UNIT 4 Period One
基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This morning I received two ________(包裹) from my family.
2．What is the number of your ________(邮件) box
3．The small country road is thickly covered with ________(杂草).
4．According to the rule，everybody must be dressed in school ________(制服) at school.
5．Her mother is a ________(药剂师)who works in a hospital nearby.
6．You can’t pick off the orange before it is ________(成熟).
【答案】1．parcels 2．mail 3．weeds
4．uniform 5．chemist 6．ripe
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Could you please give me a bit ________drinking water
2．I don’t think it a good idea to run on this ________(dust) path every morning.
3．One day，I ________(do) some exercise in the park when it suddenly began to rain.
4．________(tell) the truth，I don’t think that doctor is of much skill in his work.
5．At the beginning of each class，all the students greet the teacher ________ chorus.
6．You’ll have to adapt ________(you) to the new life in your new school as soon as possible.
7．It is known to us all that clothing and ________(house) are two major necessities in our life.
8．Now, I can hear someone ________(quarrel) in the next door.
【答案】1．of 2．dusty 3．was doing
4．To tell 5．in 6．yourself
7．housing 8．quarrelling
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．He can’t even use a mobile phone，________________________．
他连手机都不会用，更不用说电脑了。
2．I believe he can quickly ____________________________________．
我相信他能很快适应新的工作环境。
3．你做了好事，值得表扬。
①Your good deeds __________________.
②Your good deeds __________________．
③Your good deeds __________________．
4．The new plan was agreed with ________________ approval.
大家异口同声地赞成这个新计划。
5．____________________ see you.
我非常渴望见到你。
6．Its long branches and leaves ____________________________ the sun.
它长长的树枝和树叶为他们遮挡了阳光。
【答案】1．not to mention a computer
2．adapt himself to the new work environment
3．①deserve praise/praising
②deserve being praised
③deserve to be praised
4．a chorus of
5．I’m dying to 6．shade them from/against
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Collin was lying on his back when his sister，Mary，came in.From her red eyes，Collin could tell she felt homesick again.
Their family had moved to the Moon nearly four months ago.It still didn’t feel like home.The houses were cosy，but outside everything was gray and rocky and lifeless.There was even no weather there at all — no rain or snow or even wind.
“I miss everything，even the sound of rain on the roof，” Mary said sadly.“Worst of all，my birthday is in two days，and I don’t think Mom and Dad are planning anything special.”
She’s probably right，thought Collin.Life on the Moon was busy for scientists like their parents.He doubted if they had time to plan a party.If there was no party，maybe he could give his sister a gift.However，with limited room in their transport ship，each child had been allowed to bring only two toys from the earth.Where could he find the gift
The next day，as Collin wandered toward the agricultural centre，he found some bamboo plants，which made good building materials.An idea flashed across his mind.He took a piece of bamboo plants，made tiny holes into it，then poured a handful of Moon cobblestones(鹅卵石) inside and sealed the open ends.
When it was done，Collin hurried home，holding the bamboo piece carefully.On seeing his sister，Collin said，“I have a present for you.” He handed his sister the bamboo stick.“Happy birthday！”
“What is it？” Mary asked，looking at it curiously.
“A rain stick，” said Collin.“Whenever you turn it over，the Moon cobblestones fall inside and it sounds like rain.”
Mary turned the stick，and the room was filled with a sound like rain drumming on a roof.
“It’s Moon rain！” she said.“It makes me feel like I’m home.” She smiled at Collin and turned the rain stick over again.
( )1．According to the text，what do we know about the Moon
A．Life there is busy.
B．Its weather is changeable.
C．Living space there is limited.
D．Its surroundings are dull.
( )2．Why was the bamboo-made rain stick a delight for Mary
A．It created a rain scene.
B．It was her dream birthday gift.
C．It alleviated her homesickness.
D．It was made of good materials.
( )3．Which of the following can best describe Collin
A．Curious and careful.
B．Caring and skillful.
C．Creative and enthusiastic.
D．Sensitive and knowledgeable.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。跟着科学家父母住在月球上的兄妹二人科林和玛丽，他们对月球的生活并不感到开心，反而想念地球上的家。为了缓解妹妹的思家之苦，并送上生日惊喜，科林制作了“竹子手杖”，转动起来的时候就像在地球上下雨时，雨水打在屋顶的声音，这使得妹妹很高兴。
1．D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The houses were cosy，but outside everything was gray and rocky and lifeless.There was even no weather there at all — no rain or snow or even wind(房子很舒适，但外面一片灰暗，布满岩石，毫无生气。那里甚至没有任何天气——没有雨，没有雪，甚至没有风。).”可知，月球上的房子的外界环境毫无生气，一片灰暗，也没有任何天气变化，即，月球上的环境很沉闷。故选D项。
2．C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段和最后一段可知，手杖产生的下雨效果让玛丽有了家的感觉，让她很高兴。由此可推知，是因为手杖产生的效果缓解了玛丽的思家之情，她才很高兴的。故选C项。
3．B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容对于科林的内心独白的描写“If there was no party，maybe he could give his sister a gift.”可知，科林是很关心自己的妹妹的，是一个“体贴的”哥哥；文章第五段则讲述了科林是如何制作竹子手杖的，说明他是一个“巧手”。由此可推知，科林是一个体贴的、有技能的哥哥。故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Jake and Max Klein are twin brothers who have a passion for volunteering.Their family have always done community __1__．At a young age，they chose to __2__ family’s gifts at their birthday parties，but asked them to donate money to a charity.When they were seven，Jake and Max were interested in __3__ with a family friend at the local homeless shelter to help cook.
__4__，he turned them down because they were too __5__ and they had to be fourteen to cook.This led them on an endless __6__ to come up with a way to help other kids who were also facing a __7__ challenge: wanting to help but __8__ because of their age.
So，Kids That Do Good was __9__ to show ways to kids or adults，at any age，they could join the community and make a __10__．The small __11__ has grown into a large website that brings thousands of __12__ visitors each year.Jake and Max say that their website brings 35,000 unique viewers，of those viewers，Kids That Do Good has __13__ kids to 16,000 organisations.
Jake and Max are __14__ with school and after-class activities and other community service promises.Kids That Do Good also has blog posts that advise kids on __15__ their own charitable event.
