UNIT 3 Period One
基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This is a fairy ________(故事) written by a famous woman writer in our country.
2．This railway is said to ________(延长) to Guangzhou in the next two years.
3．The two sides are still ________(谈判) the cost of the construction.
4．The ________(舰队) led by Zheng He set off from South China Sea in 1405．
5．They ________(看见) a bright star shining in the sky just at that time.
6．After military service he played some minor ________ (联赛) baseball.
7． A media circus surrounded the ________ (王室的) couple wherever they went.
8．You need to strengthen your ________(联系) with your children.
【答案】1．tale 2．extend 3．negotiating
4．fleets 5．were beholding
6．league 7．royal 8．bonds
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Five ________(Europe) are reported to visit our school next week.
2．Gradually，they came to ________ is known as The Home of Flowers.
3．We’ll have to take measures to promote people’s ________(aware) of environmental protection.
4．The tower is said to be built during ________ Ming Dynasty.
5．This morning I ________(withdraw) some money from the bank.
6．________(do) well in my lessons is the first job I want to do this term.
7．We still have to do a lot to ________(strong) the bonds between China and other countries.
8．The purpose of this lecture is ________(inspire) the students’ desire to learn their lessons well.
9．A ________(negotiate) will be held between the two sides about their border issues.
10．________ the command of the general，all the soldiers jumped out of the trench and rushed to the enemy.
【答案】1．Europeans 2．what 3．awareness
4．the 5．withdrew 6．To do 7．strengthen
8．to inspire 9．negotiation 10．Under
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．He’s the best artist I’ve ever seen.He’s ________________________.
他是我见过的最棒的艺术家。他绝对是傲视群雄。
2．After the College Entrance Examination，we will bid farewell to each other and ____________ for an unknown future.
高考结束后，我们将告别彼此并启航驶向未知的将来。
3．Bill’s parents didn’t agree him to __________________________．
比尔的父母不同意他退学。
4．I sent him a present ________________________________.
我送给他一份礼物以回报他的帮助。
5．We work hard at English so as to ________________________________．
为了精通英语，我们刻苦学习。
【答案】1．in a league of his own 2．set sail
3．withdraw from school
4．in return for his help
5．have a good command of it
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Antarctica’s Thwaites Glacier has been in the spotlight in recent years，as scientists have undertaken a multi-part international project to study the vast glacier from all angles.The urgency comes from observations and analyses showing that the amount of ice flowing from Thwaites — and contributing to sea level rise — has doubled in the past three decades.Scientists think the glacier could witness even more dramatic changes in the near future.
This image pair demonstrates the changes that have occurred since the start of this century.The first image shows the glacier’s floating ice tongue on December 2,2001．The second image shows the glacier on December 28,2019．Both images show the glacier where it exits the land in West Antarctica and stretches over the Amundsen Sea as thick floating ice.Ice that originates on land can raise sea level if it is delivered to the ocean at a faster rate than it is being replaced inland by snowfall.The flow speed of Thwaites has been increasing，while inland snowfall has not changed significantly.
In the past ten years，the tongue has continued to break and separate from the Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf.By the time the 2019 image was acquired，the main tongue had declined greatly，and the ocean in front of Thwaites had become filled with floating ice.
Thwaites pours about 50 billion tons of ice into the ocean each year.That amount is nothing to sneeze at.But for the time being，it’s “still a relatively small amount of sea-level rise，” said Ted Scambos，a scientist at the University of Colorado.“What the satellites are showing us is a glacier coming apart，” said Ted Scambos. “Every few years a new area seems to be letting go and speeding.Like taffy being stretched out，this glacier is being drawn into the ocean.”
( )1．What makes Antarctica’s Thwaites Glacier a focus of attention
A．Scientists’ effort to protect it. B．The rising sea level.
C．Change in floating ice quantity. D．The charm of its vast body.
( )2．What does Paragraph 2 function as
A．An example. B．An explanation.
C．A conclusion. D．A summary.
( )3．How does Ted feel about the future of the glacier
A．Unconcerned. B．Confused.
C．Uncertain. D．Worried.
( )4．In which section of a website can this text be found
A．Energy Frontier. B．Earth Observatory.
C．Climate Action. D．Space Exploration.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了南极洲的思韦茨冰川浮冰量在过去30年里增加了一倍，引起了人们的关注。文章通过两张照片解释了这一变化，并说明了科学家对此的看法。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，浮冰量变化让南极洲的思韦茨冰川成为人们关注的焦点。故选C项。
2．B 推理判断题。根据第二段可推知，第二段的作用是解释第一段所指的变化。故选B项。
3．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘What the satellites are showing us is a glacier coming apart，’ said Ted Scambos.‘Every few years a new area seems to be letting go and speeding.Like taffy being stretched out，this glacier is being drawn into the ocean.’”可推知，泰德对冰川的未来感到担忧。故选D项。
4．C 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段可知，本文主要说明了南极洲的思韦茨冰川浮冰量在过去30年里增加了一倍，引起了人们的关注。文章解释了这一变化，并说明了科学家对此的看法。由此可推知，文章可能选自网站的“气候行动”部分。故选C项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Some years ago，I was extremely sick.I had already been in hospital without __1__ for so long that I became deeply discouraged.Day after day，the doctors would __2__in my room，bringing bad news.It seemed like life would be over.
That afternoon，a volunteer came into my room with a __3__．We made small talks.I told him how __4__ I was for some time.He said，“I’ve come today to tell you that you are not to lose hope.” He set the container filled with snacks on my bedside table before leaving.
For the first time，I fell into a sound sleep.When I __5__，I thought I had had a great dream.Then I saw the container.I __6__that it was all real.
After my visitor came，something __7__inside me.The same doctors came in with the same __8__ news each day，but it no longer __9__ me the same way.I had not been given new __10__，but I had been given hope，and it was the most __11__ medicine of all.Eventually，I __12__．
It has been many years now，but I still __13__ that snack container.It is a permanent __14__ through all the challenges of life to never give up.The snacks are long gone，but the container is not empty.It is filled with __15__.
( )1．A．doctors B．roommates
C．assistants D．visitors
( )2．A．work out B．stay up
C．show up D．stand out
( )3．A．container B．letter
C．bill D．parcel
( )4．A．grateful B．desperate
C．curious D．guilty
( )5．A．rested B．escaped
C．awoke D．survived
( )6．A．admitted B．predicted
C．expected D．realised
( )7．A．stayed B．changed
C．occurred D．faded
( )8．A．false B．local
C．awful D．joyful
( )9．A．ignored B．benefited
C．restricted D．affected
( )10．A．medicine B．information
C．methods D．diseases
( )11．A．natural B．powerful
C．complex D．creative
( )12．A．returned B．accepted
C．recovered D．continued
( )13．A．seek B．pack
C．share D．keep
( )14．A．reward B．reminder
C．device D．shame
( )15．A．hope B．gifts
C．challenges D．money
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者得了重病，在住院期间，医生总是带来不好的消息，没有人来看望他，他精神非常抑郁。一位志愿者带着一盒点心来看他，并且鼓励他不要放弃希望。在志愿者的精神鼓励下，作者恢复了健康并且把那个盒子珍藏至今。
1．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经在医院待了这么长时间，没有访客，我变得非常沮丧。由下文的“for so long that I became deeply discouraged.”和文章主要讲述访客对他的影响可知，作者住院很长时间，但是没有来访者，所以感到很沮丧。故选D项。
2．C 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：日复一日，医生会带着坏消息出现在我的房间。A．work out算出，解决出；B．stay up熬夜；C．show up出现，露面；D．stand out突出。根据倒数第二段的“The same doctors came in with the same ___8___ news each day...”可知，此处是医生出现在作者房间里告诉作者一些关于他身体状况的消息。故选C项。
3．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意： 那天下午，一个志愿者拿着一个容器来到我的房间。根据第二段的“He set the container filled with snacks on my bedside table before leaving.”可知，他拿了一个装有零食的容器。故选A项。
4．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我有一段时间非常绝望。A．grateful高兴的；B．desperate绝望的；C．curious好奇的；D．guilty内疚的。根据下文的“‘I’ve come today to tell you that you are not to lose hope.’”和上文提到的作者住院没人来看望他，且医生经常带给他一些关于他身体状况的坏消息可知，作者感到绝望。故选B项。
5．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我醒来时，我以为我做了一场大梦。根据前文的“I fell into a sound sleep”可知，此处指作者醒来。故选C项。
6．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到这一切都是真的。根据前文的“Then I saw the container.”可知，作者本来以为在是做梦，但是作者看到那个容器后意识到这一切都是真实的。故选D项。
7．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的访客来了之后，我的内心发生了变化。A．stayed停留；B．changed改变；C．occurred发生；D．faded褪色。根据后文的“...but it no longer ___9___ me the same way.”可知，作者的内心发生了变化，不再感到绝望。故选B项。
8．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样的医生每天带着同样可怕的消息进来，但它不再以同样的方式影响我。根据第一段的“Day after day，the doctors would __2__ in my room，bringing bad news.”可知，此处指医生们带来不好的消息。故选C项。
9．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上题。A．ignored忽视；B．benefited使受益；C．restricted限制；D．affected影响。由but可知，前后是转折关系。前文提到，医生带来坏消息时，作者的心情非常低落。但是此时作者心态发生了变化，因此，医生带来的消息不会像以前那样影响到作者。故选D项。
10．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有得到新的药物，但我得到了希望，这是所有药物中最有效的一种。根据下文的“it was the most __11__ medicine of all”可知，虽然作者没有用新的药，但是却有了希望，这是最好的良药。故选A项。
11．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上题。A．natural自然的；B．powerful强大的，有效的；C．complex复杂的；D．creative有创造力的。根据语境可知，希望是治愈作者的关键，所以是最有效的药。故选B项。
12．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，我恢复了。上文提到一位陌生访客来看作者，鼓励作者，所以在精神鼓励下，最终的结果是作者康复了。故选C项。
13．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然已经过去很多年了，但我仍然保留着那个零食盒。A．seek寻找；B．pack打包；C．share分享；D．keep保持。根据下文对容器即零食盒的描述“The snacks are long gone，but the container is not empty.”可知，作者仍然保留着那个容器，即零食盒。故选D项。
14．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它一直在提醒我，克服所有的生活挑战，永远不要放弃。A．reward酬劳；B．reminder提醒物；C．device设备；D．shame羞愧。由下文的“through all the challenges of life to never give up.”可知，作者一直珍藏这个点心盒，它可以作为一个提醒物，让作者在生活中永不放弃。故选B项。
15．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它里面装满了希望。由上文的“It is a permanent___14__through all the challenges of life to never give up.”和文章提到陌生访客的到来给了作者希望，让作者康复了。此处是文章结尾，用“hope(希望)”点题。故选A项。UNIT 3 Period Two
基础练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The troops have been ________(withdraw) from their position.
