高中英语交通类外刊及语法和写作训练（含答案）
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| 名称 | 高中英语交通类外刊及语法和写作训练（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-02-26 08:39:39 | ||
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高中英语交通类外刊及语法和写作训练
Germany: Traffic jam
【1】THE NEW year has not started well for Germany's ruling "traffic-light" coalition, nor indeed for traffic. On January 8th angry farmers blocked autobahns across the country, even as train drivers called a national strike. As statisticians revealed grim final numbers for 2023-such as a 3.1% real-terms fall in retail sales from 2022-pollsters unsurprisingly found that 8.2% of Germans are dissatisfied with the government. A survey measuring confidence in the office of the chancellor detected a vertiginous 55-point plunge between late 2020, when Angela Merkel still reigned, and now under Olaf Scholz.
【2】Yet one person's bad luck may prove another' s chance. Consider the case of Sahra Wagenknecht. The 54-year-old left-wing populist chose January 8th as the date to launch her new party. Right now the Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance for Reason and Fairness (BSW is the shortened German acronym), looks minuscule, with only ten MPs in the 736-seat Bundestag. Yet it stands to profit both from Mr Scholz's distress and from fortuitous timing.
【3】Ms Wagenknecht, who in October quit Germany's main leftist party, Die Linke, leans to the left of the government on social spending and in reluctance to support Ukraine, but to its right in seeking sharp curbs on immigration. That combination resounds with an increasingly frustrated electorate. A survey of voters who would consider voting for the BSW found 40% cited disappointment with other parties as the top reason, 28% Ms Wagenknecht's charms and 25% the issue of immigration.
【4】Two big political opportunities also loom for the BSW. German voters tend to take elections to the European Parliament less seriously than national ones, and see them as a chance to experiment. The vote is set for June, giving the novel party six months to campaign. In September three eastern states will hold elections. Former East Germany happens to be where the ruling coalition is most disliked.
【5】It helps that Ms Wagenknecht is herself an easterner. Brought up in East Berlin, she remained a communist through the fall of the Wall and university, where she studied economics and philosophy. Her poise, precise diction and relentless scorn heaped on the government score strongly in a region made anxious by high inflation, relative poverty, fear of immigrants and a sense of alienation from the elite. Many East Germans share Ms Wagenknecht's suspicion of the West and blame Ukraine, not Russia, for "provoking" a war for its own survival.
【6】Those same impulses have boosted another relatively new outsider, the hard-right Alternative for Germany (AfD), into second place in popularity, with a projected 22% of votes in a national election. Although the two parties ostensibly occupy opposite political poles, some pundits believe Ms Wagenknecht could draw more voters away from the AfD than from mainstream parties such as Mr Scholz's Social Democrats. One survey found 55% of AfD supporters, and 40% in Die Linke, would consider voting for the BSW. Far fewer in other parties said they might switch.
【7】Undercut by Ms Wagenknecht, Die Linke looks close to falling under the 5% threshold. Yet it is too soon for right-wingers to cheer. Hans-Georg Maassen, a former head of German intelligence who heads a hard-right splinter in the opposition Christian Democratic Union, the flagship of German conservatism, now wants to set up his own party. Meanwhile the Free Democrats, a small right-of-centre partner in the traffic-light coalition, also flounder near the 5% threshold. By the time of the next national election, in 2025, the upstart BSW may look less a minnow among sharks than one among many fish.
短语：
1.原文：As statisticians revealed grim final numbers for 2023-such as a 3.1% real-terms fall in retail sales from 2022-pollsters unsurprisingly found that 8.2% of Germans are dissatisfied with the government.
词典：real-term实际条件
例句：Sale has gone up by 3% but with inflation running at 5% that is a fall in real term.
销售额增加3%，但通货膨胀率为5%，实际销售额还是下降了。
2.原文：Ms Wagenknecht, who in October quit Germany's main leftist party, Die Linke, leans to the left of the government on social spending and in reluctance to support Ukraine, but to its right in seeking sharp curbs on immigration.
