2024年广东中考英语主题语篇专题训练-主题十一 自然生态与宇宙探索（含解析）

2024年广东中考英语主题语篇专题训练
主题十一 自然生态与宇宙探索
一、语法选择
Have you ever wondered what it takes to be an astronaut In October,2022, the astronaut Scott _1_ his fantastic experiences in space with some kids.
Scott was accepted into the astronaut training program _2_ 1996. Then he learned to fly a space plane.“I worked really hard on it,”he said about _3_ training. He took part in four space _4_from 1999 to 2016. His first task was a repair trip. On his second trip, he was the task leader. In 2011, he finished his third task. He _5_ to set off on a 340-day task by the Space Engineering Office. It was a five-month stay on the International Space Station. It would become one of _6_ trips in space.
The main purpose was to study what the human body would be like after _7_ long space flight(飞行). Scott went to space. His brother, Mark, stayed on Earth. Then scientists were able to compare them, _8_ they are twins and have the same DNA. There's still a lot to learn about the effects of space flights on the body. And there's always work to be done in space.
For those kids who want _9_ astronauts, Scott has some advice.“Choose something that you like,”he says,“because _10_ you like it, you'll do better at it.”
( )1. A. shares B. will share C. shared
( )2. A. in B. at C. on
( )3. A. he B. his C. him
( )4. A. task B. tasks' C. tasks
( )5. A. chose B. is chosen C. was chosen
( )6. A. longer B. the longest C. long
( )7. A. a B. an C. the
( )8. A. because B. so C. but
( )9. A. become B. to become C. becoming
( )10. A. although B. unless C. if
二、完形填空
Chen Dong, a great astronaut, has become the first Chinese to stay in space for more than 200 _1_. This is the first time Chen has explored(探索) into space, following his first stay in Tiangong-2, in 2016.“Chen is always trying to _2_ mistakes and does everything perfectly,”said Jing Haipeng, one of his team members. Chen was born in 1978 in Henan Province. To be a qualified(合格的) astronaut, he had been trained _3_ for years. And finally in May, 2010, he _4_ China's astronaut team.
As the _5_ of the group, Chen has led the team of Shenzhou-14 to complete many tasks. For example, they had three spacewalks, did some experiments(实验) and even gave a science class like teachers to all the students. By the end of 2022, the Chinese space station had been fully _6_ . All the Chinese waited so long to see this _7_ moment.
“ Building China's space station is always the _8_ of all Chinese people,” Chen said.“We are so _9_ to see that the space home is completed in our hands. We will make good use of our space station to _10_ more sci-tech experiments, so as to get more achievements to serve the world.”
( )1. A. weeks B. days C. months D. years
( )2. A. avoid B. hide C. make D. repeat
( )3. A. comfortably B. quietly C. strictly D. excitedly
( )4. A. built B. joined C. supported D. left
( )5. A. member B. learner C. traveler D. leader
( )6. A. seen B. completed C. covered D. found
( )7. A. important B. difficult C. dangerous D. common
()8. A. invention B. discovery C. dream D. experience
( )9. A. lucky B. tired C. sad D. popular
( )10. A. look out B. carry out C. take out D. get out
三、阅读理解
A
Sign Up for the One-day Harbin Panda Keeper Program Pandas are fascinating animals. Do you want to spend your time volunteering to protect them If your answer is“yes”, you can sign up for the one-day Harbin Panda Keeper Program. Departure(出发): daily Price: from Harbin, $ 279 per person Duration(持续时间): 10 hours Tour type: private tour Note: There is a daily quota(限额) of 60 volunteers for the Panda Keeper Program. Timetable: 7:00 am: Our guide and driver pick you up from your hotel in Harbin. 8:30 am-11:30 am: Arrive at Harbin Base and begin your tour. The activities may include cleaning pandas’ homes, feeding pandas, and making panda cakes. 11:30 am-2:00 pm: Have lunch and then watch a panda movie. 2:00 pm-3:30 pm:Continue the program in the afternoon. 3:30 pm-4:00 pm: The program finishes and then you go back to your hotel in Harbin. 5:30 pm: Arrive at your hotel in Harbin. For more information, please visit the website: www..
( )1. How many volunteers can work for the one-day Harbin Panda Keeper Program everyday
A. At most 60. B. At least 60. C. About 80. D. About 100.
( )2. When are the volunteers watching a panda movie
A. At 9:00 am. B. At 11:00 am. C. At 1:00 pm. D. At 3:00 pm.
( )3. At Harbin Base, the volunteers do some activities EXCEPT ________.
A. feeding pandas B. planting bamboo
C. making panda cakes D. cleaning pandas’ homes
( )4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. You don't need to pay for the tour at Harbin Base.
B. You need to spend two days working for the Panda Keeper Program.
C. We can know about the working time and different activities at Harbin Base.
D. For more information, we can call Harbin Base.
( )5. Where can we most probably read the passage
A. In a movie poster. B. In a newspaper. C. In a novel. D. In a sports magazine.
B
In 1969, man landed on the moon for the first time. Since then, no man has set foot on the moon. But now NASA(美国航空航天局) is planning to send astronauts back to the moon again. This time, astronaut s will be wearing a new high-tech spacesuit(宇航服) made by space technology company Axiom.