2．She has devoted most of her time to ________(promote) the local people’s life.
3．Mike has been a ________(profession) football player since the year before last.
4．There was a great round of ________ (applaud) when the dance ended.
5．Li Ming was the last person ________(take) the driving test this morning.
6．They looked at him with a ________(mix) of horror，envy，and awe.
7．The composition is well written except ________ the poor handwriting.
8．It remains ________(see) whether this plan is perfect or not.
【答案】1．withdrawn 2．promoting
3．professional 4．applause 5．to take
6．mixture 7．for 8．to be seen
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The business __________________ was approaching some kind of climax.
这件正在处理中的事情正接近某种关键时刻。
2．There is __________________ an old pair of shoes in the bag.
这个包里除了一双旧鞋子外什么也没有。
3．It is still not clear ______________________ the manager will accept my suggestion.
经理是否接受我的建议还不清楚。
4．Of all racers，Mr Brown is the oldest person ________________ the race.
布朗先生是参赛者当中年龄最大的运动员。
5．The chairman announced a new regulation ____________________________________．
在记者招待会上，主席宣布了一项新的法规。
【答案】1．in hand 2．nothing except/but
3．whether (or not) 4．to attend
5．at the press conference
Ⅲ.单元语法专项填空
Research has become both simpler and more complex. It’s simpler because，if you have a computer，you can find information you need by 1．________(search) the Internet. For all your information，you don’t have to go to the library 2．________(find) the relevant resources and 3．________(take) notes on it. Instead，you can find some sources from the Internet and print the copies 4．________(need). Remember，however，that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is，you shouldn’t always rely just on the Internet for your research.
While 5．________(find) information is easier than ever，at the same time，6．________ (research) has become more complex. There is a lot more material available，which means you may be 7．________(overwhelm) with the amount of information. You need to learn how 8．________(sort) through and 9．________(find) the relevant information for your particular project. Also，you need 10．________(check).
【答案】1．searching 2．to find 3．take
4．needed 5．finding 6．research(ing)
7．overwhelmed 8．to sort 9．find
10．to check
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Arctic，Atlantic，Indian and Pacific are the four oceans we learnt about in the geography class.But now we have a new ocean.On World Oceans Day，which falls on June 8,2021，the US National Geographic Society，a non-profit scientific and educational organisation，announced it would recognise the Southern Ocean in Antarctica，bringing the global total to five.
Unlike the Arctic，Atlantic，Indian and Pacific Oceans which are defined(划分) by the continents that bound them，the Southern Ocean is instead characterised by the Antarctic ocean currents and temperatures.According to the National Geographic，the Southern Ocean includes most of the waters surrounding Antarctica out to 60 degrees south latitude.
Those familiar with the Southern Ocean know it’s unlike any other.“Anyone who has been there will struggle to explain what’s so fascinating about it，but they’ll all agree that the glaciers are bluer，the air colder，the mountains more mysterious and the landscapes more beautiful than anywhere else you can go，” Seth Sykora-Bodie，a marine scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，told National Geographic.
Due to the ecologically distinct environment of the Southern Ocean，it’s home to thousands of unique species.The ocean also has wider ecological effects.National Geographic hopes their revised maps will bring public awareness to the region，thereby encouraging Southern Ocean conservation — but its significance is beyond that.“We think it’s really important from an educational standpoint，as well as from a map-labelling standpoint，to bring attention to the Southern Ocean as a fifth ocean，” Alex Tait，National Geographic Society geographer，told The Post.“So when students learn about parts of the ocean world，they learn it’s an interconnected ocean，and they learn there are these regions called oceans that are really important，and there’s a distinct one in the icy waters around Antarctica.”
( )1．What was special about World Oceans Day in 2021
A．US National Geographic Society announced a study.
B．Another ocean besides the four oceans was recognised.
C．Students could know about the interconnected ocean.
D．It had strengthened the marine environmental protection.
( )2．What does Seth Sykora-Bodie think of the Southern Ocean
A．Unique. B．Rich.
C．Crowded. D．Vast.
( )3．What is the significance of rewriting maps
A．Making the world maps more believable.
B．Acquiring geographical knowledge correctly.
C．Knowing the Southern Ocean as a fifth ocean.
D．Having a better understanding of the five oceans.
( )4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Southern Ocean and Other Four Oceans
B．The Southern Ocean’s Amazing Environment
C．The Southern Ocean: Well Worth Visiting Once More
D．The Southern Ocean: Probably to Be the Fifth Ocean
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。美国国家地理学会宣布，南极洲周围海域将被称为南大洋，并正式承认南大洋为地球第五大洋。南大洋有望与世界公认的四大洋——大西洋、太平洋、印度洋和北冰洋——并称为“世界五大洋”。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... the US National Geographic Society，a non-profit scientific and educational organisation，announced it would recognise the Southern Ocean in Antarctica，bringing the global total to five.”可知，世界第五大洋在2021年世界海洋日这一天被承认，这是最特别和不同的。故选B项。
2．A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘Anyone who has been there will struggle to...than anywhere else you can go’”可知，Seth Sykora-Podie认为南大洋是独特的。故选A项。
3．C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“National Geographic hopes their revised maps will bring public awareness to the region...”和“‘...to bring attention to the Southern Ocean as a fifth ocean’”可知，修改地图是为了让人们注意到第五大洋的存在。故选C项。
4．D 标题推测题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“But now we have a new ocean.On World Oceans Day，June 8,2021，the US National Geographic Society，a non-profit scientific and educational organisation，announced it would recognise the Southern Ocean in Antarctica，bringing the global total to five.”可知，本文讲的是南大洋有望与世界公认的四大洋——大西洋、太平洋、印度洋和北冰洋——并称为“世界五大洋”。故选D项。
Ⅱ.七选五
People all have good days and bad days.And some of the bad days happen due to events beyond your control.__1__ One way to increase the possibility that you have a good day is to join in “gratification(喜悦)” activities which you enjoy and that you’re good at.__2__ However，if you don’t have the type of job，you can take part in other activities and find the same result.
__3__ There are many little pleasures you can add to your life，such as tea，a warm bath，a walk in the park and so on.As long as you enjoy them，they can really brighten your every day.Laughter is also part of having a good day.That’s why it’s important to do what you can to create joy for yourself.__4__ After all，if you are humorous，you can more easily centre on fun things.
If you don’t have much time，one way can be used during a stressful day.__5__ You should achieve this by making your plan flexible and checking that everything in your plan is necessary.Being busy is okay，but wasting time and energy on too many unnecessary things can just lead to stress.
A．Often, bad days come from overweight stress.
B．Some people experience joy and happiness at work.
C．Good moods enable us to notice more chances.
