UNIT 10 Period One
基础练
(建议用时：8分钟)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．A g________ is a place that has permanent exhibitions of works of art in it.
2．Do you want anything from the g________ store
3．Try to keep any ________ (冲突) between you and your ex-partner to a minimum.
4．A s________ is a large sports field with rows of seats all around it.
5．Today, however, she is one of the proud owners of a b________ specializing in sweet cakes.
【答案】1．gallery 2．grocery 3．conflict 4．stadium 5．bakery
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．As far as we are concerned, these ________ (friction) are not of our own making.
2．We should give the disabled ____________ (encourage) to live as rich and full a life as we do.
3．I trust you will take the earliest opportunity to make a full ________ (apologise).
4．We must first understand the basis for the ________ (disagree); if we do, then the answer will come.
5．We can’t focus on our homework because of the ________ (disturb) noise.
【答案】1．frictions 2．encouragement 3．apology 4．disagreement 5．disturbing
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．Don’t you ________________ equality between men and women
难道你不相信男女平等吗？
2．Everything will come right ________ .
一切到最后都会好起来的。
3．________________ sun isn’t good for you.
晒太多太阳对你并没有好处。
4．We can ________________ how much money is spent on food in any given period.
我们可以查明，在特定时间内花在食物上的钱有多少。
5．I often used to ________________ in supermarkets.
我过去常常到超市闲逛。
6．My visit to India in 1986 left ________________________________ me.
1986年的印度之行给我留下了难忘的印象。
【答案】1．believe in 2．in the end 3．Too much 4．find out 5．hang out
6．an unforgettable impression on
提升练
(建议用时：20分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Apples have always played a significant yet diverse role in history. Today apples continue to astonish in medicine，with headlines reporting that an apple a day really does have health benefits. In 2013，researchers in Oxford suggested that either an apple a day or a statin (a kind of drug) seemed to be equally successful at preventing heart attacks and strokes in people over the age of 50．
EPIC study，one of the biggest studies of its kind，involves half a million people and looks at the effects of eating fruit and vegetables on disease. Participants consuming at least eight portions a day had an astonishing 22% lower risk of heart disease，and risks of some cancers were slightly reduced. However，other cancers were unaffected，and there was no real effect on diabetes.
How might the humble apple be declaring war on heart disease and cancer，two of our biggest killers The answer might lie in polyphenols(多酚) in apples，which is useful for protecting the fruit from disease and also giving it colour and flavour. They have the potential to protect our body by reducing blood stickiness and cholesterol(胆固醇) levels.
Several studies also show a reduction in blood pressure when more fruit and vegetables are eaten. Furthermore，apples contain a fibre called pectin(果胶) which sticks to cholesterol in the body，slowing their absorption. What is clear is that the apple is a complex mix of components，working together for the good of our health.
But can we eat enough apples a day to keep the doctor away Eating too many may not be a good idea，especially with a risk of lasting exposure to low levels of pesticide. Some people are even allergic to apples，and they can wear away outer layer of tooth. The Department of Health’s advice to consume “ 5-a-day ” (including both fruit and vegetables) might be a realistic starting point.
1．Which of the following do the researchers agree with
A．An apple a day can successfully cure heart diseases.
B．Eating fruit and vegetables can reduce diabetes greatly.
C．Apples and medicine have similar effect in some cases.
D．Those eating apples have a lower risk of all cancers.
2．Why are polyphenols and pectin mentioned in the text
A．To make a comparison. B．To give advice on health.
C．To tell what apples contain. D．To clarify how apples work.
3．What does the underlined phrase “5-a-day” in the last paragraph refer to
A．An apple and five vegetables per day.
B．Five apples in different times every day.
C．Two apples and three vegetables every day.
D．Five portions of fruit and vegetables per day.
4．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．A nursing report.
【语篇解读】本文一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了吃苹果对健康的益处及为什么会有这些益处。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“In 2013, researchers in Oxford suggested that either an apple a day or a statin (a kind of drug) seemed to be equally successful at preventing heart attacks and strokes in people over the age of 50[在2013年，牛津大学的研究人员指出，每天一个苹果或一片斯达汀(一种药物)在预防50岁以上人群的心脏病发作和中风方面似乎同样有效]. ”可知，研究人员赞同苹果和药物在某些情况下有类似的效果。故选C项。
2．D 推理判断题。根据第三段“How might the humble apple be declaring war on heart disease and cancer, two of our biggest killers The answer might lie in polyphenols(多酚) in apples, which is useful for protecting the fruit from disease and also giving it colour and flavour. They have the potential to protect our body by reducing blood stickiness and cholesterol(胆固醇) levels(卑微的苹果如何向心脏病和癌症这两大杀手宣战？答案可能在于苹果中的多酚类物质，它有助于保护水果免受疾病，并给予其颜色和味道。它们有可能通过降低血液黏度和胆固醇水平来保护我们的身体). ”和第四段第二句“Furthermore, apples contain a fibre called pectin(果胶) which sticks to cholesterol in the body, slowing their absorption(此外，苹果含有一种称为果胶的纤维，这种纤维黏附在体内的胆固醇上，减缓其吸收). ”可知，文中提到多酚和果胶是为了阐明苹果是如何对我们的健康产生作用的。故选D项。
3．D 词义猜测题。根据画线短语句中的“including both fruit and vegetables”可知，句中的数字“5”指的是水果和蔬菜共五份。由此可知，句中指卫生部建议每天摄入五份水果和蔬菜，画线短语“5-a-day”指每天五份水果和蔬菜。故选D项。
4．B 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段第二句“Today apples continue to astonish in medicine, with headlines reporting that an apple a day really does have health benefits(今天，苹果在医学上继续令人惊讶，头条新闻报道每天一个苹果确实对健康有益). ”可知，本文主要介绍了吃苹果对健康的好处。由此可知，本文有可能出自一本健康杂志。故选B项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
Pharen，a former student of mine，is now a teacher at my high school. She walked by me in the __1__ this afternoon and said with a smile，“Ms Harris，I know you love our word of the week — integrity. I heard it on the announcements this morning and I __2__ thought of you. ” I replied，“Thank you, Pharen; that __3__ me. ” She went on to say，“I always __4__ you talking to me about integrity and __5__ and how important they were. ” I __6__ her again and she continued on down the hallway.
As I reflect on this __7__ ，it brings a smile to my face. Of the many __8__ that she could associate with me，the fact that she associated the word “integrity” is important __9__ of my influence as an educator. I believe that she connected the idea of honesty and moral character with me __10__ the example I have set with my life.
It calls to mind a popular quote — “Let us not grow tired in doing __11__ ，for at the right time we will reap (得到) a harvest，if we do not give up. ” I am __12__ for a reminder today — when it seems that no one is __13__ it — that the important values are being caught and __14__ if I just keep “doing the right thing”. As a teacher，I know in __15__ you cannot see the fruit of a day’s work. It is invisible and remains so，maybe for twenty years.
1．A．hall B．office
C．gallery D．classroom
2．A．rarely B．casually
C．immediately D．potentially
3．A．upsets B．pleases
C．puzzles D．warns
4．A．catch B．forget
C．keep D．remember
5．A．participation B．fortune
C．character D．prejudice
6．A．comforted B．thanked
C．believed D．encountered
7．A．interaction B．negotiation
C．decision D．cooperation
8．A．colours B．interests
C．words D．tastes
9．A．confusion B．proof
C．exercise D．wisdom
10．A．instead of B．because of
C．except for D．regardless of
11．A．little B．nothing
C．wrong D．good
12．A．helpful B．faithful
C．grateful D．delightful
13．A．facing B．questioning
C．getting D．stealing
14．A．thrown away B．called off
C．figured out D．passed on
15．A．teaching B．science
C．economy D．communication
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者昔日的一位学生成了自己的同事。一天，两人在走廊上相遇，她的学生说起早上在报告中听到“诚实”一词时，瞬间联想到了作者，总是谈及诚实与品格的重要性。这次互动也提醒了作者，只要自己坚持去做对的事，这些重要的价值观总会被理解并且传递下去。
1．A 根据第一段最后一句“I __6__ her again and she continued on down the hallway. ”可知，在交谈过后，她继续沿着走廊走去。由此可以推断，两人是在走廊(hall)相遇的。故选A项。
2．C 根据下文中的“She went on to say, ’I always __4__ you talking to me about integrity and __5__ and how important they were. ’”可知，作者以前向她讲过“诚实”的重要性，所以听到这个词，她立马(immediately)想到了作者。rarely很少，难得；casually漫不经心地；immediately立刻，马上；potentially可能地，潜在地。故选C项。
3．B 作者的学生听到“诚实”就马上想起她，这件事让作者很高兴(pleases)。please意为“使满足；使高兴”，与第二段中的“it brings a smile to my face”意义是一致的。故选B项。
4．D 作者的学生听到“诚实”就马上想起她，说明她对作者以前谈论的一些价值观记忆深刻。remember sb doing sth“记得某人做过某事”。故选D项。
5．C 根据第一段倒数第二句“you talking to me about integrity and”与第二段最后一句“I believe that she connected the idea of honesty and moral character with me …”可知，此空填character，是原词复现。character品质；性格。故选C。
6．B 根据上文中的“I replied, ’Thank you, Pharen; that __3__ me. ’”可知，作者已经表示过感谢，结合空后的again一词可知，作者再次感谢了(thanked)对方。故选B项。
7．A 根据空后的“it brings a smile to my face”以及空前的“reflect on this”可以推断，作者思考上文描述的这件事，也就是作者与她的学生之间的这次交流(interaction)。interaction交流，互动；negotiation协商；decision决定；cooperation合作。故选A项。
8．C 上文以及本句中的“the fact that she associated the word ’integrity’”都提到了作者的学生把“诚实”这个词和作者联想到一起，所以此处填words。故选C项。
9．B 作者的学生通过“诚实”这个词联想起作者，这可以证明(proof)作者作为一个教育工作者的影响力。proof证明，证据。故选B项。
10．B 分析上下文内容可知，空前和空后的句子构成因果关系，即作者相信她之所以建立起这种联想是由于(because of)作者在生活中就秉承着这样的价值观念，树立起了榜样。instead of而不是；because of由于；except for除了；regardless of不管。故选B项。
11．D 根据下文中的“…for at the right time we will reap(得到) a harvest, if we do not give up. ”可知，此处指的应是做“有益的事”。good用作名词，表示“有益的事”。此处的“doing good”与该段倒数第二句中的“doing the right thing”是意义相近的表达。故选D项。
12．C 今天发生的事引起了作者的思考，她感激(grateful)今天发生的这样一件给自己以提醒的事。helpful有帮助的；faithful忠诚的；grateful感激的；delightful高兴的。故选C项。
13．C 该处表示“当看似没有人理解(getting)的时候”。get it表示“理解；明白”，与句中的caught(领会)是近义词复现。故选C项。
14．D 该处为并列或者递进关系。结合备选项可知，此处要表达的应该是在作者的坚持下，这些重要的价值观正在被理解并传递下去(passed on)。caught与passed on在语义上构成递进关系，并且通过文章内容“这些价值观从作者传到她的学生”来看，用passed on也是很准确的。throw away扔掉；call off取消；figure out弄明白；pass on传递下去。本题C项干扰性比较大，由于figured out与caught的语义重复，相比较，D项才是最符合语境的。故选D项。
15．A 此处表示“身为一名老师，我知道在教学工作(teaching)中，你无法看到一天的工作成果。”teaching一词与作者老师的职业一致。故选A项。UNIT 10 Period Two
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．Air traffic control lost radio ________ with the pilot of the plane ten minutes before the accident.
