贵州省部分市（州）2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

贵州省部分市（州）
2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
贵州省黔东南州2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Post Office Locations & Hours
United States Postal Service(USPS) offers mailing and shipping services, Search for a USPS location near you to see the available services and holiday closing hours. You can also find smaller postal units, retailers that sell stamps, blue collection mailboxes, and 24-hour USPS kiosks(小亭).
USPS Holiday Service Schedule
All post office locations will be closed on Christmas Day(Dec. 25) and New Year's Day (Jan. 1). Regular post office hours and mail delivery will resume(恢复) after each holiday. Business Customers: Check your Bulk Mail(大宗邮件) Entry Unit for hours of operation.
December 24(Christmas Eve); December 25(Christmas Day); December 31(New Year's Eve); January 1(New Year's Day). ●Local post office locations will be closed. ●Blue Collection Boxes: Mail will not be picked up. ●Regular mail will not be delivered. ●Priority Mail Express mail will be delivered.
Note:
●Deliveries on Christmas Eve(Dec. 24) and Christmas Day(Dec. 25) are made only in limited locations. An extra fee for those deliveries will be assessed.
●Not a guarantee, unless otherwise noted. For Priority Mail Express shipments mailed from December 22 to December 25, the money-back guarantee applies only if the shipment was not delivered, or delivery was not attempted, within two business days.
●Deliveries on New Year's Eve(Dec. 31) and New Year's Day(Jan. 1) are made only in limited locations. An extra fee for those deliveries will be assessed.
21. On which day can you mail things as usual at a local post office
A. Dec. 24. B. Dec. 25. C. Dec. 30. D. Dec. 31.
22. What should you do to get your mail delivered on New Year's Day
A. Pay extra fees. B. Reserve in advance.
C. Call the local post office. D. Wait outside the post office.
23. Where is the text most likely taken from
A. A test report. B A travel brochure.
C. An official website. D. An entertainment magazine.
B
Orla Walsh was not exactly an example of good health. Back in 2014, the 25-year-old then was fully occupied with her work and graduate study in Dublin, mostly eating on the go. "Iwas feeding on quick, easy food like sandwiches, "she said. "I stayed up a lot and the gym was a foreign concept for me for I did not work out at all. " That changed the following year when Walsh needed a convenient , reliable and budget-friendly way to get to and from class. "Driving was expensive, and public transportation in the Irish capital left much to be desired, "she said. She turned instead to cycling.
At first, Walsh was doubtful. "I didn't want to wear the same suits like other riders because it looked strange for me, " she joked. But as soon as she gave it a go, she was spellbound. The six miles she had to cover on her commute(上下班往返) each way didn't seem like so much. "I can't believe how quick and easy that was, "Walsh said. "The more I cycled, the easier it got, and I started getting faster. I think what I enjoyed the most was the freedom the bike gave me. "
In early 2016, she took the next step and joined a local cycling club, where she took part in long group rides. But something incredible was happening at the same time. As her weekly mileage(里程数) increased, her unhealthy habits fell by the wayside. She cleaned up her diet and cut back on burning the midnight oil. "I gradually got rid of that bad habit after joining in training, "she said.
Then, thanks to the encouragement of other club members, she tried open road racing. At first, she was overwhelmed by the competition, getting dropped by other members on every climb. Yet she kept pushing and viewing the failures as learning experience. "I was enjoying the challenges and was more confident, "she said.
24. Which of the following can best describe Walsh's lifestyle in 2014
A. Simple. B. Decent. C. Fashionable. D. Unhealthy.
25. What made Walsh turn to cycling
A. Her curiosity about cycling. B. Her wish to break bad habits.
C. Club members' encouragement. D. Poor means of transportation.
26. What does the underlined word"spellbound"in paragraph 3 mean
A. Fascinated. B. Bored. C. Threatened. D. Embarrassed.
27. How did cycling benefit Walsh
A. By inspiring her to realize her dream.
B. By teaching her to brave challenges.
C. By encouraging her to be competitive.
D. By pushing her to connect with others.
C
Most of us look forward to the weekend as a time to relax, connect with friends andfamily, and handle items from a to-do list that gets unnoticed during the work week. But as the weekday does come to an end, many of us are missing out on enjoying the weekend and instead experiencing a sense of anxiety and even fear for the upcoming week. Experts call thisphenomenon Sunday scaries.
Sunday scaries, also known as the Sunday blues, arise when individuals expect the upcoming work week with a combination of various factors such as work-related concerns, unfinished tasks, the end of weekend relaxation, and the pressure to start the new week. As a result, individuals may find it challenging to unwind and relax before the new week begins.
A clinical psychologist, Renée Goff, said, "Sunday scaries are more than a physical heaviness for them, but they could even jump out of their skins due to the upcoming week. The negative emotions associated with Sunday scaries can have a significant impact on one’s mental well-being and overall productivity. "
"As a matter of fact, such anticipatory anxiety is a natural response that happens inpreparation for anything that can cause pain or discomfort, "explains psychotherapist Angela Ficken. "Sunday scaries might even start bubbling up as early as Saturday, but tend to become less intense by the time Monday morning rolls around when you start your work week. This doesn't mean we leave them unchecked. "
To battle anticipatory anxiety for the upcoming week, individuals can adopt self-care practices that promote relaxation and stress reduction. This may include engaging in hobbies, spending time in nature, exercising, practicing mindfulness or simply dedicating time to disconnect from work-related thoughts. Additionally, we can organize tasks for the upcoming week in advance to create a sense of control, reduce the Sunday scaries and promote a healthier work-life balance.
28. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To lead in the topic of the text.
B. To tell background for the text.
C. To offer suggestions to readers.
D. To stimulate readers to imagine.
29. How does -Renée Goff find-Sunday scaries
A. Avoidable. B. Imaginary. C. Harmful. D. Normal.
30. What can be inferred about Sunday scaries from Angela Ficken's words
A. They strengthen on Monday morning.
R. They tend to die down before Saturday.
C. They will in no case disappear naturally.
D. They should be brought to our attention.
31. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. Theoretical basis for Sunday scaries.
B. Approaches to fighting Sunday scaries.
C. Positive aspects of anticipatory anxiety.
D. Extreme suffering from Sunday scaries.
D
We all love butterflies. Their beautiful wings attract us, and their presence lights up our garden. Well, that's our view of butterflies, but have you ever wondered what plants think of them
The butterflies’ eggs lie on the underside of the leaves. The eggs themselves don't damageplants. However, upon coming into contact with the eggs, the plants become oversensitive. It means that once a plant recognizes a pest, it will cause death in the contacted plant part. When these dead leaves or partial leaf parts break away from the plant, the eggs on them fall off. Along with the hypersensitivity response, plants also produce something special, which can attract animals to eat the eggs, thus preventing damage in the future.