D．Life’s pleasures are also able to add a quick lift to your mood.
E．However, people do have power in creating better days.
F．So it’s important — especially if you’re a busy person — to stay balanced.
G．Besides, developing a sense of humour also helps you have a good day.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。每个人都有好日子和坏日子。文章主要论述了怎么才能增加好日子可能性的方法。
1．E 根据前句“And some of the bad days happen due to events beyond your control.”和后面的内容可知，有些糟糕的日子是由于你无法控制的事情而发生的。空格后阐述增加你拥有美好一天的可能性的一种方法是参加你喜欢并擅长的“喜悦”活动。由此推断这里发生了转折，E项“然而，人们确实有能力创造更美好的日子。”符合语境，故选E项。
2．B 根据后句“However，if you don’t have the type of job，you can take part in other activities and find the same result(然而，如果你没有这类工作，你可以参加其他活动，并找到同样的结果。).”可推断出，有些人在工作中体验快乐和幸福。故选B项。
3．D 根据后句“There are many little pleasures you can add to your life，such as tea，a warm bath，a walk in the park and so on(你可以给你的生活增添许多小乐趣，比如喝茶、泡个热水澡、在公园散步等等。).”可知，这里主要论述生活中的乐趣。因此生活中的乐趣也能快速提升你的情绪。故选D项。
4．G 根据后句“After all，if you are humorous，you can more easily centre on fun things(毕竟如果你是幽默的，你可以更容易集中在有趣的事情上。).”可知，因此培养幽默感也有助于你度过美好的一天。故选G项。
5．F 根据前句“If you don’t have much time，one way can be used during a stressful day(如果你没有太多的时间，有一种方法可以在压力很大的一天里使用。).”并抓住关键词“don’t have much time”可知，保持平衡很重要。故选F项。UNIT 3 Period Three
基础练
Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空
1．We hoped ________(catch) the early bus，but it had left before we got there.
2．Mike is always the first person ________(arrive) at the office every day.
3．This traffic accident was reported ________(kill) three people，including two students.
4．My brother preferred ________(take) a taxi rather than drive his own car.
5．Have you checked all the machines ________(send) to Tibet next month
6．—Have you got anything ________(take) there
—No，I’ll go there myself.Thank you just the same.
7．I’m too busy now.Would you please get someone ________(do) my washing up
8．Why did the teacher ________(write) an article for the wall-newspaper
9．Our patience ________(tax) to the limit already.
10．Customers pay for the app ________(log) on and gossip with other users.
11．She won her first victory，a victory that ________(applaud) by the public.
12．When the client ________(murder)，his wife took the rap(承担责任)，but did she really do it
【答案】1．to have caught 2．to arrive
3．to have killed 4．to take 5．to be sent
6．to be taken 7．to do 8．write
9．has been taxed 10．to log
11．was applauded 12．was murdered
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Lots of birds are killed on their annual ________(migrate) trip.
2．I’m sorry，but I really didn’t mean ________(hurt) you.
3．Wasting your time means ________(kill) yourself with your own hand.
4．The earthquake occurred all of a sudden，________(cost) the lives of more than one thousand.
5．The meeting will be put off until ________(far) notice because the manager is ill.
6．Lily not only does well in her lessons ________ also plays the piano well.
7．She is an indifferent woman and seldom shows mercy ________ other people.
8．The earth is home ________ not only men but also millions of other creatures.
9．This company is still in the ________(possess) of Mr Wang，not his brother.
10．________(hope)，humans will be able to live more than one hundred years.
【答案】1．migration 2．to hurt 3．killing
4．costing 5．further 6．but 7．to 8．to
9．possession 10．Hopefully
提升练
阅读理解
A
The world’s oceans are some of the most interesting and breathtaking places on the entire planet.A lot of these oceans have witnessed a variety of disappearances and other mysteries，most of which cannot and have not been explained by modern science.Here are some interesting unsolved sea mysteries of the world.
USS Scorpion
In February 1969，the USS Scorpion，an American submarine，departed from Norfolk，Virginia，on its way towards the Mediterranean. The crew had almost a decade of experience，and yet the sub disappeared and broke into pieces on the sea floor.There were 99 men aboard the sub，all of whom lost their lives.
Baltic Sea Sub
In the later half of 2014，a mysterious vessel(大船) was spotted by Swedish citizens，many of whom described it as a Russian submarine，in the Baltic Sea.The military spent much time in investigating，but found no sign of the mysterious sub.The search was named “the hunt for Reds in October”．
Bermeja Island
During the 1970s，Bermeja Island served as a bit of a marker for Mexico and their economic zone.Around 20 years later，the island disappeared without any sign. Along with the island，numerous important documents about major oil reserves also went missing.
Gulf of Mexico Shipwreck
In 2001，ExxonMobil was laying pipeline in the Gulf of Mexico when they ran into a shipwreck around 2,600 feet under the surface.Upon exploring the shipwreck，archaeologists believed it to be a terrible spell，as something would constantly go wrong when they went down to explore.
SS Edmund Fitzgerald
Lake Superior is so large that it behaves like an inland ocean，including terrific storms.In November 1975，one such storm struck the vessel SS Edmund Fitzgerald，which was headed to Detroit.The Fitzgerald disappeared after communications were lost.A week later，a sonar(声呐) ship found the vessel 500 feet under the water.Not one body was found，though.
( )1．Why does the author think of USS Scorpion as a mystery
A．Because 99 men died aboard the sub.
B．Because it lost its way towards the Mediterranean.
C．Because the sub still sank even with experienced crew.
D．Because there is no information of the unknown sub.
( )2．What do Baltic Sea Sub and Gulf of Mexico Shipwreck have in common
A．Both are highly likely put on a bad spell.
B．Both the names of the vessels are unknown.
C．Both are found on the beaches.
D．Both are said to be Russian vessels.
( )3．Which mystery is different from the others
A．SS Edmund Fitzgerald.
B．Bermeja Island.
C．Gulf of Mexico Shipwreck.
D．USS Scorpion.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。世界上的海洋是整个地球上最有趣和最令人惊叹的地方之一。这些海洋中有很多已经见证了各种各样的失踪和其他神秘事件，其中大多数不能也没有被现代科学所解释。文章主要介绍了世界上一些有趣的未解之谜。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第二段可知船员们几乎有10年的经验，但这艘潜艇还是消失了，在海底摔成了碎片。由此可知，作者认为蝎子号是一个谜，是因为即使有经验丰富的船员，潜水艇还是沉没了。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知2014年下半年，一艘神秘的船只在波罗的海被瑞典公民发现，其中许多人将其描述为一艘俄罗斯潜艇。以及第五段可知2001年，埃克森美孚公司在墨西哥湾铺设输油管道时，在海底2 600英尺处沉船了。在探索海难时，考古学家认为这是一个可怕的咒语，因为当他们下去探索时，总会有东西出错。由此可知，波罗的海潜艇和墨西哥湾沉船共同之处是都不知道两艘船的名字。故选B项。
3．B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知大约20年后，这个岛消失得无影无踪。除了这座岛屿，大量关于主要石油储备的重要文件也消失了。结合其他的谜团都是关于船只的，由此可知，Bermeja岛的谜团与其他的不同。故选B项。
B
A Portland，Oregon man has become the first person to travel across Antarctica by himself without receiving any assistance.
Colin O’Brady has completed the 1,500-kilometre trip.He crossed the continent in 54 days.Friends，family and other people followed his progress through messages and pictures he left on social media.
O’Brady spoke with his wife Jenna Besaw by telephone soon after he completed the journey.“It was an emotional call，” she said.“He seemed overwhelmed by love and appreciation，and he really wanted to say ‘thank you’ to all of us.”
The 33-year-old O’Brady documented the trip on the social networking services Instagram.He called his journey “The Impossible First”．He wrote that he travelled the last 129 kilometres in one big，final push to the finish line.The distance took over one day to complete.O’Brady wrote，“While the last 32 hours were some of the most challenging hours of my life，they have quite honestly been some of the best moments I have ever experienced.”
The day before，he wrote that he was “in the zone” and thought he could make it to the end without stopping.“I was listening to my body and taking care of the details to keep myself safe，” he wrote.“I called home and talked to my mom，sister and wife.I promised them I would stop when I need to.”
Other people have travelled across Antarctica，but they all had some form of assistance.They either had better，more plentiful supplies or devices that helped move them forward.
In 2016，British explorer Henry Worsley died in his attempt to travel alone across Antarctica unassisted.Worsley’s friend Louis Rudd，also from Britain，is attempting an unaided solo journey in Worsley’s honour.He was competing against O’Brady to be the first to do it.Besaw told the Associated Press that her husband plans to stay in Antarctica until Rudd finishes his trip.
