UNIT 1 Period One
基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She bore herself with ________(尊严) throughout the funeral.
2．He has made an ________(约会) to go to the movie this evening with his friend.
3．The woman felt very ________(内疚的) to see her son hurt due to her carelessness.
4．Production has been ________(暂停) while safety checks are carried out in this factory.
5．She made a big mistake in her work and got ________(解雇) from her office.
【答案】1．dignity 2．appointment 3．guilty 4．suspended 5．dismissed
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Mrs Brown doesn’t allow her husband ________(smoke) no matter where he is.
2．Miss Li hates herself ____________(talk) about in her absence.
3．The little boy sat silently by his mother，________(do) his homework on the desk.
4．Mr Wu has been given the ________(appoint) to be headmaster of that school.
5．It kept on raining for a whole week，________ we had expected before.
6．Many people make a living ________ delivering goods in the city.
7．She felt very ________(guilt) for what she had done.
8．The blind man thought the elephant was more like a trunk ________ anything else.
【答案】1．to smoke 2．being talked 3．doing
4．appointment 5．as 6．by 7．guilty 8．than
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．There ____________________________，which made us frightened to death.
传来了一种奇怪的声音，这把我们吓得要死。
2．He had to walk ____________________ run to the office.
他得走着，应该说是跑着去办公室。
3．I’ve already got a chance ________________ the public health insurance.
我已经得到机会测试公共健康保险。
4．____________________ the two countries are negotiating about economic problems.
据报道，两国正在就经济问题进行谈判。
5．If we go to low temperatures，it might look ________________ this.
如果我们用低温，它可能看起来更像这样。
【答案】1．came a very strange noise 2．or rather 3．to test out
4．It’s reported that 5．more like
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
One day this early summer，Richard Browning headed to his farmyard in the English countryside.He attached a kerosene-fueled micro gas turbine(燃气涡轮)—effectively a small version of a plane engine —to each of his arms and legs.Then he carefully pressed the trigger in his right hand.
For months Browning had been working on this secret project.Now the moment of truth had arrived.In the modest surroundings of the UK countryside，“Wiltshire’s Iron Man” took to the sky.
Browning’s first lift-off was short and clumsy.For a few seconds，he hovered(盘旋) half a metre off the ground，landing with an uncontrolled stop as clouds of dust blew up around him.But it was，unmistakably，flight.“That was the very first moment we properly proved this would work，” he says.“That was it.”
Two and a half years ago，38-year-old Browning decided he wanted to fly.Human-powered flight was，he knew，“a very strange field”．Nonetheless，it fascinated him.He tried gliding with wings and electric fan motors，working weekends and evenings.Then he had an inspiration — what if he fastened a jet engine to his body and built a real-life version of Tony Stark’s iconic suit
Nine months since his first test flight and Browning’s intuition has paid off.His suit is a light exoskeleton attached to six gas turbines with a combined thrust(推力) of 130 kilograms. His feet are covered by ultra-light snake-bite resistant walking boots imported from the US.And his flights，from a few seconds，now last as long as twelve minutes.
The suit can travel at a speed of up to 450 kilometres an hour，although Browning hasn’t tested it to anywhere near full capacity.It is constantly improving.Working with a company that had created augmented reality(增强现实) swimming goggles，Browning has developed a holographic lens “genuinely like a heads-up display fighter system”．With this in place，he’ll be able to monitor his fuel levels.He’s full of plans for future enhancements: automated balancing systems；3D-printed arm mounts；flexible LCD screens “so it will go invisible at the touch of a button”．
Browning says the suit，which he calls Daedalus after the legendary Greek inventor，is stable and simple to control.But it is an augmentation of human ability，not a personal helicopter.
“To me，that makes a lot of sense of where I’ve gone with my career and my life”，says Browning.Fulfilling an ancient dream: a fragile human body，rising slowly into the air.
( )1．What did Browning do in his first lift-off
A．He glided with wings.
B．He wore Tony Stark’s suit.
C．He met technical problems.
D．He made an awkward landing.
( )2．What can we know about Browning’s suit
A．It contains six micro gas turbines.
B．It is attached to electric fan motors.
C．It is ultra-light snake-bite resistant.
D．It has automated balancing systems.
( )3．According to the passage，which words can best describe Richard Browning
A．Curious and generous.
B．Passionate and creative.
C．Cooperative and honest.
D．Ambitious and faithful.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了布朗宁不断努力，终于成功研发小型飞行器的全部过程。
1．D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Browning’s first lift-off was short and clumsy.For a few seconds，he hovered(盘旋) half a metre off the ground，landing with an uncontrolled stop as clouds of dust blew up around him.”可知，布朗宁的第一次飞行的着陆不受控制，非常笨拙。即他的着陆很尴尬。故选D项。
2．A 细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“His suit is a light exoskeleton attached to six gas turbines with a combined thrust(推力) of 130 kilograms.”可知，他的衣服搭载了六个燃气涡轮机。故选A项。
3．B 推理判断题。根据文章第六段的“The suit can travel at a speed of up to 450 kilometres an hour，although Browning hasn’t tested it to anywhere near full capacity.It is constantly improving.”以及文章倒数第二段的“Browning says the suit，which he calls Daedalus after the legendary Greek inventor，is stable and simple to control.”可知，布朗宁研发了新型的飞行器并且不厌其烦地对其修改。由此并结合文意可推知，他是一个充满激情并且富有创造力的人。故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Residents and emergency workers recovering from destruction caused by deadly tornadoes on December 10 in Kentucky recently had some support from White County.As many throughout the region __1__ swiftly to provide aid to the affected communities，Cleveland police officer Justin Baldwin was among those __2__ to help.
Baldwin __3__ to take a carload of supplies to Kentucky for the relief efforts and told his coworkers about his __4__ on Monday before leaving.As word of his plan __5__ beyond the police department，strangers started donating money，supplies and their time to the __6__．Water bottles，snacks and large cans of vegetables，as well as a(n) __7__ amount of monetary(货币的) donations __8__. The officer also __9__ to see what was needed most in Kentucky.Then he went and bought four or five hundred dollars’ worth of children’s medicine.
By last Thursday，Baldwin had to __10__seats out of a 15-passenger van(面包车) to load the donations for __11__in a weekend trip.Mayfield High School has been turned into a distribution centre to provide __12__．Baldwin decided that would be the__13__place to set up his van to reach people.
Baldwin stayed in Kentucky for three days，__14__ by the amount of generosity he witnessed in the county.Multiple trucks were waiting to come in — people were very generous and a lot of people had felt a __15__to do something.