After the baby butterflies come out of their eggs, the caterpillar(毛虫) stage begins. Most caterpillars feed on the leaves of the plants, damaging some of the plants in your own garden. Incredibly, they are major plant pests that bring about major losses to farmers. The next stage is pupa(蛹). The caterpillars begin their change into an adult. They don't depend on the energy that the leaves provide. Finally, they become adult butterflies that have wings and move from one plant to the other. They feed on the sweet liquid produced by flowers.
While on their search for food, the butterflies carry pollen(花粉) on their body. They are key pollinators that place pollen from one flower to another in ecosystem. Plants that have flowers will create some special features to draw these pollinators' attention. Certain plants have flowers giving off smells that can charm butterflies when they are looking for a mate. Some plants even have flat flowers to assist butterflies when landing.
Butterflies aid in pollination during their final adult stage. Thus, they change intobeneficial insects to plants. This change makes butterflies an important friend of plants, despite being a hated enemy in previous life cycle stages!
32. How does a plant respond to butterflies' eggs
A. It tries to get rid of them.
B. It tries to appeal to them.
C. It grows a little better with them.
D. It protects them from being eaten.
33. When do butterflies cause the greatest damage to agriculture
A. In the period of egg-laying.
B. In the period of caterpillar.
C. In the period of pupa.
D. In the period of adult.
34. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4
A. Describe the process of pollination.
B. Stress the importance of pollination.
C. Show how flowers attract butterflies.
D. Explore how adult butterflies develop.
35. What can be the best title for the text
A. Why do flowers need butterflies' pollination
B. How do plants defend themselves from pests
C. Are butterflies’ life cycles similar to the plants’
D. Are butterflies beneficial or harmful to plants
贵州省遵义市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末质量监测英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Best films to watch in December
Wonka
Paddington 2 has been one of the all-time great family films. Now its director, Paul King, and his co-writer, Simon Farnaby, have turned their attention to another much-loved British children’s book character, Willy Wonka from Roald Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. In this musical film, the top-hatted Wonka opens his first sweet shop, with the help of an Oompa-Loompa.
Released from 6 December internationally
The Boy and the Heron
Hayao Miyazaki is the director of My Neighbour Tororo and Howl’s Moving Castle. Now aged 82, he has said that his latest film. The Boy and the Heron, will be his last. Beginning with the bombing of Tokyo during World War Two, the story moves first to the countryside and then to a magical realm reminiscent of Spirited Away.
Released on 8 December in the US and Canada, and 25 December in the UK and Ireland
Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom
Momoa is back as Arthur Curry, the king of Atlantis. The film’s director, James Wan told Clark Collis at Entertainment Weekly, “The beauty of this movie, this Aquaman world, is that… we are our own separate universe.”
Released from 20 December internationally
Leave the World Behind
A family is having a quiet holiday in a rented house when some uninvited visitors announce that the world is coming to an end. That was the beginning of Leave the World Behind, another thriller adapted from a novel. A two-hour descent into chaos that is interesting and absolutely frightening… Just don’t expect to sleep easily after seeing it.
Released on 8 December on Netflix internationally
1. Who is the director of the musical film
A.Paul King. B. James Wan. C. Hayao Miyazaki D. Simon Farnaby.
2. When can people in London see The Boy and the Heron
A. On 8 December. B. On 20 December.
C. On Thanksgiving Day. D. On Christmas Day.
3. Which will you choose to see if you are interested in horror films
A. Wonka. B. The Boy and the Heron.
C. Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom. D. Leave the World Behind.
B
Nine-year-old Abdulwal Abdula lifted his right arm and waved guests goodbye as they left his house. What appeared a simple gesture was only possible because people from different walks of life raced against time to save the boy’s severed right arm more than two years ago.
On April 30, 2021, Abdulwal’s right arm was severed when it got caught in the motor of a running tractor. Realizing the complexity involved in reattaching the arm, the local hospital decided to transfer the boy to the traditional Chinese medicine hospital of Urumqi, about 1,400 kilometers away, for a surgery that had to be performed within eight hours. But by the time Abdulwal was sent to the airport in Hotan, the last flight to Urumqi that night was already on the runway and ready for takeoff.
Everyone knew that if Abdulwal missed the flight he would lose his right arm, and possibly his life. Air traffic control workers immediately contacted the pilots and asked them to wait, while officials at the airport rushed to arrange permission for the plane to return to the terminal and pick up the boy. With permission granted, Abdulwal and his severed arm, packed in a medical bag, were carried onboard. None of the passengers complained about the delay.
Once the plane landed in Urumqi a series of green channels ensured Abdulwal reached the hospital in the shortest time. The surgery started seven-and-a-half hours after the accident. His severed limb was successfully reattached and the broken bone fragments rearranged.
The story went viral (走红) on social media, touching all people who could not stop praising the efforts made by so many people to save the boy. The extraordinary story inspired a film, Ordinary Hero, in 2022.
Abdulwal said he had watched the movie twice. “It reminds me of how many people have helped me. They aren’t ordinary people, but superheroes to me.” His mother said that the doctor who reattached Abdulwal’s arm often calls to check on him and give advice on recovery. “I want to be a doctor when I grow up, so that I can help others,” Abdulwal said.
4. What was the key factor in the process of rescuing the boy
A. Money. B. Time C. Medicine. D. Information.
5. What do we know about the boy
A. He was cured in the local hospital.
B. He was badly injured in an air crash.
C. His arm recovered well with joint efforts.
D. His surgery lasted seven and a half hours.
6. Why does the doctor often call Abdulwal
A. To offer some help. B. To ask about his ambition.
C. To express his sympathy. D. To check on his recovery.
7. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A news report. B. A film review.
C. A medical magazine. D. A biography.
C
Britain has a stubborn enemy called the “devil plant” the Japanese knotweed (虎杖). The name originated in Japan, but it became a promoter behind a plant disaster in Britain. Initially it was introduced to England as a landscape plant. However, over time it has evolved into a harsh plant difficult to control.
The plant is disreputable (坏名声的) mainly because of its strong ability to survive. The Japanese knotweed can grow at an amazing speed. What’s more, Japan’s knotweed is penetrating. As long as you give it a small gap, it can follow it and make rapid growth. This gap may be a crack in the road, or a wall crack in the house, and even some Japanese knotweed will start to grow from the foundation of the house, gradually “destroy” the whole house. Such an invasion (入侵) is a nightmare for the British. The British simply love and hate the plant, but so far, they are still unable to find an effective way to remove it.
Fortunately, China’s knotweed is not identical to Japan’s, and in the China’s ecosystem, there are many natural enemies against it. As a result, China has not experienced a knotweed invasion as severe as Britain. Additionally, its tender stem can be made into delicious food. The root of knotweed is a very good Chinese medicine. Therefore, in some places there’s also a need to plant knotweed, to obtain economic benefits.
This case gives us a profound inspiration that it is important to be careful when introducing alien species and to fully understand the characteristics of plants or animals and the effects they may cause in a new environment, otherwise it may be easy to spend a huge amount of money every year to clean up the Japanese knotweed, as in the UK.
