专题08 八上Units 7-8（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）中考英语一轮复习考点帮（江苏专用）含解析
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中考英语一轮复习考点帮
专题08 八上Units 7-8
（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）
掌握7-8单元的重点单词、词组和句式以及语法，做到熟练运用。
一、词汇
1．重点单词的含义及用法：fog 雾；foggy 有雾的；be busy doing sth．“忙于做某事”；be busy with sth 忙于某事；have a high fever发高烧；cough咳嗽；the rest of．．．．．．．．．剩余的．．．．．．．．; temperature 温度；drops (a little/a bit/a lot/much) 温度下降一点/很多；drop below /drop to 下降到．．．．．．．．；rise above /rise to 升到．．．．．．．．; hide from the April shower躲避四月的阵雨；play under the shade of trees 在树荫下玩耍；A rhymes with B A与B押韵；build a tent out of sticks 用棍子搭建一个帐篷; freeze 冻结,僵硬（freeze–froze—frozen ）; frozen 冻结的； sudden 突然的; suddenly 突然地; cause 导致，引起; cover 覆盖，封面; cover sth． with sth． =be covered with sth被覆盖… ; scream in fear恐惧地尖叫; in all directions四面八方；be trapped被困住； say to oneself自言自语
2．易混词辨析：be full of充满，装满=be filled with；rise与raise的区别; among与between的区别；
fall down落下，掉下；fall off 从…掉下来；fall down from the bike =fall off the bike从自行车上摔下来；
fall over 绊倒(脸朝下)；fall behind 落后; below /above zero零度以下/以上; on rainy/snowy days ; on a hot summer afternoon; in the late afternoon =late in the afternoon; in the early morning; with temperature in the thirties(温度)三十几度; in one’s +整十数字的复数 “在某人几十岁的时候”；at the age of…在．．．．．．岁时; listen to与hear的区别; alive和living的区别；find my way out找到我的出路；go through my mind 掠过我的脑海；since既然，由于; try to get out as soon as possible 尽快想办法出去
二、句型
1． I bet you'll look cool and feel cool with nothing on！我打赌你什么也不穿看起来会酷而且会感到凉快！
2． It’s the best time to play football outside．这是在外面踢足球的最好时间。
3． The leaves turn green and the temperature rises quickly。树叶变绿，温度很快上升。
4． Farmers are busy harvesting crops．农民们正忙于收割庄稼。
5． Sunshine and blue skies will stay with us for the rest of the week．
阳光和蓝天将和我们一起度过这周剩余的时间。
The rest of+可数名词+谓语（复数）… the rest of the water is …
The rest of+不可数名词+谓语（单数）…the rest of my books are …
There will be a few showers today, but it will be warm, with daytime temperatures around 18 or 19 degrees．
今天有几场阵雨，但天气很暖，白天气温大约在18到19摄氏度。
7． How is the weather today =What’s the weather like today 今天的天气怎么样？
8． Bees and butterflies play among flowers ,then hide from the April showers．
9． As the days are shorter and the temperature drops．
10． We throw snowballs at each other，screaming and laughing．我们互相扔雪球,叫着，笑着。
11． Didn't you hear the rain 难道你没有听见下雨（的声音）吗？
12． A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since l was still alive。
片刻的恐惧闪过我的脑海，但我告诉自己既然我还活着就要冷静下来。
三、重点语法
Unit7 Unit8
①动词分类 ②五种基本句型 ①过去进行时 ②when/while/as的用法区分
动词可分为行为动词和连系动词 五种基本句型的英文表达和类型判别 过去进行时的一般用法和时间标志词 过去进行时的特殊用法 When/while/as这三者使用时的区别
Unit 7重点词汇和句型
1．It’s the best time to play football outside．这是在外面踢足球最好的时节。
2．play among flowers在花丛中嬉戏
3．hide from the April showers 躲避四月的阵雨 (hide-hid-hidden)
4．sweet memories of summer days夏日甜蜜的回忆
5．by a pool 在池塘边
6．turn brown/ red变成褐色 /红色 turn+颜色或天气的形容词
7．Farmers are busy harvesting crops．农民正忙于收割庄稼
be busy doing sth． = be busy with sth．忙于做某事
8．have/catch a cold感冒 have/catch a bad cold重感冒 catch—caught –catches
9．have a high fever发高烧
10．an awful day糟糕的一天
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）5． Tips: For our own safety, we’d better not stand under big trees on ________ days in summer．
A．sunny B．cloudy C．rainy D．foggy
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）3．—Good news! The Shenzhou XIV manned spacecraft has been sent into space successfully．
—That ________ exciting and encouraging!
A．turns B．tastes C．sounds D．smells
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）6． —Dad, what’s for dinner It ________ nice!
—I’m cooking chicken soup．
A． tastes B． smells C． looks D．feels
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）73．秋天，树叶变黄，从树上落下。
_______________________________________________________________
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）74．当别人说话时，这名护士能足够耐心地认真倾听。
_______________________________________________________________
一、动词填空
1． Look! How hard it_______ (snow) outside!
2． You must try your best to stop him_______ (make) the same mistake again．
3．_______ (keep) the door closed and it will be warm here．
4． She decided to offer as much money as she can_______ (help) the poor．
5． The first question of the four was really difficult, but the rest_______ (be) quite easy．
6． Mr Wu told us that the sun_______ (rise) from the east．
7． The teacher advised us_______ (not leave) rubbish on the grass．
8． They_______ (not win) this game and they all felt sad．
9． Please write down what I say, or (否则) you_______ (forget) the important points．
10． Would you please_______ (stay) here for a while Mum is coming．
二、根据所提供的单词或汉语提示完成下列句子
1． People come from _______(到处 ) to celebrate the festival．
2． I _________(掉) my glasses and broke them yesterday．
3． Don’t talk so __________(大声)． The others are sleeping．
4． Tom was sad by his grandfather’s _________(突然 )death。
5． You’d better stay at home today． The wind is _________(吹) strongly．
6． Which animal is the biggest and heaviest on _______(陆地)
7． We also make ___________(雪人) and use carrots for their noses．
8． People are _________(deep)moved for this thing．
9． The playground is _________(cover)with thick leaves in autumn．
10． The castle looks so _________(shine) and beautiful under the fireworks．
Unit8重点词汇和句型
1． thousands of 成千上万的 / hundreds of 成百上千的 / millions of 成百万的 +名词复数
Thousands of people lost their lives in the earthquake．
There are thousands of people on the street．
数词+hundred/thousand/million+名词复数
There are three thousand students in our school．
2．wash away 冲走 wash away the village 冲走村庄 wash it/them away
A terrible flood washed away his house．
3． catch fire 着火（强调动作） be on fire 着火 , 失火（强调状态）
Look！The house is on fire． The house caught fire yesterday．
4．shake vi．& vt．摇动，震动过去式是shook shake slightly轻微震动
Look! The trees are shaking in the strong wind．
shake hands with sb 与某人握手
n．摇动，震动 a slight shake一阵轻微的震动
shaking n．摇动，震动 Finally, the noise and shaking ended．
5．trapped adj．困住的 be trapped被困
6．mind n．头脑 go through one’s mind传遍我的大脑;
make up one’s mind(s) to do sth=decide to do sth决定做某事
v．介意 mind doing sth介意做某事
7． alive adj．活着的 stay alive仍活着
living area 居住地
find one’s way out 找到出路 lose one’s way迷路=get lost
9． asleep adj．睡着的 almost asleep 快要睡着了 fall asleep 睡着
feel sleepy 感到困倦 the sleeping boy正在睡觉的男孩
as……as possible 尽可能
as soon/early/fast as possible 尽可能地快、早、快
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）1．We ________ on the countryside road when a sudden storm hit, so we made our way back．
A．jogged B．were jogging C．have jogged D．will jog
（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）6．________ you can’t work out the problem, perhaps you need to ask your classmates for help．
A．Unless B．Though C．Since D．Whether
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）14．—Peter, what were you doing at this time last night
—I ________ chess with my grandfather．
A．play B．was playing C．am playing D．played
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）9．—Andy, what were you doing at this time yesterday afternoon
—I ________ the film The Battle at Lake Changjin with my sister．
A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）7．Although the match is moving in an unexpected ________, our team will win finally, I believe．
A．instruction B．introduction C．position D．direction
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）51．—Why didn’t you reply to my Wechat
—Sorry． I _____________ (help) my neighbour look after her baby．
一、根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上卞文，写出空缺处斧单词的正确形式。
1． Uncle Wang teaches English in a small ______ (村庄）．
2． He didn’t go to school yesterday because he had a bad ______ (头痛）
3． My grandma is in her ______ (八十多岁) ,but she can still take care of herself ．
4． His grandparents are still______ (活着的）．
5． John was ______ (困住）in a small wooden house．
6． What a ______(可怕的）snowstorm!