A．network B．contact
C．doubt D．research
2．Everyone has heard the ________ , “giving up is not an option”， but many disregard it and do not believe in it.
A．idea B．passage
C．phrase D．context
【答案】1-2 BC
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．A t__________ is a formal idea or set of ideas that is intended to explain something.
2．A c__________ consists of metal rings connected together in a line.
3．Your i__________ of a person or thing is what you think they are like, usually after having seen or heard them.
4．Each of these pages has hot links to other documents throughout the ________ (网络).
5．It’s one of the reasons we love stories so much: they give meaning to what might otherwise be ________ (随机的) events.
6．I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small p________ .
7．They are calling for the __________ (释放) of the hostages on humanitarian grounds.
8．Food and Beverage Magazine is a professional b__________ (两月一次的) magazine for the national catering hotel industry to build a learning-exchange platform.
【答案】1．theory 2．chain 3．impression 4．network
5．random 6．parcel 7．release 8．bimonthly
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．When you first meet her, she gives a superficial ________ (impress) of warmth and friendliness.
2．Winning the Albert Einstein Award is the highest achievement in ________ (theory) physics.
3．At the beginning of the test, the fish did not know where to go, and they chose __________ (random).
4．She burst into tears, ________ (release) all her pent-up(被压抑的) emotions.
【答案】1．impression 2．theoretical 3．randomly 4．releasing
Ⅳ. 完成句子
1．The villages are ______________________ a mile apart as the crow flies.
这些村庄直线距离相隔不超过一英里。
2．Thus pension reform, first flagged in ________________________________ January, has been postponed until the first quarter of next year.
因此，于今年1月兴起的养老金改革，被推迟到明年的第一个季度开始。
3．Such huge variations make the reach of ____________ grow to all sectors of the society.
这种巨大的差异性使得社交网络的范围延伸到社会的所有领域。
4．My conception of a garden ______________________ gardens I had visited in England.
我对花园的概念是基于我在英格兰参观过的一些花园。
【答案】1．no more than 2．as long ago as 3．social networks 4．was based on
提升练
(建议用时：25分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
English is my mother tongue，so for a long time I never had to give much thought to speaking about science in a different language — something many researchers have to do every day. But my privilege was ended in July 2020 when I started my research group as a junior faculty(教学人员) member at University of Montreal，a French-language institution in Quebec，Canada. I now communicate daily in both English and French.
Over the past few years，I have communicated science in French to a general audience，to the wider scientific community and to graduate students at the university. I believe that learning how to communicate science effectively in a language other than English has helped me to become a better science communicator in general. Explaining my research to a general audience in a second language proved hard. But with practice and continuous opportunities，I started to find my footing. For instance，shortly after starting at the University of Montreal，I gave an interview in French about my research projects. This was a great opportunity but also a big test of my language skills.
I have learnt to keep practising and to have confidence in myself and in my ability. It is important not to be afraid to make mistakes or to ask for help. The primary goal is to get the message across clearly.
I have also faced difficult tasks，notably learning French field-specific jargon(术语)，and translating abstracts，course material and so on. Alongside these academic challenges，I have to tackle administrative duties in a second language.
It has not always been easy or convenient to have to include French in my professional.
Despite challenges，talking and writing about science in a language other than English has helped me to communicate more effectively with general and scientific audiences, and has proved to be rewarding!
1．When did the author begin to talk about science in French
A．Before the year of 2020．
B．When he started to do his research.
C．When he studied as a student.
D．After he worked at University of Montreal.
2．What does the author think of the interview in French about the research project
A．Enjoyable. B．Interesting.
C．Challenging. D．Encouraging.
3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Communicating science in French is convenient.
B．Working in French benefits the author greatly.
C．The author’s professional life is very smooth.
D．The author’s French is poor and needs improving.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Science Communication in a Second Language
B．The Process of Learning a Second Language
C．The Experience of Science Research in Canada
D．Effective Science Communication in Work
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在科学研究和交流过程中需要使用法语的事情。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第一段“English is my mother tongue, so for a long time I never had to give much thought to speaking about science in a different language — something many researchers have to do every day. But my privilege was ended in July 2020 when I started my research group as a junior faculty(教学人员) member at University of Montreal, a French-language institution in Quebec, Canada. I now communicate daily in both English and French. ”可知，作者是在蒙特利尔大学做教学员之后开始使用法语。故选D项。
2．C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For instance, shortly after starting at the University of Montreal, I gave an interview in French about my research projects. This was a great opportunity but also a big test of my language skills(例如，在蒙特利尔大学工作后不久，我接受了一个关于我的研究项目的法语采访。这是一个很好的机会，同时也是对我语言能力的一个很大的考验). ”可知，作者认为关于研究项目的法语访谈很有挑战性。故选C项。
3．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite challenges, talking and writing about science in a language other than English has helped me to communicate more effectively with general and scientific audiences, and has proved to be rewarding(尽管面临挑战，用英语以外的语言谈论和写作关于科学方面的内容帮助我更有效地与一般的和科学的听众交流，并已证明是有益的)！”可知，在作者看来，用法语工作有很多的好处。故选B项。
4．A 标题归纳题。根据第一段“English is my mother tongue, so for a long time I never had to give much thought to speaking about science in a different language — something many researchers have to do every day. But my privilege was ended in July 2020 when I started my research group as a junior faculty(教学人员) member at University of Montreal, a French-language institution in Quebec, Canada. I now communicate daily in both English and French. ”和最后一段“Despite challenges, talking and writing about science in a language other than English has helped me to communicate more effectively with general and scientific audiences, and has proved to be rewarding！”可知，这篇文章主要讲述作者使用法语进行科学研究和交流的事情。故选A项。
Ⅱ．读后续写
Thick snow covered around my car. Everything around me was blanketed in white. The light was fading as the sun set over the rocky peaks.
I was driving up a mountain and it was supposed to be a four-hour trip from Red River，to Durango. I inched along on a winding，unfamiliar road in a snowstorm. I was on my way to meet my friend Jane，who was visiting her family in Durango. She’d invited me to join them for the weekend. The fastest way to Durango from Red River would be this mountain road. I was so excited about the weekend that I left without checking the weather.
Thirty minutes into my drive，the snow had started. It was gentle snow at first. I thought about turning around. Because it hardly looked threatening，I continued. Now I regretted that decision. But it was too late. The road was too narrow and icy for me to turn around. The snow was getting worse. The only way out was forward，higher and higher into the mountains. The last bit of sunlight disappeared，and I couldn’t see anything beyond the few feet lighted by my headlights.
My cell phone had lost service as soon as I’d entered the mountain pass and was powered off. I couldn’t call for help. I had some bottled water in the car and the clothes in my luggage. Maybe I could find a place to pull over and wear more clothes until morning. Would that be enough to keep me warm all night How long would it take for someone to find me “Everything will be fine，” I whispered.
Then I noticed a pair of lights seemed to glow dimly(隐隐发光) through the snowstorm. I opened my eyes wide and then drove ahead. There they were. Tail-lights! There was a car in front of me! At least someone was here with me. “Focus on the lights, not your fear，” I told myself.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
I could see the car’s tire tracks in my headlights. ____________________________________
One possible version：
I could see the car’s tire tracks in my headlights. All I had to do was to follow the tracks the rest of the way down the mountain. I drove slowly, keeping my wheels within the tracks every inch of the way. Soon I could see the lights of a town twinkling in the distance. The snow started to cover the tracks I was following. But both of us had made it.