( )1．A．surveys B．services
C．duties D．businesses
( )2．A．sort out B．play with
C．give up D．put away
( )3．A．travelling B．volunteering
C．cooking D．recycling
( )4．A．Unfortunately B．Happily
C．Honestly D．Gratefully
( )5．A．shy B．awkward
C．weak D．young
( )6．A．task B．ability
C．chance D．determination
( )7．A．public B．similar
C．sharp D．direct
( )8．A．joked B．blamed
C．denied D．praised
( )9．A．advised B．allowed
C．named D．created
( )10．A．judgment B．difference
C．comment D．decision
( )11．A．plan B．effort
C．project D．experiment
( )12．A．pleased B．satisfied
C．amazed D．interested
( )13．A．connected B．exposed
C．contributed D．attracted
( )14．A．familiar B．patient
C．busy D．content
( )15．A．remembering B．describing
C．celebrating D．building
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了双胞胎兄弟一直致力于做慈善，因为一次拒绝而自己开创了慈善活动，并且办得特别成功。
1．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们家一直做社区服务。surveys调查；services 服务；duties责任；businesses生意。 根据下文的“but asked them to donate money to a charity”及下文语境可知，他们一家经常做社区服务。故选B项。
2．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们选择在生日聚会上放弃家人的礼物，但请求他们把钱捐给慈善机构。sort out分类；play with玩耍；give up放弃；put away放好。根据下文的“but asked them to donate money to a charity”可知，此处是放弃礼物。故选C项。
3．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克和马克斯在七岁的时候，他们有兴趣和一个家庭朋友到当地的无家可归者收容所做志愿者，帮助做饭。travelling旅行；volunteering自愿；cooking烹饪；recycling回收。根据上下文语境可知，他们一直在帮助别人，由此可知，此处是自愿去帮忙。故选B项。
4．A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他拒绝了他们，因为他们太年轻了，而且他们必须14岁才能做饭。Unfortunately不幸地；Happily开心地；Honestly诚实地；Gratefully 感激地。根据上文内容可知，他们自愿去帮忙做饭，被拒绝，自然是不幸的事情。故选A项。
5．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上题。shy害羞的；awkward尴尬的；weak虚弱的；young年轻的。根据句意，必须十四岁才能做饭可知，因为他们太年轻。故选D项。
6．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让他们孜孜不倦地开始了一项任务，即想出一个办法来帮助其他也面临类似挑战的孩子：想要帮助但因为年龄而被拒绝的孩子。task任务；ability能力；chance机会；determination决心。根据下文他们自己创办了组织可知，此处是指做任务。故选A项。
7．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上题。public公众的；similar相似的；sharp锋利的；direct 直接的。根据上文他们因为年龄小被拒绝，结合下文的“because of their age”可知，是相似的问题。故选B项。
8．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第6题。joked开玩笑；blamed责备；denied拒绝；praised 表扬。根据上文“he turned them down because they were too __5__”可知，此处是指因为年龄被拒绝。故选C项。
9．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，Kids That Do Good被创造出来，是为了向孩子们或成年人展示任何年龄的人都可以加入社区并做出改变的各种方式。advised建议；allowed允许；named命名；created创造。Kids That Do Good是他们创办的组织的名字。故选D项。
10．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上题。judgment判断；difference不同；comment评论；decision 决定。make a difference有影响。故选B项。
11．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小项目已经发展成为一个大型网站，每年吸引成千上万的有兴趣的访问者。plan计划；effort努力；project项目；experiment 实验。根据上文“So，Kids That Do Good was __9__ ...join the community”可知，此处是指这个项目成了网站。故选C项。
12．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上题。pleased高兴的；satisfied满足的；amazed惊奇的；interested 感兴趣的。吸引的访问者自然是对此感兴趣的人。故选D项。
13．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克和马克斯说他们的网站有35,000个独特的浏览者，在这些浏览者中，Kids That Do Good已经把孩子们和16,000个组织联系起来了。connected连接；exposed暴露；contributed贡献；attracted吸引。根据句意和上文语境可知，此处是指把子们和组织联系起来。故选A项。
14．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰克和马克斯忙于学校、课外活动和其他社区服务承诺。familiar熟悉的；patient有耐心的；busy繁忙的；content 满足的。be busy with sth忙于某事。故选C项。
15．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kids That Do Good也发帖建议孩子们建立自己的慈善活动。remembering记住；describing描述；celebrating庆祝；building建立。根据空后的“their own charitable event”可知，是建立他们自己的慈善活动。故选D项。UNIT 4 Period Two
基础练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In the end，the boy admitted ________(make) a mistake and apologised to his partner.
2．His experiences in Africa are still so ________(memory) to him that he still remembers them all.
3．His suit was ________(wrinkle) and he looked very tired.
4．Many old people in the US are living in bad __________(house).
5．He got up and ________ (drag) his chair toward the table.
6．The ________(disable) are taken good care of in my city since the government provides aid for them.
7．You must be ________(responsibility) for what you are doing right now.
8．There is no doubt ________ our life will become better and better in the future.
9．The traffic accident took place just all of a sudden on the highway，________(leave) ten people injured.
10．When she ________ (resign)，he was named to the committee in her place.
【答案】1．having made 2．memorable
3．wrinkled 4．housing/houses 5．dragged
6．disabled 7．responsible 8．that
9．leaving 10．resigned
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．In the end，she __________________________________ the comfort zone.
她最后终于把她自己拉出了舒适区。
2．The students gave the teacher __________________________ good comment.
学生们给予了这位老师一致的好评。
3．__________________________________ to discuss the problem again.
没有必要再讨论那个问题了。
4．This problem deserves __________________________________ carefully.
这个问题值得好好研究一下。
5．She __________________ she was not careful enough.
她承认她不够仔细。
6．I can ______________ to catch you at least.
我跑得足够快，至少能追上你。
7．I know he is slow at understanding，but you have to ____________________．
我知道他理解力差，但你得对他耐心些。
8．Strict rules ban any musical instrument，cigarettes，games，and singing，______________ radio，television，telephone，telegraph，and newspaper.
这里律例严格，禁止任何乐器、香烟、游戏、唱歌，更不用提收音机、电视机、电报和报纸了。
【答案】1．dragged herself out of
2．a chorus of 3．There is no need
4．to be discussed 5．admitted that
6．run fast enough 7．be patient with him
8．not to mention
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A research team led by Del Pozo Cruz from the University of Southern Denmark，recently published a study that found walking 10,000 steps a day lowered the risk for dementia(痴呆) by 50%.
However，if walking occurred at a brisk pace of 112 steps a minute for 30 minutes，it maximised risk reduction，leading to a 62% reduction in dementia risk.The 30 minutes of fast-paced walking didn’t have to occur all at once — it could be spread out over the day.“Our take is that intensity of stepping matters — over and above volume，” said Cruz.
The new study followed 78,500 people between the ages of 40 and 79 from England，Scotland and Wales who wore wrist step counters for 24 hours a day over a seven-day stretch.After counting each person’s total number of steps each day，researchers placed them into two categories: Fewer than 40 steps per minute，which is more like when you’re walking from room to room — and more than 40 steps per minute，or so-called “purposeful” walking.A third category was created for peak performers — those who took the most steps per minute within 30 minutes over the course of a day.
About seven years later，researchers compared that data to medical records and found people who took the most steps per minute showed the biggest reduction in risk for cancer，heart disease and early death from any cause.
Researchers found the association between peak 30-minute steps and risk reduction to be dependent on the disease studied: There was a 62% reduction for dementia，an 80% decline for cardiovascular disease and death，and about a 20% drop in risk for cancer.
What’s the takeaway？You don’t have to fixate on(专注于) the numbers of steps.“Spend 30 minutes being breathless at whatever pace you’re at，and then keep challenging yourself to be slightly unsatisfied at your current level so you can get better and better，” said Dr Andrew Freeman.
( )1．Which aspect of walking does the study focus on
A．Its time.
B．Its pace.
C．Its length.
D．Its popularity.
( )2．What can we learn about the subjects in the third category
A．They are the oldest.
B．They are from Wales.
C．They walk the quickest.
D．They walk without step counters.
( )3．What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the study
A．Its findings.
B．Its procedures.
C．Its medical application.
D．Its theoretical significance.
( )4．What does Freeman advise walkers to do
A．Count their steps as exactly as possible.
B．Spare themselves 30 minutes every day.
C．Aim a little higher than their present level.
D．Set a specific goal for themselves each day.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现如果以每分钟112步的快走速度行走30分钟，则可最大限度地降低风险，使痴呆风险降低62%。文章也介绍了研究开展的过程以及结果。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However，if walking occurred at a brisk pace of 112 steps a minute for 30 minutes，it maximised risk reduction，leading to a 62% reduction in dementia risk.The 30 minutes of fast-paced walking didn’t have to occur all at once — it could be spread out over the day.‘Our take is that intensity of stepping matters — over and above volume，’ said Cruz.”可知，这项研究关注的是步行速度。故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A third category was created for peak performers — those who took the most steps per minute within 30 minutes over the course of a day(第三类是为表现最好的人设计的——在一天中30分钟内每分钟走的步数最多的人。).”可知，第三类人走路最快。故选C项。
3．A 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Researchers found the association between peak 30-minute steps and risk reduction to be dependent on the disease studied: There was a 62% reduction for dementia，an 80% decline for cardiovascular disease and death，and about a 20% drop in risk for cancer(研究人员发现，30分钟的步数峰值与风险降低之间的关联取决于所研究的疾病：痴呆风险降低62%，心血管疾病和死亡风险降低80%，癌症风险降低约20%。).”可知，第五段主要告诉我们研究结果。故选A项。
4．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“What’s the takeaway？You don’t have to fixate on(专注于) the numbers of steps.‘Spend 30 minutes being breathless at whatever pace you’re at，and then keep challenging yourself to be slightly unsatisfied at your current level so you can get better and better，’ said Dr Andrew Freeman.”可知，弗里曼建议步行者的目标比他们现在的水平高一点。故选C项。
Ⅱ.七选五
How often do you hear yourself saying things like “It’s not my fault.I had no control over this.”？Can you accept that too often you seem to be blaming people or circumstances for things that happen to you
__1__In this way you can put all the faults and the problems on others.That’s nice and convenient.Actually，it’s just an attempt to refuse to take responsibility for your own faults，doing nothing about it.
