专题12 八下Units 7-8（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）-中考英语一轮复习考点帮（江苏专用）（含解析）

中考英语一轮复习考点帮
专题12 八下Units 7-8
（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）
掌握7-8单元的重点单词、词组和句式以及语法，做到熟练运用。
一、词汇
1．重点单词的含义及用法：medical treatment 医学治疗；do operations on sb 给某人做手术；training centre 培训中心；on board 在飞机（船、火车）上；carry on with sth．继续做某事；hand out 分发；发出；set up 创建，建立；take the medicine 服药；operate on sb．给某人做手术；modern medicine 现代医学；have a check 检查;can’t afford to do sth．承担不起做某事；be proud to do sth．以做某事而骄傲；make up one’s mind to do sth．下定决心做某事；depend on “依赖，依靠，取决于”； luckily “幸运的是，所幸的是”；produce “制作，制造”；survey“调查”
2．易混词辨析：with one’s help 在某人的帮助下；provide sth． for sb．为某人提供某物；prevent the spread of some serious diseases 预防某些严重疾病的传播；be used as… 被用作……；in hospital和in the hospital的区别；because和because of 的区别；prevent sb from doing sth．阻止/预防某人做某事; attend courses上课；
be separated into “被分成---”；separate ．．．．．．from “把．．．．．．和．．．．．．分开；allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事；allow doing sth 允许做某事； run out和 run out of的区别；what to do with 和how to deal with的区别；be harmful to对．．．．．．有害；be harmless to对．．．．．．无害；not only．．．．．．but(also) 不仅．．．．．．而且．．．．．．；as a result和as a result of 的区别；make a difference to “对．．．．．．产生影响”
二、句型
1．You have some pocket moneyleft．
2．It provides basic education for children in poor areas．
3．Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital…
4．During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on．
5．I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives．
6． so she made up his mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work．
7．Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor , and others are sent to factories
for recycling．
8．For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees．
9．We depend on its rich resources to live ,so it is important for us to protect it wisely．
10．Luckily, we are starting to use the energy from the sun,wind, and water．
11．What do they do with old clothes
12．Coal, oil and natural gas is not only useful for families, but have a wider use for factories．
13．As a result, it is very important for us to use them wise．
14．Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth．．．．．．
三、重点语法
Unit7 Unit8
被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时 被动语态的一般将来时
被动语态的构成：be done 被动语态的基本用法 被动语态的特殊用法：主动形式表示被动含义 哪些动词或者词组没有被动语态 被动语态的将来时结构： will be done或者be going to be done
Unit 7重点词汇和句型
1、You have some pocket moneyleft．
left 此处是leave 的过去分词，意思是“剩余的”。
例如： At the end of the party, we had some food left．
ORBIS (国际奥比斯组织)
Oxfam (<英>牛津饥荒救济委员会/乐施会)
UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund 联合国儿童基金会)
WWF(World Wildlife Fund 世界野生动物基金)
3、It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world．(P93)
help sb． (to) do sth．“帮助某人做某事”；help sb． with sth．“帮助某人某事”。
especially adv． “尤其，特别”
例如：I am especially busy on this weekends．
4、It provides basic education for children in poor areas． (P93)
1． basic adj． “基础的，基本的”。
2． education 不可数名词 “教育”。
5、It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS, among young people．
spread v． “扩散；分布；展开”。
例如：We must prevent the spread of this kind of illness．
拓展：spread (spread spread) 既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，意思是“展开；传播；散布”。
例如：He spread the map．
The news was spread quickly．
6、Dr Ma, please tell us something about blindness．
blindness 不可数名词 “失明”
例如：Don’t give up your dream because of your blindness．
拓展：blindness 是形容词blind+后缀-ness构成的名词，类似的还有：
kindness 和蔼 illness 疾病 happiness 快乐 richness 富有 sadness 悲伤
7、The plane is also used as a training centre．
be used as … “被用作……．．”．
例如：English is used as a second language in many countries．
8、Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital…
1．afford 及物动词 “买得起；能做；承担得起”，后面接名词、代词或动词不定式做宾语。
例如：The house is so expensive that I can’t afford it．
She can’t afford to pay for her daughter’s education．
2． go to hospital 去看病
go to the hospital 去医院（看病人或做其他事）
9、Also, local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations．
on board “在飞机（船、火车）上”
例如：When you are on board, you should turn off your mobile phone．
10、During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on．
1． patient 在句中用作可数名词，“病人，患者”
例如：These patients are waiting for the doctor to come．
2 operate 不及物动词，“开刀，做手术”， operate on sb．“给某人做手术”
例如：The doctor is operating on him．
11、I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives．
proud adj． “自豪的，骄傲的”。常见的短语：be proud of… “为……．．而自豪”
例如：They are proud of their son．
拓展：take pride in…与be proud of …同义 “为……．．而自豪”
例如：Do you take pride in your job
12、Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured． (P95)
1．medicine 用作不可数名词，“医学；药”。“服药；吃药；喝药” take the medicine表示
例如：Chinese medicine is very popular in western countries now．
You must take the medicine three times a day．
2． develop 可用作及物动词或不及物动词，“发展；加强”。
拓展：development 可用作可数名词或不可数名词，“发展；进展；发达；发育”；
developing “发展中的”，developed “发达的”。
3． treat 及物动词，“治疗”
拓展：treat 用作及物动词，“对待；看待；把……看作”，treat…．as…”把……看作…．．”
例如：Don’t treat me as a child．
4．辨析：treat与cure
treat 宾语是人、某种疾病或发病的部位，强调治疗的过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思 The dentist is treating my teeth． 牙科医生正在给我看牙。
cure 宾语可以是人，也可以是某种疾病，强调治疗的结果，指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病 This medicine will cure your toothache． 这种药课治好你的牙疼。
一言辨义：I will try my best totreat him, but I’m not sure whether I can cure him．
13、But more money is needed tocarry on withour work．
carry on with sth． “继续做某事”，相当于carry on doing sth．, go on doing sth．或continue doing sth．
例如：Let’s carry on with the work．
14、…so she made up his mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work．
1． make up one’s mind to do sth． “决定做某事”=decide to do sth．
例如：He made up his mind to return to his hometown．
2．attend 及物动词，“上（学）；去（教堂）”，还可以是“参加；出席；到场”
例如：Children between 5 and 16 must attend school．
He was ill, so he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday．
15、India印度
India 名词，“印度”；Indian “印度的；印度人的”
例如：He is from India, and he is an Indian．
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）59．The charity is trying to help those who can’t __________ (have enough money to pay for something) medical treatment．
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）6．The summer vacation is coming． Don’t swim in the lake, ________ when you are alone．
A．probably B．possibly C．especially D．exactly
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）12．Sand turns to glass when it ________ by lightning．
A．hits B．is hit C．is hitting D．will be hit
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）47．This T-shirt __________ (make) of silk and it feels very smooth．
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）4．Most neighbours ________ the habit of square dancing to create a quieter environment for us．
A．get into B．care about C．carry on D．give up
