宾语从句考点聚焦和精讲
【中考复合句考点聚焦】
掌握宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词的选择
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序。
1. 宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how等。
（1）that引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有陈述意义时，或是宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，用于陈述一件事，宾语从句用that引导，that无意义，不充当成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略，但在正式场合，特别是表示建议要求的从句，一般不省略。
1.The radio says (that) it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨。
2.3.Do you think (that) it will rain 你认为天会下雨吗
He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
（2）特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有特殊疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，应该用连接代词（what, which, who, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导。这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。
1.Could you tell me which gate we have to go to 请问我们得走哪个门
2.Could you tell me what he said to you 你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗？
3.He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
4.Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？
【注意】what引导宾语从句时有两种含义，一是“什么”，一是“……的东西/事情等”。
1.Can you tell me what we can do for you 请问我们能为你做点什么？(what意思为“什么”)
2.In one’s own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。(what意思为“……的事情”)
（3）if或whether引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有一般疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是一般疑问句转化而来的，引导词用if 或whether。if 或whether在句子中不充当成分，但有一定的意义，意为“是否”。if 或whether不可省略。
1.I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
2.I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei. 我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。
3.Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
【注意】一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下几种情况只能用whether：
① 在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if。
1.I want to know whether it’s good news or not. 我想知道是否是好消息。
2.They are talking about whether to go there or not. 他们正在谈论是否去那儿。
3.Can you tell me whether or not he will come to our party. 你能告诉我是否将要来参加我们的聚会。
② 宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether。
1.It depends on (取决于) whether it is going to rain. 这取决于是否会下雨。
2.It all depends on whether he has enough time. 这要看他是否有足够的时间。
3.His father is worried about whether he loses his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
③ 宾语是不定式时用whether。
1.I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
2.We really don’t know whether to go or to stay. 我们确实不知道是去还是留。
④ 有时为了强调，将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。
1.Whether the story is true or not, I don’t know yet. 故事是否属实，我还不知道。
2.Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem. 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
2. 宾语从句的时态
（1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时（包括一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时）或祈使句时，从句可根据意义需要选用任何一种时态。
1.He says that he is good at English. 他说他擅长英语。
2.He says that he has been ill for two days. 他说他已经病了两天了。
3.I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道是否他明天回来。
4.Xiaoming wants to know what time you got up this morning. 小明想知道今天早晨你是几点起床的。
5.Do you know what he was doing at 9 o’clock yesterday evening 你知道昨天晚上九点钟他在干什么吗？
（2）如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时（包括一般过去时，过去将来时，过去进行时，过去在完成时），从句要用相对应的过去的时态（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
We asked what Jean was doing then. 我们问Jean那时正在做什么。
（3）如果宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、现阶段存在的客观事实、现在经常性或习惯性的动作、谚语、格言等，不论主句用何种时态，从句一律用一般现在时。
1.He said that the sun rises in the east. 他说太阳从东方升起。
2.Polly said no news is good news. 波利说没有消息就是好消息。
3.He told me that his father is an English teacher. 他告诉我他父亲是一位英语老师。
4.The mother told his son that two and three is five. 母亲告诉她的儿子二加三等于五。
5.Lisa asked whether light travels/goes faster than sound. 莉萨问光的传播速度是否比声音快。
6.We all knew that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 我们都知道患难的朋友才是真正的朋友。
7.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 is Christmas Day. 老师昨天告诉我们十二月二十五日是圣诞节。
（4）如果宾语从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语，不论主句用什么时态，从句一律用过去时。
1.She said she came to work here in 1998. 她说她1998年来这儿工作。
2.The teacher told us that the war broke out in the winter of 1923. 老师告诉我们战争爆发于1923年冬天。
（5）情态动词could/would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。
1.Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is 你能告诉我最近的医院在哪儿吗？
2.Could you let me know when he will arrive here 你能让我知道他什么时候离开这儿吗？
3. 宾语从句的语序
（1）陈述句改为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is a good boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said (that) he was a good boy. 老师说他是一个好孩子。
（2）一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。
1.Does he work hard I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. 我想知道他是否努力工作。
2.Did you get home very late He asked me. →He asked me if I got home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。
3.When did he leave I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left. 我不知道他是什么时候离开的。
4.Where does your father work Can you tell us →Can you tell us where your father works 你能告诉我们你爸在哪里工作吗
【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，其语序则保持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语”。如：
