10 高考语法填空抢分热点之数词
一、考点精讲
数词包括基数词和序数词。常考点：
1. 基数词变序数词。nine（基数词）——ninth（序数词）；twelve（基数词）——twelfth（序数词）。例如：（1）We organized a lot of activities to celebrate our school’s fiftieth birthday last month. （上个月我们组织了很多活动来庆祝我们学校的五十岁生日。）（2）Liu Yang became the first Chinese woman in space on June 16, 2012.（2012年6月16日，刘洋成为首位进入太空的中国女性。） （3）This is the sixth time for our school to hold the robot-making contest.（这是我们学校第六次举办机器人制作大赛。）
2. 整10的基数词和序数词（20—90）：
把整10的基数词的最后一个字母y变成i再加eth，则变成序数词。twenty（20）—twentieth；thirty（30）—thirtieth；forty；fifty；sixty；seventy；eighty；ninety。
3. the+序数词，表示“第几”；a/an+序数词，表示“又一，再一”。
4. 倍数的表达方法：倍数的表达方法：
（1）A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B。例如：The rope is three times as long as that one.（这条绳子是那条绳子的三倍。）
（2）A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B。例如：The street is twice wider than that one.（这条街是那条街的两倍宽。）
（3）A+be+倍数+the size/length/width/depth/height of B。例如：The building is fourth the height of that one.（这座楼是那座楼的四倍高。）
5. 与数词有关的固定用法：
（1）at the age of+基数词，表示“在......岁时”。例如：at the age of 18（在18岁的时候）。
（2）scores of“几十，许多”，后跟名词复数。例如：scores of men doctors（
很多男性医生）。
（3）dozens of“几十，许多”，后跟名词复数。例如：dozens of children（许多孩子）。
（4）in one’s +整10的基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十几岁时”。例如：in her forties（在她四十几岁时）。
（5）in the +整10的基数词的复数形式，表示“在多少世纪多少年代”。例如：in the 1990s（在二十世纪九十年代）。
（6）分数的表达方法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过1时，分母用复数形式。例如：三分之二（two-seconds）；quarter“一刻钟，四分之一”，所以“四分之三”可以表示为（three-fourths/three quarters）。
（7）表示“几分之几或百分之几”的人或物时，须在分数或百分数和人或物之间加of。若充当主语，谓语动词的数须和介词of后的名词保持一致。
（8）hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）；这4个名词前有具体数或several/some/many修饰时则用单数。例如：two hundred boys（二百个男孩）；这4个名词后有介词of短语时怎用复数。例如：millions of“成千上万的，无数的”。
二、高考题经典解读
1. ___1___ (cover) an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Part, the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country.
【答案】the
【解析】考查倍数的用法。句意：GPNP占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为第一批国家公园之一。倍数的表达方法：倍数+the size/length/width...+of。故答案为the。
2. Two-fifths of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass.
【答案】is
【解析】考查数词和主谓一致。句意：那个地区五分之二的土地被树木和草地覆盖着。此处是数词作主语，谓语动词与介词of后面的名词land保持一致，land是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故答案为is。
三、实战演练
1. World Environment Day is on the _______ (five) of June.
【答案】fifth
【解析】考查序数词。句意：6月5日是世界环境日。根据空前的the可知，这里表示“顺序”，应该用序数词表示“第几”，five的序数词是fifth。故答案为fifth。
2. We’ll have a surprise party for my mother’s ________ (forty) birthday next Saturday.
【答案】fortieth
【解析】考查序数词。句意：下周六我们将为我母亲的四十岁生日举行一个惊喜聚会。空前虽然没有定冠词the，但是有名词所有格形式my mother’s，所以这里表示“第四个”生日，用序数词表示顺序，forty的序数词是fortieth。故答案为fortieth。
3. He Jiong became famous as a host in China in his ___________ (20).
【答案】twenties
【解析】考查基数词的固定用法。句意：何炅在20多岁时成为中国著名主持人。固定搭配：in ones +整10的基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十几岁时”。故答案为twenties。
4. You’d better go home to see your parents ______________________(two) a week. They need more care.
【答案】twice
【解析】考查固定用法。句意：你最好每周回家看你父母两次。他们需要更多的照顾。twice意为“两次，两倍”，twice a week“一周两次”。故答案为twice。
5. About ______ （ ）of the workers in the steel workers are young people.
【答案】three-fourths
【解析】考查分数的表达。句意：钢铁工人中大约四分之三的工人是年轻人。分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子超过1时，分母用复数形式。故答案为three-fourths。
四、优秀模拟试卷之语法填空精选
（一）
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms (节气). Awakening of Insects（惊蛰）____1___（fall） on Mar 6 and ends on Mar 20 this year.
