2024届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
全卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上,
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题的答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C.
1. What does the man order at last
A. Chocolate cake. B. Strawberry pie. C. Ice cream.
2. How will the speakers go home
A. By train. B. By water. C. On foot.
3. What does the woman probably do
A. A coach. B. A receptionist. C. A teacher.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At the tailor’s.
B. At the hat shop.
C. In the dressing room.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A scary story. B. An adventure. C. An earthquake.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the news about the man
A. He got promoted.
B. He took a new job.
C. He gave a live performance.
7. How does the man feel now
A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Surprised.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man come here
A. To attend a meeting.
B. To visit the president.
C. To make an appointment.
9. What is the settled time
A. 8:30 am. B.11:30 am. C. 3:30 pm.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student,
B. Doctor and patient.
C. Father and daughter.
11. What happened to the woman
A. She had an accident.
B. She missed many courses.
C. She performed an operation.
12. How long will the woman be absent from school
A. About five days. B. About ten days. C. About fifteen days.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What is the first destination
A. The West Lake. B. Tiger Spring. C. The Lingyin Temple.
14. Where is the name of Tiger Spring from
A. A tale. B. A sport. C. A season.
15. What makes Longjing tea unique
A. Its pleasant taste.
B. Its health benefits.
C. Its production method.
16. What is the man about to do
A. Have a rest. B. Take photos. C. Visit another attraction.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What was John’s childhood like
A. Happy. B. Tough. C. Normal.
18. When did John drop out of the university again
A. In 1965. B. In 1969. C. In 1972.
19. What achievement did John make
A. He found a new habitat of dinosaurs.
B. He experimented on the dinosaur, Maiasaura.
C. He confirmed one characteristic of dinosaurs.
20. What position did Chapman University offer John
A. Presidential fellow. B. Research assistant. C. Technician.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Writing Contests of 2024
Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest
The Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest, an annual contest, is designed to highlight Kentucky’s rich literary talent and celebrate the best in short fiction written by Kentuckians or about our beloved Bluegrass State.
Top prize Best entry: $500
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline March 31, 2024
Fiction Factory Flash Fiction
This is an international competition—we welcome entries from around the world. Maximum word count: 1,000, Stories may be on any theme. Entries must be previously unpublished. Results will be announced by April 2024. Minimum age: 16 years. Children’s compositions cannot be accepted sadly.
Top prize Best entry: 500
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline March 31, 2024
Journalism Competition 2024
What are the most important issues taking place close to home Perhaps a rare bird sighting near your town Or a band of young people in your province fighting for access to higher education This month, involve yourself in a newsworthy event inside the borders of your own country, and invite us there through your written reporting.
Top prize Best entry: $100
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline July 22, 2024
Poetry & Spoken Word Competition 2024
“Poetry lays the foundations for a future of change,” wrote Audre Lorde. This month, sow your own seeds of change into poetry, or else write and perform an original piece of spoken word(poetry performed aloud). We’ll award two top prizes-one for a written poem, and one for a recorded performance.
Top prize Best entry: $100
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline May 27, 2024
1. Which contest accepts entries both at home and abroad
A. Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest. B. Fiction Factory Flash Fiction.
C. Journalism Competition 2024. D. Poetry&-Spoken Word Competition 2024.
2. What do we know about Poetry&-Spoken Word Competition 2024
A. It offers two first prizes. B. It only requests written compositions.
C. It provides the highest awards. D. It inspires students to perform actively.
3. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A. To compare some writing contests. B. To recommend good writing contests.
C. To share tips on winning writing contests. D. To remind students to enter writing contests.
【答案】1 B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年四个最佳写作比赛的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题Fiction Factory Flash Fiction下的“This is an international competition—we welcome entries from around the world.( 这是一个国际竞赛，我们欢迎来自世界各地的参赛作品。)”可知，Fiction Factory Flash Fiction是一项国际性的比赛, 同时接受国内外参赛作品。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题Poetry & Spoken Word Competition 2024下的“We’ll award two top prizes-one for a written poem, and one for a recorded performance. (我们将颁发两个最高奖项——一个是写诗奖，一个是录音奖。)”可知，这个比赛会选出两个一等奖。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知, 文章主要介绍了四个写作比赛的相关信息。由此可推断出, 作者写这篇文章的目的是给读者推荐几个好的写作比赛。故选B。
B
“Will you go on this ride with me ”my friend’s eleven-year-old daughter Jenny asked. I could have made up an excuse for not wanting to have a go. But earlier that morning, I was ready to push myself out of my comfort zone. Jenny stared at the ride, eager to experience the same excitement as the brave group of riders in front of us. I couldn’t say no.
After climbing into our seats, an attendant reached up, pulled down the bar, and locked it in place. The ride lifted us slowly, then turned us over like the blueberry pancakes I had eaten three hours earlier, and hoped to keep in their proper place. As I stared at the concrete directly below us, I had a sudden feeling of great fear. I wondered if I had replacement coverage for the phone that I was sure would slip out of my pocket and break into a million tiny pieces. I wondered when my new health insurance would kick in.
The ride touched down after twisting and turning our bodies. My friend was waiting for us at the exit. “How was it ” she asked. “Fine. No big deal” I said, even though my head was spinning(旋转)like one of the other annoying machines dotting the midway.
Jenny walked ahead of us and convinced me to keep taking chances and sample more rides.
“Oh, look at the pirate ship(海盗船)!” she said. “That looks like a calm ride.”
“Let’s go, Auntie!” she said as she rushed to join others in line.
I followed her, confident the ride would be uneventful. When I reached the bottom, I tapped out like a WWF wrestler admitting defeat. Although my body was shaking and my head was still spinning, I felt exhilarated just like I was on cloud nine. That morning, I had set a goal, taken my first step to reach it, and felt the joy of achievement.
Each time you try something for the first time, you will grow—a little piece of the fear of the unknown is removed and replaced with a sense of satisfaction.