1.He asked me what was wrong with me. 他问我我怎么啦？（what在从句中作主语）
2.Can you tell me what is the matter 你能告诉我出了什么事？（what在从句中作主语）
3.I don’t know who is the youngest of them. 我不知道他们中谁最小。（who在从句中作主语）
4. 宾语从句的否定转移
如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等表示心理活动的词时，如果宾语从句是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移到主句的谓语动词上，而将宾语从句变成肯定形式，即否定转移。否则，变否定句看从句。
1.I believe he will come.（变否定句）→I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
2.I think chicken can swim.（变否定句）→I don’t think chicken can swim. 我认为鸡不会游泳。
3.He knows where I live.（变否定句）→He doesn’t know where I live. 他不知道我住在什么地方。
5. 宾语从句变反意疑问句
（1）如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时，变反意疑问句时看从句，但要注意否定转移的情况。
1.I don’t think he can finish the work, can he 我认为他不能完成这项工作，是吗？
2.I don’t expect that she would come, would she 我想她不会来了，是吗？
3.I imagine that the students like her, don’t they 我认为学生们喜欢她，不是吗？
（2）如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。
1.He doesn’t know where I live, does he 他不知道我住在什么地方，是吗？
2.You think she is a good teacher, don’t you 你认为她是个好老师，不是吗？
3.Mary thinks you will come to the meeting, doesn’t she 玛丽认为你会来参加会议，不是吗？
（3）如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式。
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he 我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课，是不是
6. 宾语从句的复合结构
（1）在think, find, feel, consider, make, believe等接有复合宾语的动词之后，为了避免句子头重脚轻或关系模糊，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正作宾语的宾语从句放在宾语补足语之后，即用“及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句”结构。
I think it important that we should learn swimming well. 我认为我们应该学好游泳是很重要的。
（2）有些动词带宾语从句时要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词主要有：hate, take, owe, have, see to。
1.He will have it that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行。
2.I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
（3）若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替。
1.We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的。
2.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的。
7. 宾语从句的简化。
宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“疑问词+不定式”、复合宾语、动词不定式（名词、动名词、形容词或副词、过去分词）短语、名词和过去分词等。下面介绍几种常见的简化宾语从句的用法。
方法一：改为“动词+不定式短语”。当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise, forget, plan等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。
1.We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him. 我们决定，我们会帮助他。
2.Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon. 李明希望他会很快回来。
3.She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths. 她同意帮助我学数学。
方法二：改为“疑问词+不定式”。当主句谓语动词是ask, know, learn, remember, forget, tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
1.I don’t know what I should say.→I don’t know what to say. 我不知道要说什么。
2.She has forgotten how she can open the door.→ She has forgotten how to open the door. 他已忘记如何打开那扇门了。
【注意】当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, show, teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
Could you tell me how I can get to the station →Could you tell me how to get to the station 你能告诉我怎样去火车站吗？
方法三：改为“宾语+动名词形式/不定式/名词（作宾补）”。当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的动名词或不定式形式。
1.They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy. 他们发现这只箱子很重。
2.She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 她发现钱包躺在地上。
方法四：改为“不定式（短语）”。动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win. 男孩们似乎要赢了。
方法五：改为“名词或名词短语”。
1.I’ll take back what I said. → I’ll take back my words. 我将收回我的话。
2.Could you tell us how we can get to the museum → Could you tell us the way to the museum 你能告诉我如何去博物馆吗
3.The boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. 那男孩不知道他在何时何地出生。
→The boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth. 男孩不知道他出生的时间和地方
方法六：改为“动名词形式”。动词remember, forget后的宾语从句是现在完成时态时，可把宾语从句改成动名词作宾语，
1.I forget I have closed the window. → I forget closing the window. 我忘了我已经关过窗户了。
2.I remember that I have told her the truth. → I remember telling her the truth. 我记得我把真相告诉了她。
方法七：改为“过去分词或过去分词短语”。
1.The teacher found that the boy was very interested in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。
→The teacher found the boy very interested in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。
2.Soon they found that the ground was covered with thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。
→Soon they found the ground covered with thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。
8. 宾语从句和状语从句的区别
if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，从句时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。
1.---- I don’t know if he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。
2.---- He will come if it doesn’t rain. 如果不下雨，他会来的。
3.---- Do you know when he will come back tomorrow 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？
4.---- Sorry, I don’t know. When he comes back, I’ll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。
题组1填空题
1.Find out those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself honestly to the people around you.
答案 what 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处表示“找出那些东西是什么……”。“ those things are”为宾语从句,作find out的宾语,该从句中缺少表语,且设空处意为“什么”,故填what。
2.—Do you know the Smiths left Shanghai
—I’m not sure about the date. I only remember it was a Sunday.
答案 when 句意:——你知道史密斯一家什么时候离开上海的吗 ——我不确定日期。我只记得是个星期天。本题考查连接词。根据答句可知是时间,因此使用when。
3.—It’s said that the new highway has been completed.