Awakening of Insects signals a rise in temperature and increased rain fall. As the ____2___ （three）solar term in the lunar year, ____3____ （it）name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened ____4___ spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. It is the key time for spring agricultural _____5___（activity）. It is also a good time for people to enjoy fun outdoors, especially for people living in the city. ____6____ （drive）to the suburbs, fishing in a lake or enjoying the singing bird will make for a perfect weekend in spring. The most popular fruit in this season is pears.
Eating pears around the Awakening of Insects_____7____（be）a widely-practiced custom in China. As the weather gets ____8__ （warm）and the air becomes drier, people tend to feel their mouths and tongues are dry, ____9___ can cause colds or coughs. A pear is sweet , juicy and cold, moistening（湿润）the lungs to arrest a cough. _____10___,pears are highly recommended during the Awakening of Insects.
【答案】
1. falls 2. third 3. its 4. by 5. activities
6. Driving 7. is 8. warmer 9. which 10. Therefore/Thus
【解析】
1. falls 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：今年惊蛰是3月6日，3月20日结束。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且主语是单数第三人称Awakening of Insects，所以谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为falls。
2. third 考查序数词。句意：作为农历年的第三个节气，它的名字暗示了在冬天睡觉的动物被春雷唤醒，地球开始恢复生机。根据空前的the可知，此处用three的序数词third。故答案为third。
3. its 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：作为农历年的第三个节气，它的名字暗示了在冬天睡觉的动物被春雷唤醒，地球开始恢复生机。空后name是名词，由形容词性物主代词修饰。故答案为its。
4. by 考查介词。句意：作为农历年的第三个节气，它的名字暗示了在冬天睡觉的动物被春雷唤醒，地球开始恢复生机。根据空前 are awakened可知，谓语部分是被动语态，空后是动作执行者。故答案为by。
5. activities考查名词复数。句意：这是春季农业活动的关键时期。所给词activity是可数名词，此处指“春季的农业活动”，所以要用名词复数。故答案为activities。
6. Driving 考查动名词。句意：开车去郊区，在湖里钓鱼，或欣赏鸟儿的歌唱，都是春天完美的周末。句中will make是谓语动词，所给动词drive应是非谓语动词，和 fishing in a lake or enjoying构成句子的并列主语，所以设空处用动名词且首字母大写。故答案为Driving。
7. is 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：在中国，惊蛰前后吃梨是一种普遍的习俗。这里在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，此处是动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为is。
8. warmer 考查形容词比较级。句意：随着天气变暖，空气变得闷热，人们容易感到嘴巴和舌头干燥，这可能导致感冒或咳嗽。根据and后面的 drier可知，and前的分句也用比较级。故答案为warmer。
9. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：随着天气变暖，空气变得闷热，人们容易感到嘴巴和舌头干燥，这可能导致感冒或咳嗽。前面整个句子作先行词，后面用which引导非限制性定语从句，且关系代词which在从句中作主语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故答案为which。
10. Therefore/Thus 考查副词。句意：因此，在惊蛰期间，人们强烈推荐吃梨。前后是因果关系，所以用表原因的副词therefore或thus。故答案为Therefore/Thus。
（二）
Laziness is a mental resistance to do anything and a situation where you are away from the ___1___(value) part of life by being idle（无事可做的）.Most of the people become lazy because they do not have the clear vision in life. They simply waste their time and energy in the process of ___2___ (avoid) the work and that in turn makes them remain underachiever throughout the life. That is ___3___ you have to overcame your laziness if you want to be outstanding in life.
Most of the people generally get stuck into laziness due to lack ___4____ motivation. There is no better way to ____5___ (inspire) than the action. If you do not want to take action, then force ____6___ (you) to act at initial stage. If you purposefully try to act instead of killing your time, it will become your ___7___ (two) nature, and laziness will be the thing of the past.
