人教版（2019）必修 第二册UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 核心要点突破学案（含答案）
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UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
核心要点突破（含答案）
1.surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surroundings n.周围的事物；环境
【高考链接】 It is wise to surround yourself with people who have a high level of self-discipline.(建议信)
交一些高度自律的朋友是明智的。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①____________ (surround) by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small river flowing through the farm.(景点介绍，2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
②In a word，you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new ____________ (surround) soon.
③The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world ________________________.(环境保护)
垃圾污染的问题变得如此严重，世界上许多城市现在都被垃圾包围。
【用法小结】
surround...with...
用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with...
被……包围
2.charge n.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲
【高考链接】 Last week we had a heated debate about whether citizens can access the Science Museum free of charge/for free.
上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We have enough confidence to charge you ____________ abuse of power.
②I will ____________________________________ designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.(咨询信，2021·全国甲卷)
我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
③Learning that the shop owner ________________________，I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up within me.(情感描写)
得知店主没有收我买礼物的钱，我感到一股温暖和感激之情涌上心头。
【用法小结】
·charge sb with (doing) sth＝accuse sb of (doing) sth指控某人犯……罪
charge sb (...) for sth
因某事/物向某人收费
·free of charge＝for free免费
in charge of掌管(表状态)
take charge of
掌管(表动作)
in the charge of
被……掌管；由……负责
3.amount n.金额；数量vi.总计，共计；相当于，等于
【高考链接】 A large amount of money raised in the charity sale has been donated to the local school.(活动介绍)
在慈善义卖中筹集的一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①A large amount of money ____________ (spend) on the construction of the school last year.
→Large amounts of money ____________ (spent) on the construction of the school last year.
②To solve the problem，we should economize on resources in order that ________________________.(环境保护)
为了解决这个问题，我们应该节约资源，以减少垃圾的数量。
③The money I earned during the summer holiday ________________________，which could help support my family.(2021·浙江6月卷)
暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
【用法小结】
·the amount of...……的数量
·“大量/少量的”表达：
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)
·amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
4.approach n.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近
【高考链接】 With the Mid-Autumn Festival approaching，I’d like to invite you to join us in celebrating it.(邀请信)
中秋节快到了，我想邀请你和我们一起过中秋节。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The figures of the chart show there are various approaches to ____________(learn) English beyond the classroom.(语言学习，2022·全国乙卷)
②As David ____________(approach) the finish line，all the runners cheered him on.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
③________________________，I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck，________________________.(2021·浙江6月卷)
一靠近房子，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，看上去很悲伤。
【用法小结】
·an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径
at the approach of
在快到……的时候
·be approaching
正在/将要接近
·approach sth/sb
接近某物/某人
5.eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n.渴望；热心
【高考链接】 Eventually，I am strongly eager to know which aspects of traditional Chinese culture arouse your curiosity most.(咨询信，2021·全国甲卷)
最后，我非常渴望知道中国传统文化的哪些方面最能激起你的好奇心。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①As soon as we came to the new city，we found ourselves eager ____________(have) a taste of local snacks.
②He ____________ (eager) wanted to give a special present to Grandma，but he was short of money.
③I looked at the poet straight in the eyes and wanted to ________________________.(心理描写)
我直视着诗人的眼睛，急切地想知道真相。
【用法小结】
·be eager to do sth
渴望做某事
be eager for sth
渴望得到某物
·with eagerness
热切地；急切地
hide one’s eagerness
掩饰某人的渴望
6.break away(from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；突然离开
【高考链接】 My father carefully cut the pumpkin open，so I finally had my head break away from it.(2021·浙江1月卷)
我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开，我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。
【当堂检测】 用break短语的适当形式填空/补全句子
①My dog suddenly ____________ me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.(动作链)
②Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to ____________ our marriage.
③The computer system suddenly ____________ while he was searching for information on the Internet.
④________________________，tears pouring down his cheeks.(神态描写)
听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪从脸颊流下来。
【用法小结】
break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；(关系等)破裂；放假
break down垮掉；出故障；失败；分解
break into破门而入；突然……起来
break in破门而入；打断；插话
break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发；发生
break through取得突破；克服
7.as well as同(一样也)；和；还
【高考链接】 It was your great efforts as well as your professional guidance that helped me make great progress.(感谢信)
是您的努力和专业的指导让我取得了很大的进步。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Americans are still texting while driving，as well as ____________(using) social networks and taking photos.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
②Tears welled up in her eyes，and her heart ________________________.(情感描写)
她泪如泉涌，心也要碎了。
③________________________________________________________________________at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.(告知信，2020·天津7月卷)
我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。
【用法小结】
·as well as“既……又……”，可连接两个平行结构。
·as well as连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
·as well“也；又；还”，常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用。
·may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事；不妨做某事
8.句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式
【教材原句】 So what is the difference between them，if any
如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
【高考链接】 Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off If so，write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.
