中考英语二轮语法复习部分 专题十 构词法 课件

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中考英语复习语法知识梳理
专题十 构词法
目录
数据透视 知识梳理
1
数据共享 考点聚焦
2
数据链接 强化练习
3
数据透视 知识梳理
1
数据共享 考点聚焦
2
1.常见前缀
考点一
派生法
前缀 含义 例词
dis- 不;无 dislike不喜欢
in- 不;非 inactive不活跃的
im- 不 imperfect不完美的
non 不;非 non-smoker不吸烟者
un- 不 unnecessary不必要的
前缀 含义 例词
co- 共同 coaction共同行动
ex- 出;外 export出口
inter- 在……之间 interview会见
out- 外;出 outdoor户外的
super- 超级 supermarket超市 supernatural超自然的
tele- 远 telephone电话 telescope望远镜
step- (因父母再婚而构成的亲缘关系)继…… stepfather继父 stepmother继母
2.常见后缀
(1)名词后缀
后缀 例词
-er、-or、-ess、-ist player运动员　actor演员 hostess女主人　artist艺术家
-ness usefulness有用
-tion invention发明
-ation information信息
-ment development发展
-hood childhood童年
-ence patience耐心
(2)形容词后缀
后缀 例词
-ful wonderful精彩的
-ly lovely可爱的
-al national国家的
-en wooden木制的
-y windy多风的
-ive active积极的
-less useless无用的
-able enjoyable令人喜欢的
(3)副词后缀
后缀 例词
-ly carefully仔细地
-less useless无用的
-able enjoyable令人喜欢的
(4)动词后缀
后缀 例词
-ize modernize使现代化
-ify beautify美化
-en weaken减弱
(5)数词后缀
后缀 例词
-teen thirteen十三
-ty thirty三十
-th fourth第四
转化法
考点二
词类转化 例词
动词与名词的相互转化 rain v.下雨——n.雨 walk v.步行——n.散步
动词与形容词的相互转化 empty v.排空——adj.空的
名词与形容词的相互转化 red n.红色——adj.红色的
副词与形容词的相互转化 well adv.好——adj.身体好的
介词与副词的相互转化 by prep.在……旁边——adv.在……旁边
副词与名词的相互转化 left adv.在左边——n.左边
合成法
考点三
类型 构成方法 例词
复合名词 名词+名词 saleman推销员 baseball棒球
形容词+名词 highway高速公路 blackboard黑板
动词+名词 post office邮局 passport护照
动词+副词 mix-up混乱 check-up检查
名词+动名词 sightseeing游览观光 bike-riding骑车
类型 构成方法 例词
复合形容词 形容词+现在分词 easy-going随和的 good-looking英俊的
副词+现在分词 outstanding杰出的 understanding善解人意的
名词+现在分词 peace-loving热爱和平的 English-speaking讲英语的
名词+形容词 daylong整天的 homesick想家的
名词+过去分词 handmade手工制作的 man-made人造的
类型 构成方法 例词
复合动词 名词+动词 babysit当临时保姆 sleep walk梦游
副词+动词 overcome克服 undertake承担
形容词+动词 freewheel(骑自行车)滑行 blackmail敲诈
复合副词 副词+名词 outdoors在户外
复合代词 不定代词+名词 anything任何事
数据链接 强化练习
3
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The soldier died for saving the child, so his _______ (die) is heavier than Mount Tai.
2. The child looked _______ (sad) at his brother who was badly wounded.
3. My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what the _______ (late) news about VBA in Guizhou is
4. The necklace that she lost is very expensive. It’s of great _______ (valuable).
death
sadly
latest
一
二
value
/
5. There were __________ (danger) fish in the river in South America.
6. You’d better give up smoking if you want to keep _________ (health).
7. It’s _________ (polite) to stare at someone or to talk loudly in public places.
8. It was _________ (care) of Jim to leave the tap running all night.
9. He is a(n) _________ (honest) boy, so we seldom believe what he says.
10. There are some _________ (different) between the twins.
dangerous
healthy
impolite
careless
一
二
dishonest
differences
二、短文填空。
阅读下面短文,在各题空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“五育”并举之劳动教育
In March 2020, our nation once again asked schools to pay more attention to the labor(劳动) 11. ___________ (educate) in new times. Labor education plays an important part in students’ lives. It wants to organize students to join in 12. ___________ (day) life labor, so that students can get good labor quality(素质) both in mind and body.
education
daily
一
二
13. _________ (lucky), the 8th grade students in Changsha had a chance to work and study at the Social Practice Base in Lianhua Town. There, students learned to care about others and do outdoor physical practice in groups.
　In schools, there was some 14. ___________ (create) labor education. More and more students started to try doing the labor.
Some students worked as “beauticians in classrooms”. Some students cleaned the classroom or put bottles and tins(罐子) into Shouduobao bags. When new books were given to the students, a “book cover competition” began.
Luckily
creative
competition
一
二
Labor 15. ___________ (compete) was not only in schools, but also in families. For example, children helped their parents do some housework at petition should be also 16. ________ (time). On Women’s Day, there were “I help my mother” and “I love my parents” 17. _________ (active).
　Labor education is good for the 18. ___________ (develop) of children. Good labor education asks schools,19. ________ (social) and families to work together. Students won’t 20. _________ (real) grow up unless they get enough labor education.
一
二
competition
timely
activities
development
society
really
专题十 构词法
语法知识专练
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. We were touched by the _________ (warm) of the welcome.
2. With the ___________ (develop) of science and technology, people can live a better life in the future.
3. Many _________ (visit) came to the hometown of the great man during the vacation.
4. She is a famous tennis _________ (play).
5. The boy _________ (careless) put the cup on the table and it fell down.
warmth
development
二
一
visitors
player
carelessly
6. The _________ (compete)never dreamed of having a chance for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race.
7. — Our neighbour next door is putting something on the wall.
— It’s _________ (possible) to sleep with all that noise.
8. There are four _________ (Germany) girls in the shop.
9. About 9,000 African elephants __________ (appear) in the 1990s. They’re in great danger.
10. Many students get _________ (sleep) after a day of classes.
competitor
German
impossible
二
一
disappeared
sleepy
Paddington is one of the most famous bears in the world.
He first came onto the British scene in 1958. It is in a children’s book A Bear Called Paddington by a British 11. _______ (write), Michael Bond.
二、短文填空。
writer
二
一
In the story, Paddington is kind and 12. __________ (humor). Paddington is so 13. __________ (love) that it’s common to find people dress in Paddington style in Britain, 14. __________ (especial) the children. This classic 15. __________ (child’s) character has grown into part of British culture. If you are hoping to understand the British, meeting Paddington in films and books is one way to take the first step.
humorous
二
一
lovely
especially
children’s