( )1．A．shifted B．moved
C．flew D．settled
( )2．A．determined B．discouraged
C．permitted D．expected
( )3．A．managed B．proceeded
C．planned D．hesitated
( )4．A．doubt B．fear
C．demand D．idea
( )5．A．spread B．failed
C．changed D．delayed
( )6．A．role B．department
C．cause D．innovation
( )7．A．substantial B．crucial
C．influential D．partial
( )8．A．poured in B．swept away
C．gave way D．ran out
( )9．A．explored B．checked
C．intended D．applied
( )10．A．repair B．produce
C．deliver D．remove
( )11．A．exchange B．entertainment
C．consumption D．transport
( )12．A．shelters B．belongings
C．gifts D．essentials
( )13．A．safe B．ideal
C．distant D．legal
( )14．A．worn out B．blown away
C．brought back D．cast down
( )15．A．panic B．relief
C．calling D．challenge
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名警察采取行动，帮助遭受龙卷风袭击的地区的人们的故事。
1．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于整个地区的许多人迅速采取行动向受影响的社区提供援助，克利夫兰警察贾斯汀·鲍德温是那些决心提供帮助的人之一。shifted转移；moved采取行动；flew飞；settled解决。由空后的“swiftly to provide aid”可知，大家迅速采取行动，提供帮助。故选B项。
2．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于整个地区的许多人迅速采取行动向受影响的社区提供援助，克利夫兰警察贾斯汀·鲍德温是那些决心提供帮助的人之一。determined下定决心的；discouraged气馁的；permitted被允许的；expected预期的。由空前的“swiftly to provide aid”可知，大家迅速采取行动，提供帮助，大家都决心帮助。故选A项。
3．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温计划将一车物资带到肯塔基州进行救援工作，并在周一离开前告诉了他的同事他的想法。managed管理；proceeded进行；planned计划；hesitated犹豫不决。由下文的“told his coworkers about his __4__ on Monday before leaving”可知，在出发之前他打算这样做。故选C项。
4．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温计划将一车物资带到肯塔基州进行救援工作，并在周一离开前告诉了他的同事他的想法。doubt怀疑；fear恐惧；demand需求；idea主意。由上文的“told his coworkers”可知，他把他的计划告诉了他的同事。故选D项。
5．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他的计划的消息传到警察局之外，陌生人开始为这项事业捐赠金钱、物资和时间。spread传播；failed失败；changed改变；delayed延迟。由下文的“strangers started donating money”可知陌生人捐钱是因为听说了他的计划，所以他的计划传开了。故选A项。
6．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他的计划的消息传到警察局之外，陌生人开始为这项事业捐赠金钱、物资和时间。role角色；department部门；cause事业；innovation革新。根据第一段的“Cleveland police officer Justin Baldwin was among those __2__ to help”可知，他要提供帮助，这是一项伟大的事业。故选C项。
7．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水瓶、零食和大罐蔬菜，以及大量的货币捐款涌入。 substantial大量的；crucial至关重要的；influential有影响的；partial部分的。根据空后的amount可知，这是一大笔钱。故选A项。
8．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：水瓶、零食和大罐蔬菜，以及大量的货币捐款涌入。poured in涌入；swept away扫除；gave way让步；ran out用完。根据本句“Water bottles，snacks and large cans of vegetables，as well as a(n) __7__ amount of monetary(货币的) donations __8__”．可知，此处指大家的捐款一下子都涌来了。故选A项。
9．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：该官员还查询了肯塔基州最需要什么。explored探索；checked查询；intended打算；applied应用。根据空后的“to see what was needed most in Kentucky”可知，这位警官要去查询最需要的物品是什么。故选B项。
10．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到上周四，鲍德温不得不从一辆可容纳 15 人的面包车上拆下座位，以便(用作)在周末旅行中装载捐赠的交通工具。repair修理；produce生产；deliver运送；remove移开，拿开。根据空后的“seats out of a 15-passenger van(面包车) to load the donations”可知，他要把面包车里的座位都拆掉，腾出空间来装载东西。故选D项。
11．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到上周四，鲍德温不得不从一辆可容纳 15 人的面包车上拆下座位，以便(用作)在周末旅行中装载捐赠的交通工具。exchange交换；entertainment娱乐；consumption消费；transport运输。根据空前的“load the donations”可知，他要运东西上路。故选D项。
12．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅菲尔德高中已经变成了提供必需品的配送中心。shelters避难所；belongings财物；gifts礼物；essentials必需品。根据空前的“a distribution centre”可知，配送中心在灾区会配送一些最基本的生活必需品。故选D项。
13．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲍德温认为那将是安置他的面包车以接触人们的理想场所。safe安全的；ideal理想的；distant遥远的；legal合法的。根据上句的“a distribution centre to provide essentials”可知，配送中心对他来说是一个理想的地方，因为他可以在那里分发他募捐的一些东西。故选B项。
14．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：鲍德温在肯塔基州待了三天，被他在该县所目睹的慷慨大度所深深打动。worn out磨损；blown away深深打动；brought back恢复；cast down投下。根据空后的“the amount of generosity he witnessed”可知，他目睹了很多慷慨事件的发生，他被深深打动。故选B项。
15．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多辆卡车正等着进来——人们非常慷慨，很多人都感到有做某事的呼唤。panic恐慌；relief宽慰；calling呼唤；challenge挑战。根据空后的“to do something”可知，人们很慷慨，感到某种东西在召唤他们，必须做点什么来帮助这些受灾的人。故选C项。UNIT 1 Period Two
基础练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Henry told me that he had made an ________(appoint) with his doctor the next day.
2．Jackson shut the door and went out ________ a hurry to the hospital.
3．Our English teacher is more like a friend ________ a teacher to me.
4．Mr Li is always the first person ________(get) to the office every day.
5．When ________ comes to our hobbies，I take a special interest in playing the piano.
6．The villagers are surprised at the news that Li Ming has been admitted ________ Beijing University.
7．This bridge ________(build) in the 1980s and it is still in good condition.
8．I ________(catch) up in the novel so much that I forgot to go to bed.
9．Lily goes back to see her parents on a ________(week) basis.
10．It ________(calculate) that another new university will be set up in our school.
【答案】1．appointment 2．in 3．than
4．to get 5．it 6．into 7．was built
8．was caught 9．weekly 10．is calculated
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Li Lei ________________________ one of the top three students in his class.
李雷被认为是他班上的前三名学生之一。
2．The striking advertisement ____________________________________．
这个惊人的广告吸引了路人的注意力。
3．The old man does a lot of reading ____________________________________，though he is in his seventies now.
这位老人每天大量阅读，尽管他现在七十多岁了。
4．These passengers seemed not to __________________________ the danger.
这些乘客似乎没有意识到这个危险。
5．But some of these poems ________________________ multiple versions，spread widely in the whole world.
但是这些诗歌中的一些被改编成多个版本，在全世界流传甚广。
6．I’m pleased to ______________________．
给我这次机会我很高兴。
7．They are living with their parents for the moment because ____________________．
他们现在和其父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在被重建。
8．Imagine ________________________ on an island alone.
想象一下你弟弟被独自留在一个岛上。
9．____________________________，the naughty boy made the same mistake again.
被告诉好几遍了，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同样的错误。
【答案】1．is regarded as
2．attracts the passers-by’s attention
3．on a daily basis 4．be aware of
5．were adapted into
6．have been given this opportunity
7．their own house is being rebuilt
8．your brother(?s) being left
9．Having been told many times
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
For eight-year-old Toby，who is deaf，watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless，because so many of them don’t have sign language versions.“We have subtitles but it goes too fast，” his dad Jarod Mills said.But now，Toby has some help thanks to an app developed by a 17-year-old student，Mariella Satow，who created a signing app called SignUp.
She got the idea when she was teaching herself American Sign Language(ASL) — one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world.Mariella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn，and she was disappointed to discover how few had signed versions.It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology，with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community.
The app is available in the US as a browser extension(浏览器扩展) — with an interpreter appearing in a box once the film starts playing.It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment，because that’s where Mariella thought she could help the most children.Jarod，who works at a school for deaf children，says it was “exciting” watching Toby use Mariella’s invention.He says，“Kids are getting information like any hearing child does.”
Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers when it comes to cinema and TV.“A hearing person can go to the cinema any time whereas deaf people have to make sure there’s a suitable viewing a time we’re free，” says 27-year-old Stacey Worboys from Cardiff.She has learnt British Sign Language (BSL)，and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films.But she feels having an interpreter would make things “more inclusive”，especially for someone who might struggle with subtitles.Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app.It’s now got thousands of users.
Stacey says a UK version of an app like SignUp would make films and TV “more accessible” for the deaf community.Mariella is up for the challenge — and hopes to make a British Sign Language version of her app for other streaming platforms(流媒体平台).“There are more than 300 sign languages used worldwide，so it’ll take a long time to get all of those versions out，” she says.
( )1．Mariella created SignUp because of________．
A．her awareness of Toby’s frustration
B．lack of signed TV shows for the deaf
C．her childhood memories in a cinema
D．the encouragement from her teachers
( )2．What will be Mariella’s next challenge
A．To update the app for cinemas.
B．To design a British Sign Language version of the app.
C．To launch a universal version of the app.
D．To promote the use of her app worldwide.
( )3．Which of the following words can best describe Mariella
A．Creative and caring.
B．Talented and humorous.
C．Curious and fearless.
D．Knowledgeable and humble.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。17岁的学生玛丽拉·萨托开发了一款名为“SignUp”的手语应用程序，方便失聪人群看电影。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...she was disappointed to discover how few had signed versions.”可知，开发这款软件是因为她失望地发现缺少服务失聪人群的电视节目。故选B项。
2．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Stacey says a UK version of an app like SignUp would make films and TV ‘more accessible’ for the deaf community.Mariella is up for the challenge — and hopes to make a British Sign Language version of her app for other streaming platforms(流媒体平台).”可知，玛丽拉的下一个挑战是设计一个英国手语版本的应用程序。故选B项。
3．A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology，with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community.”可知，玛丽拉创造了这个软件，具有很强的创造力；根据第三段中的“ It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment，because that’s where Mariella thought she could help the most children.”可知，她非常乐于帮助孩子们。故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
After a long day at work，coming home is a breath of fresh air.__1__ However，is it as healthy as it can be？Below are a number of things we can do to create a healthy home environment that will help to ease the workday stress and promote our physical and mental health.