4. What made the author decide to try riding with Jenny
A. The desired look in Jenny’s eyes. B. The curiosity about the unknown.
C. The encouragement from other riders. D. The eagerness to experience something exciting.
5. What happened to the author when she was in the high sky
A. She lost her phone. B. She got into a panic.
C. She was served pancakes. D. She almost fell off the seat.
6. What does the underlined word “exhilarated” in paragraph 7 mean
A. Occupied. B. Excited. C. Confused. D. Disappointed.
7. What message does the story convey
A. He who hesitates is lost. B. It’s never too late to learn.
C. One’s potential can’t always be underrated. D. It’s worthwhile to get out of your comfort zone.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与朋友的女儿一起体验刺激的游乐设施的经历让作者意识到对未知事物的尝试会让自己成长并带来前所未有的满足感。人要勇于走出自己的舒适圈, 才能迎来更好的自己。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Jenny stared at the ride, eager to experience the same excitement as the brave group of riders in front of us. I couldn’t say no.(珍妮盯着过山车，渴望体验和我们前面那群勇敢的骑手一样的兴奋。我无法拒绝)”可知，Jenny渴望的眼神让作者无法拒绝，最后决定试一试。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As I stared at the concrete directly below us, I had a sudden feeling of great fear.(当我盯着我们正下方的水泥地时，我突然感到非常害怕)”可知，当作者盯着她们正下方的水泥地时，她突然感到一种极大的恐惧，即她陷入了恐慌。故选B。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Although my body was shaking and my head was still spinning”中Although表示转折，结合画线词后的“just like I was on cloud nine”可知，画线词所在句指的是“虽然我的身体还在颤抖，头还在旋转，但我感觉很兴奋，就像在九霄云外一样。”由此可知，画线词意为“兴奋的”。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each time you try something for the first time, you will grow—a little piece of the fear of the unknown is removed and replaced with a sense of satisfaction.(每次你第一次尝试某件事，你都会成长——对未知的一点点恐惧会被消除，取而代之的是一种满足感)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者走出了自己的舒适区, 和朋友的女儿一起体验了刺激的游乐设施，从开始的恐惧感到后来的兴奋感让作者认识到每当第一次尝试某件事情时，对未知的恐惧会一点点消除，取而代之的是一种满足感。由此可推断出，文章想表达的是走出舒适区是值得的。故选D。
C
California has been using recycled wastewater for many years. A team has used it to make ice surfaces for the game of hockey(冰球运动). It has been used to make snow for the sport of skiing. And farmers use it to water their crops. But it has not been used directly for drinking water.
Recently, California officials approved new rules to let water agencies recycle wastewater and put it right back into the pipes that carry drinking water to homes, schools, and businesses. It is a big step for California.
California’s new rules would let—but not require—water agencies to take wastewater, treat it, and then put it right back into the drinking water system. That means proving to people that recycled water is not only safe to drink but also not dirty. California would be just the second US state to permit this, following Colorado. It has taken officials more than 10 years to develop these rules, a process that included several studies by independent groups of scientists.
A project in San Diego is aiming to produce nearly half of the city’s water through recycling wastewater by 2035. And the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California aims to produce up to nearly 570 million liters(升)a day for its 19 million people. Adel Hagekhalil is with Metropolitan Water. He said the new rules will permit new projects that have not yet been considered.
California’s new rules require the wastewater be treated for all bacteria and viruses, even if they are not present in the wastewater. In fact, the treatment is so intense that it removes all of the minerals that make fresh drinking water taste good. That means the minerals need to be added back at the end of the process. Polhemus is a director of the drinking water group for the California Water Resources Control Board. “It’s at the same drinking water quality, and probably better in many instances,” he said, adding that it takes time and money to build these treatment centers. So, they will only be available for bigger cities at first.
8. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about the recycled wastewater
A. Its qualities. B. Its functions.
C. Its target users. D. Its disadvantages.
9. What do California and Colorado have in common
A. They made some new rules on pollution.
B. They spent ten years recycling wastewater.
C. They tried to make wastewater safe to drink.
D. They requested water agencies to speed up treating water.
10. What is Polhemus’s attitude to turning recycled wastewater to drinking water
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Pessimistic. D. Indifferent.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. The Process of Recycling Wastewater Is Complicated
B. California Tries to Reduce the Wastewater Generation
C. California Permits Turning Wastewater to Drinking Water
D. New Wastewater Treatment Projects Have Been Approved
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。加州多年以来一直在回收使用废水，最近，其颁布了新的规定, 允许水务机构对废水进行循环再利用，将其输送到为家庭、学校和企业提供饮用水的供水管道。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A team has used it to make ice surfaces for the game of hockey(冰球运动). It has been used to make snow for the sport of skiing. And farmers use it to water their crops. (一个团队用它来制作冰球比赛的冰面。它被用来为滑雪运动造雪。农民们用它来灌溉他们的作物。)”可知，本段主要介绍了将废水用来制作冰球比赛的冰面，用废水为滑雪运动造雪，农民用废水灌溉庄稼。由此可推知，本段主要介绍的是回收的废水的功能。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“California’s new rules would let—but not require—water agencies to take wastewater, treat it, and then put it right back into the drinking water system. That means proving to people that recycled water is not only safe to drink but also not dirty. California would be just the second US state to permit this, following Colorado.(加利福尼亚州的新规定将允许但不要求水务机构收集废水，进行处理，然后将其直接送回饮用水系统。这意味着要向人们证明，循环水不仅可以安全饮用，而且不脏。加利福尼亚州将是继科罗拉多州之后美国第二个允许这样做的州。)”可知, 加利福尼亚州的新规定将允许水务机构将废水经过处理后再直接放回饮用水系统，继科罗拉多州之后，加州将成为美国第二个允许这样做的州。由此可知，这两个州都试图将废水转化为安全的饮用水。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Polhemus说的话“It’s at the same drinking water quality, and probably better in many instances(它的饮用水质量相同，在很多情况下可能会更好)”可知，Polhemus认为，用回收的废水转化成的饮用水和普通饮用水的质量是相同的，而且在很多情况下可能会优于普通的饮用水。由此可推断出，Polhemus对于将回收的废水转化成饮用水的态度是支持的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Recently, California officials approved new rules to let water agencies recycle wastewater and put it right back into the pipes that carry drinking water to homes, schools, and businesses. It is a big step for California.(最近，加州官员批准了新的规定，允许水务机构回收利用废水，并将其直接输送回为家庭、学校和企业运送饮用水的管道中。这对加州来说是一大步。)”可知，文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的官员最近批准了新规定，允许水务机构回收废水，经过处理后再将其放回到饮用水管道中，输送到家庭、学校和企业。由此可知，C项(加利福尼亚州允许将废水转化为饮用水)适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
D
“Given that signs of Alzheimer’s disease (老年痴呆症) start to accumulate in the brain several decades before the disease begins, understanding the connection between sleep and cognition (认知) earlier in life is critical for understanding the role of sleep problems as a risk factor for the disease,” said study author Yue Leng, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco.