There really is no benefit in blaming people or circumstances.By ignoring your own contribution to the situation or insisting that others are to blame，you are refusing to take control of your life.__2__
So it’s better to try to control your reactions rather than blame others.__3__Essentially，you must stop letting other people’s actions affect you.Think about your own response and take charge.Respond by taking action to address what can be addressed.__4__
Never again allow yourself to say “I can’t help it.It wasn’t my fault.” George Bernard Shaw said，“People are always blaming their circumstances for what they are.__5__I admire people who look for the circumstances they want，and if they can’t find them，make them.”
A．They will blame you，too.
B．I have never been blamed.
C．I don’t believe in circumstances.
D．It’s very easy to point the finger.
E.You should respond in the right way.
F．Once you do this，you will never waste time blaming.
G.You，therefore，will feel helpless about your situation.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人不应该把发生的事情归咎于别人或者环境。这只是一种拒绝为自己的错误承担责任的尝试。
1．D 根据下文“In this way you can put all the faults and the problems on others.That’s nice and convenient.Actually，it’s just an attempt to refuse to take responsibility for your own faults，doing nothing about it(这样你就可以把所有的过错和问题都推给别人。这很好也很方便。实际上，这只是一种拒绝为自己的错误承担责任的尝试，完全不起任何作用。).”可知，后文提到把过错和问题推给别人，故本句说明在指责他人的情况。故D项“指责别人(point the finger) 很容易。”符合语境，下文“this way”指的就是选项内容。故选D项。
2．G 根据上文“There really is no benefit in blaming people or circumstances.By ignoring your own contribution to the situation or insisting that others are to blame，you are refusing to take control of your life(责备别人或环境真的没有好处。如果你忽视了自己对现状的作用，或者坚持认为是别人的错，你就拒绝掌控自己的生活。).”可知，上文论述了责备别人或环境没有好处，本句为本段最后一句。由此可知，本句指出这对自己处境的影响：会对自己的处境感到无助。故G项“因此，你会对自己的处境感到无助。”符合语境。故选G项。
3．E 根据上文“So it’s better to try to control your reactions rather than blame others(所以最好是控制自己的反应，而不是责怪别人。).”以及后文“Essentially，you must stop letting other people’s actions affect you.Think about your own response and take charge.Respond by taking action to address what can be addressed(从根本上说，你必须停止让别人的行为影响你。想想你自己的反应，然后掌控局面。采取行动解决可以解决的问题。).”可知，上文提到控制自己的反应，不要责怪别人，故本句是在说明应该用正确的方式回应。故E项“你应该用正确的方式回应。”符合语境。故选E项。
4．F 根据上文“Essentially，you must stop letting other people’s actions affect you.Think about your own response and take charge.Respond by taking action to address what can be addressed(从根本上说，你必须停止让别人的行为影响你。想想你自己的反应，然后掌控局面。采取行动解决可以解决的问题。).”可知，上文提到了具体的方法，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文，说明这么做的好处。故F项“一旦你这样做了，你就不会浪费时间责怪别人了。”符合语境。故选F项。
5．C 根据上文“Never again allow yourself to say ‘I can’t help it.It wasn’t my fault.’ George Bernard Shaw said，‘People are always blaming their circumstances for what they are’(永远不要再允许自己说‘我没办法。这不是我的错。’萧伯纳说过：‘人们总是把自己的处境归咎于环境’。).”以及后文“I admire people who look for the circumstances they want，and if they can’t find them，make them(我钦佩那些寻找他们想要的环境的人，如果他们找不到环境，就自己创造环境。).”可知，后文提到钦佩寻找想要机会的人，可见萧伯纳并不相信环境。故C项“我不相信环境。”符合语境。故选C项。UNIT 4 Period Three
基础练
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．The boy hasn’t learnt arithmetic，__________________ algebra.
这孩子算术还没学会，更谈不上代数了。
2．I ______________ my grandmother will recover from her illness.
我祈祷我的祖母能够从疾病中康复。
3．A new high-speed railway is ____________ between the two cities.
两个城市之间的一条新的高速铁路正在建设中。
4．It makes us appreciate things we normally __________________________．
它让我们感激我们通常认为理所当然的东西。
5．When talking to families with overweight children，he tells pediatricians to ________ a “message of hope” ________ them.
他告诉儿科医生，在与有超重儿童的家人交谈时，要传达给他们有希望的信息。
6．________________________________will go to study in a university in Britain next month.
那位穿着红色衣服的女孩下周将去英国的一所大学学习。
7．Since they ________________________，these old people look quite healthy for their age.
由于他们积极参加体育运动，这些老人看起来很健康。
8．He has defeated many players in the last few games and looks _____________________.
他在最近几场比赛中击败了许多对手，看起来对自己很有信心。
【答案】1．not to mention 2．pray that
3．under construction 4．take for granted
5．relay；to 6．The girl dressed in red
7．are active in sports 8．confident about himself
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The old man suggested our ________(stay) in the village for the night.
2．Many people are allergic ________ this kind of flowers.So you should take care.
3．________(late)，Mr Brown has been in poor health due to the bad weather.
4．I don’t know why the parcel ________(send) by my father hasn’t reached me yet.
5．________(tell) the truth，I take no interest in playing basketball.
6．You shouldn’t take ________ for granted that you deserve such a comfortable life.
7．________I think this problem is rather difficult，I don’t think it is too difficult to be settled.
8．That young man is too rude to be in good tune ________ his colleagues in the office.
9．I’ll stand by you and I’m ________(support) of anything you do and you say.
10．The government is offering enough support for those with ________(disable).
【答案】1．staying 2．to 3．Lately 4．sent
5．To tell 6．it 7．While/Though/Although
8．with 9．supportive 10．disabilities
提升练
阅读理解
A
EcoCentral
This website is all about looking after the earth.There are facts about different animals，as well as information about forests，deserts and oceans: You can upload your own videos onto the site for everyone to see.
TeenPress
This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing.You can share your work with others，and there are message boards where you can chat about things that are important to you.
ChannelTwenty
On this site you can watch a daily news program and search for information about big news stories.There are also videos on different subjects，articles about famous bands，games and competitions.
Inside-the-cover
Finding out about your favourite writers is easy on this site.There are lots of interesting articles and information about the latest books.You can read blogs by well-known writers and post questions to them.And you are likely to get replies from them.
Tune-in
There are millions of songs on this website for you to download or listen to online.You can save your favourite songs in your own list.If you’re in a band，you can record your music and upload it.The website is large，but the menus are easy to use.
ScienceZone
There’s lots of information on this site about math，chemistry and biology.You can visit some of the world’s most famous museums，or watch wildlife via webcams.There are also some very cool games，such as Save the Planet.
( )1．TeenPress is a website for teenagers who ________.
A．enjoy writing
B．care about the earth
C．like watching the news
D．are interested in music
( )2．On Inside-the-cover，you can ________．
A．take writing classes
B．share your articles
C．learn about the latest books
D．answer the writers’ questions
( )3．If you like visiting online museums，which website is best for you
A．EcoCentral. B．ScienceZone.
C．Tune-in. D．ChannelTwenty.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了六个网站，分别涉及了生态、写作、新闻、新书、歌曲和博物馆方面的信息。
1．A 细节理解题。根据TeenPress部分的“This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing.”可知，TeenPress是一个为喜欢写作的青少年开设的网站。故选A项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据Inside-the-cover部分的“There are lots of interesting articles and information about the latest books.”可知，在Inside-the-cover，你可以了解最新的书籍。故选C项。
3．B 细节理解题。根据ScienceZone部分的“You can visit some of the world’s most famous museums，or watch wildlife via webcams.”可知，如果你喜欢参观网上博物馆，ScienceZone最适合你。故选B项。
B
Do you ever get the feeling that you’re being watched？Well，you might be right.
