中考英语二轮语法复习部分 专题十二 动词的时态和语态 课件

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中考英语复习语法知识梳理
专题十二 动词的时态和语态
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数据透视 知识梳理
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数据共享 考点聚焦
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数据链接 强化练习
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数据透视 知识梳理
1
数据共享 考点聚焦
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考点一
一般现在时
谓语动词形式 用法 例句
be(am/is/are);动词原形或第三人称单数形式 (do/does) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作 I often walk to school.
我经常步行去上学。
表示目前的状态、能力、性格、特征等 I do well in physics.我擅长物理。
表示客观事实或普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound.
光传播得比声音快。
谓语动词形式 用法 例句
be(am/is/are);动词原形或第三人称单数形式 (do/does) go、come、leave、arrive等动词常用一般现在时表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情 The train to Chengdu leaves at 8:10.开往成都的火车8:10离开。
be(am/is/are);动词原形或第三人称单数形式 (do/does) 在if、as soon as、until、when等引导的时间状语从句、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来 If it doesn’t rain this afternoon, we’ll go fishing. 如果今天下午不下雨,我们将去钓鱼。
时间标志词 once a week、always、often、usually、sometimes、 every day/week/month/year…、in the morning、at night等
一般过去时
考点二
谓语动词形式 用法 例句
be(was/were); 动词的过去式 (did) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 I bought my car last year.
我去年买的车。
表示过去一段时间内习惯性或经常发生的动作、行为,常和often、always等频度副词连用 When I lived in Hangzhou, I often went for a walk along the river.当我在杭州居住时,我经常沿着河边散步。
时间标志词 last night/week/month、yesterday、some years ago、in 1995、in the past、the other day、 just now等
一般将来时
考点三
谓语动词形式 用法 例句
will/shall+动词原形(shall用于第一人称); be (am/is/are) going to+动词原形 表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态 The Greens will travel to France next month.格林一家下个月将会去法国旅行。
Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。
表示按计划、打算要做的事,多用be going to What are you going to buy for your mother’s birthday 你要为你妈妈的生日买什么
时间标志词 last night/week/month、yesterday、some years ago、in 1995、in the past、the other day、 just now等
现在进行时
考点四
谓语动词形式 用法 例句
am/is/are +现在分词 (doing) 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作 Look! The cat is running after a mouse.看!这只猫正在追一只老鼠。
表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态 They are studying hard this term.
他们这学期学习一直很努力。
与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩 You are always changing your mind.
你总是改变主意。
谓语动词形式 用法 例句
am/is/are +现在分词 (doing) 一些表示位置移动的动词,如come、go、leave、arrive等常用现在进行时表示将来 I’m leaving tomorrow.
明天我要走了。
时间标志词 now、these days、at the moment、right now、look、 listen等
过去进行时
考点五
谓语动词形式 用法 例句
was/were +现在分词 (doing) 表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在进行的动作 He was reading when I came in.
当我进来时,他正在读书。
与always、forever等词连用,表示赞扬、厌恶或不满等情感 He was forever complaining about something.他老是怨这怨那。
时间标志词 then、at that time/moment、this time yesterday、 at ten yesterday等
现在完成时
考点六
谓语动词形式 用法 例句
have/has+过去分词 表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have finished my homework.
我已经完成作业了。
表示过去开始的动作或状态,一直持续到现在乃至将来(谓语常用延续性动词,与so far, since/for …连用) We have been friends since we were in primary school.
我们从小学开始就是朋友了。
时间标志词 already、yet、just、before、never、ever、lately、recently、in recent years、so far、in the past few years、since+时间点、for+时间段等
被动语态
考点七
1.被动语态的构成
被动语态的基本结构为:be+动词的过去分词,助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化：
时态 被动语态结构 例句
一般现在时 am/is/are + done Many trees are planted every year.
每年都种很多树。
一般过去时 was/were + done The cake was made by my mom.
蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
时态 被动语态结构 例句
一般将来时 will/shall/be going to + be done The task will be finished in two days.
这个任务两天后完成。
现在进行时 am/is/are + being done The task will be finished in two days.
这个任务两天后完成。
过去进行时 was/were + being done A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.昨天这个时候她正在写信。
现在完成时 have/has + been done The clothes have been washed by Jane.
简已经把衣服洗了。
含有情态动词 情态动词+be done The homework should be done carefully.
应该认真做作业。
2. 主动形式表达被动意义
(1) open、lock、write、read、sell、clean、wash、cut、burn、drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可用主动形式表被动意义。
This kind of shirt sells well here.
这种衬衫在这儿卖得好。
(2)look、sound、taste、smell等系动词可用主动形式表被动意义。
The soup smells good.这汤闻起来不错。
Mooncakes taste delicious. 月饼尝起来很好吃。
(3)be worth doing表被动意义。
The movie is well worth watching.
这部电影很值得看。
(4) “need/require+doing”相当于“want/need/require+to be done”。
Your hair needs cutting. =Your hair needs to be cut.
你的头发需要剪了。
3. 主动语态变为被动语态
主动语态中有些感官动词(如：hear、see、watch、notice 等)和有些使役动词(如：make、let 等)后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时要把to还原。即:
hear sb. do sth. →sb. be heard to do sth.
make sb. do sth. →sb. be made to do sth.
注意
数据链接 强化练习
3
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. (2022贵阳42题) Doing exercise in a scientific way ______ (be) healthy for both our body and mind.