词典：lean to依靠、倾向
例句：The flagpole leans to the south.
旗杆向南倾斜。
词典：reluctance to不情愿
例句：Troops were displaying an obvious reluctance to get involved in quashing demonstrations.
词典：curb on限制、控制
例句：Put a curb on your temper.
收敛一下你的脾气。
3.原文：Her poise, precise diction and relentless scorn heaped on the government score strongly in a region made anxious by high inflation, relative poverty, fear of immigrants and a sense of alienation from the elite.
词典：heap on堆积
例句：Praises were heaped on me after the game.
比赛后人们对我大加赞扬。
词典：alienation from与……疏远
例句：Martin's alienation from his family continued.
马丁跟他的家人越来越疏远了。
4.原文：Many East Germans share Ms Wagenknecht's suspicion of the West and blame Ukraine, not Russia, for "provoking" a war for its own survival.
词典：suspicion of涉嫌、怀疑
例句：A number of doctors came under suspicion of unethical behaviour.
5.原文：One survey found 55% of AfD supporters, and 40% in Die Linke, would consider voting for the BSW. Far fewer in other parties said they might switch.
词典：vote for投票支持
例句：Did you vote for or against her
你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？
长难句：
1.原文：Ms Wagenknecht, who in October quit Germany's main leftist party, Die Linke, leans to the left of the government on social spending and in reluctance to support Ukraine, but to its right in seeking sharp curbs on immigration.
分析：本句较长，包含非限定性定语从句。“Ms Wagenknecht”是主语，“who”引导非限定性定语从句，从句内容对先行词进行解释说明；“leans”是谓语动词，后接不定式。
2.原文：Hans-Georg Maassen, a former head of German intelligence who heads a hard-right splinter in the opposition Christian Democratic Union, the flagship of German conservatism, now wants to set up his own party.
分析：本句较长，包含限定性定语从句。“Hans-Georg Maassen”是主语也是先行词，“a former head of German intelligence”是同位语，后面 “who”引导的定语从句，对先行词进行解释说明；“wants”是谓语动词，后面接动词不定式。
写作技巧：
1. A survey measuring confidence in the office of the chancellor detected a vertiginous 55-point plunge between late 2020, when Angela Merkel still reigned, and now under Olaf Scholz.
生词：
plunge n.（突然的）坠落；跳水，快速游泳；（价值或数量的）骤然下跌；突然陷入
v.（使）突然向前倒下（跌落）；猛推，猛插；投入（液体中以使淹没）；（价值）猛跌；（剧烈）颠簸，震荡；（马）猛地用后腿直立；陡然向下倾斜；骤然陷入；（鲁莽地）开始；（使）投身，（使）突然开始从事；种下（植物）
“plunge”对大多数同学来说很陌生，表示“（突然的）坠落；跳水，快速游泳；（价值或数量的）骤然下跌；突然陷入”，本文中作者所采用的含义是“骤然下跌”，在英语财经、政治新闻中会经常遇到，请牢记认真记好。
例句：
His weight began to plunge.
他的体重开始骤然下降。
The company is planning a deeper plunge into the commercial market.
这家公司正计划进一步投入商业市场。
Japan's banks are in trouble because of bad loans and the stock market plunge.
Economy is very solid and the plunge in the stock market this week is not an indication of any serious problem.
There was a flash of lightning and the house was plunged into darkness.
雷电闪过，房子陷入一片黑暗之中。
2. Meanwhile the Free Democrats, a small right-of-centre partner in the traffic-light coalition, also flounder near the 5% threshold.
生词：
flounder v. 不知所措，支吾；困难重重；（在水、泥等中）挣扎，折腾；心乱如麻
n.鲆，鲽，比目鱼（同flatfish）；挣扎
“flounder”相信不少同学是第一次见到，作动词时表示“不知所措，支吾；困难重重；（在水、泥等中）挣扎，折腾；心乱如麻”，本文中正采用其动词含义，英语中表示“挣扎、折腾”还有其他表达，如“struggle; turn from side to side; toss about”等。
例句：
What a pity that his career was left to flounder.