After leaving the narrow mountain road, I got closer and the car I followed stopped. ________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
After leaving the narrow mountain road, I got closer and the car I followed stopped. As I got closer, I saw it was a SUV. I pulled up beside it and rolled down my window. The driver of the car did the same. “Many thanks. I was really scared on my way. Fortunately, I followed you. It was your car’s light and tracks that gave me hope and encouragement. ” The driver looked at me and smiled. “My pleasure. To tell you the truth, I was also fearful at the heavy snow, but when I noticed there was a car behind me, I felt much better. ” In fact, we hadn’t been alone on that mountain road at night.UNIT 10 Period Three
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．We sat on low, cushioned seats, drinking sweet mint tea and eating sugar cookies, while the family members sat with us and made shy, polite conversation that ______ fell into uncomfortable silence.
A．additionally B．frequently
C．consequently D．closely
2．When my little sister Lily was born, we were thrilled to have a new ________ to our family.
A．communication B．bond
C．addition D．effect
3．She used to love cats but one ________ her and she doesn’t like them anymore.
A．attacked B．treated
C．appreciated D．implied
【答案】1－3 BCA
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．____________ (除此之外), we explain how you can recreate our testing setup in your own environment to do your own performance tests.
2．Be able to travel f____________ and has at least two years travelling experiences.
3．She was organising and running a large ____________ (家庭), a position of trust which was generously paid.
4．A ________ (纽带) of friendship had been forged between them.
5．That is the c____________ of its endless evolution.
【答案】1．Additionally 2．frequently 3．household 4．bond 5．consequence
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．They ________ (frequent) plumb the depths of loneliness, humiliation, and despair.
2．________ (additional), you can name your application delegate class whatever you want.
3．The true ____________ (consequence) will only be known several years hence.
【答案】1．frequently 2．Additionally 3．consequences
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．In 1971, she began working part－time ________________________________ .
在1971年，她开始在一个广播节目中做兼职。
2．There’s not much ________________ around here.
这里集体精神比较薄弱。
3．In 2010, we received a commission to design a ________________ in a forest in the outskirts of Madrid.
在2010年，我们接到了一个设计一座在马德里郊区森林里的单家独户的房子的委托。
4．What made you choose the one ________________ the other
你怎么选了这个而不是那个
5．To make true friends, you need to ________________________ others in the first place.
要结交真正的朋友，首先就要对他人友好。
6．The latest movie made by that internationally famous director turned out to be a ________________ .
这位国际知名导演拍摄的最新影片结果是彻底的失败。
【答案】1．in a radio programme
2．community spirit
3．single－family house
4．rather than 5．be friendly to
6．total failure
提升练
(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
The Book Lady
It was Jennifer Williams’s mother who got her hooked on books. A librarian，she read to her three children every day. “Not until we went to kindergarten，” Williams told ，a local news site，“until we went to college. ”
When Williams，now 54，became an elementary school teacher and tutor in Danville, Virginia，she wanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had. But early on，she realised that some kids had limited access to books.
“It’s very obvious to teachers of young children which kids are read to versus(与……相比) kids who are not，” she said. “It’s obvious at the end of the first day of school. ” To Williams，the solution was simple: Give kids books. In 2017，as part of a civic event called Engage Danville，she gave away 900 used children’s books over three days. Most people would be satisfied with that.
“I was like，’Anybody could do that，’” she said. “I wanted to do something that’s going to stretch my faith，my work ethic，my everything. ”
So she set a new goal for herself: Give away one million books. It sounds like an unreachable number，but as Williams posted on social media: “Don’t complain in the bleachers if you aren’t willing to work hard out on the field. ”
So she got to work，first by roping(说服) in friends to donate books or money to buy books. Before long，as news of Williams’s project spread，strangers started leaving piles of books on her front porch. As quickly as the books come in，Williams gives them to local schools — free of charge — and also supplies books to little free libraries around the city of 41，000 just over the North Carolina border. She also hosts a book club for prisoners in the local prison.
In the four years she’s been doing all this，the Book Lady，as Williams has come to be known，has given away more than 78，000 books — only 922，000 more to reach her goal! And she is not slowing down. It is too important for kids with few options.
“Reading can take you anywhere，” she said in an interview. “You can travel in time and space. If you can read，you can learn almost anything. ”
1．What made Williams interested in reading
A．Her children’s hobby. B．Her mother’s influence.
C．A stranger’s encouragement. D．A teacher’s impact.
2．Why did Williams originally contribute so many books
A．To satisfy most people.
B．To celebrate the civic event.
C．To help students love reading.
D．To stretch her faith and work ethic.
3．How did Williams collect books for her goal
A．By asking her friends to buy books.
B．By attaining books from the prison.
C．By getting donation from free libraries.
D．By receiving donated books from strangers.
4．According to the passage，what words can best describe Williams
A．Helpful and ambitious.
B．Respectable and innocent.
C．Hard－working and adventurous.
D．Determined and humourous.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Jennifer Williams志愿捐书的爱心故事。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“It was Jennifer Williams’s mother who got her hooked on books. ”可知，她母亲的影响使Williams对阅读产生了兴趣。故选B项。get hooked on “迷上；上瘾”。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“… she wanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had. ”可知，为了帮助孩子们热爱阅读，她开始捐书。故选C项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“So she got to work, first by roping(说服) in friends to donate books or money to buy books(于是她开始工作，首先是拉拢朋友们捐书或出钱买书). ”可知，她通过让她的朋友买书来收集书籍。故选A项。
4．A 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“To Williams, the solution was simple: Give kids books. ”可知，她乐于助人；根据第五段第一句“So she set a new goal for herself: Give away one million books. ”可知，她是很有抱负的。故选A项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
I love and enjoy playing the piano. So when the recital(音乐演奏会) was __1__ ，I was disappointed. I had expected it for long and already __2__ my best songs.
However，Mom turned this __3__ into something worthwhile. “You should __4__ at Carriage House Manor. I’m sure the __5__ there would really appreciate the music. ” To me，this was a win－win situation because not only would I play more songs，but I have the chance to __6__ the residents，some of whom tragically didn’t have families.
The much－anticipated day __7__ arrived. Stepping into the dining area，I saw several gray－haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner and the __8__ . Despite on－going conversations at tables， __9__ still hung like a dark cloud in the room. After introductions，I sat down in front of the piano，butterflies in my stomach. But my __10__ melted away as I played on.
The dinner hour flew by. One woman got up and began to cheerfully __11__ around the room to the beat of the __12__ while others snapped their fingers(打响指). I was __13__ to see how music brought big smiles to their faces.
Calling off the recital was a blessing because it led to us __14__ the gift of music with those who needed it most. Go spread __15__ whenever possible.
1．A．cancelled B．sponsored
C．organised D．postponed
2．A．recorded B．prepared
C．composed D．sung
3．A．burnout B．letdown
C．getaway D．turnaround
4．A．relax B．investigate
C．perform D．wait
5．A．seniors B．nurses
C．guards D．musicians
6．A．cheer up B．settle down
C．comment on D．hunt for
7．A．simply B．accidentally
C．finally D．nearly
8．A．freedom B．vacation
C．company D．privilege
9．A．silence B．horror
C．confusion D．loneliness
10．A．desperation B．nervousness
C．frustration D．embarrassment
11．A．spin B．wander
C．dance D．glance
12．A．drums B．heart
C．words D．music
13．A．determined B．upset
C．curious D．amazed
14．A．carrying B．exchanging
C．discussing D．sharing
15．A．faith B．kindness
C．message D．awareness
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因音乐演奏会被取消而感到很失望。但在妈妈的建议下，作者去马车之家庄园演奏，为孤独的老人带来了欢乐。
1．A 考查动词。句意：所以当音乐演奏会被取消时，我很失望。A．cancelled取消；B．sponsored发起；C．organised组织；D．postponed推迟。根据空后的“I was disappointed. I had expected it for long and already __2__ my best songs. ”可知，作者期待已久的音乐演奏会被取消。故选A项。
2．B 考查动词。句意：我期待了很久，并且已经准备好了我最好的歌曲。A．recorded记录；B．prepared准备；C．composed作曲；D．sung唱。根据“So when the recital(音乐演奏会) was __1__ , I was disappointed. ”可知，作者为音乐演奏会准备好了最好的歌曲。故选B项。
3．B 考查名词。句意：然而，妈妈把这种失望变成了有意义的事情。A．burnout精疲力竭；B．letdown失望；C．getaway逃走；D．turnaround突然好转。根据第一段中的“I was disappointed. ”可知，妈妈把作者的失望变成有意义的事情。故选B项。
4．C 考查动词。句意：你应该去马车之家庄园表演。A．relax放松；B．investigate调查；C．perform表演；D．wait等待。根据“I had expected it for long and already __2__ my best songs. ”可知，妈妈建议作者去马车之家庄园去表演准备好的歌曲。故选C项。
5．A 考查名词。句意：我相信那里的老年人一定会喜欢这些音乐的。A．seniors年长者；B．nurses护士；C．guards警卫；D．musicians音乐家。根据第三段中的“Stepping into the dining area, I saw several gray－haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner and …”可知，马车之家庄园里住着老人。故选A项。
6．A 考查动词短语。句意：对我来说，这是一个双赢的局面，因为我不仅会演奏更多的歌曲，而且我有机会让居民高兴起来，不幸的是，其中一些人没有家人。A．cheer up高兴起来；B．settle down定居；C．comment on对……评论；D．hunt for寻找。根据“this was a win－win situation”和“some of whom tragically didn’t have families”可知，作者可以通过演奏歌曲让不幸的居民高兴起来。故选A项。
7．C 考查副词。句意：万众期待的那一天终于到来了。A．simply简单地；B．accidentally偶然地；C．finally最终；D．nearly几乎。根据第一段中的“I had expected it for long and already __2__ my best songs. ”可知，作者期待已久演奏的那一天终于到来了。故选C项。
8．C 考查名词。句意：走进用餐区，我看到几个头发花白的人似乎在享受晚餐和陪伴。A．freedom自由；B．vacation假期；C．company陪伴；D．privilege特权。根据空前的“I saw several gray－haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner”可知，作者准备演奏时，恰好是老人在享受晚餐和陪伴的时间。故选C项。
9．D 考查名词。句意：尽管餐桌上的谈话不断，但孤独仍像乌云一样笼罩着房间。A．silence沉默；B．horror恐怖；C．confusion混淆；D．loneliness孤独。根据第二段中的“some of whom tragically didn’t have families”可知，其中一些人失去了家人，所以很孤独。故选D项。
10．B 考查名词。句意：但当我继续演奏时，我的紧张感消失了。A．desperation绝望；B．nervousness紧张；C．frustration挫折；D．embarrassment尴尬。根据空前的“After introductions, I sat down in front of the piano, butterflies in my stomach. ”可知，作者刚开始演奏时很紧张。故选B项。butterfly in the stomach意为“紧张不安”。
11．C 考查动词。句意：一名女子站起来，随着音乐的节拍欢快地在房间里跳舞，其他人打着响指。A．spin旋转；B．wander漫步；C．dance跳舞；D．glance一瞥。根据空前的“One woman got up”可知，这位女子站起来随着音乐的节拍跳舞。故选C项。
12．D 考查名词。句意：同上题。根据空前的“One woman got up and began to cheerfully __11__ around the room”可知，女子随着音乐的节拍跳舞。故选D项。
13．D 考查形容词。句意：我很惊讶地看到音乐是如何让他们的脸上绽放笑容的。A．determined有决心的；B．upset沮丧的；C．curious好奇的；D．amazed惊讶的。根据空后的“see how music brought big smiles to their faces”可知，作者看到他们的脸上绽放笑容时感到很惊讶。故选D项。
14．D 考查动词。句意：取消演奏会是一件好事，因为它让我们把音乐这份礼物分享给最需要它的人。根据“Calling off the recital was a blessing”可知，音乐演奏会虽然被取消了，但是作者把音乐这份礼物分享给有需要的人。故选D项。
15．B 考查名词。句意：无论什么时候，只要有可能，就去传播善意。A．faith信任；B．kindness善良；C．message信息；D．awareness认识。根据“whenever possible”可知，作者认为无论什么时候，只要有可能，尽可能去传播善良。故选B项。 UNIT 10 Period Four
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．At the sight of the poor cat, Lon was ________ with a mixture of joy and relief.