你同意我推迟我们的云南之行吗？如果是这样，请尽快回信告诉我。
【当堂检测】 补全句子/同义句转换
①If it’s convenient for you，let’s meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate.____________________________________(邀请信)
如果你方便的话，我们早上8：30在校门外面见面。如果不方便，让我知道什么时候最适合你。
②If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
→____________，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
【用法小结】
if any(如果有的话)是一个省略句，相当于if (there is/are) any...。
if not如果不是这样的话
if so如果是这样的话
if ever如果曾经有的话
if necessary如果有必要的话
if possible如果可能的话
9.句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
【高考链接】 The twins prepared the breakfast with a card added on it，which said “Happy Mother’s Day”.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这对双胞胎准备了早餐，并在上面加了一张卡片，写着“母亲节快乐”。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①With too much work ____________(do)，I suffer from anxiety and can’t sleep well at night.
②With more and more forests ____________ (damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
③Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(心理描写)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，___________________________(with复合结构)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，_____________________________.(独立主格结构)
【用法小结】
with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为：
·with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)
·with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)
·with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)
·with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
参考答案
1.surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surroundings n.周围的事物；环境
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Surrounded (surround) by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small river flowing through the farm.(景点介绍，2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
②In a word，you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new surroundings (surround) soon.
③The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage.(环境保护)
垃圾污染的问题变得如此严重，世界上许多城市现在都被垃圾包围。
2.charge n.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We have enough confidence to charge you with abuse of power.
②I will be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.(咨询信，2021·全国甲卷)
我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
③Learning that the shop owner charged me nothing for the present，I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up within me.(情感描写)
得知店主没有收我买礼物的钱，我感到一股温暖和感激之情涌上心头。
3.amount n.金额；数量vi.总计，共计；相当于，等于
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①A large amount of money was spent (spend) on the construction of the school last year.
→Large amounts of money were spent (spent) on the construction of the school last year.
②To solve the problem，we should economize on resources in order that we can reduce the amount of garbage.(环境保护)
为了解决这个问题，我们应该节约资源，以减少垃圾的数量。
③The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300 dollars，which could help support my family.(2021·浙江6月卷)
暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
4.approach n.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The figures of the chart show there are various approaches to learning(learn) English beyond the classroom.(语言学习，2022·全国乙卷)
②As David approached(approach) the finish line，all the runners cheered him on.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
③Upon approaching the house，I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck，looking sad/depressed.(2021·浙江6月卷)
一靠近房子，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，看上去很悲伤。
5.eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n.渴望；热心
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①As soon as we came to the new city，we found ourselves eager to have(have) a taste of local snacks.
②He eagerly (eager) wanted to give a special present to Grandma，but he was short of money.
③I looked at the poet straight in the eyes and wanted to know the truth with eagerness.(心理描写)
我直视着诗人的眼睛，急切地想知道真相。
6.break away(from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；突然离开
【当堂检测】 用break短语的适当形式填空/补全句子
①My dog suddenly broke away from me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.(动作链)
②Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to break up our marriage.
③The computer system suddenly broke down while he was searching for information on the Internet.
④He broke down at the news，tears pouring down his cheeks.(神态描写)
听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪从脸颊流下来。
7.as well as同(一样也)；和；还
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Americans are still texting while driving，as well as using(using) social networks and taking photos.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
②Tears welled up in her eyes，and her heart seemed to be torn as well.(情感描写)
她泪如泉涌，心也要碎了。
③Our headteacher as well as five student representatives was invited to deliver a speech at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.(告知信，2020·天津7月卷)
我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。
8.句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式
【当堂检测】 补全句子/同义句转换
①If it’s convenient for you，let’s meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate.If not，let me know what time suits you best.(邀请信)
如果你方便的话，我们早上8：30在校门外面见面。如果不方便，让我知道什么时候最适合你。
②If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
→If necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
9.句型公式：with复合结构
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①With too much work to do(do)，I suffer from anxiety and can’t sleep well at night.