Finally, if you have a burning desire ____8___(achieve) your goal, you will find a way to do it. So, push yourself to attack a ___9____ (big) goal than you have been willing to pursue until now. Always keep in mind: Unless you do it, you will not know whether or not you can. So take action right now to overcome laziness and have ____10___ rich and varied life.
【答案】
1. valuable 2. avoiding 3. why 4. of 5. be inspired
6.yourself 7. second 8. to achieve 9. bigger 10. a
【解析】
1. valuable 考查形容词。句意：懒惰是一种对做任何事情的精神抗拒，是一种你因为无所事事而远离生活中有价值的部分的情况。空后part是名词，由形容词来修饰，所给词value的形容词是valuable“有价值的”，在句中作定语。故答案为valuable。
2. avoiding 考查动名词。句意：他们只是在逃避工作的过程中浪费了时间和精力，这反过来又使他们一生都表现不佳。介词of后面用动名词作宾语，avoid的动名词是avoiding。故答案为avoiding。
3. why 考查why引导的表语从句。句意：这就是为什么如果你想在生活中脱颖而出，你必须克服你的懒惰。此处是连接副词why引导的表语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故答案为why。
4. of 考查介词。句意：大多数人由于缺乏动力而陷入懒惰。固定搭配：a lack of，意为“缺乏，缺少”。故答案为of。
5. be inspired 考查不定式的被动式。句意：没有什么比行动更能激发你的灵感了。名词way 后用不定式作后置定语，people和inspire之间是被动关系，是不定式的一般式的被动式作后置定语，即to be done结构，to已经给出。故答案为be inspired。
6. yourself 考查反身代词。句意：如果你不想采取行动，那就在最初阶段强迫自己采取行动。固定搭配：force sb. to do sth.，意为“强迫某人做某事”，此处指强迫“自己”采取行动，所以用反身代词，you的反身代词是yourself。故答案为yourself。
7. second 考查序数词。句意：如果你有意识地去行动，而不是浪费时间，时间就会成为你的第二天性，懒惰就会成为过去。此处指“第二”本性，所以要用基数词two的序数词second。故答案为second。
8. to achieve 考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，如果你有实现目标的强烈愿望，你会找到实现它的方法。句中desire是名词，意为“欲望，愿望”，后面用动词不定作后置定语。故答案为to achieve。
9. bigger 考查形容词比较级。句意：所以，强迫自己去追求一个比你现在愿意追求的更大的目标。根据空后than可知，此处用形容词比较级。故答案为bigger。
10. a 考查不定冠词。句意：所以现在就行动起来，克服懒惰，拥有丰富多彩的生活。固定搭配：have/live a...life“过着一种......的生活”，此处泛指“一种”生活。故答案为a。
（三）
The International Olympic Committee took the extraordinary step on Tuesday of ___1___（put）off the 2020 Tokyo Games，which ___2___ （schedule）to start on July 24，because of the Coronavirus outbreak．
Just how extraordinary was the step？This marks only the ___3___（four）time since the first modern Olympics in 1896 that the Games have been affected ___4___outside forces．The other three occasions were cancellations（取消）during the first and second World Wars．So this is the first time the Olympics have been put off，rather than ___5___（cancel）．
"The Tokyo Olympics will still be held，" Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told reporters in Tokyo after a call with International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach on ___6___matter．
The IOC later said in a ___7___（state）that the Games will be "rescheduled to a date beyond 2020 but not ___8___ （late） than 2021!" This time around，it's a pandemic（疫情），not a war，___9___ is changing the Olympics schedule．The IOC said that "The leaders agreed that the Olympic Games in Tokyo could stand as a beacon（灯塔）of hope to the world during these times and that the Olympic flame could become the light at the end of the tunnel in which the world finds ___10___（it）at present．"
【答案】
1. putting 2. were scheduled 3. fourth 4. by 5. canceled/cancelled
6.the 7. statement 8. later 9. that 10. itself
【解析】
1.putting 考查动名词。句意：由于冠状病毒的爆发，国际奥委会周二采取了非常措施，推迟原定于7月24日开幕的2020年东京奥运会。空前of是介词，做介词的宾语要用动名词，put的动名词是putting。故答案为putting。