( )4．What did O’Brady think of his journey in Antarctica
A．It was pleasant.
B．It was discouraging.
C．It was impossible to complete.
D．It was hard to complete.
( )5．What did O’Brady promise his family
A．Making sure of his safety.
B．Trying to achieve the goal.
C．Keeping in touch with them.
D．Stopping the travel halfway.
( )6．Why does O’Brady still remain in Antarctica
A．To wait for another explorer.
B．To compete with others.
C．To help other explorers.
D．To make his victory recognised.
( )7．What might be a suitable title for the text
A．The Antarctic Continent
B．The Impossible First
C．Travelling in Antarctica
D．An Incomplete Journey
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。O’Brady成为第一个在没有任何帮助的情况下独自穿越南极洲的人。文章讲述了他穿越南极遇到的困难和克服困难穿越南极洲的过程。
4．D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He called his journey ‘The Impossible First’. He wrote that he travelled the last 129 kilometres in one big，final push to the finish line.The distance took over one day to complete.O’Brady wrote，‘While the last 32 hours were some of the most challenging hours of my life ...’”可知，O’Brady的南极之旅很困难，很有挑战性，他认为很难完成。故选D项。
5．A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“‘I was listening to my body and taking care of the details to keep myself safe’”和“‘I called home and talked to my mom，sister and wife.I promised them I would stop when I need to.’”可知，O’Brady答应家人自己会注意安全。故选A项。
6．A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Besaw told the Associated Press that her husband plans to stay in Antarctica until Rudd finishes his trip.”可知，O’Brady仍然留在南极洲没回来是在等待另一个探险者Rudd。故选A项。
7．B 标题归纳题。第一段提到，O’Brady成为第一个在没有任何帮助的情况下独自穿越南极洲的人。下文讲述了他穿越南极遇到的困难和克服困难穿越南极洲的过程。第四段提到，“He called his journey ‘The Impossible First’．”O’Brady称自己的旅程为“不可能的第一”，“The Impossible First”能概括全文，适合作为标题。这次旅行O’Brady成功完成了，D项表达与原文不符；本文不是在讲述南极洲或普通的南极之旅，A项、C项不能概括文章内容。故选B项。UNIT 3 Period Four
基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．How much space is each ______________(目录) in the filesystem using
2．Mr Li soon defeated his ________(对手) with his sharp words and won the speech competition in the end.
3．The captain carefully ________(记录) what had happened on the voyage every day.
4．The young man was taken away by the police because he was under suspicion of ____________(谋杀).
5．The thief was ________(逮捕) by the police last week for stealing things in the shop.
【答案】1．directory 2．opponent 3．logged
4．murder 5．arrested
Ⅱ.短语填空
be responsible for，look into，set sail，withdraw from，press conference，in hand，be based on，a wide range of
1．Dwight decided __________________ the committee and join up with the opposition.
2．Mr Li has ________________ knowledge.That’s why his lessons are often lively and interesting.
3．The company held a series of __________________ to announce their new product line.
4．The boy did a lot of research online and finally finished his essay ________ adequate evidence.
5．She thanked Tom very much for his kindness，and began to prepare ________________ for England.
6．In the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival，a takeaway waiter can be seen with food __________．
7．The woman ________ the window，but found nobody in the office.
8．Everybody must ________ what they do and what they say in their life and work.
【答案】1．to withdraw from 2．a wide range of
3．press conferences 4．based on
5．to set sail 6．in hand 7．looked into
8．be responsible for
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Great progress has been made in China and China ________________________________ in many fields in the scientific world.
中国近年来取得了巨大的进步，在科技界的许多领域都处于领先地位。
2．The boy ______________________________ his lessons at school.
在学校，这个男孩的功课学得的确好。
3．She had hoped to get a “full mark” in this test，__________________________ she had left one problem undone.
她原本希望这次考试会得满分，结果却发现还有一道题没有做。
4．He decided __________________ the competition due to personal reasons.
由于个人原因，他决定退出比赛。
【答案】1．takes the lead 2．does do well in
3．only to find 4．to withdraw from
提升练
Ⅰ.七选五
Enhance Your Wellbeing in Nature
Nature reduces our anger，fear，and depression and increases our positive mood and psychological wellbeing.Time in nature also brings us out of ourselves and our narrow concerns and connects us to a larger world where we find beauty and interest.__1__
It is clear that it is important to get outside! __2__ But even if you live in an urban area，spend time in your yard or find a park or a green space with trees and bushes.Go outside during your lunch hour if you can to get a “breath of fresh air” and give your mind a break.__3__
We all know the long list of physical，mental，and emotional benefits of exercise.Exercise improves attention in the young and cognitive functioning in the old.It reduces stress and acts as an antidepressant.__4__ But much as we know all these benefits，we can’t always motivate ourselves to exercise regularly.This is where nature can help.An appealing place to walk or bike can get us off our seats and moving.And once we start，the beauty of natural surroundings keeps us motivated to continue.
__5__ A series of studies showed that walking in forests，as opposed to urban environments，lowered blood pressure and stress hormones well beyond the time of the walk.So find somewhere with trees，bushes，wild grasses or flowers，water，and other such natural elements and go for a walk or run or bike.Gardening is another wonderful way to be active outside.
A．If you can get to the country，or a lake，that’s wonderful.
B．Exercise is also the key if we want to avoid gaining weight.
C．So find somewhere with trees or bushes to go for a walk.
D．The beauty of natural surroundings can keep us motivated.
E．Thus the environment is connected to our overall wellbeing.
F．You should find more energy for your afternoon mental tasks.
G．Moreover，exercising outdoors reduces stress even more than exercise indoors.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们：在大自然中可以增强幸福感；环境对我们的身心健康有很多好处。
1．E 根据上文“Nature reduces our anger，fear，and depression and increases our positive mood and psychological wellbeing.Time in nature also brings us out of ourselves and our narrow concerns and connects us to a larger world where we find beauty and interest(大自然减少了我们的愤怒、恐惧和沮丧，增加了我们的积极情绪和心理健康。大自然中的时间也带我们走出自我和狭隘的关注，将我们连接到一个更大的世界，在那里我们可以发现美和兴趣。).”可知，本段主要讲述大自然对我们心理和情绪的影响，可以开阔我们的视野。空处为段尾句，对本段有总结和归纳的作用。所以E项(因此，环境与我们的整体健康息息相关。)符合语境。故选E项。
2．A 根据下文“But even if you live in an urban area，spend time in your yard or find a park or a green space with trees and bushes.”可知，此处应指与城市对应的地方，那就是乡下。故A项(如果你能去乡村或湖边，那就太好了。)符合语境。故选A项。
3．F 空处为段尾句，应承接上文。由上文“Go outside during your lunch hour if you can to get a ‘breath of fresh air’ and give your mind a break(如果可以的话，在午餐时间到外面去‘呼吸一下新鲜空气’，让你的大脑休息一下。).” 可知，午餐时间可到大自然中呼吸新鲜空气，让大脑休息一下。F项(你应该为下午的脑力工作找到更多的能量。)与上句衔接密切，符合语境。故选F项。
4．B 根据上文“We all know the long list of physical，mental，and emotional benefits of exercise.Exercise improves attention in the young and cognitive functioning in the old.It reduces stress and acts as an antidepressant(我们都知道锻炼对身体、心理和情感有很多好处。锻炼可以提高年轻人的注意力和老年人的认知能力。它可以减轻压力，起到抗抑郁的作用。).”提到锻炼对精神方面的好处。下文提到“all these benefits”，所以本句仍为锻炼的好处。B项(如果我们想避免增重，锻炼也很关键。)符合语境。故选B项。
5．G 空处为段首主题句。根据下文“A series of studies showed that walking in forests，as opposed to urban environments，lowered blood pressure and stress hormones well beyond the time of the walk(一系列的研究表明，与城市环境相反，在森林中散步，降低血压和压力荷尔蒙的时间远远超过散步的时间。).”主要说明到室外锻炼比在室内锻炼要好。G项(此外，户外运动比室内运动更能减轻压力。) 能够概括本段大意。故选G项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Five tiny Pacific islands have disappeared due to rising seas and erosion，Australian researchers say.
There were no 1．________(human) who lived on the five missing islands，part of the Solomon Archipelago.The islands were 2．________(occasional) used by fishermen. But six other islands 3．________(believe) to have seen lots of land turn into sea，destroying entire villages.One of the six islands is Nuatambu Island，4．________ is home to 25 families.
According to the researchers，the Solomon Archipelago 5________(see) sea levels rise as much as 10 mm every year in the past twenty years.However，the report stresses that the current situation doesn’t result 6．________ rising sea levels alone.Erosion of the shoreline makes the situation worse.Extreme events and improper 7．________(develop) are two major factors of 8．________ (contribute) to the erosion.