②With more and more forests damaged (damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
③Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(心理描写)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(with复合结构)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(独立主格结构)
核心要点突破（含答案）
1.surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surroundings n.周围的事物；环境
【高考链接】 It is wise to surround yourself with people who have a high level of self-discipline.(建议信)
交一些高度自律的朋友是明智的。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①____________ (surround) by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small river flowing through the farm.(景点介绍，2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
②In a word，you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new ____________ (surround) soon.
③The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world ________________________.(环境保护)
垃圾污染的问题变得如此严重，世界上许多城市现在都被垃圾包围。
【用法小结】
surround...with...
用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with...
被……包围
2.charge n.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲
【高考链接】 Last week we had a heated debate about whether citizens can access the Science Museum free of charge/for free.
上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We have enough confidence to charge you ____________ abuse of power.
②I will ____________________________________ designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.(咨询信，2021·全国甲卷)
我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
③Learning that the shop owner ________________________，I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up within me.(情感描写)
得知店主没有收我买礼物的钱，我感到一股温暖和感激之情涌上心头。
【用法小结】
·charge sb with (doing) sth＝accuse sb of (doing) sth指控某人犯……罪
charge sb (...) for sth
因某事/物向某人收费
·free of charge＝for free免费
in charge of掌管(表状态)
take charge of
掌管(表动作)
in the charge of
被……掌管；由……负责
3.amount n.金额；数量vi.总计，共计；相当于，等于
【高考链接】 A large amount of money raised in the charity sale has been donated to the local school.(活动介绍)
在慈善义卖中筹集的一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①A large amount of money ____________ (spend) on the construction of the school last year.
→Large amounts of money ____________ (spent) on the construction of the school last year.
②To solve the problem，we should economize on resources in order that ________________________.(环境保护)
为了解决这个问题，我们应该节约资源，以减少垃圾的数量。
③The money I earned during the summer holiday ________________________，which could help support my family.(2021·浙江6月卷)
暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
【用法小结】
·the amount of...……的数量
·“大量/少量的”表达：
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)
·amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
4.approach n.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近
【高考链接】 With the Mid-Autumn Festival approaching，I’d like to invite you to join us in celebrating it.(邀请信)
中秋节快到了，我想邀请你和我们一起过中秋节。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The figures of the chart show there are various approaches to ____________(learn) English beyond the classroom.(语言学习，2022·全国乙卷)
②As David ____________(approach) the finish line，all the runners cheered him on.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
③________________________，I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck，________________________.(2021·浙江6月卷)
一靠近房子，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，看上去很悲伤。
【用法小结】
·an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径
at the approach of
在快到……的时候
·be approaching
正在/将要接近
·approach sth/sb
接近某物/某人
5.eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n.渴望；热心
【高考链接】 Eventually，I am strongly eager to know which aspects of traditional Chinese culture arouse your curiosity most.(咨询信，2021·全国甲卷)
最后，我非常渴望知道中国传统文化的哪些方面最能激起你的好奇心。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①As soon as we came to the new city，we found ourselves eager ____________(have) a taste of local snacks.
②He ____________ (eager) wanted to give a special present to Grandma，but he was short of money.
③I looked at the poet straight in the eyes and wanted to ________________________.(心理描写)
我直视着诗人的眼睛，急切地想知道真相。
【用法小结】
·be eager to do sth
渴望做某事
be eager for sth
渴望得到某物
·with eagerness
热切地；急切地
hide one’s eagerness
掩饰某人的渴望
6.break away(from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；突然离开
【高考链接】 My father carefully cut the pumpkin open，so I finally had my head break away from it.(2021·浙江1月卷)
我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开，我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。
【当堂检测】 用break短语的适当形式填空/补全句子
①My dog suddenly ____________ me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.(动作链)
②Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to ____________ our marriage.
③The computer system suddenly ____________ while he was searching for information on the Internet.
④________________________，tears pouring down his cheeks.(神态描写)
听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪从脸颊流下来。
【用法小结】
break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；(关系等)破裂；放假
break down垮掉；出故障；失败；分解
break into破门而入；突然……起来
break in破门而入；打断；插话
break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发；发生
break through取得突破；克服
7.as well as同(一样也)；和；还
【高考链接】 It was your great efforts as well as your professional guidance that helped me make great progress.(感谢信)
是您的努力和专业的指导让我取得了很大的进步。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Americans are still texting while driving，as well as ____________(using) social networks and taking photos.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
②Tears welled up in her eyes，and her heart ________________________.(情感描写)
她泪如泉涌，心也要碎了。
③________________________________________________________________________at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.(告知信，2020·天津7月卷)
我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。
【用法小结】
·as well as“既……又……”，可连接两个平行结构。
·as well as连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
·as well“也；又；还”，常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用。
·may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事；不妨做某事
8.句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式
【教材原句】 So what is the difference between them，if any
如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
【高考链接】 Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off If so，write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.