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）41．Don’t give up ________ (尝试)． I’m sure you will succeed．
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）9．When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books．
A．use B．is used C．used D．was used
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）2．My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ________ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou．
A．including B．since C．except D．till
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）33．Our country has a __________ (骄傲的) record of sporting achievement．
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）12．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character． It ________ by people of all ages．
A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）13．—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday．
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests．
A．organizes B．organized C．was organized D．will be organized
（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）8． We arethat the Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world．
A． friendly B． brave C． nervous D．proud
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）12． UNICEF, part of the United Nations, ________ in Europe in 1946 after World War II．
A． set up B． was set up C． took up D．was taken up
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）64．Jiangsu automatic(自动化) test of listening and speaking _______ (hold) in April every year．
一、词汇拼写
1． The Internet makes the（传播）of information become quicker and quicker．
2． There are many beautiful flowers in our school, （尤其）in April and May．
3． Modern medicine is developing so quickly that most eye problems and diseases can be___． (make an illness go away)．
4． Dr Wang has（cut a person’s body open to take out or repair）on three people with arm problems since 6 a．m．
5． The weather suddenly became very cold, so there were many （people who are ill, especially in hospital）in that hospital．
6． As a Chinese, I am very _________(自豪的) of the prosperity(繁荣) of our motherland．
7． I haven't saved enough money, so I can't ______________ to go abroad this summer．
8． She had a_________ (检查) on the guest list again and again to make sure of the number of people in the party．
9． Please ask the ___________ (秘书) to my office． I have something important to tell them．
10．． I think everyone should have the right to receive good (教育)．
11． Please pass me the _________ (采访者) names to me ．I want to know about them．
12． Chinese people hope to get better _____________ (医疗的) treatment in the near future．
13．Many children can’t go to school, __________(mainly )in mountain areas ．
14． The course covers many topics, ____________ the knowledge of English grammar．(包括)
15． Thank you for ________ （动手术）on them on the phone．
16． Most _______ （illness）can be cured by those doctors．
17、The doctors didn’t know what caused the old man’s （失明）．
18． He says his country wants to ________________ (发展) its friendship with China．
19． In some countries, black people don’t have the same　　　　　 (权利) as whites．
20． We should treat everyone _______．(平等地)
21． I love Yangzhou, ____________(尤其是) in spring．
22． Someone has left a window open____________(粗心大意)．
23． All the kids were surprised when they heard that a cow has four __________ ． (胃)
24． How long have you ____________(借) the book
25． He is patient enough to ___________(解释)the thing to us．
26． They have just had a ______________(discuss) about where to spend their holidays．
27． When the guest entered the hall, Mrs Smith stood up and greeted him ________ (polite)．
28． He was so tired out that he found himself ________（able）to move out of the hotel．
29． Living together with my friends was a great __________ ．(pleasant)
30． Some husbands care less about their ______ (wife) feelings and seldom help them do housework．
二、动词填空
1． The 29th Olympics __________in Beijing next year． ( will hold )
2． I think he __________ this work tomorrow morning． ( finish )
3．This building _________in zoo． ( build )
4． Do you know who ___________the telephone ( invent )
5．They told me __________earlier tomorrow． ( come )
6．The boy is often seen __________ baseball by us． ( play )
7． Look! The students ___________ the street． ( cross )
8． Listen! A girl is heard __________ in the next room． ( sing )
Unit8重点词汇和句型
In Switzerland,things like glass,plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled．
be separated into 意为“被分成---”；separate ．．．．．．from 意为“把．．．．．．和．．．．．．分开/分离”
例如：My mother is separating the good apples from the bad ones．
Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given tothe poor , and others are sent to factories for recycling．
send sth to sb=send sb sth 意为“把某物寄/送给某人”
例如：He sent a present to her yesterday=He sent her a present yesterday．
3、For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees．（P108）
① example “例子，榜样，模范”；for example “例如”，give a good example to others为别人树立好榜样。
② allow 意为“允许”，allow sb to do sth: 允许某人做某事；allow doing sth : 允许做某事
例如：They don't allow students to wear earrings．
He doesn't allow fishing here．
cut down“砍伐，砍倒，缩短” cut off 切除，割掉，剪下 cut out 裁剪 cut up 切碎
4、We depend on its rich resources to live ,so it is important for us to protect it wisely．
depend on 意为“依赖，依靠，取决于”
例如：All living things depend on the sun for their growth．万物生长靠太阳。
5、Luckily, we are starting to use the energy from the sun,wind, and water．
luckily 意为“幸运的是，所幸的是”，是副词，其反义词是：unluckily,意为“不幸地”；luck意为“机会，运气，机遇”是不可数名词；lucky意为“幸运的，走好运的”
例如：Luckily, the weather was not too hot．
6、These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out．
① run out表示“用完，耗尽”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间，食物，金钱等；run out of sth．表示“用完．．．．．．,耗尽．．．．．．”是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人。
例如：Eddie's food soon ran out．
Susan has run out of honey for tea．
7、Moreover, they produce little pollution．
produce 做动词，意为“制作，制造”
8、What do they do with old clothes
do with 意为“处理，处置”，常与疑问词what 连用，侧重与对某事物的利用或处置。deal with 意为“对付，处理”，多与疑问词how连用，强调处理某事物的方式、方法。
例如：What will you do with my old books
How did you deal with the problems
9、If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution．（P 114）
act 是不及物动词，意为“行动”；action 是名词，意为“行动”
例如：We must act now to protect the wildlife．
区分alive,living,live,lively
alive 活着的，作表语时，修饰人或物均可，这时可与living互换；作定语时应后置。
living 活着的，主要作前置定语，也可作表语。the living 意为“活着的人”。
live 活的；直播的；作定语一般修饰物。
lively 活泼的，生机勃勃的；既可做表语，也可做定语，修饰人或物均可。
10、Here are the results of the survey．
survey意为“调查”，是可数名词
11、Air pollution is harmful to our health．
harmful意为“有害的”，其反义词是harmless(无害的)。
be harmful to=be bad for 意为“对．．．．．．有害” be harmless to :对．．．．．．无害
例如：Watching TV too much is harmful to your eyesight．
You can eat this kind of vegetable． It's harmless．