According to a study published in Nature on June 23，astronomers have found that 1,715 stars have had a direct view of Earth since humans have been here.
In order to do this，scientists used a previous method that looked for life on other planets.But instead，they changed the method so it could try to determine what places could see us.
The team looked at 331,312 stars within 326 light-years of Earth，with each light-year equaling 9.4 trillion kilometres.Out of all those stars，only 1,715 of them could see Earth within the last 5,000 years，with an extra 319 stars that will be able to see us in the next 5,000 years.
“When I look up at the sky，it looks a little bit friendlier because it’s like，maybe somebody is waving，” said Lisa Kaltenegger，director of the Carl Sagan Institute at Cornell University，US，and the study’s lead writer.
If a planet circling around one of those 1,715 stars is home to advanced life，they could easily see that there is life here because of the oxygen on Earth.If that didn’t give it away，then the radio waves we have sent out into space would also be an indicator.In fact，human-made radio waves have already travelled through 75 of the closest stars on Kaltenegger’s list.
Why haven’t we heard from anyone yet，then
It takes a long time for messages to travel between star systems.By the time a message could be received，that advanced civilisation would probably not exist anymore.
Alan Boss，a scientist at the Carnegie Institution for Science in the US who wasn’t part of the study，wrote in an email that this long time would limit the chances for different life to exchange “emails and online videos”．
“So we should not expect aliens to show up anytime soon，” Boss said.
( )4．How many stars will be able to see us in the next 5,000 years
A．2,034． B．1,715．
C．1,396． D．319．
( )5．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 6 refer to
A．The oxygen on Earth.
B．Advanced life.
C．A planet circling around one of those 1,715 stars.
D．Human-made radio waves.
( )6．What could prevent humans from exchanging messages with aliens according to Boss
A．Human-made radio waves cannot travel far.
B．Aliens don’t exist.
C．They cannot understand each other.
D．It takes a long time for messages to travel.
( )7．What is the purpose of the text
A．To raise reader’s interest in Aliens.
B．To present new findings published in a study.
C．To discuss if there is advanced life on other stars.
D．To explain how messages travel between different star systems.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。根据6月23日发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究，天文学家发现，自人类来到地球以来，有1 715颗恒星可以被直接观测到。
4．A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Out of all those stars，only 1,715 of them could see Earth within the last 5,000 years，with an extra 319 stars that will be able to see us in the next 5,000 years.”可知，在未来5 000年有(1 715＋319＝)2034颗恒星可以看到我们。故选A项。
5．A 代词指代题。根据第五段中的“If a planet circling around one of those 1,715 stars is home to advanced life，they could easily see that there is life here because of the oxygen on Earth.”可知，因为地球上有氧气，所以他们很容易就能看到这里有生命。结合画线词所在句“If that didn’t give it away，then the radio waves we have sent out into space would also be an indicator.”可知，如果氧气不能说明问题，那么我们发射到太空的无线电波也会是一个指示器。由此可知，that指代上文的“the oxygen on Earth”。故选A项。
6．D 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“It takes a long time for messages to travel between star systems.By the time a message could be received，that advanced civilisation would probably not exist anymore.”及倒数第二段“Alan Boss，a scientist at the Carnegie Institution for Science in the US who wasn’t part of the study，wrote in an email that this long time would limit the chances for different life to exchange ‘emails and online videos’．”可知，根据Boss的说法，信息传播需要很长时间，这阻止了人类与外星人交换信息。故选D项。
7．B 目的意图题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段和第四段可知，文章讲述了根据6月23日发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究。天文学家发现，自人类来到地球以来，有1 715颗恒星可以被直接观测到。由此可知，文章的写作目的是展示发表在一项研究中的新发现。故选B项。UNIT 4 Period Four
基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．As we all know，glass ________(收缩) when it cools.
2．Mother is always singing a nice ________(曲调) when she is happy.
3．My elder sister works as the ________(顾问) manager in this company.
4．My brother is a very skillful ________(机械师) who works in this garage.
5．He has lots of friends to ________(分享) his sorrows and happiness.
6．I’m sorry you fail to meet this ________(标准).That’s why you are not admitted.
7．It’s a common problem，the one I’m asked about most when I’m on the lecture ______(巡回).
8．My father wanted me to become a professional and have more __________(稳定性).
【答案】1．contracts 2．tune
3．consultant 4．mechanic 5．share
6．criterion 7．circuit 8．stability
Ⅱ.短语填空
meet the criteria，engage in，be opposed to，pay for，set up，be committed to，a pair of, look forward to
1．I am __________________ the house by monthly installments.
2．Everybody is __________________ such a golden chance to study in Tsinghua University.
3．This rule was so strict that many people __________________ it at the meeting.
4．I’d like to buy __________________ socks as my old pair is worn out.
5．His mother __________________ adult education in a university before she retired.
6．All the employees in our company __________________ their daily work.
7．If you fail to ________________，you won’t be able to be admitted to our company.
8．Mike ____________ a small business two years ago，and now it is going on quite well.
【答案】1．paying for 2．looking forward to
3．were opposed to 4．a pair of
5．engaged in 6．are committed to
7．meet the criteria 8．set up
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The wealthy man ________ one million yuan ________ this school last week.
上周，这位富翁为这所学校捐献了一百万元。
2．You ________________________ the shoe manufacturer doesn’t discontinue your running shoe!
你应该祈祷，鞋子制造商没有中断你跑步鞋的制造！
3．We always ______________________________________ what others do is wrong.
我们总是想当然地认为别人的做法总是错误的。
4．It is my __________________________ these children.
照顾这些孩子是我的职责。
5．My suggestion is ________ we ________ to our teacher tomorrow.
我的建议是明天我们看望我们的老师。
【答案】1．contributed；to
2．should pray that
3．take it for granted that
4．duty to look after/take care of
5．that；pay a visit
提升练
Ⅰ.七选五
It’s not difficult to grow a herb garden.A little patience goes a long way because it may take three to four weeks for all your seeds to germinate(发芽).__1__
Find the Right Location
Herbs really like the sunshine.It’s best to plant in late spring.And make sure they are planted or can be moved to get plenty of direct sunlight.__2__ You can start your herb garden in the ground or in plant pots.
Pick Your Herbs
__3__ Rosemary，oregano，dill，savory and thyme are good for cooking.Lavender works in wreaths and sachets.And your cats will love catnip.You can choose your herbs based on how you want to use them.Or you might want to grow herbs that are large and/or beautiful.You want to fill your herb garden with sweetness and flavour!
__4__
You can plant from seeds or use starter plants.Use good potting soil with organic or vegetable fertiliser.And mix it according to the package directions.Plant your herbs in damp soil.Water them when the soil is dry.Don’t over-water.Over-watering can be just as bad for herbs as under-watering.Every couple of weeks it’s a good idea to add more natural fertilizer.
Time to Harvest
When the plant is 6 to 8 centimetres tall，it is time to harvest your herbs for the first time.Just cut about 1/3 of the plant’s new growth.Many herbs grow their new leaves from mid plant.Make your cuts close to an intersection of the leaf and branch.__5__
A．Prepare Your Herb Garden
B．Plant Your Herbs at a Good Distance
C．You might want to have a variety of herbs.
D．Here are some details on how to grow a beautiful herb garden.
E．If they stay in too cold temperature，they will die in a short time.
F．By cutting this way，you can speed up the re-growth of your plants.