The study involved 526 people with an average age of 40. They were followed for 11 years. Researchers looked at participants’ sleep duration and quality. Participants wore a wrist activity monitor for three continuous days on two occasions approximately one year apart to calculate their averages. Participants slept for an average of six hours. Participants also reported bedtime and wake-up time in a sleep diary and completed a sleep quality survey with scores ranging from 0 to 21. A total of 239 people reported poor sleep with a score greater than five.
Researchers also looked at sleep fragmentation (碎片化), a measure of restlessness during the sleep period expressed as a percentage. The higher the value, the more sleep is interrupted. Participants were divided into three groups based on their sleep fragmentation score. Of the 175 people with the most interrupted sleep, 44 had poor cognitive performance 10 years later, compared to 10 of the 176 people with the least interrupted sleep.
After adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, people who had the most interrupted sleep had more than twice the possibility of having poor cognitive performance when compared to those with the least interrupted sleep. There was no difference in cognitive performance at midlife for those in the middle group compared to the group with the least interrupted sleep.
However due to the small sample size, the researchers were unable to fully investigate potential race or sex differences. “More research is needed to assess the link between sleep disturbances and cognition at different life stages and to identify if critical life periods exist when sleep is more strongly associated with cognition,” Leng said.
12. What do we know about Yue Leng’s study
A. Data collection was an easy process. B. It aimed to find a cure for Alzheimer’s.
C. The results were far from satisfactory. D. Higher scores mean poorer sleep quality.
13. What can we learn about sleep fragmentation in the study
A. It did require outside intervention. B. It included a series of memory tests.
C. It measured short interruptions of sleep. D. It determined those participants’ groups.
14. What do the findings indicate according to the text
A. The quality of sleep may affect cognitive health.
B. Keeping a sleep diary can improve one’s sleep quality.
C. People sleeping well won’t suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.
D. People with interrupted sleep won’t have memory problems.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The major limitation of the study.
B. An explanation of the research method.
C. A possible reason for the study findings.
D. The use of careful investigations in real life.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州大学的一项研究及其结论：早在中年时期，人的睡眠时长和质量就与认知表现相关。研究人员们还研究了睡眠碎片化和认知表现之间的关系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A total of 239 people reported poor sleep with a score greater than five.(共有239人报告睡眠质量不佳，得分超过5分。)”可知，共有239人报告说他们睡眠不佳，他们的得分超过5分。由此可知，在Yue Leng的研究中，分值越高，睡眠质量越不好。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Researchers also looked at sleep fragmentation, a measure of restlessness during the sleep period expressed as a percentage. The higher the value, the more sleep is interrupted.(研究人员还研究了睡眠碎片化，这是一种以百分比表示的睡眠期间不安的衡量标准。值越高，睡眠中断的次数就越多。)”可知，睡眠碎片化是一种用百分比表示的睡眠期间频繁唤醒状态的一种量度。数值越高，睡眠中断越多。也就是说睡眠碎片化可以测量睡眠中的短暂中断。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, people who had the most interrupted sleep had more than twice the possibility of having poor cognitive performance when compared to those with the least interrupted sleep.(在调整了年龄、性别、种族和教育程度后，睡眠中断次数最多的人认知能力较差的可能性是睡眠中断次数最少的人的两倍多)”可知，在对年龄、性别、种族和受教育程度进行调整后，睡眠中断最严重的人与睡眠中断最少的人相比，认知表现不佳的概率是后者的两倍多。也就是睡眠质量可能会影响人的认知健康。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“However, due to the small sample size, the researchers were unable to fully investigate potential race or sex differences.(然而，由于样本量较小，研究人员无法充分调查潜在的种族或性别差异。)”和Leng所说的话“‘More research is needed to assess the link between sleep disturbances and cognition at different life stages…’(“需要更多的研究来评估睡眠障碍与不同生命阶段认知之间的联系……”)”可知，由于研究的样本量小，研究人员不能充分地调查潜在的种族或者性别差异。同时，也需要更多的研究来评估不同的人生阶段中睡眠障碍和认知能力之间的关系。由此可推断出，最后一段主要介绍了这项研究的局限性。故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Test anxiety exists and is a common problem among students. ___16___ . When you’re stressed and anxious during an exam, your mind has a tendency to go completely blank. Here are some tips on how to reduce or overcome test anxiety.
Get to know the material
First, you need to know the topic of the exam. ___17___ . Knowing as much as possible about the material can get you ready for the test. As to any exam, learn your material thoroughly. Memorize what needs to be memorized and understand what needs to be understood.
Slow down and calm yourself
___18___ . So when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping to answer the questions, relax first to get your mind to work. Wait for the class to settle down before you start answering. Saying a few words of encouragement and conscious breathing can help you calm yourself down.
___19___
If you have an hour for an exam, try to consume every second of that hour in answering the best possible choice. There are no rewards for finishing first!
Silence unwanted pressures
Believe it or not, chances are that other students can be a source of major anxiety during the test. Seeing them cramming (恶补), telling you what you need to remember and what might show up in the exam will affect your preparation. Get past through the negative and unwanted thoughts and remind yourself of how well you know about the topic. Avoid speaking with any fellow classmates who are not prepared and who express negativity. ___20___ .
A. Dare to be the first
B. Budget and consume your time
C. A sound sleep may help you ease the test anxiety
D. They might destroy all that you have prepared for
E. Anyone taking an exam experiences some level of anxiety
F. Rushing through a test can make you read the questions and choices incorrectly
G. Also, find out how many questions there would be on the test and the required time for it
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何应对考试焦虑。
【16题详解】
上文“Test anxiety exists and is a common problem among students. (考试焦虑是学生普遍存在的问题)”提到考试焦虑在学生群体中是一个普遍存在的问题，E选项“任何参加考试的人都会有一定程度的焦虑”对上文进行进一步说明，表示这个问题的普遍性。故选E项。
【17题详解】
由小标题“Get to know the material (了解材料)”可知本段的主旨是要了解考试材料内容，再根据上文“First, you need to know the topic of the exam. (首先，你需要知道考试的题目)”推知，空处应陈述还应注意的问题，G选项“此外，要弄清楚试卷上设置了多少问题以及规定的时间”和设空前的句子呈并列关系，且符合本段主旨。故选G项。
【18题详解】
由小标题“Slow down and calm yourself (放慢速度，让自己平静下来)”可知本段提出的建议是考试时不要着急，要静下心来，F选项“匆忙地完成考试会使你读错问题和选项”用反例表明了匆忙地完成考试的不良后果，也与下文“So when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping to answer the questions, relax first to get your mind to work. (因此，当考试开始时，与其立即匆忙回答问题，不如先放松一下，让你的大脑开始工作)”呈因果关系。故选F项。
【19题详解】
该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“If you have an hour for an exam, try to consume every second of that hour in answering the best possible choice. There are no rewards for finishing first! (如果你有一个小时的考试时间，试着用这一小时的每一秒来回答尽可能好的选择。第一名没有奖励！)”可知，该段谈论的是考试时要做好时间的安排，充分利用好时间，B选项“做好时间预算，运用好时间”切合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
由上文“Believe it or not, chances are that other students can be a source of major anxiety during the test. (信不信由你，在考试期间，其他学生很可能会成为主要焦虑的来源)”和“Avoid speaking with any fellow classmates who are not prepared and who express negativity. (避免与任何没有准备和表达消极情绪的同学交谈)”可知，作者不建议学生在考试期间接触无准备和消极情绪的同学，该空应该说明为什么这样建议的原因，D选项“他们可能会毁掉你所准备的一切”切合语境。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Zac Clark was doing yard work with his mother this past weekend. They ___21___ heard their neighbor’s wife calling for help. She told them her husband was ___22___ underneath their car.