12、Coal, oil and natural gas is not only useful for families, but have a wider use for factories．
not only．．．．．．but(also),意为“不仅．．．．．．而且．．．．．．"，它连接两个结构相似，语法功能相同的成分。该短语连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词与but also之后的主语保持一致。
例如： Not only he but also I am good at English．
13、As a result,it is very important for us to use them wise．
as a result,是副词短语，意为“结果，因此”其后接表示事情结果的句子。 as a result of 是介词短语，意为“因为，由于”，其后常接表示原因的名词、代词等，相当于 because of。
例如：Susan got up late this morning．As a result , she missed the first bus．
The poor boy was late as a result of /because of the heavy traffic jam．
14、Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth．．．．．．
step意为“步骤，措施”，是可数名词。
15、In order to save power, we should turn off the lights when we leave a room．
in order to 意为“目的是，为了”，其后接动词原形。in order to 常与so that 或不定式进行同义句转换。
例如: Linda arrived early in order to get a good seat．
=Linda arrived early so that she could get a good seat．
=To get a good seat, Linda arrived early．
16、Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth．
make a difference to 意为“对．．．．．．产生影响”
例如：working hard could make a big difference to our lives．
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）54．幸运的是，这场大火被及时扑灭了。
_______________________________________________________
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）5． To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year．
A． plant B． will plant C． are planted D．will be planted
（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）9．The wind energy costs very little and will never ________． Besides, it produces little pollution．
A．blow out B．run out C．put out D．break out
（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）12．The energy from the sun and the wind costs little and will never ________．
A．turn out B．put out C．cut out D．run out
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）35．It’s necessary for teenagers to learn how to spend their pocket money _________（明智地）．
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）56．Natural resources are very important for us and we should use them____________（明智地）．
（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）46．Follow these small ________, and you can make a big difference to the Earth!
一、单项选择
1． — Would you mind ______ the music a little Don’t you think it’s too loud — Sorry! I’ll do it in a minute．
A． turning on B． turning off C． turning up D．turning down
2． — How much is the ticket to Central Park — A one-way ticket _____ $40, and you can _____ another $20 for a round-trip．
A． costs, pay B． cost, spend C． pay, spend D．spends, pay
3． — Do you know why he didn't ______a word when he ______to — Because he was too nervous．
A． speak, speaks B． say, was spoken C． say, spoke D．speak, is spoken
4． The heavy snow didn’tthe international airlines
A． pay attention to B． add to C． make a difference to D．keep to
5． My parents getting up early on weekdays．
A． used to B． be used to C． was used to D．are used to
6． ----What will you do with the waste paper
---- The waste paper as well as the used books _______ to the recycling company．
A． is going to send B． are going to send C． is going to be sent D．are going to be sent
7． ----- Tom and his parents will help us work in the park．
----- That’s great． If more people take part, the park will be ________ in a shorter time ．
A． cleaned out B． cleaned down C． cleaned up D．cleaned away
8． --- China is a country with _______ resources ．--- That’s true． But China is also a country with the largest number of people ．
A． rich B． poor C． high D．low
9． ----After the sports meeting ,there are so many water bottles in the dustbin．
----So our club will start a project to collect them so that they will be _______．
A ． replied B． return C． reduce D．reused
10． -----Sir, did you see the sign “No Parking ” ----- Sorry , I didn’t know parking isn’t _________ here．
A． prevented B． refused C． allowed D．excepted
11． A report says that the world’s natural gas deposits(存储)_______ early in the next century．
A． will run out B． will be run out C． will use up D．will be cleaned up
12．Which of the following actions is NOT part of green life
A． Burning rubbish in the open air ． B． Planting trees in spring
C． Walking or riding bikes to school ． D． Taking a shopping basket when going shopping ．
13． His parents found _______ to tell him everything that had happened．
A． it necessary B． that necessary C． this necessary D．necessary
14． —Do you know if he_____ back tomorrow —Sorry, I don’t know． If he_____ back, I will tell you at once．
A． comes; comes B． comes; will come C． will come; comes D．will come; will come
15． —Let me help you carry the box, Granny．—Thank you, Li Ping． It’s very kind__________ you__________ me．
A． of; to help B． for; to help C． of; helping D．for; to helping
16． We have discussed the project for two hours ． And after a short break ,the discussion ________．
A． will carry on B． will be carried on C． has carried on D．were carried on
17． When the fire started ,Tom was ________ to help all the children out ． He is both brave and smart．
A． too calm B． calm enough C． too nervous D．nervous enough
18． ----How soon will these waste bottles be recycled ----_______．We have called the recycling company．
A． An hour ago B． In an hour C． After an hour D． For an hour
19．_____ is really hard ______ them to climb such a high mountain．
A． This; to B． It ; to C． This ; for D．It ; for
20． -----If I work hard at my lessons from now on ,can I do well in them ------ Sure ．________．
A． All rivers run into the sea ． B． Every day is not Sunday．
C． Better late than never D． Many hands make light work
二、词汇拼写
1． Drinking water with__________________（塑料）cups affects our health．
2．He worked hard and worked out a_____________________（认真的）plan for this project．
3． Living a green life can help__________________（减少）pollution．
4． Coal is________________（挖掘）up from the ground． It provides energy for us．
5． The_________（调查）is made to find out how much pressure teenagers are suffering at present．
6． What do you know about our___________________（组织）
7． John does everything______________（粗心）, so his mother is always worried about him．
8．Waste is_________________（分开）into different groups in some countries．
9．Smoking too much is_________________（有害的）to our health． Better give it up．
10．The bottom of the sea is rich in oil__________________（资源）．
11．Can you tell the ___________________ between the two pictures （different）
12． People can buy something ____________________ from a second-hand shop．（use）
13． Before you leave, make sure that all the windows__________________ (close)．
14． In order to make living areas better, more trees need ___________ (plant)
15． How boring it is _________________ (listen) to such a useless report!