7． My parents need to work on ______ (工作日）．
8． This area is much ______ (潮湿）than my hometown．
9． —Sorry, my car______ down on the way． So I’m late．
一It doesn’t matter． The meeting began just now．
10．—If it keeps on raining; there'll be a _______．
—I hope not．． Because if it happens, many people will have no home to live ．
二、完成句子
1．一阵大风从后面袭来，我几乎跌倒。
A strong wind___________________________________________________________．
2．听了美妙的音乐后，我平静了下来。
I ___________________________________________the beautiful music．
3．地震过后，灾区人民得到了来自四面八方的帮助。
After the earthquake,the victims______________________________________．
4．他开会迟到了，因为他的汽车在路上抛锚了。
He was late for the meeting because his car__________________________．
5．当你昨晚回家时，你妈妈正在做烙饼吗？
_______________________________________when you went back home yesterday
6．我们都认为恶劣天气有时会引起自然灾害。
We all think that terrible weather___________________________________________．
7．当我回家的时候，警察正在问我妈妈早上是否听到了喊叫声。
When I went back home,the police________________________________this morning．
8．最后，他们找到了出路并赶回家了。
_______________________________________________________________and hurried home．
U7-U8核心语法讲解
一、动词分类
英语中动词分为行为动词和连系动词两大种类。
1、连系动词
连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：
1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。
2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。
3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stay, prove等。
4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。
连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：
The mixture is tasted terrible．（误）
The mixture tastes terrible（正）
Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in．（误）
Jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in．（正）
I'm feeling much better than ever before．
It was getting darker and darker． Besides, a cold rain began to fall．
行为动词
行为动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词两种。
及物动词后面可以加一个宾语，比如说eat、like、drink等动词；不及物动词后面不可以直接跟宾语，比如说smile、sleep、run等。
此外，行为动词还可以具有不同的时态变化以及主动和被动语态形式。
二、五种基本句型
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
S+V(主+谓）
S+V+P(主+ 系 + 表）
S+V+O(主+谓+宾）
S+V+IO+DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾）
S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）
1）基本句型一: S+V(主+谓）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy)、主格代词（如 you)、动词不定式、动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！
谓语：谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi．)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如： "We come． ”。
S+V(不及物动词）
(1)The Sun rises in the east．太阳从东方升起。
(2)It doesn't matter．没关系。
(3)The bird disappeared soon．鸟不久就消失了。
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即,句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
2）基本句型二: S+V+P(主+系+表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动同。连系动同分两类：be，look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get， grow,become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意义，只起连接主语和表语的作用。其他系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动问多可用作联系动词：look well面色好，sound nice 听起来不错，feel good感觉好,smell bad难闻。
S+V(系动词）+ P
（1）That is an English—Chinese dictionary．那是本英汉辞典。
（2）The lunch smells good．午餐闻起来很香。
（3）The young man fell in love．这个年轻人堕入了情。
（4）Everything looks different．一切看来都不同了。
（5）Tom is growing tall and strong．汤姆长得又高又壮。
（6）The trouble is that we are short of money．麻烦的是我们缺少钱。
（7）My face turned red．我的脸红了。
There be结构:There be表示“存在有”。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词“there那里”混淆。
此结构后跟名词,表示“(存在)有某事物”。
3）基本句型三: S+V+O(主+谓+宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟冇一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代同必须是“代词宾格”，如:me，him，them等。
S+V(及物动词）+O
(1)Who knows the answer 谁知道答案？
(2)He smiled his thanks．他微笑表示感谢。
(3)She has refused to help them．她拒绝帮他们。
(4)They enjoy reading．他们喜欢看书。
(5)We ate what was left over．我们吃了剩饭。
(6)He said "Good morning． ”他说:“早上好！”
(7)1 want to have a cup of coffee．我想喝杯咖啡。
(8)He admits that he was mistaken．他承认犯了错误。
4）基本句型四：S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带,show显示……这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语;—个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。
—般的顺序为：动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:“Give me a cup of tea． please．"。
强调间接宾语顺序为：动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如：“Show this house to Mr． Smith． ”。
若直接宾语为人称代词,则顺序为：动词+代词直接宾语+ 介词 + 间接宾语。如：“Bring it to me,please． ”。
S+V(及物）+ IO(多指人) + DO(多指物)
(1)He ordered himself a pair of new trousers．他给自己定了一条新裤子。
(2)Lily cooked her husband a delicious meal．莉莉给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
(3)She brought you a dictionary．她给你带来了一本字典。
(4)He denies me nothing．他对我什么都不拒绝。
(5)1 showed them my pictures．我给他们看我的照片
(6)He gave my car a wash．他洗了我的汽车。
(7)He told me that the bus was late．他告诉我汽车晚点了。
(8)My father showed me how to run the machine．我爸爸教我运行机器。
5）基本句型五：S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）
此句型句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出补充说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。
(1)名词/代词宾格+名词
The war made him a soldier．战争使他成为一名战士。
（2）名词/代词宾格+形容词
New methods will make the job easy．新方法会使这项工作变得轻松。
（3）名词/代词宾格+介词短语
I often find the teacher at work．我经常发现老师在工作。
（4）名词/代词宾格+动词不定式
Mr． Wu asked the students to close the windows．吴老师让学生们关上窗户。
（5）名词/代词宾格+分词
1 saw a cat running across the road just now．我刚刚看见一只猫跑过了马路。
S+V(及物)+DO(宾语)+OC(宾补）
（1）We appointed him the manager．我们任命他当经理。
（2）They painted the door blue．他们把门漆成蓝色。
（3）This set us thinking．这使得我们要仔细想一想。
（4）We found the house deserted．我们发现那房子无人居住。
（5）What makes her think so 什么使她这样想？
（6）We saw her out．我们送她出去。
（7）My dad asked me to come back soon．我爸爸要我早点回来。
（8）1 saw them getting on the bus．我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
三、过去进行时
过去进行时常见时间状语：then/ at this time yesterday/at that moment/from7:20 to 7:50 yesterday/When．．．
例1．We were watching TV from seven to nine last night．昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
例2．It was raining when they left the station．他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
例3．When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining．当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。
例4．What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)
例5．When I saw him he was decorating his room．当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)
【注意】以下动词不用进行时：live/have/like/hate/感官动词
四、when/while/as的用法
连词when/while/as的用法：
前提：表“当．．．时”
长动作（延续性动词）：was/were+doing (过去进行时)
短动作（短暂性动词）：did (过去式)
主句 从句
长(was/were doing) when 短(did) 前长后短用when
短(did) as 两短用as
短(did) when 长(was/were doing) 前短后长都可以
长(was/were doing) while 两长用while
【注意】while还有“然而”之意，主从句形成对比。
例1． He likes living in the city while I like living in the countryside．
例2．I was going out when my friend Jack came to play chess with me．
一、单词拼写
We heard__________ (excite) shouts during the match．
The wind is blowing__________ (strong) than it was this morning．
She said to__________ (she), "Am I right "
He was still__________ (live) when the disaster was over．
Listen! I can hear an old woman __________ ( scream ) for help in the next door．
I was playing computer games while my father__________ (read) newspapers．
Laura __________ (learn) another language next year, isn’t she
Jack said he __________ (mop) the water up at that time．
Luke spent as little time as he could __________ (play) computer games．
There are many __________ (nature) disasters in the world．
Several plane__________ (crash) took place in foreign countries 3 days ago．
As soon as the shaking ended, it was __________ (silence) around me．
The earth __________ (shake) hard and the house came down．
Some of the students __________ (mop) the water on the floor when we arrived there．
It is dangerous to use your mobile phone when __________ (drive)．
Look, there are many people __________ (dance) to the music there．
It __________ (snow) outside． Why not go to have snowball fights
I was playing computer games while my father__________ (read) newspapers．
Listen! I can hear an old woman__________ (scream) for help in the next door．
Laura __________ (learn) another language next year, isn’t she
I hope you __________ (not make) the same mistake again．
Jack said he __________ (mop) the water up at that time．
Luke spent as little time as he could __________ (play) computer games．
The house is__________ （燃烧）．Let's call 119．
二、动词填空
1．Would you please __________ (not prevent) me from becoming a member of the Birdwatching Club
2．The man rushed into the house and saved those women’s__________ ( life ) ．
3．They __________ (plan) a trip to the Yellow Mountain when the bell rang
4．The twins __________ (read) when I met them in the library
