(共35张PPT)
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Period One Listening and Speaking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．芯片；碎片；(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片
B．干酪；奶酪
C．幸运；机会
D．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性
E．具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的
1．Mix the cheese and salt and then press again to remove the extra moisture. ( )
2．The Chinese make up the largest single ethnic group in the city’s public classrooms. ( )
3．The diversity of something is the fact that it contains many very different elements. ( )
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．D
4．The new chip will be made from a piece of silicon(硅片)about the size of a postage stamp. ( )
5．Investors are starting to wonder how long their good fortune can last. ( )
【答案】4．A 5．C
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．diverse adj. 不同的；多种多样的→______ n．多样性；差异(性)；不同(点)
(参考：responsible→responsibility)
2．fortunate adj. 幸运的→ ________ adv. 幸运地；有幸
(参考：desperate→desperately)
【答案】1．diversity 2．fortunately
3．________ n．干酪；奶酪→butter (同类词) n．黄油
(参考：milk→yogurt)
4．________ adj. 辛辣的；加有香料的→sour (同类词) adj. 酸的
(参考：sweet→bitter)
【答案】3．cheese 4．spicy
Ⅲ．预备话题素材
1．If you don’t work hard, ____________ will come.
你若不努力，机遇是不会来的。
2．We started early ______________ the missing tourist.
我们很早就动身去搜寻失踪的游客。
【答案】1．no fortune 2．to search for/look for
3．The students ____________________ are from Class 3, Grade 1.
树下的那些学生来自一年级三班。
4．We _______________ live a happy life now.
现在我们过着幸福的生活，真是幸运。
【答案】3．under the tree 4．are fortunate to
5．It is true that many people do have __________________ about how to protect our environment.
很多人对于如何保护我们的地球有着不同的观点，这是事实。
【答案】5．diverse opinions/views
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
fortune n．机会；运气
(P26)Every Chinese restaurant in America has fortune cookies.
【翻译】在美国的每家中国饭店都有幸运曲奇。
【用法详解】
(1)make a fortune 发财；赚钱
(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉祥的
be fortunate to do/(in) doing…做……很幸运
It is fortunate (for sb) to do/that…
(对某人来说)做……是幸运的。
Not everyone has unusual good fortune.
并不是每个人都有不同寻常的好运。
(3)fortunately adv. 幸运的是
(4)unfortunate adj. 不幸的
(5)unfortunately adv. 不幸地
【拓展提升】
fortune作“机会，运气”讲时为不可数名词，作“财产”讲时为可数名词。
【语境串记】
It was fortunate of them to make a fortune by trading with foreigners. And more fortunately, they were supported by the government.
他们有幸通过与外国人交易发了财。更幸运的是，他们得到了政府的支持。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)________ was fortunate that we all passed the driving test.
(2)I was late, but ________ (fortunate) the class hadn’t started.
(3)________ (fortunate)，they ran into a snowstorm along the way.
【答案】(1)It (2)fortunately (3)Unfortunately
完成句子
(4)If you can discover a market need, you can __________.
如你能发现市场需求，你就能赚大钱。
(5)I ______________________ a good teacher.
我很幸运，有一位好老师。
【答案】(4)make a big fortune
(5)am fortunate to have/in having
◇句式解读
(P27)When taking notes, just write down the key words…
【翻译】做笔记时，只需写下关键词……
【考点提炼】本句中的“When taking notes”为状语从句的省略，其完整形式为“When you are taking notes”。
【归纳拓展】
在if，when，once，until，unless，while，as if等引导的状语从句中，如果主句和从句的主语一致，或者从句主语是it，且谓语动词中含有be动词时，有时为了使句子简洁，可将主语和be动词省略。
If (it is) necessary, ring me at work.
如有必要，可往我办公室打电话。
He was knocked down while (he was) crossing the street.
过马路时他被撞倒了。
You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave.
除非叫你离开，否则你应待在你现在的地方不动。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)While __________________，I came across Tom.
等公交车时，我遇见了汤姆。
【答案】(1)waiting for the bus
(2)You’d better drive over to pick me up, __________.
如果可能的话，你最好开车过来接我。
(3)I won’t go to his party ______________________.
除非被邀请，否则我就不去参加他的晚会。
【答案】(2)if possible (3)unless invited
语 音 时 空
□停 顿
一、意群
一个句子可根据意思和语法结构分成若干小段，每一小段称之为一个意群(sense group)。意群可以是一个词、个词组或短语，也可以是并列句中的一个分句或复合句的一个主句、从句等等，停顿(pause)是在意群之间进行的。有些语法书用“/”来表示；本书和最新人教版教材一致，用“|”表示。
句子可以按语义、语法和语调特征各分为三个单位。句子划分意群的一般原则归纳如下：
1．名词词组。例如：a piece of cake
2．介词短语。例如： from now on, with an effort
3．副词短语。例如：day and night, first of all
4．副词＋介词短语。例如：early in the morning, far into the night
5．“副词＋动词”或“动词＋副词”。例如：quite understand, study hard
6．一些固定的动词词组。例如：take a rest, have a meeting, get ready
7．系动词＋表语。例如：be at school, grow quite well
8．主语＋谓语。这种句型用于简短语句中，一般划分为一个意群。例如：He stands up.