Cleaning the house regularly is the first thing we should do.It may seem like a tiring thing to clean，but there is a reason for doing so.We can remove dust by cleaning the house.Leaving layers of dust everywhere means that there is a build-up of dust.__2__ Into our lungs.
Making sure the rooms are full of sunlight is also important.We may not realise it，but sunlight is an important part of our growth.We all know that sunlight promotes better working conditions.__3__ Think about using a Parans system where sunlight does not reach.This technology gathers the sunlight by using solar panels(板).It can send out sunlight wherever we are.
__4__ Going green will help to remove toxins(毒素) in the air.They also give off oxygen，which can lower stress and improve our moods.
Along the lines of being green，it can also be vital to think about what things we are bringing into the house.Try to avoid specific plastics that are harmful to health.__5__ They may contain poisonous chemicals that can be breathed in，or simply absorbed through the skin.
A．And where do these layers of dust go
B．Home is a comfortable place to sit back and relax.
C．Is our home as safe as it used to be
D．The same thing applies to certain carpets and paint.
E．It is also a good idea to add more plants in our house.
F．Besides，it can reduce both stress and high blood pressure.
G．It is acknowledged that a greener lifestyle is linked to better health.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出我们可以做一些事情来创造一个健康的家庭环境。这将有助于缓解工作压力，促进我们的身心健康。
1．B 上文“After a long day at work，coming home is a breath of fresh air.”与B项“Home is a comfortable place to sit back and relax.”承接自然，都说明了家的好处，是明显的并列结构，home是关键词。故选B项。
2．A 下文“Into our lungs.”与A项“And where do these layers of dust go？”承接自然，选项提出问题，下文回答问题。故选A项。
3．F 上文“We all know that sunlight promotes better working conditions.”与F项“Besides，it can reduce both stress and high blood pressure.”承接自然，选项F中的it就是指上文的sunlight。故选F项。
4．E 下文“Going green will help to remove toxins(毒素) in the air.”与E项“It is also a good idea to add more plants in our house.”承接自然，上下文是明显的并列关系，都说明如何让家变得更健康。故选E项。
5．D 下文“They may contain poisonous chemicals that can be breathed in，or simply absorbed through the skin.”与D项“The same thing applies to certain carpets and paint.”承接自然，下文的“They”就是指选项D中的“carpets and paint”和上文的plastics。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Of all the notable mountains in China，the Huangshan Mountain is probably the most famous.The fairy-land like Huangshan National Park 1．________(occupy) an area of 160.6 square kilometers possesses not only attractive scenery but also rich resources and diverse animal species，for 2．________ it has been listed as a World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site.
It is famous for its splendid natural scenery 3．________(compose) of four wonders，namely unique guest-greeting pines，absurd(荒诞的) stones，sea of clouds and amazing hot springs.
In Huangshan，there are hundreds of precious pine trees 4．________(rare) seen anywhere else.As one of the 5．________(symbol) of Huangshan，the most famous Guest-greeting Pine stretches out for about 10 metres from the cliffs in a 6．________(respect) greeting gesture.The absurd stones can 7．________(see) almost on every peak of Huangshan Mountain.From different viewing angles，the stones look like human beings，animals or other objects.You would be lucky to see the sea of clouds，as it only 8．________(occur) around 50 days in a year.The whole mountain surrounded by the misty clouds is as pretty as a huge ink wash painting(水墨画). The hot springs keep an average temperature of around 42.5℃ all year round.Taking a bath 9．________ a hot spring while appreciating the wonderful natural landscapes is 10．________ relaxing that you will get away from the tiredness after the Huangshan hiking.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的黄山国家公园概况以及景色特点。
1．occupying 考查动词的-ing形式。句意：仙境般的黄山国家公园占地160.6平方公里，不仅风景迷人，而且资源丰富，动物种类多样，已被列为世界自然和文化遗产。句子有谓语possesses，且前后无连词，因此，空处在句中作非谓语，修饰名词短语“The fairy-land like Huangshan National Park”，作后置定语，动词occupy与逻辑主语“The fairy-land like Huangshan National Park”是主谓关系，用动词的-ing形式。故填occupying。
2．which 考查定语从句。句意：仙境般的黄山国家公园占地160.6平方公里，不仅风景迷人，而且资源丰富，动物种类多样，已被列为世界自然和文化遗产。此处为“介词＋关系代词”的非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，指物，且从句中缺少介词后面的宾语，应用“for which”引导。故填which。
3．composed 考查动词的-ed形式。句意：它以其由独特的迎客松、荒诞的石头、云海和神奇的温泉四大奇观组成的壮丽自然风光而闻名。短语be composed of表示“组成”，句中已有谓语is，空处用动词的-ed形式作后置定语。故填composed。
4．rarely 考查副词。句意：在黄山，有数百种其他地方罕见的珍贵松树。修饰动词see应用副词rarely，在句中作状语。故填rarely。
5．symbols 考查名词的数。句意：作为黄山的标志之一，最著名的迎客松从悬崖上伸出约10米，以恭敬的姿态迎宾。symbol为可数名词，此处为“one of＋the＋复数名词”结构，应用名词的复数形式。故填symbols。
6．respectful 考查形容词。句意：作为黄山的标志之一，最著名的迎客松从悬崖上伸出约10米，以恭敬的姿态迎宾。修饰名词gesture应用形容词respectful，表示“恭敬的”，在句中作定语。故填respectful。
7．be seen 考查被动语态。句意：在黄山的每一座山峰上，几乎都能看到奇形怪状的石头。动词see与主语The absurb stones构成动宾关系，应用被动语态。can后跟动词原形。故填be seen。
8．occurs 考查主谓一致。句意：如果你能看到云海，那就太幸运了，因为一年中只有大约50天会出现这种情况。根据后文的“in a year”可知，应用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填occurs。
9．in 考查介词。句意：在温泉里泡个澡，欣赏美妙的自然景观，是如此放松，你会摆脱黄山徒步旅行后的疲劳。表示“在里面”应用介词in。故填in。
10．so 考查副词。句意：在温泉里泡个澡，欣赏美妙的自然景观，是如此放松，以至你会摆脱黄山徒步旅行后的疲劳。修饰形容词relaxing应用副词so，构成固定句型“so...that...”的应用，其意为“如此……以至于”。故填so。UNIT 1 Period Three
基础练
Ⅰ.把下面句子改为被动句
1．His mother told him not to waste time on playing.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】He was told not to waste time on playing (by his mother).
2．Father gave me a toy at Christmas.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I was given a toy at Christmas (by my father).
3．This factory produces machine tools.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Machine tools are produced in this factory.
4．They should do it at once.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It should be done at once (by them).
5．He is likely to let you down.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】You are likely to be let down (by him).
6．They named the child Tom.
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The child was named Tom (by them).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．A hedge forms the ________(divide) between their land and ours.
2．In terms of working skills，Li Lei is superior ________ any other staff in his company.
3．I had meant ________(pay) you a visit last Sunday，but I was too busy to leave.
4．The teacher seems to be unsatisfied with your answer because it is quite ________ the point.
5．I’ll have to remind you ________ your promise to return to me that sum of money you borrowed last year.
6．It was on a rainy day ________ we held the sports meeting last term.
7．The bridge ________(complete) by the end of last month.
8．More than five tons of rice is turned ________ on this farm every year.
9．All his old friends fall ________ from him.
10．________ time went by，the little boy has turned out to be a handsome young man.
【答案】1．division 2．to 3．to pay 4．off
5．of/about 6．that 7．had been completed
8．out 9．away 10．As
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．________________ that about three hundred people ________________ in this accident.
据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。
2．The mountain top ________________ snow all round the year.
那山顶终年积雪。
3．If you take this medicine，all your symptoms ________________．
如果你服用这种药物，你的所有症状将会消失。
4．The sports meeting ________________ next Wednesday afternoon.
校运会将在下周三下午举行。
5．The railway ________________ by the workers since two years ago.
那一条铁路自从两年前就已经建成了。
6．This collection ________________ three parts: poems，essays and short stories.
这部合集由诗歌、散文和短篇小说三部分组成。
7．I like this English song and it __________________________ many times on the radio.