—Yes,but we don’t know it’s to be opened to traffic soon.
答案 whether 句意:——据说新的公路已经竣工了。——是的,但是我们不知道是否很快就能通车。本题考查宾语从句的连接词。whether是否,符合句意。
题组2选择题
1．（2023·青海·统考中考真题）A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
A．whom B．whose C．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：最好的朋友是当你需要他或她时总是在那里的人。俗话说：“患难见真情。”
考查定语从句关系词。根据“a person ... is always there when you need him or her”可知此处是定语从句，先行词指人且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。
2．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—I want to know ________.
—Friendly and honest people.
A．when you will meet your friends
B．how you make your friends happy
C．where you spend weekends with friends
D．what kind of people you want to make friends with
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我想知道你想和什么样的人交朋友。——友好和诚实的人。
考查宾语从句。when you will meet your friends你什么时候去见你的朋友；how you make your friends happy你如何让你的朋友开心；where you spend weekends with friends你和朋友在哪里度过周末；what kind of people you want to make friends with你想和什么样的人交朋友。根据答语“Friendly and honest people.”可知，是描述人的性格，故选D。
3．（2023·山东青岛·统考中考真题）—Bob, could you tell me ________
—Of course. Every day.
A．when the teacher will come B．why you keep a diary
C．how long you slept last night D．how often you exercise
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——鲍勃，你能告诉我你多久锻炼一次吗？——当然可以。每一天。
考查宾语从句。when the teacher will come老师什么时候会来；why you keep a diary你为什么写日记；how long you slept last night你昨晚睡了多久；how often you exercise你多久锻炼一次。tell后缺少宾语，此处是宾语从句，根据“Every day”可知对频率提问，用“how often”。故选D。
4．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________
—It’s in the desert to the east of Cairo.
A．what the new capital of Egypt (埃及) is B．where the new capital of Egypt is
C．how big the new capital of Egypt is D．why Egypt is getting a new capital
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道埃及的新首都在哪里吗？——它在开罗东边的沙漠里。
考查宾语从句。根据“It’s in the desert to the east of Cairo.”可知此处询问埃及的新首都在哪里，用where引导宾语从句。故选B。
5．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）— Could you please tell me ________
— It’s on the second floor.
A．why you were late B．where the restroom is
C．when the shop opens D．how the weather will be tomorrow
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗？——在二楼。
考查宾语从句。why you were late你为什么迟到；where the restroom is洗手间在哪里；when the shop opens商店什么时候开门；how the weather will be tomorrow明天天气如何。根据“It’s on the second floor.”可知是问地点，应用where引导宾语从句，故选B。
6．（2023·辽宁锦州·统考中考真题）—Amy, I wonder ________ in the street when I come to pick you up.
—Well, there’s a big tree with lovely flowers by the front gate at the moment.
A．who I can go with B．how I can find your house
C．why I can’t take the bus D．when I should arrive at your house
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——艾米，我来接你的时候不知道怎么在街上找到你家。——嗯，现在大门口有一棵开着可爱花朵的大树。
考查宾语从句。who I can go with我可以和谁一起去；how I can find your house我怎么能找到你家；why I can’t take the bus为什么我不能坐公共汽车；when I should arrive at your house我应该什么时候到达你家。根据答语“Well, there’s a big tree with lovely flowers by the front gate at the moment.”可知，询问怎么能找到对方的家。故选B。
7．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—I wonder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B．how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C．who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D．who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我想知道你打算和谁一起过暑假。——我最好的朋友詹姆斯。
考查宾语从句。wonder后缺少宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AC；再由“My best friend James.”可知对人提问，用who引导宾语从句，排除B。故选D。
8．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）—Hi, Kate. I want to know ________.
—You can help to hand out some notices.
A．when School Day is B．who can come to School Day
C．why we hold School Day D．what I can do for School Day
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你好，凯特。我想知道我能为学校日做些什么。——你可以帮忙发一些通知。
考查宾语从句。when School Day is学校日是什么时候；who can come to School Day谁能来学校日；why we hold School Day我们为什么要举办学校日；what I can do for School Day我能为学校日做些什么。根据答语“You can help to hand out some notices.”可知，询问能为学校日做些什么。故选D。
9．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）— I wonder _______ this evening.
— What about the Sports Center It’s big and clean.
A．where we can play basketball B．when we can play basketball
C．when can we play basketball D．where can we play basketball
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我想知道今晚我们可以在哪里打篮球。——体育中心怎么样？它又大又干净。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除CD；再由“What about the Sports Center ”可知询问地点，用where引导宾语从句，排除B。故选A。
10．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—You know ________ In 12 hours!