A．adopted B．quit
C．stolen D．seized
2．She ________ her son in her arms when the strange man approached.
A．froze B．blew
C．slipped D．clasped
3．They were forced to wait outside for hours, ________ with cold.
A．shivering B．sobbing
C．sighing D．frowning
【答案】1-3 DDA
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．If you a________ a new attitude, plan, or way of behaving, you begin to have it.
2．Most people hate Harry but they don’t ________ (胆敢) to say so.
3．If you d________ into some water, you jump in head first with your arms held straight above your head.
4．She has refused to r________ the whereabouts of her daughter.
5．I found a crumpled, ________ (有泪痕的) sheet stuffed in the back of his desk.
6．If someone, especially an official, i________ an event, situation, or claim, he tries to find out what happened or what is the truth.
7．The body is made up primarily of b________ , muscle, and fat.
【答案】1．adopt 2．dare 3．dive 4．reveal
5．tear-stained 6．investigates 7．bone
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．We argued her into the ________ (adopt) of the plan.
2．She was shaking with fear, while the two men were looking at her in ________ (amaze).
3．There’s always food in the ________ (freeze) if need be.
4．Maximian’s campaigns were not ________ (proceed) smoothly.
5．Further ________ (investigate) is clearly warranted.
【答案】1．adoption 2．amazement 3．freezer
4．proceeding 5．investigation
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．No sooner had she said it than she _______________ .
她刚一说完，泪水便夺眶而出。
2．Beautiful shadows in bright waves always linger _________________ my heart.
波光里的艳影，在我的心头荡漾。
3．While Heidi was talking, Peter’s mother arrived, and exclaimed ________________ , “Surely, this is Heidi. ”
海蒂正在说话时，彼得的妈妈来了，她惊讶地叫道：“没错，这是海蒂。”
4．If you promise me all this, I will _________________ the water and bring up your pretty golden ball.
如果你答应我这些，我就潜到水里去把你漂亮的金球拿上来。
【答案】1．burst into tears 2．in the depth of
3．in amazement 4．dive down into
提升练
(建议用时：25分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
·Do an anonymous(匿名的) act of kindness for someone.
·Leave a smile card behind to encourage them to pay-it-forward.
·Share your story here to spread the inspiration.
·Changed the world，one kind act at a time.
ORDER SMILE CARDS
To request Smile Cards，please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay-it-forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay-forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstances，you can also place a large quantity of request.
Note: When using a Smile Card，remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind，so that they know someone reached out to them，and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the rippled going!
Country: *-select -
Name: * ________
There is a daily maximum order for each country. Please select a country first to make sure we have not exceeded the quota(定额) for the day.
Address: * ________
City: * ________
State: *- select-
Email address: * ________
Inspiration: * ________
Please tell us what inspired you to order Smile Cards，and give us an example of a kind act you’d like to do using them.
PLACE SMILE CARD ORDER NOW
ABOUT US
Kind Spring is a place to practice small acts of kindness. For over a decade, the Kind Spring user community has focused on inner transformation，while collectively changing the world with generosity，gratitude，and trust. The site is 100% volunteer-run and totally non-commercial. It is a shared labor of love.
1．When can you use a smile card
A．Your friend’s birthday is approaching.
B．Your classmate has won the first prize.
C．You’ve ordered lunch for a poor friend.
D．You find your classmate in low spirits.
2．To order smile cards，you have to ________ .
A．pay for them in advance
B．place a big quantity of request
C．mail some necessary information
D．tell what favor you will do for others
3．The purpose of using smile cards is to encourage people to ________.
A．spread kindness
B．become volunteers
C．advertise for Kind Spring
D．pay others’ kindness back
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微笑卡卡片，并说明如何申请微笑卡、微笑卡的使用注意事项及背后负责的团队。
1．C 推理判断题。根据“Note”部分中的“When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind(当使用微笑卡片时，记住不要把它单独分发出去。这个想法是为别人做一些善良的事情，然后把微笑卡片留在身后). ”可知，做一件善良的事情时，可以使用微笑卡，“你为一个穷朋友点了午餐”属于做的善事。故选C项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据文章中的“Please tell us what inspired you to order Smile Cards, and give us an example of a kind act you’d like to do using them(请告诉我们是什么激发了你订购微笑卡片，并给我们一个你想用它们做的善良行为的例子). ”可知，要申请微笑卡片，需要告诉你想为别人做什么。故选D项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据“Note”中的“… so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the rippled going(这样他们就知道有人向他们伸出了援手，他们也被邀请来传递这种善良，让这种行为继续下去)！”可知，使用微笑卡是鼓励人们传递善良。故选A项。
Ⅱ．七选五
For making contact and communicating with a person, effective eye contact is essential to our everyday interaction with people，and also to those who want to be effective communicators in public places. __1__ .
Generally in Western societies and many other cultures，eye contact with a person is expected to be regular but not overly persistent. __2__ ，causing the person who’s the object of a person’s stare to feel overly studied and uncomfortable.
__3__ . The New Zealand Medical Journal reported that one reason so many young children fall victim to attacks by pet dogs is their overly-lasting eye contact with pets, which causes them to feel threatened and defensive.
Overly lasting eye contact is also a sign of a person’s over-awareness of the messages they are giving. In the case of people who try to lie to someone，they may distort(扭曲) their eye contact so that they’re not avoiding it. __4__ . But on the contrary, evasive(逃避的) eye contact is a sign of discomfort. Why do we avoid looking at a person It may be because we feel ashamed to be looking at them if we’re being dishonest of trying to take them in. Evasive eye contact may also a sign of dishonesty.
However，Scotland’s University of Stirling found that，in a question-and-answer study among children，those who maintained eye contact were less likely to come up with the correct answer to a question than those who looked away to consider their response. __5__ ，when this energy could be spent on deep thinking.
A．This is a widely recognized indicator of lying
B．Constant eye contact is often considered to be rude
C．Eye contact is the act of looking into someone’s eyes
D．But there’s something you may not know about eye contact
E．Overpowering eye contact can make the other person excited
F．Even between humans and non-humans，lasting eye contact is sometimes unadvisable
G．Eye contact, as a socializing device, can take a surprising amount of effort to maintain
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中一些你可能不知道的关于眼神交流的事。
1．D 根据第一段中的“For making contact and communicating with a person, effective eye contact is essential to our everyday interaction with people, and also to those who want to be effective communicators in public places(为了与人接触和交流，有效的眼神交流对于我们与人的日常互动至关重要，对于那些想在公共场所成为有效沟通者的人来说也是如此). ”可知，上文介绍了眼神交流在生活中的重要性。D项“但是有一些你可能不知道的关于眼神交流的事”能够承接上文并引起下文，下文介绍的正是一些你可能不知道的关于眼神交流的事。故选D项。
2．B 根据第二段的“Generally in Western societies and many other cultures, eye contact with a person is expected to be regular but not overly persistent(一般来说，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，与人的眼神接触应该是间隙均匀的，但不会过于持久). ”可知，上文告诉我们，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，眼神接触不应该过于持久。B项“不断的眼神接触通常被认为是粗鲁的”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。
3．F 根据第三段中的“The New Zealand Medical Journal reported that one reason so many young children fall victim to attacks by pet dogs is their overly-lasting eye contact with pets, which causes them to feel threatened and defensive(《新西兰医学杂志》报道说，许多儿童成为宠物狗攻击的受害者的一个原因是他们与宠物长时间的眼神接触，这使它们感受受到威胁，开始防御). ”可知，下文告诉我们儿童与宠物长时间的眼神接触使宠物狗感觉受到威胁，并攻击儿童。F项“即使在人类和非人类之间，持续的目光接触有时也是不可取的”能够引起下文，下文正是人类和非人类之间，持续的目光接触所带来的危害。故选F项。
4．A 根据第四段中的“In the case of people who try to lie to someone, they may distort(扭曲) their eye contact so that they’re not avoiding it(如果有人试图对某人撒谎，他们可能会扭曲他们的眼神接触，以便他们不会避免眼神接触). ”可知，上文告诉我们有人试图撒谎时，会通过扭曲他们的眼神接触来掩饰心虚。A项“这是一个被广泛认可的说谎标志”是对上文内容的总结，符合语境。故选A项。
5．G 根据第五段中的“when this energy could be spent on deep thinking”可知，文章结尾进行总结，告诉我们：眼神交流需要进行练习，进行深入思考。G项“眼神交流作为一种社交手段，需要付出惊人的努力才能维持”能够引起下文，符合语境。故选G项。
Ⅲ．语法填空
A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live a decade longer than a contemporary who dropped out of high school. 1.________ researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor，yet this education gap is less well documented. And while the average American’s 2.________ (expect) life span(寿命) has been flat in recent years，that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree 3.________ (continue) to lengthen.