2. My teacher has worked in my school since she ______ (come) to Guiyang.
3. Volunteering _______ (make) the world warmer. Even small things can make a difference.
4. Listen to me carefully, or you __________ (miss) the important points.
is
came
makes
will miss
一
二
三
5. We ________ (pay) a visit to our relatives in Canada last weekend.
6. There are seven hundred people ________ (watch) the soccer game.
7. I’m ________ (leave) for Kunming this evening with my classmates.
8. Now Chinese ________ (speak) by a large number of people around the world.
9. Katherine, all clothes on the floor need ____________________ (wash) this evening.
10. In the last two months, he _________ (read) several English novels.
paid
watching
leaving
is spoken
washing/to be washed
一
二
三
has read
二、根据中文意思,补全英语译文。
11. 小孩应该尽早被教育,以养成良好的行为习惯。
Kids ________ ________ ________ as early as possible to form good behavior habits.
12. 假如新能源被广泛地使用,环境污染将会大大减少。
If new energy resources is ________ ________ , there will be much less pollution.
should
be
educated
一
二
三
widely
used
13. 现在,在大街小巷都能看到不同颜色的共享单车。
Now, sharing bikes of different colors can ________ ________ in the streets and alleys.
14. 未来这里要建一座桥和一个绿色公园。
A bridge and a green park ________ ________ ________ here in the future.
be
seen
will
一
二
三
be
built
三、短文填空。
　　阅读下面短文,在各题空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
传统文化——对联
What do you know about couplets(对联) Couplets have been popular for about 600 years. They 15. ________ (start) in Song Dynasty. And red paper was 16. ________ (use) to make the Spring Festival couplets instead of peach wood charms (桃符).
started
used
一
二
三
After Qing Dynasty, the couplets were once widely popular. Lots of famous couplets 17. ________ (appear). With the development of the international cultural exchange, the tradition of couplets has 18. ________ (spread) to Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Singapore and other countries over the years. Couplets are usually in different shapes and colors. Nice words and sentences are 19. ________ (write) on the couplets.
appeared
spread
written
一
二
三
Different couplets are 20. ________ (glue) onto doors or walls as a symbol of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.
　My father’s handwriting is very good. He often 21. ________ (help) others to write couplets. Before the Spring Festival, he always 22. _______ (prepare) a lot of paper and 23. ________ (get) ready to write couplets. My dad once 24. ________ (tell) me couplet is a Chinese treasure. We must passed it down. I’ll remember the words forever.
glued
helps
prepares
gets
一
二
三
told
专题十二 动词的时态和语态
语法知识专练
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. (2023江苏) If this ________ (go) on, the wild animals will soon have nowhere to live.
2. (2023湖南) Last week my sister _________ (fail) her cooking exam because she burnt something.
3. We are sure the fog will _________ (appear) soon and we can drive back home safely.
goes
failed
二
一
disappear
4. If it ___________ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go to collect waste water for recycling.
5. If it is not turned in by the fourth day after the due date, you ___________ (receive) a zero.
6. The telephone ___________ (invent) by the famous inventor, Bell.
7. _________ (divide) into three groups, the students began discussing the questions in class.
8. Lucy and Lily are twins and they are often _________ (mistake) for each other by their teachers.
doesn’t rain
was invented
will receive
二
一
Divided
mistaken
9. Whenever I feel down, my friends ___________ (cheer) me up.
10. Many beautiful fish are ___________ (appear) because of water pollution.
11. After a long ride, we _________ (seem) very tired and quickly fell asleep.
12. There _________ (be) two important competitions in our school last week.
will cheer
二
一
disappearing
seemed
were
13. (2023甘肃)“林业英雄”郭万刚在过去的四十年里在腾格里沙漠上建起了一道绿色屏障。
Guo Wangang, the forestry hero, _________ _________ a green belt in the Tengger Desert over the past 40 years.
14. (2023贵州72题)中国科学家屠呦呦发现了一种治疗疟疾的有效药物。
Tu Youyou is the Chinese scientist _________ _________ an effective drug against malaria.
二、根据中文意思,补全英语译文。(每空限填一词,缩写算一词)
has
二
一
built
who/that
discovered
15. (2023贵州71题)事虽难,做则必成。
Difficult as the task is, _________ _________ get the job done if we keep working at it.
16. 这个作家兼演讲家现在正在她的家乡做关于中国文化的讲解。
The writer and speaker _________ _________ a speech on Chinese culture in her hometown now.
we
二
一
will
is
giving
17. 他总是给有需要的人提供帮助,大家都很喜欢他。
He always _______________ help _________ people in need and everyone likes him very much.
18. 许多次我都想放弃,但我奋力坚持了下来。
Many times I thought about giving up, but I _________ _________.
19. (2023贵阳模拟)简相信帮助那些有困难的人将会使她快乐。
Jane believes that helping those in trouble ________ ________ her happy.
offers/provides
二
一
to/for
fought
on
will
make
20. 在地震中,许多房子倒塌了。
Many buildings _________ _________ during the earthquake.
21. (2023铜仁模拟)看!玛丽正在和她的朋友在网上聊天。
Look! Mary is _________ _________ her friend online.
22. 昨天早上,我很开心收到了多年未见的朋友的来信。
To my great joy, I _________ _________ a friend whom I haven’t seen for years yesterday morning.
fell
二
一
down
chatting
with
heard
from