8. Why did Britain bring in Japanese knotweed at first
A. To make profits. B. For decoration.
C. For scientific research. D. To promote biodiversity.
9. What does the underlined word “penetrating” mean in paragraph 2
A. Fading away. B. Dying out.
C. Multiplying rapidly. D. Growing steadily.
10. What can we infer from paragraph 3
A. China’s ecosystem is not damaged by knotweed.
B. Knotweed is in great demand in the whole China.
C. Knotweed has made most of the Chinese people rich.
D. Chinese medicine includes knotweed’s stems and roots.
11. What’s the best title for the text
A. A Natural Phenomenon We Know
B. A Plant That People Love and Hate
C. Alien Species’ Effect on the Local Economy
D. The Fight Against Invasive Plants and Animals
D
Undoubtedly, music can comfort the soul for some, and it could also be a temporary reliever for physical pain. Listening to favorite songs could reduce people’s sensibility of pain, according to a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Pain Research. And the most effective pain relievers were songs describing bittersweet experiences and causing strong feelings.
The study invited 63 young adults to bring two of their favorite songs, which were required to be at least 3 minutes and 20 seconds long. One selection represented their favorite music of all time, and the other was the song they could use to comfort loneliness. The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants. Each person experienced 7-minute blocks (隔音) where they were instructed to stare at a monitor screen while listening to their favorite music, or one of the seven relaxing instrumental songs, or a scrambled (打乱) version of both songs and the relaxing song chosen. One 7-minute block had people sitting in silence. All the while, the researchers stuck a hot object to the participants’ left inner forearms. When assessing their experiences, people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing song or silence.
After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain, the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with cheerful themes. People who listened to bittersweet songs also reported more chills — the thrill and tremble you get on your skin from listening to pleasurable music. “When people are listening to music they enjoy, by our measurements it can reduce the pain that we’re feeling by 10%,” said Patrick, a professor of biomedical and molecular sciences.
12.Which kind of music can best relieve pain according to the study
A. Relaxing music. B. Unfamiliar music.
C. Emotive music. D. Instrumental music.
13. What’s the second paragraph mainly about
A. The explanation of concepts. B. The process of the experiment.
C. The presentation of study findings. D. The application of research methods.
14. What is true about the participants in the experiment
A. Their sensibility of pain was evaluated.
B They listened to the music in the open air.
C. They each listened to three pieces of music.
D. They brought two favorite songs randomly.
15. What can we learn from Patrick’s statement
A. Listening to songs can decrease our pain to 10%.
B. The more music you enjoy, the less pain you feel.
C. Certain types of music can help you feel less pain.
D. Feelings of pain can’t be measured by instruments.
贵州省铜仁市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Simple Sports Themed Activities
Kids love learning about sports and engaging in sports themed activities! This free simple activity plan includes doable (可做的) sports activity ideas that are perfect for preschoolers.
Literacy: Football Name Dot (画点) It!
Draw a football outline on a sheet of paper. Label it with letters including letters in your child’s name. Write your child’s name on the page and then have them hunt to find and dot all the letters in their names on the football.
Math: Sports Flag Line Up
Cut out multiple colored paper flags. Label each with a number from first to tenth. Lay the flags flat on the ground or stick on the wall with painter’s tape. Have your child order the flags. Say things like: The second flag is blue. Where is the green flag in the line What flag is the 4th in the line
Create: Decorate A Shirt
Draw a painting of a sports shirt on a large sheet of paper. Set out various supplies for decorating like markers, paint sticks, stickers, etc. Ask your child to design and decorate their very own sports shirt! I had my girls include their own name and sports number.
Gross Motor: Sports Themed Obstacle(障碍) Course
Use tapes, chalk, balls and bats and so on to create your own sports themed obstacle course. Add things like making a basket jumping, swimming under the rope, swinging the bat 5 times, etc. Get creative and have fun! This is such a great way to get your kids moving!
1．Who is the text intended for
A．Coaches. B．Policemen. C．Managers. D．Parents.
2．What is the purpose of Gross Motor: Sports Themed Obstacle Course
A．To let children know some different sports.
B．To make children do more physical activities.
C．To help children get some sports techniques.
D．To encourage children to play with the best players.
3．Which best shows children’s designing abilities
A．Literacy: Football Name Dot It! B．Math: Sports Flag Line Up.
C．Create: Decorate A Shirt. D．Gross Motor: Sports Themed Obstacle Course.
B
Mu Sa, a livestream (直播的) host, is a model of how the Internet has transformed many young unemployed people into useful talents contributing to society.
After graduating from university, Mu worked as an office clerk in Shanghai, a marketing assistant in Beijing and a data analyst in Hangzhou. Each time he struggled to realize his dream in big cities. However, Mu at last found that what touched him most was homesickness. Thus, Mu returned home at 25 in November 2021.
Mu, who has a little hearing problem caused by a fever at the age of 10, thought of himself a failure at first. Leaving their village had been a goal for all rural children of his generation. However, he was not deterred by his difficulties and quickly lifted himself up. Mu decided to pick up his cell phone and begin creating short videos about local people’s daily lives at home and uploading them online. A video showing his mother cooking local food turned out to be a surprise hit. Even his mother was shocked that so many viewers, who commented that the video evoked (勾起) memories of their own moms and hometowns, could be interested in a daily routine.
Mu said it was the success of this video that inspired him to carry on. He gradually found that village-related content was popular among his followers. Many fans know about his hometown Dazhanchang and the lives of local residents in Northwest China through Mu’s work. As his work attracts more and more followers, Mu has started publishing short videos on an almost daily basis. He faithfully records the daily lives of those around him, and releases the videos at 6 pm most days. Some people say his videos give people a quiet, poetic and idyllic (田园诗般的) feeling.
4．Why did Mu Sa return home in November 2021
A．He missed his home. B．He suffered a disability.
C．He required motivation. D．He lacked a sense of safety.
5．What does the underlined word “deterred” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Beaten. B．Discovered. C．Grasped. D．Attacked.
6．Why is the video about his mother popular
A．The food there is unique. B．Her daily routine is striking.
C．It brought back good memories. D．She displayed superb cooking skills.
7．Which word can best describe Mu Sa according to the last paragraph
A．Reliable. B．Grateful. C．Curious. D．Diligent.
C
In recent years, extreme weather has been on the rise. From wildfires in California, US to record-breaking rainfall in northern China this summer and most recently the flood in Libya which claimed thousands of lives, Earth seems to be whipped by extreme climate and weather patterns.
Climate whiplash (气候鞭打), or weather whiplash, refers to a quick change from one extreme weather pattern to another. It is caused by global warming. A warmer atmosphere can hold more steam. As the Earth gets warmer, more water is contained in the atmosphere. Once the temperature gets colder, it often rains more heavily. This explains why a drought is often followed by extremely heavy rain.