G．Anywhere between 70 to 90 Fahrenheit degrees is the suitable growing temperature.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在本文中，作者给我们讲述了如何种植好我们花园里的各种草本植物。
1．D 根据后文内容可以看出，本文主要是给我们提出四种建议，告诉我们如何在花园里种香草。分析语境可知，本空应是承上启下的句子，选项D在含义上与文章的逻辑相符合。故选D项。
2．G 通读第二段可知，这一段主要说明的是花园的合适的温度与光照。选项G在含义上与段落相符合。故选G项。
3．C 通读第三段可知，这一段主要说明的是可以在花园中种植的各种香草。选项C可作为本段的主题句。后面的内容，都是具体介绍可选择的草本植物。故选C项。
4．A 本空要求选择本部分的小标题。通读第四段可知，这一段主要说明的是种植香草的各种准备工作。选项A在含义上可以较好地涵盖全段内容。故选A项。
5．F 根据本空前面的关键词“cuts”可以确定，这一段主要说明的是香草的收割。选项F在含义上承接上文。故选F项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2023新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo，I almost always get a questioning look.Behind it，the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals
Since June 2017，right before the 1．________(arrive) of the two new pandas，Meng Meng and Jiao Qing，I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2．________(confidence) speaking English.And who do they speak English 3．________？
Not the pandas，even though 4．________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5．________(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas，which are on loan from China.They also need to be ready to give 6．________(interview) in English with international journalists.This is 7．________ they need an English trainer.
So，what are they learning？8．________ (basic)，how to describe a panda’s life.It’s been an honour to watch the panda programme develop 9．________ to see the pandas settle into their new home.As a little girl，I 10．________(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now，I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语，大家都很疑惑，作者对此做出了解答。
1．arrival 考查名词。句意：自从2017年6月以来，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空格处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，为不可数名词。故填arrival。
2．confident 考查形容词。句意：同上题。分析句子结构可知，空格处和上文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
3．with 考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，此处的语序可以看成“they speak English who”，句子中有主语they，speak后的宾语English与who之间缺少一个介词。根据句意可推知，此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配speak with sb，意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。
4．the 考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表示特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
5．visiting 考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空格处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting，意为“来访的”。故填visiting。
6．interviews 考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空格处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”，为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填interviews。
7．why 考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，从句结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，上文提到需要培训师的原因，此处表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
8．Basically 考查副词。句意：基本上，(他们学习)如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰后面的整个句子，应该用basic的副词形式，即basically。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Basically。
9．and 考查连词。句意：很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展和熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。
10．wished 考查动词的时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句的谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知，时态用一般过去时。故填wished。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
为庆祝建校100周年，你校将举办学生校园摄影(photography)作品展。假如你是学生会主席李华，请用英语写一则通知。
内容包括：
1．作品要求；
2．截止日期；
3．投稿方式。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．通知的格式已给出；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
One possible version：
Notice
To celebrate the 100th anniversary of the foundation of our school，we are planning to hold a campus photography exhibition.Every one of you is welcome to submit your photos.
Preference，by all means，will be given to those entries recording the most impressive and memorable moments happening on the campus.Originality is also among the requirements for being included.Plus，the entries are supposed to be inspiring and uplifting，displaying the positive side of the campus life.Should you be interested，email your entries before July 20th to 100thCPE@.
The Students’ UnionUNIT 4 SHARING
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Reading on the Go
*FReader
A standard reading app for ebooks and audiobooks，FReader supports a variety of formats.The program is very pleasant to the eye and is adjustable to various spectrums(光谱).Apart from being a reading app，FReader has an integrated translator for five languages (English，Russian，German，French，and Ukrainian)，making the app attractive to people across the world.You can also select a section of the page you are reading and share it via social networks，Bluetooth，SMS and other methods.
Cool features: Four themes，supports five languages，advanced 3D animations，scans the device for all existing formats，Text-to-Speech.
Business model: Free app.Only a standard free plan is available.
*AIReader
Although it can read every type of books，AIReader is specially designed for Sci-Fi lovers.The app doesn’t support iOS，but you can open many book formats on your Android phone.This app has enhanced graphical(图解的) features and a wide range of customisation options that focus on providing the best quality for fictional book reading.
Cool features: Text-To-Speech.External dictionaries，advanced adjustment of the visual supports E-Ink devices.
Business model: Free app.AIReader doesn’t sell books，but you can simply purchase digital products elsewhere and upload them to the reading app.
*Nook
Nook is strongly integrated with the online store Banes & Noble.You can buy you ebooks anywhere and they will automatically appear in the Nook library.The app supports most ebook formats.
Cool features: Wishlist，Article View，Parental Mode for children，customisation of all the visual features.
Business model: Free app.With the partnership with Banes & Noble，you can find over a million free books on their website or purchase new titles for the price of as low as ￡0.99．
*Scribd
Scribd has come a long way from the document-reading app it was initially.Today，it is one of the most famous programs with over a million titles in its library.Upon registration，you get a 30-day demo account that lets you read all the books you want for free! Apart from books，Scribd provides comic books，audiobooks articles，scientific studies，court cases and uncommon genres that no other app offers.You can even publish your own book on this platform.
Cool features: Book sync across different devices，audiobooks.
Business model: 30-day free trial.The monthly subscription for unlimited access to Scribd’s available material is ￡8.99．
( )1．Why is FReader attractive to international readers
A．It doesn’t harm your eyes.
B．lt has many customisation options.
C．It has a powerful integrated translator.
D．Users can share what they read via social networks.
( )2．What can you do with AIReader
A．Buy Sci-Fi books. B．Enjoy great graphics.
C．Read on an iOS device. D．Publish your own writing.
( )3．You can read books from Banes & Noble for free on ________．
A．FReader B．AIReader
C．Nook D．Scribd
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个阅读应用程序的阅读方式、特色和商业模式。
1．C 细节理解题。由第一个小标题下的“...FReader has an integrated translator for five languages(English，Russian，German，French，and Ukrainian)，making the app attractive to people across the world.”可知，除了作为阅读应用程序外，FReader还集成了五种语言(英语、俄语、德语、法语和乌克兰语)的翻译器，使得该应用程序对世界各地的读者具有吸引力。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。由第二个小标题下的“This app has enhanced graphical(图解的) features and a wide range of customisation options that focus on providing the best quality for fictional book reading.”可知，AIReader具有增强的图形功能和广泛的定制选项，专注于为小说阅读提供最佳质量。故选B项。
3．C 细节理解题。由第三个小标题下的“Business model: Free app.With the partnership with Bames & Noble，you can find over a million free books on their website or purchase new titles for the price of as low as ￡ 0.99．”可知，Nook通过与Bames & Noble的合作，读者可以在他们的网站上找到100多万本免费书籍，或以低至0.99英镑的价格购买新书籍。故选C项。
B
Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work，others think that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying.But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes，accompanied by an article from the local paper，has made a northern German city believe in fairytales(童话).
The first envelope was sent to a victim support group.It contained 10,000 with a cutting from the Braunschweiger Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag；similar plain white anonymous(匿名)envelopes，each containing 10,000，then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.
The envelopes keep coming，and so far at least 190,000 has been distributed.Last month，one of them was sent to the newspaper’s own office.It came after a story it published about Tom，a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident.The receptionist at the Braunschweiger Zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of 500 inside，with a copy of the article.The name of the family was underlined.
“I was driving when I heard the news，” Claudia Neumann，the boy’s mother，told DerSpiegel magazine.“I had to park on the side of the road；I was speechless.”
The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible，and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.
“For someone to act so selflessly，for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself，it was astonishing，” Mrs Neumann said.Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character，taking from banks to give to the needy.
Henning Noske，the editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung，said，“Maybe it is an old person who is about to die.We just do not know.” However，he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero，for fear that discovery may stop the donations.
( )4．The Braunschweiger Zeitung is the name of ________.
A．a church B．a bank
C．a newspaper D．a magazine
( )5．Which of the following is TRUE about the donation to Tom
A．The donation amounted to 190,000．
B．The donation was sent directly to his house.
C．The money will be used for his education.
D．His mother felt astonished at the donation.
