中考英语二轮语法复习部分专题二 动词和动词短语 课件

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中考英语复习语法知识梳理
专题二 动词和动词短语
目录
数据透视 知识梳理
1
数据共享 考点聚焦
2
数据链接 强化练习
3
数据透视 知识梳理
1
数据共享 考点聚焦
2
动词的基本形式
考点一
动词的基本形式 变化规则
动词原形 watch　look　grow
第三人称 单数 一般在动词原形后直接加-s,如look—looks
以s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词,在其后加-es,如watch—watches
以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的动词,应变y为i再加-es,如study—studies
部分以o结尾的词,在其后加-es,如go—goes
动词的基本形式 变化规则
过去式/ 过去分词 一般在动词原形后直接加-ed,如work—worked
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词后只加-d,如use—used
以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的动词,应变y为i再加-ed,如study—studied
以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词,先双写该辅音字母再加-ed,如stop—stopped
现在分词 一般在动词原形后直接加-ing,如walk—walking
以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e再加-ing,如use—using
以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词,先双写该辅音字母再加-ing,如stop—stopping
动词的分类及用法
考点二
实义动词 用法 例句
及物动词 本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整 Danny likes green.丹尼喜欢绿色。
不及物动词 本身意义完整,无须接宾语。若不及物动词要接宾语,其后需加适当的介词 The girl runs fast.
这个女孩跑得快。
I like listening to music.
我喜欢听音乐。
1.实义动词
助动词 用法 例句
be 构成现在进行: am/is/are +现在分词 I am listening to music.我正在听音乐。
构成过去进行时: was/were +现在分词 I was watching TV at 8:00 last night.
昨晚八点我正在看电视。
构成一般将来时: am/is/are + going to+动词原形 They are going to have a trip next month.
下个月他们将要去旅行。
构成被动语态: be (am/is/are/was/were) + 过去分词 The poem was written by a seven-year-old boy.
这首诗是一个七岁男孩写的。
2.助动词
助动词 用法 例句
do 构成疑问句、否定句(一般现在时中用do/does,一般过去时中用did) Do you like running 你喜欢跑步吗
She didn’t go to school yesterday.
她昨天没有去上学。
构成否定祈使句: Don’t+动词原形 Don’t stay up late.
不要熬夜。
have 构成现在完成时: have/has+过去分词 I have taught myself English for three years.
我已经自学英语三年了。
will/ shall 构成一般将来时: will/shall+动词原形 She will go to school next Monday.
下星期一她将去上学。
系动词 词义 例句
am/is/are 是(表示存在或具有某种特征或状态) The little boy is so cute.这个小男孩如此可爱。
keep/stay/ remain 保持(表示某种情况或状态的延续) Whatever achievements you’ve made, you should remain modest.
无论你取得多么大的成就,你都该保持谦虚。
become/ get/go/ turn 变得(表示由一种情况或状态变成另一种情况或状态) The days get longer in spring.春季,白昼变长。
feel 感觉;摸起来 I feel happy today.我今天感觉很开心。
The cloth feels soft.这块布摸起来很柔软。
3.系动词
系动词 词义 例句
look 看起来 You look beautiful in this blue coat.
你穿着这件蓝色的大衣看起来很漂亮。
seem 似乎;好像 She seems so angry. What happened
她看起来很生气。发生什么了
smell 闻起来 The flowers smell so wonderful.这些花闻起来真香。
sound 听起来 Your idea sounds good.你的主意听起来很好。
taste 尝起来 How delicious the dumplings taste! 饺子尝起来真美味!
4.情态动词 (详见专题三)
动词短语
考点三
1.同一动词型
① come短语
come on加油;快点儿　　 come over 顺便来访
come along出现;跟随 come out 出现;出版
② get短语
get to到达 get back回来 get down 下来 get over 克服
get out 出去 get away from远离
get on/along with与……相处 get ready for为……做准备
③ give短语
give up放弃 give in屈服;让步 give away捐赠
give out散发;分发 give off发出(光、热)
④ go短语
go back回到 go away走开 go by(时间)流逝go off熄灭;(闹铃)响 go on继续
⑤ keep短语
keep off使……不接近 keep up with跟上
keep away from远离
⑥ look短语
look into调查 look for寻找 look over检查
look after照顾 look out小心 look up 查阅
look through浏览 look forward to期望
⑦ put短语
put on穿上;上演 put away放好 put up张贴 put off推迟
put down写下;记下 put out扑灭 put back放回
⑧ take短语
take up占据;开始从事 take off 脱下;(飞机)起飞
take away带走 take over接管 take down写下;记下
⑨ turn短语
turn on打开 turn off关闭
turn up调大(音量) turn down调小(音量) turn in上交
2.同一介词、副词型
① about 短语
care about关心;在意 talk about讨论
think about 考虑 worry about 担心
② at短语
laugh at嘲笑 knock at敲门
arrive at到达 shout at冲……喊叫
point at指向
③ away短语
get away逃离 put away放好 right away立刻,马上run away逃跑 take away拿走 throw away扔掉
give away赠送 walk away走开
④ down短语
calm down镇静 cut down砍倒 look down俯视
⑤ for短语
wait for等候 look for寻找 ask for请求
pay for为……付款 care for关心;关怀 leave for动身去
⑥ in短语
believe in信任 check in登记 come in进来
hand in上交 join in/take part in参加
take in 吸入 take pride in以……为荣
⑦ up短语
grow up长大 bring up抚养 call up打电话
pick up捡起 fix up修理 cheer up使……高兴
look up查阅,向上看
⑧ with短语
agree with同意 begin with以……开始 play with玩connect with与……相连 deal/do with处理
come up with想起 catch up with追上
⑨ out短语
find out找出;查明 look out小心 hand out分发take out切除 go out出去
数据链接 强化练习
3
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Mr. Brown told his son not _________ (touch) the paintings in the museum.