The Solomon Islands，9．________(make) up of hundreds of islands and with a population of about 640,000，lie about 1,000 miles northeast of Australia.Some communities have already adapted to the changed conditions.Several Nuatambu islanders have moved to 10．________ higher neighbouring volcanic island.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了所罗门群岛中的一些小岛屿因为海平面上升而被海水淹没。经过调查，研究人员认为极端事件和不适当的开发是导致海平面上升的主要原因。
1．humans 考查名词的数。句意：没有人在这5个消失的岛屿上生活，它们是所罗门岛的一部分。分析句子结构可知，此处名词作为句子的主语，There be句型遵循“就近”原则，根据were可知，主语是复数名词。故填humans。
2．occasionally 考查副词。句意：这些岛屿偶尔被渔民使用。分析句子成分可知，此处应用副词修饰动词used。故填occasionally。
3．are believed 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：但据信其他六个岛屿的大量土地被海水淹没，摧毁了整个村庄。分析句子结构可知，设空处是句子的谓语；结合语境可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语six other islands和动词believe之间是动宾关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。此处是固定用法sb/sth is said/believed/reported...to do sth “据报道/信/说……某人/某物做某事”。故填are believed。
4．which 考查定语从句。句意：Nuatambu岛是6个岛屿之一，上面居住着25个家庭。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替先行词Nuatambu Island在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
5．has seen 考查动词的时态。句意：根据研究人员所说，在过去的20年，所罗门群岛见证了海平面每年上升多达10毫米。分析句子成分可知，设空处是句子的谓语。根据下文的“in the past twenty years”判断，时态为现在完成时，主语Solomon Archipelago是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has seen。
6．from 考查介词。句意：然而，该报告强调目前的情况不单起因于上升的海平面。根据句意可知，此处考查短语result from，意为“起因于，由……引起”。故填from。
7．development 考查名词。句意：极端事件和不适当的开发是造成侵蚀现象的两个主要原因。分析句子成分可知，设空处应填名词，与events构成并列的主语，“development发展”是抽象名词，不可数。故填development。
8．contributing 考查动词的-ing形式。句意：极端事件和不适当的开发是造成侵蚀现象的两个主要原因。分析句子成分可知，设空处位于介词of后，应用动词的-ing形式。故填contributing。
9．made 考查动词的-ed形式。句意：所罗门群岛，由成百个岛屿构成，人口大约64万，位于距澳大利亚东北大约1,000英里处。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语“Solomon Islands”和动词“make up”之间是动宾关系，应用动词的-ed形式。故填made。
10．a 考查冠词。句意：几个Nuatambu岛民已经搬到了附近一个较高的火山岛。“island岛屿”是可数名词；根据句意可知，此处是泛指“一个较高的火山岛”，应用不定冠词，higher发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你校将在下周五下午举行京剧文艺汇演活动，并进行网络直播。请给你的美国朋友Jim发一封邮件，对该活动进行介绍。
内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．活动安排；
3．邀请观看。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
3．参考词汇：The Ruse of the Empty City(《空城计》)；The Drunken Beauty(《贵妃醉酒》)
Dear Jim，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Jim，
How is everything going？Glad to tell you that there’ll be a performance to be held in our school hall next Friday，whose theme is Beijing Opera.
The performance is scheduled to take place from 14:00 to 17:00，accompanying live broadcast on the Internet at the same time.The activity is aimed to show the students’ positive spirits and their passion for Chinese traditional culture.There’ll be various fully prepared programs，including The Ruse of the Empty City，The Drunken Beauty，instrument playing and so on.
I do expect you can join us online and share the happiness with us.
Yours，
Li HuaUNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Back to School Book Guide
Going back to school can involve lots of new things，including uniforms，topics，teachers，and friends.So why not try some new books as well and maybe find your new favourite author，too.Whether you want to learn about protecting wildlife，discover some amazing weather facts，or dive into an action-packed spy mission，this back-to-school book guide has something for you.Click here to get a discount.
While the Storm Rages
by Phil Earle
A page-turning adventure to make you laugh and cry.Noah and his friends fight to save animals from being put down at the outbreak of WWⅡ.An exciting wartime novel that packs an emotional punch from the bestselling author of When the Sky Falls.
Grimwood: Let the Fur Fly!
Written & illustrated by Nadia Shireen
A funny and silly new Grimwood adventure! Fox cub siblings Ted and Nancy love their new life in Grimwood.But the cruel mayor of Twinklenuts is on a mission to take it over and kick everyone out.Can Grimwood’s treebonking skills save the home they love？A must-read for Dog Man and David Walliams fans.
Alice Eclair, Spy Extraordinaire!
by Sarah Todd Taylor
Baker by day，spy by night — Alice Eclair leads an exciting double life! A mysterious message sends Alice on a mission aboard France’s most fascinating train.She must uncover an enemy agent while baking desserts，armed only with her whisk，wits，and will to succeed.
Weather, Camera, Action
by Liam Dutton
Discover hurricanes，dust storms，volcanic lightening and more，all through the camera lens of TV weather presenter and world-famous meteorologist(气象学家) Liam Dutton.This adventure through the atmosphere shows off the splendor of our skies in their wildest and most dramatic states and uncovers the science behind weather events.
( )1．Which of the books might interest animal protectors most
A．While the Storm Rages. B．Grimwood: Let the Fur Fly!
C．Alice Eclair，Spy Extraordinaire! D．Weather，Camera，Action.
( )2．What might be included in the book Weather，Camera，Action
A．How the atmosphere was formed. B．What the sky looks like in storms.
C．How to be a famous meteorologist. D．What to present in a weather forecast.
( )3．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A website. B．A brochure.
C．A magazine. D．A guide book.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本不同的书籍。
1．A 细节理解题。根据While the Storm Rages部分中的第二句“Noah and his friends fight to save animals from being put down at the outbreak of WWⅡ.”可知，这本书讲述了保护动物的故事，所以这本书可能是动物保护者最感兴趣的书。故选A项。
2．B 推理判断题。根据Weather Camera Action部分中的“Discover hurricanes，dust storms，volcanic lightening and more，all through the camera lens of TV weather presenter and world-famous meteorologist(气象学家)Liam Dutton.This adventure through the atmosphere shows off the splendor of our skies in their wildest and most dramatic states and uncovers the science behind weather events.”可知，这本书展现了各种天气状态下的天空，并揭示了各种天气事件后的科学，所以B项“What the sky looks like in storms(暴风雨中的天空是什么样子的).”在书中可能会看到。故选B项。
3．A 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Click here to get a discount.”可知，这篇文章来自网站。故选A项。
B
On a boat near Costa Rica，a team of marine biologists is helping a turtle.The animal is having trouble breathing，and the team discovers why — there is something inside its nose.A scientist tries to extract the object，but the turtle cries in pain.Finally，after eight long minutes，a long object is pulled out.It is a 10-centimetre plastic straw.
The video of the turtle’s rescue has been viewed millions of times on social media.It has helped raise awareness of a growing problem: The world’s seas are full of plastic.Since 2000，there has been a huge increase in worldwide plastic production，but we recycle less than one-fifth of it.A lot of this plastic waste ends up in the ocean.Today，scientists think about 8.1 billion kilograms goes into the sea every year from coastal regions.Most of this plastic will never break into little pieces.
This ocean plastic hurts millions of sea animals every year.Some fish eat plastic because it is covered with sea plants，and it looks and smells like food.“In some cases，eating sharp pieces of plastic can seriously hurt sea animals and even result in death，” says marine biologist Matthew Savoca.
Plastic is useful to people because it is strong and lasts a long time，but this is bad news for sea creatures that eat or get stuck in it.According to Savoca，single-use plastics are the worst. These are items that are used only once before we throw them away.Some common examples include straws，water bottles，and plastic bags.About 700 sea species have been caught in or have eaten this kind of plastic.Luckily，the turtle survived and was released back into the ocean.How will plastic affect sea animals in the long term？“I think we’ll know the answers in 5 to 10 years’ time，” says an expert from Columbia University.But by then，another 25 million tons of plastic will already be in the ocean.
( )4．Which of these questions is answered in Paragraph 1
A．Where was the scientist from B．When did the incident take place
C．What was the cause of the turtle’s pain D．How did the scientists remove the object
( )5．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The video. B．The turtle.
C．Social media. D．The Plastic.
( )6．Why are the seas full of plastic waste
A．Because sea animals consume plastic.
B．Because more plastic is produced than recycled.
C．Because plastic can be dissolved in the sea quickly.
D．Because other places are already full of plastic waste.
( )7．What can be concluded from the text
A．Single-use plastics are people’s favourite.
B．Plastic waste can cause deadly damage to sea animals.
C．More than 700 sea species can survive the ocean plastic.