2.were scheduled 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：由于冠状病毒的爆发，国际奥委会周二采取了非常措施，推迟原定于7月24日开幕的2020年东京奥运会。the 2020 Tokyo Games是先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，由which替代，和从句的谓语动词schedule之间是被动关系，从句在描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态的被动语态；主语which指代先行词 the 2020 Tokyo Games，是复数形式，被动语态中的be动词用were。故答案为were scheduled。
3.fourth 考查序数词。句意：这是自1896年第一届现代奥运会以来，奥运会第四次受到外部力量的影响。空前有the，所以用序数词作定语，four的序数词是fourth。故答案为fourth。
4.by 考查介词。句意：这是自1896年第一届现代奥运会以来，奥运会第四次受到外部力量的影响。根据have been affected可知，句子是被动语态，表示动作的执行者，所以用介词by。故答案为by。
5.canceled/cancelled 考查过去分词。句意：另外三次是在第一次和第二次世界大战期间取消的。和前面的have been put off构成并列关系，rather than后面省略了have been，cancel和put off一样，用过去分词，表示“被取消”。故答案为canceled/cancelled。
6.the 考查冠词。句意：日本首相安倍晋三在东京与国际奥委会主席巴赫就此事通电话后对记者说。此处“特指”前面提到的奥运会推迟的事情，所以用定冠词。故答案为the。
7.statement 考查名词的数。句意：国际奥委会后来在一份声明中说，奥运会将"重新安排到2020年以后，但不迟于2021年！"前面有不定冠词a，所以用单数名词，所给词state是动词，意为“陈述，声明”，其名词是statement。故填statement。
8.later 考查比较级。句意：国际奥委会后来在一份声明中说，奥运会将"重新安排到2020年以后，但不迟于2021年！"。后面有than，所以用比较级。故答案为later。
9.that 考查强调句型。句意：这一次，改变奥运日程的是一场流行病，而不是一场战争。强调句型：it is+被强调部分+that+其他，如果强调部分指人，也可用who代替that；此处强调了句子主语a pandemic（疫情），not a war。故答案为that。
10.itself 考查反身代词。句意：与会领导人一致认为，在这段时间里，东京奥运会可以成为世界希望的灯塔，奥运圣火可以成为世界目前所处隧道尽头的光芒。此处指the world 本身，所以用反身代词作宾语。故答案为itself。10 高考语法填空抢分热点之数词
一、考点精讲
数词包括基数词和序数词。常考点：
1. 基数词变序数词。nine（基数词）——ninth（序数词）；twelve（基数词）——twelfth（序数词）。例如：（1）We organized a lot of activities to celebrate our school’s fiftieth birthday last month. （上个月我们组织了很多活动来庆祝我们学校的五十岁生日。）（2）Liu Yang became the first Chinese woman in space on June 16, 2012.（2012年6月16日，刘洋成为首位进入太空的中国女性。） （3）This is the sixth time for our school to hold the robot-making contest.（这是我们学校第六次举办机器人制作大赛。）
2. 整10的基数词和序数词（20—90）：
把整10的基数词的最后一个字母y变成i再加eth，则变成序数词。twenty（20）—twentieth；thirty（30）—thirtieth；forty；fifty；sixty；seventy；eighty；ninety。
3. the+序数词，表示“第几”；a/an+序数词，表示“又一，再一”。
4. 倍数的表达方法：倍数的表达方法：
（1）A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B。例如：The rope is three times as long as that one.（这条绳子是那条绳子的三倍。）
（2）A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B。例如：The street is twice wider than that one.（这条街是那条街的两倍宽。）
（3）A+be+倍数+the size/length/width/depth/height of B。例如：The building is fourth the height of that one.（这座楼是那座楼的四倍高。）
5. 与数词有关的固定用法：
（1）at the age of+基数词，表示“在......岁时”。例如：at the age of 18（在18岁的时候）。
（2）scores of“几十，许多”，后跟名词复数。例如：scores of men doctors（
很多男性医生）。
（3）dozens of“几十，许多”，后跟名词复数。例如：dozens of children（许多孩子）。
（4）in one’s +整10的基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十几岁时”。例如：in her forties（在她四十几岁时）。
（5）in the +整10的基数词的复数形式，表示“在多少世纪多少年代”。例如：in the 1990s（在二十世纪九十年代）。
（6）分数的表达方法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过1时，分母用复数形式。例如：三分之二（two-seconds）；quarter“一刻钟，四分之一”，所以“四分之三”可以表示为（three-fourths/three quarters）。
（7）表示“几分之几或百分之几”的人或物时，须在分数或百分数和人或物之间加of。若充当主语，谓语动词的数须和介词of后的名词保持一致。
（8）hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）；这4个名词前有具体数或several/some/many修饰时则用单数。例如：two hundred boys（二百个男孩）；这4个名词后有介词of短语时怎用复数。例如：millions of“成千上万的，无数的”。
二、高考题经典解读
1. ___1___ (cover) an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Part, the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country.