9．主语＋谓语＋宾语。这种句型用于简短语句时，一般划分为一个意群。例如：I can speak English.
10．简短的名词性从句，包括主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句。例如：
That he will come here︱is certain.
This is︱how he studies English.
He told me︱where I could find my book.
11．简短的定语从句。例如：
This is a factory︱that makes cloth.
12．简短的状语从句。例如：
I waited︱till he came back.
二、气群
凡是一口气能说完或者读完的一个句子，或句子一大部分的，称为一个气群。一个气群一般包括若干个意群，说话或者朗读时，气长的人可念完一个很长的句子而不停顿，但最短的气群不得少于一个意群。气群常用“‖”表示。例如：
Both my brother and I︱are fond of tennis. ‖
He was cheered︱by the large crowd︱which assembled at the station. ‖
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ． 短语填空
die from, later on, make a fortune, in addition, take notes, be made of
1．In order to ____________, they decided to start up their own business in the town.
2．At first, things went very well, but ____________ we ran into real trouble.
【答案】1．make a fortune 2．later on
3．You need money and time; ________, you need diligence.
4．Don’t forget to ____________ in class so that you can refer to the important points after class.
5．Many houses in the area ____________ wood.
6．Every year, many children ____________ the disease in African countries.
【答案】3．in addition 4．take notes 5．are made of 6．die from
Ⅱ．课文原句填空
1．___________________, just write down the key words, such as names, dates, and numbers.
做笔记时，只需写下关键词，如姓名、日期和数字。
2．_________________Native Americans moved to California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
有可能印第安人至少在15,000年前就搬到加利福尼亚去了。
【答案】1．When taking notes 2．It is likely that
3．In addition, many died from the diseases _____________.
此外，许多人死于欧洲人带来的疾病。
4．…today there are more Native Americans __________ California than in any other state of America.
……如今，居住在加利福尼亚州的印第安人比其他任何一个州都要多。
【答案】3．brought by the Europeans 4．living in (共71张PPT)
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Period Two Reading and Thinking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．发生；出现
B．重要任务；使命；传教(区)
C．寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
D．简图；图解；图表；示意图
E．肯定；确实
1．I know in my heart of hearts that I am the right man for that mission. ( )
2．The whole experience was definitely more positive than negative. ( )
3．She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour. ( )
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C
4．A diagram is a simple drawing which consists mainly of lines and is used, for example, to explain how a machine works. ( )
5．If headaches only occur at night, lack of fresh air and oxygen is often the cause. ( )
【答案】4．D 5．A
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．admit vi. & vt. 承认 vt. 准许进入(或加入)→________ n．承认；供认；允许进入
(参考：permit→permission)
【答案】1．admission
2．select vt. 选择；挑选；选拔→________ n．选择；挑选；被挑选的人；精选品
(参考：decide→decision)
3．definite adj. 肯定的；的确的→________ adv. 肯定；确实
(参考：wide→widely)
【答案】2．selection 3．definitely
4．history n．历史→________ adj. (有关)历史的
(参考：biology→biological)
5．minor adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的→________ n．少数民族；少数派；少数人
(参考：major→majority)
【答案】4．historical 5．minority
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．We should have the courage to__________________.
我们应当有勇气承认我们的错误。
2．I supposed it never______________ you to phone the police
我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧？
【答案】1．admit our mistakes 2．occurred to
3．Many young people went to big cities to____________.
许多年轻人到大城市寻找出路。
4．She__________________ mainly by selling vegetables.
她主要以卖菜为生。
5．__________ your handwriting, you’ll get better grades.
多加关注你的书写，你将会获得更好的成绩。
【答案】3．seek their fortune 4．earned/earns her living 5．Paying more attention to
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ．阅读课文，完成下面的思维导图
【答案】1．rebuilt 2．noodles 3．museum 4．Chinatown
【答案】5．served 6．jazz
Ⅱ．阅读课文，匹配段落大意
【答案】Paragraph 1—C；Paragraph 2—E；
Paragraph 3—D；Paragraph 4—A；Paragraph 5—B
( )Paragraph 1
( )Paragraph 2
( )Paragraph 3
( )Paragraph 4
( )Paragraph 5 A．My visit to Chinatown.
B．My plan for tomorrow.
C．Arriving at San Francisco.
D．My visit to a local museum.
E．Introduction of the Mission District.
Ⅲ．阅读课文，判断信息正(T)误(F)
( )1．The author had camped in the Redwood Forest before coming back to San Francisco.
( )2．The Mission District was a centre for art, music and food in the past.
【答案】1．T 2．F
( )3．The local museum shows the fast developments of California.
( )4．The people who sought their fortune in San Francisco during the gold rush came from all over the world.
( )5．The author didn’t like the food in the Cantonese restaurant at all.
【答案】3．F 4．T 5．F
Ⅳ．阅读课文，选择正确选项
( )1．How does the author feel to be back in San Francisco
A．Wonderful. B．Tired.
C．Disappointed. D．Excited.
【答案】1．A
( )2．Where does the author stay
A．Near the centre of the district.
B．At the centre of the district.
C．At the edge of the district.
D．Outside the district.
【答案】2．A
( )3．What did the author do in the Mission District
A．She attended Mission School.
B．She learned graffiti art.
C．She enjoyed street art and food.
