山东省部分市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语汇编：语法填空（含解析）

山东省部分市
2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
语法填空
山东省聊城市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据教材内容补全下面短文，在答题卡相应位置填入一个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。
Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun. Summer s____41____ the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. During autumn, these same mountains are gold, and in winter they are covered in s____42____ of white frost. These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people. R____43____ as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom to the very top.
So why did these people go ____44____ so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces Firstly, building the terraces meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice. Secondly, the ____45____ terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in ____46____ with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that ____47____ with each other. During the rainy season, it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. The sun heats the water ____48____ turns it into vapour. This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.
Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for ____49____ traditions hold much value. Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder c_____50_____ by people and nature working together.
山东省泰安市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scholars are exploring and using the wisdom of one of China’s leading neo-Confucian (新儒家) philosophers. Wang Yangming (1472-1529) 36 (develop) the “Philosophy of Mind” stressing understanding the world from within the mind. His famous doctrine (学说) of the “unity of knowing and acting” states that knowledge is the 37 (begin) of action, while action is the completion of knowledge.
The authorities of Shaoxing city, Zhejiang, 38 Wang spent most of his lifetime, have managed to use academic (学术) 39 (exchange) to promote Wang’s philosophy while examining its practical effect 40 modern society.
In 2020, the city held the Conference on Wang Yangming Mind Philosophy. Over the past three years, the annual event has become 41 platform for scholars from around the world 42 (share) their views on the Philosophy of Mind.
“Wang’s Philosophy of Mind 43 (exist) for more than 500 years,” said Ding Wei, vice-chairman of the International Confucian Association, “Despite rapid social development, our desire to improve 44 (us) and to build a better future remains constant. That’s 45 we are still studying it.”
山东省临沂市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题
第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is famous for its 5000-year-long civilization____32____ has never been stopped. Among all the factors contributing to this is the Chinese writing system.
In the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language mostly____33____ (carve) on animal bones and shells. By 1046 BCE, it had become a well-developed writing system. Over the centuries, it developed into different forms as people ____34____ (divide) geographically, leading to many verities of different dialects and characters. However, this changed when Emperor Qin Shihuang united different ____35____(country) into the whole country.
Since then, the unified written Chinese ____36____ (serve) as a role in uniting Chinese people and ___37___ (they) culture. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the ____38____ (develop) of Chinese characters, an art form known ____39____ Calligraphy. Today, as China plays a ____40____ (great) role in global affairs than ever before, _____41_____ increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末教学质量检测英语试题
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications (防御工事) built along an east-to-west line across the historical northern borders of China.
In 221 BC, Emperor Qin Shihuang ___36___ (order) the walls of the Qin, Zhao and Yan kingdoms in the north to be joined after he united China. The new wall stretched (延伸) from Lintao to Liaodong, with a total ___37___ (long) of over 20, 000 li.
With the rise of the Tang Dynasty, the Great Wall lost ___38___ (important) as a fortification. During the Song Dynasty, the Chinese ___39___ (force) to withdraw (撤退) under threat from the Liao and Jin peoples in the north, ___40___ took over many areas on both sides of the Great Wall. The powerful Yuan Dynasty ___41___ (establish) by Genghis Khan finally controlled all of China.
The Great Wall became again a military fortification for Mongolians. It was during the Ming Dynasty that the Wall took on ___42___ (it) present form. At that time, it stretched some 6, 300 kilometers from the Yalujiang River in the east to Jiayuguan Pass in the west, and is known ___43___ the Ten Thousand Li Wall.
Today, the Great Wall is ___44___ (general) recognized as one of the most impressive ___45___ (wonder) in the world. It is the only man-made structure that is visible from space.
山东省济南市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末学习质量检测英语试题
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Peru is a country on the central western coast of South America facing the Pacific Ocean. It is made up ____36____ three parts: narrow, dry, flatland. Here ____37____ (be) two magical tours in Peru: Amazon Rainforest Tour and Machu Picchu Tour. You can first take a short flight into the Amazon rainforest and then spend a few days ____38____ (explore) the unique rainforest with a local guide. In the other tour, you will be ____39____ (especial) amazed by the Incas’ dry stone method of building.