D．The ocean’s plastic problem will be solved in a decade.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过海龟误食塑料的例子来说明了海洋塑料的增多以及它带来的危害。
4．C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The animal is having trouble breathing，and the team discovers why — there is something inside its nose.”可推断，第一段回答了导致乌龟痛苦的原因是什么。故选C项。
5．A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“The video of the turtle’s rescue has been viewed millions of times on social media.”可知，画线词It指代这段视频。故选A项。
6．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since 2000，there has been a huge increase in worldwide plastic production，but we recycle less than one-fifth of it.”可知，由于塑料生产远超过回收利用导致了大海充满了垃圾。故选B项。
7．B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This ocean plastic hurts millions of sea animals every year.”和“‘In some cases，eating sharp pieces of plastic can seriously hurt sea animals and even result in death’”可知，塑料垃圾对海洋动物有很大的危害。故选B项。
C
On Scotland’s Isle of Skye，scientists have identified two areas with evidence of ancient life forms.They believe the markings are，in fact，footprints from dinosaurs that lived 170 million years ago.Those prints date to the middle of the Jurassic Period，a time from which few dinosaur fossils have been recovered.Researchers reported this month on their study of about 50 fossilised footprints at the two sites.The markings are just a few hundred metres apart from each other.They are said to show dinosaurs walking in different directions.
At least three kinds of dinosaurs left the footprints.Steve Brusatte，the leader of the research team，is a paleontologist with the University of Edinburgh.“The tracks are located on flat rocky surfaces near the beach，so they are only exposed at low tide，” he said.“The tide laps across them，back and forth，every day.”
One set of markings came from a two-legged，meat-eating dinosaur that researchers say was about the size of a car.They say its footprints have three toes.The creature，with sharp claws，appears to be from a group of dinosaurs called theropods.Bigger，three-toed footprints came from large-bodied，two-legged plant-eaters called ornithopods.The researchers are especially interested in markings left by another creature: an early member of a group of heavily built，four-legged plant-eaters called stegosaurs.
“I suspect this stegosaur was about the size of a cow，which is fairly small for a stegosaur.Whether that’s because it’s a primitive，smaller species or a juvenile of a bigger species，we’re not sure，” Brusatte said.The researchers noted that the findings were an important window into the many kinds of dinosaurs on the Isle of Skye.“Skye has emerged as one of the most important windows into Jurassic dinosaur evolution.We know that dinosaurs were diversifying with a frenzy in the Middle Jurassic，but there are few fossil sites of this age anywhere in the world，” Brusatte added.
( )8．What do the “ancient life forms” refer to in the first paragraph
A．Dinosaurs dating to the middle of the Jurassic Period.
B．Dinosaurs living far away from each other.
C．The fossilised footprints discovered this month.
D．The fossilised footprints discovered in the middle of the Jurassic Period.
( )9．Which can replace the underlined word “tracks” in the second paragraph
A．Leaves. B．Fossils.
C．Touches. D．Dinosaurs.
( )10．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us
A．The influence of the markings discovered in Skye.
B．The dinosaurs related to the footprints discovered in Skye.
C．The dinosaurs with different appearances.
D．The dinosaurs with different habitats.
( )11．What can we infer from Brusatte’s words in the last paragraph
A．The findings contribute to learning more about dinosaurs in Skye.
B．There are a few fossil sites in other places in the world.
C．There were a wide range of dinosaurs living in the area.
D．Skye plays an important part in Scotland.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了科学家在苏格兰的斯凯岛上，发现了两个可以追溯到侏罗纪中期的恐龙脚印，并对这些脚印的情况进行了具体说明。研究人员指出，这些发现是了解斯凯岛上多种恐龙的重要窗口。
8．A 细节理解题。通读第一段可知，在苏格兰的斯凯岛上，科学家们发现了两个有古代生命形式存在证据的区域。他们认为这些痕迹实际上是生活在1.7亿年前恐龙的脚印。这些脚印可以追溯到侏罗纪中期，来自该时期的恐龙化石鲜有发现。由此可知，第一段中的“古代生命形式”指的是可以追溯到侏罗纪中期的恐龙。故选A项。
9．C 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文中的“At least three kinds of dinosaurs left the footprints(至少有三种恐龙留下了脚印。).”以及画线词后文“are located on flat rocky surfaces near the beach”可知，这些痕迹位于海滩坦的岩石表面。画线词的意思为“痕迹”，即touches。故选C项。
10．B 主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，其中一组标记来自一只两条腿的食肉恐龙，研究人员称它大约有一辆汽车那么大。他们说它的脚印有三个脚趾。这种有着锋利爪子的生物似乎来自一群叫作兽脚亚目恐龙。更大的、三趾的脚印来自体形庞大的、两足的食草类鸟脚亚目恐龙。研究人员对另一种生物留下的标记特别感兴趣：剑龙是一群体形魁梧、四条腿的植食动物的早期成员。由此可知，第三段主要告诉我们在斯凯岛发现的脚印与恐龙有关。故选B项。
11．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers noted that the findings were an important window into the many kinds of dinosaurs on the Isle of Skye(研究人员指出，这些发现是了解斯凯岛上多种恐龙的重要窗口。).”以及后文中的“‘Skye has emerged as one of the most important windows into Jurassic dinosaur evolution(斯凯岛已经成为了解侏罗纪恐龙进化最重要的窗口之一。).’”并从布鲁塞特的话中可推知，这些发现有助于更多地了解斯凯岛的恐龙。故选A项。
D
Everyone knows that the population of the world is the largest ever. As more and more people are born and grow to an older average age than previous generations，everyone on the earth has a responsibility to feed this ever-growing population.
One possible solution to this is vertical(垂直的) farming. While humans have farmed and worked the land as long as history has recorded events，how much humans’ farming has changed！From hands to ancient tools to animals to advanced machinery，the agricultural scenes have changed greatly over the centuries.
Now new and improved farming methods have been considered and studied to keep up with demand. With vertical farming，food is grown vertically by using existing buildings or shipping containers.
Unlike traditional farming that relies on Mother Nature，vertical farming often relies on CEA technology，also known as Controlled Environment Agriculture. With this approach，humans affect light，temperature，gases and more，thus controlling the environment in which plants grow.
The technology used in vertical farming is just expanding into greenhouses，where light and temperature are man-controlled. The final goal of vertical farming is to produce the most possible crops with the least possible space.
Vertical farming has many advantages. There are some other benefits as well.
With more and more humans living in heavily populated areas，vertical farming allows humans to be prepared for the future with continued population growth and increased movements to cities.
In vertical farming，since the environment in which plants grow is controlled by humans，farming can happen all the year round and is not dependent on seasons and weather. It can possibly use 95% less water than traditional farming. Besides，it is easier to produce organic crops in such a controlled environment，and farm chemicals will not be needed to protect the plants. This means less pollution in the environment.
( )12．What does Paragraph 1 mainly show
A．The struggle to control the population.
B．The responsibility of previous generations.
C．The need to feed an increasing population.
D．The importance of protecting the earth.
( )13．What makes vertical farming possible
A．The birth of CEA technology.
B．The change of weather.
C．More favourable air conditions in higher places
D．New advances in research on high-quality soils.
( )14．What is special about vertical farming compared to traditional farming
A．It uses much less water.
B．It relies more on the seasons.
C．It needs more farm chemicals.
D．It needs no light.
( )15．What can be the best title for the text
A．Traditional Farming’s Methods and Measures
B．Vertical Farming Is the Future
C．Traditional Farming Comes to an End
D．Advantages and Disadvantages of Vertical Farming
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农业的优势和未来发展前景。
12．C 段落大意题。根据第一段中的“As more and more people are born and grow to an older average age than previous generations，everyone on the earth has a responsibility to feed this ever-growing population(随着越来越多的人出生并成长到比前几代人更老的平均年龄，地球上的每个人都有责任养活不断增长的人口。).”可知，第一段主要陈述养活不断增长的人口的需要。故选C项。
13．A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Unlike traditional farming that relies on Mother Nature，vertical farming often relies on CEA technology，also known as Controlled Environment Agriculture(与依赖大自然的传统农业不同，垂直农业通常依赖CEA技术，它也被称为可控环境农业。).”可知，是CEA技术的诞生让垂直农业成为可能。故选A项。
14． A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It can possibly use 95% less water than traditional farming.”可知，垂直农业与传统农业相比，其特别之处在于它用水很少。故选A项。
15．B 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据倒数第三段中的“Vertical farming has many advantages.”，倒数第二段“With more and more humans living in heavily populated areas，vertical farming allows humans to be prepared for the future with continued population growth and increased movements to cities(随着越来越多的人生活在人口稠密的地区，垂直农业使人类能够为人口持续增长，人口向城市的流动增加的未来做好准备。).”和最后一段中的“Besides，it is easier to produce organic crops in such a controlled environment，and farm chemicals will not be needed to protect the plants. This means less pollution in the environment(此外，在这样一个受控的环境中生产有机作物更容易，而且不需要农用化学品来保护植物。这意味着环境污染减少。)”可知，本文主要介绍了垂直农业的优势和未来发展前景。故B选项“垂直农业是未来的趋势”作文章标题最为合适。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
On US TV shows，you may sometimes see rubber balls on people’s desks. These balls are known as “stress relief balls”. People can squeeze them when they feel stressed out. It’s believed that by concentrating on the act of squeezing，they can let go of the negative energy in their bodies.