What is the link between schooling and longevity Some argue that better-educated people develop 4.________ (healthy) lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better educated earn more，which in turn 5.________ (associate) with greater health. Ms Case and Mr Deaton of Princeton University argue that changes in labour markets，including 6.________ rise of automation and increased demand for 7.________ (high) educated workers，coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care，have depressed the supply of well paid jobs 8.________ those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use and other 9.________ (death) of despair. In order for America’s overall life span 10．________ (start) climbing again，improvements will be needed across all social groups，not just among the privileged few.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管近年来美国人的平均预期寿命一直没有增长，但三分之一拥有学士学位的人的预期寿命却在继续延长，还解释了受教育和寿命之间存在的联系。
1．Although/Though/While 考查状语从句。句意：尽管研究人员早就知道富人比穷人寿命长，但这种教育差距的文献却很少。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”时应用although，though或while。位于句首单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
2．expected 考查形容词。句意：而且尽管近年来美国人的平均预期寿命一直没有增长，但三分之一拥有学士学位的人的预期寿命却在继续延长。结合句意可知，此处用表示“预期的”形容词expected，作定语修饰名词词组“life span”。故填expected。
3．has continued 考查动词的时态。句意：同上题。根据上文“in recent years”可知，此处用现在完成时，主语that 不可数，助动词用has。故填has continued。
4．healthier 考查比较级。句意：一些人认为，受过良好教育的人会养成更健康的生活方式：每多学习一年，吸烟和超重的概率就会降低。结合句意可知，此处用表示“更健康的”用形容词比较级healthier。故填healthier。
5．is associated 考查主谓一致。句意：受教育程度越高，收入越高，这反过来又与更健康有关。此处表示“与……有关”短语为be associated with。which指代上文整个句子，看作单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is associated。
6．the 考查冠词。句意：普林斯顿大学的凯斯和迪顿认为，劳动力市场的变化，包括自动化的兴起、对高学历工人的需求增加，以及雇主提供的医疗成本上升，抑制了为无学位人士提供的高薪工作的供应。此处表示“……的兴起”，短语为the rise of。故填the。
7．highly 考查副词。句意：同上题。修饰形容词educated应用副词highly，作状语。故填highly。
8．for 考查介词。句意：同第6题。空格后跟代词those作宾语，表示“为了”应用介词for。故填for。
9．deaths 考查名词的数。句意：这可能是酗酒和吸毒以及其他因绝望而死亡的原因。death在此处为可数名词，由other修饰，应用其复数形式。故填deaths。
10．to start 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让美国人的总体寿命再次开始攀升，所有社会群体都需要改善，而不仅仅是少数特权阶层。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中是非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to start。UNIT 10 Period Five
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．He tried to run away from the police and was charged with ________ arrest.
A．appealing B．forbidding
C．hating D．resisting
2．The baby was born with many birth problems in her body, with some of her organs, ________ and muscles out of shape.
A．arms B．stomachs
C．shoulders D．bones
3．She ________ through the crowd and found a seat at the front.
A．dived B．fled
C．squeezed D．stomped
【答案】1-3 DDC
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．This is a ________ (fair) useful tool.
2．She speaks English quite ________ (good).
3．It is raining ________ (hard) outside. You’d better take an umbrella.
4．They speak less ________ (fluent) but more ________ (correct) than we do.
5．She writes more ________ (careful) than I do.
6．How ________ (happy) the girls are playing!
【答案】1．fairly 2．well 3．hard 4．fluently; correctly 5．carefully 6．happily
Ⅲ．课文原句填空
1．On 21st September, the first Community Street Festival in our city ____________ (hold) on Redwood Street.
2．The weather was good, although it rained ________ (heavy) in the morning.
3．The festival was ________ (high) successful, ________ (attract) over 10，000 people from over 20 communities.
4．The acts ________ (appeal) to children were ________ (particular) popular.
5．There were also many outlets ________ (serve) food and drink.
【答案】1．was held 2．heavily 3．highly; attracting
4．appealing; particularly 5．serving
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．Ski sport tourism as a huge industry, it is popular among the general public __________________ .
滑雪体育旅游作为巨大的产业，受到了大众的青睐。
2．Never before have students had such ________________________ resources to help them in their studies.
学生从来没有过这么多各种各样的资源来帮助他们学习。
3．We are glad to say that people have realized the danger of pollution and __________ ________ them are working hard to get rid of it.
我们庆幸地说，人们已经认识到污染的真正危害性并且有很多人正在为解决这个问题而努力。
4．With the plan carried out in our city，we can better ________________ people to reduce pollution.
随着我们城市这一计划的实施，我们能够更好地呼吁人们降低污染。
5．At present ________
of Middle East area is about 1，040, thus predicting this area will order new aircraft, 34% of which will be used in replacing old planes.
目前中东地区机群约为1 040架，所以预计该区订购34%的新飞机将用于替换旧飞机。
【答案】1．of all ages 2．a wide variety of
3．a large number of 4．appeal to
5．a group of planes
提升练
(建议用时：30分钟)
Ⅰ．语法填空
There are plenty of benefits to having an older brother. However, a new study finds an interesting disadvantage: with an older brother 1.________ (come) the poor language development of his younger siblings (兄弟姐妹).
The study is based upon some research which shows that having older siblings 2.______ (link) with poor language development. Now researchers have reached a more specific conclusion: only children with an older brother exhibit these language 3.________ (difficult).
Researchers studied more than 1，000 children from birth to the age of five-and-a-half years old. Each child’s language skills were tested at ages 2, 3, and5.5, using tests specially 4.________ (design) to measure numerous aspects of language development. 5.________ they discovered was significant: compared with children having an older sister, those with an older brother had, 6.________ average, a two-month delay in their language development.
As for explaining this phenomenon, researchers have put 7.________ two assumptions. 8.________ is that older sisters tend to talk more often than older brothers; the other is that older sisters usually compete with their siblings 9.________ (little) than older brothers for their parents’ attention.
Today, the whole picture of this phenomenon still remains 10．________ (explore).
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要讲了一项新的研究发现：哥哥会影响弟弟妹妹的语言发展。
1．comes 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，一项新的研究发现了一个有趣的缺点： 如果有一个哥哥，他的弟弟妹妹的语言发展就会很差。分析句子结构可知，介词短语放在句首，句子要用倒装，真正的主语是 “the poor language development of…”，是一个单数主语。结合上下文可知，时态用一般现在时；根据主谓一致的原则可知，谓语动词用单数。故填comes。
2．is linked 考查被动语态。句意：这项研究基于一些研究，这些研究表明，有年长的兄弟姐妹与语言发展不良有关。分析句子结构可知，空格处填谓语，主语“having older siblings”与动词link之间是被动关系。结合语境和主谓一致的原则可知，此处为一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数形式。故填is linked。
3．difficulties 考查名词。句意：现在研究人员得出了一个更具体的结论： 只有那些有哥哥的孩子表现出这些语言障碍。空格前有指示代词these，由此可知，空格处要填名词复数。故填difficulties。
4．designed 考查非谓语动词。句意：每个孩子的语言能力分别在2岁、3岁和5.5岁时进行测试，使用专门设计的测试来衡量语言发展的许多方面。分析“using tests specially 4.________ (design)to measure numerous aspects of language development”这一部分的结构可知，“specially 4.________ (design)”是tests的后置定语，名词tests 与动词design之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填designed。
5．What 考查主语从句。句意：他们所发现的意义重大……分析句子结构可知，was之前是主语部分，主语部分是一个缺少宾语的主语从句，缺少的宾语指物。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填What。
6．on 考查介词短语。句意：……那些有哥哥的孩子，他们的语言发展平均会延迟两个月。average一般与介词on连用，构成固定短语on average，意为“平均”。故填on。
7．forward/forth/up 考查副词。句意：……研究人员提出了两个假设。put为动词，考虑填副词，结合语境可知，此处要表达“提出”这一含义，put与副词forward/forth/up连用均有“提出”的意思。故填forward/forth/up。
8．One 考查不定代词。句意：一是姐姐比哥哥说话更频繁。根据下文“the other…”可知，此处考查固定短语one… the other… “一个……，另一个……(一方面……另一方面……)”。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填One。
9．less 考查副词比较级。句意：另一个原因是姐姐们通常不像哥哥们那样与兄弟姐妹争夺父母的注意力。根据空后的than可知，此处要填副词比较级。故填less。
10．to be explored 考查非谓语动词。句意：直到今天，这种现象的全貌仍有待探索。remains为谓语，则空格处填非谓语动词，表示去做将要做的事用to do不定式；this phenomenon与动词explore是逻辑上的被动关系，此处要用to do的被动形式to be done。故填to be explored。
Ⅱ．阅读理解
Businesses are finding more uses for Virtual Reality(VR) as the technology develops.