我喜欢这首英文歌，它已经在广播里教过很多次了。
8．The film star ________________ by fans for photographs at the airport at present.
这位电影明星目前在机场被影迷们围住拍照。
【答案】1．It’s reported；were killed
2．is covered with 3．will fall away
4．will be held 5．has been built
6．is made up of 7．has been taught
8．is being surrounded
提升练
阅读理解
A
Best Smartphone Games to Put Your Brain to Test
I am a fan of MMORPGs(大型多人在线角色扮演游戏).But sometimes I play brain games.Here are four games for you that will surely put your brain to test.
Real Chess
Chess has been bursting brains for many centuries，and this virtual(虚拟的) change of chess really brings a new taste.It’s not an ordinary game，for it’s a 3D virtual chess that lets you play with users from all around the world.
You can chat with opponents，play with AI，get newbie(新手) tips and much more.The animations and 3D structures are really cool as well.
Juice Cubes
Juice Cubes is a light and colourful game full of fruity juice cubes that you need to connect to pop and clear levels.There are multiple types of challenges，power-ups，and more than 550 levels to keep you addicted.
It might seem easy at the start，but it will burst your brain when you reach higher levels.
WordBrain 2
WordBrain 2 is a really fun word game where you need to guess words based on the number of letters provided.Each word puzzle has a theme category，such as food，human body，colour or even space.
And you can also use hints(暗示) to solve the level when you get stuck.Your vocabulary is sure to be challenged in it.
Puzzlerama
Puzzlerama basically joins some of the top puzzles in one single app，making it a perfect app for puzzle lovers.It lets you play popular puzzle games such as flow，jigsaw，unblock，pipes，tangram and more.There are hundreds of levels available for each puzzle type，and things get really tough as you advance.
The game interface(界面) is also very colourful，and smooth animations make the game fun to play.
( )1．What is special about Real Chess
A．It is a light and colourful game.
B．It is a funny word game.
C．It is a 3D virtual chess game.
D．It has hundreds of levels.
( )2．If you’re good at guessing words，which game is the best choice
A．Real Chess. B．Juice Cubes.
C．WordBrain 2． D．Puzzlerama.
( )3．Which games are likely to have bright and different colours in the interface design
A．Real Chess & WordBrain 2．
B．Juice Cubes & WordBrain 2．
C．WordBrain 2 & Puzzlerama.
D．Puzzlerama & Juice Cubes.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种能测试你大脑的智能手机游戏。
1．C 细节理解题。根据Real Chess部分中的“It’s not an ordinary game，for it’s a 3D virtual chess that lets you play with users from all around the world.”可知，Real Chess的特别之处在于它是一个3D 虚拟象棋游戏。故选C项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据WordBrain 2部分中的“WordBrain 2 is a really fun word game where you need to guess words based on the number of letters provided.”可知，如果你擅长猜词，最好的选择就是WordBrain 2。故选C项。
3．D 细节理解题。根据Juice Cubes部分中的“Juice Cubes is a light and colourful game full of fruity juice cubes that you need to connect to pop and clear levels.” 和Puzzlerama部分中的“The game interface(界面) is also very colourful，and smooth animations make the game fun to play.”可知，Puzzlerama 和Juice Cubes 这两款游戏的界面都有鲜艳的、不同的颜色。故选D项。
B
We live in a time when robots entertain，teach and surprise us.Just as smartphones and social media offer a connectivity beyond anything we imagined，robots are beginning to offer physical capabilities and artificial intelligence (AI) beyond our expectations.Together，these technologies could be used to help solve important challenges like ageing societies，environmental threats and global conflicts.
But many of us wonder whether AI will become so intelligent in human communication that the boundaries between human and artificial beings will blur．If it is possible to build a meaningful interaction with an artificial agent，will there still be a division in the relationships we have with people and technology？Also，once our human bodies and minds are enhanced with AI and robotics，what will it mean to be “human”？
From an engineering perspective，these advanced capabilities are still very far away.A number of hurdles need to be overcome.For now，robots and computers are completely dependent on a power source — they require a lot of electricity，and this complicates integrating robotic elements with human organic tissue.Another hurdle is the complexity of human communication.While a one-off natural language conversation in a specific context with a robot can feel realistic，engaging people verbally and non-verbally over many contexts is quite another matter.
For example，when you call an artificial lost-and-found agent at an airport，a pleasant conversation is possible because there are only a limited number of goals the caller has.However，in creating a more extended relationship，for example，with a robotic pet，the robot needs to have internal goals，an extensive memory that relates experiences to various contexts，and it needs to develop these capabilities over time.
Through smart “tricks”，a robot can seem more intelligent and capable than it is.Humans have the tendency to “make sense” of the robot’s behaviours in a human way.However，in order to sustain a meaningful relationship which deepens and evolves over time，an extensive artificial inner life will need to be created.
( )4．What does the underlined word “blur” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Lose clear vision.
B．Destroy or ruin.
C．Become clear.
D．Happen quickly.
( )5．What is the message conveyed in Paragraph 2
A．AI technology is undergoing unexpected reforms.
B．Humans can’t build a meaningful interaction with robots.
C．People doubt whether artificial beings can replace humans.
D．Social problems may be solved with the development of AI.
( )6．What can be inferred about AI from Paragraph 3 — 4
A．Gaps exist between technology and advanced AI capabilities.
B．It is impossible to make a realistic conversation with a robot.
C．Robot pets have a memory linked to previous experiences.
D．Future robots can operate without electricity.
( )7．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Robot’s Behaviours Are Worthy of Being Understood
B．Various Factors Restrict Expansion of AI Capabilities
C．High Technologies Facilitate the Man-machine Interaction
D．Artificial Inner Life Needs Extending for Sustainable Human-Robot Relations
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了机器人开始提供超出我们预期的物理能力和人工智能，但是人工智能能否取代人类仍然存在疑问。文章说明了其中存在的障碍，指出人为的内在生命需要扩展以维持人机关系。
4．A 词义猜测题。根据文意可知，画线词所在句句意为：但我们很多人都想知道，人工智能是否会在与人交流时变得如此智能，以至于人与人工之间的界限变得模糊。此处是指“人”与“人工”之间的界限变得了模糊、不清晰。故选A项。
5．C 段落大意题。根据第二段可知：但我们很多人都想知道，人工智能是否会在与人交流时变得如此智能，以至于人与人工之间的界限变得模糊。如果有可能与人工代理建立有意义的互动，那么我们和人和技术的关系还会有分歧吗？此外，一旦我们的身体和大脑被人工智能和机器人技术增强，“人类”将意味着什么。因此，本段所传达的信息是人们怀疑人工生命是否能取代人类。故选C项。
6．A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A number of hurdles need to be overcome...engaging people verbally and non-verbally over many contexts is quite another matter(还有许多障碍需要克服。目前，机器人和计算机完全依赖于电源——它们需要大量的电力，这使得机器人与人体有机组织的集成变得复杂。另一个障碍是人类交流的复杂性。与机器人在特定环境下进行一次性的自然语言对话可能会让人感到真实，但让人们在多种环境下进行口头或非口头的交流则是另一回事。).”以及第四段中的“However，in creating...to develop these capabilities over time(然而，在创造一个更广泛的关系时，例如，与一个机器人宠物的关系，机器人需要有内部目标和一种将经验联系到各种环境的广泛记忆，而且它需要随着时间的推移发展这些能力。).”可推知，技术和先进的人工智能能力之间存在差距。故选A项。
7．D 标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“However，in order to sustain a meaningful relationship which deepens and evolves over time，an extensive artificial inner life will need to be created.”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要说明了机器人开始提供超出我们预期的物理能力和人工智能，但是人工智能能否取代人类仍然存在疑问。文章说明了其中存在的障碍，指出人为的内在生命需要扩展以维持人机关系。由此可知，D项“人为的内在生命需要扩展以维持人机关系”最适合做文章标题。故选D项。UNIT 1 Period Four
基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The young man often comes to work late，so his boss has decided to ________(解雇) him.
2．The boy got his dog to ________(去取) his bag for him at home.
3．Within a second，the car ________(爆炸) and it soon got on fire.
4．I’ll have to ________(计算) how much time it will take me to finish my homework.
5．They had to ________(延迟) the sports meeting due to the heavy rain.
6．Tom is ________(优于) to all of his classmates in terms of his science lessons.
