专题05 科技与网红 中考英语热点时文阅读专项训练（含解析）

中考英语热点时文阅读
专题05科技与网红
姓名：_________ 班级：_________ 学号：_________
文章导读
阅读理解A篇：使用中国流行文化如抖音，古装剧更有效地传播中华文化，唤醒更多年轻基因。
B篇：挪威剧作家约翰·福瑟获2023年诺贝尔文学奖．
C篇：神舟十七载最年轻乘组出征太空：航天员需要经历哪些考验？
D篇：人类向太空进军的同时也在向地球深部进军，攀登“地下珠峰”！
E篇：给“网红”立规矩，法国出台新法案。
F篇：中国作家海涯再获雨果奖。
语法填空：中国智慧：敏于事, 慎于言。
A 阅读理解
Folke Borgstrom, a 18-year-old from Sweden, bought a jade (玉) necklace in Beijing． He came to China to take part in the 16th “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreign Secondary School Students in Beijing and Yunnan from Oct 16 to Oct 30．
Borgstrom knew about jade from a Chinese costume drama． “A main character looks so noble (高贵的) and cool with jade,” Borgstrom said． After doing some online research on jade, he found out that it’s highly valued in Chinese culture． “As a symbol of virtue, jade is believed to have the power to bring good fortune,” Borgstrom added． He became fascinated with Chinese culture through the window of Chinese costume drama．
When it comes to promoting Chinese culture internationally, we often think of traditional ways, like setting up cultural exchange programs． However, Chinese pop culture, such as Chinese costume drama, has become a growing vehicle for cultural transmission．
Chulkyu Lee from South Korea, 16, likes to browse TikTok for short videos featuring Chinese pop culture． Recently, he put the Chinese TikTok hit pop music track My Surname is Shi (《我姓石》) on repeat．
“Through TikTok, I’ve also seen many real-life moments recorded by ordinary Chinese people, which lets me know more about the daily lives of Chinese people and the real China,” said Lee．
Yang Yao, a program designer who has worked in international broadcasting for eight years with Yunnan Media Group, believes that more creative ways for spreading Chinese culture should be adopted． He takes Japan and South Korea as examples of this． “You may not know the meaning of Japanese samurai (武士), but anime (日本动漫) lets you gradually accept concepts like ninjas (忍者) in Japanese culture． You may not specialize in the history of the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392, 高丽王朝), but through South Korean dramas, you come to understand its cuisine like kimchi (韩国泡菜),” said Yang． China’s culture can go abroad in the similar way, said Yang．
1． Why does the writer use Borgstrom’s story
A． To show the importance of the “Chinese Bridge” program．
B． To suggest some good Chinese TV series．
C． To introduce a smart way of cultural promotion．
D． To talk about the cultural meaning of Chinese jade．
2． What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A． How to learn about Chinese people’s daily lives．
B． What Chulkyu Lee thinks of the real lives of Chinese people．
C． The Chinese apps Chulkyu Lee often uses．
D． The role of short TikTok videos in cultural exchange．
3． How does watching short videos recorded by ordinary Chinese people influence Chulkyu Lee
A． It deepens his understanding of China．
B． It raises his interest in learning Chinese．
C． It leads him to explore Chinese music．
D． It provides an escape from his boring life．
4． Why does Yang Yao mention Japanese anime and South Korean dramas
A． To compare different forms of cultural media．
B． To stress the importance of cultural exchange．
C． To suggest creative ways to promote Chinese culture．
D． To show the popularity of Japanese and South Korean culture．
5． In the passage, how does the writer mainly give information
A． By using famous people’s sayings．
B． By giving examples．
C． By sharing their personal feelings．
D． By comparing one thing with another．
B阅读理解
The Norwegian novelist, poet and playwright Jon Fosse was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature on Oct 5, “for his innovative plays and prose (散文) which give voice to the unsayable,” in the words of the prize committee．
Born in 1959 in Haugesund, Fosse grew up on a small farm in western Norway． He started writing poems and stories at the age of 12． But it was his plays that made him famous． Now, his 40-some plays have been published．
Unlike many traditional plays that focus on plots, characters and conflicts, Fosse’s works instead show “tension of emotions”, noted The Paper． To create such an atmosphere (氛围), the language Fosse uses is unique and minimalistic．
The chairman of the Nobel literature committee praised “Fosse’s sensitive language, which probes (探索) the limits of words”．