VR is no longer only for gaming or enjoyment. An American company is using VR to improve one’s health by making exercise more fun.
The company has offices in Austin, the capital of Texas. It showed its workout machine, called the Infinity treadmill(跑步机) at the recent South by Southwest festival. A person using the treadmill wears a virtual reality headset when exercising. Before starting, the user is connected to a belt to prevent falls. Then, the user plays a VR game while running on the machine. The game can transport the user into the virtual world, where he or she can be racing against virtual people.
The cost of the hardware and computer software program is $12，000．That is a lot of money for most people. But Kyra Constam of the company says the virtual reality treadmill is ideal for places where people go to exercise, like high-end gyms or recreation centers.
Recently, Leonardo Mattiazzi tested the Infinity treadmill. He thought the experience was surprisingly realistic. Mattiazzi said he had a strong feeling to actually get running and do something that pushed his limits. He said the experience was more interesting than running inside the gym without actually going anywhere.
Lots of VR experiences cause motion sickness because people are in motion during the game, but not moving in real life. But when the user is moving on the treadmill and in the game, the chances of motion sickness are reduced, Constam said.
After carefully studying the users’ experiences, the company plans to begin selling the Infinity treadmill to the public.
1．After running on the Infinity treadmill, what are users most likely to do
A．Make more new friends.
B．Gain more useful skills.
C．Be more fond of exercising.
D．Find the games more enjoyable.
2．What do we know about the Infinity treadmill
A．Users can not run on it.
B．It is too expensive for most people.
C．Users can race against their friends.
D．It can be bought in high-end gyms.
3．How did Leonardo Mattiazzi find the Infinity treadmill
A．He was content with it.
B．He was a bit disappointed with it.
C．He fell in love with it almost at once.
D．He thought it realistic to sell it to the public.
4．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To promote a new product.
B．To call on people to take more exercise.
C．To introduce a new application of virtual reality.
D．To discuss the relationship between life and modern technology.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章指出虚拟现实技术不再仅限于游戏或娱乐。一家美国公司通过虚拟现实技术锻炼更加有趣来吸引人们锻炼身体、改善健康状况。
1．C 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“An American companyis using VR to improve one’s health by making exercise more fun(一家美国公司正在使用虚拟现实技术，通过让锻炼更有趣来改善健康). ”可知，这款名为Infinity的跑步机会让运动更加有趣。由此推断，使用了这款跑步机后，用户可能会爱上运动。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一、二句“The cost of the hardware and computer software program is $12，000．That is a lot of money for most people(硬件和计算机软件程序的费用是12000美元。这对大多数人来说是一大笔钱). ”可知，这些硬件和软件成本为1.2万美元，这对大多数人来说都太贵。故选B项。
3．A 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“He said the experience was more interesting than running inside the gym without actually going anywhere(他说，这种体验比在健身房里跑步而不真正跑去任何地方更有趣). ”可以看出，Leonardo Mattiazzi对这款名为Infinity的跑步机非常满意，即A项中的“be content with it”。故选A项。
4．C 推理判断题。根据文章首段的主题句“Businesses are finding more uses for Virtual Reality (VR) as the technology develops. ”和第二段的第二句“An American company is using VR to improve one’s health by making exercise more fun. ”可知，本文主要讲述的利用虚拟现实技术开发出新的跑步机，让用户爱上运动。因此，本文写作目的是介绍虚拟现实技术的新应用。故选C项。
Ⅲ．书面表达
假定你是李华，上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动，主题为“劳动创造美好生活(Work Creates A Better Life)”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道。
内容包括：
1．活动主题；
2．展示内容(烹饪、急救等)；
3．活动反响。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．标题已给出，不计入总词数。
The First Online Life Skills Show
________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
The First Online Life Skills Show
Last week, our school held the First Online Life Skills Show, whose theme “Work Creates A Better Life” is stressed.
In this activity, our students showed their skills of cooking, sewing, giving first aid, etc. It was a good opportunity for them to show their talents and skills. The winners received admiration from audience; the participants felt proud of their demonstrations. And more people showed interest in the daily life skills. It was a great success. We are looking forward to the next show.UNIT 10 Period Six
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．He was ashamed to be asked for ________ , when it was not a matter of that.
A．sadness B．appreciation
C．forgiveness D．sorrow
2．Hundreds of people ________ to watch the football match.
A．interrupted B．aided
C．flocked D．guarded
3．The clerk to the court will reject any document that does not meet the ________ requirements.
A．legal B．particular
C．meaningful D．present
4．This certificate is an important ________ , and should be kept securely.
A．document B．stuff
C．belongings D．treasure
【答案】1-4 CCAA
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．If you ________ (恳请) to someone to do something, you make a serious and urgent request to them.
2．They said that the decision was made more in ________ (悲伤) than in anger.
3．An e__________ is a man who rules an empire or is the head of state in an empire.
4．He begged ________ (宽恕) for what he had done.
5．Please continue — I didn’t mean to ________ (打断).
【答案】1．appeal 2．sorrow 3．emperor 4．forgiveness 5．interrupt
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．She gave him a soft ________ (appeal) look that would have melted solid ice.
2．Wayne must be ________ (sorrow) in his heart when he failed to hit the balls.
3．Don’t you want to go back to him, Heidi, and ask his ________ (forgive)
4．People kept nosing around the place, ________ (interrupt) my work.
5．Attorneys are ethically and ________ (legal) bound to absolute confidentiality.
【答案】1．appealing 2．sorrowful 3．forgiveness 4．interrupting 5．legally
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．He thinks it’s clever to ________________ other people.
他觉得拿别人开玩笑显得聪明。
2．If at all possible, have a little additional support to ______________________ them.
假如可能的话，派一些其他支援来确保控制住它们。
3．Emma, I trust your opinion ____________ .
埃玛，我非常相信你的观点。
4．He was studying hard ________________ being admitted to an engineering college.
他在努力学习，希望能被某个工学院录取。
5．We’ve asked our neighbours to help _________________ the house for us while we are away.
我们已请邻居在我们离开时帮忙照看一下房子。
【答案】1．make fun of 2．keep control over
3．a great deal 4．in the hope of 5．keep an eye on
提升练
(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ．七选五
Why Are Plane Seats Always Blue
Planes are an engineering masterpiece. Since they were invented，they have made the world a better place. Like never before，we can travel to almost every corner of the world within hours.
__1__ The only time they land is when they need to get passengers on board or go through regular checks. This means the crew doesn’t have much time to clean up the plane.
__2__ Airlines are likely to go with dark blue fabric(布料) — it’s much more of a bother to clear up a red wine spill on white fabric than on blue.
Blue is also a colour that can make passengers less anxious. If you are an 18-year-old teenager，you are probably not afraid of flying. But the aviation(航空) industry isn’t that old. __3__ In fact，even today in the 21st century，5% of the world’s population has ever flown on an airplane, which is extremely low. But that also means, most people are afraid of flying. Some statistics show that around 80 percent of people are scared to fly. __4__ Compared to other means of transport such as cars, it’s a much safer option.
Anyway，people are afraid of heights. That’s why planes are purposefully designed in such a way to make you feel safe. For example，the colour red is associated with objects to remind people of danger or to warn people that they need to stop. Green is used to make people aware of the presence of an emergency exit. __5__
A．The airline business is expensive.
B．Unlike cars，planes are made to fly all the time.
C．Many airlines redesign or change their seats often.
D．Of course, it doesn’t make sense to be afraid of boarding a plane.
E．As recent as the 2000s，not many people had the opportunity to fly.
F．That’s why the seats must be designed in a way to look clean all the time.
G．But blue is a calm colour associated with the positive qualities of trust and peace.
【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飞机上的座位都是蓝色的原因：蓝色容易清理，而且蓝色也更加容易让人不那么焦虑。
1．B 根据下文中的“The only time they land is when they need to get passengers on board or go through regular checks(它们唯一降落的时间是它们需要让乘客登机或进行常规检查的时候). ”可知，飞机大部分时间都是在飞行。B项“Unlike cars, planes are made to fly all the time. ”与下文一致。故选B项。
2．F 根据上文中的“This means the crew doesn’t have much time to clean up the plane(这意味着机组人员没有太多时间清理飞机). ”可知，机组人员没有很多时间用在清理飞机上。由下文“Airlines are likely to go with dark blue fabric(布料) — it’s much more of a bother to clear up a red wine spill on white fabric than on blue(航空公司可能会选择深蓝色的布料——清理白色布料上的红酒比清理蓝色布料上的红酒要麻烦得多). ”可知，航空公司希望飞机上看起来不那么脏。F项“That’s why the seats must be designed in a way to look clean all the time. ”承上启下，符合题意。故选F项。
3．E 根据下文中的“In fact, even today in the 21st century, 5% of the world’s population has ever flown on an airplane, which is extremely low(事实上，即使在21世纪的今天，世界上也只有5%的人曾经乘坐过飞机，这是非常低的). ”可知，坐飞机的人数并不是很多。E项“As recent as the 2000s, not many people had the opportunity to fly(直到21世纪，没有多少人有机会坐飞机). ”与下文一致。故选E项。
4．D 根据上文中的“Some statistics show that around 80 percent of people are scared to fly. ”可知，有很多害怕坐飞机；根据下文“Compared to other means of transport such as cars, it’s a much safer option(与汽车等其他交通工具相比，这是一个更安全的选择). ”可知，其实飞机还是比较安全的出行方式。由此可以判断，害怕坐飞机是没有必要的。D项“Of course, it doesn’t make sense to be afraid of boarding a plane. ”承上启下，符合题意。故选D项。
5．G 根据上文中的“For example, the colour red is associated with objects to remind people of danger or to warn people that they need to stop. Green is used to make people aware of the presence of an emergency exit(例如，红色与提醒人们危险或警告人们需要停下来的物体联系在一起。绿色是用来让人们意识到紧急出口的存在). ”可知，上文是说不同的颜色给人不同的感觉。G项“But blue is a calm color associated with the positive qualities of trust and peace(而蓝色是一种平静的颜色，与信任、和平等积极的品质联系在一起). ”讲的是蓝色给人的感觉，与上文一致。故选G项。
Ⅱ．阅读理解
One of the most powerful social desires expressed by teenagers is to be thought of as cool and popular by their peers(同龄人)，which is quite natural.