5．The brightly shining shoe made the other one __________ (look) worse
6．We should think about all we can do __________ (prevent) animals from dying out
7．When she was six months old, she __________ (begin) to eat apples．
8．Who __________ (clean) the blackboard in your class every morning
9．In the reading room, we should keep __________ (silence) instead of talking loudly
10．The TV program me was so boring and I almost fell__________ (sleep) last night
11．The little broken house looked even__________ (wet) after the heavy rain．
12．At that time, I heard nothing but my heart __________ (beat) faster and faster．
13．Luckily, I found myself still __________ (live), but I couldn’t move at all．
14．Don’t worry． The rain __________ (stop) in few hours．
15．Look！Mum is __________ (mop) the floor． Let’s go to help her．
16．I’m sorry to keep you __________ (wait) for such a long time．
17．Do you feel the earth shaking __________ (轻微)
18．People looked at each other in__________ (恐惧)．
19．It’s hard to believe that several airline __________ (灾难) happened in 2014．
20．Take it easy, man． If you still feel __________ (紧张的), take a deep breath
【2023年无锡市锡山区中考二模英语试题】
阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。（本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分）
A
Plants need certain things to live, grow and stay healthy． The following pictures will show you what they need to survive．
Plants use light to make their own food． If you leave a plant near a window, it will bend(弯曲) and grow toward the light． It tries to get as much as sunshine as possible． Plants need water to survive and stay strong． When a plant does not get enough water, its stem(茎) will become soft and hung down, and also its leaves will be weak and dry．
Plants will grow best when the temperature is just right for them． Some plants like hot weather, while others prefer cooler conditions． All plants need air． They use the gas carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) from air to make food, and they use oxygen from air to give off energy from food．
25．Which of the following environments is suitable for plants to grow
A．A planet without any water． B．A room in complete darkness．
C．A box free of carbon dioxide． D．A farm with proper temperature．
26．What can plants use air for
A．To get food from the soil． B．To save energy from food．
C．To control their temperature． D．To produce the food they need．
27．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably from
A．History Discovery． B．Language Learning． C．Biology Research． D．Science Contributions．
B
The Merlion is a mythical(神话中的) animal that is half-fish and half-lion． It stands for Singapore’s identity—its body stands for the fishing villages of Singapore’s past, while its lion head is a symbol of Singapore’s past, while its lion head is a symbol of Singapore’s (“lion city” in Sanskrit)． It was built by craftsman Lim Nang Seng． Unveiled(揭幕) by Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew in 1972, the statue was first placed at the mouth of the Singapore River but now stands overlooking the bay at Merlion Park．
Gardens by the Bay is a 100-hectare(公顷) nature park in Singapore that aims to create a “City in a Garden” and improve air quality． It attracts around 50 million visitors per year and has three main gardens: Central, East and South． The South Garden has the most attractions． Supertree Grove is one of the most famous attractions among them． There are 18 tree-like installations(装置) that reach up to 50 meters off the ground and are made out of reinforced concrete(钢筋混凝土) and plants． The free evening light show is well worth watching．
The Helix Bridge is a pedestrian(人行的) bridge in Singapore that was built in 2010． It’s the longest one there and connects Marina Center to the Bayfront． The bridge is shaped like a double helix(螺旋) DNA, which stands for “life and continuity, renewal(更新) and growth”． If you’re into science, you might notice pairs of letters “c” and “g”, as well as “a” and “t” on the bridge—these stand for the four bases of DNA．
28．What does the fish body of the Merlion stand for
A．The well-developed fishing industry in Singapore．
B．The fishing villages of Singapore’s past．
C．The achievement of Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew．
D．The sincere wish of a good future for the nation．
29．Why were the Gardens by the Bay built
A．To create shadows． B．To work as lighting installations．
C．To make the environment better． D．To attract visitors．
30．What are the relations between the Helix Bridge and DNA
①The bridge shares a similar shape with a double helix DNA．
②The letters people can find on the bridge stand for the bases of DNA．
③The bridge was built to memorize the finding of DNA．
④The symbolic meaning of the bridge is similar to DNA．
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
五、动词填空（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）
46．Recently, more and more people________ (realize) that clear waters and green mountains are the same valuable as mountains of gold and silver．
47．—Oh, Tonny! I haven’t seen you for a long time．
—I came back few days ago． I ________ (teach) children in North-west China for a year．
48．— Have you found any useful clues, sir
— We __________(work) on it． There’s nothing much I can say at the moment．
49．What we learn at school _________ (not be) enough for life． We should keep learning all our life．
50． As soon as Eddie finishes the job, he ________________ (allow) to have two weeks off．
51． —When did you lose your purse
—I’m not sure． Maybe yesterday afternoon when ________ (run) after my pet．
52．The plan they paid much attention to ________ (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting．
53．—How was your trip during the May Day holiday
—Can’t be worse． We were forced ________ (cut) our journey short because of too many people．
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）
五、选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。
long; invent; depend on; at the end of; make a speech; put up; play chess; hand out; the pride of; pay attention to
56． Fresh water is important． Life on Earth __________ it．
57． The Yellow River is China’ s second __________ river after the Yangtze．
58． The exchange students from Australia will arrive __________ June．
59． Simon always stays up late． Doctor Ma advises him __________ his health．
60． These volunteers __________ the tent already． Let’ s say thanks to them．
61． —Sandy, where is Millie
—She __________ new books in the classroom．
62． Tomorrow I’ll visit my grandparents． I __________ with my grandpa．
63． How great these Chinese astronauts are! They are __________ our country．
64． Professor Wang __________ on teenage problems to us at 2 yesterday afternoon．
65． Papermaking is one of the four great __________ from ancient China．
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China． Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and l___61___ canals． Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___62___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal．
The museum o___63___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021． It covers an area of some 80,000 square meters． It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___64___ of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower．
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）． They are telling the h___65___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal． These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w___66___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control． The 25．7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___67___ by many as the “treasure of the museum”．
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___68___ people changed nature．
Passing t___69___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties．
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____70____ which are themed on the Grand Canal in China． Why not come and visit it yourself
参考答案
Unit 7重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）5．C
【解析】句意：温馨提示：为了自身安全，夏天下雨天最好不要站在大树下。
考查形容词辨析和常识。sunny晴朗的；cloudy多云的；rainy下雨的；foggy多雾的。根据“we’d better not stand under big trees on．．．days in summer”和常识可知，夏天下雨天最好不要站在大树下，故选C。
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）3． C
【解析】句意：——好消息！神舟十四号载人飞船已经成功发射到太空。——这听起来令人兴奋和鼓舞！考查动词辨析。turns转变；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来；smells闻起来。根据“Good news! The Shenzhou XIV manned spacecraft has been sent into space successfully”可知是这个消息听起来很令人兴奋。故选C。
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）6． B
【解析】考查系动词的词义辨析。这句话意思是：爸爸，晚饭要吃什么？这闻起来好香啊？