— That’s crazy. How is it even possible
A．how soon we must finish the task B．how often we must finish the task
C．how soon must we finish the task D．how often must we finish the task
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道我们要多久完成任务吗？12小时内！——这太疯狂了。这怎么可能？
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，从句用陈述语序，排除C和D选项。根据“In 12 hours”可知，in+一段时间，要用how soon引导宾语从句，故选A。
11．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________
—By underground.
A．where is Shenyang Imperial Palace B．where Shenyang Imperial Palace is
C．how I can get to Shenyang Imperial Palace D．how can I get to Shenyang Imperial Palace
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我怎么去沈阳故宫吗？——乘地铁。
考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，根据“By underground.”可知询问出行方式，宾语从句引导词用how，排除AB；宾语从句用陈述语序，排除D。故选C。
12．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Do you know ___________
—It was introduced through the Silk Road.
A．why pepper was planted in China B．what pepper was used for in China
C．when pepper was discovered in China D．how pepper was introduced to China
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你知道胡椒是如何传入中国的吗？——它是通过丝绸之路传入的。
考查宾语从句。why pepper was planted in China为什么胡椒在中国种植；what pepper was used for in China在中国，胡椒是用来做什么的；when pepper was discovered in China胡椒是什么时候在中国发现的；how pepper was introduced to China胡椒是如何传入中国的。空处作know的宾语，所以是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，四个选项都符合；结合答语“It was introduced through the Silk Road.”可知，是询问传入方式的，所以用how引导宾语从句，故选D。
13．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）— Sandy, Dragon Boat Festival is coming. Could you tell me________
— Sure! You can buy some in Shihui Supermarket. It’s not far from here.
A．where I can buy some sweet zongzi B．who likes eating sweet zongzi
C．whether this kind of zongzi is sweet D．how you make sweet zongzi
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——桑迪，端午节快到了。你能告诉我在哪里可以买到甜粽子吗？——当然！你可以在十汇超市买一些。它离这里不远。
考查宾语从句。where I can buy some sweet zongzi哪里可以买到甜粽子；who likes eating sweet zongzi谁喜欢吃甜粽子；whether this kind of zongzi is sweet这种粽子是否甜；how you make sweet zongzi你怎样做甜粽子的。空处作tell的宾语 ，是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，选项语序都正确。根据“You can buy some in Shihui Supermarket. It’s not far from here.”可知，问句是问可以买到粽子的地方。故选A。
14．（2023·辽宁·统考中考真题）—I’ll visit the old people’s home this weekend, but I don’t know ________.
—You can ride a bike.
A．how I should go there B．who I should go with
C．when I should come back D．where I should stay
【答案】A
【详解】句意： ——这个周末我要去敬老院，但我不知道该怎么去。——你可以骑自行车。考查宾语从句。how I should go there我该怎么去那儿；who I should go with我该和谁一起去；when I should come back我什么时候回来；where I should stay我该待在哪里。根据“You can ride a bike.”可知，是指去敬老院的方式，应用how引导宾语从句，故选A。
15．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）—Alice, I wonder ________ you won the tug-of-war (拔河比赛) yesterday.
—Yeah! We pulled together and made it in the end.
A．what B．where C．whether
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，我想知道你昨天是否赢了拔河比赛。——是的。我们齐心协力，最终取得了胜利。
考查宾语从句关系词。what什么；where在哪里；whether是否。根据“wonder”可知，想知道对方是否赢了拔河比赛，应用whether引导宾语从句，故选C。
16．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved.
A．who B．that C．whom
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果我们怀着远大的梦想努力学习，没有什么是不能实现的。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是nothing，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。故选B。
17．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅游景点。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，“...was completed last year”是作定语修饰The Aerospace Square，所以是定语从句，先行词是物，空处在句中作主语，所以用关系词which引导。故选A。
18．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）—Next Sunday is my grandmother’s birthday. I’m thinking about ________.
—Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her.
A．what present I gave her B．how I can give her a surprise
C．if I had a party for her D．where will my family have a big meal
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——下星期日是我奶奶的生日。我在想怎么给她一个惊喜。 ———好孩子！请代我向她问好。
考查宾语从句。根据“Next Sunday is my grandmother’s birthday.”和“I’m thinking about …”可知，本题的时态为一般将来时或一般现在时，选项A和C是一般过去时，因此时态不对，排除；选项D的语序不对，应该用陈述句的语序；选项B为陈述句语序且符合时态。故选B。
19．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）— Excuse me, could you tell me ________
— You can take the No. 28 bus there. It’s about 20 minutes’ ride.