真遗憾，他的事业陷入了困境。
Right now, you've got a president who's floundering, trying to find some way to get his campaign jump-started.
此时此刻你们的总统不知所措，尽力想办法推动他的竞选。
Three men were floundering about in the water.
三名男子正在水中挣扎。
His abrupt change of subject left her floundering helplessly.
他突然改变话题，使她茫然不知所措。
At that time the industry was floundering.
那时这个行业举步维艰。
She was floundering around in the deep end of the swimming pool.
她在游泳池深水区挣扎着。
语法填空训练：
Most people like to listen to something in the car - it could be the latest pop tunes on the radio,1. ________ (scream) your favourite band from a phone or maybe an audiobook or podcast. In a study, 64% of people said that music is essential 2. ________ a good driving experience. But if there are passengers in the car, tune choices can cause arguments. It's not just 3. ________ issue of clashing tastes, though. Research shows that different types of music can change people's mood and affect how they operate a car. Loud volumes can also affect how people drive and influence decision-making. It's illegal for drivers to use their phones while on the move, so some people say it's 4. ________ (safe) for passengers to control the entertainment. What do you think: should the driver choose the car tunes
Yes - it's a perk of the job
The driver is taking you 5. ________ you need to go (plus it's probably their car), so they should be in charge of the sounds. Singing along to their favourite song is their reward and they shouldn't have to listen to something they hate. On a long journey, the driver can't enjoy the scenery, read 6. ________ snooze, so they should choose the entertainment. Passengers could choose music that puts the driver in a bad mood or distracts them. Studies show that 7. ________ (energy) or loud music can actually lead to faster, more dangerous driving. Besides, if the driver always chooses the tunes there is less chance of arguments. And it's an opportunity for drivers to share their tastes. For example, mums or dads can introduce their children to cool old songs.
No - it's not safe
The driver should be 8.________ (full) focused on the road, not thinking about the next song they want. Losing attention can lead to road accidents, and 9. ________ (look) at a device while driving is illegal and carries a big fine. Passengers have their hands free 10. ________ it is safe for them to scroll for music. Besides, it is not fair that only the person behind the wheel gets to choose. Long car journeys can be so boring and if kids hear the music they want to hear it's more likely to keep them entertained, stop any arguments and make the time go more quickly. Besides, passengers can also take music requests from the driver or anyone else in the car. With the passenger in charge, road trips are safer, fun for everyone and a bonding experience.
参考答案：
1. screaming 2. for 3. an 4. safer 5. where
6. or 7. energetic 8. fully 9. looking 10. so
写作训练：
The number of private cars in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai is growing daily bringing with it noise, pollution and traffic jams. Is it necessary to reduce the number of cars in big cities Suggest ONE way in which this could be done.
参考范文：
Increase Public Transportation
Beijing is faced with an uphill battle to improve deteriorating air quality and alleviate traffic jams caused by the surge in car use. What is the best way to decrease the number of private automobiles on the road In my opinion, developing sustainable public transportation strategies should be given top priority.
Firstly, a well-managed and punctual public transportation system makes commuting and travelling easier and more convenient. One big headache for private car drivers is the annoying traffic jams. However, some forms of public transport, such as subway, magnetically levitated train4 and light rail transit can help commuters and travellers avoid traffic jams, greatly reducing their time wasted on the road. Furthermore, by taking public transport, people will no longer be bothered by looking everywhere for a parking place. Therefore, a service-oriented and user-focused public transportation system will definitely attract more private car owners, making it possible for the car owners to keep their cars in the garage and choose public transport. Secondly, public transport serves as an economic alternative to cars. The Chinese government will provide a total of l.3 billion yuan to help Beijing's bus companies reduce fares to only l yuan per ride. The high oil price and auto maintenance cost deter car owners from driving their cars. Since public transport is so cheap, there should be no economic reason to drive a car in the city.