Zac didn’t ___23___ to rush over to their house to help. “Instincts (本能) kicked in and I just ran over there. I guess the jack (千斤顶) broke or ___24___ and the car fell on top of him,” Zac said. “The only thing I could see was his legs and he was ___25___ .” Then, without any ___26___ , Zac came up and used all his strength to ___27___ the car off his neighbor a little bit. Then his wife and Zac’s mom could ___28___ him out from under it. Immediately the ___29___ neighbor got rushed to the hospital.
“He had a couple of broken bones and his face was messed up pretty bad, but the doctors told him if I wasn’t there, then he’d be ___30___ ,” Zac said.
Zac’s football coach Dave Carroll said he was ___31___ when he heard about what Zac had done. “He has just a ___32___ heart,” Carroll said. “Here’s a young man who’s been ___33___ sadness himself with his father passing away last summer, but he had no hesitation in saving somebody’s life.”
Zac said he was thinking of his late ___34___ as he lifted the car and wanted his neighbor to be able to spend his life with his family.
The lucky man is now ___35___ at home.
21.
A. actually B. gradually C. suddenly D. initially
22.
A. trapped B. laid C. threatened D. abandoned
23.
A. afford B. hesitate C. intend D. dare
24.
A. functioned B. maintained C. slipped D. switched
25.
A. observing B. struggling C. resisting D. crying
26.
A. delay B. recognition C. reference D. comparison
27.
A. fix B. press C. restore D. lift
28.
A. kick B. pull C. pick D. guide
29.
A. saved B. separated C. prepared D. admitted
30.
A. dizzy B. absent C. dead D. lost
31.
A. satisfied B. amazed C. confused D. excited
32.
A. healthy B. soft C. strong D. loyal
33.
A. going through B. taking on C. working out D. adapting to
34.
A. teacher B. mother C. neighbor D. father
35.
A. exercising B. competing C. promoting D. recovering
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了扎克·克拉克上周末救了被车压住的邻居，虽然他自己也因为父亲去世在经历悲伤，但他毫不犹豫地挽救了别人的生命。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们突然听到邻居的妻子在呼救。A. actually实际上；B. gradually逐渐地；C. suddenly突然；D. initially开始。根据上文“Zac Clark was doing yard work with his mother this past weekend.(扎克·克拉克上周末和他妈妈一起在院子里干活)”可知，是在干活的时候突然听到别人呼救。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉他们，她的丈夫被困在他们的车下面。A. trapped困住，诱捕；B. laid放；C. threatened威胁；D. abandoned抛弃。根据上文“their neighbor’s wife calling for help”可知，呼救是因为丈夫被困。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：扎克毫不犹豫地冲到他们家去帮忙。A. afford买得起；B. hesitate犹豫；C. intend打算；D. dare敢。根据后文“to rush over to their house to help”可知，扎克毫不犹豫地冲到他们家去帮忙。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我猜是千斤顶坏了或者滑倒了，车就压在他身上了，”扎克说。A. functioned工作；B. maintained保持；C. slipped滑倒;；D. switched转变。根据上文“I guess the jack broke or”和下文“the car fell on top of him”可知，扎克猜测是千斤顶坏了或者滑倒了，导致人被压住了。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我唯一能看到的是他的腿，他在挣扎。”A. observing观察；B. struggling挣扎，努力；C. resisting抵抗；D. crying哭泣。上文“the car fell on top of him”提到车压住了邻居，所以邻居在挣扎。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，扎克毫不迟延地走过来，用尽全力把车从邻居身上抬了起来。A. delay推迟；B. recognition认可；C. reference参考；D. comparison比较。根据上文“without any”可知，扎克救人没有迟疑，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，扎克毫不迟延地走过来，用尽全力把车从邻居身上抬了起来。A. fix修理；B. press按压；C. restore恢复；D. lift举起。根据后文“the car off his neighbor a little bit”可知，扎克把车从邻居身上抬了起来，这样他的妻子和扎克的妈妈就能把他拉出来。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他的妻子和扎克的妈妈就能把他拉出来。A. kick踢；B. pull拉；C. pick捡起；D. guide带领。根据后文“him out from under it”可知，抬起车是为了让妻子和扎克的妈妈把邻居拉出来。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被救的邻居立即被送往医院。A. saved被救的；B. separated分开的；C. prepared准备好的；D. admitted被承认的。根据后文“neighbor got rushed to the hospital.”可知，邻居得救了，被送往医院。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：扎克说：“他断了几根骨头，脸也弄得一团糟，但医生告诉他，如果我不在他身边，他就会死。”A. dizzy眩晕的；B. absent缺席的；C. dead死亡的；D. lost迷路的。根据上文“if I wasn’t there, then he’d be”可知，是扎克救了邻居，如果扎克不在，邻居估计就会死。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：扎克的足球教练戴夫·卡罗尔表示，当他听说扎克所做的事情时，他感到很惊讶。A. satisfied满意的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. confused困惑的；D. excited激动的。根据后文“when he heard about what Zac had done”指教练听到扎克的善举感到惊讶。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他有一颗坚强的心，”卡罗尔说。A. healthy健康的；B. soft柔软的；C. strong坚强的，强壮的；D. loyal忠诚的。根据后文“with his father passing away last summer, but he had no hesitation in saving somebody’s life”可知，扎克也在经历悲伤，但他毫不犹豫地挽救了别人的生命，说明很坚强。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“这是一个年轻人，他的父亲去年夏天去世了，他自己也在经历悲伤，但他毫不犹豫地挽救了别人的生命。”A. going through经历；B. taking on承担；C. working out规划；D. adapting to适应。根据后文“sadness himself with his father passing away last summer”指扎克也在经历悲伤。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：扎克说，当他抬起车的时候，他想到了他已故的父亲，希望他的邻居能够和他的家人共度一生。A. teacher老师；B. mother母亲；C. neighbor邻居；D. father父亲。上文“with his father passing away last summer”提到扎克的父亲去世了，所以当他抬起车的时候，他想到了他已故的父亲，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位幸运的男子目前正在家中康复。A. exercising锻炼；B. competing竞争；C. promoting促进；D. recovering恢复。上文“The lucky man is now”提到的幸运男子就是被救的邻居，如今在家康复。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy is ___36___ artistic practice of writing Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The development of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters ___37___ (discover) to date—about from the Shang Dynasty in Anyang, Henan province. Over time, calligraphy gradually took shape ___38___ a form of art rather than a mere means of record. The five major styles of handwriting, running, regular, official, seal and cursive (篆书和草书), were born from such calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a demanding and advanced art. The output can ___39___ (affect) by the brush, ink and paper. Structure of individual characters and spatial layout (空间布局) as a whole determine ___40___ (it) quality. Moreover, it is said that the emotions and philosophy of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy. Calligraphy is refined (文雅的) art. Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilion Preface), created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), is one of the most celebrated ___41___ (work) of Chinese calligraphy. ___42___ (possess) both historical and cultural significance in Chinese literature, it is a kind of elegant and ___43___ (express) brushwork. Calligraphy is also within reach. ___44___ there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy. The artistry is still ___45___ (high) valued today, for it is more than just writing, it is a living heritage.