The spacesuit is beautiful with the color of black and orange, which will stand out on the moon's surface. The helmet(头盔) is much larger than before, providing astronaut s with a wider view. There's also a video camera that can send videos from the moon back to Earth. The shoes of the suit are also better insulated from the moon's cold surface.
Astronauts in the past often found their suits to be large and heavy, making it hard to move. Having learned from a long history of spacesuits, this new suit can help astronaut s walk, raise their arms and move their fingers more easily.
Also, unlike spacesuits of the past, this one has been designed for women as well, with different sizes. Spacewalks on the international space station had to be canceled for women in the past because of bad-fitting suits.
The head of NASA, Bill Nelson, said the new spacesuits will provide more chances for more people to explore the moon and do scientific studies on it than ever before. The plan to send astronauts back to the moon will be carried out soon.
( )6. How long has it been since man landed on the moon last time
A. More than 50 years. B. Less than 50 years.
C. About 40 years. D. At least 60 years.
( )7. What does the underlined word“insulated”in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Changed. B. Separated. C. Provided. D. Received.
( )8. Why did astronauts in the past find it hard to move
A. Because they were too old.
B. Because there is no air in space.
C. Because they carried many things with them.
D. Because their spacesuits were large and heavy.
( )9. How has the new spacesuit been designed to fit women
A. It has been designed with different sizes.
B. It has been designed with comfortable shoes.
C. It has been designed with the color of black and orange.
D. It has been designed with a video camera on the helmet.
( )10. Which can be the best title for the passage
A. New Spacesuits Are Designed for Women
B. Man Landed on the Moon for the First Time
C. New Spacesuits Help Man Return to the Moon
D. People Have More Chances to Explore the Moon
C
配对阅读。上面是对五个人喜爱的户外运动的介绍，下面是七种天气的相关信息。请将五种运动与适当的天气匹配。
( )11. David loves skiing. Skiing on the Alps(阿尔卑斯山) in Switzerland is his dream. He's going to achieve this dream in the coming Christmas holiday.
( )12. Jenny is a six-year-old girl. She likes to fly kites with her father on the grass in spring. It's really fun.
( )13. Jack is a cyclist in Hong Kong. He practices riding his bike with his teammates almost every day, except when there is a storm. He loves riding his bike, especially on cool autumn days.
( )14. Mary is on the school swimming team. Summer is her favorite season because she can swim in the cool water to keep off the heat.
( )15. Kate works in New York. She is often stressed out, but running helps her to relax. She thinks running in the drizzle(毛毛雨) is the best. After running, she takes a shower and feels better.
Summer vacation is coming. It will be sunny and hot these days. It's the best time for swimming.
A cold snap(寒潮) started sweeping over central China on Saturday and will continue moving east over the next three days, bringing an end to the recent fog.
Heavy storms this week mean that skiers will enjoy lots of snow in Swiss Alps resorts(度假胜 地) this Christmas, changing the piste(滑雪 道) conditions from good to excellent.
The temperature has risen and it will be sunny and windy this weekend. Such weather is great for outdoor activities, such as bike riding and flying kites, after a long period time of rainy days in March.
A typhoon(台风) is near Hong Kong this weekend. And it will bring some cool wind and rainstorms in this hot summer.
Autumn lasts from October to December in Hong Kong, which is cool and comfortable, known as the best season of Hong Kong. During this season, the weather is neither too hot nor too cold.
G. It is cloudy with drizzle in New York. It won't be too hot or too cold.
四、短文填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空， 使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词， 每词仅用一次， 有两词为多余项。
meet we area again educate by cut modern hundred almost road but
Over the last ten years, Dulongjiang Town, Gongshan county of Yunnan Province has seen great changes. Dulongjiang used to be one of the poorest areas in China, 1._ now the people there have a modern life.
Dulongjiang Town was 2._ of f from the rest of the world by high mountains until 2014,when a road was provided. For 3. _ of years, people lived a hard life —sleeping in simple and old homes, crossing rivers by rope, climbing the mountains on handmade ladders(梯子). But now it has changed.
In October 2012, we visited the town to 4. _ the people. The 79.6-kilometer mountain5. _ from Gongshan county to the town had 794 bends(弯道). We spent 6. _ 10 hours getting there.
In February this year, we visited the area again. This time, it took 7. _ just two hours to drive there. After arriving, what we saw were new houses surrounded(环绕)8. _ clear rivers. The old wooden bridges were turned into new and 9._ones.
Everybody has a mobile phone except for some of the elderly and children. Students enjoy free10._fr om kindergarten to senior middle school. With a population of 5,000, the people there have 1,036 cars and everybody seems happy.
1._________ 2. ________ 3. _________ 4. ________ 5. _________
6. _________ 7. ________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10._______
五、读写综合
A.回答问题
请阅读下面短文， 根据所提供的信息， 回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。
Before concert pianist Paul Barton moved to Thailand, he could hardly expect where life would take him. Instead of performing for classical music lovers on stage, Barton's audiences are old and injured elephants. He spends his time playing everything from Bach to Beethoven to these huge animals.