你同意我推迟我们的云南之行吗？如果是这样，请尽快回信告诉我。
【当堂检测】 补全句子/同义句转换
①If it’s convenient for you，let’s meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate.____________________________________(邀请信)
如果你方便的话，我们早上8：30在校门外面见面。如果不方便，让我知道什么时候最适合你。
②If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
→____________，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
【用法小结】
if any(如果有的话)是一个省略句，相当于if (there is/are) any...。
if not如果不是这样的话
if so如果是这样的话
if ever如果曾经有的话
if necessary如果有必要的话
if possible如果可能的话
9.句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
【高考链接】 The twins prepared the breakfast with a card added on it，which said “Happy Mother’s Day”.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这对双胞胎准备了早餐，并在上面加了一张卡片，写着“母亲节快乐”。
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①With too much work ____________(do)，I suffer from anxiety and can’t sleep well at night.
②With more and more forests ____________ (damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
③Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(心理描写)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，___________________________(with复合结构)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，_____________________________.(独立主格结构)
【用法小结】
with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为：
·with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)
·with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)
·with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)
·with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
参考答案
1.surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surroundings n.周围的事物；环境
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Surrounded (surround) by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small river flowing through the farm.(景点介绍，2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
②In a word，you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new surroundings (surround) soon.
③The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage.(环境保护)
垃圾污染的问题变得如此严重，世界上许多城市现在都被垃圾包围。
2.charge n.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We have enough confidence to charge you with abuse of power.
②I will be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.(咨询信，2021·全国甲卷)
我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
③Learning that the shop owner charged me nothing for the present，I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up within me.(情感描写)
得知店主没有收我买礼物的钱，我感到一股温暖和感激之情涌上心头。
3.amount n.金额；数量vi.总计，共计；相当于，等于
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①A large amount of money was spent (spend) on the construction of the school last year.
→Large amounts of money were spent (spent) on the construction of the school last year.
②To solve the problem，we should economize on resources in order that we can reduce the amount of garbage.(环境保护)
为了解决这个问题，我们应该节约资源，以减少垃圾的数量。
③The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300 dollars，which could help support my family.(2021·浙江6月卷)
暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
4.approach n.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①The figures of the chart show there are various approaches to learning(learn) English beyond the classroom.(语言学习，2022·全国乙卷)
②As David approached(approach) the finish line，all the runners cheered him on.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
③Upon approaching the house，I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck，looking sad/depressed.(2021·浙江6月卷)
一靠近房子，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，看上去很悲伤。
5.eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n.渴望；热心
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①As soon as we came to the new city，we found ourselves eager to have(have) a taste of local snacks.
②He eagerly (eager) wanted to give a special present to Grandma，but he was short of money.
③I looked at the poet straight in the eyes and wanted to know the truth with eagerness.(心理描写)
我直视着诗人的眼睛，急切地想知道真相。
6.break away(from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；突然离开
【当堂检测】 用break短语的适当形式填空/补全句子
①My dog suddenly broke away from me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.(动作链)
②Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to break up our marriage.
③The computer system suddenly broke down while he was searching for information on the Internet.
④He broke down at the news，tears pouring down his cheeks.(神态描写)
听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪从脸颊流下来。
7.as well as同(一样也)；和；还
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Americans are still texting while driving，as well as using(using) social networks and taking photos.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
②Tears welled up in her eyes，and her heart seemed to be torn as well.(情感描写)
她泪如泉涌，心也要碎了。
③Our headteacher as well as five student representatives was invited to deliver a speech at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.(告知信，2020·天津7月卷)
我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。
8.句型公式：if条件状语从句的省略形式
【当堂检测】 补全句子/同义句转换
①If it’s convenient for you，let’s meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate.If not，let me know what time suits you best.(邀请信)
如果你方便的话，我们早上8：30在校门外面见面。如果不方便，让我知道什么时候最适合你。
②If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
→If necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
9.句型公式：with复合结构
【当堂检测】 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①With too much work to do(do)，I suffer from anxiety and can’t sleep well at night.
②With more and more forests damaged (damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
③Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(心理描写)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(with复合结构)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(独立主格结构)