( )6．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．the donator is a rich old man B．the donation will continue to come
C．the donation comes from the newspaper D．the donator will soon be found out
( )7．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Money Is Raised by the Newspaper
B．Newspaper Distributes Money to People
C．Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes
D．Robin Hood Returns to the City
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述一个匿名英雄用信封捐钱来默默传递爱心的故事，这告诉我们：爱心无处不在，要学会用自己的爱来温暖身边那些需要帮助的人群，那么这个世界将会变成美好的人间。
4．C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“accompanied by an article from the local paper”可推知， Braunschweiger Zeitung是一份报纸的名字。另外，第三段第二句中的“one of them was sent to the newspaper’s own office”也在提示这是报纸的名字。故选C项。
5．D 细节理解题。根据第四段谈到这位受害男孩母亲听到她孩子被匿名捐赠的消息后说的一句话“I was speechless.”以及倒数第二段中的“For someone to act so selflessly，for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself，was astonishing...”可知，她很震惊。故选D项。
6．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“However，he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero，for fear that discovery may stop the donations.”可知，报纸的编辑告诉记者不要找这个城市的英雄，因为担心发现后他就可能不再进行捐赠的活动，由此推知这个匿名捐赠活动还会继续下去。故选B项。
7．C 标题推测题。本文主要讲述用信封匿名捐赠的事情在社会上引起很大反响，这个捐赠者还会继续把这个善举进行下去，故C项“Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes(匿名英雄用信封传递爱)”最能概括文章大意。故选C项。
C
A simple project to help a family in need stopped Luke Mickelson in his tracks.In 2012，he and his family were inspired to build and donate a bunk bed，one bed on top of the other，after learning there were local children who slept on the floor.Shocked to discover how widespread this need was in his community，Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace，a nonprofit organisation that builds and delivers beds to children in need.
Born and raised in Idaho，Mickelson，now 41，had a thriving career.He coached his kids’ sports teams and fished in the nearby river.But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor，his peaceful life changed course.
Using safety guidelines and his daughter’s bunk bed as a model，Mickelson started buying wood and supplies to build beds with his own money.He recruited friends and family members to help around the holidays.As the word spread，interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded along with Mickelson’s bunk bed output.“That first project，we built 11 bunk beds in my garage，” he said.“The next year，we did 15．Then it doubled every year.In 2017，we built 612 bunk beds.”
With the motto “No kid sleeps on the floor in our town”，the nonprofit organisation and its more than 65 branches have built and delivered more than 1,500 free beds to children across America.But along with the rapid growth，Mickelson was faced with a tough choice: advancing his career or his nonprofit organisation.He chose the latter and went from making “great money to zero money”．He’s never looked back.“I found that the need I have isn’t financial，” he said.“The need I have is seeing the joy on kids’ faces，knowing that I can make a difference.”
( )8．Why did Mickelson set up Sleep in Heavenly Peace
A．To get more donations. B．To make a big fortune.
C．To inspire his community. D．To donate beds to kids in need.
( )9．What do we know about Luke Mickelson
A．He originally had a very good career.
B．He changed his career from time to time.
C．He used to sleep on the floor when he was a kid.
D．He had his own fish farm.
( )10．How did other people react to Mickelson’s project
A．They showed little interest in it.
B．They were supportive and involved in it.
C．They were doubtful about the safety of the bunk bed.
D．They volunteered to buy beds with their own money.
( )11．What is Mickelson’s attitude on the nonprofit organisation
A．Ambiguous. B．Defensive.
C．Positive. D．Cautious.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。为了让自己社区无床可睡的孩子们能够有床睡觉，米克尔森成立了一个公益组织Sleep in Heavenly Peace。受到他的影响，其他人也纷纷来帮助这些孩子。
8．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的“a nonprofit organisation that builds and delivers beds to children in need”可知，米克尔森创建这个非营利组织是为了帮助无床可睡的贫困儿童做床并捐赠给他们。故选D项。
9．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mickelson，now 41，had a thriving career.He coached his kids’ sports teams and fished in the nearby river.”可知，他原本有着很好的事业，过着轻松的生活。 故选A项。
10．B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As the word spread，interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded...”可知，随着这个消息的传播，来自他的社区和其他社区的感兴趣的人和参与的人越来越多，即其他人支持并参与米克尔森的项目。故选B项。
11．C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段米克尔森所说的话“The need I have is seeing the joy on kids’ faces，knowing that I can make a difference.” 可知，Mickelson放弃了自己的事业，选择从事非营利组织的活动，因为他想要看到孩子们脸上的喜悦，他知道他在做一些有影响的事情。由此可以推断，他对这个组织持积极的态度。故选C项。
D
Star Wars fans would be familiar with the relationship between humans and droids in the movies，like Lando Calrissian who risked his life to rescue a female droid L3-37．In the real world，a humanoid robot，Sophia，was granted citizenship in Saudi Arabia.Increasingly，people are ready to see robots as beyond mere metal and plastics and instead as human-like companions，friends and even children.Given this phenomenon，I believe it is necessary to consider giving robots certain rights humans enjoy.
Experts have argued it’s appropriate to consider if they should have human rights.Sophia has a humanlike face and uses artificial intelligence to respond to speech and express emotions.Does it not deserve the right to be loved and respected？In 2014，a Canadian robot，hitchBOT had his head cut off while hitch-hiking in the US，causing a massive grief from the public.This will therefore set us on the path to consider ethical issues concerning robots.
A more persuasive reason for this is the protection of social values.We should certainly stop a young child from kicking or tearing a toy robot apart not that it is an expensive toy but，more importantly that the robot resembles a real life.Allowing the abuse of such a robot may lead a child to think that abusing a live pet such as a dog is acceptable.Giving robots certain rights will ensure that social standards are set and keep children，and even adults，from engaging in undesirable behaviour.
Still，many have strongly argued that robots are not flesh and blood，unlike human beings；however complicated they may be，they are still machines.It is therefore ridiculous to treat them as living beings.While there is some truth，with advances in technology，it is a matter of time before sentient robots become a reality and we would have to consider granting them rights.
In conclusion，deciding whether robots deserve human rights is by no means an easy task，but now is the time to seriously consider the possibility and our moral and legal obligations towards them since it is not ethical to deny rights and protection to sentient beings or loved ones.
( )12．Why does the author mention L3-37 and Sophia in Paragraph 1
A．To provide examples of humanlike robots.
B．To illustrate the success of the movie.
C．To introduce the topic of the passage.
D．To stress the importance of AI robots.
( )13．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Stopping harming robots. B．Setting social standards.
C．Granting robots human rights. D．Creating lifelike robots.
( )14．What’s the main topic of the passage
A．How should we see robots
B．Are robots humans or machines
C．Why should robots be given human rights
D．Should robots be granted human rights
( )15．How does the author support his idea
A．By narrating facts. B．By analysing causes.
C．By making comparisons. D．By stating reasons.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。人们越来越愿意将机器人视为不仅仅是金属和塑料，而是像伙伴、朋友甚至孩子一样的人类。本文的作者论述了应该赋予机器人人权的理由。
12．C 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，《星球大战》的粉丝们应该对电影中人类和机器人的关系很熟悉，比如兰多·卡瑞辛冒着生命危险救了一个女机器人L3-37。在现实世界中，一个名叫Sophia的人形机器人获得了沙特阿拉伯的公民身份。人们越来越愿意将机器人视为不仅仅是金属和塑料，而是像伙伴、朋友甚至孩子一样的人类。鉴于这种现象，我认为有必要考虑赋予机器人某些人类享有的权利。由此可推知，作者在第一段提到L3-37和Sophia是为了引出文章的主题。故选C项。
13．C 代词指代题。根据第一段中的“Given this phenomenon，I believe it is necessary to consider giving robots certain rights humans enjoy.”可知，作者认为有必要考虑赋予机器人某些人类享有的权利；第二段中的“Experts have argued it’s appropriate to consider if they should have human rights.”论述了第一个理由，再根据画线词后的“is the protection of social values”可知，应该给予机器人人权的第二个理由是保护社会价值观。故this指的是“给予机器人人权”。故选C项。
14．C 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Increasingly，people are ready to see robots as beyond mere metal and plastics and instead as humans like companions，friends and even children.Given this phenomenon，I believe it is necessary to consider giving robots certain rights humans enjoy.”以及最后一段可知，作者论述了应该赋予机器人人权的理由。由此可推知，文章的主题是“为什么机器人应该被赋予人权？”故选C项。
15．D 推理判断题。由第二段可知，专家们认为，考虑机器人是否应该享有人权是恰当的。Sophia有被一张像人的脸，并使用人工智能来回应语言和表达情感。难道它不值得被爱和尊重吗？在2014年，加拿大机器人“搭便车机器人”在美国搭便车时被砍头，引起了公众的极大悲痛。因此，这将使我们走上考虑有关机器人的伦理问题的道路。由第三段可知，一个给予机器人人权的更有说服力的理由是保护社会价值观。 我们当然应该阻止一个小孩踢或撕裂一个玩具机器人，不是因为它是一个昂贵的玩具，而是更重要的是，机器人就像一个真实的生命。允许虐待这样的机器人可能会让孩子认为虐待一只活生生的宠物，比如一只狗，是可以接受的。赋予机器人一定的权利将确保社会标准的制定，并防止儿童甚至成年人从事不良的行为。由此可推知，作者通过陈述理由支持他的观点。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.__16__，there are several ways to handle things.Let’s take a look at them now.