B
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is known to the world that one of the most deadly ____40____ (earthquake) of the 20th century happened in Tangshan, China in 1976. After the earthquake, the city was completely destroyed and then completely rebuilt. Today, ____41____ new Tangshan has been built upon the earthquake ruins, ____42____ has become a symbol of the Chinese spirit of never giving up.
C
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
____43____ (save) Xizang antelopes from extinction, the Chinese government placed them under national protection.With the ____44____ (effect) measures, Xizang antelopes were removed from the endangered species list in 2015. People should also realize our planet needs variety to survive. ____45____ is important that all species—the good, the bad, and the ugly—should be treated equally.
答案：
山东省聊城市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据教材内容补全下面短文，在答题卡相应位置填入一个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。
Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun. Summer s____41____ the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. During autumn, these same mountains are gold, and in winter they are covered in s____42____ of white frost. These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people. R____43____ as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom to the very top.
So why did these people go ____44____ so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces Firstly, building the terraces meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice. Secondly, the ____45____ terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in ____46____ with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that ____47____ with each other. During the rainy season, it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. The sun heats the water ____48____ turns it into vapour. This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.
Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for ____49____ traditions hold much value. Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder c_____50_____ by people and nature working together.
【答案】41. sees##ees
42. sheets##heets
43. Reaching##eaching
44. to 45. flat
46. harmony
47. connect
48. and 49. whom
50. created##reated
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观——龙脊梯田，包括其美丽的景观、建造的历史和原因、发挥的作用、设计的巧妙，以及对当地人的重要意义。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合主语“Summer”和首字母提示可推知，动词see“目睹，见证”符合题意，表示夏天见证了这样的变化，且此处描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语为Summer，see需用第三人称单数形式。故填sees。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：秋收，满山黄金，而隆冬，它们又披上了冰霜做成的雪白毛毯。分析句子可知，空处作介词in的宾语，结合“are covered in”和首字母提示可推知，名词sheet“一大片”符合题意，表示大片的冰霜，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词sheet应用复数形式。故填sheets。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：目之所及，梯田包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。分析句子可知，空处作句子的主语，结合“as far as the eye can see”和首字母提示可推知，动词reach“达到，延伸”的动名词形式符合题意，表示目之所及，且空处位于句首，reaching的首字母需大写。故填Reaching。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：为什么当地人要如此大费周章，把整片山区变成梯田呢？根据“go”和“so much trouble to”可推知，此处用动词短语go to trouble to do sth.表示“费尽周折做某事”。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其次，水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤被冲走。分析句子可知，空处作修饰terraces的定语，结合“catch the rainwater”可推知，形容词flat“水平的，平的”符合题意，表示水平的梯田。故填flat。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：但也许最令人惊叹的还是人们与自然和谐相处建造梯田和种植水稻的方式。分析句子可知，空处作介词in的宾语，结合“with nature”可推知，名词harmony“和谐”符合题意，固定短语in harmony with表示“与……和谐相处”。故填harmony。
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：梯田设计巧妙，其间有数百条相互连接的水渠。分析句子可知，空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，先行词为hundreds of waterways，在从句中作主语，结合“with each other”可推知，动词connect“连接”符合题意，表示水渠相互连接，且此处描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语为复数，connect应保持原形。故填connect。
【48题详解】