D．She appreciated some music.
【答案】3．C
( )4．Why did California become a big city
A．Because America got California from Mexico.
B．Because there were many jobs on the farms.
C．Because people built railways in the city.
D．Because people went there in the gold rush.
【答案】4．D
( )5．After reading the passage we can draw a conclusion that ________.
A．San Francisco is a city which is to be the centre for art
B．San Francisco is mostly influenced by immigrants
C．Chinatown has only Cantonese restaurants for visitors
D．gold was discovered in 1848 so the Mission District was rich then
【答案】5．B
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．admit vi. &vt. 承认 vt. 准许进入(或加入)
(P28)I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
【翻译】我不得不承认，再次回到这个城市的感觉确实很好。
【用法详解】
(1)admit vi. &vt. 承认 vt. 准许进入(或加入)
还可以表示“可容纳；容许”。
admit sb/sth to be… 承认某人/某事是……
admit (to sb) that… (向某人)承认……
be admitted to/into…被……接收(入学、入院等)；获准做某事
She said sorry to me and admitted taking/having taken my umbrella by mistake.
她向我道歉并承认错拿了我的伞。
He admitted to me that he thought it was hard to deal with me at first.
他向我承认，起初他觉得我很难打交道。
(2)admission n．入场费；承认进入；许可；坦白；录用
(3)admittance n．进入；加入许可；通道
【语境串记】
Finally, the boy who had been admitted into a key university admitted that the doorman admitted him into the cinema which can admit 800 people.
最终，这位已经被一所重点大学录取的男孩承认看门人准许他进入了这个能容纳800人的电影院。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Diana admitted________ (feel) hurt by what I had said.
(2)We have to admit her ______ (be) organized in her speech.
(3)He admitted________ his boss that he had made a mistake.
(4)No one can go into the room without the teacher’s________ (admit).
【答案】(1)feeling (2)to be (3)to (4)admission
完成句子
(5)He_____________________ a key university.
他被一所重点大学录取了。
【答案】(5)was admitted to/into
2．occur vi. 发生；出现
(P28)And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906．
【翻译】多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座在1906年地震后能够自我重建的城市。
【用法详解】
occur作不及物动词时，还可译为“(想法或主意)被想到；被想起；浮现于脑海中”。
sth occurs to sb 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to sb that… 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想起做某事。
Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.
多年前，在我的生活中发生了一件会永远改变我人生的关键事件。
It occurred to me to ask my teacher for help.
我突然想到向我的老师求助。
【拓展提升】
hit，strike也可以表示“突然想到(想法)”，它们和occur在用法上的区别是：strike和hit后直接跟sb, occur后面跟to sb。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)________ occurred to me that I had left the door unlocked.
(2)A sudden thought occurred________ him, just as he was leaving.
(3)It never occurred to me________(ask) my father for advice.
【答案】(1)It (2)to (3)to ask
3．seek vt. &vi. 寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
(P28)Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city.
【翻译】30多万人从世界各地蜂拥而至，去寻找成功致富之路，旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。
【用法详解】
seek to do sth 试图/设法做某事
seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
seek after 追求；寻求
seek out 找出；搜出
The tourists want to seek a safe place.
游客们想寻找一个安全的地方。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Seeking__________ too much fame will make you tired both physically and mentally.
(2)Scientists have been seeking_______(solve) the problem which has confused them for many years.
(3)We are trying to seek________ the trouble spot of the instrument.
【答案】(1)after (2)to solve (3)out
完成句子
(4)He decided to leave his village _________ a better life.
他已决定离开村子去寻找更好的生活。
【答案】(4)to seek
4．escape vi. &vt. 逃走；逃脱；避开
n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱
(P29)I have to admit that it is the best district of China to escape the cold winter.
【翻译】我不得不承认，这是中国最好的避寒地区。
【用法详解】
(1)escape from… 从……逃脱
escape (doing) sth 逃避(做)某事
escape from prison 越狱
escape prison逃过牢狱之灾
(2)have a narrow escape 死里逃生；幸免于难
He was lucky to escape being attacked/attack.
他幸运地逃过了袭击。
The couple had a narrow escape from the fire.
这对夫妻从火灾中死里逃生。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Fortunately, he escaped ________ the burning house without being injured.
(2)The soldier managed to escape ________ (kill) in the war.
【答案】(1)from (2)being killed
完成句子
(3)They _______________ when a car crashed into theirs.
当一辆轿车撞上他们的车时，他们死里逃生。
【答案】(3)had a narrow escape
5．claim vt. &n. 夺取(生命)；宣称；断言
(P29)Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake…
【翻译】1906年的旧金山地震夺去了3000多人的生命……
【用法详解】
(1)claim to do sth 声称要做某事
claim for sth 要求某物；索要某物
claim sth back 索回某物；要回某物
It is claimed that…有人主张……；据称……
(2)make a claim on… 向……索赔
They are returning to claim what was theirs.
他们回来夺取本属于他们的东西。
It is claimed that soap powders pollute the water we drink.
据称肥皂粉污染了我们的饮用水。
You may make a claim on the firm for the damages.
你可以向公司提出赔偿损失的要求。
The company claims to make efforts to produce good products.