16． We won’t have a clear sky if air pollution is not _________________ (limit)．
17．_______________ has been more and more popular in our daily lives．(recycle)
18．Remember to turn off the light when ______________the room．(leave)
19．Our school looks _________________with more bamboo around it．(nice)
20．I think the energy from the sun won’t _________________．(hand out)
U7-U8核心语法讲解
一、被动语态的基本结构：be+动词的过去分词
各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构如下表（以动词do为例）
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 do/does am/is/are +done
一般过去时 did was/were +done
现在完成时 have/has +done have/has +been done
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to +do will/shall/be going to +be done
二、主动语态和被动语态的转换
1．主动语态变为被动语态
①要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。
②把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。
③谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
We asked him to sing an English song．
He was asked to sing an English song by us．
主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者
被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者
2．带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态
①谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语；
②若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；
③若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to 或for；
She gave me a book． (变为被动语态)
I was given a book by her．（间接宾语me改为了主语）
A book was given to me by her．（直接宾语a book改为了主语）
3．动词短语变为被动语态
许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。
We should speak to old men politely．
Old men should be spoken to politely．
4．to的“前世今生”
在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。
eg． I often hear her sing this popular song．（主动语态）
She is often heard to sing this popular song ．（被动语态）
▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：
一感二听三使四看，主动语态to省略，被动语态to还原。 see sb do sth（主动语态）sb be seen to do（被动语态）
一感 二听 三使（使役动词） 四看
feel hear、listen to make、let、have （马兰花） see、watch、notice、observe
5．初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况
A．系动词无被动
The dish tastes delicious． The apple smells sweet．
B．某些说明名词本身性质的动词。如wash, write, sell ,read
The play reads better than it acts．
This kind of cloth washes well．(耐洗)
The pen writes smoothly写起来流利。
The book is so interesting that it sells well．
“sell”此处为不及物动词“销售起来…．．” 作及物动词为“卖、出售”）
C．Need+V-ing “需要被…．”
My car needs repairing．我的车需要修理
D． Too…to句型The box is too heavy to life．
E．不及物动词appear, disappear, fail, happen, last, remain, spread, break out, come true, take place, belong to,rise等
比较 rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen．
(对) The price has risen．
(错) The accident was happened last week．
(对) The accident happened last week．
(错) The price has raised．
(对) The price has been raised．
6．系表结构PK被动语态
有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”
eg:
（1）
（2）
一、单项选择
( )1． These children are ________ from the city．
A． mostly B． most C． mainly D．main
( )2．As a doctor ,you should be patient _______all the patients．
A． in B． with C． on D．of
( )3． —Dad， I was the first to reach the top of the hill．
—Good job, Mary． I’m _______of you．
A． afraid B． proud C． tired D．careful
( )4． We should ________good eating habits．
A． grow B． develop C． increase D．find
( )5． The government wants to _______a school for the poor children．
A． put off B． set up C． call in D．look after
( )6． Earth Day_______ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet．
A． sets up B． set up C． is set up D．was set up
( )7． Each year quite a lot of food________ around the world．
A． was wasted B． is wasted C． wasted D．will be wasted
( )8． Mum, I’m hungry now _________I didn’t have breakfast this morning．
A． because B． because of C． and D．but
( )9．—Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow
— Well, it all _________ the weather．
A． belongs to B． happens to C． depends on D．concentrates on
( )10． Yesterday I _________ all the salt to cook dumplings． I need to buy some now．
A． ate up B． run out of C． ran of D．ran out of
( )11． When will the birthday party ________, on Monday evening or Tuesday evening
A． hold B． be held C． held D．be holding
( )12． You’d better take the map with you _________ you won’t get lost．
A． as long as B． as soon as C． now that D．so that
( )13． —When should I hand in my paper —Your paper must __________ as soon as the bell ___________．
A． hand in; rings B． hand in; will ring C． be handed in; will ring D．be handed in; rings
( )14． A new English play _____ there next week．
A． will put on B． will be put on C． is going to put on D．will be putted on
( )15． — Our classroom____________ every day．
— So it is． It's our duty to keep it clean and tidy．
A． cleans B． is cleaning C． is cleaned D．cleaning
二、动词填空
1．一Sam, you (watch) TV again! Have you finished your homework
—Of course, Mum; or I won^ turn on the TV．．
2．Don’t risk (lose) your job． You know, it is not easy to find a good one now．
3．The Browns (tie) some sticks to the trees when I walked into their garden．
4．It's thousands of years since the Great Wall (build) ．How amazing!
