绝密★启用前
2024届高三1月质量检测
英语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4.考试结柬后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15.
B. 9.18.
C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where is the man going
A.To the dorm.
B.To the bookstore.
C.To the library.
2.What day is it today
A.Tuesday.
B.Wednesday.
C.Thursday.
3.What will the speakers do
A.See a film.
B.Go shopping
C.Make a shopping list.
4.What programme comes first on TV
A.A talent show.
B.A movie.
C.A basketball match.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Classmates.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Salesman and customer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.How does the man feel probably
A.Satisfied,
B.Confused.
C.Angry.
7.When can the man get his computer back
A.Tonight.
B.In a few more days.
C.In two weeks.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题，
8.What is the man complaining about
A.Not getting the promised discount.
B.The impolite attitude of the salesman.
C.The poor quality of the goods he bought.
9.What will the woman give to the man
A.An extra discount.B.Some money
C.A letter of apology.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Where are the speakers now
A.In Miami.
B.In Manhattan.
C.In Hawaii
11.What is the woman’s video camera like
A.It is old.
B.It is strong.
C.It is heavy.
12.How much did the woman spend on her camera in total
A.$180.
B.$300.
C.$330.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What were the kids doing in the pool
A.Performing first aid.
B.Having a swimming class.C.Practising a board game.
14.Why did the man jump into the pool
A.To save a boy.
B.To show his skill.
C.To go for a dive.
15.Who called for an ambulance
A.The man
B.A student
C.The instructor.
16.What do we know about the boy
A.He lost his memory forever.
B.He forgot what had happened.
C.He argued with his parents.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What made people invent bicycles
A.They disliked horses.
B.They moved far away to the countryside.
C.They wanted a simple means of transportation.
18.When did the first bicycle show up
A.In 1790
B.In 1800.
C.In 1861
19.Why did people prefer bicycles
A.They were very fashionable.
B.They were of the same prices as horses.
C.They needed no food and were easy to ride.
20.What does the speaker mainly introduce about the bicycle
A.Its history.
B.Its price.
C.Its inventor.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following are some unsung heroes bringing a unique viewpoint and approach to the global challenge of environmental conservation.
Greta Thunberg
Greta Thunberg, a young environmental voice from Sweden, has not only caught global attention but transformed it into a powerful movement. Through her “Fridays for Future” initiative, Greta encourages students worldwide to advocate for climate action, calling for the urgency of addressing climate change. Her touching speeches at international forums, coupled with a refusal to accept inaction have made her a symbol of youth-driven environmental advocacy.
Wangari Maathai
The late Nobel Peace Prize winner from Kenya left a permanent mark through her pioneering Green Belt Movement. This grassroots initiative empowered communities, particularly women, to fight against deforestation through tree planting. Maathai’s legacy lives on in the millions of trees planted across Africa, reflecting her belief that sustainable development starts at the grassroots level, with communities actively engaged in preserving their environment
Isaton Ceesay
Isatou Ceesay, an environmentalist from The Gambia, has emerged as a pioneer in the fight against plastic pollution. Recognizing the detrimental impact of plastic waste on local communities and ecosystems, Ceesay founded the “Women’s Initiative Gambia”. Through creative recycling initiatives, she empowers women to repurpose plastic waste, promoting economic independence within communities.
Ma Jun
Ma Jun began his career as an investigative journalist, but has quickly risen to become an outstanding Chinese environmentalist, known for his pioneering work in water pollution control. As the founder of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs(IPE), Ma Jun developed the China Water Pollution Map, an interactive online tool that tracks water quality data and exposes pollution sources across the country.
1. What group of peoples “Friday’s for Future” for
A. Women. B. The grassroots. C. Young students. D. Poor farmers.
2. What does Green Belt Movement deal with
A. Preserving trees. B. Community cooperation.
C. Plastic pollution. D. Addressing climate change.
3. Who cares about the cleanliness of water
A Greta Thunberg. B. Wangari Maathai. C. Isatou Ceesay. D. Ma Jun.
B
If you walk around Huntington Beach, California, you may spot a woman holding five leashes (绳套) with one hand and pulling a wagon (马车) with the other. A closer look will show she has seven dogs with her—and none of them are walking on all four legs. Her name is Debbie Pearl,and all of her dogs have disabilities and use wheelchairs or prosthetic limbs (义肢).
There is no doubt Pearl is a dog lover—she trains them for movies and said she has always had “quite a few” of her own dogs at home. In 2005, she created a nonprofit called Dream Fetchers, which helps rescue dogs from the streets. As part of the organization’s mission, members of Pearl’s personal pack work as therapy(治疗)dogs.
About nine years ago,she adopted her first dog with a disability, Fast Eddie. He had a spinal injury and was left on the street. Now, he runs around using a wheelchair.
“Eddie was definitely my inspiration for adopting other disabled dogs,” Pearl said. “He was so full of life.He never let anything slow him down. I mean, he truly was unstoppable.” About once a week, she gathers up her crew and takes them to hospitals, schools or the Easter Seals—a nonprofit that helps adults with disabilities.
“I look for dogs that have been through traumatic (创伤的) events, but they have this amazing gift of forgiveness,” Pearl said. “And that’s a powerful thing for a lot of people, because they can see the courage, the resilience (韧性) that these dogs have. And all of mine have been through the worst—and they’ve come out shining.”
She says all her dogs are here because they’ve gotten a second chance at life. And for other survivors of abuse, or those with disabilities, that can be a powerful thing to see.
4. What can we know about the seven dogs
A. They walk on all their four legs.
B. They are physically challenged.
C. They are famous in many movies.
D. They are trained to help each other.
5. What does Dream Fetchers do
A. Save homeless dogs.
B. Train therapy dogs.
C. Provide leashes for dogs.
D. Offer treatment to adults.
6. What contributed to Pearl’s adopting more disabled dogs
A. Her love of dogs.
B. The needs of a nonprofit.
C. Her wish to rescue dogs.
D. Eddie’s unstoppable spirit.
7. What do Pearl’s dogs show to those receiving therapy
A. Love and help connecting each other.
B. Power and reliance seen in everyday life.
C. Strength and courage facing sufferings.
D. Approaches and wisdom dealing with trouble.
C
The problem of food borne metal contamination (污染) has taken on new urgency, thanks in part to a 2021 US Congressional Report detailing high levels of metals found in baby food pulled off grocery shelves. More recently, high levels of lead (铅) were discovered in children’s fruit puree pouches. Now, two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks.
Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil, air, and water. As a result, traces of dangerous heavy metals — lead, arsenic (砷) and cadmium (镉) — are found in common foods from rice and cereals to nuts and vegetables. Felicia Wu, Michigan State University food scientist, is leading several investigations to gain a better understanding of the health risks of heavy metal exposure.
In the studies, Wu and her colleague, gathered data on the dietary intake of each metal from various sources such as food and water samples and existing studies and reports. There searchers analysand the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects. Both cancer and non-cancer health effects were considered.
Lead is a poisonous metal commonly found in old paint, water pipes, and contaminated soil. Food sources of lead include root vegetables like beets. In the study, lead showed moderate (中度的) to high risk scores for causing lung, kidney, bladder, stomach, and brain cancers. It also showed moderate to high scores for non-cancer risks.
Their initial estimates suggest that every year, more than 6, 000 additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7, 000 cases of skin cancers can be attributed (归因于) to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States. The researchers also found that certain food products can be associated with higher cancer risk than others. These include rice, wheat, and leafy green vegetables.
8. What do the new studies focus on
A. Food safety and children’s health.
B. Food crops and metal contamination.
C. Heavy metals and its danger extent.
D. Metal contamination in food and health risks.
9. Why do heavy metals exist in food
A. Food crops need metal to grow well.
B. Heavy metals are added by producers.
C. They can help with scientific research.
D. Food crops grow up in polluted conditions.
10. How did Wu and her colleague conduct their studies
A By doing surveys online.
B. By analyzing data.
C. By performing experiments.
D. By referring to previous textbooks.
11 Which can best describe Wu’s findings
A. Dramatic. B. Alarming.
C. Confusing. D. Awesome.
D
The poster child for generative Ai software is a shocking human mimic. It represents a potential new era in research, but brings risks.
It co-wrote scientific papers-sometimes secretly. It drafted outlines for presentations, proposals and classes, churned out computer code, and served as a sounding board for research ideas. It also invented references, made up facts and repeated hate speech. Most of all, it caught people’s imaginations. ChatGPT took on whatever role its interlocutors desired—and some they didn’t.
ChatGPT’s only objective is to plausibly continue dialogues in the style of its training data. But in doing so, it and other generative artificial-intelligence(AI) programme are changing how scientists work. They have also reopened debates about the limits of AI, the nature of human intelligence and how best to adjust the interaction between the two.
For some researchers ChatGPT has become an invaluable lab assistant—helping to summarize or write manuscripts, polish applications and write codes. ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas, enhance scientific search engines and identify research gaps in the literature, says Marinka Zitnik, who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts.
But the technology is also dangerous. Automated conversational agents can aid cheats and plagiarists; left unchecked, they could damage the well of scientific knowledge. Undisclosed AI-made content has begun to spread through the Internet and some scientists have admitted using ChatGPT to generate articles without declaring it.
No one knows how much more there is to get from ChatGPT-like systems. Their capabilities might yet be limited by the availability of computing power or new training data. But the generative AI revolution has started. And there’s no turning back.
12. Which aspect of ChatGPT is Paragraph 2 about
A. Its potential. B. Its influence C. Its application. D. Its working theory.
13. What does the underlined word “plausibly” probably mean in Paragraph 3
A. Secretly. B. Fairly. C. Reasonably. D. Immediately
14 What is Marinka Zitnik’s attitude towards ChatGPT
A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Concerned. D. Unclear.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. More Users’ Welfare: ChatGPT B. AI Revolution; No Turning Back
C. ChatGPT: More Functions Developed D. ChatGPT and Science: for Good and Bad
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Retain (保留) Knowledge
Retaining knowledge is important for success at school and in the workplace. While there’s no set rule for how much people will forget over a given amount of time, everyone will sometimes struggle to remember important information.___16___
Use spaced repetition. If you want to remember something, don’t repeat it over and over to yourself—this is known as massed repetition.___17___Ideally, you want to try to retrieve the information exactly at the moment when you were about to forget it. The difficulty of retrieving the information correlates to how strongly you will remember it.
Quiz yourself.___18___The process of retrieving the information from your brain seems to strengthen your mental connection to it, making it easier to remember that information over the long term.
Take notes long-hand. Even if you only use your laptop for note-taking, and stay away from distractions like e-mail or social media, typing is still less effective than hand writing your notes.___19___This is the first step towards understanding and retaining knowledge, rather than merely recording it.
___20___Teaching the knowledge you need to retain to a friend, roommate, or family member forces you to translate the information into clear, understandable language. This is an important activity in “active learning”, which has been shown to improve memory and understanding of knowledge.
A. Link your knowledge to larger concepts.
B. Explain your knowledge to someone else.
C. Instead, let some time go by before you repeat it.
D. Reflect on what aspects of the learning process have worked for you.
E. Taking a short test helps to keep information you’ve just learned in your mind.
F. Writing by hand is slower and forces you to put the teacher’s words into your own words.
G. However, it’s possible to strengthen memorization skills and ensure important knowledge is retained.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Looking over the top of the book, I glanced (瞥) across at the new girl named Rochelle. She only joined our class at the beginning of the week. It must be hard starting a new school in the middle of the year.
At last, the bell went for the end of the day, I___21___Rochelle running towards a tall woman who must be her mum. Then I saw a(n)___22___thing. Rochelle’s mum was waving her arms round and making shapes with her fingers, and Rochelle was doing the same. Oh, could her mother be ___23___ My mind was filled with questions.
The next day, I was reading when I felt a tap on my shoulder. I___24___and Rochelle was standing in front of me. “Shall we test each other ” she asked. “Yes, of course,” I replied. But I couldn’t help asking, “Is your mum deaf ” “Yes, both my parents are,” she said. “Oh, I’m sorry. That must be really tough.” I could tell by the___25___on Rochelle’s face that I’d said something wrong, but somehow I___26___. “So, did your parents need someone to help them look after you when you were a baby ” “Of course not,” Rochelle got___27___. “Being deaf doesn’t mean they’re stupid,” she was almost ___28___. “In fact, they’re much ___29___than most people I know.” I didn’t say her parents were stupid. But before I could explain, she____30____out of the classroom. I hurried after her, but she kept her back to me ____31____I were her enemy.
After school. I saw Rochelle and her mother moving their hands quickly. I stood there, quietly observing, realizing how____32____I had been to assume that her parents’ deafness meant they needed help looking after her. I felt a pang of____33____for my curlier ignorance. All of a sudden, Rochelle was coming over to me. Her anger from earlier____34____into a vulnerable (脆弱的) sadness. She whispered, “I am sorry for shouting at you.” “I understand now, Rochelle. I never intended to hurt you or your parents.” Hearing my words, Rochelle’s eyes____35____.and a smile appeared on her lips.