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）73．In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees．
【解析】句子是陈述句，是一般现在时。表达“在秋天”用介词短语“in autumn”，是时间状语，放在句首。主语是“树叶”是复数概念，用复数名词“leaves”。表达“变”，用系动词“turn”。表达“黄”用形容词“yellow”作表语。表达“落下”用动词短语“fall off”，表达“树”用名词“trees”作宾语。用连词“and”连接动词形成并列结构。故填In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees．
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）74．When others speak, the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully．
【解析】句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时；句子是when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语是others“其他人”，谓语动词用原形speak“说话”；足够……去做某事：adj． enough to do sth．；主句主语是the nurse，be动词用is；耐心的：patient；听：listen，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填When others speak, the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully．
1． is snowing 2． making 3． Keep 4． to help 5． were 6．rises
7． not to leave 8． didn't win 9． will forget 10． Stay
二、根据所提供的单词或汉语提示完成下列句子
1．everywhere 2．dropped 3．loudly 4．sudden 5．blowing
6．land 7．snowmen 8．deeply 9．covered 10．shinny
Unit8重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）1．B
【解析】句意：我们在乡间小路上慢跑时，突然刮起了暴风雨，于是我们往回走。
考查时态。根据“when a sudden storm hit”可知是当暴风雨时，正在慢跑，用过去进行时was/were doing。故选B。
（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）6．C
【解析】句意：既然你解不出这道题，也许你需要向你的同学求助。
考查连词辨析。Unless除非；Though尽管；Since既然，由于；Whether是否。“you can’t work out the problem”是向同学求助的原因，用Since引导原因状语从句。故选C。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）14．B
【解析】句意：——彼得，你昨晚这个时候在做什么？——我在和我的祖父下棋。
考查动词时态。根据“at this time last night”可知，此处指过去的某一时刻正在做的事情，应为过去进行时。故选B。
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）9．C
【解析】句意：——Andy，昨天下午这个时候你在干什么？——我跟我的妹妹正在看电影《长津湖》。
考查动词时态。根据问句“were you doing”可知，答语也用过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，故选C。
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）7．D
【解析】句意：虽然比赛走向了一个意想不到的方向，但我相信我们队最终会赢。
考查名词辨析。instruction指导；introduction介绍；position位置；direction方向。根据“Although the match is moving in an unexpected．．．, our team will win finally, I believe．”可知，此处指的是比赛的走向，direction“方向”符合题意，故选D。
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）51．
51．was helping
【解析】句意：---为什么你那时候不回复我的微信？ ---对不起，我当时正在帮助我的邻居照顾她的小孩。
考查过去进行时这个时态的语境题。表示过去某个时候正在做某事。
一、根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上卞文，写出空缺处斧单词的正确形式。
1． village 2． headache 3．eighties 4． alive 5．trapped
6． terrible 7．weekdays 8． wetter 9． broke 10．flood
二、完成句子
1．came from behind and I nearly fell over
2．calmed down after listening to
3．get help from all directioms
4．Broke down on the way
5．Was your mother making the pancake
6．May sometimes cause a natural disaster
7．Were asking my mother if she heard a shout
8．Finally,they found their way out
U7-U8核心语法讲解
一、单词拼写
excited；more strongly；herself；alive；hearing；was reading；is going to learn；was mopping；playing；natural；crashes；silent；shook；were mopping；driving；dancing；is snowing；was reading；screaming；is going to learn；won't make；was mopping；playing；burning
二、动词填空
not prevent；lives；were planning;was reading;look;to prevent;began;cleans;silent;asleep;wetter;
was beating;alive;will stop;mopping;waiting;slightly;fear;disasters;nervous
【答案】25． D 26． D 27． C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物生长所需因素。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Plants will grow best when the temperature is just right for them．”可知，温度适宜的农田适合植物生长。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They use the gas carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) from air to make food”可知，植物利用空气中的二氧化碳生产自己所需的食物。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了植物的生长因素，故文章可能来自“生物学研究”。故选C。
【答案】28． B 29． C 30． B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新加坡的几个景点。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“its body stands for the fishing villages of Singapore’s past”可知，它的身体代表着新加坡过去的渔村，故填B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Gardens by the Bay is a 100-hectare(公顷) nature park in Singapore that aims to create a ‘City in a Garden’ and improve air quality．”可知，滨海湾花园是新加坡一个占地100公顷的自然公园，旨在创造一个“花园中的城市”，并改善空气质量。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The bridge is shaped like a double helix(螺旋) DNA, which stands for ‘life’ and continuity, renewal(更新) and growth． If you’re into science, you might notice pairs of letters c’ and ‘g’, as well as ‘a’ and ‘t’ on the bridge—these stand for the four bases of DNA．”可知，这座桥的形状像一个双螺旋DNA，代表着“生命和延续，更新和成长”。如果你对科学感兴趣，你可能会注意到成对的字母“c”和“g”，以及桥上的“a”和“t”——这些代表DNA的四个碱基。故选B。
五、动词填空（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）
46．have realized
【解析】句意：近来，越来越多的人已经意识到，绿水青山与金山银山一样珍贵。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语。由句中“Recently”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语more and more people为复数，故应用助动词have。故填have realized。
47．taught
【解析】句意：——哦，托尼！我很久没见到你了。——我几天前回来的。我在中国西北教过一年的孩子。teach“教”，动词。此处是指之前在西北教过一年的孩子，应用一般过去时。故填taught。
48．are working
【解析】句意：——先生，你找到什么有用的线索了吗？ ——我们正在努力。目前我没什么可透露的。
空格处所给参考单词为work。根据语境可知，此处说的是我们正在努力查找线索，故句子应用现在进行时，故答案为are working。
49．isn’t
【解析】句意：我们在学校学到的东西不够用。我们应该终身学习。句子是一般现在时，主语“What we learn at school”看成单数，be动词用is，否定在其后加not，缩写为isn’t，故填isn’t。
50．will be allowed
【解析】句意：Eddie一完成工作，他将被允许休息两周。此题考查一般将来时的被动，根据句意，故填will be allowed。
51．running
【解析】句意：——你什么时候丢的钱包？——我不确定。也许昨天下午跟着我的宠物跑的时候。根据问句“When did you lose your purse ”可知，齐全的答句应是：Maybe I lost my purse yesterday afternoon when I was running after my pet。该句含有when引导的时间状语从句，主句用的过去时，从句用过去进行时表示那时正在做的事情。主从句主语一致，可省略从句的主语和be动词，即省略“I was”，故填running。
52．will be discussed
【解析】句意：明天的会议上将会讨论他们非常关注的那项计划。根据“The plan they paid much attention to．．．(discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting．”可知，主语The plan和动词discuss“讨论”之间存在被动关系，且句子的时态是一般将来时，所以句子应用一般将来时的被动语态，可用谓语结构will be done，discuss的过去分词是discussed。故填will be discussed。
53．to cut
【解析】句意：——五一假期你的旅行怎么样？——再糟糕不过了。由于人太多，我们被迫缩短行程。根据语境和提示词汇可知，be forced to do sth表示“被迫做某事”，空处需填“to+动词原形”，cut“削减”，动词。故填to cut。
56． depends on 57． longest 58． at the end of 59． to pay attention to
60． have put up 61． is handing out 62．will play chess##am going to play chess
63． the pride of 64． was making a speech 65．inventions
【解析】
【56题详解】
句意：淡水很重要。地球上的生命依赖于它。根据“Life on Earth．．．it．”可知地球上的生命依赖于淡水。depend on“依赖”符合语境；本句陈述一般事实，需用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，动词需用三单形式。故填depends on。
【57题详解】
句意：黄河是中国第二大河，仅次于长江。根据“The Yellow River is China’ s second．．．river after the Yangtze．”和常识可知黄河是第二长河，空处需用最高级longest表示“最长的”。故填longest。
【58题详解】
句意：来自澳大利亚的交换学生将在六月底到达。根据“The exchange students from Australia will arrive ．．．June．”可知此处at the end of“在……的结尾”符合语境，表示在六月底。故填at the end of。
【59题详解】
句意：西蒙总是熬夜。马医生建议他注意健康。根据“Simon always stays up late．”可知要注意健康。pay attention to“注意”符合语境；advise sb to do sth表示“建议某人做某事”。故填to pay attention to。
【60题详解】
句意：这些志愿者已经搭起了帐篷。让我们对他们说声谢谢。根据“the tent”可知是搭帐篷。put up表示“搭建”；根据“already”可知本句是现在完成时(have/has done)，主语是复数，助动词用have，put的过去分词还是put。故填have put up。
【61题详解】
句意：——桑迪，米莉在哪儿？——她正在教室里分发新书。根据“new books in the classroom．”可知在教室分发书。hand out“分发”符合语境。结合“where is Millie ”可知米莉正在发书，需用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故填is handing out。
【62题详解】
句意：明天我要去看望我的祖父母。我将和爷爷下棋。根据“Tomorrow I’ll visit my grandparents．”可知本句是一般将来时(will do或be going to do)；再根据“with my grandpa．”可知是和爷爷下棋。故填will/am going to play chess。
【63题详解】
句意：这些中国宇航员多么了不起！他们是我们国家的骄傲。根据“How great these Chinese astronauts are!”可知是国家的骄傲。the pride of“……的骄傲”。故填the pride of。
【64题详解】
句意：昨天下午两点，王教授正在给我们做一个关于青少年问题的报告。根据“at 2 yesterday afternoon．”可知本句是过去进行时(was/were doing)；结合“Professor Wang”可知是作报告。make a speech“作演讲”符合语境。主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was making a speech。
【65题详解】
句意：造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一。根据“Papermaking is one of the four great．．．from ancient China．”和常识可知造纸术是四大发明之一。invention“发明”；one of+最高级+名词复数表示“……中最……之一”。故填inventions。
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
61．(l)ongest 62．(c)ities 63．(o)pened 64．(s)hape 65．(h)istory 66．(w)hile
67．(c)onsidered 68．(h)ow 69．(t)hrough 70．(m)useums
【解析】本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【61题详解】
句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“oldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“longest”。故填(l)ongest。
【62题详解】
句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河的岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“one of 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhou”，“in Jiangsu province”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。
【63题详解】
句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its doors to the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“opened”。故填(o)pened。
【64题详解】