A．how far Huaxing Middle School is
B．how can I get to Huaxing Middle School
C．how long it takes to get to Huaxing Middle School
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我华兴中学有多远吗？——你可以在那里乘28路公共汽车。大约20分钟的车程。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B选项；根据“It’s about 20 minutes’ ride.”可知是问距离的远近，A选项符合，故选A。
20．（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________
—In Education Bookshop near the school.
A．where you bought the map
B．where did you buy the map
C．where could you buy the map
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你在哪里买的地图吗？——在学校附近的教育书店。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语，排除BC选项。故选A。
21．（2023·广西·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—At 7 o’clock in the evening.
A．when the concert will start
B．where we can buy concert tickets
C．who will sing songs at the concert
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我音乐会什么时候开始吗？——晚上7点。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“At 7 o’clock in the evening.”可知，询问时间，故选A。
22．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）—Safety is very important to all of us.
—I agree. We students should learn ________ ourselves in the daily life.
A．where to hold B．what to visit C．how to protect D．why to help
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——安全对我们所有人来说都非常重要。——我同意。我们学生应该学会如何在日常生活中保护自己。
考查疑问词+动词不定式。where to hold在哪里举行；what to visit参观什么；how to protect如何保护；why to help为什么帮忙。根据“ourselves in the daily life”可知此处应是指在日常生活中保护自己，应用动词protect表示“保护”。故选C。
23．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）—I want to know ________.
—Maybe in the classroom.
A．when will we buy them B．why they will like to go there
C．where will you go to work D．where we will have the singing training
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我想知道我们将在哪里进行歌唱训练。——也许在教室里。
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和C选项。根据答语“Maybe in the classroom”可知，应是询问地点，用where引导宾语从句，故选D。
24．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）—Would you please tell me ________
—By keeping a diary every day.
A．why you want to study English
B．who you often speak English with
C．how you improve your English writing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你是如何提高你的英语写作的吗？——通过每天写日记。
考查宾语从句。why you want to study English你为什么想学英语；who you often speak English with你经常和谁说英语；how you improve your English writing你是如何提高你的英语写作的。根据“By keeping a diary every day.”可知是询问提高英语写作的方式。故选C。
25．（2023·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）—What did the shopkeeper say to you
—She asked me _______.
A．when did the shop close B．if I preferred that T-shirt
C．what else I will buy D．where did I see the style
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——店主对你说了什么？——她问我是否更喜欢那件t恤。
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句，需用“陈述语序”，可排除AD选项；主句是一般过去时，从句也要用相应的过去时态，故选B。
26．（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ get something to eat
—Sure. There’s a restaurant down the street.
A．what I can B．what can I C．where can I D．where I can
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我在哪里可以吃点东西吗？——当然。街那头有一家餐馆。
考查where引导的宾语从句。what I can我可以什么；what can I错误表达，从句应用陈述语序；where can I错误表达，从句应用陈述语序；where I can我可以在哪里。根据“There’s a restaurant down the street.”和“tell me”可知，此处想知道可以吃饭的地方在哪里，应用where来引导宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序。故选D。
27．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________
—I think watching cooking videos is a good way.
A．how did you cook well B．how can you cook well C．how you can cook well
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你是如何做好烹饪的吗？——我认为看做饭视频是一个好的方式。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句语序，故排除AB。故选C。
题组2语篇填空
However, several studies have shown a serious problem: today s teenagers lack media literacy(媒体素养). In other words, they have difficulty critically thinking about the information they see. One study 1 was done on middle school students showed that more than 80 percent of them couldn t tell the difference between real stories and ads that looked like news.