__17__．Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then.__18__．It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone，don’t do it in your own office.__19__，it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office，make good use of it.__20__．If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter，excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint that when the door is closed，you’re not to be disturbed.
A．If you’re busy，don’t feel bad about saying no
B．When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C．Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes
D．If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E．It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F．It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G．Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“打扰”这一话题展开说明。由于在工作中被打扰是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，因此，作者提出了四点建议，以防止此类事件发生。
16．B 根据上文“Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.”及下文“there are several ways to handle things”可知，空处与后半句构成一个完整的句子。B项“When you want to avoid interruptions at work(当你想要避免工作被打扰的时候).”符合语境。故选B项。
17．A 根据下文“Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.”可知，这一段主要是说明学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。A项“If you’re busy，don’t feel bad about saying no(如果你很忙，不要因为说‘不’而感到不好意思).”符合语境。故选A项。
18．E 根据上文“When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then.”及下文“It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.”可知，此处衔接上下文，E项“It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available(让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的).”符合语境。故选E项。
19．D 根据上文“When you need to talk to someone，don’t do it in your own office(当你需要和某人交谈时，不要在你自己的办公室里这么做).”及下文“it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are(找借口回去工作要比在解释完自己有多忙后还试图让别人离开你的空间要容易得多).”可知，D项“If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area(如果你在别人的办公室或公共场所)”能和后半句构成一个完整的句子。故选D项。
20．G 根据上文“If you have a door to your office，make good use of it(如果你的办公室有一扇门，好好利用它).”可知，此段主要是说明如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。G项“Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not(当你有空的时候让它开着，不方便的时候就把它关上).”符合语境。故选G项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
During my junior year of college，I signed up for a volunteer teaching program in Costa Rica.I lived within an inspiringly colourful living quarter which was __21__ into a female and male section，along with a kitchen，eating room and conference room.I taught at a school.It was located within a __22__ and every day birds and butterflies flew throughout our school.It was beautiful.We were __23__ on Costa Rica’s school system，the country，the language and how to plan a lesson.Additionally，we took part in __24__ activities to relax ourselves.
The experience was beneficial to my English writing __25__ when I got back to college，I began writing.I wrote so much that a piece of my writing about that experience was published in Folio’s Literary Magazine. Because of that，I was more __26__ to continue working abroad.
After __27__，I moved to China for a year and worked in schools to teach reading and writing.It was a life-changing __28__ of my life.Not only did I share my experiences through a weekly blog，but I began a book.Culture differences __29__ me and even consumed me in the beginning，but gradually，I fell in love with the people，the schools and the history.
Upon __30__ to my home，I became a teacher in Trenton，New Jersey.The moment I stepped into the classroom，I could empathise(感同身受) with my __31__．I truly feel volunteering in Costa Rica was where it all __32__ and working in China enriched my teaching life.If I could do anything __33__，it might be volunteering or working abroad more before settling down.
The __34__ I’ve made through volunteering and working abroad are an English major’s dream and I hope that every English major __35__ the chance to study or work abroad.
( )21．A．trained B．pulled
C．absorbed D．divided
( )22．A．desert B．sea
C．forest D．river
( )23．A．praised B．educated
C．interviewed D．commented
( )24．A．legal B．fun
C．brief D．safe
( )25．A．so B．unless
C．although D．if
( )26．A．worried B．determined
C．frightened D．relaxed
( )27．A．graduation B．requirement
C．operation D．ceremony
( )28．A．shelter B．topic
C．move D．conflict
( )29．A．confused B．amused
C．calmed D．excited
( )30．A．belonging B．pointing
C．returning D．referring
( )31．A．volunteers B．classmates
C．colleagues D．students
( )32．A．replied B．disappeared
C．escaped D．started
( )33．A．correctly B．deliberately
C．differently D．strictly
( )34．A．excuses B．discoveries
C．preparations D．decisions
( )35．A．jumps at B．stands for
C．turns down D．speaks out
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在哥斯达黎加的志愿者活动以及旅居在中国时的经验都成了作者回到祖国后成为老师时宝贵的经验，作者也希望更多学习英语专业的学生能够抓住在国外工作的机会。
21．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我住在一个让人精神鼓舞的五彩缤纷的宿舍区，分为女性和男性宿舍，还包括厨房、饭厅和会议室。trained训练；pulled拉；absorbed吸收；divided划分，分开。分析文章可知，后文提到了厨房、饭厅和会议室等不同的区域，说明作者居住的地方有不同的区域划分，且此处是固定词组be divided into，意为“把……分成”。故选D项。
22．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校位于森林中，每天都有鸟类和蝴蝶飞过我们学校。desert沙漠；sea海洋；forest森林；river河流。分析句子可知，后文提到作者的学校附近有蝴蝶和鸟类飞过，由此判断作者的学校应该是在森林里。故选C项。
23．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们接受了关于哥斯达黎加学校制度、国家、语言和如何规划课程的教育。praised赞扬；educated教育；interviewed采访；commented评论。第一段提到“I signed up for a volunteer teaching program in Costa Rica.”作者参加了一项志愿者教学计划，因此应该是在学校里接受相关的教育。故选B项。
24．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另外，我们参加了一些有趣的活动来放松自己。legal合法的；fun有趣的；brief简短的；safe安全的。根据后文可知，放松自己可以通过做一些有趣的活动来实现。故选B项。
25．A 考查连词词义辨析。句意：这种经历对我的写作有好处，所以当我回到大学时，我就开始了写作。so所以；unless除非；although尽管；if如果。作者参加的教育培训活动与作者在大学时的写作经验之间存在因果关系，因此需选择表示因果关系的连词。故选A项。
26．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正因如此，我更加下定决心继续在国外工作。worried焦虑的；determined下定决心的；frightened惊吓的，感到害怕的；relaxed放松的。作者将自己在国外学习工作的经验写成文章发表在杂志上的事情是对自己的一种鼓励，因此坚定了自己继续在国外工作的决心。短语be determined to do sth意为“下定决心做某事”。故选B项。
27．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，我移居中国一年，在学校教阅读和写作课。graduation毕业；requirement要求；operation操作，手术；ceremony仪式，典礼。前文讲述了作者在大学期间参加的志愿教学培训活动，后文讲述了作者在中国工作的情况，由此判断，此处是在作者大学毕业后。故选A项。
28．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对我来讲是改变人生的一个举动。shelter庇护所；topic主题；move举动；conflict冲突。根据后文可知，作者移居到中国后不仅在博客上分享经历，还出了自己的书。由此判断作者在中国发展的决定是改变了自己人生的一个举动。故选C项。
29．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最开始的时候，文化的差异使我非常困惑，也消耗了我很多精力，但渐渐地，我爱上了这里的人、学校和这里的历史。confused使……困惑；amused逗乐；calmed使平静；excited使兴奋。作者是旅居在中国的外国人，因此肯定会产生文化上的差异，而这种差异会使人产生困惑。故选A项。
30．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家乡后，我在新泽西州的特伦顿当了一名教师。belonging属于；pointing指向；returning返回；referring提及。前文提到作者旅居中国一年 ，后文提到了作者在新泽西州的特伦顿成了一名老师，由此判断作者回到了自己的祖国。故选C项。
31．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我踏进教室时，我可以和我的学生感同身受。volunteers志愿者；classmates同班同学；colleagues同事；students学生。作者回到自己的国家后成了一名老师，因此在教室内面对的应该是自己的学生。故选D项。
32．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的觉得在哥斯达黎加做志愿者是这一切的开始，在中国的工作丰富了我的教学生活。replied回复；disappeared消失；escaped逃跑；started开始。上文提到了作者在大学时参加了在哥斯达黎加的志愿者活动，使得作者想要成为一名老师，由此判断，这是作者成为老师的起点。故选D项。
33．C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我能做任何不同的事情的话，我在定居之前有可能是参加更多志愿者活动或者是在国外工作。correctly正确地；deliberately故意地；differently不同地；strictly严格地。作者所经历的事情都带来了不同的经验和感受，而作者在成为一名老师之前，希望有更多的尝试。故选C项。
34．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所做的志愿者工作和在国外工作的发现是英语专业学生的梦想，我也希望每个英语专业的学生都能抓住去国外学习或者工作的机会。excuses借口；discoveries发现；preparations准备；decisions决定。作者参加志愿者活动和在国外工作带给作者不同的感受和发现。故选B项。
35．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我所做的志愿者工作和在国外工作的发现是英语专业学生的梦想，我也希望每个英语专业的学生都能抓住去国外学习或者工作的机会。jumps at立即抓住；stands for代表；turns down调低，关小；speaks out畅所欲言。不管是参加志愿者活动还是去国外工作都是非常好的机会，作者也希望学习英语专业的学生能够抓住这些机会。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Hearing the news that the Shenzhou XⅢ manned spacecraft was about to return to the earth，Pan Xue，a Miao ethnic group girl born after 1995，decided to make 36．________ outer space-themed artwork to express her 37．________(appreciate) and respect for Chinese astronauts.