7．This may have been an improvement，but “breakthrough” was an ________(夸张).
8．All the children had an ________(冲动) to have a try in person.
【答案】1．dismiss 2．fetch 3．exploded
4．calculate 5．suspend 6．superior
7．overstatement 8．urge
Ⅱ.短语填空
have an urge to，as a result，switch off，make a list，make a table，fill in，take notes，be superior to，make a presentation，at one place or another
1．That man seems to be so familiar to me.I must have seen him ________．
2．You’ll have to ________ this form if you want to apply for this position.
3．All the children ________ on the stage and received high praise.
4．She usually ________ of what she will do during the day as soon as she gets up.
5．The quality of our products ________ that of any other products.
6．Mary has got her mobile phone ________，so I can’t get through to her.
7．Mike went to bed so late last night.________， it was already seven when he woke up this morning.
8．Seeing the clear water，all the visitors ______________ dive into it to have a look at the beautiful creatures.
9．As a good student，Lily usually listens to the teacher and ________ carefully in class.
10．We should ________ about our income and life cost so that we can make ends meet.
【答案】1．at one place or another 2．fill in
3．made a presentation 4．makes a list
5．is superior to 6．switched off
7．As a result 8．had an urge to
9．takes notes 10．make a table
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．________________________________ this house is worth five million dollars.
据推算，这座房子值五百万美元。
2．________________________________ the heavy rain，many crops were ruined.
由于这场大雨，许多庄稼都被毁了。
3．I seem to have heard of it ________________________________．
我似乎在什么时候听说过这件事情。
4．The couple ________________________________ open a shop of their own now.
这对夫妇现在有一种强烈的愿望要开办自己的商店。
5．Do you know the woman ________________________________？
你认识那位穿着红色毛衣的妇女吗？
【答案】1．It is calculated that 2．As a result of
3．at one time or another 4．have an urge to
5．dressed in a red sweater
提升练
Ⅰ.七选五
You’d like to exercise more，only to find that you don’t have the time，can’t afford expensive lessons or concern about injuries on your body.__1__ With walking，however，you can fully enjoy yourself in multiple ways.
You can get “me” time. Heading out by yourself can be a good way to escape the demands and expectations that occupy much of your time.As you walk，you can clear your head，relax，and reflect.__2__
You can do it with others.__3__ It’s a great way to catch up or get to know someone better.And if you need to have a tough conversation with someone，try doing it while walking.Striding(跨步) side by side can make discussions easier because you’re more relaxed than when you’re sitting face to face.
You can enjoy the gift of nature.__4__Walking is a great way to get out in nature.
You can gain a new viewpoint.The world is different when you view it at 3 mph instead of 25 or 30 mph.You might discover an interesting shop，observe complex architecture，or meet a friendly person.
__5__Stanford University researchers found that people generated twice as many creative responses to problems when walking compared with sitting.
A．You can do it anywhere.
B．You can be more creative.
C．For some people，exercise feels like hard labour.
D．People walk less if they live near parks or paths.
E．It can be valuable，allowing you to return refreshed.
F．Invite family，friends，or co-workers to join you for a walk.
G．Spending time in parks or near water can improve your mood.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了散步给人们带来的好处。
1．C 根据上文的“You’d like to exercise more，only to find that you don’t have the time，can’t afford expensive lessons or concern about injuries on your body.”可知，这里继续陈述锻炼的困难。C项“For some people，exercise feels like hard labour.”符合语境。故选C项。
2．E 根据上文的“As you walk，you can clear your head，relax，and reflect.”可知，这里陈述散步的好处。E项“It can be valuable，allowing you to return refreshed.”符合语境。故选E项。
3．F 根据上文的“You can do it with others.”可知，本段介绍可以邀请他人一起散步。F项“Invite family，friends，or co-workers to join you for a walk.”符合语境。故选F项。
4．G 根据上文的“You can enjoy the gift of nature.”及下文的“Walking is a great way to get out in nature.”可知，公园或水边是亲近大自然最好的地方。G项“Spending time in parks or near water can improve your mood.”符合语境。故选G项。
5．B 根据下文的“Stanford University researchers found that people generated twice as many creative responses to problems when walking compared with sitting.”可知，走路时人们的创造力更佳。B项“You can be more creative.”符合语境。B项和下文都出现了creative。故选B项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Born in December 2006，Zhang Jiacheng lost his right arm in an accident at the age of 5,1．________ was a disaster for such a young kid.However，he 2．________ (quick) got used to it and learnt to use his left arm and hand.He never lost his love for basketball.At 12，he began playing basketball.At first，he 3．________(find) even the simplest moves difficult，but he never lost heart.Every day，he plays basketball after school 4．________ some of his friends no matter 5．________ the weather is like.Within two years of practice，he broke three basketballs.His practice and game videos at home and on the court have been viewed about 32 million6．________(time) on a social media platform so far.Fifteen short videos 7．________(post) by him have earned him over 1 million likes in just a few days.His excellent 8．________(perform) in dribbling(控球) gained wide attention in China.What’s more，his skills 9．________(praise) by a basketball star last month.“There will be a much larger platform for Zhang to play on，” Zhang’s coach says，10．________(add) that the boy has outstanding talent.“Give it a try，or give it up，” Zhang wrote when posting one video.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了独臂男孩张家城和篮球之间的故事。
1．which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：张家城出生于2006年12月，5岁时在一次事故中失去了右臂，对于这样一个年幼的孩子来说，这是一场灾难。分析句子结构可知，设空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以设空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
2．quickly 考查副词。句意：然而，他很快就习惯这件事，并学会了使用左臂和左手。设空处需用副词作状语修饰动词短语got used to，quick的副词为quickly。故填quickly。
3．found 考查动词的时态。句意：起初，他觉得即使是最简单的动作也很难，但他从未灰心。根据后半句的谓语动词lost可知，设空处需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故填found。
4．with 考查介词。句意：每天放学后，不管天气如何，他都和一些朋友一起打篮球。“和某人一起”用介词with，play basketball with sb表示“和某人一起打篮球”，为固定短语。故填with。
5．what 考查状语从句。句意：同上题。询问天气需用句型“What’s the weather like？”．设空处需用连接词no matter what引导让步状语从句，表示不管天气如何。故填what。
6．times 考查名词的数。句意：到目前为止，他在家里和球场上的训练和比赛视频在社交媒体平台上已经被观看了约3200万次。此处time表示次数，为可数名词，32 million后需接可数名词的复数形式。故填times。
7．posted 考查动词的-ed形式。句意：短短几天，他发布的15个短视频就为他赢得了超过100万个赞。本句已有谓语have earned，所以空处用非谓语动词作定语修饰复数名词videos，动词post与复数名词videos之间是动宾关系，所以设空处需用posted作后置定语。故填posted。
8．performance 考查名词。句意：他在控球方面的出色表现在中国引起了广泛关注。分析句子结构可知，设空处需用名词作主语；perform的名词为performance，此指控球方面的表现，为不可数名词。故填performance。
9．were praised 考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：更重要的是，他的技术上个月受到了一位篮球明星的称赞。根据时间状语last month可知，设空处需用一般过去时，表示“被别人称赞”，需用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是复数名词his skills，所以be动词需用were。故填were praised。
10．adding 考查动词的-ing形式。句意：“将会有一个更大的平台让张家城发挥，”张的教练说，并补充道这个男孩有杰出的天赋。本句已有谓语动词says，所以设空处需用非谓语动词作状语；动词add与主句的主语Zhang’s coach之间是主谓关系，所以用adding作状语。故填adding。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
你校英文报“Student Life” 专栏就“周末志愿者活动”向全体同学征集建议，请你投稿。
内容包括：
1．活动项目：
2．推荐理由。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Volunteer work presents us with a great opportunity for our future development.Among so many volunteer activities，I strongly recommend volunteering in the nursing home.We can spend weekends in the local nursing community，offering help like doing some cleaning，or chatting with the old so that they won’t feel lonely.
Such an activity can provide us students with a chance to take part in social activities and help those in need.More importantly，it is a way for us to learn to respect the old and show concern for others.UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Here we will show you some of the best winter RV(野营车) destinations in the US.
Casa Del Sol Resort(度假胜地)
At the Casa Del Sol，you are sure to feel right at home.This RV destination offers showers，laundry facilities，restrooms and free Wi-Fi at the RV sites.They don’t stop there though，this awesome RV park offers an Olympic-sized heated pool，craft rooms as well as planned year-round activities to keep you busy and active.