__16__ Fortunately，we have many ways to deal with it.
In fact，the rubber stress relief balls that are so popular today in the US are believed to date back to ancient China. __17__ By squeezing them during moments of anxiety，soldiers were able to calm themselves down before going into battle. And in the Ming Dynasty(1368－1644)，people started rolling walnuts in their hands. Ordinary citizens－not just soldiers－developed the habit of rolling two walnuts，or balls made from iron or stone，around in their hands. __18__
And today，we have many gadgets(小器具) and toys that are designed to reduce stress in addition to stress relief balls. One example is the popular fidget spinner(指尖陀螺). __19__ You just spin the gadget around. There’s also the fidget cube，which features different “gimmicks(机关)” on each side of the cube. You can click，spin，pull，push and rotate different parts of the cube.
__20__ But perhaps we should take them more seriously. “After all，the history of stress balls is a history of modern-day coping，” reporter Nadia Berenstein wrote for Woolly magazine.
A．This helped them relax as well.
B．These gadgets may look like simple toys.
C．It keeps your hand busy with an easy task.
D．This is the only way to ease away your tension.
E．Indeed，stress is a big problem for many people.
F．A focused activity helps take your mind off the problems of your day.
G．Back in the Han Dynasty(206 BC－AD 220)，soldiers used walnuts to get rid of stress.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了减压球的历史和传承。
16．E 根据下句“Fortunately，we have many ways to deal with it.”并结合第一段内容讲述了释放压力的办法可知，本句中的it指代压力问题。因此E项“Indeed，stress is a big problem for many people.”符合语境，承接上文，引出下文讲述解决办法。故选E项。
17．G 根据上句“In fact，the rubber stress relief balls that are so popular today in the US are believed to date back to ancient China.”可知，在今天美国流行的减压球据说可以追溯到古代中国。因此空处将具体讲在哪个朝代。因此G项“Back in the Han Dynasty(206 BC－AD 220)，soldiers used walnuts to get rid of stress.”符合语境。G项中的soldiers与下文的soldiers互相呼应。故选G项。
18．A 根据上句“Ordinary citizens－not just soldiers－developed the habit of rolling two walnuts，or balls made from iron or stone，around in their hands.”可推断，空处要讲这样的习惯会带来怎样的好处。因此A项“This helped them feel relaxed as well.”符合语境，说明在手里滚动核桃和球的益处。故选A项。
19．C 根据上句“One example is the popular fidget spinner (指尖陀螺).”以及空格后“You just spin the gadget around.”可知，指尖陀螺是让你的手忙起来的容易操作的器具，因此C项“It keeps your hand busy with an easy task.”符合语境，it指代上文提到的“fidget spinner”。故选C项。
20．B 根据下句“But perhaps we should take them more seriously.”可知，空处与上文形成转折关系，B项中的gadgets与空后句子中的them对应。因此B项“These gadgets may look like simple toys.”符合语境。故选B项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
One day，a painter was asked to paint the boat by the owner of the boat.The painter brought with him paint and __21__ and began to paint the boat bright yellow，as the owner asked him.While painting，he __22__ there was a hole in the boat and decided to __23__ it immediately.When he finished painting，he received his __24__ and left.
The next day，the owner of the boat suddenly came to the painter’s home and __25__ him with a nice check，much higher than the payment for painting，the painter was __26__．“You’ve already paid me for painting the boat！” he said.
“In fact，this is not for the paint __27__．It’s for having repaired the hole in the boat.”
“But it was such a(n)__28__ service.Certainly it’s not worth paying me such a high amount for something so unimportant！”
“My dear friend，you do not understand how __29__ I am to you for your kind behaviour.Now let me tell you what __30__．When I asked you to paint the boat，I forgot to mention about the hole.When the boat dried，my kids took the boat and __31__ a fishing trip.They did not know that there was a __32__ in the boat.I happened to be outside at that time.When I returned and noticed they had taken the boat，I was __33__ because I remembered that the boat had a hole.Imagine my relief and joy when I saw them returning from fishing.”
“Then，I __34__ the boat and found that you had repaired the hole! You see，now，what you did？You saved my children! I do not have enough money to pay your ‘small’ good deed.”
In our daily life，we often consider it our duty to complete our own job without giving a second thought to extra work.Actually，each of us has a moral duty to offer help，wipe tears，listen carefully and repair all the “holes” we __35__ in our life journey，because a small act will make a big difference to others in the future.
( )21．A．beliefs B．chains
C．brushes D．ink
( )22．A．suspected B．reminded
C．confirmed D．realised
( )23．A．wipe B．repair
C．hide D．measure
( )24．A．reward B．award
C．reputation D．benefit
( )25．A．treated B．admired
C．comforted D．presented
( )26．A．puzzled B．delighted
C．excited D．amused
( )27．A．technique B．quality
C．price D．job
( )28．A．cheap B．valuable
C．small D．additional
( )29．A．regretful B．grateful
C．wonderful D．painful
( )30．A．crashed B．existed
C．happened D．circulated
( )31．A．went through B．dreamed about
C．went on D．turned to
( )32．A．sign B．hole
C．needle D．danger
( )33．A．desperate B．annoyed
C．embarrassed D．awesome
( )34．A．pulled B．examined
C．spotted D．noticed
( )35．A．come out B．come about
C．come across D．come into
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位油漆工在油漆船时顺便将船上的一个洞补了起来，为此收到了船主的一大笔酬金，因为他的小小的善举挽救了船主孩子们的生命。作者通过这个故事告诉我们：在生活中，如果你遇到这种“小洞”，也请将它们仔细地修补好吧。
21．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：油漆工带着油漆和刷子，按照船主的要求，开始把船漆成亮黄色。beliefs信念；chains链条；brushes刷子；ink墨水。根据前文中的“One day a painter was asked to paint a boat by the owner of the boat.”可知，他带了油漆和刷子，开始按照船主的要求把船刷成鲜红色。设空处与paint相对应，应表示油漆船时用的工具，B项“刷子”符合语境。故选C项。
22．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在油漆时，他意识到船上有个洞，决定立即修复。suspected怀疑；reminded提醒；confirmed确认；realised意识到。根据后文中的“there was a hole in the boat”可知，他意识到船上有个洞。故选D项。
23．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上题。wipe扫除；repair修理；hide隐藏；measure测量。空处呼应第三段中的“‘...It’s for having repaired the hole in the boat.’”，表示修复了这个洞。故选B项。
24．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他完成油漆(工作)时，他得到了他的报酬，然后离开了。reward报酬；award奖品；reputation名誉；benefit益处。根据第二段中的“‘You’ve already paid me for painting the boat！’”可知，油漆工当天是拿了报酬离开的。故选A项。
25．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，船主突然来到油漆工家，递给他一张比油漆费还高得多的支票，油漆工很困惑。treated对待；admired钦佩；comforted安慰；presented递给，呈现。根据后文中的“him with a nice check”可知，此处指船主递给他一张数目可观的支票。故选D项。
26．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上题。puzzled困惑的；delighted高兴的；excited激动的；amused有趣的。根据后文中的“‘You’ve already paid me for painting the boat！’”可知，油漆工很困惑。故选A项。
27．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这不是关于刷漆工作的。根据后文中的“It’s for having repaired the hole in the boat”，并结合该句中的“In fact，this is not for the paint”可知，这张支票不是针对油漆工作的。故选D项。
28．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这是一个如此小的服务。根据后文中的“something so unimportant”可知，油漆工认为这不是重要的事情；结合该句“But it was such a(n) __28__service”可知，他认为这是微不足道的服务。故选C项。
29．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我亲爱的朋友，你不知道我对你的好意有多感激。regretful后悔的；grateful感谢的；wonderful极好的；painful痛苦的。根据后文中的“I am to you for your kind behaviour”可知，油漆工的善举救了船主的孩子们，所以船主感谢他。故选B项。
30．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我告诉你发生了什么。crashed坠毁；existed存在；happened发生；circulated循环。根据前文中的“Now let me tell you what”以及后文船主的讲述，可知船主告诉油漆工发生了什么事情。故选C项。
31．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：等船干了，我的孩子们就上船去钓鱼了。went through通过；dreamed about梦想；went on继续；turned to求助于。根据该句中的“took the boat and__31__ a fishing trip”并结合常识可知，此处表示船上的油漆干了之后，孩子们乘船进行了捕鱼之旅。故选C项。
32．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不知道船上有个洞。根据后文的描述可知，当孩子们出发捕鱼后，船主才想起船上有一个洞，所以孩子们不知道船上有洞。故选B项。
33．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回来时，发现他们把船开走了，我很绝望，因为我想起船有一个洞。desperate绝望的；annoyed生气的；embarrassed尴尬的；awesome极好的。根据上文内容以及后文中的“because I remembered that the boat had a hole”可知，当孩子们出发捕鱼后，船主才想起船上有一个洞。据此可推知，此处表示船主非常绝望。故选A项。
34．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我检查了船，发现你把洞修好了！pulled拉；examined检查；spotted发现；noticed注意到。根据后文中的“...found that you had repaired the hole！”可知，随后船主检查了船，发现油漆工已经将洞修补好了。故选B项。
35．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：其实，我们每个人都有一种道德责任去主动提供帮助、擦眼泪和仔细倾听，修补我们人生旅途中遇到的所有“洞”，因为一个小小的行为会在未来对别人产生很大的影响。come out出版；come about发生；come across遇见；come into进入。根据前文中的“repair all the ‘holes’ we”可知，此处指在生活中遇到的“洞”。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Last Saturday，Delft，a Dutch city，held an international exhibition of pottery(陶器) artworks that pays tribute(致敬) to an ancient Chinese culture 36．________(date) back to thousands of years.