Through his works, Fosse carefully explores deep themes like aging, love, death and art． For example, his first play Someone Is Going to Come (《有人将至》) tells the story of a man and a woman who seek solitude (独处) in a remote seaside home while the novel Morning and Evening (《日与夜》) traces a character’s life from birth to death．
When asked what he aims to convey to readers through his writing, Fosse said he hopes to show a feeling of serenity (宁静)． “I hope they can find a kind of peace in, or from, my writing,” he said in a statement sent through his Norwegian publisher．
Fosse’s unique style has helped him win many prizes and international recognition (认可)． In 2010, Fosse won the International Ibsen Award． The prize committee commented, “Like　all important writers of drama, Fosse forces the theater and its audiences to think in new ways． He is the poet of the unknown．”
１．What was Jon Fosse awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for
　A． His contributions to poetry　　　　　　　　　　B． His focus on traditional plays
　C． His innovative plays and prose．　　　　　　　　D． His unique use of language in prose only
２．How is Fosse’s playwriting style different from traditional plays
　A． They explore unique themes． B． They have many ups and downs．
　C． They feature direct and simple language． D． They focus on emotional struggles．
３．Which of the following themes is NOT addressed in Fosse’s works mentioned in the article
　A． Love　　　　　　　　　B． Adventure　　　　　C． Aging　　　　　　D． Death
４．In Fosse’s play Someone Is Going to Come, what do the main characters seek
　　A． Fame and success　　　　　　　　　　　　B． Adventure and excitement
　　C． Solitude in a remote seaside home　　　　　D． Escape from a dangerous situation
５． What does Fosse hope his works can bring to readers
A． A positive attitude．B． A sense of calm．
C． An exploration of history．D． Reflections on death．
C阅读理解
This year marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei becoming the first Chinese astronaut to go to space． Since then, another 17 astronauts have reached for the stars． The selection of the fourth generation of astronauts began in 2022 and is now in full swing． Experts revealed how tough (困难的) the training is before astronauts can soar (高飞) to space．
The human body is not designed for space life． Astronauts are confronted (面对) with multiple challenges on a space mission． The changes in gravity can have an impact on their bodies． The sensation of isolation and confinement (封闭) living in a small spacecraft for months can impair (损害) their mental health． Emergencies during missions challenge their knowledge and ability to solve problems under huge pressure． So it’s no wonder that astronauts have to meet extremely high standards and go through a tough training program．
To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, “Eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set,” Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system for China’s manned space project, told CCTV News． Apart from physical fitness training, it also encompasses (包含) basic scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions．
Among the training subjects, the most tiring one is underwater training． This training is designed for astronauts to adapt to the microgravity environment in space． According to Huang, astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at a time． Water resistance (阻力) and the heavy suit make every move exhausting． “Nie Haisheng (one of the astronauts) once reported a two-kilogram loss in weight after one underwater training exercise,” said Huang．
Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space．
1． What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A． High standards astronauts need to meet．
B． Health problems caused by microgravity．
C． Requirements of the tough astronaut training．
D． Different challenges astronauts face in space．
2． How many training subjects are included in the Chinese astronaut program
A． 8．B． 17．C． About 100． D． Over 200．
3． Which training subject is the most physically demanding for its participants, according to the article
A． Mock missions．B． Underwater training．
C． Physical fitness training．D． Scientific theory learning．
4． Why did Huang mention Nie Haisheng’s two-kilogram weight loss
A． To stress how challenging the training is．
B． To describe Nie’s personal achievements．
C． To introduce the weight limit for astronauts．
D． To explain the importance of proper training．
D阅读理解
While astronauts are flying high to study space, scientists are digging deep to study the center of Earth!