The idea first came to Barton while he made a YouTube video in Thailand. It was there that the elephant-lover found out about Elephants World. This sanctuary(保护区) cares for old, injured and disabled elephants. After contacting the manager, Barton decided to give his first concert. What happened was something he would never forget.“The first time I played the piano at Elephants World, a blind elephant called Plara was having his breakfast. But when he heard the music, he suddenly stopped eating his food and stayed still all through the music. Plara was not the only one,” shares Barton.
The piano“concerts”are held in the open. Elephants are not forced to listen. In fact, Barton notes that the music itself appears to attract them, as many elephants come closer for a listen.
For Barton, this work is part of an effort to care for these huge animals. Their stress and pain will disappear as they listen to music.
Barton has posted videos of these moments to his YouTube, which has over 300,000 followers. They think each of the videos is a moving look at how music influences these animals. Barton's work is a bridge that brings together humans and animals.
Who did Barton perform for in Thailand
_____________________________________________________________________
Where did Barton give his concert in Thailand
_____________________________________________________________________
What's wrong with Plara
_____________________________________________________________________
How does Barton's music help the elephants
_____________________________________________________________________
What do Barton's followers think of Barton's videos
_____________________________________________________________________
B.书面表达
请根据要求完成短文写作。
为了让全校师生重视对濒危动物的保护， 某校英文报举办了以“How to Help Endangered Animals” 为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下思维导图内容提示用英文写一篇短文投稿。
注意：
1.可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
2.不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和学生的真实姓名。
3.语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇: habitat 栖息地; nature reserves 自然保护区
How to Help Endangered Animals
Because of environmental pollution and climate changes, lots of animals are in great danger now. Then what can we do to help them
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
一、语法选择
1-5 CABCC 6-10 BAABC
二、完形填空
1. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据句意及常识可知，伟大的宇航员陈冬成为第一个在太空停留超过200天的中国人。故选 B。
2. A 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据语境及句意可知， 陈冬总是努力避免错误、力求完美。故选 A。
3. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。根据语境及句意可知，为了成为合格的宇航员，他被严格训练了几年。故选C。
4. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据语境及句意可知，终于在2010年5月， 陈冬加入了中国的宇航员队伍。故选B。
5. D 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据“…Chen has led the team of Shenzhou-14 to complete many tasks.”可知, 他是
团队的领导人，带领神舟十四号团队完成了许多任务。故选 D。
6. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意可知， 在2022年底， 中国空间站全面完成。故选B。
7. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，截至2022年末，中国空间站全面建成，这是一个重要的时刻。故选 A。
8. C 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，建造中国的空间站应该是所有中国人的梦想。故选C。
9. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据语境及句意可知，“我们”非常幸运能看到太空之家在“我们”手中完成。故选 A。
10. B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知， 此处表示“我们”会充分利用空间站进行更多的科学技术实验。carry out“进行”符合文意。故选B。
三、阅读理解
A
1-5 ACBCB
B
6. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“In1969, man landed on the moon for the first time. Since then, no man has set foot on the moon.” 可推知, 自从人类上一次登上月球已经55(2024-1969=55) 年了。故选A。
7. B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“from the moon's cold surface” 并结合常识可知, 月球表面的温差很大， 极端的温度不适合人类生存，宇航服的作用是保护宇航员， 由此可推知， 此处说的是这种宇航服的鞋子可以更好地隔离月球表面的寒冷。insulated “分离”, 意思与 separated 相近。故选 B。
8. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Astronauts in the past often found their suits to be large and heavy, making it hard to move.”可知, 过去宇航员的宇航服又大又重， 很难移动。故选D。
9. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Also，unlike spacesuits of the past, this one has been designed for women as well, with different sizes.”可知, 新的宇航服也适合女性穿，它们有不同的尺码。故选A。
10. C 【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知， 文章主要介绍了新宇航服的特点和功能以及它在帮助人类重返月球方面的作用。故选C。
C
11-15 CDFAG
四、短文填空
1. but 2. cut 3. hundreds 4. meet 5. road 6. almost 7. us 8. by 9. modern 10. education
五、读写综合
A. 回答问题
1. Barton/He performed for old and injured elephants. /For old and injured elephants.
2. Barton/He gave his concert at Elephants World in Thailand. /At Elephants World. /At/In a sanctuary.
3. He's blind.
4. Their stress and pain will disappear as they listen to his music. /His music can reduce their stress and pain. /His music can make the elephants' stress and pain disappear.
5. Barton's followers/They think they are moving. /Moving.
B. 书面表达
How to Help Endangered Animals
Because of environmental pollution and climate changes, lots of animals are in great danger now. Then what can we do to help them
First, we should cut down as few trees as possible and plant more trees because the forest is home to many wild animals. Second, building more nature reserves is very helpful. Third, the government should make laws to stop people from killing animals, selling or buying wild animal products. Besides, if we stop polluting water, creatures like fish can live safely.
If we try our best, we will live in harmony with them in the future. So let's take action to protect animals from now on.