The region hit hardest by climate whiplash is California. Over the past decade, California has experienced lasting droughts, wildfires, heavy rainfalls, and floods. It seems that the state is either on fire or in flooding with little in between. Researchers estimate that by the end of this century, the frequency of climate whiplash will jump by 25 percent in northern California as Earth continues to become warmer.
Apart from wildfires and floods, studies showed that climate whiplash also has an impact on water quality. During dry days, the fertilizer (肥料) farmers use for plants cannot be absorbed by thirsty and dying plants. Then the following heavy rain washes the remaining fertilizer into rivers, polluting the water.
How can we deal with climate whiplash The key lies in fighting global warming. That is to say, humans have to largely reduce the use of fossil fuels (化石燃料). Climate whiplash would happen more frequently in the future, should we fail to fight global warming effectively. Therefore, it is urgent that nations around the world double down on efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
8．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The effects of global warming. B．The causes of global warming.
C．The results of climate whiplash. D．The principle behind climate whiplash.
9．What do we know about climate whiplash in northern California
A．It has resulted in reduced droughts.
B．It is expected to occur more frequently.
C．It has primarily affected northern California.
D．It causes more floods here than in other US states.
10．How does climate whiplash contribute to water pollution
A．Unabsorbed plant fertilizer is washed into the water.
B．More plastic waste is brought into the water by floods.
C．Dry weather affects pollutant concentrations in water.
D．Heavy rains carry more industrial waste into the water.
11．What does the author say about climate whiplash
A．It is not as serious as commonly believed.
B．It can be solved by reducing fossil fuel usage.
C．It is linked with our efforts to fight global warming.
D．It will cause the global temperature to rise annually.
D
In October, Mediterranean fruit flies were discovered in an area of Los Angeles. California is a big farming state, and this was serious news for farmers. The key to the problem may seem a little unusual: releasing millions more of the flies.
The Mediterranean fruit fly, often known as the “Medfly”, is one of the most serious threats faced by farmers worldwide. Once the pest makes its way into an area, it can be very hard to remove. The flies lay their eggs in over 300 kinds of fruits and vegetables. When the eggs hatch, they turn into worm-like larvae (幼虫) that can destroy these products.
Three Mediterranean fruit flies were discovered in a Los Angeles neighborhood called Leimert Park in October. To stop the problem from spreading, the government set up a large quarantine (隔离) area, which means that no produce (fruits, nuts, or vegetables)can be moved out of that area. The quarantine area is 90 square miles.
That may seem extreme, since only three Medflies were found, but experts believe there are probably more out there. “It’s really important to get on top of this fast,” said Jason Leathers. Luckily, California has developed a program to control Medflies, and it’s been working well for 30 years. The plan involves using planes to drop millions of Medflies over the area. That may sound like a bad idea, but it’s actually a good way to make sure that Medfly numbers go down.
The airplanes only drop male flies, and all of them have been treated so that they can’t help produce new fruit flies. The males are sterile (不育的). This means that even though they can mate with female fruit flies, the eggs produced will never grow or hatch. The plan has worked well in the past. The government says that the number of flies has been cut by over 90%. To deal with the problem near Leimert Park, the government will be dropping two airplane loads of sterile Medflies every week.
12．Why is the figure mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To show farmers require more help. B．To stress the great harm done by the Medfly.
C．To remind people to be particular about health. D．To appeal for urgent concerns about the Medfly.
13．Why was a large quarantine area founded
A．To destroy the native produce. B．To limit the spread of the Medfly.
C．To kill the Medfly completely. D．To reduce the losses of local farmers.
14．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．California values the control of Medflies. B．Using planes to drop Medflies saves money.
C．Jason Leathers is in charge of Medflies’ study. D．The public care little about killing Medflies.
15．What is the text
A．A research article. B．A short story. C．A news report. D．An agricultural research.
贵州省安顺市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Shakespeare once wrote that all the world is a stage, but these days it's more like a movie set. Get to know some films to find fantastic film locations(地点), you should check out on your travels.
The Sound of Music
Austria's hills are certainly alive with the sound of music and tourists. Mozart may have been born in Salzburg, but The Sound of Music really put it on the map and now about 70 percent of people visit it because of the movie. Cross Residenzplatz Square and visit the Palace of Leopoldskron where the children in the film fell into the lake.
Troy
Although the Palace of Troy was filmed on sets built at Shepperton Studios in the UK, most of the 2004 movie was shot in Malta and Baja California, Mexico, Malta with historic sites arid beautiful blue waters was a good choice to replace Greece. Troy was shot at a host of locations, including Golden Bay, Hal Far as well as Fort Ricasoli where the city of Troy was constructed. The Trojan horse from the film is now lying on the waterfront in Canakkale, Turkey.
Bridget Jones's Diary
Bridget Jones is brought to life as we watch the work and romance in London. Her special corner flat is above the Globe Tavern by Borough Market, one of the city's oldest and biggest food markets. According to The Telegraph, it would be highly unlikely that she could afford to buy a place like that today since it has risen in value by more than 240 percent.
Harry Potter
J. K. Rowling started writing the Harry Potter books while she was living in Edinburgh, Scotland, so it's no surprise that she set most of the story there. The Hogwarts Express travels through the Scottish Highlands and along the 31 meters high Glenfinnan Viaduct. The second highest waterfall in the UK, Steal Falls can be seen during Quidditch matches.
1. What does the author imply by stating "Shakespeare once wrote that all the world is a stage, but these days it's more like a movie set”
A. A greater number of films are being produced.
B. Many locations are known for their use in movies.
C. The increase in movies requires more set locations.
D. The entire world has turned into a large stage for arts.
2. Which of these films is set in multiple(多个的)countries
A. The Sound of Music B. Troy.
C. Bridget Jones's Diary. D. Harry Potter
3. What is similar about the last two movies
A. The authors of both films lived in the same house.
B. Both primarily focus on romantic themes.
C. A majority of their plot takes place in the UK.
D. They have contributed to increasing house prices.
B
Most 5-year-olds are just learning their ABCs but one little girl from the UK has actually written a book that was published in January 2022. Bella-Jay Dark from Weymouth, is the world's youngest female to be published and was awarded the title by Guinness World Records. Her book, The Lost Cat tells the story of Snowy, a cat who got lost after going outside alone at night. She hopes the book will teach children not to go outside at night alone.
While many adult writers find inspiration for their books from life experiences, Bella's creative vision actually came from one of her drawings. "It started off as a picture. My daddy said I could make a book and a story came from the picture, ”Bella said.
Her mom, Chelsie Syme, was surprised that the book turned out as well as it did. "I am just really proud of her; I did not think it was going to go this far, so I'm just proud and want to see her get the acknowledgement she deserves. ”
But how do you get a child's homemade book published According to Syme, they took Bella's book to a book fair and found a publisher willing to take a chance on it. Syme helped Bella with proofing copies(校对本)and making necessary changes. To earn the Guinness World Record title of The World's Youngest Published Author, female, the book has to be published by a commercial publishing house and have at least 1000 copies printed and sold. Bella's book met the criteria, so she was awarded the title.