Earlier in May, China started drilling (钻) its first over 10,000-meter-deep borehole (钻井) in Xinjiang． By Oct 1, the hole was already 7,856 meters deep, reported Xinjiang Daily．
The borehole has a planned depth (深度) of 11,100 meters． It will take 457 days to dig, said Bloomberg News． When it’s finished, it will become the deepest hole ever dug in China and one of the deepest in the world．
The drill will go through more than ten layers (层) of rock． The oldest layer is about 145 million years old．
The Earth has lots of heat inside． So as the drill goes deeper, it faces hotter and hotter temperatures． The metal drill could get so hot that it would become as soft as noodles． The company (公司) doing the project, China National Petroleum Corp, dealt with this problem by using high-tech (高科技) tools, such as heat-resistant (耐热的) drills．
According to Xinhua News, while testing drilling technologies, the hole will also give us useful information about Earth’s internal structure (内部结构)．
The hole is being dug in an area rich in oil． The oil could be used to heat buildings and make fuel (燃料) for cars and planes．
It’s important to look deep into Earth because it could help in finding energy resources (能源资源)．It could also help scientists study the risks of natural disasters (灾害), such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions (火山爆发)．Could they drill all the way through
While some people joke about digging from China to Australia on the other side of the world, we know this is not possible．
Earth is made of three main layers: the core (地核), the mantle (地幔) and the crust (地壳)．
The crust is the outer layer or the “skin” (皮肤) of the planet． It is about 40 kilometers deep, meaning a 10-kilometer-deep hole will go through only one-quarter of the crust．
The world’s deepest man-made hole, the Kola Superdeep Borehole, is in Russia． Completed in 1989 after 20 years of digging, it is 12,262 meters deep． People stopped digging when the heat and pressure made drilling really difficult． The hole kept collapsing (坍塌) as the hot rock became too spongy (松软的)．
1． What is true according to the scientists’ plans for the borehole
A． It will be the deepest hole in the world．
B． It is somewhere in the east of China．
C． It will end up being 7,856 meters deep．
D． It will take more than a year to finish．
2． How does the company deal with the high temperature underground
A． By making noodle-shaped drills． B． By cooling the rock quickly．
C． By using soft metal drills．D． By using high-tech drills．
3． How could the hole help people
A． It could warm people up．
B． It could help us find energy．
C． It could help us tell the time of earthquakes．
D． It could give people a living place in disasters．
4． What is the story mainly about
A． What underground rocks are like． B． The inside of Earth．
C． New drills for drilling a hole． D． China’s deep borehole program．
E阅读理解
In recent years, people have started to follow influencers (网红) when it comes to shopping online． However, these influencers may only be interested in selling certain products to get money instead of sharing their true opinions．
France took action on this in June． It is the first European country to regulate (监管) social media influencers．
The country passed a new law (法律) on online activities of selling products and services． About 150,000 influencers in France must follow it．