该公司声称要全力以赴地生产优质产品。
※【拓展提升】
若表示“声称正在做某事”，则应用claim to be doing sth；若表示“声称已经做完某事”，则应用claim to have done sth。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)If the problem is in the goods itself, you may make a claim________ the supplier.
(2)The boy claimed________ (do) his homework, but his teacher found he was playing basketball.
【答案】(1)on (2)to be doing
完成句子
(3)医生声称已发现了该疾病的一种疗法。
Doctors___________________________ a cure for the disease.
【答案】(3)claimed to have discovered
6．earn a living 谋生
(P28) To earn a living, some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.
【翻译】为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店、开餐馆。
【短语延伸】
earn a living ＝ make a living 谋生
earn money ＝ make money 赚钱
earn sb sth 为某人赢得……
earn one’s respect/reputation 赢得尊重/荣誉
He wants very much to earn some money, but I don’t see what he can do.
他很想挣钱，但我看不出他能做什么。
Dr. Zhong Nanshan earned a reputation as the backbone of China.
钟南山博士获得了“中国骨干”的名誉。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)His excellence in baseball _______________ that year.
那年，他在棒球方面的出色表现使他获得了奖学金。
【答案】(1)earned him a scholarship
(2)As a teacher, she had _______________ of her students.
作为一名教师，她赢得了学生的尊敬。
(3)She ____________ a part-time secretary after she graduated from college.
她大学毕业后靠做兼职秘书谋生。
【答案】(2)earned the respect (3)earned a living as
◇句式解读
(P28)I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.
【翻译】我四处走走，看了几个小时街头艺术。
【考点提炼】在本句中，动词-ing形式短语“looking at the street art for a few hours”作伴随状语。
【归纳拓展】
动词-ing形式作状语的用法：
形式 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
(1)动词-ing形式短语在句中作状语，可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式或伴随，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致；
(2)从时间意义上看，动词-ing形式的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生；动词-ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前；
(3)从语态意义上看，动词-ing形式往往表示主动的动作，它所修饰的人或物是分词动作的执行者，其否定形式是在前面加not。
Being sick, I stayed at home.
我因病待在家中。(原因状语)
Working hard, you will succeed.
如果努力工作，你就可以成功。(条件状语)
Hearing the news, he jumped for joy.
听了这消息，他高兴得跳了起来。(时间状语)
He died, leaving his wife with five children.
他去世了，留下妻子和五个孩子。(结果状语)
He was lying on the sofa watching TV.
他躺在沙发上看电视。(伴随状语)
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The dog entered the room,________(follow) its master.
(2)European football is played in more than 80 countries, ________(make) it the most popular game in the world.
【答案】(1)following (2)making
(3)________(live) far from my company, I have to get up early every morning.
(4)________(turn) left, you’ll see the park.
(5)________(not know) how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.
【答案】(3)Living (4)Turning (5)Not knowing
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．He is writing a________(有关历史的) novel about nineteenth-century France.
2．The school________(区域) provides training to help teachers improve their teaching methods.
【答案】1．historical 2．district
3．The boy was________(准许进入) to hospital with a soaring temperature.
4．His supporters________(宣称) victory in the presidential election the day before yesterday.
5．In the last century, large numbers of________(移民) flooded into the area.
【答案】3．admitted 4．claimed 5．immigrants
6．We are currently________(寻求) new ways of expanding our membership.
7．Judy was attracted by a blue and white ________(瓷器) when she entered a local store.
8．Most of the damage that has________(发生) was simply because of fallen trees.
【答案】6．seeking 7．china 8．occurred
9．It’s very________(肯定) a usage which has come over to Britain from America.
10．All our hotels have been carefully________(挑选) for the excellent value they provide.
【答案】9．definitely 10．selected
Ⅱ．短语填空
used to，head to，seek one’s fortune，earn a living, series of，apart from，bring about
1．After school, I __________ the local bookstore to buy some books that I needed.
2．__________ his earnings as a football coach, he also owns and runs a chain of sports shops.
【答案】1．headed to 2．Apart from
3．After his parents died, he had to __________by himself.
4．Green buildings will __________ a healthier and more comfortable living environment.
5．He had decided to quit his present job to __________ in the big city.
6．People __________ write letters to keep in touch with each other, but now people use phones to communicate with friends.
【答案】3．earn a living 4．bring about
5．seek his fortune 6．used to
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．This is the room ______________________.
这就是莎士比亚出生的房间。
2．______________ humour can help patients recover faster.
有人宣称，幽默可以帮助病人早日康复。
【答案】1．which Shakespeare was born in
2．It is claimed that
3．Which features do you look for _________________
你挑选轿车时要着重哪些特点？
4．The railway station was crowded with people __________ ______________.
火车站里挤满了正向家人道别的人。
【答案】3．when choosing a car
4．saying goodbye to their family
5．________________________ they should bring an umbrella in case of rain.