2. Among all the books which ____________ (write) by Lu Xun, I like Wild Grass best.
3. John ___________ (work) on his project, so he didn’t notice his mom when she entered the room.
一
二
三
to touch
were written
was working
4. Since the weather is nice, my family decide _________ (go) for a picnic this afternoon.
5. Five minutes ago, Linda locked the door and _________ (leave) with her mom.
6. Since 2021, our school ___________ (provide) all kinds of after-school services for students.
7. How time flies! I _________ (enter) a senior high school this September.
to go
left
has provided
will enter
一
二
三
8. _________ (watch) movies is one of my favorite hobbies and it makes me happy.
9. Spring _________ (follow) winter, and the grass and leaves begin to turn green gradually.
10. Look! Nick __________ (water) flowers outside.
Watching
follows
is watering
一
二
三
二、根据中文意思,补全英语译文。
11. 我们应该充分利用我们的时间,决不把我们的计划推迟到第二天。
We should make full use of our time and never ________ ________ our plans until the next day.
12. 李华像他的爸爸,他们有同样的爱好。
Li Hua ________ ________ his father and they have the same hobbies.
put
off
takes
after
一
二
三
13. 为了找到一些有用的信息,我爷爷正在浏览报纸。
My grandfather is ________ ________ the newspaper to find some useful information.
14. 即使你身处困境,你也应该坚持你的梦想。
Even if you are in a hard situation, you should also ________ ________ your dream.
15. 如果你感到被忽略,最好和你的老师聊一聊。
If you feel ________ ________, you’d better have a talk with your teacher.
looking
through
stick
to
left
out
一
二
三
Sue first read Peach Blossom Shangri-la (《桃花源记》) once, without 16. _________ (think) too much about it. One day in college, she read it again. She realized that there was more than she first saw in the text.
　Now, the Peach Blossom Shangri-la 17. _________ (appear) not only in Tao Yuanming’s passage, but also in many paintings and plays. The peach blossom (桃花) means a person’s dream.
三、短文填空。
阅读下面短文,在各题空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
thinking
appears
一
二
三
And the fisherman stands for a special group — the hermits(隐士).
　Sue wants 18. _________ (share) the ideas with more people by making videos. So more than 50 videos 19. __________ (create) by her. Creative works let her get more than 1.5 million fans on the Internet. They say she 20. ___________ (make) their school life more interesting.
　Sue says that what brings her happiness most is 21. _________ (learn) and creating. Making videos combines(结合) both.
to share
are created
makes/made
learning
一
二
三
专题二 动词和动词短语
语法知识专练
一、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. (2023四川)In my opinion, good friends should __________ (share) happiness or sadness with each other.
2. The magician surprised the audience by making the rabbit __________ (appear) in his hat.
3. Taking part in more social activities can __________ (rich) our life experiences.
share
enrich
disappear
二
一
4. You must __________ (memory) this secret message, and then burn it.
5. The viruses are always changing, and the change may __________ (creative) a new type.
6. We can __________ (use) empty bottles to make vases instead of throwing them away.
memorize
use/reuse
create
二
一
7. With the help of robots, the company can __________ (product) over 80,000 machines every day.
8. Tom’s uncle is good at English, so he can easily make himself __________ (understand) when traveling to America.
9. Let’s __________ (cheer)up the sick kids in hospital together.
10. Keep working, and you will __________ (success) in the end.
produce
understood
cheer 　 　
succeed　 　
二
一
二、根据中文意思,补全英语译文。(每空限填一词,缩写算一词)
11. 你离开时必须关闭电源。
You must __________ __________ the electricity when you leave.
12. 我应该怎样为考试做准备
How should I __________ __________ the exams
13. (2023黔东南模拟)我哥哥可以依靠自己把工作做好。
My brother can __________ __________ himself to perform the job well.
turn
prepare
off
for
depend/rely
on
二
一
14. 你能查清楚会议什么时间开始吗
Can you __________ __________ what time the meeting starts
15.保罗今晚不能熬夜。他明天必须更早起床。
Paul can’t __________ __________ late this evening. He must get up much earlier tomorrow.
16. 我想你应该躺下休息。
I think you should __________ __________ and rest.
find
stay
out
up
lie
down
二
一
17. 作为青少年,我们应该关爱老人。
As teenagers, we should __________ __________ the old.
18. 大多数的时候,我们不能只是等待机会的到来。我们需要行动起来去争取。
Most of the time, we cannot just __________ __________ chances to come. We need to take action to get them.
19. 青少年应该远离网吧。
Teenagers should __________ __________ from the net bars.
care
for
wait　 　
for 　
二
一
keep　 　
away