Under the new law, influencers can’t invite their viewers to take part in betting (赌博) games, such as for sports matches． Cigarettes (烟) and alcohol (酒) can’t be sold online． As for makeup (化妆品), influencers can use a filter (滤镜) to make the products look better only if they let the audience know．
If influencers break the law, they can end up in prison (监狱) for up to two years． They may also face a fine (罚款) of up to 300,000 euros (about 2,300,000 yuan)．
Several influencers have been “caught in the act”． For example, influencer Poupette Kenza was fined 50,000 euros for selling a kind of toothpaste． She posted daily life videos on social media without clearly telling the viewers that she was promoting (推销) the product．
In September, France put out training lessons for influencers who sell finance products (金融产品)． After finishing the lessons, the influencers need to take a test and answer at least 75 percent of the questions correctly． This way, influencers will have more financial knowledge and better know their products so that they won’t mislead their customers．
There was “a clear understanding” of the need to regulate influencers, French lawmaker Stephane Vojetta told ABC News． The new moves will “protect” internet users, “especially the younger ones,” said Vojetta．
1． Which influencer breaks the new law
A． Someone who sells concert tickets online．
B． Someone who sells makeup online．
C． Someone who sells cigarettes online．
D． Someone who uses a filter in their online videos．
2． What was Poupette Kenza fined for
A． Selling toothpaste．
B． Hiding toothpaste promotion in her videos．
C． Not introducing her products clearly．
D． Selling toothpaste products at a high price．
3． Through the training lessons, influencers are expected to _____．
A．be more professional about their products
B．share their true opinions about the products
C．help people make more money through their products
D．clearly tell the viewers their promotion of products
4． Why was the law passed according to Vojetta
A． To have a better understanding of influencers．
B． To guide people to tell the good from the bad．
C． To stop influencers from making money too easily．
D． To protect internet users from being misled．
F，阅读理解
Chinese writer Hai Ya’s The Space-Time Painter (《时空画师》) won the Hugo Award (雨果奖) for Best Novelette (最佳短中篇小说) on Oct 21． He became the third Chinese writer to win a Hugo award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao Jingfang in 2016．
When creating The Space-Time Painter, Hai Ya drew his idea from a famous painting, A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains (《千里江山图》)． It is by Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty (960-1279)． Based on Wang, Hai created a painter named Zhao Ximeng． After many hard times, Zhao’s mind leaves his body and enters a space where a modern policeman is trying to solve a case (案件) about an ancient painting．
Hai Ya’s story with science fiction began in his childhood． “When I was a child, the bookstore in my hometown helped create a beautiful garden in my mind that belonged to me only． In it, science fiction offered the most beautiful ‘flowers’,” Hai Ya told Beijing Youth Daily． He added that science fiction opened a new world for him as a kid．
Hai Ya’s works feature a mix of history and science fiction． These two styles seem opposite: One looks back at the past, and the other faces the future． However, in Hai Ya’s works, they find a perfect balance ．