Golden Village Palms RV Resort
This RV resort in sunny southern California is a great choice to spend your winter months! This RV park offers a big pool，outdoor barbecues，a lending library and even free coffee! On the RV hook-up sites they feature cheap Wi-Fi and landscaping services to keep the park neat and clean! A great place to park your RV for the winter!
Riverbend Resort Cabins & RV Park
Riverbend Resort Cabins and RV Park is the perfect place for your RV when you want a warm place to return to after a long day of hiking，biking or fishing in the cold! It offers water，sewer and electrical hook-ups，as well as cheap Wi-Fi.It also offers outdoor grills and picnic tables.There is easy access to hiking and biking trails from the campsite.
Forge Adirondack
Forge Adirondack resort offers many activities to attract you to their campgrounds for winter recreation! It offers snowmobiling which is popular with most tourists，a snowshoe track，boat rentals and even horseback riding! It has 8 different sites for heated restrooms and showers，and each site comes complete with picnic tables.
( )1．Which of the following is free of charge at the Casa Del Sol Resort
A．Restrooms. B．Wi-Fi.
C．Laundry facilities. D．Showers.
( )2．Which destination offers free coffee
A．Casa Del Sol Resort.
B．Riverbend Resort Cabins & RV Park.
C．Golden Village Palms RV Resort.
D．Forge Adirondack.
( )3．Which attracts most tourists at Forge Adirondack
A．A snowshoe track. B．Swimming.
C．Snowmobiling. D．Horseback riding.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，展示了四个美国最好的冬季野营车目的地。
1．B 细节理解题。根据Casa Del Sol Resort(度假胜地)部分中的“This RV destination offers showers，laundry facilities，restrooms and free Wi-Fi at the RV sites(这个野营车目的地提供淋浴、洗衣设施、卫生间和免费无线网络。).”可知，无线网络在太阳之家度假胜地是免费的。故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据Golden Village Palms RV Resort部分中的“This RV park offers a big pool，outdoor barbecues，a lending library and even free coffee! ”可知，金村棕榈野营车度假村提供免费咖啡。故选C项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据Forge Adirondack部分中的“It offers snowmobiling which is popular with most tourists，a snowshoe track，boat rentals and even horseback riding(它提供受大多数游客欢迎的雪地摩托、雪靴跑道、船只租赁，甚至骑马！)！”可知，Forge Adirondack的雪地摩托车吸引了最多的游客。故选C项。
B
If you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener，the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plants.
The Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted plant that it carries on top of its head.Using light and heat sensors，the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight.If the houseplant needs more sun，the Hexa will walk into the sunlight；and if the houseplant is getting too hot，the Hexa will go back into the area that blocks direct light.The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner.
The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014．“Plants only receive an action without responding，” Sun Tianqi wrote in a blog post.“Whether they are being cut，bitten，burned or pulled from the earth，or when they haven’t received enough sunshine，water，or are too hot or cold，they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them.”
According to Sun Tianqi，for billions of years，plants have never experienced movement of any kind，not even the simplest movement.In their whole lives，they stick to where they were born.Sun Tianqi continued，“Do they want to break their own settings or have a tendency towards this？I do not know the answer，but I would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants.With the help of the robot，plants can experience the move.”
The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale，though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model.It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants.
( )4．What can we learn about the Hexa Plant
A．It helps indoor plants get proper sunlight.
B．It waters the plants through dancing.
C．It helps people do some gardening.
D．It carries the potted plant with its hands.
( )5．What does the underlined word “blocks” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Hides. B．Collects.
C．Prevents. D．Receives.
( )6．What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3
A．The way plants spend their whole lives.
B．The common way people deal with plants.
C．The difference between plants and humans.
D．The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper.
( )7．What does Sun Tianqi try to do using this technology
A．To develop gardening skills.
B．To draw people’s attention to plants.
C．To make plants experience move.
D．To study the living conditions of plants.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Vincross的工程师和创始人孙天奇研发的一款可以照顾室内植物的机器人Hexa Plant。
4．A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Using light and heat sensors，the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight.If the houseplant needs more sun，the Hexa will walk into the sunlight(使用光和热传感器，机器人有能力携带它的植物进入和离开日光。如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa Plant就会走到阳光下)...”可知，Hexa Plant能帮助室内植物获得适当的阳光。故选A项。
5．C 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Using light and heat sensors，the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out of the daylight.If the houseplant needs more sun，the Hexa will walk into the sunlight；and if the houseplant is getting too hot(利用光和热传感器，该机器人有能力在日光下或日光下携带植物。如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa会走向阳光；如果室内植物太热了)...”可知，Hexa Plant能帮助室内植物获得适当的阳光。由此可知，如果室内植物需要更多的阳光，Hexa会走向阳光，那么如果室内植物太热了，Hexa也会把植物带到能够阻挡阳光直射的地方。由此推知，画线词blocks与prevents(阻碍、阻止)意思相近。故选C项。
6．D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014(该机器人是由Vincross工程师和创始人孙天奇在2014年看到一朵向日葵死在黑暗的房间里后开发的。).”可知，本段主要介绍机器人开发的原因。故选D项。
7．C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“I do not know the answer，but I would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants. With the help of the robot，plants can experience the move(我不知道答案，但我想尝试与植物分享一些人类的倾向和技术。在机器人的帮助下，植物可以体验到这种移动。).”可知，孙天奇想要用这项技术让植物体验移动。故选C项。
C
Replacing the meat and dairy products that make up a typical European diet with laboratory-grown produce could cut food-related greenhouse gases，as well as water and land use，by over 80 percent，a new study suggests.Food production has huge environmental impacts，creating more than a third of all greenhouse gas emissions(排放).
To assess ways to reduce this impact，Rachel Mazac at the University of Helsinkiin Finland and her colleagues have studied the potential effects of switching to “novel and future foods”．“What we are looking at are foods that are novel in their production technology，like cultured meat or cultured milk，” says Mazac.Her team used the analyses to calculate the potential benefits of switching to these foods assuming people are willing to do so，compared with foods that are typically consumed in Europe.
The results suggest that an “optimised diet” of novel foods could cut greenhouse emissions by 83 percent，water use by 84 percent and land use by 87 percent.“We are seeing some pretty significant reductions in impacts，” says Mazac.The team also found that switching to a vegan (素食的) diet had the similar effect.But switching to lab-grown meat，rather than a vegan diet，could allow many people to eat foods that are more like their current diet.“It would be a way for someone to consume their fast-food burger，but save on land use and water use and global warming potential，” says Mazac.
Speaking of the results，Tim Lang at City University of London，says: “It’s almost too good to be true.” If the findings are correct，the research has important policy implications(启示)，he says.But Lang thinks the environmental benefits won’t come about through consumers making voluntary changes to their diet.They will only play out if governments and companies essentially force these foods on people，he says.
( )8．How does the author introduce the topic in Paragraph 1
A．By comparing facts. B．By voicing opinions.
C．By releasing figures. D．By reporting findings.
( )9．What can be inferred from the research led by Mazac
A．People tend to welcome novel foods enthusiastically.
B．A new way is used to assess the benefits of novel foods.
C．Novel foods are not likely to affect people’s eating habits.
D．Water and land use is on the rise in novel food production.
( )10．What is Lang’s attitude towards the future of novel foods
A．Doubtful. B．Critical.
C．Optimistic. D．Responsible.