考查连词。句意：水分经太阳蒸发成水蒸气，水蒸气形成云。分析句子可知，空处连接前后两个谓语成分，两者之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：尽管现代技术可以帮助提高农作物产量，但这些梯田对珍视传统的当地人来说仍然意义重大。分析句子可知，空处和空前的for构成“介词+关系代词”的结构，引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the local people，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom作引导词。故填whom。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，龙脊梯田吸引了成千上万的游客前来欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。分析句子可知，空处作修饰wonder的后置定语，是非谓语动词，结合“by people and nature working together”和首字母提示可推知，动词create“创造”符合题意，表示由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观，且create和wonder之间是被动关系，应用create的过去分词形式。故填created。
山东省泰安市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
36．developed 37．beginning 38．where 39．exchanges 40．on 41．a 42．to share 43．has existed 44．ourselves 45．why
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学者们正在探索和运用中国新儒家哲学家王阳明的“心灵哲学”
36．考查动词的时态。句意：王阳明(1472-1529)发展了“心灵哲学”，强调从心灵内部理解世界。根据本句的主语Wang Yangming(1472-1529)可知，本句的时态为一般过去时，所以空格处应该用动词的过去式。故填developed。
37．考查动名词。句意：他著名的“知行合一”学说指出，知识是行动的开始，而行动是知识的完成。根据空格前的the可知，此处用提示词的动名词形式beginning作表语，表示“开端、开始”，故填beginning。
38．考查定语从句。句意：浙江绍兴市当局，王的大部分时间都在那里度过，设法利用学术交流来推广王的哲学，同时研究其对现代社会的实际影响。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，代替先行词Zhejiang在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where来引导。故填where。
39．考查名词。句意同上。根据空格前的形容词academic可知，形容词应该修饰名词，所以此处用提示词的名词形式exchange作宾语，再分析句意，此处exchange是可数名词，此处为泛指，用复数形式。故填exchanges。
40．考查介词。句意同上。根据空格前的effect可知，此处用介词on与之搭配表示“对……的影响”故。填on。
41．考查冠词。句意：在过去的三年里，一年一度的活动已经成为来自世界各地的学者分享他们对心灵哲学的看法的平台。分析句意可知，此处泛指“一个”交流看法的平台，且platform发音以辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。
42．考查动词不定式。句意同上。此处为不定式复合结构作定语。故填to share。
43．考查动词的时态。句意：“王的心学思想已经存在了500多年，”国际儒家协会副主席丁伟说，“尽管社会快速发展，但我们提高自我、建设更美好未来的愿望始终如一。这就是为什么我们仍在研究它。”根据空格后的“for more than 500 years(500多年了)”可知，本句的时态用现在完成时表示动作的持续，又因为主语是第三人称单数，所以用has+动词的过去分词。故填has existed。
44．考查反身代词。句意同上。根据主语our desire可知，此处是指提高“我们自己”，所以用提示词的反身代词作宾语。故填ourselves。
45．考查表语从句。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是表语从句，且从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为什么”用why来引导。故填why。
山东省临沂市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题
【答案】32. which##that
33. carved 34. were divided
35. countries
36. has served##has been serving
37. their 38. development
39. as 40. greater
41. an
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国的文字系统在发展历史和作用。
【32题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国以其5000年的文明而闻名，这一文明从未停止过。先行词为5000-year-long civilization，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为which或者that。故填which/that。
【33题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：起初，书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言，主要刻在动物的骨头和贝壳上。language与carve在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填carved。
【34题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：几个世纪以来，随着人们在地理上的划分，它发展成不同的形式，导致了许多不同方言和文字的真实性。主语people与谓语divide为被动关系，根据上文的“developed”可知，本句为一般过去时被动语态。故填were divided。
【35题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：然而，当秦始皇将不同的国家统一为一个国家时，这种情况发生了变化。表示多个国家，用country的复数作宾语。故填countries。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：从那时起，统一的书面汉语在团结中国人民和他们的文化方面发挥了作用。根据“Since then”可知，本句为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。故填has served/has been serving。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：从那时起，统一的书面汉语在团结中国人民和他们的文化方面发挥了作用。形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：对中国书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字的发展中看出，这是一种被称为书法的艺术形式。in the development of“在……发展过程中”为固定短语。故填development。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：对中国书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字的发展中看出，这是一种被称为书法的艺术形式。be known as“作为……而出名”符合句意。故填as。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥着比以往任何时候都更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。根据“than”可知，用形容词比较级greater。故填greater。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥着比以往任何时候都更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。固定短语：an increasing number of “越来越多的……”。故填an。