“If we can only imagine the future and things in space like rockets, it will only limit our imagination,” Hai Ya told Shenzhen Special Zone Daily． “I don’t think history is something completely in the past． It is flowing (流动的), and we can make predictions about the future by looking back at history． History is also part of our future,” he added．
More Chinese writers today are trying to mix traditional culture with modern stories． Hai Ya believes that it is not a choice but a natural process． “Our history and culture have universal values (普世价值) that can touch everyone,” he said to Xinhua．
“Sci-fi is built upon a sense of wonder and estrangement (疏离) from science． Sci-fi writers are trying to attract readers not by relying on (依赖) the wonder of science, but by usingdifferent skills and ．．． the potential to reflect (反映) reality．”
1． What do we know about The Space-Time Painter
A． Its story is based on the faraway future．
B． It is a historical novel about the Song Dynasty．
C． It is inspired by an ancient painting．
D． It tells Wang Ximeng’s life story．
2． How did sci-fi influence Hai Ya as a child
A． It enriched his mind．
B． It inspired him to combine history with sci-fi．
C． It taught him a lot about Chinese history．
D． It gave him new ways to write novels．
3． Why did Hai Ya combine history with sci-fi
A． To remind people of the flow of time．
B． To inspire readers to learn from history．
C． To compare history with modern life．
D． To find a balance between history and reality．
4． What can we learn from the last paragraph
A． Chinese values are accepted globally．
B． The popularity of Chinese sci-fi is growing．
C． More and more Chinese writers are writing sci-fi works．
D． Chinese history and culture is drawing writers’ attention．
语法填空
If a person wants to be a gentleman (君子), he should pay attention to what he does and says． Then what are the rules for a gentleman on words and actions Let’s find out the answers from Confucius, one of the greatest ____1______(teacher) in ancient China．
子曰：“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。”–《论语》
Confucius said: “ If a gentleman, not caring for food or housing, is diligent with what he does, careful with what he says and rectifies himself with a worthy, he can be regarded as a good learner．” – The Analects of Confucius
In the West, people pay too much attention to_____2_____(be) eloquent (能言善辩的)． They believe that how someone says something is_____3_________(important) than what is said． However, Confucius didn’t think so． He believed that gentlemen should choose their words______4_____(care), even if that may make people feel _____5_____(bore)．
Confucius had such beliefs______6______(连词) he thought that words are important and that they should follow after etiquette (规矩)． But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do: work hard． He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus______7_____( 介词) their work to improve ______8_____(they)．
These rules for gentlemen’s words and actions ______9________( influence) Chinese people for a long time． Today, many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical spirit rather than saying beautiful words．