2. Two-fifths of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass.
三、实战演练
1. World Environment Day is on the _______ (five) of June.
2. We’ll have a surprise party for my mother’s ________ (forty) birthday next Saturday.
3. He Jiong became famous as a host in China in his ___________ (20).
4. You’d better go home to see your parents ______________________(two) a week. They need more care.
5. About ______ （ ）of the workers in the steel workers are young people.
四、优秀模拟试卷之语法填空精选
（一）
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms (节气). Awakening of Insects（惊蛰）____1___（fall） on Mar 6 and ends on Mar 20 this year.
Awakening of Insects signals a rise in temperature and increased rain fall. As the ____2___ （three）solar term in the lunar year, ____3____ （it）name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened ____4___ spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. It is the key time for spring agricultural _____5___（activity）. It is also a good time for people to enjoy fun outdoors, especially for people living in the city. ____6____ （drive）to the suburbs, fishing in a lake or enjoying the singing bird will make for a perfect weekend in spring. The most popular fruit in this season is pears.
Eating pears around the Awakening of Insects_____7____（be）a widely-practiced custom in China. As the weather gets ____8__ （warm）and the air becomes drier, people tend to feel their mouths and tongues are dry, ____9___ can cause colds or coughs. A pear is sweet , juicy and cold, moistening（湿润）the lungs to arrest a cough. _____10___,pears are highly recommended during the Awakening of Insects.
（二）
Laziness is a mental resistance to do anything and a situation where you are away from the ___1___(value) part of life by being idle（无事可做的）.Most of the people become lazy because they do not have the clear vision in life. They simply waste their time and energy in the process of ___2___ (avoid) the work and that in turn makes them remain underachiever throughout the life. That is ___3___ you have to overcame your laziness if you want to be outstanding in life.
Most of the people generally get stuck into laziness due to lack ___4____ motivation. There is no better way to ____5___ (inspire) than the action. If you do not want to take action, then force ____6___ (you) to act at initial stage. If you purposefully try to act instead of killing your time, it will become your ___7___ (two) nature, and laziness will be the thing of the past.
Finally, if you have a burning desire ____8___(achieve) your goal, you will find a way to do it. So, push yourself to attack a ___9____ (big) goal than you have been willing to pursue until now. Always keep in mind: Unless you do it, you will not know whether or not you can. So take action right now to overcome laziness and have ____10___ rich and varied life.
（三）
The International Olympic Committee took the extraordinary step on Tuesday of ___1___（put）off the 2020 Tokyo Games，which ___2___ （schedule）to start on July 24，because of the Coronavirus outbreak．
Just how extraordinary was the step？This marks only the ___3___（four）time since the first modern Olympics in 1896 that the Games have been affected ___4___outside forces．The other three occasions were cancellations（取消）during the first and second World Wars．So this is the first time the Olympics have been put off，rather than ___5___（cancel）．
"The Tokyo Olympics will still be held，" Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told reporters in Tokyo after a call with International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach on ___6___matter．
The IOC later said in a ___7___（state）that the Games will be "rescheduled to a date beyond 2020 but not ___8___ （late） than 2021!" This time around，it's a pandemic（疫情），not a war，___9___ is changing the Olympics schedule．The IOC said that "The leaders agreed that the Olympic Games in Tokyo could stand as a beacon（灯塔）of hope to the world during these times and that the Olympic flame could become the light at the end of the tunnel in which the world finds ___10___（it）at present．"