他们突然想到应该带把伞以防下雨。
【答案】5．It occurs to them that (共58张PPT)
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Period Three Discovering Useful Structures
& Listening and Talking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．adv. 特别；格外 adj. 顶好的；超级的
B．纪念物；纪念品
C．诗集；诗歌；诗作
D．靴子
E．百分率；百分比
1．I’m going to Greece in the summer so I’ve got to be super slim. ( )
2．I myself enjoy movies, poetry, eating out, and long walks. ( )
3．A souvenir is something which you buy or keep to remind you of a holiday, place, or event. ( )
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B
4．He sat in a kitchen chair, reached down and pulled off his boots. ( )
5．Fees are charged at a flat rate，rather than on a percentage basis. ( )
【答案】4．D 5．E
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．finance n．财政；金融；资金；财源→______ adj. 财政的；财务的；金融的
(参考：face→facial)
【答案】1．financial
2．mush＋room→________ n．蘑菇；蕈
(参考：black＋board→blackboard)
3．poison n．毒物；毒药；毒素vt. 毒死；毒害→____________ adj. 有毒的；分泌毒素的；引起中毒的
(参考：danger→dangerous)
【答案】2．mushroom 3．poisonous
4．collect v．收集；集资→________ n．作品集；收集物；收藏品
(参考：pollute→pollution)
5．unfold v．打开；展开；呈现；逐渐明朗→______ vt. 折叠；包；裹 vt. & vi. (可)折小；(可)叠平
(参考：lock→unlock)
【答案】4．collection 5．fold
Ⅲ．预备语法
根据句意完成句子，体会句子的省略
1．Some came by land and some _________ water.
2．On one side of the window is a mirror, and on the other side ________ painting.
【答案】1．by 2．a
3．Hundreds have got injured in the fighting and thousands ________(make) homeless.
4．Are you providing a first-class service If ________, why not
5．Once ________(see), such things can never be forgotten.
【答案】3．made 4．not 5．seen
6．If ________(accept) for this post, you will be informed by May 1st.
7．—Do you mind my smoking here
—Yes. Better ________.
8．I want to improve my English, but I don’t know________. What can you suggest
【答案】6．accepted 7．not 8．how
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
fold vt. 包；裹；折叠
vt. &vi. (可)折小；(可)叠平
(P30)I really like that paper folding book…
【翻译】我真的很喜欢那本折纸书……
【用法详解】
(1)fold up 折叠起来
fold in (烹饪时将调料)加入；调入
(2)folding adj. 折叠式的；可折叠的
(3)folder n．文件夹；纸夹
Will you help me to fold up the sheets
帮我将这些床单叠起来，好吗？
Fold in two eggs and then cook gently for thirty minutes.
拌入两只鸡蛋，然后再用文火煮半小时。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Fold ________ your clothes and put them away.
(2)We find our ________ (fold) table a great convenience.
(3)He ________ (fold) the letter and put it in an envelope.
(4)You’d better have the bed ________ (fold) to save space.
【答案】(1)up (2)folding (3)folded (4)folded
突 破 语 法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
①This district used to be a poor area of town, but is now a centre for art, music, and food.
②Can’t wait!
【我的领悟】
1．句①中________ (位置)省略了________ (内容)，省略部分在句中作________ (成分)；
2．句②中________ (位置)省略了________ (内容)，省略部分在句中作__________ (成分)。
Keys：1．并列句；this district；主语
2．主句；I；主语
□省略
在英语中，为了使语言简练或避免重复，常常省略句中的一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象称为省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：
一、简单句中的省略
1．省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是在祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。
(You) Shut up!
(You) Want a hand
(I) Beg your pardon.
(It) Doesn’t matter.
2．省略宾语：当上、下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常省略宾语。
—Do you know Miss Gao
—I don’t know (her).
3．省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确。此时，为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
(You come) This way, please.
(省略了主语和谓语)
(Have you) Got any ink
(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)
二、并列句中的省略
在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。
1．省略共同的主语或宾语。
Tom picked up a book on the floor and (Tom) handed it to his teacher.
2．若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。
Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
3．若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。
His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry.
4．若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。
He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn’t (have a knowledge of first aid).
三、复合句中的省略
1．状语从句的省略
(1)在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether, unless, whenever等引导的状语从句中，当从句的主语跟主句的主语相同且从句的谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。
Wood gives off much smoke while (it is)burning.
Whenever (it is) possible, they would stop him and ask him the three questions.
Will you be free this Sunday If (it is)so, let’s go camping.
※【拓展提升】若省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系，则使用动词-ing形式现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用动词-ed形式；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。
When (it is) heated, ice can be turned into water.
(2)在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。
They don’t use more water than (it is)necessary.
He runs as fast as Bob (runs).
※【拓展提升】并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词；由after, before, because等引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语等，用动词-ing形式代替be动词。
Because he was ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.
→Because of being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting. (正)
→Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting. (正)
→Because ill, he didn’t attend the meeting. (误)
2．定语从句的省略
(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that可省略(但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。
The exact year (which/that)Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008．
(2)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。
The way (that/in which)he speaks to us is really annoying.
3．宾语从句的省略
(1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。
I truly believe (that)beauty comes from within.
He said (that)the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
(2)when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时仅保留引导词。
I know that a movie star will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to our city).
四、其他的省略情况
1．动词不定式的省略
(1)当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。
You can’t force him to answer the question if he’s not ready to (answer the question).
(2)某些使役动词(如make, let, have等)以及感官动词(如see, watch, notice, observe, hear等)后面作宾补的不定式必须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态时，则to不可省略。
We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.
She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom. (被动语态)
(3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。
He likes to swim more than (to) skate.
He believes it important to study rather than to make friends. (比较)
(4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略。常见的此类动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, know, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish。
I would do it for you, but I don’t know how to (do it for you).