Besides being an accomplished author, Bella is just a regular kid who enjoys reading, swimming, and playing on her tablet. In her free time, she is currently working on a sequel(续 篇)to Snowy's story. Who knows what pearls of wisdom will come next
4. Who is Snowy
A. A cat in Bella's work. B. A lost child.
C. Bella's lost cat. D. A talented writer
5. What is the inspiration for Bella's published book
A. Bella's life experiences.
B. The words said by her father.
C. A picture she drew herself.
D. A storybook bought by her father.
6. What does the underlined word “criteria” probably mean in paragraph 4
A. standards. B. difficulties. C. wishes. D. guesses.
7. What can we infer about Bella
A. Her father is a painter.
B. Her mother is strict with her.
C. She wants to help children with her book.
D. She pays much attention to protecting animals.
C
Here are two interesting questions. Are you very happy with your life now Are people happier as they get older A study found that people generally become happier and experience less worry after age 50. In fact, it-found that by the age of 85, people are happier with their life than they were at 18.
The finding came from a Gallup survey of more than 340, 000 adults between the age of 18 and 85 in the United States.
Arthur Stone, a professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of 22 and 25. Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties
Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies. But the people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties. The survey also found that men and women had similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men did.
The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.
So why would happiness increase with age One theory is that, as people get older, they become more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.
The original goal of the study was to confirm the popular belief that aging is connected with increased sleep problems. The survey did find an increase during middle age, especially in women. But except for that, people reported that they felt their sleep quality, improved as they got older.
8. Based on the study, which adult age group experiences the most stress
A. Adults in their 20s. B. Adults in their 50s.
C. Adults in their 70s. D. Adults in their 80s.
9. What conclusion can be drawn from the text
A. Stress levels significantly decrease as people age.
B. Young adults face less stress due to better health.
C. People in their 70s experience the greatest happiness.
D. Women of different ages tend to experience more negative emotions than men.
10. What could be a likely reason for older people feeling happier
A. The elderly don't have the burden of daily hard work.
B. The elderly have ample financial resources.
C. The elderly feel more grateful for their lives.
D. The elderly often focus more on negative events for longer periods.
11. What is TRUE according to the findings of the study
A. Aging leads to increased sleep issues.
B. The older one gets, the poorer the sleep quality.
C. Sleep quality declines in middle age but improves in later years.
D. There's a link between sleep and happiness.
D
A recent report revealed that, in the US alone, 27 million tons of plastic ended up in landfills in 2018, but only 3. 1 million tons were recycled. Worldwide the numbers are similarly bad, with just 9%of plastic being recycled. The statistics are even worse for certain types of plastic. For example, out of 80, 000 tons of polystyrene(聚苯乙烯)containers generated in the United States, only a small amount (less than 5, 000 tons) was recycled.
Now, researchers at The University of Queensland have found a species of worm with an appetite for polystyrene could be the key to plastic recycling on a mass scale. The superworm can eat through polystyrene, thanks to a bacterial enzyme(酶)in their gut. To study how superworms react to purely plastic food, researchers broke up 135 of the creatures into three teams: one was fed only wheat bran(麸皮), another was fed only plastics, and the third was given nothing
“We found the bran-fed worms have been significantly healthier than the plastic-fed or starved worms, more than doubling their weight over the three weeks they have been monitored. Though the plastic-fed worms made less impressive gains, they still put on more weight than the starved worms, ”Dr. Rinke said. “This suggests the worms can get energy from plastics, most likely with the help of their gut microbes. "
Researchers used a technique called metagenomics to find several encoded enzymes with the ability to degrade(降低)polystyrene. The long-term goal is to engineer enzymes to degrade plastic waste in recycling plants.
“Superworms are like mini recycling plants, eating the polystyrene and then feeding it to the bacteria in their gut, "Dr. Rinke said. It's hoped this bio-upcycling will promote plastic waste recycling and reduce landfills. Researchers said they aim to grow the gut bacteria in the lab and further test its ability to degrade polystyrene. Then they can look into how to upscale this process to a level required for an entire recycling plant.
12. What problem do the statistics in paragraph 1 indicate
A. Landfills are poorly managed.
B. It takes a long time for plastic waste to break up.
C. Many plastic containers are of poor quality.
D. The rate of recycled plastics are very low.
13. How do researchers conduct the study on superworms
A. By making a comparison. B. By collecting data.
C. By introducing a concept. D. By referring to a previous study.
14. What can we infer from Dr Rinke's words
A. Superworms could survive on only eating polystyrene.
B. Superworms showed little interest in wheat bran.
C. Plastic-fed worms had an obvious increase in weight.
D. Bran-fed worms had a longer lifespan than plastic-fed worms.
15. What do researchers plan to do
A. Conduct experiments on other worm species.
B. Improve gut bacteria's ability to degrade plastics.
C. Raise superworms on a mass scale to solve plastic pollution.
D. Apply the bio-upcycling technology to recycling plants.
贵州省黔南布依族苗族自治州2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Amazing Animal Stories
Raven Winter
By Susanna Bailey
Billie is struggling with problems at home when she discovers an injured young bird and begins nursing it back to health. Soon, she finds new friendship and hope. Set in England’s snowy Yorkshire Dales, this is a heartfelt story about the special connect ion between a girl and a bird.
The Lost Whale
By Hannah Gold
Hannah Gold, who won the Blue Peter Book Award for Best Story for her first book The Last Bear, returns with another wonderful animal adventure. When lonely Rio is sent to stay with his grandmother, he soon finds himself searching for a missing whale.
Meg and Merlin: Making Friends
By Tanya Landman
Meg loves horses but she knows her parents can’t afford a horse—in fact, they can’t even afford to pay for her weekly riding lesson. Then, on her 10th birthday, Meg finds a horse in her front garden! Have her wishes come true The first in a series, this short book will especially delight readers who love horses.
The Adventure Club: Tiger in Trouble
By Jess Butterworth
The Adventure Club loves exploring animals and adventure. In this story, Tilly and her friends set out to India to help at a wildlife reserve. There, they encounter antelopes, crocodiles and elephants—but what has become of the tiger Written as if it is Tilly’s diary, this is perfect for younger readers.
1．What do we know about The Lost Whale
A．It wins a book award. B．It is about an animal adventure.
C．It is set in England’s Yorkshire Dales. D．It tells a story between Rio and his grandmother.
2．Which book is about a story between a girl and a horse
A．Raven Winter. B．The Lost Whale.
C．Meg and Merlin: Making Friends. D．The Adventure Club: Tiger in Trouble.
3．What do the four stories have in common
A．They are all diaries.
B．They all center on girls.
C．They all inspire readers to protect environment.
D．They all are about animal and human connection.
B
A Chinese woman who lost an eye in a road accident a decade ago has received high praise for developing cool-looking artificial eyes as she struggles to overcome appearance anxiety that often accompanies such a loss.