Often, the terms “cool” and “popular” get used interchangeably as if they were just different labels for the same perception. On closer examination，however，it becomes clear that they are quite different and have a fairly complicated relationship with each other.
Let’s start by examining what popularity is all about. At first glance，popularity is easy to define and recognize: A popular person is an individual who is well-known，well-liked，and admired by others. However，the sources of the social power possessed by popular people can be quite different. Specifically，sociometric popularity (SP) primarily reflects “like ability” and it is linked with qualities such as being kind and trustworthy. However，peer-perceived popularity (PP) is based upon a judgment of how popular others think that person is among his or her peers. It reflects what we might call “status” and is often related with less desirable qualities such as being dominant, aggressive, or “stuck-up”.
So，popularity is a more complicated concept than it may seem. As complicated as popularity is, coolness is even more so.
Coolness is a broader category than popularity. One can be cool by having cool stuff，by doing cool stuff，or by just plain “being cool”. It is a combination of self presentation，fashion，and attitude. It’s push back against norms and authority that may label itself as not caring about traditional routes to success such as academic achievement and being “too cool for school”.
Hence，coolness and popularity represent two completely independent terms. The pursuit of being cool and popular will probably always be part of the human experience，especially among young people. In and of itself，this is neither good nor bad. But it may be useful to be aware of the differences in these qualities and be clear about exactly what it is that we are pursuing.
1．What is a common understanding of coolness and popularity
A．They contradict each other
B．They share a complex connection.
C．They are simply the same concept.
D．They can only be owned by the young.
2．Why does the author mention SP and PP in Paragraph 3
A．To make a proposal. B．To illustrate a concept.
C．To classify popularity. D．To list typical qualities.
3．Which can be regarded as being cool
A．Following suit. B．Prioritizing others.
C．Observing traditions. D．Challenging authority.
4．What does the author think of the pursuit of coolness and popularity
A．It’s unblamable. B．It’s rewarding.
C．It’s undesirable. D．It’s shameful.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了青少年所认为的两个概念“酷”和“受欢迎”是不是统一感知的不同标签。文章认为这两个概念是完全不同的术语，应该加以区分。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Often, the terms ’cool’ and ’popular’ get used interchangeably as if they were just different labels for the same perception(通常情况下，’酷’和’流行’这两个词是可以互换使用的，就好像它们只是同一种感知的不同标签). ”可知，一般情况下，人们认为这两个词可以互换，也就是人们认为这是一个概念。故选C项。
2．B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, the sources of the social power possessed by popular people can be quite different. Specifically, sociometric popularity (SP) primarily reflects ’like ability’ and it is linked with qualities such as being kind and trustworthy. However, peer-perceived popularity (PP) is based upon a judgment of how popular others think that person is among his or her peers[然而，受欢迎的人所拥有的社会权力的来源可能是完全不同的。具体来说，社交人气(SP)主要反映了 ’喜欢能力’，它与善良和值得信任等品质有关。然而，同伴感知的受欢迎程度(PP)是基于别人认为这个人在他或她的同伴中受欢迎程度的判断]. ”可推断，作者提到SP和PP是为了阐述自己的理念。故选B项。
3．D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It’s push back against norms and authority that may label itself as not caring about traditional routes to success such as academic achievement and being ’too cool for school’(这是对规范和权威的反击，这样会标榜自己不关心学术成就等传统的成功途径，以及 ’自以为很酷’). ”可知，对权威的挑战被认为是很酷的。故选D项。
4．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The pursuit of being cool and popular will probably always be part of the human experience, especially among young people(追求酷和流行可能永远是人类经历的一部分，尤其是在年轻人中). ”可推断，作者认为追求酷和流行是无可厚非的。A项“It’s unblamable(这是无可厚非的). ”；B项“It’s rewarding(这是值得的). ”；C项“It’s undesirable(这是不受欢迎的). ”；D项“It’s shameful(这是可耻的). ”。故选A项。UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
A
Where to Eat in Bangkok
(2023年全国甲卷)Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary(烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issaya Siamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo. lan
Bo. lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009．Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots，yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, there’s a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list，progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-storey colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theatre at its best.
1．What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common
A．They adopt modern cooking methods.
B．They have branches in London.
C．They have top-class chefs.
D．They are based in hotels.
2．Which restaurant offers a large set menu
A．Gaggan. B．Bo. lan.
C．Issaya Siamese Club. D．Nahm.
3．What is special about Gaggan
A．It hires staff from India.
B．It puts on a play every day.
C．It serves hard-to-find local dishes.
D．It shows the cooking process to guests.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。
1．C 细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的“Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010(主厨David Thompson在伦敦的同名泰国餐厅获得了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这家分店). ”以及小标题Issays Stamese Club下的“Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant(Issaya Siamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师Ian Kittichai的第一家曼谷旗舰餐厅). ”可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据小标题Bo. lan下的“For those extremely hungry, there’s a large set menu(对于那些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐). ”可知，Bo. lan提供大型套餐。故选B项。
3．D 细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的“The best table in this two-storey colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action(在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作). ”可知，Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选D项。
B
When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes which should come first — changing your diet or becoming more physically active
Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals.
So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were age 45 or older into four groups. One group was instructed about making diet and fitness changes at the same time, the second group was taught about diet changes first, then fitness changes four months later, the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later, and the final, control group was not instructed about either diet or fitness changes but about how to manage their stress.
The researchers tracked the groups for a full pared to the control group, the three intervention(干预) groups made healthy changes in their diet. Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months. However, at the end of the year, the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both exercise and nutrition levels, while those who worked on improving their nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after a year. The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity.
However, the findings show that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives. If folks change diet and exercise orderly, the scientists say, they may end up placing more importance on the first set of behaviour changes and feel less pressured to address the second set.
4．The advice mentioned in the second paragraph seemed ______ .
A．popular B．dangerous
C．scientific D．unsatisfactory
5．Which group made progress earlier than other groups in increasing the amount of daily exercise
A．The first group. B．The second group.
C．The third group. D．The control group.
6．The reason why those improving their nutrition first failed to meet the levels of fitness after a year might be that ______ .
A．they might be very lazy
B．they wouldn’t like to change their behaviour
C．it is much harder to change physical activity
D．they might put on weight before changing their physical activity
7．Which of the following does the author probably approve of
A．Pairing diet and exercise changes.
B．Becoming more physically active first.
C．Changing diet and exercise following a fixed order.
D．Changing diet first and placing more importance on it.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。要想健康生活，是先节食还是先运动呢？研究发现，两者同时进行最好。
4．D 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals (以前的研究表明，同时向人们提供太多关于营养和体育活动的信息往往会令人沮丧。这导致了建议人们逐渐做出改变并设定小目标的流行). ”可知，这些建议都有弊端，所以不能令人满意。故选D项。
5．C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months (与其他组相比，那些改变了健身习惯的人首先在四个月后每天的运动量明显增加). ”可知，这部分人在运动方面最先取得进步。又根据第三段可知，这部分人对应的是第三组。故选C项。
6．C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity (研究人员怀疑改变饮食比改变体能活动更容易). ”可知，一开始先进行节食训练的小组一年后在运动方面还不达标，可能的原因是，运动比节食改变起来更费劲。。故选C项。
7．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “…that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives (将饮食和锻炼相结合可能有助于克服人们在生活中增加体育活动时所面临的一些障碍). ”可知，作者可能赞成改变饮食和锻炼的搭配。故选A项。
C
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)On March 7，1907，the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate，and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together，they cancel each other out，resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons，people’s errors become correlated or dependent，the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist(转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time，but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently，the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow，these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain，the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
8．What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A．The methods of estimation.
B．The underlying logic of the effect.
C．The causes of people’s errors.
D．The design of Galton’s experiment.
9．Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______ .
A．the crowds were relatively small
B．there were occasional underestimates
C．individuals did not communicate
D．estimates were not fully independent
10．What did the follow-up study focus on
A．The size of the groups. B．The dominant members.
C．The discussion process. D．The individual estimates.
11．What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies
A．Unclear. B．Dismissive.
C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章介绍了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。
8．B 段落大意题。根据第二段“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down (这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降). ”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B项。
9．D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent(从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的). ”和第三段中的“The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals(这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确). ”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的。说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D项。
10．C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds(在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗)？”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题可知，后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C项。
11．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous(尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的). ”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。由此推断，作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D项。
D
(2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading，we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books”， artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed(描绘) alone in many settings and poses — absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to .
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect(才智)，wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
12．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．An introduction to a book. B．An essay on the art of writing.
C．A guidebook to a museum. D．A review of modern paintings.
13．What are the selected artworks about
A．Wealth and intellect. B．Home and school.
C．Books and reading. D．Work and leisure.
14．What do the underlined words “relate to” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Understand. B．Paint.