句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“of a giant ship waiting to set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape of”。故填(s)hape。
【65题详解】
句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“history”。故填(h)istory。
【66题详解】
句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions．．．they continue to be used for transport, irrigation and flood control．”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。
【67题详解】
句意：长25．7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be considered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)onsidered。
【68题详解】
句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“people changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“how”引导从句。故填(h)ow。
【69题详解】
句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibition hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass through”。故填(t)hrough。
【70题详解】
句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed on the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。
专题08 八上Units 7-8
（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）
掌握7-8单元的重点单词、词组和句式以及语法，做到熟练运用。
一、词汇
1．重点单词的含义及用法：fog 雾；foggy 有雾的；be busy doing sth．“忙于做某事”；be busy with sth 忙于某事；have a high fever发高烧；cough咳嗽；the rest of．．．．．．．．．剩余的．．．．．．．．; temperature 温度；drops (a little/a bit/a lot/much) 温度下降一点/很多；drop below /drop to 下降到．．．．．．．．；rise above /rise to 升到．．．．．．．．; hide from the April shower躲避四月的阵雨；play under the shade of trees 在树荫下玩耍；A rhymes with B A与B押韵；build a tent out of sticks 用棍子搭建一个帐篷; freeze 冻结,僵硬（freeze–froze—frozen ）; frozen 冻结的； sudden 突然的; suddenly 突然地; cause 导致，引起; cover 覆盖，封面; cover sth． with sth． =be covered with sth被覆盖… ; scream in fear恐惧地尖叫; in all directions四面八方；be trapped被困住； say to oneself自言自语
2．易混词辨析：be full of充满，装满=be filled with；rise与raise的区别; among与between的区别；
fall down落下，掉下；fall off 从…掉下来；fall down from the bike =fall off the bike从自行车上摔下来；
fall over 绊倒(脸朝下)；fall behind 落后; below /above zero零度以下/以上; on rainy/snowy days ; on a hot summer afternoon; in the late afternoon =late in the afternoon; in the early morning; with temperature in the thirties(温度)三十几度; in one’s +整十数字的复数 “在某人几十岁的时候”；at the age of…在．．．．．．岁时; listen to与hear的区别; alive和living的区别；find my way out找到我的出路；go through my mind 掠过我的脑海；since既然，由于; try to get out as soon as possible 尽快想办法出去
二、句型
1． I bet you'll look cool and feel cool with nothing on！我打赌你什么也不穿看起来会酷而且会感到凉快！
2． It’s the best time to play football outside．这是在外面踢足球的最好时间。
3． The leaves turn green and the temperature rises quickly。树叶变绿，温度很快上升。
4． Farmers are busy harvesting crops．农民们正忙于收割庄稼。
5． Sunshine and blue skies will stay with us for the rest of the week．
阳光和蓝天将和我们一起度过这周剩余的时间。
The rest of+可数名词+谓语（复数）… the rest of the water is …
The rest of+不可数名词+谓语（单数）…the rest of my books are …
There will be a few showers today, but it will be warm, with daytime temperatures around 18 or 19 degrees．
今天有几场阵雨，但天气很暖，白天气温大约在18到19摄氏度。
7． How is the weather today =What’s the weather like today 今天的天气怎么样？
8． Bees and butterflies play among flowers ,then hide from the April showers．
9． As the days are shorter and the temperature drops．
10． We throw snowballs at each other，screaming and laughing．我们互相扔雪球,叫着，笑着。
11． Didn't you hear the rain 难道你没有听见下雨（的声音）吗？
12． A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since l was still alive。
片刻的恐惧闪过我的脑海，但我告诉自己既然我还活着就要冷静下来。
三、重点语法
Unit7 Unit8
①动词分类 ②五种基本句型 ①过去进行时 ②when/while/as的用法区分
动词可分为行为动词和连系动词 五种基本句型的英文表达和类型判别 过去进行时的一般用法和时间标志词 过去进行时的特殊用法 When/while/as这三者使用时的区别
Unit 7重点词汇和句型
1．It’s the best time to play football outside．这是在外面踢足球最好的时节。
2．play among flowers在花丛中嬉戏
3．hide from the April showers 躲避四月的阵雨 (hide-hid-hidden)
4．sweet memories of summer days夏日甜蜜的回忆
5．by a pool 在池塘边
6．turn brown/ red变成褐色 /红色 turn+颜色或天气的形容词
7．Farmers are busy harvesting crops．农民正忙于收割庄稼
be busy doing sth． = be busy with sth．忙于做某事
8．have/catch a cold感冒 have/catch a bad cold重感冒 catch—caught –catches
9．have a high fever发高烧
10．an awful day糟糕的一天
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）5． Tips: For our own safety, we’d better not stand under big trees on ________ days in summer．
A．sunny B．cloudy C．rainy D．foggy
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）3．—Good news! The Shenzhou XIV manned spacecraft has been sent into space successfully．
—That ________ exciting and encouraging!
A．turns B．tastes C．sounds D．smells
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）6． —Dad, what’s for dinner It ________ nice!
—I’m cooking chicken soup．
A． tastes B． smells C． looks D．feels
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）73．秋天，树叶变黄，从树上落下。
_______________________________________________________________
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）74．当别人说话时，这名护士能足够耐心地认真倾听。
_______________________________________________________________
一、动词填空
1． Look! How hard it_______ (snow) outside!
2． You must try your best to stop him_______ (make) the same mistake again．
3．_______ (keep) the door closed and it will be warm here．
4． She decided to offer as much money as she can_______ (help) the poor．
5． The first question of the four was really difficult, but the rest_______ (be) quite easy．
6． Mr Wu told us that the sun_______ (rise) from the east．
7． The teacher advised us_______ (not leave) rubbish on the grass．
8． They_______ (not win) this game and they all felt sad．
9． Please write down what I say, or (否则) you_______ (forget) the important points．
10． Would you please_______ (stay) here for a while Mum is coming．
二、根据所提供的单词或汉语提示完成下列句子
1． People come from _______(到处 ) to celebrate the festival．
2． I _________(掉) my glasses and broke them yesterday．
3． Don’t talk so __________(大声)． The others are sleeping．
4． Tom was sad by his grandfather’s _________(突然 )death。
5． You’d better stay at home today． The wind is _________(吹) strongly．
6． Which animal is the biggest and heaviest on _______(陆地)
7． We also make ___________(雪人) and use carrots for their noses．
8． People are _________(deep)moved for this thing．
9． The playground is _________(cover)with thick leaves in autumn．
10． The castle looks so _________(shine) and beautiful under the fireworks．
Unit8重点词汇和句型
1． thousands of 成千上万的 / hundreds of 成百上千的 / millions of 成百万的 +名词复数
Thousands of people lost their lives in the earthquake．
There are thousands of people on the street．
数词+hundred/thousand/million+名词复数
There are three thousand students in our school．
2．wash away 冲走 wash away the village 冲走村庄 wash it/them away
A terrible flood washed away his house．
3． catch fire 着火（强调动作） be on fire 着火 , 失火（强调状态）
Look！The house is on fire． The house caught fire yesterday．
4．shake vi．& vt．摇动，震动过去式是shook shake slightly轻微震动
Look! The trees are shaking in the strong wind．
shake hands with sb 与某人握手
n．摇动，震动 a slight shake一阵轻微的震动
shaking n．摇动，震动 Finally, the noise and shaking ended．
5．trapped adj．困住的 be trapped被困
6．mind n．头脑 go through one’s mind传遍我的大脑;
make up one’s mind(s) to do sth=decide to do sth决定做某事
v．介意 mind doing sth介意做某事
7． alive adj．活着的 stay alive仍活着
living area 居住地
find one’s way out 找到出路 lose one’s way迷路=get lost
9． asleep adj．睡着的 almost asleep 快要睡着了 fall asleep 睡着
feel sleepy 感到困倦 the sleeping boy正在睡觉的男孩
as……as possible 尽可能
as soon/early/fast as possible 尽可能地快、早、快
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）1．We ________ on the countryside road when a sudden storm hit, so we made our way back．
A．jogged B．were jogging C．have jogged D．will jog
（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）6．________ you can’t work out the problem, perhaps you need to ask your classmates for help．
A．Unless B．Though C．Since D．Whether
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）14．—Peter, what were you doing at this time last night
—I ________ chess with my grandfather．
A．play B．was playing C．am playing D．played
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）9．—Andy, what were you doing at this time yesterday afternoon
—I ________ the film The Battle at Lake Changjin with my sister．
A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）7．Although the match is moving in an unexpected ________, our team will win finally, I believe．
A．instruction B．introduction C．position D．direction
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）51．—Why didn’t you reply to my Wechat
—Sorry． I _____________ (help) my neighbour look after her baby．
一、根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上卞文，写出空缺处斧单词的正确形式。
1． Uncle Wang teaches English in a small ______ (村庄）．
2． He didn’t go to school yesterday because he had a bad ______ (头痛）
3． My grandma is in her ______ (八十多岁) ,but she can still take care of herself ．
4． His grandparents are still______ (活着的）．
5． John was ______ (困住）in a small wooden house．
6． What a ______(可怕的）snowstorm!