Stanford professor Kevin John teaches a class called Media Effects. He tries to help his students learn media literacy. The professor gave an example that shows 2 media literacy is important. In the example, two news stations report a snowstorm. One focuses on(关注) the terrible road conditions. The other focuses on kids playing in the snow. “With a news story, news stations tell you 3 they feel are the important details(细节). These details mostly depend on the opinions of the news director,” said John. “A person 4 has media literacy would realize 5 each story is about one side at this time. There is more going on.”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1.that/which 此处引导定语从句,修饰先行词One study,在从句中作主语。
2.why 此处引导宾语从句,在从句中作状语,表原因。
3.what 此处引导宾语从句,在从句中作宾语。
4.who 先行词是person,所以用who引导定语从句,在从句中作主语。
5.that 此处引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分。
1宾语从句考点聚焦和精讲
【中考复合句考点聚焦】
掌握宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词的选择
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序。
1. 宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how等。
（1）that引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有陈述意义时，或是宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，用于陈述一件事，宾语从句用that引导，that无意义，不充当成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略，但在正式场合，特别是表示建议要求的从句，一般不省略。
1.The radio says it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨。
2.3.Do you think it will rain 你认为天会下雨吗
He said he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
（2）特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有特殊疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，应该用连接代词（what, which, who, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导。这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。
1.Could you tell me gate we have to go to 请问我们得走哪个门
2.Could you tell me he said to you 你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗？
3.He didn’t tell me he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
4.Could you tell me you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？
【注意】what引导宾语从句时有两种含义，一是“什么”，一是“……的东西/事情等”。
1.Can you tell me we can do for you 请问我们能为你做点什么？(what意思为“什么”)
2.In one’s own home one can do one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。(what意思为“……的事情”)
（3）if或whether引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有一般疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是一般疑问句转化而来的，引导词用if 或whether。if 或whether在句子中不充当成分，但有一定的意义，意为“是否”。if 或whether不可省略。
1.I don’t care you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
2.I wonder you have told the news to Li Lei. 我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。
3.Let us know you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
【注意】一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下几种情况只能用whether：
① 在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if。
1.I want to know it’s good news or not. 我想知道是否是好消息。
2.They are talking about to go there or not. 他们正在谈论是否去那儿。
3.Can you tell me or not he will come to our party. 你能告诉我是否将要来参加我们的聚会。
② 宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether。
1.It depends on (取决于) it is going to rain. 这取决于是否会下雨。
2.It all depends on he has enough time. 这要看他是否有足够的时间。
3.His father is worried about he loses his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
③ 宾语是不定式时用whether。
1.I can’t decide to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
2.We really don’t know to go or to stay. 我们确实不知道是去还是留。
④ 有时为了强调，将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。
1. the story is true or not, I don’t know yet. 故事是否属实，我还不知道。
2. they can finish the work on time is still a problem. 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
2. 宾语从句的时态
（1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时（包括一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时）或祈使句时，从句可根据意义需要选用任何一种时态。
1.He says that he good at English. 他说他擅长英语。
2.He says that he been ill for two days. 他说他已经病了两天了。
3.I don’t know if he come tomorrow. 我不知道是否他明天回来。
4.Xiaoming wants to know what time you up this morning. 小明想知道今天早晨你是几点起床的。
5.Do you know what he doing at 9 o’clock yesterday evening 你知道昨天晚上九点钟他在干什么吗？
（2）如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时（包括一般过去时，过去将来时，过去进行时，过去在完成时），从句要用相对应的过去的时态（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
We asked what Jean doing then. 我们问Jean那时正在做什么。
（3）如果宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、现阶段存在的客观事实、现在经常性或习惯性的动作、谚语、格言等，不论主句用何种时态，从句一律用一般现在时。
1.He said that the sun in the east. 他说太阳从东方升起。
2.Polly said no news good news. 波利说没有消息就是好消息。
3.He told me that his father an English teacher. 他告诉我他父亲是一位英语老师。
4.The mother told his son that two and three five. 母亲告诉她的儿子二加三等于五。
5.Lisa asked whether light faster than sound. 莉萨问光的传播速度是否比声音快。
6.We all knew that a friend in need a friend indeed. 我们都知道患难的朋友才是真正的朋友。
7.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. 老师昨天告诉我们十二月二十五日是圣诞节。
（4）如果宾语从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语，不论主句用什么时态，从句一律用过去时。
1.She said she to work here in 1998. 她说她1998年来这儿工作。
2.The teacher told us that the war out in the winter of 1923. 老师告诉我们战争爆发于1923年冬天。
（5）情态动词could/would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。
1.Could you tell me where the nearest hospital 你能告诉我最近的医院在哪儿吗？
2.Could you let me know when he here 你能让我知道他什么时候离开这儿吗？
3. 宾语从句的语序
（1）陈述句改为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is a good boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said (that) he a good boy. 老师说他是一个好孩子。
（2）一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。
1.Does he work hard I wonder. →I wonder if/whether hard. 我想知道他是否努力工作。
2.Did you get home very late He asked me. →He asked me if home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。
3.When did he leave I don’t know. →I don’t know when . 我不知道他是什么时候离开的。