21. A. spotted B. ignored C. recognized D. admitted
22. A. warming B. satisfying C. upsetting D. surprising
23. A. blind B. deaf C. ill D. injured
24. A. looked up B. bent down C. put forward D. broke out
25. A. worry B. confusion C. expression D. smile
26. A. followed B. continued C. asked D. wondered
27. A. disappointed B. cool C. annoyed D. excited
28. A. jumping B. burning C. laughing D. shouting
29. A. harder B. happier C. kinder D. cleverer
30. A. stormed B. slipped C. swept D. skipped
31. A. now that B. as if C. even though D. in case
32. A. wrong B. cruel C. crazy D. considerate
33. A. misunderstanding B. regret C. willingness D. sympathy
34. A. appeared B. clarified C. turned D. boiled
35. A. widened B. sharpened C. darkened D. softened
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Books are the most valuable intellectual wealth of humanity. However, there are quantities of ancient Chinese ___36___ (classic) suffering from different degrees of damage due to various reasons. This led to the ___37___ (emerge) of the profession of ancient book restorers. “People call us the ‘ancient book doctors’,” said Yang Mingli, ___38___ ancient book restorer at the Wuhan Library in Hubei province.“I really like this name, and our ___39___ (young) ‘patient’ is at least 100 years old.”
Yang started off in the library ___40___ (work) in reader service and data entry for ancient books. In 2012, she ___41___ (voluntary) requested to further her studies in the ancient book restoration skills courses offered by the China National Centre for the Preservation and Conservation of Ancient Books. Since then, she ___42___ (go) on to become a full-time restorer for the next 10 years and has restored about 10,000 pages of ancient books.
The fragments (碎片) of the book range in size with the smallest being only a few millimetre ___43___ length. “It could disappear with just one blow,” she joked. The primary causes of illness ___44___ (see) in damaged ancient books are aging, acidity (酸性), fire, and other factors, ____45____ may bring about easily broken pages as well as deterioration (变质) and yellowing of the paper. In some cases, the pages of the book could be completely stuck together as solid as a brick
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。随着春节假期的到来，你校号召学生在寒假期间学习一项技能。请写出一项你最想掌握的技能，向校英文周报投稿。内容包括：
1.想要学习的技能
2.想要学习的原因。
注意：
].写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答，
The Skill I Want to Acquire
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For as long as I can remember. I have spent every Sunday afternoon until I was a teen, around the table at Grandma’s house. As soon as Grandma and I would return from Sunday Morning Mass at St Joseph’s Parish. Grandma got started on the meatball.
Ever since I was just two years old, Grandma would always allow me, her only granddaughter at the time, to sneak a meatball before dinner was served. There was something about that snuck meatball. For some reason, it tasted so much better than the one she placed beside my macaroni, once we all sat down. My Italian Gamma had a way of keeping an eye on all of her meatballs, to make sure no one snuck a meatball but me, who she gave that special VIP sneak. How did she do it Well, she would make my “before dinner meatball” slightly bigger than the rest.
The meatball stealing games was all fun until Jeanine came along. Allow me to introduce you to my sister Jeanine, my Gramma’s second granddaughter born five years after me, just three years after I fell in love with Gramma’s yummy meatballs.
My younger sister Jeanine was quite the fussy eater. She did not care that her gramma made the world’s best meatballs, or that our mama made almost as yummy meatballs as her mother did. All Jeanine cared about was being done with dinner as fast as possible so she can go back to playing, and so she can get her evening snack, cocoa and popcorn. Jeanine knew the rules. She knew no snack unless you finish your dinner at least 90 percent. Jeanine was not giving up her favourite snack. She knew she had to develop a plan! She did indeed!
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
So, one day when she was given a meatball on her plate, she stole that meatball.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day my mother noticed that something smelt funny in our closet.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________绝密★启用前
2024届高三1月质量检测
英语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4.考试结柬后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15.
B. 9.18.
C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where is the man going
A.To the dorm.
B.To the bookstore.
C.To the library.
2.What day is it today
A.Tuesday.
B.Wednesday.
C.Thursday.
3.What will the speakers do
A.See a film.
B.Go shopping
C.Make a shopping list.
4.What programme comes first on TV
A.A talent show.
B.A movie.
C.A basketball match.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Classmates.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Salesman and customer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.How does the man feel probably
A.Satisfied,
B.Confused.
C.Angry.
7.When can the man get his computer back
A.Tonight.
B.In a few more days.
C.In two weeks.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题，
8.What is the man complaining about
A.Not getting the promised discount.
B.The impolite attitude of the salesman.
C.The poor quality of the goods he bought.
9.What will the woman give to the man
A.An extra discount.B.Some money
C.A letter of apology.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Where are the speakers now
AIn Miami.
B.In Manhattan.
C.In Hawaii
11.What is the woman’s video camera like
AIt is old.
B.It is strong.
C.It is heavy.
12.How much did the woman spend on her camera in total
A.$180.
B.$300.
C.$330.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What were the kids doing in the pool
A.Performing first aid.
B.Having a swimming class.C.Practising a board game.
14.Why did the man jump into the pool
A.To save a boy.
B.To show his skill.
C.To go for a dive.
15.Who called for an ambulance
A.The man
B.A student
C.The instructor.
16.What do we know about the boy
A.He lost his memory forever.
B.He forgot what had happened.
C.He argued with his parents.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17What made people invent bicycles
A.They disliked horses.
B.They moved far away to the countryside.
C.They wanted a simple means of transportation.
18.When did the first bicycle show up
A.In 1790
B.In 1800.
C.In 1861
19.Why did people prefer bicycles
A.They were very fashionable.
B.They were of the same prices as horses.
C.They needed no food and were easy to ride.
20.What does the speaker mainly introduce about the bicycle
A.Its history.
B.Its price.
C.Its inventor.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following are some unsung heroes bringing a unique viewpoint and approach to the global challenge of environmental conservation.
Greta Thunberg
Greta Thunberg, a young environmental voice from Sweden, has not only caught global attention but transformed it into a powerful movement. Through her “Fridays for Future” initiative, Greta encourages students worldwide to advocate for climate action, calling for the urgency of addressing climate change. Her touching speeches at international forums, coupled with a refusal to accept inaction have made her a symbol of youth-driven environmental advocacy.