In conclusion, public transportation should be given a strategic position in the city's sustainable development planning so as to reduce private car use and ultimately relieve the city's traffic jams. (260 words)
Germany: Traffic jam
【1】THE NEW year has not started well for Germany's ruling "traffic-light" coalition, nor indeed for traffic. On January 8th angry farmers blocked autobahns across the country, even as train drivers called a national strike. As statisticians revealed grim final numbers for 2023-such as a 3.1% real-terms fall in retail sales from 2022-pollsters unsurprisingly found that 8.2% of Germans are dissatisfied with the government. A survey measuring confidence in the office of the chancellor detected a vertiginous 55-point plunge between late 2020, when Angela Merkel still reigned, and now under Olaf Scholz.
【2】Yet one person's bad luck may prove another' s chance. Consider the case of Sahra Wagenknecht. The 54-year-old left-wing populist chose January 8th as the date to launch her new party. Right now the Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance for Reason and Fairness (BSW is the shortened German acronym), looks minuscule, with only ten MPs in the 736-seat Bundestag. Yet it stands to profit both from Mr Scholz's distress and from fortuitous timing.
【3】Ms Wagenknecht, who in October quit Germany's main leftist party, Die Linke, leans to the left of the government on social spending and in reluctance to support Ukraine, but to its right in seeking sharp curbs on immigration. That combination resounds with an increasingly frustrated electorate. A survey of voters who would consider voting for the BSW found 40% cited disappointment with other parties as the top reason, 28% Ms Wagenknecht's charms and 25% the issue of immigration.
【4】Two big political opportunities also loom for the BSW. German voters tend to take elections to the European Parliament less seriously than national ones, and see them as a chance to experiment. The vote is set for June, giving the novel party six months to campaign. In September three eastern states will hold elections. Former East Germany happens to be where the ruling coalition is most disliked.
【5】It helps that Ms Wagenknecht is herself an easterner. Brought up in East Berlin, she remained a communist through the fall of the Wall and university, where she studied economics and philosophy. Her poise, precise diction and relentless scorn heaped on the government score strongly in a region made anxious by high inflation, relative poverty, fear of immigrants and a sense of alienation from the elite. Many East Germans share Ms Wagenknecht's suspicion of the West and blame Ukraine, not Russia, for "provoking" a war for its own survival.
【6】Those same impulses have boosted another relatively new outsider, the hard-right Alternative for Germany (AfD), into second place in popularity, with a projected 22% of votes in a national election. Although the two parties ostensibly occupy opposite political poles, some pundits believe Ms Wagenknecht could draw more voters away from the AfD than from mainstream parties such as Mr Scholz's Social Democrats. One survey found 55% of AfD supporters, and 40% in Die Linke, would consider voting for the BSW. Far fewer in other parties said they might switch.
【7】Undercut by Ms Wagenknecht, Die Linke looks close to falling under the 5% threshold. Yet it is too soon for right-wingers to cheer. Hans-Georg Maassen, a former head of German intelligence who heads a hard-right splinter in the opposition Christian Democratic Union, the flagship of German conservatism, now wants to set up his own party. Meanwhile the Free Democrats, a small right-of-centre partner in the traffic-light coalition, also flounder near the 5% threshold. By the time of the next national election, in 2025, the upstart BSW may look less a minnow among sharks than one among many fish.
短语：
1.原文：As statisticians revealed grim final numbers for 2023-such as a 3.1% real-terms fall in retail sales from 2022-pollsters unsurprisingly found that 8.2% of Germans are dissatisfied with the government.
词典：real-term实际条件
例句：Sale has gone up by 3% but with inflation running at 5% that is a fall in real term.
销售额增加3%，但通货膨胀率为5%，实际销售额还是下降了。
2.原文：Ms Wagenknecht, who in October quit Germany's main leftist party, Die Linke, leans to the left of the government on social spending and in reluctance to support Ukraine, but to its right in seeking sharp curbs on immigration.
词典：lean to依靠、倾向
例句：The flagpole leans to the south.