【答案】36 an 37. discovered
38. as 39. be affected
40. its 41. works
42. Possessing
43. expressive
44. Where 45. highly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的文化遗产——书法。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国书法是一种通常用毛笔和墨水在宣纸上书写汉字的艺术实践。可数名词practice在文中第一次出现，表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且artistic的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国书法的发展始于迄今为止发现的最早的汉字——大约来自河南省安阳市的商代。句中已有谓语动词began，且无连词，故discover在此处应作非谓语，与其所修饰的主语the earliest Chinese characters之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“迄今发现的最早的汉字”。故填discovered。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移, 书法逐渐成为一种艺术形式，而不仅仅是一种记录手段。根据句意可知，设空处缺少一个介词且表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
【39题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：作品会受到画笔、墨水和纸张的影响。分析句子结构可知，affect与其逻辑主语output之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，前面已有情态动词can，be动词应用原形。故填be affected。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：个性的结构和整体的空间布局决定了它的品质。根据空后的名词quality可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：《兰亭序》是东晋时期（317-420）王羲之创作的，是中国最著名的书法作品之一。根据“one of the most celebrated”可知，此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一”。故填works。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它在中国文学中具有历史和文化意义，是一种优雅而富有表现力的笔触。分析句子结构可知，本句已有be动词is，possess应用作非谓语，possess(拥有)与其逻辑主语it(指代calligraphy)之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式作状语。注意句首单词的首字母要大写。故填Possessing。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它在中国文学中具有历史和文化意义，是一种优雅而富有表现力的笔触。根据空前的“elegant and”可知，此空应填形容词，与elegant并列修饰brushwork。动词express的形容词为expressive，表示“富有表现力的”。故填expressive
【44题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：有中国汉字的地方就有中国书法。空处引导地点状语从句，应用where。注意句首单词的首字母要大写。故填Where。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：如今，艺术性仍然受到高度重视，因为它不仅仅是写作，更是一种活生生的遗产。分析句子结构可知，设空处应作状语，修饰谓语is still valued，且根据句意可知，此处应将high转换为表示程度的副词，highly意为“非常”。故填highly。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 为了忆传统、品文化、秀风采，你校计划于下周五举办传统文化大赛，请你在校英文报上介绍这项活动并呼吁同学们积极参与。内容包括：
1. 介绍活动；
2. 呼吁参加。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Traditional Culture Contest
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Traditional Culture Contest
To recall our traditions, appreciate our culture and show our talents, our school will hold a traditional culture contest next Friday. The event will be held at the school meeting hall from 9:00 am to 11:00 am on March 1st. The contest includes three parts: self-introduction, poetry recitation and talent show.
All students are welcome to this event and showcase your understanding and appreciation of traditional culture.
Come and join us! Let’s celebrate our traditions and culture together!
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生在校英文报上介绍你校计划于下周五举办的传统文化大赛并呼吁同学们积极参与。
【详解】1.词汇积累
欣赏：appreciate→enjoy
举办：hold→host
比赛：contest→competition
包含：include→consist of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The contest includes three parts: self-introduction, poetry recitation and talent show.
拓展句：The contest includes three part, which are self-introduction, poetry recitation and talent show.
【点睛】[高分句型1]To recall our traditions, appreciate our culture and show our talents, our school will hold a traditional culture contest next Friday.(运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2]The event will be held at the school meeting hall from 9:00 am to 11:00 am on March 1st. (运用了一般将来时的被动语态)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The annual campus singing competition was around the corner, and posters covered the school walls, urging students to show their vocal talents. At the sight of the posters, Emma’s mind went back to that fateful day when she faced an expectant audience, their eyes fixed on her, eager to hear her sing. But as she brought the microphone to her lips, a surprising silence surrounded her. The microphone was out of function. Immediately panic surged (涌现) through her like a sudden thunderstorm, leaving her at a loss under the spotlight. The song that should have filled the room with her pleasant voice remained unsung. Then having a spare microphone didn’t prevent Emma’s performance from being influenced, resulting in her failure to secure a place.
Emma had been fond of singing from a young age and music used to be part of her life. But this deep love for singing had been overshadowed by that awful memory.
Emma paused as her eyes fell on the singing club’s invitation. She considered it for a moment. The wounds of the past still hurt. Then she finally ignored the posters and the bold advertisements as she always did. She still had no courage to overcome the barrier and step forward.
Then, on a rainy afternoon, just after a shower, something magical happened. A poor butterfly, whose shinny wings were burdened by raindrops, fell on Emma’s desk through the open window. The downpour had weighed down its delicate wings, making it temporarily unable to fly. This poor little creature caught Emma’s attention.