Wangari Maathai
The late Nobel Peace Prize winner from Kenya left a permanent mark through her pioneering Green Belt Movement. This grassroots initiative empowered communities, particularly women, to fight against deforestation through tree planting. Maathai’s legacy lives on in the millions of trees planted across Africa, reflecting her belief that sustainable development starts at the grassroots level, with communities actively engaged in preserving their environment
Isaton Ceesay
Isatou Ceesay, an environmentalist from The Gambia, has emerged as a pioneer in the fight against plastic pollution. Recognizing the detrimental impact of plastic waste on local communities and ecosystems, Ceesay founded the “Women’s Initiative Gambia”. Through creative recycling initiatives, she empowers women to repurpose plastic waste, promoting economic independence within communities.
Ma Jun
Ma Jun began his career as an investigative journalist, but has quickly risen to become an outstanding Chinese environmentalist, known for his pioneering work in water pollution control. As the founder of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs(IPE), Ma Jun developed the China Water Pollution Map, an interactive online tool that tracks water quality data and exposes pollution sources across the country.
1. What group of peoples “Friday’s for Future” for
A. Women. B. The grassroots. C. Young students. D. Poor farmers.
2. What does Green Belt Movement deal with
A. Preserving trees. B. Community cooperation.
C. Plastic pollution. D. Addressing climate change.
3. Who cares about the cleanliness of water
A. Greta Thunberg. B. Wangari Maathai. C. Isatou Ceesay. D. Ma Jun.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一些无名英雄，他们以独特的视角和方法应对环境保护的全球挑战。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Through her “Fridays for Future” initiative, Greta encourages students worldwide to advocate for climate action, calling for the urgency of addressing climate change.(通过她的“面向未来的星期五”倡议，格里塔鼓励全世界的学生倡导气候行动，呼吁应对气候变化的紧迫性)”可知，“未来周五”是为年轻人准备的。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This grassroots initiative empowered communities, particularly women, to fight against deforestation through tree planting.(这一基层倡议使社区，特别是妇女，能够通过植树造林来对抗森林砍伐)”可知，Green Belt Movement的目的保护树木。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ma Jun began his career as an investigative journalist, but has quickly risen to become an outstanding Chinese environmentalist, known for his pioneering work in water pollution control.(马军最初是一名调查记者，但很快就成为了一名杰出的中国环保人士，以其在水污染控制方面的开创性工作而闻名)”可知，马军会关心水的清洁。故选D。
B
If you walk around Huntington Beach, California, you may spot a woman holding five leashes (绳套) with one hand and pulling a wagon (马车) with the other. A closer look will show she has seven dogs with her—and none of them are walking on all four legs. Her name is Debbie Pearl,and all of her dogs have disabilities and use wheelchairs or prosthetic limbs (义肢).
There is no doubt Pearl is a dog lover—she trains them for movies and said she has always had “quite a few” of her own dogs at home. In 2005, she created a nonprofit called Dream Fetchers, which helps rescue dogs from the streets. As part of the organization’s mission, members of Pearl’s personal pack work as therapy(治疗)dogs.
About nine years ago,she adopted her first dog with a disability, Fast Eddie. He had a spinal injury and was left on the street. Now, he runs around using a wheelchair.
“Eddie was definitely my inspiration for adopting other disabled dogs,” Pearl said. “He was so full of life.He never let anything slow him down. I mean, he truly was unstoppable.” About once a week, she gathers up her crew and takes them to hospitals, schools or the Easter Seals—a nonprofit that helps adults with disabilities.
“I look for dogs that have been through traumatic (创伤的) events, but they have this amazing gift of forgiveness,” Pearl said. “And that’s a powerful thing for a lot of people, because they can see the courage, the resilience (韧性) that these dogs have. And all of mine have been through the worst—and they’ve come out shining.”
She says all her dogs are here because they’ve gotten a second chance at life. And for other survivors of abuse, or those with disabilities, that can be a powerful thing to see.
4. What can we know about the seven dogs
A. They walk on all their four legs.
B. They are physically challenged.
C. They are famous in many movies.
D. They are trained to help each other.
5. What does Dream Fetchers do
A. Save homeless dogs.
B. Train therapy dogs.
C. Provide leashes for dogs.
D. Offer treatment to adults.
6. What contributed to Pearl’s adopting more disabled dogs
A. Her love of dogs.
B. The needs of a nonprofit.
C. Her wish to rescue dogs.
D. Eddie’s unstoppable spirit.
7. What do Pearl’s dogs show to those receiving therapy
A. Love and help connecting each other.
B. Power and reliance seen in everyday life.
C. Strength and courage facing sufferings.
D. Approaches and wisdom dealing with trouble.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Debbie Pearl收养了7只遭受虐待的残疾狗。现在，它们正在帮助激励其他人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A closer look will show she has seven dogs with her—and none of them are walking on all four legs. Her name is Debbie Pearl,and all of her dogs have disabilities and use wheelchairs or prosthetic limbs (义肢).( 仔细一看，会发现她身边有7只狗，而且没有一只是四条腿走路的。她的名字叫黛比·珀尔，她所有的狗都有残疾，使用轮椅或假肢)”可知，这些狗身体上有问题。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 2005, she created a nonprofit called Dream Fetchers, which helps rescue dogs from the streets.( 2005年，她创建了一个名为Dream Fetchers的非营利组织，帮助救助流浪狗。)”可知，Dream Fetchers这个组织是帮助救助流浪狗的。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的““Eddie was definitely my inspiration for adopting other disabled dogs,” Pearl said. “He was so full of life.He never let anything slow him down. I mean, he truly was unstoppable.”(“埃迪绝对是我收养其他残疾狗的灵感来源，”珀尔说。“他是如此充满活力。他从不让任何事情拖慢他的脚步。我的意思是，他真的是不可阻挡的。”)”可知，促使Pearl收养其他残疾狗的是Eddie的不可阻挡的精神。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段的“And that’s a powerful thing for a lot of people, because they can see the courage, the resilience (韧性) that these dogs have.( 这对很多人来说是一件很强大的事情，因为他们可以看到这些狗所拥有的勇气和韧性。)”以及最后一段中“And for other survivors of abuse, or those with disabilities, that can be a powerful thing to see.( 对于其他遭受虐待的幸存者或残疾人士来说，这可能是一件令人震惊的事情。)”可知，这些狗向那些接受治疗的人们展示了面对艰难时的力量和勇气。故选C。
C
The problem of food borne metal contamination (污染) has taken on new urgency, thanks in part to a 2021 US Congressional Report detailing high levels of metals found in baby food pulled off grocery shelves. More recently, high levels of lead (铅) were discovered in children’s fruit puree pouches. Now, two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks.
Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil, air, and water. As a result, traces of dangerous heavy metals — lead, arsenic (砷) and cadmium (镉) — are found in common foods from rice and cereals to nuts and vegetables. Felicia Wu, Michigan State University food scientist, is leading several investigations to gain a better understanding of the health risks of heavy metal exposure.
In the studies, Wu and her colleague, gathered data on the dietary intake of each metal from various sources such as food and water samples and existing studies and reports. There searchers analysand the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects. Both cancer and non-cancer health effects were considered.
Lead is a poisonous metal commonly found in old paint, water pipes, and contaminated soil. Food sources of lead include root vegetables like beets. In the study, lead showed moderate (中度的) to high risk scores for causing lung, kidney, bladder, stomach, and brain cancers. It also showed moderate to high scores for non-cancer risks.
Their initial estimates suggest that every year, more than 6, 000 additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7, 000 cases of skin cancers can be attributed (归因于) to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States. The researchers also found that certain food products can be associated with higher cancer risk than others. These include rice, wheat, and leafy green vegetables.
8. What do the new studies focus on
A. Food safety and children’s health.
B. Food crops and metal contamination.
C. Heavy metals and its danger extent.
D. Metal contamination in food and health risks.
9. Why do heavy metals exist in food
A. Food crops need metal to grow well.
B. Heavy metals are added by producers.
C. They can help with scientific research.
D. Food crops grow up in polluted conditions.
10. How did Wu and her colleague conduct their studies
A. By doing surveys online.
B. By analyzing data.
C. By performing experiments.
D. By referring to previous textbooks.
11. Which can best describe Wu’s findings
A. Dramatic. B. Alarming.
C. Confusing. D. Awesome.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物中重金属污染问题及其对健康造成的风险，包括铅、砷和镉等金属在食物中的含量和其对健康的影响，并指出某些食物产品比其他食物更容易导致癌症风险。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now, two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks. (现在，两项新的研究提供了接触食物中的重金属与患癌症和其他严重健康风险之间关系的信息)”可知，新研究关注的是食品中的金属污染与健康风险。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil, air, and water.(粮食作物可以从受污染的土壤、空气和水中吸收重金属)”可知，食物中会存在重金属是因为生长在受污染的环境中，并吸收了重金属。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“There searchers analysand the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects.(在那里，研究人员分析了数据，以确定饮食暴露与不良健康影响之间的联系强度)”可知，吴和她的同事通过分析数据的方式进行研究。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Their initial estimates suggest that every year, more than 6, 000 additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7, 000 cases of skin cancers can be attributed (归因于) to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States. The researchers also found that certain food products can be associated with higher cancer risk than others. These include rice, wheat, and leafy green vegetables.(他们的初步估计表明，在美国，每年有6000多例膀胱癌和肺癌病例以及7000多例皮肤癌病例可归因于无机砷的摄入。研究人员还发现，某些食品可能比其他食品具有更高的癌症风险。这些蔬菜包括大米、小麦和绿叶蔬菜)”可知，吴的研究发现重金属污染问题已经非常严重，所以其研究发现令人感到担忧。故选B项。
D
The poster child for generative Ai software is a shocking human mimic. It represents a potential new era in research, but brings risks.
It co-wrote scientific papers-sometimes secretly. It drafted outlines for presentations, proposals and classes, churned out computer code, and served as a sounding board for research ideas. It also invented references, made up facts and repeated hate speech. Most of all, it caught people’s imaginations. ChatGPT took on whatever role its interlocutors desired—and some they didn’t.
ChatGPT’s only objective is to plausibly continue dialogues in the style of its training data. But in doing so, it and other generative artificial-intelligence(AI) programme are changing how scientists work. They have also reopened debates about the limits of AI, the nature of human intelligence and how best to adjust the interaction between the two.
For some researchers ChatGPT has become an invaluable lab assistant—helping to summarize or write manuscripts, polish applications and write codes. ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas, enhance scientific search engines and identify research gaps in the literature, says Marinka Zitnik, who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts.
But the technology is also dangerous. Automated conversational agents can aid cheats and plagiarists; left unchecked, they could damage the well of scientific knowledge. Undisclosed AI-made content has begun to spread through the Internet and some scientists have admitted using ChatGPT to generate articles without declaring it.
No one knows how much more there is to get from ChatGPT-like systems. Their capabilities might yet be limited by the availability of computing power or new training data. But the generative AI revolution has started. And there’s no turning back.
12. Which aspect of ChatGPT is Paragraph 2 about
A. Its potential. B. Its influence C. Its application. D. Its working theory.
13. What does the underlined word “plausibly” probably mean in Paragraph 3
A. Secretly. B. Fairly. C. Reasonably. D. Immediately
14. What is Marinka Zitnik’s attitude towards ChatGPT
A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Concerned. D. Unclear.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. More Users’ Welfare: ChatGPT B. AI Revolution; No Turning Back
C. ChatGPT: More Functions Developed D. ChatGPT and Science: for Good and Bad
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了ChatGPT对科学的有利和不利之处。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“It co-wrote scientific papers-sometimes secretly. It drafted outlines for presentations, proposals and classes, churned out computer code, and served as a sounding board for research ideas. It also invented references, made up facts and repeated hate speech. (它参与撰写科学论文——有时是秘密地。它为演讲、提案和课程起草大纲，大量编写计算机代码，并为研究想法提供意见。它还捏造参考文献，编造事实，反复发表仇恨言论)”可知，第二段介绍的是ChatGPT的应用。故选C。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“continue dialogues in the style of its training data”可知，ChatGPT的唯一目标是要继续对话，为此它需要用训练数据的风格来合理让对话继续下去。故划线词意思是“合理地”。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas, enhance scientific, search engines and identify research gaps in the literature, says Marinka Zitnik, who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts.(在马萨诸塞州波士顿的哈佛医学院从事人工智能医学研究的Marinka Zitnik说，ChatGPT和相关软件可以帮助集思广益，增强科学搜索引擎，并识别文献中的研究空白)”可知，他对ChatGPT的态度是肯定的。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“The poster child for generative Al software is a shocking human mimic. It represents a potential new era in research, but brings risks.(生成式人工智能软件的典型代表是一个令人震惊的人类模仿者。它代表了一个潜在的研究新时代，但也带来了风险)”可知，本文介绍了ChatGPT对科学的有利和不利之处。D选项“ChatGPT与科学：好与坏”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Retain (保留) Knowledge
Retaining knowledge is important for success at school and in the workplace. While there’s no set rule for how much people will forget over a given amount of time, everyone will sometimes struggle to remember important information.___16___
Use spaced repetition. If you want to remember something, don’t repeat it over and over to yourself—this is known as massed repetition.___17___Ideally, you want to try to retrieve the information exactly at the moment when you were about to forget it. The difficulty of retrieving the information correlates to how strongly you will remember it.