7． My parents need to work on ______ (工作日）．
8． This area is much ______ (潮湿）than my hometown．
9． —Sorry, my car______ down on the way． So I’m late．
一It doesn’t matter． The meeting began just now．
10．—If it keeps on raining; there'll be a _______．
—I hope not．． Because if it happens, many people will have no home to live ．
二、完成句子
1．一阵大风从后面袭来，我几乎跌倒。
A strong wind___________________________________________________________．
2．听了美妙的音乐后，我平静了下来。
I ___________________________________________the beautiful music．
3．地震过后，灾区人民得到了来自四面八方的帮助。
After the earthquake,the victims______________________________________．
4．他开会迟到了，因为他的汽车在路上抛锚了。
He was late for the meeting because his car__________________________．
5．当你昨晚回家时，你妈妈正在做烙饼吗？
_______________________________________when you went back home yesterday
6．我们都认为恶劣天气有时会引起自然灾害。
We all think that terrible weather___________________________________________．
7．当我回家的时候，警察正在问我妈妈早上是否听到了喊叫声。
When I went back home,the police________________________________this morning．
8．最后，他们找到了出路并赶回家了。
_______________________________________________________________and hurried home．
U7-U8核心语法讲解
一、动词分类
英语中动词分为行为动词和连系动词两大种类。
1、连系动词
连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：
1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。
2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。
3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stay, prove等。
4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。
连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：
The mixture is tasted terrible．（误）
The mixture tastes terrible（正）
Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in．（误）
Jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in．（正）
I'm feeling much better than ever before．
It was getting darker and darker． Besides, a cold rain began to fall．
行为动词
行为动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词两种。
及物动词后面可以加一个宾语，比如说eat、like、drink等动词；不及物动词后面不可以直接跟宾语，比如说smile、sleep、run等。
此外，行为动词还可以具有不同的时态变化以及主动和被动语态形式。
二、五种基本句型
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
S+V(主+谓）
S+V+P(主+ 系 + 表）
S+V+O(主+谓+宾）
S+V+IO+DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾）
S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）
1）基本句型一: S+V(主+谓）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy)、主格代词（如 you)、动词不定式、动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！
谓语：谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi．)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如： "We come． ”。
S+V(不及物动词）
(1)The Sun rises in the east．太阳从东方升起。
(2)It doesn't matter．没关系。
(3)The bird disappeared soon．鸟不久就消失了。
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即,句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
2）基本句型二: S+V+P(主+系+表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动同。连系动同分两类：be，look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get， grow,become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意义，只起连接主语和表语的作用。其他系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动问多可用作联系动词：look well面色好，sound nice 听起来不错，feel good感觉好,smell bad难闻。
S+V(系动词）+ P
（1）That is an English—Chinese dictionary．那是本英汉辞典。
（2）The lunch smells good．午餐闻起来很香。
（3）The young man fell in love．这个年轻人堕入了情。
（4）Everything looks different．一切看来都不同了。
（5）Tom is growing tall and strong．汤姆长得又高又壮。
（6）The trouble is that we are short of money．麻烦的是我们缺少钱。
（7）My face turned red．我的脸红了。
There be结构:There be表示“存在有”。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词“there那里”混淆。
此结构后跟名词,表示“(存在)有某事物”。
3）基本句型三: S+V+O(主+谓+宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟冇一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代同必须是“代词宾格”，如:me，him，them等。
S+V(及物动词）+O
(1)Who knows the answer 谁知道答案？
(2)He smiled his thanks．他微笑表示感谢。
(3)She has refused to help them．她拒绝帮他们。
(4)They enjoy reading．他们喜欢看书。
(5)We ate what was left over．我们吃了剩饭。
(6)He said "Good morning． ”他说:“早上好！”
(7)1 want to have a cup of coffee．我想喝杯咖啡。
(8)He admits that he was mistaken．他承认犯了错误。
4）基本句型四：S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带,show显示……这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语;—个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。
—般的顺序为：动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:“Give me a cup of tea． please．"。
强调间接宾语顺序为：动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如：“Show this house to Mr． Smith． ”。
若直接宾语为人称代词,则顺序为：动词+代词直接宾语+ 介词 + 间接宾语。如：“Bring it to me,please． ”。
S+V(及物）+ IO(多指人) + DO(多指物)
(1)He ordered himself a pair of new trousers．他给自己定了一条新裤子。
(2)Lily cooked her husband a delicious meal．莉莉给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
(3)She brought you a dictionary．她给你带来了一本字典。
(4)He denies me nothing．他对我什么都不拒绝。
(5)1 showed them my pictures．我给他们看我的照片
(6)He gave my car a wash．他洗了我的汽车。
(7)He told me that the bus was late．他告诉我汽车晚点了。
(8)My father showed me how to run the machine．我爸爸教我运行机器。
5）基本句型五：S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）
此句型句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出补充说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。
(1)名词/代词宾格+名词
The war made him a soldier．战争使他成为一名战士。
（2）名词/代词宾格+形容词
New methods will make the job easy．新方法会使这项工作变得轻松。
（3）名词/代词宾格+介词短语
I often find the teacher at work．我经常发现老师在工作。
（4）名词/代词宾格+动词不定式
Mr． Wu asked the students to close the windows．吴老师让学生们关上窗户。
（5）名词/代词宾格+分词
1 saw a cat running across the road just now．我刚刚看见一只猫跑过了马路。
S+V(及物)+DO(宾语)+OC(宾补）
（1）We appointed him the manager．我们任命他当经理。
（2）They painted the door blue．他们把门漆成蓝色。
（3）This set us thinking．这使得我们要仔细想一想。
（4）We found the house deserted．我们发现那房子无人居住。
（5）What makes her think so 什么使她这样想？
（6）We saw her out．我们送她出去。
（7）My dad asked me to come back soon．我爸爸要我早点回来。
（8）1 saw them getting on the bus．我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
三、过去进行时
过去进行时常见时间状语：then/ at this time yesterday/at that moment/from7:20 to 7:50 yesterday/When．．．
例1．We were watching TV from seven to nine last night．昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
例2．It was raining when they left the station．他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
例3．When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining．当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。
例4．What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)
例5．When I saw him he was decorating his room．当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)
【注意】以下动词不用进行时：live/have/like/hate/感官动词
四、when/while/as的用法
连词when/while/as的用法：
前提：表“当．．．时”
长动作（延续性动词）：was/were+doing (过去进行时)
短动作（短暂性动词）：did (过去式)
主句 从句
长(was/were doing) when 短(did) 前长后短用when
短(did) as 两短用as
短(did) when 长(was/were doing) 前短后长都可以
长(was/were doing) while 两长用while
【注意】while还有“然而”之意，主从句形成对比。
例1． He likes living in the city while I like living in the countryside．
例2．I was going out when my friend Jack came to play chess with me．
一、单词拼写
We heard__________ (excite) shouts during the match．
The wind is blowing__________ (strong) than it was this morning．
She said to__________ (she), "Am I right "
He was still__________ (live) when the disaster was over．
Listen! I can hear an old woman __________ ( scream ) for help in the next door．
I was playing computer games while my father__________ (read) newspapers．
Laura __________ (learn) another language next year, isn’t she
Jack said he __________ (mop) the water up at that time．
Luke spent as little time as he could __________ (play) computer games．
There are many __________ (nature) disasters in the world．
Several plane__________ (crash) took place in foreign countries 3 days ago．
As soon as the shaking ended, it was __________ (silence) around me．
The earth __________ (shake) hard and the house came down．
Some of the students __________ (mop) the water on the floor when we arrived there．
It is dangerous to use your mobile phone when __________ (drive)．
Look, there are many people __________ (dance) to the music there．
It __________ (snow) outside． Why not go to have snowball fights
I was playing computer games while my father__________ (read) newspapers．
Listen! I can hear an old woman__________ (scream) for help in the next door．
Laura __________ (learn) another language next year, isn’t she
I hope you __________ (not make) the same mistake again．
Jack said he __________ (mop) the water up at that time．
Luke spent as little time as he could __________ (play) computer games．
The house is__________ （燃烧）．Let's call 119．
二、动词填空
1．Would you please __________ (not prevent) me from becoming a member of the Birdwatching Club
2．The man rushed into the house and saved those women’s__________ ( life ) ．
3．They __________ (plan) a trip to the Yellow Mountain when the bell rang
4．The twins __________ (read) when I met them in the library
5．The brightly shining shoe made the other one __________ (look) worse
6．We should think about all we can do __________ (prevent) animals from dying out
7．When she was six months old, she __________ (begin) to eat apples．
8．Who __________ (clean) the blackboard in your class every morning