With a gentle touch, Emma’s finger reached out and softly brushed the butterfly, as if guided by a wave of compassion (同情). She whispered some soft words of encouragement, “You can do it.” Surprisingly, the butterfly responded to her support with determination, tirelessly waving its wings. After several attempts, the delicate creature finally took flight, dancing gracefully into the open skies.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The sight of the butterfly’s struggle left Emma deeply moved.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The day of the competition arrived.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
The sight of the butterfly’s struggle left Emma deeply moved. It was as if this delicate creature had conveyed a great message to her—the strength to overcome difficulty and take flight once more, to rise from the depths of despair. Inspired by this encounter, Emma made a resolution. She filled out the application form for the singing competition and began to make preparations diligently. The competition was scheduled for the following week in the very same music hall that held her past failure. Though she felt nervous and uneasy, she remained determined to do it.
The day of the competition arrived. Emma stepped onto the stage with newfound confidence. The microphone was no longer her enemy. She sang with grace, each note carrying the weight of her journey. When the final note echoed, the applause that followed was thunderous, filling the hall with appreciation. Emma had risen above her fears, proving that the butterfly’s struggle had become her strength. As she stepped off the stage that day, Emma realized that the past was no longer a shadow but a stepping stone to success as long as you had courage and determination.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Emma很喜欢唱歌，但是曾经在一次演唱时，麦克风突然不能使用，导致她表演失败，这给她留下了很大的伤痛。一年一度的校园歌唱比赛即将来临，学校的墙壁上贴满了海报，虽然她很想参加，但是当她看到海报时，就回想起了曾经的那场表演，她始终无法跨越这个障碍。一个雨后，一只可怜的蝴蝶落在Emma的桌子上。倾盆大雨压垮了它娇嫩的翅膀，让它暂时无法飞翔，看到这，Emma低声说了几句鼓励蝴蝶的话，令人惊讶的是，蝴蝶以坚定的态度回应了她的支持，不知疲倦地挥舞着翅膀。经过几次尝试，终于飞了起来，优雅地飞向广阔的天空。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“蝴蝶努力的情景让艾玛深受感动。”可知，第一段可描写Emma受到蝴蝶的鼓舞，决定参加歌唱比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“比赛的日子到了。”可知，第二段可描写比赛当天，Emma自信地迈上舞台，优雅地唱歌，引起了观众的热烈赞赏，她克服了恐惧，过去不再是阴影，而是只要有勇气和决心，就能成功的垫脚石。
2.续写线索：深受感动——受到鼓舞——决定报名参加——比赛的日子到来——自信地迈上舞台，优雅地唱歌——赢得观众赞赏——克服恐惧——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①克服：overcome/get over
②下定决心：make a resolution/make up one’s mind
③意识到：realize/be aware
情绪类
①紧张的：nervous/tense
②自信地：with confidence/confidently
【点睛】[高分句型1] The competition was scheduled for the following week in the very same music hall that held her past failure. （由that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] When the final note echoed, the applause that followed was thunderous, filling the hall with appreciation.（由when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的定语从句以及现在分词filling作结果状语）
[高分句型3] As she stepped off the stage that day, Emma realized that the past was no longer a shadow but a stepping stone to success as long as you had courage and determination.（由as引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句以及as long as引导的条件状语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 ABBCA 11-15 ACBAC 16-20 ВВССА2024届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
全卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上,
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题的答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C.
1. What does the man order at last
A. Chocolate cake. B. Strawberry pie. C. Ice cream.
2. How will the speakers go home
A. By train. B. By water. C. On foot.
3. What does the woman probably do
A. A coach. B. A receptionist. C. A teacher.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At the tailor’s.
B. At the hat shop.
C. In the dressing room.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A scary story. B. An adventure. C. An earthquake.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the news about the man
A. He got promoted.
B. He took a new job.
C. He gave a live performance.
7. How does the man feel now
A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Surprised.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man come here
A. To attend a meeting.
B. To visit the president.
C. To make an appointment.
9. What is the settled time
A. 8:30 am. B.11:30 am. C. 3:30 pm.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student,
B. Doctor and patient.
C. Father and daughter.
11. What happened to the woman
A. She had an accident.
B. She missed many courses.
C. She performed an operation.
12. How long will the woman be absent from school
A. About five days. B. About ten days. C. About fifteen days.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What is the first destination
A. The West Lake. B. Tiger Spring. C. The Lingyin Temple.
14. Where is the name of Tiger Spring from
A. A tale. B. A sport. C. A season.
15. What makes Longjing tea unique
A. Its pleasant taste.
B. Its health benefits.
C. Its production method.
16. What is the man about to do
A. Have a rest. B. Take photos. C. Visit another attraction.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What was John’s childhood like
A. Happy. B. Tough. C. Normal.
18. When did John drop out of the university again
A. In 1965. B. In 1969. C. In 1972.
19. What achievement did John make
A. He found a new habitat of dinosaurs.
B. He experimented on the dinosaur, Maiasaura.
C. He confirmed one characteristic of dinosaurs.
20. What position did Chapman University offer John
A. Presidential fellow. B. Research assistant. C. Technician.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Writing Contests of 2024
Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest
The Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest, an annual contest, is designed to highlight Kentucky’s rich literary talent and celebrate the best in short fiction written by Kentuckians or about our beloved Bluegrass State.
Top prize Best entry: $500
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline March 31, 2024
Fiction Factory Flash Fiction
This is an international competition—we welcome entries from around the world. Maximum word count: 1,000, Stories may be on any theme. Entries must be previously unpublished. Results will be announced by April 2024. Minimum age: 16 years. Children’s compositions cannot be accepted sadly.
Top prize Best entry: 500
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline March 31, 2024
Journalism Competition 2024
What are the most important issues taking place close to home Perhaps a rare bird sighting near your town Or a band of young people in your province fighting for access to higher education This month, involve yourself in a newsworthy event inside the borders of your own country, and invite us there through your written reporting.
Top prize Best entry: $100
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline July 22, 2024
Poetry & Spoken Word Competition 2024
“Poetry lays the foundations for a future of change,” wrote Audre Lorde. This month, sow your own seeds of change into poetry, or else write and perform an original piece of spoken word(poetry performed aloud). We’ll award two top prizes-one for a written poem, and one for a recorded performance.
Top prize Best entry: $100
Entry requirements Fee: FREE
Deadline May 27, 2024
1. Which contest accepts entries both at home and abroad
A. Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest. B. Fiction Factory Flash Fiction.
C. Journalism Competition 2024. D. Poetry&-Spoken Word Competition 2024.
2. What do we know about Poetry&-Spoken Word Competition 2024
A. It offers two first prizes. B. It only requests written compositions.
C. It provides the highest awards. D. It inspires students to perform actively.
3. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A. To compare some writing contests. B. To recommend good writing contests.