Quiz yourself.___18___The process of retrieving the information from your brain seems to strengthen your mental connection to it, making it easier to remember that information over the long term.
Take notes long-hand. Even if you only use your laptop for note-taking, and stay away from distractions like e-mail or social media, typing is still less effective than hand writing your notes.___19___This is the first step towards understanding and retaining knowledge, rather than merely recording it.
___20___Teaching the knowledge you need to retain to a friend, roommate, or family member forces you to translate the information into clear, understandable language. This is an important activity in “active learning”, which has been shown to improve memory and understanding of knowledge.
A. Link your knowledge to larger concepts.
B. Explain your knowledge to someone else.
C. Instead, let some time go by before you repeat it.
D. Reflect on what aspects of the learning process have worked for you.
E. Taking a short test helps to keep information you’ve just learned in your mind.
F. Writing by hand is slower and forces you to put the teacher’s words into your own words.
G. However, it’s possible to strengthen memorization skills and ensure important knowledge is retained.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. E 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些加强记忆技能的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Retaining knowledge is important for success at school and in the workplace. While there’s no set rule for how much people will forget over a given amount of time, everyone will sometimes struggle t0 remember important information.(保留知识对于在学校和工作场所取得成功都很重要。虽然在给定的时间内人们会忘记多少并没有固定的规则，但每个人有时都很难记住重要的信息)”结合后文主要说明了加强记忆的方法，可知本句应指出有方法或技巧可以保留知识。故G选项“然而，加强记忆技能和确保重要知识被保留是可能的”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“If you want to remember something, don’t repeat it over and over to yourself—this is known as massed repetition.(如果你想记住什么，不要一遍又一遍地对自己重复——这就是所谓的大量重复)”推知，本句应指出什么才是正确的方法。故C选项“相反，让一段时间过去，然后再重复”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Quiz yourself.(测试你自己)”可知，本段的建议是通过测试自己来记忆知识，本句是对上文主旨句的展开说明。故E选项“做一个简短的测试可以帮助你把刚学到的知识记住”符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Even if you only use your laptop for note-taking, and stay away from distractions like e-mail or social media, typing is still less effective than hand writing your notes.(手写笔记。即使你只是用笔记本电脑做笔记，远离电子邮件或社交媒体等干扰，打字的效率仍然不如手写)”可知，本句应解释手写比打字效率高的原因。故F选项“手写比较慢，而且强迫你把老师的话变成自己的话”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据本段内容“Teaching the knowledge you need to retain to a friend, roommate, or family member forces you to translate the information into clear, understandable language. This is an important activity in “active learning”, which has been shown to improve memory and understanding of knowledge.(把你需要记住的知识教给朋友、室友或家人，迫使你把这些信息翻译成清晰易懂的语言。这是“主动学习”中的一项重要活动，已被证明可以提高记忆力和对知识的理解)”可知，本段建议通过给别人解释自己学到的知识来加强记忆。故B选项“向别人解释你的知识”可以作为主旨句，总领全段。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Looking over the top of the book, I glanced (瞥) across at the new girl named Rochelle. She only joined our class at the beginning of the week. It must be hard starting a new school in the middle of the year.
At last, the bell went for the end of the day, I___21___Rochelle running towards a tall woman who must be her mum. Then I saw a(n)___22___thing. Rochelle’s mum was waving her arms round and making shapes with her fingers, and Rochelle was doing the same. Oh, could her mother be ___23___ My mind was filled with questions.
The next day, I was reading when I felt a tap on my shoulder. I___24___and Rochelle was standing in front of me. “Shall we test each other ” she asked. “Yes, of course,” I replied. But I couldn’t help asking, “Is your mum deaf ” “Yes, both my parents are,” she said. “Oh, I’m sorry. That must be really tough.” I could tell by the___25___on Rochelle’s face that I’d said something wrong, but somehow I___26___. “So, did your parents need someone to help them look after you when you were a baby ” “Of course not,” Rochelle got___27___. “Being deaf doesn’t mean they’re stupid,” she was almost ___28___. “In fact, they’re much ___29___than most people I know.” I didn’t say her parents were stupid. But before I could explain, she____30____out of the classroom. I hurried after her, but she kept her back to me ____31____I were her enemy.
After school. I saw Rochelle and her mother moving their hands quickly. I stood there, quietly observing, realizing how____32____I had been to assume that her parents’ deafness meant they needed help looking after her. I felt a pang of____33____for my curlier ignorance. All of a sudden, Rochelle was coming over to me. Her anger from earlier____34____into a vulnerable (脆弱的) sadness. She whispered, “I am sorry for shouting at you.” “I understand now, Rochelle. I never intended to hurt you or your parents.” Hearing my words, Rochelle’s eyes____35____.and a smile appeared on her lips.