9．In the reading room, we should keep __________ (silence) instead of talking loudly
10．The TV program me was so boring and I almost fell__________ (sleep) last night
11．The little broken house looked even__________ (wet) after the heavy rain．
12．At that time, I heard nothing but my heart __________ (beat) faster and faster．
13．Luckily, I found myself still __________ (live), but I couldn’t move at all．
14．Don’t worry． The rain __________ (stop) in few hours．
15．Look！Mum is __________ (mop) the floor． Let’s go to help her．
16．I’m sorry to keep you __________ (wait) for such a long time．
17．Do you feel the earth shaking __________ (轻微)
18．People looked at each other in__________ (恐惧)．
19．It’s hard to believe that several airline __________ (灾难) happened in 2014．
20．Take it easy, man． If you still feel __________ (紧张的), take a deep breath
【2023年无锡市锡山区中考二模英语试题】
阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。（本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分）
A
Plants need certain things to live, grow and stay healthy． The following pictures will show you what they need to survive．
Plants use light to make their own food． If you leave a plant near a window, it will bend(弯曲) and grow toward the light． It tries to get as much as sunshine as possible． Plants need water to survive and stay strong． When a plant does not get enough water, its stem(茎) will become soft and hung down, and also its leaves will be weak and dry．
Plants will grow best when the temperature is just right for them． Some plants like hot weather, while others prefer cooler conditions． All plants need air． They use the gas carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) from air to make food, and they use oxygen from air to give off energy from food．
25．Which of the following environments is suitable for plants to grow
A．A planet without any water． B．A room in complete darkness．
C．A box free of carbon dioxide． D．A farm with proper temperature．
26．What can plants use air for
A．To get food from the soil． B．To save energy from food．
C．To control their temperature． D．To produce the food they need．
27．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably from
A．History Discovery． B．Language Learning． C．Biology Research． D．Science Contributions．
B
The Merlion is a mythical(神话中的) animal that is half-fish and half-lion． It stands for Singapore’s identity—its body stands for the fishing villages of Singapore’s past, while its lion head is a symbol of Singapore’s past, while its lion head is a symbol of Singapore’s (“lion city” in Sanskrit)． It was built by craftsman Lim Nang Seng． Unveiled(揭幕) by Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew in 1972, the statue was first placed at the mouth of the Singapore River but now stands overlooking the bay at Merlion Park．
Gardens by the Bay is a 100-hectare(公顷) nature park in Singapore that aims to create a “City in a Garden” and improve air quality． It attracts around 50 million visitors per year and has three main gardens: Central, East and South． The South Garden has the most attractions． Supertree Grove is one of the most famous attractions among them． There are 18 tree-like installations(装置) that reach up to 50 meters off the ground and are made out of reinforced concrete(钢筋混凝土) and plants． The free evening light show is well worth watching．
The Helix Bridge is a pedestrian(人行的) bridge in Singapore that was built in 2010． It’s the longest one there and connects Marina Center to the Bayfront． The bridge is shaped like a double helix(螺旋) DNA, which stands for “life and continuity, renewal(更新) and growth”． If you’re into science, you might notice pairs of letters “c” and “g”, as well as “a” and “t” on the bridge—these stand for the four bases of DNA．
28．What does the fish body of the Merlion stand for
A．The well-developed fishing industry in Singapore．
B．The fishing villages of Singapore’s past．
C．The achievement of Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew．
D．The sincere wish of a good future for the nation．
29．Why were the Gardens by the Bay built
A．To create shadows． B．To work as lighting installations．
C．To make the environment better． D．To attract visitors．
30．What are the relations between the Helix Bridge and DNA
①The bridge shares a similar shape with a double helix DNA．
②The letters people can find on the bridge stand for the bases of DNA．
③The bridge was built to memorize the finding of DNA．
④The symbolic meaning of the bridge is similar to DNA．
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
五、动词填空（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）
46．Recently, more and more people________ (realize) that clear waters and green mountains are the same valuable as mountains of gold and silver．
47．—Oh, Tonny! I haven’t seen you for a long time．
—I came back few days ago． I ________ (teach) children in North-west China for a year．
48．— Have you found any useful clues, sir
— We __________(work) on it． There’s nothing much I can say at the moment．
49．What we learn at school _________ (not be) enough for life． We should keep learning all our life．
50． As soon as Eddie finishes the job, he ________________ (allow) to have two weeks off．
51． —When did you lose your purse
—I’m not sure． Maybe yesterday afternoon when ________ (run) after my pet．
52．The plan they paid much attention to ________ (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting．
53．—How was your trip during the May Day holiday
—Can’t be worse． We were forced ________ (cut) our journey short because of too many people．
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）
五、选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。
long; invent; depend on; at the end of; make a speech; put up; play chess; hand out; the pride of; pay attention to
56． Fresh water is important． Life on Earth __________ it．
57． The Yellow River is China’ s second __________ river after the Yangtze．
58． The exchange students from Australia will arrive __________ June．
59． Simon always stays up late． Doctor Ma advises him __________ his health．
60． These volunteers __________ the tent already． Let’ s say thanks to them．
61． —Sandy, where is Millie
—She __________ new books in the classroom．
62． Tomorrow I’ll visit my grandparents． I __________ with my grandpa．
63． How great these Chinese astronauts are! They are __________ our country．
64． Professor Wang __________ on teenage problems to us at 2 yesterday afternoon．
65． Papermaking is one of the four great __________ from ancient China．
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China． Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and l___61___ canals． Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___62___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal．
The museum o___63___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021． It covers an area of some 80,000 square meters． It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___64___ of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower．
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）． They are telling the h___65___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal． These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w___66___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control． The 25．7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___67___ by many as the “treasure of the museum”．
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___68___ people changed nature．
Passing t___69___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties．
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____70____ which are themed on the Grand Canal in China． Why not come and visit it yourself
参考答案
Unit 7重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）5．C
【解析】句意：温馨提示：为了自身安全，夏天下雨天最好不要站在大树下。
考查形容词辨析和常识。sunny晴朗的；cloudy多云的；rainy下雨的；foggy多雾的。根据“we’d better not stand under big trees on．．．days in summer”和常识可知，夏天下雨天最好不要站在大树下，故选C。
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）3． C
【解析】句意：——好消息！神舟十四号载人飞船已经成功发射到太空。——这听起来令人兴奋和鼓舞！考查动词辨析。turns转变；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来；smells闻起来。根据“Good news! The Shenzhou XIV manned spacecraft has been sent into space successfully”可知是这个消息听起来很令人兴奋。故选C。
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）6． B
【解析】考查系动词的词义辨析。这句话意思是：爸爸，晚饭要吃什么？这闻起来好香啊？
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）73．In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees．
【解析】句子是陈述句，是一般现在时。表达“在秋天”用介词短语“in autumn”，是时间状语，放在句首。主语是“树叶”是复数概念，用复数名词“leaves”。表达“变”，用系动词“turn”。表达“黄”用形容词“yellow”作表语。表达“落下”用动词短语“fall off”，表达“树”用名词“trees”作宾语。用连词“and”连接动词形成并列结构。故填In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees．
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）74．When others speak, the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully．