38．________ most people of her age have left to pursue a life in big cities，Pan 39．________ (study) related techniques in her hometown in Guizhou Province since graduation.To make a good artwork，Pan devoted a lot of time 40．________ studying the material.After many trials and processes，a suitable cloth 41．________(choose)，on which she drew over 1,000 stars.Then she used several silver bars to make branches，and silver sheets 42．________(make) about 100 hanging stars.It took her about five days to complete the artwork，a small tree 43．________(decorate) with all the silver stars hanging from it.
“It’s called a longevity tree in Qiandongnan，44．________ implication of hope matches China’s boosting space industry，” she said.Pan felt proud to make a “45．________(star) sky” with their ethnic group’s special handicraft，hoping it would help present Chinese ethnic culture to the world.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。苗族女孩潘雪在神舟十三号载人飞船即将返回地球之际，亲手制作了一件以外太空为主题的艺术品，以表达她对中国宇航员的感激和敬意。
36．an 考查冠词。句意：1995年后出生的苗族女孩潘雪，在得知神舟十三号载人飞船即将返回地球的消息后，决定制作一件以外太空为主题的艺术品，以表达她对中国宇航员的感激和敬意。此处用不定冠词表示“一件”，修饰名词artwork，又因为outer发音以元音音素开头，所以要用an。故填an。
37．appreciation 考查名词。句意：同上题。由空前的“express her”可知，此处用appreciate的名词形式作动词express的宾语。故填appreciation。
38．Although/Though/While 考查从属连词。句意：尽管她这个年龄的大多数人都离开了去大城市里生活，但潘雪毕业后一直在她的家乡贵州学习相关技术。此处用从属连词although/though/while(尽管)引导让步状语从句。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。
39．has been studying/has studied 考查动词的时态。句意同上。句中有时间状语“since graduation”，主语是Pan，指的是潘雪，是单数，所以要用现在完成时。分析语境可知，本句也可以用现在完成进行时。故填has been studying/has studied。
40．to 考查介词。句意：为了制作一件好的艺术品，潘雪花了很多时间来研究这些材料。devote...to...为固定搭配，意为“致力于”。故填to。
41．was chosen 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：在许多的试验和工艺流程之后，她选择了一块合适的布，在上面画了1 000多颗星星。此处要填谓语动词，主语“a suitable cloth(一块合适的布)”与动词choose(选择)之间是动宾关系；本句描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数名词短语，be动词用was。故填was chosen。
42．to make 考查动词不定式。句意：然后她用几根银棒做树枝，用银片做了大约100颗悬挂的星星。此处用不定式“to make”作目的状语，与主语she在逻辑上是主谓关系。故填to make。
43．decorated 考查动词的-ed形式。句意：她花了大约五天的时间完成了这幅作品，这是一棵挂着银色星星的小树。此处与名词短语a small tree是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词的-ed形式作后置定语。故填decorated。
44．whose 考查定语从句。句意：她说：“这被称为黔东南的长寿树，它希望的含义与中国正在蓬勃发展的太空行业相匹配。”此处用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“a longevity tree”，在从句中作定语。故填whose。
45．starry 考查形容词。句意：潘雪为用她们民族的特殊手工艺品打造出一片“星空”而感到自豪，希望它会帮助展示中国的民族文化给全世界。此处用形容词starry(布满星星的；明亮的)，作定语，修饰后面的名词sky。故填starry。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国网友Tom来信说他的家人都很喜欢吃中餐，向你请教如何在中餐馆选择健康的中餐。请你用英语给他写一封回信。
内容包括：
1．蔬菜为主，少油少盐；
2．蒸、煮为佳，不加味精(MSG)；
3．分量适当，避免浪费。
注意：
1．词数80左右；开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom，
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
Dear Tom，
I’m very delighted that your family are fond of Chinese cuisine，but some of it can be high in oil and salt in the restaurant.
To choose a healthier Chinese cuisine，my first suggestion is to choose dishes with lots of vegetables. Additionally，you should try to avoid the dishes which have high calories，such as lamb kebab and red braised pork，and ask the chef to use less oil，cut down salt and cut out MSG in your food’s preparation. Besides，studies show that eating foods that are steamed or boiled is of great benefit to your health. Last but not least，you’d better order fewer dishes，because main dish portions are often quite large. And it is highly recommended that you should divide the dishes and eat up.
Hope my advice will be helpful to you and wish you a healthy life!
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
Last year at Christmas time，my wife，three children and I were on our way from Paris to Nice.Somehow everything went wrong.Our hotels were “tourist traps” and our rented car broke down.On Christmas Eve，when we checked into a dirty hotel in Nice，there was no Christmas spirit in our hearts.
It was raining and cold when we went out to eat.We found a small restaurant poorly decorated for the holiday.Only five tables in the restaurant were taken.There were two German couples，two French families，and an American sailor，by himself.They were eating in stony silence except the sailor.He was writing a letter，and a half-smile lighted his face.In the corner，a piano player was listlessly(无精打采地) playing Christmas music.
All of us were interrupted by an old French flower woman through the front door.She had a worn overcoat and her old shoes were wet.Carrying her basket of flowers，she went from one table to another.No one bought any.Exhausted and frustrated，she sat down at a table.
The sailor finished his meal and got up to leave.Putting on his coat，he walked over to the flower woman’s table.
“Merry Christmas，” he said，smiling and picking out a handful of flowers.“How much are they？”
“Two francs，sir.”
The sailor put a twenty-franc note in the woman’s hand.
“I don’t have change，sir，” she said.“I’ll get some from the waiter.”
“No，ma’am，” said the sailor，leaning over and kissing the cheek.“This is my Christmas present for you.”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
Then the sailor headed for our table with the flowers in his hand.______________________
__________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Then the sailor headed for our table with the flowers in his hand.He picked out a red flower and placed it on our table.“Merry Christmas！” he greeted us in a cheerful voice.Before we could say “Thank you”，he went to other tables.In an instant，everyone in the room was presented with flowers，including the waiter and the piano player.In the bright light，the flowers were glowing in full bloom.These magical flowers melted our frustrated hearts and blew away all the unpleasant moods.
The piano player came alive and pleasant music filled the whole room._________________
__________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
The piano player came alive and pleasant music filled the whole room.A festive atmosphere drowned all of us.We merrily danced to the joyful music，singing，laughing and wishing each other good luck.The old flower woman also joined us，unable to conceal her excitement and gratitude.The spirit of Christmas came back to us again.It brought all of us together in this small restaurant on a foreign land.All this was due to a young American sailor，who，through his kindness and generosity，brightened our paths.