The former dancer and actress from Beijing, who is known by her online nickname, Xintong, completed the process of becoming a self-taught artificial eye maker, in 2020.
She spent years improving her skills through trial and error, driven by a desire to help others with a similar disability rediscover their confidence.
A decade after she lost her right eye in a car accident aged 18, and following years of self-hating, Xintong now runs her own artificial eye-making workshop.
From the beginning, her aim has been to help people like her by providing them with custom-made artificial eyes. “Because I once got wet in the rain, I now want to give others an umbrella,” she said.
The idea came from a “very cool” overseas artificial eye maker who did not care what other people said or thought about people who had lost an eye.
“People already look at me in a strange way, so why not exaggerate how I appear and use that to my advantage ” Xintong said.
However, Xintong found the artificial eyes she had to wear both ugly and uncomfortable. “I thought to myself, it would be great if I could produce ones according to my own taste,” she recalled.
She pursued her dream and in 2020 quit her teaching job to devote herself full-time to artificial eye-making.
Now she’s mastered the technique of making her ideal artificial eyes, opened a workshop and hired three assistants.
4．What do we know about Xintong
A．She lost both of her eyes in a traffic accident recently.
B．She was worried about her looking after losing her eye.
C．She is highly praised for overcoming her appearance anxiety.
D．She learnt to make artificial eyes from others in 2020.
5．Why does Xintong run an artificial eye-making workshop
A．To make money.
B．To rediscover her confidence.
C．To provide the disabled with custom-made artificial eyes.
D．To buy others an umbrella to avoid getting wet.
6．How did Xintong feel about the artificial eyes in the beginning
A．She was unsatisfied with them. B．She found them very comfortable.
C．She thought them very attractive. D．She found them suitable to her taste.
7．Which of the following can best describe Xintong
A．Humorous and positive. B．Caring and persevering.
C．Generous and creative. D．Reliable and independent.
C
The tickbird and the giraffe have a connection relationship that some scientists describe as win-win relationship and some as parasitism (寄生). This interspecies partnership is imbalanced in favor of the giraffe because it can live without the tickbird, while the tickbird is dependent on the giraffe for food resource.
The giraffe is a large mammal that lives in Africa along with other large grass-eaters. All these and many others host the tickbird. This bird has long been thought to remove ticks (扁虱) from its host, to the benefit of both—the bird eats the ticks, and the host is relieved of blood-sucking, disease-carrying insects—but recent studies reveal that this process is less than good. A secondary benefit to a host from the tickbirds’ presence is a sort of early warning system, since the birds make a loud sound if they sight an enemy. This is of less benefit to the giraffe than to other hosts because the giraffe has the advantage of great height and keen eyesight and is fully capable of spotting predators without the bird’s assistance. The tickbird is likely of greater benefit in this capacity to the nearsighted rhino.
They cross through the host’s hair looking for insects as their food. According to the researcher Paul Weeks, reporting in the journal Behavioral Ecology, tickbirds can and do enlarge tick bites and other wounds on their host body to seek for food resource, making the host-tickbird relationship unfair. The host, like the giraffe, however, would have a hard time keeping tickbirds off itself. So they tolerate the birds who cling to their bodies and chow down selectively at the buffet on the giraffe’s body
8．Which statement about the tickbird is TRUE
A．It doesn’t rely on the giraffe for food.
B．It removes ticks from its hosts.
C．It makes gentle sounds when it spots an enemy.
D．It brings more benefit to its hosts than it gets from them.
9．Why does the giraffe benefit less than other hosts according to Paragraph 2
A．Because the giraffe has no tick on its body.
B．Because the giraffe has its own warning system.
C．Because the giraffe is tall and has sharp eyesight.
D．Because the giraffe is strong enough to protect itself.
10．The underlined phrase “cling to” can be replaced by “________”.
A．stick to B．lead to C．keep away D．hold back
11．What is the suitable title for the passage
A．Tickbird and Giraffe: Unequal Relationship B．Tickbird and Giraffe: Friendly Relationship
C．Tickbird and Giraffe: Mysterious Relationship D．Tickbird and Giraffe: Conflicting Relationship
D
Scientists at Stanford University have designed a new paint that could help reduce our growing dependence on air conditioners and heaters. It comes in a variety of colors, and if used properly, it could seriously reduce electricity bills and emissions.
The paint is capable of reflecting about 80 percent of mid-infrared light (中红外光) from the sun, which is 10 times more reflection than traditional colored paints. When used on the outside of a building, the paint keeps heat out, and it can be used on the inside to keep heat in. As such, the developers of the paint say it provides a “year-round energy-saving solution” that can be used in a variety of climates.
When tested in artificially warm conditions, the paint reduced the amount of energy needed to cool the enclosed space by almost 21 percent. Tested in artificially cold conditions, it reduced the energy needed to heat the space by 36 percent. Across an entire building, researchers estimate the paint could save 7.4 percent of the energy needed to heat or cool a mid-sized apartment building.
Different from other paints, this new version from Stanford is not just pure white or silver. Its variety of colors include white, blue, red, yellow, green, orange, purple and dark gray. This rainbow is possible because the new paint has two layers that are applied in a series. The first is the reflective bottom layer, which contains silver aluminum flakes (铝片). The second is an infrared transparent top layer that contains colorful nano-particles. Both of these layers are water-resistant and work in humid and hot environments.
“For both heating and air conditioning, we must reduce energy and emissions globally to meet our zero-emissions goals,” says material scientist Yi Cui from Stanford. The team continues to refine their technology and hopes to commercialize the paint in the future.
12．What do we know about the new paint
A．It can replace air conditioners and heaters.
B．It is no better than the traditional colored paints.
C．It can be used both on the outside and inside of a building.
D．It has already been well-accepted by people.
13．What can we infer about the new paint from the test
A．It functions efficiently in any condition.
B．It works more effectively in cool conditions.
C．It is more suitable to be used for large space.
D．It saves little energy when used on an entire building.
14．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The working process of the two layers.
B．The working environment of the two layers.
C．The difference between the new and other paints.
D．The reason why the new paint has various colors.
15．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A．To introduce a new, energy-saving paint.
B．To stress the importance of a new paint.
C．To persuade people to give up the traditional paints.
D．To call on people to save energy and reduce emissions.