5．一 Dear Mom, I (grow) up． Please don't treat me like a child any longer． —OK, I won’t promise．
6．As Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）develops, life (change) greatly in the future．
7．You’re not late． You’re not early． Life is about waiting for the right moment．(act) So, relax．
8．In the film Wresting Dad, father said to his daughter, “Before you (fight), you need to fight with your fear．”
三、完成句子
1．校长已经下定决心提供更多的艺术课程给学生选择。
The principalmore art lessons for students to choose from．
2．那女孩在公共场合那样表达自己是不够明智的。
It was not in that way in public．
3我表弟习惯于一个人坐火车旅行，他觉得这是一种享受。
My cousin by train and he enjoys it very much．
4．梵高作品展出两个星期了，可我还没机会去参观。
The paintings of Van Gogh for two weeks, but I didn't get a chance to go．
5．弗恩很伤心，因为几个月之后小猪威尔伯就被送到另一个农场了。
Finn was very sad because Wilbur just a few months later．
6．智慧教育工程将会对我们未来的学习产生巨大影响。
The Project Smart Education will our future study．
【2023年南京市玄武区中考一模英语试题】
一、单项选择（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．Please read the poem on the right． Which word is the most suitable for ________
A Spring Morning By Meng Haoran This spring morning in bed I’m lying, Not to awake till birds are crying． After one night of wind and ▲ , How many are the fallen flowers
A．rains B．storms C．snows D．showers
2．—Everything he does is ________ to what is considered normal．
—Although he looks a little different, he has achieved a lot in the math field．
A．similar B．relative C．opposite D．close
3．The couple who ________ presented with the award Model Couple will give a speech on their life．
A．is B．are C．have D．has
4．—________ you’re breathing! You must have run here．
—Yes． I had to run because I didn’t want to keep you waiting．
A．What heavy B．How heavy C．How heavily D．What heavily
5．—Hurry up, Jason! We’re going to the cinema, but the clothes still need ________．
—Don’t worry． I think thirty minutes ________ enough．
A．washing; are B．to wash; are C．to wash; is D．washing; is
6．________ the people locked inside, the firemen broke down the door．
A．Reach B．To reach C．Reaching D．To reaching
7．You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country ________ you go there in person．
A．because B．unless C．if D．as soon as
8．The earlier we take action to protect our environment, the ________ it will be for our future．
A．better B．best C．worse D．worst
9．— Bruce ________ so much in the past two years．
— Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active．
A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to
C．changed; used to D．has changed; is used to
10．—To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question．
—You may take ________ of the roads． But being home in the end matters．
A．neither B．either C．both D．none
11．It’s a long time! I can’t remember when this picture ________ in Xuanwu Lake Park．
A．was taken B．take C．is taken D．took
12．—What place will you suggest if I travel to your hometown
—The best-known Purple Mountain comes ________ as the first choice．
A．hardly B．patiently C．strangely D．naturally
13．The government is ________ elevators(电梯) in the old buildings of some communities so that people, especially the elderly can go up and down easily．
A．putting away B．putting out C．putting in D．putting through
14．— Could you please tell me ________ when they meet for the first time in China
— They usually shake hands．
A．what do people usually do B．what people usually do
C．where do people usually go D．where people usually go
15．—It was a fantastic trip． So, which city did you like best, Wuhan, Chengdu or Chongqing
—________． There were good things and bad things about them．
A．No problem B．It is hard to say
C．Enjoy yourself D．You must be joking
四、填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51-55 的相应位置上。
51．The new technology has helped ________ (创造) more chances for young people．
52．On Wednesday, thirteen members of a Chinese team reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, which is at a ________（高度） of 8, 848．86 meters．
53．The app about how to learn Chinese is very popular ________ the foreigners．（在……当中）
54．Everyone should take action to ________ (守卫) against the spread of the viruses．
55．My cousin is very helpful． He is willing to do something to ________(服务) others．
B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56-60的相应位置上。
56．When you see an unfamiliar word in a book do not skip over it ________ (patient)．
57．Mr Lee, ________ (not mix) your life and work together．
58．It was really generous of Mark, CEO of Facebook, ________ (donate) most of his money to charity．
59．Amazing China wins high praise from the public． I think the documentary is well worth ________ (watch)．
60．I spent one ________ (night) time making a video Mei Lanfang and His Hometown to take part in “Tell China’s Stories” competition．
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）
B
On warm winter days, Yang Liheng, 89, enjoys sitting by the window and looking through old photos． These photos bring him joy and happiness once more．
For Yang, one of the long-expected activities during the Spring Festival is to take photos with family members． On the early morning of the second day of the Chinese New Year when the whole family reunite, he would dress up and wait for the photo to be taken．
Yang became a photographer in the late 1950s． With his camera, Yang recorded the great changes of his hometown over time． “I had a painful childhood, but I got a chance to be a photographer after the founding（成立）of the People’s Republic of China．” Yang told Beijing Review． “I want to record, in the form of photographs, the local customs, the scenes and people’s brave spirit of fighting against the hard conditions here in my hometown．”
“I used to take pictures for everyone else, but seldom turned my camera at my family members,” Yang said． “My grandson gave me the idea to record the growth and development of my own family．” Taking family photos then became a tradition for Yang’s family． Though now some of his grandchildren are working and living in other cities, they try their best to return home during the Spring Festival and prepare for the special moment．
Last year was an important year for Yang Liheng． Most of his photos were displayed in Yinchuan to show the development of the area over the past sixty years．
14．What does Yang expect most during the Spring Festival
A．Wearing new clothes． B．Having a big dinner．
C．Taking a family photo． D．Visiting his relatives．
15．What does the underlined word “reunite” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Get separated． B．Get much wealthier． C．Get improved． D．Get together again．
16．What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A．When Yang was interviewed． B．Where Yang learnt to take photos．
C．Why Yang had a painful childhood． D．What Yang recorded with his camera．
17．What do we know about Yang’s family
A．It is full of love． B．It is full of mysteries．
C．It is a rich family． D．It is having a hard time．
D
When I was little, I was really little． But my dream was big． I dreamed of being a basketball player． I tried out for the teams at school, but I was never given a chance．
As I got older, I did grow a little bigger, but not a lot bigger． On my 12th birthday, I decided to try a new sport: running． I told Grandpa． “I’m going to be an athlete．”
“Dave．” Grandpa began gently, “if you can’t be big, you can do something big．”
I ran 12 miles on my 12th birthday． On my 13th birthday, I did it again, but I added an extra mile． On my 14th birthday, I ran 14 miles． 15 on my 15th, 16 on my 16th, and you guessed it—17 miles on my 17th birthday．
All this running inspired（激发）another big dream． Someday, I’d run the Boston Marathon（波士顿马拉松赛）． I told Grandpa about my decision．
“But, Dave, you haven’t trained for the marathon． Are you sure you’re ready ” Grandpa asked． But he still promised to walk over and cheer me on．
I ran fast that day, But I fell at Mile 18 and was driven to the hospital． Later that night, I called Grandpa and told him I failed．
“No,” he said calmly, “you didn’t fail． You discovered something．”
“I did ” I asked．
“Yes, you discovered that big dreams don’t just come true． They take work． If you train and work hard, I promise to wait for you next year and cheer you on．”
I trained every day, running miles and miles． Sadly, just two months into my training, Grandpa died． He wouldn’t be waiting for my second Boston Marathon． I decided I’d run for him．
That day, I ran fast． “Keep going! You can do it!” His words filled my head as I forced my legs to make each painful step． As I crossed the finish line, I threw my arms in the air and cried, “Grandpa, we did it!”