(5)介词but, except (除了)前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。
All he could do was nothing but wait and see.
(6)当不定式在be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to等后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。
They didn’t visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents).
※【拓展提升】①若省略的不定式内容含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，则to后要保留原形的have或be；②类似这样用法的还有动词短语ought to, be going to, be about to, be supposed to, have to, used to及形容词glad, happy, pleased, delighted等。
He didn’t come, but he ought to have (come).
—Are you a farmer
—No, but I used to be (a farmer).
2．使用so, not等时的省略
在英语中，可以用so, not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。
—Can you finish your work today
—I think so.
—I don’t think so. /I think not.
值得注意的是，hope, guess, be afraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用not…so的形式。
—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they
—I guess not.
3．介词的省略
(1)一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有：
①have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth
②be busy (in) doing sth
③spend some time (in) doing sth
④stop/prevent sb (from) doing sth
The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time.
(2)表示时间的介词at, on和in在next, last, this, these, yesterday, tomorrow, one, any, every, each, some等词之前时，一般省略。
We go to school (on) every day except Sundays.
□追踪练习
Ⅰ．将下列句子中省略的部分补全
1．Get up early tomorrow. If not, you will miss the first bus.
→Get up early tomorrow.____________________, you will miss the first bus.
【答案】1．If you don’t get up early tomorrow
2．While in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
→_________________, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
3．The child wanted to play in the street, but her mother told her not to.
→The child wanted to play in the street, _______________.
【答案】2．While I was in Beijing
3．but her mother told her not to play in the street
4．He gave the same answer as before.
→He gave the same answer ____________________.
5．You can’t ask him to do the things he doesn’t want to.
→You can’t ask him to do the things if he doesn’t want to ____________.
【答案】4．as he had given before
5．do the things
Ⅱ．将下列句子改写成省略句
1．John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not go abroad to travel.
→John will go abroad to travel but his brother ________________.
【答案】1．will not
2．She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.
→She stood at the gate as if __________________.
3．Tom felt very nervous when he was giving a speech.
→Tom felt very nervous ___________________.
【答案】2．waiting for someone 3．when giving a speech
4．I recommend that you avoid processed foods whenever it is possible.
→I recommend that you avoid processed foods ___________.
5．I can’t speak English as fluently as native speakers speak English.
→I can’t speak English as fluently as ______________.
【答案】4．whenever possible 5．native speakers
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The company is in________ (finance) difficulties, so the government’s help is needed.
2．If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll give off ________ (poison) gases and cause air pollution.
【答案】1．financial 2．poisonous
3．Before he died, he donated all of his ______ (collect) to the museum.
4．John turned his head away with his arms ________ (fold) over his chest.
5．________ is the percentage of the market share held by your company
【答案】3．collections 4．folded 5．What
Ⅱ．短语填空
1．The success of this project______________ our customers’ satisfaction，so we must provide the best service for them.
2．Have you__________________ the news that our team won the game
【答案】1．depends on 2．heard of
as soon as possible, hear of, check out, depend on
3．I need to __________________ the details of the latest contract before signing it.
4．She think she will adapt herself to the new environment __________________.
【答案】3．check out 4．as soon as possible
Ⅲ．课文原句填空
1．It ________________ a good idea.
听上去是个好主意。
2．What’s ________________ the waterfall
这个瀑布有什么特别的吗？
【答案】1．sounds like 2．special about
3．In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, ________ _____________ of the Monkey King.
在瀑布的后面你会发现一个洞穴，是孙悟空的家。
4．I’ll definitely______________________.
我一定要去查看一下。
【答案】3．which is the home 4．check it out
5．You’ll find Chinese culture is ____________________ you thought.
你会发现中国文化的多样性超出了你的想象。
【答案】5．much more diverse than (共48张PPT)
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Period Four Reading for Writing—Video Time
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．适合；满足……的需要；相配；合身
B．定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)
C．温和的；和善的；轻微的
D．气候
E．建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构
1．I think these glasses suit people with round faces. ( )
2．One day I’ll want to settle down and have a family. ( )
3．Climate and weather affect every aspect of our lives. ( )
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D
4．Construction is the building of things such as houses, factories, roads, and bridges. ( )
5．Florida’s winter is very mild; the temperature doesn’t often get below freezing. ( )
【答案】4．E 5．C
Ⅱ．预备写作素材
1．Now I’ll tell you something about _________ in our town.
现在我来告诉你一些有关我们城镇的名胜古迹的事。
2．________________ the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, I’m very happy to be your guide.
听说你们要来长江三峡，我很高兴成为你们的向导。
【答案】1．the places of interest 2．Hearing you are coming to
3．The beautiful town ________________ along the shore of the lake.
这个美丽的城镇坐落于湖的沿岸。
4．Our new town ________________ 12,000 mu with two rivers running through it.
我们的新城镇占地12 000亩，有两条河流穿城而过。
【答案】3．is located 4．covers an area of
5．Guilin, the small city, is unique and like a water colour painting, especially a Chinese painting, __________________ from all over the world to have a look at it.
桂林，是一个特殊的、充满水墨色彩的小城，更像一幅中国画，正等着来自全球的游客来参观。
【答案】5．waiting for visitors
课堂新知讲练
1．settle vt. &vi. 定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)
(P32)Historically, Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period.