( )11．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Less Meat，Fewer Problems B．Novel Foods，Greener Planet
C．Lab-grown Meat: Best Choice Food D．Future Foods: Healthy Diet
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，用实验室培育的农产品取代构成典型欧洲饮食的肉类和奶制品，可以减少80%以上与食物相关的温室气体，以及水和土地的使用。
8．D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Replacing the meat and dairy products that make up a typical European diet with laboratory-grown produce could cut food-related greenhouse gases，as well as water and land use，by over 80 percent，a new study suggests.”可知，作者是通过报道研究发现来介绍第一段的主题的。故选D项。
9．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But switching to lab-grown meat，rather than a vegan diet，could allow many people to eat foods that are more like their current diet.”可知，从马扎克领导的研究中可以推断出，新型食品不大可能影响人们的饮食习惯。故选C项。
10．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Lang thinks the environmental benefits won’t come about through consumers making voluntary changes to their diet.They will only play out if governments and companies essentially force these foods on people，he says.”可知，对于未来的新型食品，朗的态度是怀疑的。故选A项。
11．B 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Replacing the meat and dairy products that make up a typical European diet with laboratory-grown produce could cut food-related greenhouse gases，as well as water and land use，by over 80 percent，a new study suggests.”可知，本文主要讲的是用实验室培育的农产品取代构成典型欧洲饮食的肉类和奶制品，可以减少80%以上与食物相关的温室气体，以及水和土地的使用，也就是可以更环保。因此，最好的标题是B项“Novel Foods，Greener Planet(新型食品，绿色地球)”。故选B项。
D
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)When John Todd was a child，he loved to explore the woods around his house，observing how nature solved problems.A dirty stream，for example，often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older，John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in college，John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals？With the right combination of animals and plants，he figured，maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥).First，he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little，these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks，John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years，John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou，a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
( )12．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of travelling. B．He enjoyed being alone.
C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor.
( )13．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem.
C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine.
( )14．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A．To review John’s research plans.
B．To show an application of John’s idea.
C．To compare John’s different jobs.
D．To erase doubts about John’s invention.
( )15．What is the basis for John’s work
A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive.
C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·托德从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用大自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
12．C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱。根据第二段中的“After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in college，John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)？Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)？”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C项。
13．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After a few weeks，John added the sludge.”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水。).”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D项。
14．B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years，John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou，a city in southeast China(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1 600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。).”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B项。
15．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统发展自己的自我修复方式。).”可知，约翰工作的基础是大自然可以自我修复。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
For more than 60 years，Lego blocks have sparked children’s imagination.__16__ They are called Lego Braille Bricks.Lego Braille Bricks are designed to help people learn Braille.That’s a system of writing in which letters are represented by raised dots.Blind people use their fingertips to read them.
According to the World Health Organisation，there are 36 million blind people.It is estimated，however，that in the US only 10% of blind children learn Braille.__17__ The small knobs on the bricks are arranged as Braille letters.Blind children can use these knobs to learn Braille.Lego plans to launch the Braille Bricks next year.For some schools，they will be free.Along with the alphabet，the bricks will feature numbers and math symbols.
The Danish Association of the Blind first came up with the idea of using Lego bricks to teach Braille.In 2011，the group shared the idea with the Lego Foundation.Thorkild Olesen，who is the president of the group，is blind.He says many teachers don’t have the tools and skills to teach Braille.__18__
“Like any other people，we need to express ourselves in writing，” Olesen said.“Audio is great.__19__ Braille is the single most important tool for us in order to learn to spell correctly，write and gain literacy like sighted people.” Olesen told the toy maker that the knobs on Legos are similar Braille letters.
Stine Storm is a project manager at the Lego Foundation.She liked the idea of making Legos a learning tool.“It was an obvious match for us，” she says.The bricks will also have letters printed on them.__20__ “We will have to commit to making inclusion a priority，” Storm says.
A．The skills children learn from Legos are important and unbelievable.
B．But it can never replace Braille.
C．Now a new version of these toys is in the works.
D．In this way，sighted and blind kids can play with the Legos together.
E．They’re being tested around the world.
F．So they teach with audio tools，such as audio books.
G．Lego Braille Bricks can help change that.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乐高积木的一款新产品，这款新产品是针对盲人设计的，可以更好地帮助他们学习盲文。
16．C 根据后文“They are called Lego Braille Bricks.Lego Braille Bricks are designed to help people learn Braille.That’s a system of writing in which letters are represented by raised dots.Blind people use their fingertips to read them.”可知，这是在介绍乐高的一款新产品。C项“Now a new version of these toys is in the works (现在这些玩具的一个新版本正在制作中。).”符合语境。故选C项。
17．G 根据上文“According to the World Health Organisation，there are 36 million blind people.It is estimated，however，that in the US only 10% of blind children learn Braille.”可知，只有极少数的盲童在学习盲文，所以需要改变这一现象。G项“Lego Braille Bricks can help change that(乐高盲文积木可以帮助改变这一点。).”符合语境。故选G项。
18．F 根据上文中的“He says many teachers don’t have the tools and skills to teach Braille.”可知，教视障儿童的老师没有其他工具来教学生，只能借助一些有声书。F项“So they teach with audio tools，such as audio books(所以他们用音频工具教学，比如有声书。).”符合语境。故选F项。
19．B 根据上文，盲文老师没有其他工具来教学生，只能借助一些有声书。但是有声书没有办法教学生写作。又根据下文中的“Braille is the single most important tool for us in order to learn to spell correctly，write and gain literacy like sighted people.”可知，有声书是没有办法代替盲文的。B项“But it can never replace Braille(但它无法代替盲文。).”符合语境。故选B项。
20．D 根据上文“The bricks will also have letters printed on them.”可知，除了视力正常的孩子能玩之外，盲人孩子也可以通过触摸玩具上的字母来玩耍。D项“In this way，sighted and blind kids can play with the Legos together(通过这种方式，视力正常和失明的孩子可以一起玩乐高。).”符合语境。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
We live in a world increasingly dominated by science.Since elementary school，I have always __21__ subjects like science and math.To me，these subjects，full of discoveries and __22__，seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities.And I always __23__ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English.If there was no right __24__ I thought，why bother？But recently，I had an __25__ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.
Before I entered the classroom，I was __26__．I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations __27__ intended to reflect on the meaning of life.But what I got was something quite __28__．
A young man in jeans，Mr Jones — “but you can call me Rob” — was far from the white-haired，buttoned-up old man I had __29__．Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points，Rob __30__ us on our level.To talk free will，we looked at our own __31__．To talk morals，we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves.By the end of class，I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most __32__ ones.
It __33__ me that if I let go of my __34__，I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.The class taught me — in more ways than one — to look at things with a(n) __35__ mind.
( )21．A．chosen B．evaluated
C．favoured D．avoided
( )22．A．formulas B．puzzles
C．challenges D．innovations
( )23．A．automatically B．consciously
C．accurately D．impatiently
( )24．A．reason B．answer
C．method D．direction
( )25．A．surprise B．experience
C．incident D．adventure
( )26．A．hopeful B．confident
C．doubtful D．nervous
( )27．A．supposedly B．mistakenly
C．naturally D．previously
( )28．A．unique B．common
C．different D．strange
( )29．A．mentioned B．encountered
C．expected D．missed
( )30．A．engaged B．tested
C．persuaded D．invited
( )31．A．choices B．abilities
C．obstacles D．doubts
( )32．A．objective B．effective
C．encouraging D．appealing
( )33．A．confused B．struck
C．warned D．convinced
( )34．A．pride B．concern
C．assessment D．prejudice
( )35．A．open B．strong
C．sharp D．ready
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，科学和数学这样的学科比人文学科更加灵活，并不是固定不变的。
21．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学以后，我就喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。chosen选择；evaluated评估；favoured喜欢；avoided避免。根据下文中的“To me，these subjects，full of discoveries and ___22__，seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities.”可知，作者喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。故选C项。
22．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这些充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用。 formulas公式；puzzles困惑；challenges挑战；innovations创新。根据上文中的“these subjects，full of discoveries”可知，在作者看来，科学和数学这样的学科是充满了发现的，所以是有创新的。故选D项。