22．Why did Dave fail to join the school basketball team
A．He couldn’t run fast． B．He didn’t work hard．
C．He was not tall enough． D．He wasn’t a quick learner．
23．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph A refer to
A．Adding an extra mile． B．Running on his birthday．
C．Training for the marathon． D．Trying out for the basketball team．
24．Which of the following words best describes Grandpa
A．Creative． B．Modest． C．Generous． D．Encouraging．
25．What is the best title for the text
A．Dream Big B．The Boston Marathon
C．Think Twice D．The Story of Grandpa
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
46．Let me repeat ________ what he just said．（exact）
47．Excuse me, what problems are we really ________ to solve （try）
48．A ________ competitive spirit can push people to try to be better．（health）
49．After a night’s rain, the mountains are much greener and the air is much ________．（fresh）
50．Working as a team means celebrating ________ and facing losses together．（victory）
51．Life is like a box of ________．You never know what you’re gonna get．（巧克力）
52．The Communist Party of China is now leading the nation toward building a great ________ socialist country．（现代的）
53． ________ minutes after she left, it started to snow heavily．（三十）
54．If we drop litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ by the police．（罚款）
55．Mum joined our little group and introduced ________ to our new friends．（她自己）
参考答案
Unit 7重点词汇和句型
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）59．afford
【解析】句意：该慈善机构正在努力帮助那些负担不起医疗费用的人。根据英文提示“have enough money to pay for something”可知，此处的父母希望他在选择工作时能听从自己的心意。choose“选择”，时态是一般现在时，主语是he，动词用三单，故填chooses。
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）6．C
【解析】句意：暑假快来了。不要在湖里游泳，尤其是一个人的时候。
考查副词辨析。probably可能；possibly可能；especially尤其；exactly确切地。根据“Don’t swim in the lake, ．．．when you are alone．”可知，不要在湖里游泳，尤其是独自去。故选C。
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）12．B
【解析】句意：沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。
考查语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）47．is made
【解析】句意：这件T恤是丝绸做的，摸起来很光滑。make“制作”，动词。be made of“由……制成”，固定短语。本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故用be动词is。故填is made。
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）4．D
【解析】句意：为了给我们创造一个更安静的环境，大多数邻居都放弃了跳广场舞的习惯。
考查动词短语辨析。get into陷入；care about关心；carry on继续；give up放弃。根据“Most neighbours．．．the habit of square dancing to create a quieter environment for us．”可知，创造更安静的环境，所以是放弃跳广场舞，故选D。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）41．trying
【解析】句意：不要放弃尝试。我相信你会成功的。try“尝试”，动词。give up doing sth．“放弃做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填trying。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）9．D
【解析】句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买漫画书。
考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语pocket money和动词use之间是被动关系，结合“When I was a pupil”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）2．C
【解析】句意：除了去年，我父亲每年春节都回南京过年，因为他在常州工作很忙。
考查介词辨析。including包括；since自……以后；except除了；till直到。根据“My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year … last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou”可知，每年春节都回南京过年，除了去年，故选C。
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）33．proud
【解析】句意：我国在体育运动方面取得了骄人的成绩。修饰名词record用形容词proud“骄傲的”。故填proud。
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）12．A
【解析】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）13．C
【解析】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last Sunday”可知是过去的事，是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“a forest clean-up activity”，和动词之间是被动关系，表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“was organized”。故选C。
（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）8．D
【解析】考查形容词的词义辨析。这句话的意思是“我们感到自豪伟大的长城是世界奇迹之一。”
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）12．B
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。这个机构是1946年被建造的，属于过去发生的事情，所以用was set up．
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）64．is held
【解析】句意：听说江苏省自动化考试在每年的4月举行。主语是动作的承受者，结合“every year”可知，是一般现在时的被动语态，故填is held。
一、词汇拼写
1． spread 2． especially 3． cured 4． operated 5． patients 6． proud 7． afford 8． check 9． secretary 10． education 11． interviewer 12． medical 13． mostly 14． including 15． operating 16． diseases 17． blindness 18． develop 19． right 20． equally 21．especially 22．carelessly 23．stomachs 24．kept 25．explain 26．discussion 27．politely 28．unable 29．pleasure 30．wives’
二、动词填空
will be held 2．will / can finish3．was built 4．invented 5．to come 6．to play 7．are crossing 8． singing