答案：
贵州省黔东南州2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题
21—23 CAC
A 篇：本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国邮政服务的营业地点和时间，以及节假日的营业安排。
21. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的美国邮政服务的营业时间可知，在12月30号，你可以正常邮寄物品。
22. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后两句可知，在1月1日寄件，你需要支付额外的费用。
23. C 【解析】推理判断题。通读文章可知，本文最有可能来自美国邮政服务的官方网站。
24—27 DDAB
B篇：本文是记叙文。Orla Walsh之前过着不健康的生活，但自从她开始骑行后，她的生活发生了很大的变化。
24. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可知，Orla Walsh 在她二十五岁的时候，由于忙碌，经常吃快餐，熬夜，还不锻炼。
25. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，开车很贵，并且爱尔兰的公共交通也不尽如人意。于是, Orla Walsh 选择骑行。
26. A 【解析】词义推测题。根据第三段第三、四句可知，Orla Walsh一尝试骑行就被其深深吸引住了。她上下班往返的路程似乎并不那么漫长了。由此可知，spellbound 意为“着迷的”。
27. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Orla Walsh 每次骑行爬坡时都被其他成员甩开，但她继续努力，将失败视为学习经验。由此可知，骑行教会了她勇敢面对困难。
28—31 ACDB
C篇：本文是说明文。文章介绍了周日恐惧症的由来、危害以及一些应对周日恐惧症的方法。
28. A 【解析】细节理解题。通读第一段可知，该段引出了周日恐惧症这个话题。
29. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段 Renée Goff 说的话可知，周日恐惧症对个人来说不仅仅是身体上的沉重感，他们甚至会因为即将到来的一周而被吓一跳。与之相关的负面情绪会对人的精神健康和整体工作效率产生重大的影响。
30. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段 Angela Ficken 说的话可知，周日恐惧症甚至可能早在周六就开始出现，但到周一早上开始一周工作时往往会变得不那么强烈。但这并不意味着我们就可以放任不管。
31. B 【解析】主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，该段介绍了一些应对周日恐惧症的方法。
32—35 ABCD
D篇：本文是说明文。文章介绍了蝴蝶在成长的过程中对植物造成的不同影响。
32. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句可知，植物一旦识别出害虫，就会让接触到害虫部分的植物死亡。当这些枯叶或部分叶片脱离植物时，上面的虫卵就会脱落。
33. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，进入到毛毛虫阶段后，它们以植物叶片为食，这会损害植物，也会给农民带来重大的损失。
34. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段最后三句可知，开花的植物会呈现出一些特征来吸引这些传粉昆虫(蝴蝶)的注意。某些植物的花朵散发出的气味可以在蝴蝶寻找配偶时迷惑它们。有些植物的花朵甚至是扁平的，可以帮助蝴蝶着陆。由此可知，第四段告诉我们花朵是如何吸引蝴蝶的。
35. D 【解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了蝴蝶在成长的过程中对植物造成的不同影响。
贵州省遵义市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末质量监测英语试题
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的将要上映的四部电影的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wonka部分中的“Paddington 2 has been one of the all-time great family films. Now its director, Paul King, and his co-writer, Simon Farnaby, have turned their attention to another much-loved British children’s book character, Willy Wonka from Roald Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. In this musical film, the top-hatted Wonka opens his first sweet shop, with the help of an Oompa-Loompa. (帕丁顿熊2被誉为有史以来最伟大的家庭电影之一。现在，导演保罗·金和编剧西蒙·法纳比把注意力转向了另一个深受喜爱的英国儿童读物角色——罗尔德·达尔的《查理和巧克力工厂》中的威利·旺卡。在这部音乐电影中，头戴礼帽的旺卡在一个Oompa Loompa的帮助下开了他的第一家糖果店)”可知，Paddington 2是一部音乐电影，它的导演是保罗·金。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Boy and the Heron部分中的“Released on 8 December in the US and Canada, and 25 December in the UK and Ireland(12月8日在美国和加拿大上映，12月25日在英国和爱尔兰上映)”可知，The Boy and the Heron于12月25日在英国上映，所以伦敦观众可以当天欣赏到这部电影。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Leave the World Behind中“A two-hour descent into chaos that is interesting and absolutely frightening… Just don’t expect to sleep easily after seeing it.(两个小时陷入混乱，这很有趣，也绝对令人恐惧……只是不要指望看到它后就能轻松入睡)”可知，Leave the World Behind是一部恐怖片。故选D项。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要讲述两年多前，来自各行各业的人们争分夺秒地挽救了九岁男孩Abdulwa被切断的右臂的故事以及后来被拍成了电影。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“Realizing the complexity involved in reattaching the arm, the local hospital decided to transfer the boy to the traditional Chinese medicine hospital of Urumqi, about 1,400 kilometers away, for a surgery that had to be performed within eight hours. (意识到重接手臂的复杂性，当地医院决定将男孩转移到大约1400公里外的乌鲁木齐市中医院，在8小时内进行手术)”可知，时间是营救男孩过程中的关键因素。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“What appeared a simple gesture was only possible because people from different walks of life raced against time to save the boy’s severed right arm more than two years ago.(这看似简单的手势之所以成为可能，是因为两年多前，来自各行各业的人们争分夺秒地挽救了男孩被切断的右臂)”以及第四段“The surgery started seven-and-a-half hours after the accident. His severed limb was successfully reattached and the broken bone fragments rearranged.(手术在事故发生七个半小时后开始。他的断肢被成功地复位，骨折碎片也重新排列)”可知，经过共同努力，他的手臂恢复得很好。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“His mother said that the doctor who reattached Abdulwal’s arm often calls to check on him and give advice on recovery. (他的母亲说，为Abdulwal重新接上手臂的医生经常打电话来检查他，并就康复提供建议)”可知，医生打电话时为了检查Abdulwal的恢复情况。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Nine-year-old Abdulwal Abdula lifted his right arm and waved guests goodbye as they left his house. What appeared a simple gesture was only possible because people from different walks of life raced against time to save the boy’s severed right arm more than two years ago.(九岁的Abdulwal Abdula举起右臂，在客人离开他的房子时向他们挥手告别。这看似简单的手势之所以成为可能，是因为两年多前，来自各行各业的人们争分夺秒地挽救了男孩被切断的右臂)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲述两年多前，来自各行各业的人们争分夺秒地挽救了九岁男孩Abdulwa被切断的右臂的故事以及后来被拍成了电影，所以这篇文章可能是一篇新闻报告。故选A项。