4.Where does your father work Can you tell us →Can you tell us where 你能告诉我们你爸在哪里工作吗
【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，其语序则保持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语”。如：
1.He asked me . 他问我我怎么啦？（what在从句中作主语）
2.Can you tell me 你能告诉我出了什么事？（what在从句中作主语）
3.I don’t know . 我不知道他们中谁最小。（who在从句中作主语）
4. 宾语从句的否定转移
如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等表示心理活动的词时，如果宾语从句是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移到主句的谓语动词上，而将宾语从句变成肯定形式，即否定转移。否则，变否定句看从句。
1.I believe he will come.（变否定句）→I he will come. 我相信他不会来。
2.I think chicken can swim.（变否定句）→I chicken can swim. 我认为鸡不会游泳。
3.He knows where I live.（变否定句）→He where I live. 他不知道我住在什么地方。
5. 宾语从句变反意疑问句
（1）如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时，变反意疑问句时看从句，但要注意否定转移的情况。
1.I don’t think he can finish the work, he 我认为他不能完成这项工作，是吗？
2.I don’t expect that she would come, she 我想她不会来了，是吗？
3.I imagine that the students like her, they 我认为学生们喜欢她，不是吗？
（2）如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。
1.He doesn’t know where I live, he 他不知道我住在什么地方，是吗？
2.You think she is a good teacher, you 你认为她是个好老师，不是吗？
3.Mary thinks you will come to the meeting, she 玛丽认为你会来参加会议，不是吗？
（3）如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式。
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, he 我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课，是不是
6. 宾语从句的复合结构
（1）在think, find, feel, consider, make, believe等接有复合宾语的动词之后，为了避免句子头重脚轻或关系模糊，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正作宾语的宾语从句放在宾语补足语之后，即用“及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句”结构。
I that we should learn swimming well. 我认为我们应该学好游泳是很重要的。
（2）有些动词带宾语从句时要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词主要有：hate, take, owe, have, see to。
1.He will have that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行。
2.I hate when they say with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
（3）若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替。
1.We all consider . 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的。
2.We discovered to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的。
7. 宾语从句的简化。
宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“疑问词+不定式”、复合宾语、动词不定式（名词、动名词、形容词或副词、过去分词）短语、名词和过去分词等。下面介绍几种常见的简化宾语从句的用法。
方法一：改为“动词+不定式短语”。当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise, forget, plan等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。
1.We decided that we would help him. →We decided him. 我们决定，我们会帮助他。
2.Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes very soon. 李明希望他会很快回来。
3.She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed me with my maths. 她同意帮助我学数学。
方法二：改为“疑问词+不定式”。当主句谓语动词是ask, know, learn, remember, forget, tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
1.I don’t know what I should say.→I don’t know . 我不知道要说什么。
2.She has forgotten how she can open the door.→ She has forgotten the door. 他已忘记如何打开那扇门了。
【注意】当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, show, teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
Could you tell me how I can get to the station →Could you tell me to the station 你能告诉我怎样去火车站吗？
方法三：改为“宾语+动名词形式/不定式/名词（作宾补）”。当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的动名词或不定式形式。
1.They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very . 他们发现这只箱子很重。
2.She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet on the ground. 她发现钱包躺在地上。
方法四：改为“不定式（短语）”。动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed . 男孩们似乎要赢了。
方法五：改为“名词或名词短语”。
1.I’ll take back what I said. → I’ll take back . 我将收回我的话。
2.Could you tell us how we can get to the museum → Could you tell us the museum 你能告诉我如何去博物馆吗
3.The boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. 那男孩不知道他在何时何地出生。
→The boy doesn’t know . 男孩不知道他出生的时间和地方
方法六：改为“动名词形式”。动词remember, forget后的宾语从句是现在完成时态时，可把宾语从句改成动名词作宾语，
1.I forget I have closed the window. → I forget the window. 我忘了我已经关过窗户了。
2.I remember that I have told her the truth. → I remember her the truth. 我记得我把真相告诉了她。
方法七：改为“过去分词或过去分词短语”。
1.The teacher found that the boy was very interested in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。
→The teacher found the boy very maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。
2.Soon they found that the ground was covered with thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。
→Soon they found the ground thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。
8. 宾语从句和状语从句的区别
if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，从句时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。
1.---- I don’t know if he come. 我不知道他是否会来。
2.---- He will come if it rain. 如果不下雨，他会来的。
3.---- Do you know when he come back tomorrow 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？
4.---- Sorry, I don’t know. When he back, I’ll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。
题组1填空题
1.Find out those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself honestly to the people around you.
2.—Do you know the Smiths left Shanghai
—I’m not sure about the date. I only remember it was a Sunday.
3.—It’s said that the new highway has been completed.
—Yes,but we don’t know it’s to be opened to traffic soon.
题组2选择题
1．（2023·青海·统考中考真题）A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
A．whom B．whose C．who
2．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—I want to know ________.
—Friendly and honest people.
A．when you will meet your friends
B．how you make your friends happy
C．where you spend weekends with friends
D．what kind of people you want to make friends with
3．（2023·山东青岛·统考中考真题）—Bob, could you tell me ________
—Of course. Every day.
A．when the teacher will come B．why you keep a diary
C．how long you slept last night D．how often you exercise
4．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________
—It’s in the desert to the east of Cairo.