Unit8重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）54．Luckily, the fire was put out in time．
【解析】修饰整个句子用副词luckily“幸运的是”；主语the fire和谓语put out之间是被动关系，由语境可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was；及时：in time。故填Luckily, the fire was put out in time．
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）5．D
【解析】句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。
考查一般将来时被动语态。主语more trees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合next year可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选D。
（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）9．B
【解析】句意：风能花费很少并永远不会被用光。除此之外，它产生很少的污染。
考查动词短语辨析。blow out吹灭；run out用光；put out扑灭；break out爆发。根据“The wind energy costs very little and will never．．．”可知风能应是用之不竭的。故选B。
（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）12．D
【解析】句意：来自太阳和风能的能源成本很低，而且永远不会耗尽。
考查动词短语。turn out结果是；put out扑灭；cut out切断；run out用完，耗尽。根据“The energy from the sun and the wind”可知，此处指风能和太阳能永远不会耗尽。故选D。
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）35．wisely
【解析】句意：青少年有必要学习如何明智地使用他们的零花钱。wisely“明智地”，在句中修饰动词，故填wisely。
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）56．wisely
【解析】句意：自然资源对我们很重要，我们应该明智地利用它们。由中文提示可知，英语中“明智地”是wisely，是一个副词，在句中修饰动词use，故填wisely。
（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）46．steps
【解析】句意：按照这些小步骤，您可以为地球带来巨大的改变！“these”后跟名词复数，备选词steps“步骤”符合语境。故填steps。
一、单项选择
【答案】1～5 DABCD 6~~10 CCADC 11~~15 AAACA 16~~20 BDBDC
二、词汇拼写
1． plastic 2． serious 3． reduce 4． dug 5． survey 6． organization 7．carelessly 8．．separated
9． harmful 10． resources 11．difference(s) 12．useful 13．are closed 14．planting/to be planted
15．to listen 16．limited 17．Recycling 18．leaving 19．nicer 20．run out
U7-U8核心语法讲解
一、单项选择
【答案】ABBBB DBACD BDDBC
二、动词填空
【答案】are watching; losing; were tying; was built; have grown; will change; to act; fight
三、完成句子
has made his mind to provide wise to express herself is used to travelling
has been on display/show would be sent to another farm make a great difference to
一、单项选择（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
1．D
【解析】句意：请读右边的诗。哪个词最适合？
考查诗歌押韵。rains雨；storms风暴；snows雪；showers阵雨。根据诗歌末尾单词押韵的原则，lying和crying押韵；showers和flowers押韵。故选D。
2．C
【解析】句意：——他做的每一件事都是与正常情况相反的。——虽然他看起来有点不同，但他在数学领域取得了很多成就。
考查形容词辨析。similar相似的；relative相对的；opposite相反的；close近的。根据“—Although he looks a little different”可知与别人不同，做的事情与正常情况相反。故选C。
3．A
【解析】句意：被授予模范夫妻奖的夫妇将发表关于他们生活的演讲。
考查主谓一致。根据“The couple．．．presented with the award Model Couple”可知，be presented with“被授予”，且此处的couple需看成一个整体。故选A。
4．C
【解析】句意：——你的呼吸多么沉重啊！你一定是跑到这儿来的。——是的。我不得不跑，因为我不想让你久等。
考查感叹句。根据“．．． you’re breathing!”可知用副词heavily修饰动词breathing，此处用“How+副词+主谓”结构。故选C。
5．D
【解析】句意：——快点，杰森！我们要去看电影，但衣服还需要洗。——不要担心。我想30分钟就够了。
考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。need doing sth“需要被做”，排除BC；第二处“thirty minutes”是一个时间整体，be动词用is。故选D。
6．B
【解析】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“the people locked inside”的目的是“the firemen broke down the door”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。
7．B
【解析】句意：除非你亲自去那里，否则你不会完全体验外国的文化。
考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非，如果……不……；if如果；as soon as一……就。结合句意可知，“you go there in person”是“You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
8．A
【解析】句意：我们越早采取行动保护环境，对我们的未来就越好。
考查比较级结构。better更好的；best最好的；worse更差的；worst最差的；结合“The earlier．．．the．．．”可知，此处是“The+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，结合“we take action to protect our environment”可知，越早采取行动越好，故选A。
9．A
【解析】句意：——布鲁斯在过去的两年中变化很大。——是的，他以前很害羞，但现在他很自信和积极。
考查时态。第一处根据“in the past two years”可知，用现在完成时，排除BC；第二处根据“but now he is confident and active”可知，强调与现在的对比，用used to be结构，是一般过去时。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，不符合语境。故选A。
10．B
【解析】句意：——毕业后出国还是不出国，这是个问题。——你可以走这两条路中的任何一条。但最终能回家还是很重要的。
考查代词辨析。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；both两者都；none三者或三者以上都不。根据“But being home in the end matters．”可知，此处是指走哪条路都可以，用either表示“两者中的任何一个”。故选B。
11．A
【解析】句意：时间很长了！我不记得这张照片是什么时候在玄武湖公园拍摄的。
考查被动语态。主语this picture和谓语take之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选A。
12．D
【解析】句意：—— 如果我去你的家乡旅行，你建议我去什么地方？—— 最著名的紫金山自然是首选。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；patiently耐心地；strangely奇怪地；naturally自然地。根据“The best-known Purple Mountain comes．．．as the first choice．”可知，紫金山自然是首选，故选D。
13．C
【解析】句意：政府正在一些社区的老建筑中安装电梯，以便人们，特别是老年人可以轻松上下。
考查动词短语。putting away收起来放好；putting out扑灭；putting in安装；putting through接通。根据“so that people, especially the elderly can go up and down easily．”可知是为了方便老人上下楼，所以政府给老建筑安装电梯，故选C。
14．B
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我人们在中国第一次见面时通常会做什么吗？——他们通常握手。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“They usually shake hands”可知上文询问第一次见面做什么，用what引导宾语从句。故选B。