23．A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且，我总是自然而然地认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。 automatically不知不觉地，自然而然地；consciously有意识地，自觉地；accurately准确地；impatiently毫无耐心地。根据上文中的“To me，these subjects，full of discoveries and __22__ seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities.”和下文中的“thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English”可知，作者一直认为充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用。这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然他会认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A项。
24．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，如果没有正确答案，为什么还要麻烦去学习呢？根据倒数第二段中的“By the end of class，I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most __32__ ones.”可知，作者本来以为英语学科很多都是没有正确答案的。故选B项。
25．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是最近，我的一次经历教会我，我的学术兴趣比我想象的更加灵活：我上了我的第一堂哲学课。根据下文中的“Before I entered the classroom，I was __26__．I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations __27__ intended to reflect on the meaning of life.But what I got was something quite __28__．”可知，接下来要讲述的是作者的经历。故选B项。
26．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进入教室之前，我是存有疑虑的。根据下文中的“I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations __27__ intended to reflect on the meaning of life.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是很枯燥的，所以应该是对这门课没有抱有很好的期待，而是充满了疑虑。故选C项。
27．C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想象着进行一些冗长而无聊的谈话，自然而然地就以此来反思生命的意义。supposedly据说；mistakenly错误地；naturally自然而然地；previously以前地。根据上文中的“But recently，I had an __25__ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是不灵活的，所以讨论的问题自然而然就会有对应的结果。故选C项。
28．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我得到的东西确实是有些不同的。根据下文可知，在哲学课上，作者体会到的和想象的不一样，作者之前认为哲学很枯燥，但实际上很有趣。故选C项。
29．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生——“但是你可以叫我罗伯”——与我想象中的那个白头发、系着纽扣的老人大相径庭。根据上文中的“I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations__27__ intended to reflect on the meaning of life.”和“was far from the white-haired，buttoned-up old man”可知，作者在上哲学课之前，认为哲学很无聊，认为老师可能是个白头发、系着纽扣的老人，但是当作者见到老师是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人时感到很惊讶，这是与作者自己料想的不一样。故选C项。
30．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯没有把我们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。根据上文中的“Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points”可知，罗伯没有把作者他们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。故选A项。
31．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：谈到自由意志，我们看到了我们自己的障碍。choices选择；abilities能力；obstacles障碍，阻碍；doubts怀疑。根据下文中的“To talk morals，we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves.”可知，通过那些谈话，作者他们意识到了自己的意志并不是无限自由的，而是有一些阻碍。故选C项。
32．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到课程结束时，我发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的。objective客观的；effective有效的；encouraging令人鼓舞的；appealing吸引人的。根据上文第一段中的“If there was no right __24__，I thought，why bother？”和第二段中的“I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案的是没有意义的，是枯燥无味的；而现在却发现，没有正确答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D项。
33．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果我放弃我的偏见，我实际上可以从曾经不在意的科目中得到很多。confused使困惑；struck突然想到；warned警告；convinced使相信。根据下文中的“that if I let go of my __34__，I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.”可知，这是作者上课之后意识到的内容。故选B项。
34．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上题。pride骄傲；concern担心；assessment评估；prejudice偏见。根据第一段中的“Since elementary school，I have always __21__ subjects like science and math.To me，these subjects，full of discoveries and __22__，seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities.And I always __23__ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English.If there was no right __24__ I thought，why bother？”可知，作者以前对这些学科是有偏见的。故选D项。
35．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这节课教会了我——用不止一种方法——用开放的心态去看待事物。根据上文中的“It __33__ me that if I let go of my __34__，I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
One of the effective ways to make foreign language classes interesting is using educational games，36．________ usually provide fun and increase motivation.
That games are fun seems to be 37．________(universal) accepted.Sometimes games are 38．________ welcome break from the usual routine of the language class.Therefore，some teachers are enthusiastic about games 39．________ a teaching tool and often turn to games.To these teachers，playing games is a very good form to help achieve an active atmosphere where students can acquire knowledge as well as have fun.
Games increase motivation(动机) as well.As 40．________(know)，learning motivation promotes students 41．________(work) for the purpose of achieving some goals.The 42．______(strong) motivation a learner has，the more time he or she will spend 43．________(learn) a second language.Games are motivating because they are amusing and at the same time challenging.In playing games，in order to win，to score points or to beat their competitors，students get highly motivated and 44．________(absorb).They use the target language unconsciously in the process of playing games.Learning is hard work，45．________ games help students a great deal in keeping the effort of learning.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教学游戏在外语课中的重要作用。
36．which 考查定语从句。句意：让外语课变得有趣的有效方法之一是使用教育游戏，它通常提供乐趣并增加动机。分析句子结构可知，“36．________usually provide fun and increase motivation”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“educational games”，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
37．universally 考查副词。句意：游戏的乐趣似乎已被普遍接受。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词修饰动词accepted，作状语，universal意为“普遍的”，其对应的副词为universally，意为“普遍地”。故填universally。
38．a 考查冠词。句意：有时，游戏是语言课常规的一个受欢迎的休息活动。分析句子可知，句中泛指一个受欢迎的休息活动，故应用不定冠词。welcome以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
39．as 考查介词。句意：因此，一些教师热衷于将游戏作为教学工具，并经常求助于游戏。根据句意可知，句中指将游戏“作为”教学工具，故空格处应填介词as。故填as。
40．is known 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：众所周知，学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作。分析句子可知，句子为As引导的非限制性定语从句，从句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。As代指“学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作”这件事，在从句中作主语，与know之间为被动关系，故从句应用一般现在时的被动语态。as is known意为“众所周知”。故填is known。
41．to work 考查动词不定式。句意：众所周知，学习动机促进学生为实现某些目标而工作。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语promote sb to do sth，意为“促使某人做某事”，work作动词意为“工作”，故空格处应填to work。故填to work。
42．stronger 考查形容词比较级。句意：学习者的动机越强，他或她花在学习第二语言上的时间越多。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“the＋形容词比较级，the＋形容词比较级”，意为“越……，越……”，空格处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词motivation。strong意为“强烈的”，其比较级为stronger。故填stronger。
43．learning 考查动词的-ing形式。句意：同上题。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“sb spend some time (in) doing sth”，意为“某人花费时间做某事”。故空处应填learning。故填learning。
44．absorbed 考查形容词。句意：在玩游戏时，为了获胜、得分或击败竞争对手，学生们会变得高度积极和专注。分析句子可知，get为系动词，意为“变得”，后接形容词作表语，absorb的形容词为absorbed意为“专注的，全神贯注的”。故填absorbed。
45．but 考查连词。句意：学习是一项艰苦的工作，但游戏在很大程度上帮助学生保持学习的努力。分析句子可知，句中“学习是一项艰苦的工作”和“游戏在很大程度上帮助学生保持学习的努力”之间为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
随着网络的流行，青少年上网遇到了很多网络安全问题。假定你是李华，你的好友Jack来信向你寻求建议，请你就“安全网络聊天”为话题，给他回一封电子邮件。
内容包括：
1．保护个人隐私；
2．不要点击陌生链接；
3．不要单独与网友见面。
注意：
1．词数80左右；邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack，
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Jack，
Learning that you want to know how to chat safely online，I’m writing to offer you some advice.
First of all，it’s best to protect your privacy and prevent identity theft，which means you shouldn’t give out your address and phone number.Additionally，don’t click on unfamiliar links to keep yourself away from potential dangers.What’s more，never meet online friends alone.If you have to meet him or her，go with your parents or classmates.
I do hope my advice will be of help to you.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
Last weekend，I went to Mark’s new house near a forest for a little get-together.After lunch when I was chatting with him and his wife Cody，he asked me，“Hey，Thora，have you ever been to a secret spot？” Before I could even finish saying no，Cody and Mark were already at the door with their jackets on.And the next moment we were heading out into the forest with a camera，a fishing net and a plastic bucket(桶).
We walked through the forest along a path by a small river.Breathing the fresh air，we three talked and laughed all the way.
“Hey！What are you guys doing？” someone suddenly shouted from behind.Mark and Cody’s eyes immediately widened，and without a word they started running.I had no choice but to follow them，getting my shoes wet and dirty with mud.We probably ran for about 10 minutes before Mark and Cody slowed down.I stopped to catch my breath and asked，“Who was that？”
Mark replied，“The most annoying neighbour ever.There’s no telling what could happen if he caught up with us.He is always making fun of us.I dislike him.” We kept walking on for a few more minutes.Then a beautiful lake appeared before our eyes.“Wow！Amazing！” I shouted and could hardly hold back my excitement.The lake was large and the water was deep and blue，looking so peaceful with tall trees around it.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
Looking around，we saw a boat floating by the shore._________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Looking around，we saw a boat floating by the shore.“How about going boating？”Mark asked.“Good idea，”I agreed.I was excited to find so many fishes in the lake.Before I could say a word，Mark had cast the fishing net into the water.“Look this way.Let me take a photo of you two，” Cody said，taking out the camera.Hearing that，I quickly approached Mark.But all of a sudden I lost my balance and fell into the water.
“Help！Help！Help！” I was so frightened and cried for help.__________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
“Help！Help！Help！” I was so frightened and cried for help.However，none of us could swim.Mark and Cody tried to pull me up from the water but failed.Struggling in the water, I was almost exhausted.Suddenly，I felt myself lifted by someone.It was Mark’s neighbour，who followed us there.Without hesitation，he jumped into the water and saved me.