【翻译】历史上，中国移民在铁路建设和淘金热时期就定居在该地区。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)
settle down (使)安顿下来；定居
(2)settler n．移民；定居者
(3)settlement n．(解决纷争的)协议；解决；处理；(关于钱财转让的)协议(书)
【用法详解】
It took me several weeks to settle in my new home.
我花了好几周时间才在新家安顿下来。
The chairman tried to settle the audience down.
主席尽力让听众安静下来。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)After the excitement, I tried to settle myself ________.
(2)Man began to settle ________ the places where the food and water were plentiful.
(3)This restaurant is owned by an Italian ________(settle).
【答案】(1)down (2)in/into (3)settler
2．suit vt. 适合；满足……需要；相配；合身
n．西服；套装
(P32)There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China.
【翻译】这里有适合每个人口味的中餐，有来自中国各地的传统菜肴。
(1)suit…to… 使……适合……
(2)suitable adj. 适合的
be suitable for… 适合于……
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
【用法详解】
I don’t think I should be suitable for the job.
我认为我不适合这个岗位。
This piece is not suitable to be played in the open air.
这个曲子不适合露天演奏。
【易混辨析】
suit, fit & match
词汇 用法
suit 意为“适合，适宜”，指衣服颜色、样式适合某人，还可指合乎需要、口味、地位、条件等。另外，用于比喻意义时多用suit
词汇 用法
fit 意为“适合，合身”，指大小、尺寸、形状等合适，引申为“吻合，协调”
match 意为“适合，和……匹配”，多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配，含有“与之相匹配”之意
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)A good teacher always suits his lessons ________ the age of his pupils.
(2)This book, written in everyday English, is ________ (suit) for beginners.
【答案】(1)to (2)suitable
(P32)It has a long and famous history, with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there.
【翻译】它有着悠久而著名的历史，作家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森花了很多时间在那里写作。
◇句式解读
【考点提炼】
本句中的“with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there”为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，即with的复合结构。
【归纳拓展】
with的复合结构在句中常作原因、条件、时间、方式或伴随状语，也可作后置定语。常见形式有：
①with＋宾语＋动词不定式(表示未做)；
②with＋宾语＋动词-ing形式(表示主动或进行)；
③with＋宾语＋动词-ed形式(表示被动或完成)；
④with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词(短语)(表示状态)
He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky.
他躺在草地上，眼望天空。
With my homework finished, I gladly accepted her invitation.
作业完成了，我欣然接受了她的邀请。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)With prices ________(go) up, more and more people can’t afford a new house.
(2)________ a dream in heart, he went to Beijing.
【答案】(1)going (2)With
(3)All the afternoon the scientist worked with the door ________(lock).
(4)With a lot of work________(do), I couldn’t go to the supermarket.
【答案】(3)locked (4)to do
作高效提升
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．China lies in the east of Asia and on the western coast of the Pacific Ocean.
中国位于亚洲东部， 太平洋西岸。
2．The beautiful town is located along the shore of the lake.
这个美丽的城镇坐落于湖的沿岸。
◎话题佳句
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
3．Hangzhou is famous/well-known for its beautiful West Lake.
杭州因其美丽的西湖而著名。
4．Hainan Province consists of Hainan Island and neighbouring isles as well as wide sea areas.
海南省由海南岛和附近的群岛及广阔的海域组成。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
5．Great changes have taken place over the past five years in my hometown.
我的家乡在过去的五年中发生了巨大的变化。
6．Thanks to the reform and opening-up policy, China has taken on a new look.
得益于改革开放政策， 中国的面貌已焕然一新。
【写作任务】
假设你是某旅行社的一名导游，请用英语向外宾介绍海南岛的基本情况。
◎写作范例
内容包括：
位置 位于中国南部
历史 6 000多年
人口 1 000多万，有30多个民族
主要产业 水稻种植、渔业等
气候 终年温和
旅游业 旅游业发达，游客多
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to Hainan. _______________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you.
【写作指导】
主题 向外宾介绍海南岛的基本情况 体裁 应用文
人称 第三人称 时态 一般现在时
布局 第一部分：介绍写作目的；
第二部分：详细介绍海南岛的位置、历史、人口、主要产业、气候、旅游业等情况；
第三部分：表示良好祝愿。
【遣词造句】
(1)____________ n．气候
(2)____________ adj. 温和的
(3)____________ 位于
答案：(1)climate (2)mild (3)be located in
(4)____________ 有……的历史
(5)____________ 有……人口
(6)____________ 谋生
(7)____________ 一年到头；全年
答案：(4)have a history of… (5)have a population of… (6)earn a living (7)all year round
【完成句子】
(1)Hainan _________________ the south of China. It has a history of over 6,000 years.
海南岛位于中国南方。它有6 000多年历史。
(2)It ___________________ over 10 million and is made up of more than 30 nationalities.
它有1 000多万人口，由30多个民族组成。
答案：(1)is located in (2)has a population of
(3)The farmers here ______________ by growing rice, fishing, and so on.
这里的农民以种植水稻、捕鱼等谋生。
(4)________________ all year round.