21. A. spotted B. ignored C. recognized D. admitted
22. A. warming B. satisfying C. upsetting D. surprising
23. A. blind B. deaf C. ill D. injured
24. A. looked up B. bent down C. put forward D. broke out
25. A. worry B. confusion C. expression D. smile
26. A. followed B. continued C. asked D. wondered
27. A. disappointed B. cool C. annoyed D. excited
28. A. jumping B. burning C. laughing D. shouting
29. A. harder B. happier C. kinder D. cleverer
30. A. stormed B. slipped C. swept D. skipped
31. A. now that B. as if C. even though D. in case
32. A. wrong B. cruel C. crazy D. considerate
33. A. misunderstanding B. regret C. willingness D. sympathy
34. A. appeared B. clarified C. turned D. boiled
35. A. widened B. sharpened C. darkened D. softened
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者无意中看到Rochelle放学后和妈妈在比手语，了解得知Rochelle的妈妈是聋子，于是作者问Rochelle的父母是否在照顾Rochelle的时候需要帮助，结果Rochelle以为作者觉得自己的父母愚蠢，十分生气。事后作者也意识到自己的无知，向Rochelle道了歉。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，一天结束的钟声敲响了，我看见罗谢尔向一个高个子女人跑去，那一定是她的妈妈。A. spotted发现；B. ignored忽视；C. recognized认出；D. admitted承认。根据后文“Rochelle running towards a tall woman”指作者注意到罗谢尔向一个高个子女人跑去，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我看到了一件令人惊讶的事情。A. warming让人感到温暖的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. upsetting令人沮丧的；D. surprising惊人的。根据后文“Rochelle’s mum was waving her arms round and making shapes with her fingers, and Rochelle was doing the same.(罗谢尔的妈妈挥舞着手臂，用手指做着各种形状，罗谢尔也在做着同样的事情)”指作者看到罗谢尔和妈妈之间令人惊讶的事情。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哦，难道她妈妈是聋子吗？A. blind盲的；B. deaf聋的；C. ill生病的；D. injured受伤的。根据后文“But I couldn’t help asking, “Is your mum deaf ” “Yes, both my parents are,” she said.( 但我忍不住问:“你妈妈聋了吗？”“是的，我父母都是，”她说。)”可知，她妈妈是聋子。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我抬头一看，罗谢尔就站在我面前。A. looked up抬头看；B. bent down弯曲；C. put forward提出；D. broke out爆发。根据后文“and Rochelle was standing in front of me.”指作者抬头一看，罗谢尔就站在自己面前。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从罗谢尔脸上的表情，我知道我说错了什么，但不知怎的，我还是继续说下去。A. worry担忧；B. confusion困惑；C. expression表情；D. smile微笑。根据后文“on Rochelle’s face”指罗谢尔脸上的表情。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从罗谢尔脸上的表情，我知道我说错了什么，但不知怎的，我还是继续说下去。A. followed跟随；B. continued继续；C. asked询问；D. wondered想知道。根据后文“So, did your parents need someone to help them look after you when you were a baby (“那么，当你还是个婴儿的时候，你的父母需要有人帮他们照顾你吗？”)”可知，作者继续询问情况。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当然不用，”罗谢尔生气了。A. disappointed失望的；B. cool凉爽的；C. annoyed生气的；D. excited激动的。根据后文“Being deaf doesn’t mean they’re stupid(耳聋不代表他们笨)”可知，罗谢尔生气了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“耳聋不代表他们笨，”她几乎是在大喊大叫。A. jumping跳跃；B. burning燃烧；C. laughing笑；D. shouting叫喊。根据上文“Being deaf doesn’t mean they’re stupid(耳聋不代表他们笨)”可知，罗谢尔认为作者的问题很无理，生气了，几乎是在大喊。后文“I am sorry for shouting at you.”也是提示。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“事实上，他们比我认识的大多数人都要聪明得多。”A. harder更努力的；B. happier更快乐的；C. kinder更善良的；D. cleverer更聪明的。根据上文“Being deaf doesn’t mean they’re stupid”可知，罗谢尔认为自己的父母并不愚蠢，反而更聪明。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我还没来得及解释，她就怒气冲冲地走出了教室。A. stormed猛烈攻击，冲出；B. slipped滑动；C. swept扫除；D. skipped略过。结合上文可知，罗谢尔对作者的问题感到生气，作者还没来得及解释，她就怒气冲冲地走出了教室。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我急忙追赶她，但她背对着我，好像我是她的敌人。A. now that既然；B. as if好像；C. even though虽然；D. in case万一。此处引导方式状语从句，表示“好像”应用as if。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，静静地观察着，意识到我以为她父母耳聋意味着他们需要帮助照顾她是多么的错误。A. wrong错误的；B. cruel残酷的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. considerate体贴的。呼应上文“on Rochelle’s face that I’d said something wrong”指作者认为她父母耳聋意味着他们需要帮助照顾她是多么的错误。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为自己的无知感到一阵后悔。A. misunderstanding误解；B. regret后悔；C. willingness愿意；D. sympathy同情。结合后文“for my curlier ignorance”可知，作者为自己的无知感到后悔。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她早先的愤怒变成了脆弱的悲伤。A. appeared出现；B. clarified澄清；C. turned转变；D. boiled煮沸。根据后文“into a vulnerable sadness”可知，罗谢尔的愤怒变成了悲伤，turn into表示“变成”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：听了我的话，罗谢尔的眼睛变得柔和了，她的嘴唇上出现了微笑。A. widened使扩大；B. sharpened使尖锐；C. darkened变暗；D. softened软化，变柔和。根据后文“and a smile appeared on her lips”可知，罗谢尔接受了作者的道歉，眼睛变得柔和了。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Books are the most valuable intellectual wealth of humanity. However there are quantities of ancient Chinese ___36___ (classic) suffering from different degrees of damage due to various reasons. This led to the ___37___ (emerge) of the profession of ancient book restorers. “People call us the ‘ancient book doctors’,” said Yang Mingli, ___38___ ancient book restorer at the Wuhan Library in Hubei province.“I really like this name, and our ___39___ (young) ‘patient’ is at least 100 years old.”
Yang started off in the library ___40___ (work) in reader service and data entry for ancient books. In 2012, she ___41___ (voluntary) requested to further her studies in the ancient book restoration skills courses offered by the China National Centre for the Preservation and Conservation of Ancient Books. Since then, she ___42___ (go) on to become a full-time restorer for the next 10 years and has restored about 10,000 pages of ancient books.