旗杆向南倾斜。
词典：reluctance to不情愿
例句：Troops were displaying an obvious reluctance to get involved in quashing demonstrations.
词典：curb on限制、控制
例句：Put a curb on your temper.
收敛一下你的脾气。
3.原文：Her poise, precise diction and relentless scorn heaped on the government score strongly in a region made anxious by high inflation, relative poverty, fear of immigrants and a sense of alienation from the elite.
词典：heap on堆积
例句：Praises were heaped on me after the game.
比赛后人们对我大加赞扬。
词典：alienation from与……疏远
例句：Martin's alienation from his family continued.
马丁跟他的家人越来越疏远了。
4.原文：Many East Germans share Ms Wagenknecht's suspicion of the West and blame Ukraine, not Russia, for "provoking" a war for its own survival.
词典：suspicion of涉嫌、怀疑
例句：A number of doctors came under suspicion of unethical behaviour.
5.原文：One survey found 55% of AfD supporters, and 40% in Die Linke, would consider voting for the BSW. Far fewer in other parties said they might switch.
词典：vote for投票支持
例句：Did you vote for or against her
你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？
长难句：
1.原文：Ms Wagenknecht, who in October quit Germany's main leftist party, Die Linke, leans to the left of the government on social spending and in reluctance to support Ukraine, but to its right in seeking sharp curbs on immigration.
分析：本句较长，包含非限定性定语从句。“Ms Wagenknecht”是主语，“who”引导非限定性定语从句，从句内容对先行词进行解释说明；“leans”是谓语动词，后接不定式。
2.原文：Hans-Georg Maassen, a former head of German intelligence who heads a hard-right splinter in the opposition Christian Democratic Union, the flagship of German conservatism, now wants to set up his own party.
分析：本句较长，包含限定性定语从句。“Hans-Georg Maassen”是主语也是先行词，“a former head of German intelligence”是同位语，后面 “who”引导的定语从句，对先行词进行解释说明；“wants”是谓语动词，后面接动词不定式。
写作技巧：
1. A survey measuring confidence in the office of the chancellor detected a vertiginous 55-point plunge between late 2020, when Angela Merkel still reigned, and now under Olaf Scholz.
生词：
plunge n.（突然的）坠落；跳水，快速游泳；（价值或数量的）骤然下跌；突然陷入
v.（使）突然向前倒下（跌落）；猛推，猛插；投入（液体中以使淹没）；（价值）猛跌；（剧烈）颠簸，震荡；（马）猛地用后腿直立；陡然向下倾斜；骤然陷入；（鲁莽地）开始；（使）投身，（使）突然开始从事；种下（植物）
“plunge”对大多数同学来说很陌生，表示“（突然的）坠落；跳水，快速游泳；（价值或数量的）骤然下跌；突然陷入”，本文中作者所采用的含义是“骤然下跌”，在英语财经、政治新闻中会经常遇到，请牢记认真记好。
例句：
His weight began to plunge.
他的体重开始骤然下降。
The company is planning a deeper plunge into the commercial market.
这家公司正计划进一步投入商业市场。
Japan's banks are in trouble because of bad loans and the stock market plunge.
Economy is very solid and the plunge in the stock market this week is not an indication of any serious problem.
There was a flash of lightning and the house was plunged into darkness.
雷电闪过，房子陷入一片黑暗之中。
2. Meanwhile the Free Democrats, a small right-of-centre partner in the traffic-light coalition, also flounder near the 5% threshold.
生词：
flounder v. 不知所措，支吾；困难重重；（在水、泥等中）挣扎，折腾；心乱如麻
n.鲆，鲽，比目鱼（同flatfish）；挣扎
“flounder”相信不少同学是第一次见到，作动词时表示“不知所措，支吾；困难重重；（在水、泥等中）挣扎，折腾；心乱如麻”，本文中正采用其动词含义，英语中表示“挣扎、折腾”还有其他表达，如“struggle; turn from side to side; toss about”等。
例句：
What a pity that his career was left to flounder.