A．what the new capital of Egypt (埃及) is B．where the new capital of Egypt is
C．how big the new capital of Egypt is D．why Egypt is getting a new capital
5．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）— Could you please tell me ________
— It’s on the second floor.
A．why you were late B．where the restroom is
C．when the shop opens D．how the weather will be tomorrow
6．（2023·辽宁锦州·统考中考真题）—Amy, I wonder ________ in the street when I come to pick you up.
—Well, there’s a big tree with lovely flowers by the front gate at the moment.
A．who I can go with B．how I can find your house
C．why I can’t take the bus D．when I should arrive at your house
7．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—I wonder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B．how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C．who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D．who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
8．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）—Hi, Kate. I want to know ________.
—You can help to hand out some notices.
A．when School Day is B．who can come to School Day
C．why we hold School Day D．what I can do for School Day
9．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）— I wonder _______ this evening.
— What about the Sports Center It’s big and clean.
A．where we can play basketball B．when we can play basketball
C．when can we play basketball D．where can we play basketball
10．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—You know ________ In 12 hours!
— That’s crazy. How is it even possible
A．how soon we must finish the task B．how often we must finish the task
C．how soon must we finish the task D．how often must we finish the task
11．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________
—By underground.
A．where is Shenyang Imperial Palace B．where Shenyang Imperial Palace is
C．how I can get to Shenyang Imperial Palace D．how can I get to Shenyang Imperial Palace
12．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Do you know ___________
—It was introduced through the Silk Road.
A．why pepper was planted in China B．what pepper was used for in China
C．when pepper was discovered in China D．how pepper was introduced to China
13．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）— Sandy, Dragon Boat Festival is coming. Could you tell me________
— Sure! You can buy some in Shihui Supermarket. It’s not far from here.
A．where I can buy some sweet zongzi B．who likes eating sweet zongzi
C．whether this kind of zongzi is sweet D．how you make sweet zongzi
14．（2023·辽宁·统考中考真题）—I’ll visit the old people’s home this weekend, but I don’t know ________.
—You can ride a bike.
A．how I should go there B．who I should go with
C．when I should come back D．where I should stay
15．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）—Alice, I wonder ________ you won the tug-of-war (拔河比赛) yesterday.
—Yeah! We pulled together and made it in the end.
A．what B．where C．whether
16．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved.
A．who B．that C．whom
17．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
18．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）—Next Sunday is my grandmother’s birthday. I’m thinking about ________.
—Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her.
A．what present I gave her B．how I can give her a surprise
C．if I had a party for her D．where will my family have a big meal
19．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）— Excuse me, could you tell me ________
— You can take the No. 28 bus there. It’s about 20 minutes’ ride.
A．how far Huaxing Middle School is
B．how can I get to Huaxing Middle School
C．how long it takes to get to Huaxing Middle School
20．（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________
—In Education Bookshop near the school.
A．where you bought the map
B．where did you buy the map
C．where could you buy the map
21．（2023·广西·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—At 7 o’clock in the evening.
A．when the concert will start
B．where we can buy concert tickets
C．who will sing songs at the concert
22．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）—Safety is very important to all of us.
—I agree. We students should learn ________ ourselves in the daily life.
A．where to hold B．what to visit C．how to protect D．why to help
23．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）—I want to know ________.
—Maybe in the classroom.
A．when will we buy them B．why they will like to go there
C．where will you go to work D．where we will have the singing training
24．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）—Would you please tell me ________
—By keeping a diary every day.
A．why you want to study English
B．who you often speak English with
C．how you improve your English writing
25．（2023·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）—What did the shopkeeper say to you
—She asked me _______.
A．when did the shop close B．if I preferred that T-shirt
C．what else I will buy D．where did I see the style
26．（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ get something to eat
—Sure. There’s a restaurant down the street.
A．what I can B．what can I C．where can I D．where I can
27．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________
—I think watching cooking videos is a good way.
A．how did you cook well B．how can you cook well C．how you can cook well
题组2语篇填空
However, several studies have shown a serious problem: today s teenagers lack media literacy(媒体素养). In other words, they have difficulty critically thinking about the information they see. One study 1 was done on middle school students showed that more than 80 percent of them couldn t tell the difference between real stories and ads that looked like news.
Stanford professor Kevin John teaches a class called Media Effects. He tries to help his students learn media literacy. The professor gave an example that shows 2 media literacy is important. In the example, two news stations report a snowstorm. One focuses on(关注) the terrible road conditions. The other focuses on kids playing in the snow. “With a news story, news stations tell you 3 they feel are the important details(细节). These details mostly depend on the opinions of the news director,” said John. “A person 4 has media literacy would realize 5 each story is about one side at this time. There is more going on.”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1