The exhibition，entitled Echoes of Majiayao，37．________(bring) together some 60 pieces of pottery artworks 38．________(create) by a group of 14 artists from nine countries，after returning from a project on the Majiayao culture in Northwest China.The Majiayao culture is in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and its tributaries(支流).39．________ more than 5,000 years of history，it forms a significant part of the origin of the Chinese civilisation.
Swedish archaeologist Johan Gunnar Andersson first investigated these 40．________(culture) ruins in 1924．In the 1940s，Chinese archaeologist Xia Nai named the ruins the Majiayao culture，with glamorous painted pottery as its most striking feature.In the 17th century，with the 41．________(arrive) of porcelain from China，workers in Delft began experimenting with the blue and white patterns.Today，Delft Blue has become a world-famous pottery with 42．________(it) distinctive blue and white features.
The exhibition 43．________(launch) on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the Netherlands.The exhibition offers us 44．________ opportunity to appreciate the artists’ works created at Majiayao site.
Haak，curator(负责人) of the exhibition，told Xinhua that she wants to convey the positive idea 45．________ art can connect people with different cultural backgrounds.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了以蓝陶闻名的荷兰城市代尔夫特举办了一场国际陶艺展，以表达对5 000多年前中国古代马家窑文化的尊重。同时，文章介绍了中国古代马家窑文化的相关情况。
36．dating 考查动词的-ing形式。句意：上周六，荷兰城市代尔夫特举办了一场国际陶艺展，以表达对5,000多年前中国古代马家窑文化的尊重。that引导的定语从句中已有谓语动词pays且无连词，故设空处作非谓语动词，逻辑主语culture和动词短语date back to之间为主谓关系，应用动词的-ing形式作后置定语。故填dating。
37．brought 考查动词的时态。句意：此次展览名为《马家窑的回声》，汇集了来自9个国家的14位艺术家从中国西北马家窑文化项目归来后创作的约60件陶艺作品。设空处为句子的谓语，结合前面的时间状语last Saturday可知，此处陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填brought。
38．created 考查动词的-ed形式。句意：同上题。分析句子结构可知，句中brought为谓语动词，设空处作非谓语动词，create与逻辑主语artworks之间是动宾关系，故使用动词的-ed形式作后置定语。故填created。
39．With 考查介词。句意：它有5,000多年的历史，是中华文明起源的重要组成部分。结合句意和分析句子结构可知，此处应用介词with表示“有”，该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填With。
40．cultural 考查形容词。句意：考古学家是在1924年第一次发现这些文化遗迹。分析句子成分可知，设空处应该填写形容词作定语。culture的形容词为cultural。故填cultural。
41．arrival 考查名词。句意：在17世纪，随着中国陶器的到来，代尔夫特的工人们开始用青花图案做实验。由空前的“with the”可知，句中应该使用名词作宾语，arrive的名词形式为arrival，是不可数名词。故填arrival。
42．its 考查代词。句意：如今，代尔夫特蓝已以其独特的蓝白特征成为世界闻名的陶器。设空处修饰名词词组“distinctive blue and white features”应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
43．was launched 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：该展览是在中荷建交50周年之际推出的。分析句子结构可知，设空处为句子的谓语动词。exhibition和launch之间是动宾关系，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数名词exhibition，be动词用was。故填was launched。
44．an 考查冠词。句意：本次展览为我们提供了一个欣赏马家窑遗址艺术家作品的机会。opportunity意为“机会”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且该词的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
45．that 考查同位语从句。句意：该展览的负责人哈克在接受新华社采访时表示，她想传达一种积极的理念，即艺术可以将不同文化背景的人联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，对名词idea进行解释说明，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你从广告上得知某公司需要一名秘书后，写信应聘。请根据表格中的信息，用英语写一封自荐信。
内容包括：
个人信息 男，25岁，经济管理硕士
性格与能力 乐观、开朗，喜欢与人交往，有良好的团队精神，适应能力强
学习与成绩 学英语10年，会计算机，学习成绩在班上优秀
爱好与特长 爱好广泛，喜欢办公室工作，相信能胜任秘书工作
注意：
1．词数80左右；开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：硕士a Master’s degree 经济管理business management
Dear Sir or Madam，
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam，
Through the ad，I know you need a secretary.I would like to have this job.My name is Li Hua.I am twenty-five and have got a Master’s degree in business management.
I am optimistic，easygoing and good at communicating with others and have good team spirit.Meanwhile，I find it easy to adapt to new environment.
I have been learning English for 10 years and have a good command of computer.My grades remain upper level in my class.The most important thing is that I like office work very much.I believe that I have the qualifications and I can do it well.
I will appreciate it very much if you would give me the opportunity.Thank you for your consideration.I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
It had been 5 years since Zahida’s husband passed away due to a heart attack.Every day，she buried herself in her embroidery(刺绣)，feeling her waist ache due to the long hours of work.She would grow tired faster these days.
The doorbell rang.Her son Aamer returned from the office.Entering the house，Aamer threw his bag at a sofa.“I have told you again and again not to throw things everywhere！” Zahida complained.“Mom，why do you find fault with unimportant things every day？Boss at office，you at home ... Oh so tiring！” Aamer slammed the door to his room.
Such unpleasant exchanges always happened now.Zahida would often recall the days of Aamer’s childhood fondly，which would bring smile to her face.She could remember the days when the little Aamer had parted unwillingly on his first day to school or had shouted excitedly at spotting a sleepy bear during a visit to the zoo.Zahida wondered if Aamer too could recollect these memories or had piled them in a forgotten corner of his mind.
Following a quiet dinner that night，Zahida happened to pass Aamer’s room.She could hear Aamer’s voice floating out.“Yes，yes ... you do understand that she is a picky woman.She cannot adjust easily anywhere.You must take care of that...”
Zahida was caught by a sudden sense of anxiety.A few days ago，a neighbour’s children sent her neighbour off to an old age home.They were too busy to have time for the old woman.What did Aamer talk of？Was she also... ？No，surely，Aamer couldn’t be doing that.Zahida retired to bed.
“Please be sure to deliver the tickets for our trip to Egypt as soon as possible，” Aamer continued.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
A few days later，a postman rang the doorbell when Aamer was away for work.__________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
A few days later，a postman rang the doorbell when Aamer was away for work. A big envelope was delivered to Aamer.Zahida could figure out a government seal on the envelope.Not trusting her fingers to tear open the envelope without harming the contents within and considering it as important，she placed it on the table.Aamer could check what was inside when he returned.Aamer，upon returning，spotted the envelope.Grabbing it swiftly，he began tearing it open，his eyes shining with excitement.
“Mom，here ... Look what I’ve got in the envelope！” Aamer shouted with joy like a child.
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
“Mom，here ... Look what I’ve got in the envelope！” Aamer shouted with joy like a child. Zahida took the contents from her son’s hands.It contained air tickets bearing her and Aamer’s names and some other documents.She looked up questioningly.“Oh，Mom.We are going on a trip to Egypt.Remember how you used to tell me bed-time tales of the ancient Egypt？Let’s visit it for real this time.I know you are a little picky.I have taken care to get good accommodations in Cairo and...” Aamer went on and on talking while his mother smiled with a sense of happiness filling her heart.