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最初被作为景观植物引入英国的日本虎杖在英国造成了植物灾难，入侵了本土的生态系统，无法被有效地清除，对比之下，中国的生态系统中有这种植物的天敌，因此它没有在中国造成灾难，而且还可以被制作成美食以及入药，文章以此提醒在引进外来物种时需小心谨慎。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Initially it was introduced to England as a landscape plant. (最初，它是作为一种景观植物引入英国的)”可知，英国一开始引进日本虎杖是为了美化景观，即出于装饰的目的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词的上文“The plant is disreputable (坏名声的) mainly because of its strong ability to survive. The Japanese knotweed can grow at an amazing speed. (这种植物之所以声名狼藉，主要是因为它的生存能力很强。日本虎杖的生长速度惊人)”和下文“As long as you give it a small gap, it can follow it and make rapid growth. This gap may be a crack in the road, or a wall crack in the house, and even some Japanese knotweed will start to grow from the foundation of the house, gradually “destroy” the whole house. (只要你给它一个小小的空隙，它就能跟着它，做出快速的成长。这个缝隙可能是道路上的裂缝，也可能是房子墙上的裂缝，甚至一些日本虎杖会从房子的地基上开始生长，逐渐“摧毁”整个房子)”可知，此处介绍了日本虎杖强大的生存能力，它的生长速度很快，且能在很小的空间内快速生长。由此可知，这种植物渗透进了英国，正迅速地增加，划线词意思应该是“迅速增加”。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Fortunately, China’s knotweed is not identical to Japan’s, and in the China’s ecosystem, there are many natural enemies against it. As a result, China has not experienced a knotweed invasion as severe as Britain. (幸运的是，中国的虎杖和日本的不一样，在中国的生态系统中，有很多天敌。因此，中国没有经历过像英国那样严重的虎杖入侵)”可知，中国的生态系统中有虎杖的天敌，因此抑制了虎杖的入侵。由此推知，中国的生态系统没有被虎杖破坏。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕引入日本虎杖这一植物展开，第一、二段介绍了最初被作为景观植物引入英国的这种植物在英国造成了植物灾难，入侵了本土的生态系统，无法被有效地清除，第三段介绍了中国的生态系统中有这种植物的天敌，因此它没有在中国造成灾难，而且还可以被制作成美食以及入药，最后一段基于此案例提醒在引进外来物种时需小心谨慎。由此可知，B项“一种人们又爱又恨的植物”契合文章主旨，最适合作为标题。故选B项。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明听最喜欢的歌曲会降低人们对疼痛的感受
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“And the most effective pain relievers were songs describing bittersweet experiences and causing strong feelings.(最有效的止痛药是描述苦乐参半的经历并引起强烈感情的歌曲)”可知，情感音乐对缓解痛苦效果最好。故选C项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第二段“The study invited 63 young adults to bring two of their favorite songs, which were required to be at least 3 minutes and 20 seconds long. One selection represented their favorite music of all time, and the other was the song they could use to comfort loneliness. The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants.(这项研究邀请了63名年轻人带来他们最喜欢的两首歌曲，要求歌曲长度至少为3分20秒。其中一首代表了他们有史以来最喜欢的音乐，另一首是他们可以用来安慰孤独的歌曲。研究人员还让年轻人从研究小组认为放松的七首歌曲中选择一首，这些歌曲对研究参与者来说是陌生的)”以及后文可知，本段主要讲述了实验过程。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“When assessing their experiences, people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing song or silence.(在评估自己的经历时，与听不熟悉的放松歌曲或沉默相比，人们更有可能报告说，听自己喜欢的歌曲时感觉不那么痛苦)”以及第三段“After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain, the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with cheerful themes. People who listened to bittersweet songs also reported more chills — the thrill and tremble you get on your skin from listening to pleasurable music. (在采访了参与者关于他们带来的歌曲和他们对疼痛的评价后，研究人员发现，听苦乐参半、感人歌曲的人比听欢快主题的歌曲时感到更少的疼痛。听苦乐参半歌曲的人也报告说，他们会感到更多的寒战——听愉快的音乐会让你的皮肤感到兴奋和颤抖)”可知，该实验对实验参与者的疼痛敏感性进行了评估。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“When people are listening to music they enjoy, by our measurements it can reduce the pain that we’re feeling by 10%,(当人们听他们喜欢的音乐时，根据我们的测量，它可以将我们感受到的疼痛减轻10%)”可推知，Patrick认为听某些类型的音乐可以帮助你减轻疼痛。故选C项。
贵州省铜仁市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题
1．D 2．B 3．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个简单体育主题活动。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Kids love learning about sports and engaging in sports themed activities! This free simple activity plan includes doable (可做的) sports activity ideas that are perfect for preschoolers.(孩子们喜欢学习体育知识和参与体育主题活动！这个免费的简单活动计划包括可行的体育活动想法，非常适合学龄前儿童)”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了四个简单体育主题活动。由此推知，这篇文章的读者是父母。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This is such a great way to get your kids moving!(这是一个让你的孩子动起来的好方法！)”可推知，Gross Motor: Sports Themed Obstacle Course的目的是让孩子们多做体育活动。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ask your child to design and decorate their very own sports shirt!(让你的孩子设计和装饰他们自己的运动衫！)”可知，Create: Decorate A Shirt最能体现孩子的设计能力。故选C。
4．A 5．A 6．C 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了互联网将许多失业的年轻人变成了对社会有用的人才，来自宁夏的主播穆萨是一个典型的例子。穆萨回到家乡后拍摄短视频，记录当地人的生活，在网上受到欢迎。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, Mu at last found that what touched him most was homesickness. Thus, Mu returned home at 25 in November 2021. (然而，穆终于发现，最让他感动的是乡愁。因此，2021年11月，25岁的穆回家了)”可知，穆萨当时回到家乡是因为非常思念自己的家乡。故选A项。
5．词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Mu, who has a little hearing problem caused by a fever at the age of 10, thought of himself a failure at first. Leaving their village had been a goal for all rural children of his generation. (穆在10岁的时候因为发烧导致听力有点问题，一开始他觉得自己很失败。离开他们的村庄一直是他那一代农村孩子的目标)”和下文“quickly lifted himself up (迅速地站了起来)”可知，穆萨讲述了自己回到家乡后的心理变化，先是觉得挫败，然后又打起精神。由此可知，他没有被困难打倒，画线词意思应该与beaten“打败，打倒”一致。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A video showing his mother cooking local food turned out to be a surprise hit. Even his mother was shocked that so many viewers, who commented that the video evoked (勾起) memories of their own moms and hometowns, could be interested in a daily routine. (一段他母亲烹饪当地食物的视频出人意料地大受欢迎。就连他的母亲也感到震惊，因为有这么多观众对一个生活常规感兴趣，他们评论说，这段视频唤起了他们对自己母亲和家乡的回忆)”可知，视频受欢迎是因为它勾起了观众们的美好的回忆。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Mu has started publishing short videos on an almost daily basis. He faithfully records the daily lives of those around him, and releases the videos at 6 pm most days. (穆已经开始几乎每天发布短视频。他忠实地记录下身边人的日常生活，大部分时间在下午6点发布视频)”可知，穆萨现在几乎每天都在固定的时间点发布视频，更新日常生活的记录。由此可知，他非常勤奋。故选D项。
8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候鞭打的原理，它产生的后果，以及应对气候鞭打的措施。
8．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Climate whiplash, or weather whiplash, refers to a quick change from one extreme weather pattern to another. It is caused by global warming. A warmer atmosphere can hold more steam. As the Earth gets warmer, more water is contained in the atmosphere. Once the temperature gets colder, it often rains more heavily. This explains why a drought is often followed by extremely heavy rain.(气候鞭打，或天气鞭打是指从一种极端天气模式到另一种极端气候模式的快速变化。它是由全球变暖引起的。更温暖的大气层可以容纳更多的蒸汽。随着地球变暖，大气中含有更多的水。一旦气温变冷，雨往往会下得更大。这就解释了为什么干旱之后往往会有特大暴雨)”可知，本段主要是关于气候鞭打背后的原理。故选D项。
9．推理判断题。