山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】36. ordered
37. length 38. importance
39. were forced
40. who 41. established
42. its 43. as
44. generally
45. wonders
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。中国的长城是一系列沿东西线修建的防御工事，横跨中国历史上的北部边界。文章主要介绍了长城的建筑历史及意义。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：公元前221年，秦始皇统一中国后，下令将北方的秦、赵、燕三国城墙连在一起。由In 221 BC可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填ordered。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：新城从临洮一直延伸到辽东，全长二十余万里。此处应用名词length作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填length。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着唐朝的崛起，长城失去了作为防御工事的重要性。此处应用名词importance作宾语，不可数，故填importance。
【39题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：宋朝时期，中国人在北方辽族和金族的威胁下被迫撤军，辽族和金族占领了长城两侧的许多地区。此处在主句中作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，且主语the Chinese和动词force(强迫)是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用were，故填were forced。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：宋朝时期，中国人在北方辽族和金族的威胁下被迫撤军，辽族和金族占领了长城两侧的许多地区。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Liao and Jin peoples，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故填who。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：成吉思汗建立的强大的元朝最终控制了整个中国。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰Yuan Dynasty，且动词establish和Yuan Dynasty是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填established。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：长城在明朝时期形成了现在的形式。此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，故填its。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：当时，它东起鸭绿江，西至嘉峪关，全长六、三百公里，史称万里长城。be known as固定搭配，意为“作为……而有名”，故填as。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：今天，长城被普遍认为是世界上最令人印象深刻的奇迹之一。此处应用副词generally作状语，修饰动词recognized，故填generally。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：今天，长城被普遍认为是世界上最令人印象深刻的奇迹之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，故填wonders。
山东省济南市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末学习质量检测英语试题
【答案】36. of 37. are
38. exploring
39. especially
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了秘鲁的地理位置和旅游景点。
【36题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：它由三部分组成：狭窄、干燥、平坦。be made up of固定搭配，意为“由……组成”，故填of。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这里有秘鲁的两个神奇之旅：亚马逊雨林之旅和马丘比丘之旅。here位于句首，句子用全部倒装，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是two magical tours，为复数，be动词应用are，故填are。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以先乘坐短途航班进入亚马逊雨林，然后花几天时间与当地导游一起探索独特的雨林。spend+时间+(in) doing sth.固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故填exploring。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：在另一趟旅程中，你将特别惊叹于印加人的干石建筑法。此处应用副词especially作状语，修饰amazed，故填especially。
【答案】40. earthquakes
41. a 42. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。1976年中国唐山发生了20世纪最致命的地震之一，如今，新唐山在地震废墟上拔地而起，成为永不放弃的中国精神的象征。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：众所周知，1976年中国唐山发生了20世纪最致命的地震之一。one of+可数名词复数，故填earthquakes。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如今，新唐山在地震废墟上拔地而起，成为永不放弃的中国精神的象征。此处泛指一个新唐山，应用不定冠词来修饰，且new发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如今，新唐山在地震废墟上拔地而起，成为永不放弃的中国精神的象征。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Tangshan ，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导定语从句，故填which。
【答案】43. To save
44. effective
45. It
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了保护西藏羚羊免遭灭绝，并强调了保护物种多样性的重要性。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：为了拯救西藏羚羊免遭灭绝，中国政府将它们置于国家保护之下。动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了保护”，空格位于句首，故填To save。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在采取有效措施的情况下，西藏羚羊于2015年被从濒危物种名单中删除。需填入effect的形容词作定语修饰measures，需要的词义为“有效的”，即effective，故填effective。
【45题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：重要是，所有物种——好的、坏的和丑陋的——都应该得到平等对待。此处为固定句型“It is+形容词+that...”，其中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，空格位于句首，故填It。
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