C. To share tips on winning writing contests. D. To remind students to enter writing contests.
B
“Will you go on this ride with me ”my friend’s eleven-year-old daughter Jenny asked. I could have made up an excuse for not wanting to have a go. But earlier that morning, I was ready to push myself out of my comfort zone. Jenny stared at the ride, eager to experience the same excitement as the brave group of riders in front of us. I couldn’t say no.
After climbing into our seats, an attendant reached up, pulled down the bar, and locked it in place. The ride lifted us slowly, then turned us over like the blueberry pancakes I had eaten three hours earlier, and hoped to keep in their proper place. As I stared at the concrete directly below us, I had a sudden feeling of great fear. I wondered if I had replacement coverage for the phone that I was sure would slip out of my pocket and break into a million tiny pieces. I wondered when my new health insurance would kick in.
The ride touched down after twisting and turning our bodies. My friend was waiting for us at the exit. “How was it ” she asked. “Fine. No big deal,” I said, even though my head was spinning(旋转)like one of the other annoying machines dotting the midway.
Jenny walked ahead of us and convinced me to keep taking chances and sample more rides.
“Oh, look at the pirate ship(海盗船)!” she said. “That looks like a calm ride.”
“Let’s go, Auntie!” she said as she rushed to join others in line.
I followed her, confident the ride would be uneventful. When I reached the bottom, I tapped out like a WWF wrestler admitting defeat. Although my body was shaking and my head was still spinning, I felt exhilarated just like I was on cloud nine. That morning, I had set a goal, taken my first step to reach it, and felt the joy of achievement.
Each time you try something for the first time, you will grow—a little piece of the fear of the unknown is removed and replaced with a sense of satisfaction.
4. What made the author decide to try riding with Jenny
A. The desired look in Jenny’s eyes. B. The curiosity about the unknown.
C. The encouragement from other riders. D. The eagerness to experience something exciting.
5. What happened to the author when she was in the high sky
A. She lost her phone. B. She got into a panic.
C She was served pancakes. D. She almost fell off the seat.
6. What does the underlined word “exhilarated” in paragraph 7 mean
A. Occupied. B. Excited. C. Confused. D. Disappointed.
7. What message does the story convey
A. He who hesitates is lost. B. It’s never too late to learn.
C. One’s potential can’t always be underrated. D. It’s worthwhile to get out of your comfort zone.
C
California has been using recycled wastewater for many years. A team has used it to make ice surfaces for the game of hockey(冰球运动). It has been used to make snow for the sport of skiing. And farmers use it to water their crops. But it has not been used directly for drinking water.
Recently, California officials approved new rules to let water agencies recycle wastewater and put it right back into the pipes that carry drinking water to homes, schools, and businesses. It is a big step for California.
California’s new rules would let—but not require—water agencies to take wastewater, treat it, and then put it right back into the drinking water system. That means proving to people that recycled water is not only safe to drink but also not dirty. California would be just the second US state to permit this, following Colorado. It has taken officials more than 10 years to develop these rules, a process that included several studies by independent groups of scientists.
A project in San Diego is aiming to produce nearly half of the city’s water through recycling wastewater by 2035. And the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California aims to produce up to nearly 570 million liters(升)a day for its 19 million people. Adel Hagekhalil is with Metropolitan Water. He said the new rules will permit new projects that have not yet been considered.
California’s new rules require the wastewater be treated for all bacteria and viruses, even if they are not present in the wastewater. In fact, the treatment is so intense that it removes all of the minerals that make fresh drinking water taste good. That means the minerals need to be added back at the end of the process. Polhemus is a director of the drinking water group for the California Water Resources Control Board. “It’s at the same drinking water quality, and probably better in many instances,” he said, adding that it takes time and money to build these treatment centers. So, they will only be available for bigger cities at first.
8. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about the recycled wastewater
A. Its qualities. B. Its functions.
C. Its target users. D. Its disadvantages.
9. What do California and Colorado have in common
A. They made some new rules on pollution.
B. They spent ten years recycling wastewater.
C. They tried to make wastewater safe to drink.
D. They requested water agencies to speed up treating water.
10. What is Polhemus’s attitude to turning recycled wastewater to drinking water
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Pessimistic. D. Indifferent.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. The Process of Recycling Wastewater Is Complicated
B. California Tries to Reduce the Wastewater Generation
C. California Permits Turning Wastewater to Drinking Water
D. New Wastewater Treatment Projects Have Been Approved
D
“Given that signs of Alzheimer’s disease (老年痴呆症) start to accumulate in the brain several decades before the disease begins, understanding the connection between sleep and cognition (认知) earlier in life is critical for understanding the role of sleep problems as a risk factor for the disease,” said study author Yue Leng, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco.
The study involved 526 people with an average age of 40. They were followed for 11 years. Researchers looked at participants’ sleep duration and quality. Participants wore a wrist activity monitor for three continuous days on two occasions approximately one year apart to calculate their averages. Participants slept for an average of six hours. Participants also reported bedtime and wake-up time in a sleep diary and completed a sleep quality survey with scores ranging from 0 to 21. A total of 239 people reported poor sleep with a score greater than five.
Researchers also looked at sleep fragmentation (碎片化), a measure of restlessness during the sleep period expressed as a percentage. The higher the value, the more sleep is interrupted. Participants were divided into three groups based on their sleep fragmentation score. Of the 175 people with the most interrupted sleep, 44 had poor cognitive performance 10 years later, compared to 10 of the 176 people with the least interrupted sleep.
After adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, people who had the most interrupted sleep had more than twice the possibility of having poor cognitive performance when compared to those with the least interrupted sleep. There was no difference in cognitive performance at midlife for those in the middle group compared to the group with the least interrupted sleep.
However, due to the small sample size, the researchers were unable to fully investigate potential race or sex differences. “More research is needed to assess the link between sleep disturbances and cognition at different life stages and to identify if critical life periods exist when sleep is more strongly associated with cognition,” Leng said.
12. What do we know about Yue Leng’s study
A. Data collection was an easy process. B. It aimed to find a cure for Alzheimer’s.
C. The results were far from satisfactory. D. Higher scores mean poorer sleep quality.
13. What can we learn about sleep fragmentation in the study
A. It did require outside intervention. B. It included a series of memory tests.
C. It measured short interruptions of sleep. D. It determined those participants’ groups.
14. What do the findings indicate according to the text
A. The quality of sleep may affect cognitive health.
B Keeping a sleep diary can improve one’s sleep quality.