C．Seize. D．Transform.
15．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader
A．The printed book is not totally out of date.
B．Technology has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D．People now rarely have the patience to read.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers这本书主要说明了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
12．A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In this ’book of books’， artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures(在这本 ’书之书’中，艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系). ”以及第三段中的“Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect(才智), wealth or faith of the subject (书籍本身可以在绘画中象征性地用来展示智慧，主体的财富或信仰). ”和最后一段中的“From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader(从21世纪的角度来看，这本印刷书无疑是古老的，但它仍然像任何电子阅读器一样具有互动性). ”可推知，本文最有可能出自一本印刷书的扉页，即对该书的介绍。故选A项。
13．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“…artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations(艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点). ”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C项。
14．A 词义猜测题。根据画线词语前的“…artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations(艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点). ”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments (这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻). ”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带。故与画线词语“relate to”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A项。
15．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader(它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”以及“a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, ’off-line’ activity(印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的“离线”活动的机会)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
Personal Forgiveness
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step，but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错) is human. __16__ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper，put the heading “Personal strengths”. __17__ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page，put the heading “Acts of kindness”. On this one，list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. __18__
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. __19__ That way，you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is，it’s true. __20__ We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A．A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D．It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E．It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。作者鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
16．D 根据空前的“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错) is human(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过). ”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点). ”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空格处应该和“不要太自责”相似。D项“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. ”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D项。
17．B 根据空前的“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading ’Personal strengths’(在日记或纸上写上’个人优点’). ”以及空后的“Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行). ”可知，空格处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。B项“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. ”符合语境，下文具体解释哪些是优点。故选B项。
18．F 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading ’Acts of kindness’. On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day(在第二页的顶部，写上 ’善举’的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候). ”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。F项“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. ”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F项。
19．C 根据空后的“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through(那样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面). ”可知，空格处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。C项“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. ”符合语境；C项中的“They”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容). ”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致；同时C项和下文中的“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法). ”中的“this”一致。故选C项。
20．G 根据空前的“It’s something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true (大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的). ”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。G项“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境；G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后的“We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式). ”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷)In April last year，I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight __21__ . They could not afford to pay for __22__ for their dog, Tiffy, and __23__ wanted to take her with them.
It just __24__ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen，who __25__ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to __26__ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners，they seemed very __27__ . George，the husband，was trying to be calm，but I could tell this was __28__ for him，having to leave his dog to a __29__ and trust that everything would __30__ .
After some goodbyes，I asked George and his wife to help me __31__ Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and __32__ them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was __33__ ，and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day，she __34__ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so __35__ and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
21．A．turn B．budget
C．schedule D．connection
22．A．food B．shelter
C．medicine D．transportation
23．A．desperately B．temporarily
C．secretly D．originally
24．A．appeared B．proved
C．happened D．showed
25．A．waited B．offered
C．hurried D．failed
26．A．see off B．look for
C．hand over D．pick up
27．A．confused B．nervous
C．annoyed D．curious
28．A．hard B．fine
C．common D．lucky
29．A．coworker B．passenger
C．stranger D．neighbour
30．A．speed up B．work out
C．come back D．take off
31．A．feed B．follow
C．change D．load
32．A．call B．join
C．leave D．serve
33．A．unnecessary B．unexpected
C．unavoidable D．uneventful
34．A．returned B．fought
C．flew D．agreed
35．A．thankful B．generous
C．proud D．sympathetic
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
21．B 考查名词。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A．turn转折点；B．budget预算；C．schedule时间表；D．connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for __22__ for their dog, Tiffy…”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B项。
22．D 考查名词。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A．food食物；B．shelter庇护；C．medicine药；D．transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight __21__ . ”及下文内容可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D项。
23．A 考查副词。句意：同上题。A．desperately非常、拼命地；B．temporarily暂时地；C．secretly秘密地；D．originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A项。
24．C 考查动词。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行。她主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A．appeared出现；B．proved证明；C．happened碰巧；D．showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C项。
25．B 考查动词。句意：同上题。A．waited等待；B．offered提供、主动提出；C．hurried匆忙；D．failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B项。
26．D 考查动词短语。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A．see off为……送行；B．look for寻找；C．hand over移交；D．pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D项。
27．B 考查形容词。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A．confused困惑的；B．nervous紧张的；C．annoyed恼怒的；D．curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __28__ for him, having to leave his dog to a __29__ and trust that everything would __30__ . ”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B项。
28．A 考查形容词。句意：丈夫George试图冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A．hard困难的；B．fine好的；C．common常见的；D．lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“…having to leave his dog to a __29__ and trust that everything would __30__ . ”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A项。
29．C 考查名词。句意：同上题。A．coworker合作者；B．passenger乘客；C．stranger陌生人；D．neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __28__ for him…”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C项。
30．B 考查动词短语。句意：同第28题。A．speed up加速；B．work out解决；C．come back回来；D．take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __28__ for him…”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B项。
31．D 考查动词。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A．feed喂养；B．follow跟随；C．change改变；D．load装载。load into表示“装入”。根据空格处后面的“…Tiffy into the plane. ”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D项。
32．A 考查动词。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A．call打电话；B．join加入；C．leave离开；D．serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A项。
33．D 考查形容词。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A．unnecessary没有必要的；B．unexpected意想不到的；C．unavoidable不可避免的；D．uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D项。
34．C 考查动词。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚的George那里。 A．returned返回；B．fought打仗；C．flew飞；D．agreed同意。根据“It just __24__ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who __25__ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. ”可知，Karen愿意带Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚。故选C项。
35．A 考查形容词。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很不错的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A．thankful感激的；B．generous慷慨的；C．proud骄傲的；D．sympathetic同情的。通读全文，尤其是根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
Mochi(年糕) is a traditional food popular in Chinese and Japanese cooking, made from 36．________ (special) treated rice. It is often presented in the form of a round cake, and is traditionally exchanged at the New Year.
Mochi is made by 37．________ (put) sticky rice into water overnight, cooking it and pounding it into a sticky paste. The paste is made into shapes ranging from simple to complex rounds, some of 38．________ are stuffed with sweet fillings. Mochi is often decorated with 39．________ (flower) or fruits, especially when it is exchanged as 40．________ gift at celebrations like birthdays and the New Year.
Traditionally, wooden mortars(臼) and pestles(杵) 41．________ (use) to pound mochi rice. Fresh mochi is usually cooked and served warm 42．________ a variety of sauces. Steaming and boiling are both popular preparations in Japan, along with cooking. Fresh mochi is soft but it 43．________ (hard) quickly. Prepacked mochi blocks, flattened and cut into square pieces or shaped into rounds, are available at grocery stores. Mochi can go bad easily, so it’s 44．________ (good) to cook soon than to keep it in your fridge.
Hard mochi pieces can be cooked, deep-fried, boiled, and more. Cooked mochi is very sticky, so be careful not 45．________ (choke) on it.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在我国和日本受欢迎的传统食物——年糕。
36．specially 考查副词。句意：年糕是一种在我国和日本很流行的传统食物，由经过特殊处理的大米制成。此处要用副词修饰形容词treated。故填specially。
37．putting 考查非谓语动词。句意：年糕是将糯米放入水中过夜。by是介词，意为“通过”，后接动词的ing形式。故填putting。
38．which 考查定语从句。句意：这种糊状物的形状从简单的圆形到复杂的圆形，有些是甜馅的。此处是定语从句，指代上文的paste，在从句中作介词宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。
39．flowers 考查名词的数。句意：年糕通常用鲜花或水果装饰。根据“or fruits”可知，此处用复数名词。故填flowers。
40．a 考查冠词。句意：……中尤其是在生日和新年等庆祝活动中作为礼物交换时。根据“as 40．______ gift”可知，gift意为“礼物”，可数名词，且发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
41．are used 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：传统上，木臼和杵是用来捣糯米的。主语是“wooden mortars(臼) and pestles(杵)”，谓语动词用复数形式，又因为主语与动词use是被动关系，且时态是一般现在时，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are used。
42．with 考查介词。句意：新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的，并与各种酱料一起热着吃。介词with表示“与……一起”。故填with。
43．hardens 考查词型转换及动词时态。句意：新鲜的年糕很软，但会很快变硬。主语是it，是第三人称单数，指“Fresh mochi”，时态是一般现在时。故填hardens。
44．better 考查形容词比较级。句意：年糕很容易变坏，所以与其把它存放在冰箱里，不如现煮现吃。根据than可知，此处应用比较级，又因为跟在系动词后，应填形容词。故填better。
45．to choke 考查非谓语动词。句意：煮熟的年糕很黏，所以要小心别噎着了。be careful to do sth. 意为“小心做某事”，是固定搭配，此处用动词不定式。故填to choke。
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷)假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语。你认为这样分组存在问题，请你给外教写一封邮件。内容包括：
1．说明问题；
2．提出建议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ryan，
I’m Li Hua from Class30. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Ryan，
I’m Li Hua from Class3． I think it’s not a good idea to pair up students randomly for the spoken English training after class. The reasons are as follows.
To begin with, pairing up students randomly may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups. This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don’t get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. This way, everyone can feel more comfortable practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)When I was in middle school，my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil，so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play，where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So，why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this. ” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith(银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18，1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea，but funny，and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night Did he get tired Have doubts Did he want to quit I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But，like Revere’s horse，I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher，he read it，laughed out loud，and said，“Great. Now，write it again. ” I wrote it again，and again and again. When I finally finished it，the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
A few weeks later，when I almost forgot the contest，there came the news. ________________ ____________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew you’d win! I am proud of you. You made it！” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much！”
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. ________________________ ____________________________________________________________
One possible version：
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing. ” “You know I didn’t like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works. ” I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.