真遗憾，他的事业陷入了困境。
Right now, you've got a president who's floundering, trying to find some way to get his campaign jump-started.
此时此刻你们的总统不知所措，尽力想办法推动他的竞选。
Three men were floundering about in the water.
三名男子正在水中挣扎。
His abrupt change of subject left her floundering helplessly.
他突然改变话题，使她茫然不知所措。
At that time the industry was floundering.
那时这个行业举步维艰。
She was floundering around in the deep end of the swimming pool.
她在游泳池深水区挣扎着。
语法填空训练：
Most people like to listen to something in the car - it could be the latest pop tunes on the radio,1. ________ (scream) your favourite band from a phone or maybe an audiobook or podcast. In a study, 64% of people said that music is essential 2. ________ a good driving experience. But if there are passengers in the car, tune choices can cause arguments. It's not just 3. ________ issue of clashing tastes, though. Research shows that different types of music can change people's mood and affect how they operate a car. Loud volumes can also affect how people drive and influence decision-making. It's illegal for drivers to use their phones while on the move, so some people say it's 4. ________ (safe) for passengers to control the entertainment. What do you think: should the driver choose the car tunes
Yes - it's a perk of the job
The driver is taking you 5. ________ you need to go (plus it's probably their car), so they should be in charge of the sounds. Singing along to their favourite song is their reward and they shouldn't have to listen to something they hate. On a long journey, the driver can't enjoy the scenery, read 6. ________ snooze, so they should choose the entertainment. Passengers could choose music that puts the driver in a bad mood or distracts them. Studies show that 7. ________ (energy) or loud music can actually lead to faster, more dangerous driving. Besides, if the driver always chooses the tunes there is less chance of arguments. And it's an opportunity for drivers to share their tastes. For example, mums or dads can introduce their children to cool old songs.
No - it's not safe
The driver should be 8.________ (full) focused on the road, not thinking about the next song they want. Losing attention can lead to road accidents, and 9. ________ (look) at a device while driving is illegal and carries a big fine. Passengers have their hands free 10. ________ it is safe for them to scroll for music. Besides, it is not fair that only the person behind the wheel gets to choose. Long car journeys can be so boring and if kids hear the music they want to hear it's more likely to keep them entertained, stop any arguments and make the time go more quickly. Besides, passengers can also take music requests from the driver or anyone else in the car. With the passenger in charge, road trips are safer, fun for everyone and a bonding experience.
参考答案：
1. screaming 2. for 3. an 4. safer 5. where
6. or 7. energetic 8. fully 9. looking 10. so
写作训练：
The number of private cars in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai is growing daily bringing with it noise, pollution and traffic jams. Is it necessary to reduce the number of cars in big cities Suggest ONE way in which this could be done.
参考范文：
Increase Public Transportation
Beijing is faced with an uphill battle to improve deteriorating air quality and alleviate traffic jams caused by the surge in car use. What is the best way to decrease the number of private automobiles on the road In my opinion, developing sustainable public transportation strategies should be given top priority.
Firstly, a well-managed and punctual public transportation system makes commuting and travelling easier and more convenient. One big headache for private car drivers is the annoying traffic jams. However, some forms of public transport, such as subway, magnetically levitated train4 and light rail transit can help commuters and travellers avoid traffic jams, greatly reducing their time wasted on the road. Furthermore, by taking public transport, people will no longer be bothered by looking everywhere for a parking place. Therefore, a service-oriented and user-focused public transportation system will definitely attract more private car owners, making it possible for the car owners to keep their cars in the garage and choose public transport. Secondly, public transport serves as an economic alternative to cars. The Chinese government will provide a total of l.3 billion yuan to help Beijing's bus companies reduce fares to only l yuan per ride. The high oil price and auto maintenance cost deter car owners from driving their cars. Since public transport is so cheap, there should be no economic reason to drive a car in the city.
In conclusion, public transportation should be given a strategic position in the city's sustainable development planning so as to reduce private car use and ultimately relieve the city's traffic jams. (260 words)
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