全年气候温和。
答案：(3)earn a living (4)The climate is mild
【句式升级】
(5)将句(1)升级为含有过去分词作状语的句子。
_______________________________________________
(6)将句(2)升级为含有定语从句的句子。
_______________________________________________
答案：(5)Located in the south of China, Hainan Island has a history of over 6,000 years.
(6)It has a population of over 10 million which is made up of more than 30 nationalities.
【连句成篇】
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to Hainan._ I’d like to introduce something about it.
Located in the south of China, Hainan Island has a history of over 6,000 years. It has a population of over 10 million which is made up of more than 30 nationalities.
The farmers here earn a living by growing rice, fishing, and so on. The climate is mild all year round. Because of the beautiful scenery and the pleasant climate, many travelers visit the island every year.
I hope everyone will have a good time here.
Thank you.
假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你的家乡情况。请你介绍一下你的家乡：
内容包括：
1．位于福建东部；
2．气候温暖多雨，常年绿树成荫；
3．近年经济发展迅速，家乡面貌焕然一新；
4．人民生活条件不断改善，不少人搬进新居，绝大多数家庭拥有私家车。
◎写作练笔
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter，
How is everything going with you recently I’m writing to _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Peter，
How is everything going with you recently I’m writing to introduce my hometown to you.
My hometown lies in the east of Fujian. The climate here is warm and rainy. There are green trees and beautiful flowers everywhere all year round. In recent years, the economy of my hometown has been developing rapidly, making it take on a new look. People’s living conditions are improving day by day. Many people have moved into new apartments and most families have cars of their own.
I believe my hometown will become more and more beautiful and you are welcome to visit my hometown at any time.
Yours，
Li Hua (共15张PPT)
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
美 文 导 入
素养解读：本单元隶属于“人与社会”主题语境下“历史、社会与文化”主题群。通过本单元的学习，学生应学会理解不同种族和民族之间文化的差异性和多样性，了解不同文化的历史渊源、发展过程和现实状况，尊重和包容不同文化的风俗习惯，加强不同文化之间的团结互助、共同发展，最终形成热爱、传播优秀传统文化并能兼容并蓄其他民族优秀文化的意识，培养开放性思维。
主题：接受文化多样性
学科素养：文化意识
难度系数：★★★
In every corner of the globe，there exist people from different religions，different regions，different ethnic identities who speak different languages，and celebrate different holidays.
Culture shapes our identity. It influences how we behave，and it makes us who we are. Culture brings people together equally in celebration and in grief. Without culture and cultural diversity，the world would be a sad and dull place. Cultural diversity is a system that recognises and respects the existence and presence of diverse groups of people within a society.
①Recognising that the world is made up of many different people from different backgrounds and cultures is the first step towards a more understanding and harmonious society._ Difference is not what divides us，but rather it should be celebrated as something that unites us as humans.
Through diverse cultures，we can explore and understand how other cultures operate and function. Opening our eyes to the existence of diverse and different cultures allows us to see the world from others’ points of view. We can see more, appreciate more, and understand more. Understanding is a crucial step before appreciating. It is the same for understanding different cultures around the world. Even if when we’re unable to understand why certain cultures do the things they do，we’re able to acknowledge it as their custom.
However，total acceptance needs wisdom and awareness. Some cultures and cultural practices may disturb human rights in the general society’s view. We must work towards educating the public with a respect for the community that culture or cultural practices belong to. When diversity is taught early in kids’ lives，they are more likely to communicate and interact with people of any background or culture. ②At the same time，we must educate ourselves about the pros and cons of cultural diversity so that the change we want to make won’t be one-sided or go against anyone’s rights.
equally /'i kw li/ adv. 同样地；相等地
harmonious / hɑ 'm ni s/ adj. 和谐的；融洽的
diverse /da 'v s/ adj. 不同的；多种多样的
existence / ɡ'z st ns/ n. 存在
crucial /'kru l/ adj. 至关重要的，决定性的
acknowledge / k'n l d / vt. 承认；认可
interact / nt r' kt/ vi. 相互交流，互动
○课标词汇
be made up of 由……组成
even if 即使；尽管
human rights 人权
a respect for 对……的尊重
(be) likely to 可能
at the same time 与此同时
○重要短语
①Recognising that the world is made up of many different people from different backgrounds and cultures is the first step towards a more understanding and harmonious society.
分析：该句为复合句。recognising为动词-ing形式作主语，紧随其后的“that…backgrounds and cultures”为宾语从句。
译文：认识到世界是由许多来自不同背景和文化的不同的人组成的，这是迈向更加理解与和谐社会的第一步。
○句型精析
②At the same time，we must educate ourselves about the pros and cons of cultural diversity so that the change we want to make won’t be one-sided or go against anyone’s rights.
分析：该句为复合句。so that意为“为了，以便”，引导目的状语从句。“we want to make” 为省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰前面的名词the change。
译文：与此同时，我们必须让自己了解文化多样性的利与弊，这样我们想要做出的改变就不会是片面的，也不会违背任何人的权利。
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
了解英语中表示省略的用法；
能简单介绍你所在的城市/地区；
熟练运用本单元的词汇及语言现象。
【素养提升】
了解旧金山乃至美国的多元文化，分析文化多样性带给人们的益处和调整；
运用合理的学习策略解决本单元的文化现象，流畅表达与多元文化相关的现象与观点；
思考如何应对文化多样性。