C. People sleeping well won’t suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.
D. People with interrupted sleep won’t have memory problems.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The major limitation of the study.
B. An explanation of the research method.
C. A possible reason for the study findings.
D. The use of careful investigations in real life.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Test anxiety exists and is a common problem among students. ___16___ . When you’re stressed and anxious during an exam, your mind has a tendency to go completely blank. Here are some tips on how to reduce or overcome test anxiety.
Get to know the material
First, you need to know the topic of the exam. ___17___ . Knowing as much as possible about the material can get you ready for the test. As to any exam, learn your material thoroughly. Memorize what needs to be memorized and understand what needs to be understood.
Slow down and calm yourself
___18___ . So when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping to answer the questions, relax first to get your mind to work. Wait for the class to settle down before you start answering. Saying a few words of encouragement and conscious breathing can help you calm yourself down.
___19___
If you have an hour for an exam, try to consume every second of that hour in answering the best possible choice. There are no rewards for finishing first!
Silence unwanted pressures
Believe it or not, chances are that other students can be a source of major anxiety during the test. Seeing them cramming (恶补), telling you what you need to remember and what might show up in the exam will affect your preparation. Get past through the negative and unwanted thoughts and remind yourself of how well you know about the topic. Avoid speaking with any fellow classmates who are not prepared and who express negativity. ___20___ .
A. Dare to be the first
B. Budget and consume your time
C. A sound sleep may help you ease the test anxiety
D. They might destroy all that you have prepared for
E. Anyone taking an exam experiences some level of anxiety
F. Rushing through a test can make you read the questions and choices incorrectly
G. Also, find out how many questions there would be on the test and the required time for it
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Zac Clark was doing yard work with his mother this past weekend. They ___21___ heard their neighbor’s wife calling for help. She told them her husband was ___22___ underneath their car.
Zac didn’t ___23___ to rush over to their house to help. “Instincts (本能) kicked in and I just ran over there. I guess the jack (千斤顶) broke or ___24___ and the car fell on top of him,” Zac said. “The only thing I could see was his legs and he was ___25___ .” Then, without any ___26___ , Zac came up and used all his strength to ___27___ the car off his neighbor a little bit. Then his wife and Zac’s mom could ___28___ him out from under it. Immediately the ___29___ neighbor got rushed to the hospital.
“He had a couple of broken bones and his face was messed up pretty bad, but the doctors told him if I wasn’t there, then he’d be ___30___ ,” Zac said.
Zac’s football coach Dave Carroll said he was ___31___ when he heard about what Zac had done. “He has just a ___32___ heart,” Carroll said. “Here’s a young man who’s been ___33___ sadness himself with his father passing away last summer, but he had no hesitation in saving somebody’s life.”
Zac said he was thinking of his late ___34___ as he lifted the car and wanted his neighbor to be able to spend his life with his family.
The lucky man is now ___35___ at home.
21.
A. actually B. gradually C. suddenly D. initially
22.
A trapped B. laid C. threatened D. abandoned
23.
A. afford B. hesitate C. intend D. dare
24.
A functioned B. maintained C. slipped D. switched
25.
A. observing B. struggling C. resisting D. crying
26.
A. delay B. recognition C. reference D. comparison
27.
A. fix B. press C. restore D. lift
28.
A. kick B. pull C. pick D. guide
29.
A. saved B. separated C. prepared D. admitted
30.
A. dizzy B. absent C. dead D. lost
31.
A. satisfied B. amazed C. confused D. excited
32.
A. healthy B. soft C. strong D. loyal
33.
A. going through B. taking on C. working out D. adapting to
34.
A. teacher B. mother C. neighbor D. father
35.
A. exercising B. competing C. promoting D. recovering
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy is ___36___ artistic practice of writing Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The development of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters ___37___ (discover) to date—about from the Shang Dynasty in Anyang, Henan province. Over time, calligraphy gradually took shape ___38___ a form of art rather than a mere means of record. The five major styles of handwriting, running, regular, official, seal and cursive (篆书和草书), were born from such calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a demanding and advanced art. The output can ___39___ (affect) by the brush, ink and paper. Structure of individual characters and spatial layout (空间布局) as a whole determine ___40___ (it) quality. Moreover, it is said that the emotions and philosophy of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy. Calligraphy is refined (文雅的) art. Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilion Preface), created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), is one of the most celebrated ___41___ (work) of Chinese calligraphy. ___42___ (possess) both historical and cultural significance in Chinese literature, it is a kind of elegant and ___43___ (express) brushwork. Calligraphy is also within reach. ___44___ there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy. The artistry is still ___45___ (high) valued today, for it is more than just writing, it is a living heritage.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 为了忆传统、品文化、秀风采，你校计划于下周五举办传统文化大赛，请你在校英文报上介绍这项活动并呼吁同学们积极参与。内容包括：
1. 介绍活动；
2. 呼吁参加。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Traditional Culture Contest
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The annual campus singing competition was around the corner, and posters covered the school walls, urging students to show their vocal talents. At the sight of the posters, Emma’s mind went back to that fateful day when she faced an expectant audience, their eyes fixed on her, eager to hear her sing. But as she brought the microphone to her lips, a surprising silence surrounded her. The microphone was out of function. Immediately panic surged (涌现) through her like a sudden thunderstorm, leaving her at a loss under the spotlight. The song that should have filled the room with her pleasant voice remained unsung. Then having a spare microphone didn’t prevent Emma’s performance from being influenced, resulting in her failure to secure a place.
Emma had been fond of singing from a young age and music used to be part of her life. But this deep love for singing had been overshadowed by that awful memory.
Emma paused as her eyes fell on the singing club’s invitation. She considered it for a moment. The wounds of the past still hurt. Then she finally ignored the posters and the bold advertisements as she always did. She still had no courage to overcome the barrier and step forward.
Then, on a rainy afternoon, just after a shower, something magical happened. A poor butterfly, whose shinny wings were burdened by raindrops, fell on Emma’s desk through the open window. The downpour had weighed down its delicate wings, making it temporarily unable to fly. This poor little creature caught Emma’s attention.
With a gentle touch, Emma’s finger reached out and softly brushed the butterfly, as if guided by a wave of compassion (同情). She whispered some soft words of encouragement, “You can do it.” Surprisingly, the butterfly responded to her support with determination, tirelessly waving its wings. After several attempts, the delicate creature finally took flight, dancing gracefully into the open skies.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The sight of the butterfly’s struggle left Emma deeply moved.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The day of the competition arrived.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 ABBCA 11-15 ACBAC 16-20 ВВССА