【解析】句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时；句子是when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语是others“其他人”，谓语动词用原形speak“说话”；足够……去做某事：adj． enough to do sth．；主句主语是the nurse，be动词用is；耐心的：patient；听：listen，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填When others speak, the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully．
1． is snowing 2． making 3． Keep 4． to help 5． were 6．rises
7． not to leave 8． didn't win 9． will forget 10． Stay
二、根据所提供的单词或汉语提示完成下列句子
1．everywhere 2．dropped 3．loudly 4．sudden 5．blowing
6．land 7．snowmen 8．deeply 9．covered 10．shinny
Unit8重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）1．B
【解析】句意：我们在乡间小路上慢跑时，突然刮起了暴风雨，于是我们往回走。
考查时态。根据“when a sudden storm hit”可知是当暴风雨时，正在慢跑，用过去进行时was/were doing。故选B。
（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）6．C
【解析】句意：既然你解不出这道题，也许你需要向你的同学求助。
考查连词辨析。Unless除非；Though尽管；Since既然，由于；Whether是否。“you can’t work out the problem”是向同学求助的原因，用Since引导原因状语从句。故选C。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）14．B
【解析】句意：——彼得，你昨晚这个时候在做什么？——我在和我的祖父下棋。
考查动词时态。根据“at this time last night”可知，此处指过去的某一时刻正在做的事情，应为过去进行时。故选B。
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）9．C
【解析】句意：——Andy，昨天下午这个时候你在干什么？——我跟我的妹妹正在看电影《长津湖》。
考查动词时态。根据问句“were you doing”可知，答语也用过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，故选C。
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）7．D
【解析】句意：虽然比赛走向了一个意想不到的方向，但我相信我们队最终会赢。
考查名词辨析。instruction指导；introduction介绍；position位置；direction方向。根据“Although the match is moving in an unexpected．．．, our team will win finally, I believe．”可知，此处指的是比赛的走向，direction“方向”符合题意，故选D。
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）51．
51．was helping
【解析】句意：---为什么你那时候不回复我的微信？ ---对不起，我当时正在帮助我的邻居照顾她的小孩。
考查过去进行时这个时态的语境题。表示过去某个时候正在做某事。
一、根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上卞文，写出空缺处斧单词的正确形式。
1． village 2． headache 3．eighties 4． alive 5．trapped
6． terrible 7．weekdays 8． wetter 9． broke 10．flood
二、完成句子
1．came from behind and I nearly fell over
2．calmed down after listening to
3．get help from all directioms
4．Broke down on the way
5．Was your mother making the pancake
6．May sometimes cause a natural disaster
7．Were asking my mother if she heard a shout
8．Finally,they found their way out
U7-U8核心语法讲解
一、单词拼写
excited；more strongly；herself；alive；hearing；was reading；is going to learn；was mopping；playing；natural；crashes；silent；shook；were mopping；driving；dancing；is snowing；was reading；screaming；is going to learn；won't make；was mopping；playing；burning
二、动词填空
not prevent；lives；were planning;was reading;look;to prevent;began;cleans;silent;asleep;wetter;
was beating;alive;will stop;mopping;waiting;slightly;fear;disasters;nervous
【答案】25． D 26． D 27． C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物生长所需因素。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Plants will grow best when the temperature is just right for them．”可知，温度适宜的农田适合植物生长。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They use the gas carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) from air to make food”可知，植物利用空气中的二氧化碳生产自己所需的食物。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了植物的生长因素，故文章可能来自“生物学研究”。故选C。
【答案】28． B 29． C 30． B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新加坡的几个景点。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“its body stands for the fishing villages of Singapore’s past”可知，它的身体代表着新加坡过去的渔村，故填B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Gardens by the Bay is a 100-hectare(公顷) nature park in Singapore that aims to create a ‘City in a Garden’ and improve air quality．”可知，滨海湾花园是新加坡一个占地100公顷的自然公园，旨在创造一个“花园中的城市”，并改善空气质量。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The bridge is shaped like a double helix(螺旋) DNA, which stands for ‘life’ and continuity, renewal(更新) and growth． If you’re into science, you might notice pairs of letters c’ and ‘g’, as well as ‘a’ and ‘t’ on the bridge—these stand for the four bases of DNA．”可知，这座桥的形状像一个双螺旋DNA，代表着“生命和延续，更新和成长”。如果你对科学感兴趣，你可能会注意到成对的字母“c”和“g”，以及桥上的“a”和“t”——这些代表DNA的四个碱基。故选B。
五、动词填空（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）
46．have realized
【解析】句意：近来，越来越多的人已经意识到，绿水青山与金山银山一样珍贵。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语。由句中“Recently”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语more and more people为复数，故应用助动词have。故填have realized。
47．taught
【解析】句意：——哦，托尼！我很久没见到你了。——我几天前回来的。我在中国西北教过一年的孩子。teach“教”，动词。此处是指之前在西北教过一年的孩子，应用一般过去时。故填taught。
48．are working
【解析】句意：——先生，你找到什么有用的线索了吗？ ——我们正在努力。目前我没什么可透露的。
空格处所给参考单词为work。根据语境可知，此处说的是我们正在努力查找线索，故句子应用现在进行时，故答案为are working。
49．isn’t
【解析】句意：我们在学校学到的东西不够用。我们应该终身学习。句子是一般现在时，主语“What we learn at school”看成单数，be动词用is，否定在其后加not，缩写为isn’t，故填isn’t。
50．will be allowed
【解析】句意：Eddie一完成工作，他将被允许休息两周。此题考查一般将来时的被动，根据句意，故填will be allowed。
51．running
【解析】句意：——你什么时候丢的钱包？——我不确定。也许昨天下午跟着我的宠物跑的时候。根据问句“When did you lose your purse ”可知，齐全的答句应是：Maybe I lost my purse yesterday afternoon when I was running after my pet。该句含有when引导的时间状语从句，主句用的过去时，从句用过去进行时表示那时正在做的事情。主从句主语一致，可省略从句的主语和be动词，即省略“I was”，故填running。
52．will be discussed
【解析】句意：明天的会议上将会讨论他们非常关注的那项计划。根据“The plan they paid much attention to．．．(discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting．”可知，主语The plan和动词discuss“讨论”之间存在被动关系，且句子的时态是一般将来时，所以句子应用一般将来时的被动语态，可用谓语结构will be done，discuss的过去分词是discussed。故填will be discussed。
53．to cut
【解析】句意：——五一假期你的旅行怎么样？——再糟糕不过了。由于人太多，我们被迫缩短行程。根据语境和提示词汇可知，be forced to do sth表示“被迫做某事”，空处需填“to+动词原形”，cut“削减”，动词。故填to cut。
56． depends on 57． longest 58． at the end of 59． to pay attention to
60． have put up 61． is handing out 62．will play chess##am going to play chess
63． the pride of 64． was making a speech 65．inventions
【解析】
【56题详解】
句意：淡水很重要。地球上的生命依赖于它。根据“Life on Earth．．．it．”可知地球上的生命依赖于淡水。depend on“依赖”符合语境；本句陈述一般事实，需用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，动词需用三单形式。故填depends on。
【57题详解】
句意：黄河是中国第二大河，仅次于长江。根据“The Yellow River is China’ s second．．．river after the Yangtze．”和常识可知黄河是第二长河，空处需用最高级longest表示“最长的”。故填longest。
【58题详解】
句意：来自澳大利亚的交换学生将在六月底到达。根据“The exchange students from Australia will arrive ．．．June．”可知此处at the end of“在……的结尾”符合语境，表示在六月底。故填at the end of。
【59题详解】
句意：西蒙总是熬夜。马医生建议他注意健康。根据“Simon always stays up late．”可知要注意健康。pay attention to“注意”符合语境；advise sb to do sth表示“建议某人做某事”。故填to pay attention to。
【60题详解】
句意：这些志愿者已经搭起了帐篷。让我们对他们说声谢谢。根据“the tent”可知是搭帐篷。put up表示“搭建”；根据“already”可知本句是现在完成时(have/has done)，主语是复数，助动词用have，put的过去分词还是put。故填have put up。
【61题详解】
句意：——桑迪，米莉在哪儿？——她正在教室里分发新书。根据“new books in the classroom．”可知在教室分发书。hand out“分发”符合语境。结合“where is Millie ”可知米莉正在发书，需用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故填is handing out。
【62题详解】
句意：明天我要去看望我的祖父母。我将和爷爷下棋。根据“Tomorrow I’ll visit my grandparents．”可知本句是一般将来时(will do或be going to do)；再根据“with my grandpa．”可知是和爷爷下棋。故填will/am going to play chess。
【63题详解】
句意：这些中国宇航员多么了不起！他们是我们国家的骄傲。根据“How great these Chinese astronauts are!”可知是国家的骄傲。the pride of“……的骄傲”。故填the pride of。
【64题详解】
句意：昨天下午两点，王教授正在给我们做一个关于青少年问题的报告。根据“at 2 yesterday afternoon．”可知本句是过去进行时(was/were doing)；结合“Professor Wang”可知是作报告。make a speech“作演讲”符合语境。主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was making a speech。
【65题详解】
句意：造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一。根据“Papermaking is one of the four great．．．from ancient China．”和常识可知造纸术是四大发明之一。invention“发明”；one of+最高级+名词复数表示“……中最……之一”。故填inventions。
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
61．(l)ongest 62．(c)ities 63．(o)pened 64．(s)hape 65．(h)istory 66．(w)hile
67．(c)onsidered 68．(h)ow 69．(t)hrough 70．(m)useums
【解析】本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【61题详解】
句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“oldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“longest”。故填(l)ongest。
【62题详解】
句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河的岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“one of 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhou”，“in Jiangsu province”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。
【63题详解】
句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its doors to the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“opened”。故填(o)pened。
【64题详解】
句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“of a giant ship waiting to set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape of”。故填(s)hape。
【65题详解】
句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“history”。故填(h)istory。
【66题详解】
句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions．．．they continue to be used for transport, irrigation and flood control．”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。
【67题详解】
句意：长25．7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be considered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)onsidered。
【68题详解】
句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“people changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“how”引导从句。故填(h)ow。
【69题详解】
句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibition hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass through”。故填(t)hrough。
【70题详解】
句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed on the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。