2024年初三英语中考三轮复习 【语法 微专题】
连词(both、neither、either)用法辨析和考点点睛(讲义)
上篇
[误] Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now.
[正] Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now.
翻译:我父母都不在这里。他们刚才去听音乐会了。
both a and b a和b都..
Now women work both before and after having their children.
现在妇女在生孩子前后都要去工作。
Both sides have agreed to make a concession.
双方都已经同意做出让步。
both通常用于肯定句中
neither of 两者都不..
Neither of my parents is here.我的父母都不在这里
neither of+复数名词,但是它谓语动词,是单数形式
Neither of us wants to go out.
Neither of them believes me.
Neither of my parents is a teacher.
[误] Either you or I are on duty.
[正] Either you or I am on duty.
翻译:要么你要么我值班。
either or 或者,要么
谓语动词,符合就近原
Either you or I am going there tomorrow.
明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。
[误]Neither you nor she are good at drawing.
[正]Neither you nor she is good at drawing.
翻译:你和她都不擅长画画。
Neither nor 两者都不..
Neither you nor I am wrong.
你和我都没错。
考点点睛
在英语当中,both作为连词,通常和and形成搭配both a and b用来表示a和b都..比如Now women work both before and after having their children.现在妇女在生孩子前后都要去工作。而both也通常放在复数名词的前面,表示两者都..的意思,比如这句Both sides have agreed to make a concession双方都已经同意做出让步。
而按照英语的规则both通常用于肯定句中,可如果是想要表达,两者都不..,我们经常不用both not,而用到的另一个表达是,neither of,比如咱们的第一句话,当我们要表达,我的父母都不在这里时。应该是Neither of my parents is here.但是在这里我们要强调,当用到neither of 时,后面虽然跟的是复数名词,但是它谓语动词,一定得是单数形式。为什么呢?其实很简单,因为他在表达的是,任何一方,都不,都没有,怎么样。他本质上,是单数的逻辑。类似的表达有Neither of us wants to go out.Neither of them believes me,又或者Neither of my parents is a teacher.等等,它都是如此。而考试的时候,碰到这个搭配,考官也会经常会在,谓语动词这里,制造陷井。所以理解了这一点之后,咱们也就不会再丢分了。
第二个句子是,either or的结构,他也是一个连词短语,表示或者,要么,当这个搭配,连接两个名词做主语的时候,我们要记住,谓语动词,要符合就近原则,什么意思呢,很简单,其实就是谓语动词,要与离他近的那个名词,在单复数上保持一致。比如,Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。在这里,谓语动词是am,很显然,是与I保持一致,如果用成are,就错了。
而与either or规律相同的另一个搭配,是Neither nor,我们知道,Neither nor在意思上,与either or正好相反,表示两者都不..因此,当它出现在主语位置上,谓语动词,也符合就近原则。比如说Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。再比如第三个句子,Neither you nor she is good at drawing.你和她都不擅长画画。这里的谓语动词,都是和,离他近的那个主语,保持一致。
下篇
[误] Both my kids are not here. They went to city park just now.
[正] Neither of my kids is here. They went to city park just now.
翻译:我的孩子们都不在这里。他们刚才去了城市公园。
both形成搭配:both A and B
a和b都..
Now women work both before and after having their children.
现在妇女在生孩子前后都要去工作。
both+复数名词,
表示两者都..
Both sides have agreed to make a concession.
双方都已经同意做出让步。
要表达,两者都不..
neither of
Neither of mykids is here. They went to city park just now.
neither of
谓语动词,一定得是单数形式。
Neither of us wants to go out.
我们没人想出去。
Neither of them believes me.
他们没人相信我。
Neither of my parents is a teacher.
我父母都不是老师。
[误] Either you or I is to go.
[正] Either you or I am to go.
翻译:要么你要么我去。
either or 要么,或
谓语动词——就近原则
谓语动词与离它近的那个名词,在单复数上保持一致。
Either you or I am on duty.
要么你,要么我做值日
Either you or he is going there tomorrow.
明天要么你去那里,要么他去那里。
[误]Neither you nor she are good at drawing.
[正]Neither you nor she is good at drawing.
翻译:你和她都不擅长画画。
Neither nor 两者都不..
Neither dad nor mum is at home today.
今天爸爸妈妈都不在家。
Neither you nor I am wrong.
你和我都不对。
Neither he nor she is going to pick me up today.
他和她今天都不去接我。
考点点睛
both作为连词,通常和and形成搭配both a and b用来表示a和b都..比如Now women work both before and after having their children.现在妇女在生孩子前后都要去工作。而both也通常放在复数名词的前面,表示两者都..的意思,比如这句Both sides have agreed to make a concession双方都已经同意做出让步。
both通常用于肯定句中,可如果是想要表达,两者都不..,我们经常不用both not,而用到的另一个表达是,neither of,比如咱们的第一句话,Neither of mykids is here. They went to city park just now.当我们要表达,我的两个孩子都不在这里时。应该是应该是Neither of my kids is here.
当用到neither of 时,后面虽然跟的是复数名词,但是它谓语动词,一定得是单数形式。为什么呢?其实很简单,因为他在表达的是,任何一方,都不,都没有,怎么样。他本质上,是单数的逻辑。类似的表达有Neither of us wants to go out.Neither of them believes me,又或者Neither of my parents is a teacher.
第二个句子,Either you or I am to go.本句话当中,是一个并列连词短语either or的结构,表示或者,要么,当这个搭配,而当他连接两个名词做主语的时候,我们要记住,谓语动词,要符合就近原则,什么是就近原则,其实就是谓语动词,要与离他近的那个名词,在单复数上保持一致。比如,Either you or I am on duty.要么你,要么我做值日,或者,Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。在这里,谓语动词是,都是与相临近的主语保持一致。
与either or规律相同的另一个搭配,是Neither nor,我们知道,Neither nor在意思上,与either or正好相反,表示两者都不..因此,当它出现在主语位置上,谓语动词,也符合就近原则。比如说第三句话Neither you nor she is good at drawing.,在这里,动词is就是与主语中的she,保持一致,类似的表达像是,Neither dad nor mum is at home today.,Neither you nor I am wrong.以及Neither he nor she is going to pick me up today.