Of course, as culture has developed over time, we should also view his words critically (批判性地)． ______10_______(choose)our words and actions according to the situation is also a form of wisdom ．
参考答案
A 阅读理解
【答案】CDACB
【解析】这篇文章的主要主题是使用中国流行文化来推广和传播中国文化。一种被忽视但是有效的推广中国文化的方式就是使用中国的流行文化，比如古装剧和抖音短视频。这些方式通过观看剧集和短视频提供了对中国历史和现代生活的独特视角，从而吸引了全球观众的兴趣，深入了解和欣赏中国文化。作者还提到，就像日本怎样通过动漫以及韩国通过电视剧推广他们的文化，中国同样可以借鉴这些方法来在全球范围内推广和传播中国文化。
1．C作者通过Folke Borgstrom的故事表明，中国传统剧是一种有效地推广中国文化的方式。
2．D第四段主要讨论了短版抖音视频在文化交流中的作用，比如让Chulkyu Lee更了解了中国人的日常生活和中国文化。
3．A通过观看普通中国人录制的短视频，这使Chulkyu Lee对中国有了更深入的了解。
4．CYang Yao提到日本动漫和韩国电视剧是为了提出一种创新的方式来推广中国文化，就像日本和韩国文化通过这些方式走向世界一样。
5．B作者在文章中主要通过给出实例来提供信息，例如Folke Borgstrom的故事以及Chulkyu Lee的抖音经历。
B阅读理解
【答案】CDBCB
【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了挪威小说家、诗人和剧作家Jon Fosse获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息。文章介绍了Fosse的成长背景以及他的创作风格。Fosse的作品以独特和极简主义语言表达情感紧张，强调注重主题探讨，如衰老、爱情、死亡和艺术等。诺贝尔文学委员会主席对Fosse敏锐的语言给予了高度评价。此外，Fosse表示希望他的写作能为读者带来一种宁静的感觉。Fosse的独特风格和作品为他赢得了许多奖项和国际认可。
１．C　根据文章第一段的描述，Jon Fosse因他的具有创新性的戏剧和散文而荣获诺贝尔文学奖。
２．D文章第三段指出，与许多关注情节、角色和冲突的传统剧本不同，Fosse的作品反而展示了“情感紧张”。故答案选D
３．B在文章中提到的Fosse的作品中，涉及到如下主题：衰老、爱情、死亡和艺术。但未提及冒险这一主题。
４．C根据文章第五段，Fosse的第一部剧作《有人将至》讲述了一个男人和一个女人在一个偏远的海边家中寻求独处的故事。
５．B　根据文章倒数第二段，Fosse表示，他希望读者能通过他的作品找到一种宁静的感觉。
C阅读理解
【答案】DDBA
【解析】这篇文章主要讨论了中国宇航员的选拔和训练程序的严格性。
1．第二段描述了宇航员在执行空间任务过程中面临的各种挑战，如重力改变、与孤立和封闭环境下的心理健康问题以及在巨大压力下解决问题的能力。故答案选D
2．如文中第三段所述，中国宇航员培训项目包括"八类，包括超过200个培训科目"。故答案选D
3．如第四段所述，在所有培训科目中，“水下训练是最累人的一个”。答案选B
4．黄卫芬提到聂海胜在一个水下训练项目后减重了两公斤，是为了强调宇航员水下训练部分的身体负担和难度。答案选A
D阅读理解
【答案】DDBD
【解析】
1．D．文中提到，钻井的计划深度为11,100米，将耗时457天。因此，这个项目将需要一年以上的时间来完成。答案选D
2．D．文章中提到，中国石油天然气集团公司通过使用高科技工具来应对钻孔深处遇到的高温问题，例如耐热钻头。
3．B．文中提到，钻井地点位于一个富含石油的地区，研究地球内部可能有助于发现有价值的能源资源，并且获取关于地球内部结构的有用信息。
4．D．整篇文章主要讲述的是中国正在进行的超深钻井项目，探究地球内部的情况以及实现相关目标。
E阅读理解
【答案】CBAD
1．C根据文章中的内容，“Under the new law, influencers can’t invite their viewers to take part in betting (赌博) games, such as for sports matches． Cigarettes (烟) and alcohol (酒) can’t be sold online．”可知，根据新法律，网红不能售卖香烟和酒。
2．B．文章中提到，一名名叫Poupette Kenza的网红就被罚款5万欧元，她在没有明确告诉观众她在宣传这个产品的情况下，发布了日常生活视频，并在其中推销一种牙膏。
3． A．根据文章，“In September, France put out training lessons for influencers who sell finance products… After finishing the lessons, the influencers need to take a test and answer at least 75 percent of the questions correctly． This way, influencers will have more financial knowledge and better know their products so that they won’t mislead their customers．”让网红通过训练课程使其对自己的产品更专业。
4．D“There was a clear understanding” of the need to regulate influencers, French lawmaker Stephane Vojetta told ABC News． The new moves will “protect” internet users, “especially the younger ones,” said Vojetta．”法国议员Stephane Vojetta指出，针对网红的监管需求存在“明确的理解”。新的举措将“保护”互联网用户，特别是年轻的用户。由此可以看出，这个法律的通过是为了保护互联网用户不被误导。
F，阅读理解
【答案】CAAD
【解析】这篇文章主要讲述了中国作家海涯（Hai Ya）的作品《时空画师》在10月21日获得了雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖。海涯是继刘慈欣（2015年）和郝景芳（2016年）之后第三位获得雨果奖的中国作家。文章还揭示了海涯的作品将历史和科幻完美地结合在一起，因此，他的作品不仅仅是对过去的回顾，也是对未来的预测。
1．C 《时空画师》是海涯创作的一个故事，其灵感来自宋朝王希孟的一幅著名画作《千里江山图》。
2．A．从小，海涯就热爱科幻文学，这帮助他塑造了一个独特的精神领域。他认为：“科幻文学在他的精神花园中种下了最美丽的‘花朵’”，这意味着科幻文学为他的想象力和思维丰富了许多。
3．A．海涯选择在他的作品中将历史与科幻小说交织在一起，表现出他的观点：历史是流动的，并不完全停留在过去。他认为历史是预测未来的一种工具；因此，历史间接地成为了我们的未来的一部分。
4．D．最后一段暗示，包括海涯在内的中国作家们正在将传统文化与当代叙事相结合。海涯认为这是一个自然的过程，并解释说，中国的历史和文化包含了普遍的价值，可以引起所有人的共鸣。这暗示着中国的历史和文化正在吸引着作家们的注意力。
语法填空
【答案】1． teachers 2． being 3．more important 4．carefully 5．bored． 6．because 7．on 8． themselves9．have influenced 10． Choosing