The fragments (碎片) of the book range in size, with the smallest being only a few millimetre ___43___ length. “It could disappear with just one blow,” she joked. The primary causes of illness ___44___ (see) in damaged ancient books are aging, acidity (酸性), fire, and other factors, ____45____ may bring about easily broken pages as well as deterioration (变质) and yellowing of the paper. In some cases, the pages of the book could be completely stuck together as solid as a brick
【答案】36. classics
37. emergence
38. an 39. youngest
40. working
41. voluntarily
42. has gone##has been going
43. in 44. seen
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了各种原因导致大量中国古代典籍遭受不同程度的损坏，从而促使古籍修复师这一职业的出现。文章以古籍修复师杨明丽为例，描述了她细致地修复古籍的工作过程和遇到的挑战。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：然而，由于各种原因，有大量的中国古代典籍受到不同程度的损坏。分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语，被ancient Chinese修饰，结合“quantities of”可知，可数名词classic“典籍”应用复数形式。故填classics。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：这导致了古籍修复师这一职业的出现。分析句子可知，空处作led to的宾语，空前有the，emerge的名词形式emergence“出现”符合题意，为不可数名词。故填emergence。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“人们称我们为‘古籍医生’，”湖北省武汉图书馆的古籍修复师杨明丽说。分析句子可知，此处介绍Yang Mingli的身份，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一位”，应用不定冠词，且ancient的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：“我真的很喜欢这个名字，我们最年轻的‘病人’至少100岁了。”结合杨明丽是古籍修复师，以及“at least 100 years old”可推知，此处指“最年轻的”古籍的岁数，空处应用形容词young的最高级形式，作定语，修饰patient。故填youngest。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：杨明丽一开始在图书馆从事读者服务和古籍数据录入工作。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的状语，非谓语动词work“工作”和主语Yang逻辑上是主动关系，应用work的现在分词形式。故填working。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：2012年，她主动申请继续学习由中国古籍保护保护中心提供的古籍修复技能课程。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词requested，voluntary的副词形式voluntarily符合题意，意为“主动地”，作状语。故填voluntarily。
【42题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从那以后，她在接下来的10年里成为了一名全职修复师，修复了大约1万页的古书。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为Since then,，动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，可以用现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响，也可以用现在完成进行时表示动作会继续进行下去，主语为she，助动词用has。故填has gone/has been going。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：这本书的碎片大小不一，最小的只有几毫米长。根据“with the smallest being only a few millimetre”和“length”可推知，此处用固定短语in length表示“长度为”。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：受损古籍的主要病因是老化、酸性、火等因素，这些因素可能导致易破页、纸张变质、发黄。分析句子可知，空处作illness的后置定语，是非谓语动词，see“看见”和illness逻辑上是被动关系，应用see的过去分词形式。故填seen。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：受损古籍的主要病因是老化、酸性、火等因素，这些因素可能导致易破页、纸张变质、发黄。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词aging, acidity (酸性), fire, and other factors指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。随着春节假期的到来，你校号召学生在寒假期间学习一项技能。请写出一项你最想掌握的技能，向校英文周报投稿。内容包括：
1.想要学习的技能
2.想要学习的原因。
注意：
].写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答，
The Skill I Want to Acquire
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version;
The Skill I Want to Acquire
With the Spring Festival approaching, I will have quite a lot of free time, which is a good chance to gain some useful skills. For me, learning to cut paper is something I am eager to acquire.
As we all know, paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese culture and a visual feast. During the Spring Festival, houses are decorated with paper-cuts so that everyone can bask in the festive atmosphere. Therefore, I intend to develop the practical skill to contribute to the preservation of traditional culture. I believe I can do it if I put my mind to it.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写出一项最想掌握的技能，向校英文周报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
临近：approach→around the corner
机会：chance→opportunity
打算：intend to do sth→plan to do sth
保护：preservation→protection
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Therefore, I intend to develop the practical skill to contribute to the preservation of traditional culture.
拓展句：Therefore, I intend to develop the practical skill, which contributes to the preservation of traditional culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] With the Spring Festival approaching, I will have quite a lot of free time, which is a good chance to gain some useful skills. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I believe I can do it if I put my mind to it. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For as long as I can remember. I have spent every Sunday afternoon until I was a teen, around the table at Grandma’s house. As soon as Grandma and I would return from Sunday Morning Mass at St Joseph’s Parish. Grandma got started on the meatball.
Ever since I was just two years old, Grandma would always allow me, her only granddaughter at the time, to sneak a meatball before dinner was served. There was something about that snuck meatball. For some reason, it tasted so much better than the one she placed beside my macaroni, once we all sat down. My Italian Gamma had a way of keeping an eye on all of her meatballs, to make sure no one snuck a meatball but me, who she gave that special VIP sneak. How did she do it Well, she would make my “before dinner meatball” slightly bigger than the rest.
The meatball stealing games was all fun until Jeanine came along. Allow me to introduce you to my sister Jeanine, my Gramma’s second granddaughter born five years after me, just three years after I fell in love with Gramma’s yummy meatballs.
My younger sister Jeanine was quite the fussy eater. She did not care that her gramma made the world’s best meatballs, or that our mama made almost as yummy meatballs as her mother did. All Jeanine cared about was being done with dinner as fast as possible so she can go back to playing, and so she can get her evening snack, cocoa and popcorn. Jeanine knew the rules. She knew no snack unless you finish your dinner at least 90 percent. Jeanine was not giving up her favourite snack. She knew she had to develop a plan! She did indeed!
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
So, one day when she was given a meatball on her plate, she stole that meatball.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day my mother noticed that something smelt funny in our closet.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
So, one day when she was given a meatball on her plate, she stole that meatball. She stole it right off her dinner plate. However, rather than making its way to her eight-year-old mouth, it found its way in her bedroom closet! Yes, you heard me right! My little sister hid that meatball and put it in her bedroom closet, so she can pass herself off as finishing her dinner and can be free to go play, and then afterwards be rewarded hot cocoa and popcorn later that evening for finishing her dinner.
One day my mother noticed that something smelt funny in our closet. My curious mother followed her nose to the back of our clothes closet. Sure enough, there were about 4 weeks of our family dinner meatballs hidden behind all of our summer jelly shoes! Seeing these, Mum immediately understood her trick. What was the cost of making Mum angry No snacks for a week. However, I would say nothing was going to stand in the way of Jeanine and her favourite snack! Who knew if she had another plan.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妹妹为了不吃奶奶做的肉丸，把肉丸藏在卧室的柜子里，然后假装吃完了饭，自由地去玩，然后晚上吃完饭就可以得到热可可和爆米花的奖励。结果被妈妈闻到了气味，发现了妹妹的所作所为，妈妈十分生气，惩罚妹妹一周不准吃零食。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“所以，有一天当她的盘子里有一个肉丸时，她偷了那个肉丸”可知，第一段可描写妹妹把肉丸藏在卧室里的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“一天，我妈妈注意到我们的衣柜里有一股奇怪的气味”可知，第二段可描写妈妈发现了妹妹的所作所为，十分生气，惩罚了妹妹。
2续写线索：妹妹偷肉丸——藏肉丸——假装吃完饭——妈妈发现——惩罚妹妹
3.词汇激活
行为类
①假装：pass oneself off/feign
②奖励：reward/award
③看到：see/spot
情绪类
①生气的：angry/mad
【点睛】[高分句型1] My little sister hid that meatball and put it in her bedroom closet, so she can pass herself off as finishing her dinner and can be free to go play, and then afterwards be rewarded hot cocoa and popcorn later that evening for finishing her dinner. (运用了动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] Who knew if she had another plan. (运用了if引导宾语从句)