15．B
【解析】句意：——这是一次美妙的旅行。那么，你最喜欢哪个城市，武汉，成都还是重庆？——很难说。他们都有好的一面，也有不好的一面。
考查情景交际。No problem．没问题；It is hard to say．很难说；Enjoy yourself．玩得开心；You must be joking．你一定是在开玩笑吧。根据答语中“There were good things and bad things about them”可知，说话人很难从三个城市中做出选择。故选B。
四、填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
51．create##to create
【解析】句意：新技术帮助年轻人创造了更多的机会。help (to) do sth．“帮助做某事”，动词短语，可知空格处用动词原形或不定式，create“创造，动词”符合句意。故填create/to create。
52．height
【解析】句意：周三，13名中国队员登上海拔8848．86米的珠穆朗玛峰。根据汉语提示可知，高度：height，名词，at a height of表示“在……的高度”。故填height。
53．among
【解析】句意：这个关于如何学习汉语的应用程序在外国人中很受欢迎。分析“The app about how to learn Chinese is very popular…the foreigners．”可知，此处表示“在（三者及以上）之间”，用among表示，故填among。
54．guard
【解析】句意：每个人都应该采取行动防止病毒的传播。根据汉语提示可知，guard“守卫”，空前to为不定式符号，使用动词原形。故填guard。
55．serve
【解析】句意：我表弟很乐于助人。他愿意做些事为别人服务。根据中文提示可得动词serve，且位于动词不定式作目的状语结构中，故serve应用原形。故填serve。
B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56-60的相应位置上。
56．impatiently
【解析】句意：当你在书中看到一个不熟悉的单词时，不要不耐烦地跳过它。根据“When you see an unfamiliar word in a book”可知是遇到不熟悉的单词不要不耐烦地跳过，用副词impatiently表示“不耐烦地”，修饰动词短语。故填impatiently。
57．don’t mix
【解析】句意：李先生，不要把你的生活和工作混在一起。此句是否定祈使句，其构成是don’t do sth．，故填don’t mix。
58．to donate
【解析】句意：脸书的首席执行官马克把他的大部分钱都捐给了慈善机构，这真是太慷慨了。“It is/was+形容词+of sb． to do sth．”意为“某人做某事是……的”，此处用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to donate。
59．watching
【解析】句意：《厉害了，我的国》赢得了公众的高度赞扬。我认为这部纪录片很值得一看。be worth doing sth表示“值得做某事”，因此应填动词watch的动名词watching。故填watching。
60．night’s
【解析】句意：为了参加“讲中国故事”比赛，我花了一个晚上的时间制作了《梅兰芳和他的家乡》视频。 one修饰可数名词单数，作定语修饰time，所以用名词单数的所有格形式，故填night’s。
【答案】14． C15． D16． D17． A
【解析】本文主要讲述了杨立恒这位摄影师用照片记录了银川的发展，以及每年春节为家里人拍家庭照的这种习俗的故事。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据“For Yang, one of the long-expected activities during the Spring Festival is to take photos with family members”可知，春节期间期待已久的活动之一就是和家人合影，故选C。
【15题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“On the early morning of the second day of the Chinese New Year when the whole family reunite, he would dress up and wait for the photo to be taken”可知，在大年初二全家人团聚的时候，他会盛装打扮，等待拍照，根据空格前的“the whole family”，推测reunite与get together again同义，故选D。
【16题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“With his camera, Yang recorded the great changes of his hometown over time”可知，本段主要介绍了他用相机记录下来的内容，故选D。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。通过本文描述可知，他通过拍照的方式记录了家乡的变化以及用这种方式给全家每一年拍一张家庭照，每次看到这些照片内心都充满着快乐的回忆，由此可推断他的家庭是一个充满爱的家庭，故选A。
【答案】22． C23． B24． D25． A
【解析】本文主要讲述了作者通过自己的努力终于参加了马拉松比赛，并且取得了成功的故事。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When I was little, I was really little． But my dream was big． I dreamed of being a basketball player”可知，因为作者不够高，所以没有进入篮球队，故选C。
【23题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“I ran 12 miles on my 12th birthday． On my 13th birthday, I did it again, but I added an extra mile”可知，在作者13岁生日时也坚持跑步，只不过是额外增加了一英里，所以it指代“在生日这天跑步”，故选B。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Yes, you discovered that big dreams don’t just come true． They take work． If you train and work hard, I promise to wait for you next year and cheer you on”可知，从祖父在作者失败时对他的鼓励可以看出，祖父是一个鼓舞人心的人，故选D。
【25题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文多次出现“big dream”这样的词语，可以推断出本文也是围绕“大梦想”这个线索展开描述，故选A。
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
46．exactly
【解析】句意：让我准确地重复他刚说的话。动词“repeat”用副词修饰。表达“准确地”用“exact”的副词形式“exactly”。故填exactly。
47．trying
【解析】句意：对不起，我们真的在设法解决什么问题？try“试图，设法”，根据“what problems are we really．．．to solve”可知此处表示正设法解决什么问题，用现在进行时be doing，故此处用现在分词。故填trying。
48．healthy
【解析】句意：健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。根据“competitive spirit”，此处用形容词healthy“健康的”作定语，表示“健康的竞争精神”。故填healthy。
49．fresher
【解析】句意：下了一夜的雨，山更绿了，空气也更清新了。fresh“清新的”，根据“the mountains are much greener”以及“much”可知此处用形容词的比较级作表语。故填fresher。
50．victories
【解析】句意：作为团队一起工作意味着一起庆祝胜利和面对失败。动词“celebrating”后缺宾语，根据“and facing losses”可知表达庆祝胜利，是复数概念，用复数名词“victories”。故填victories。
51．chocolate
【解析】句意：生命就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将会拿到哪块。介词“of”后缺宾语，表达“一盒巧克力”用“a box of chocolate”。故填chocolate。
52．modern
【解析】句意：中国共产党正在带领民族建设社会主义现代化强国。此处修饰名词“socialist country”应用形容词modern“现代的”。故填modern。
53．Thirty
【解析】句意：她离开三十分钟后，天开始下大雪。三十：thirty，此处表示数量，用基数词，放句首首字母大写。故填Thirty。
54．fined
【解析】句意：如果我们在公共场所丢垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。罚款：fine，主语we和谓语fine之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填fined。
55．herself
【解析】句意：妈妈加入我们这个小组，向我们的新朋友介绍她自己。动词“introduced”后缺宾语，表达“她自己”用反身代词“herself”。故填herself。