UNIT 12 Period One
基础练
(建议用时：8分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．If you can afford it, buy some ________ devices, like a washing machine.
A．labour-saving B．productive
C．time-consuming D．general
2．The company has successfully ________ new products and services.
A．corresponded B．innovated
C．entertained D．reduced
3．We are responsible for the care and ________ of all our patients.
A．well-being B．richness
C．hardship D．poverty
4．A child’s ________ develops rapidly between the ages of four and five.
A．intelligence B．innovation
C．adaption D．invention
【答案】1-4 ABAA
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．Singing can create a sense of ________ (幸福).
2．The newscast usually covers topical events and ________ (娱乐节目).
3．We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage i__________ .
4．This morning a bomb in a ________ (垃圾) bag exploded and injured 15 people.
5．He was hopeful that the next round of talks would also be ________ (富有成效的).
【答案】1．well-being 2．entertainments 3．innovation 4．garbage 5．productive
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．As a youth he discovered a ________ (gifted) for teaching.
2．They should put warning labels on those nasty little ________ (device).
3．They ____________ (entertain) by top singers, dancers and celebrities.
4．He was one of the most creative and ______ (innovation) engineers of his generation.
【答案】1．gift 2．devices 3．were entertained 4．innovative
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．Version 1 of the process ______________ production.
流程的第 1版投入生产运行。
2．The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to ________________ the change.
这个世界将会不同，所以我们必须准备好适应变化。
3．Repeat positive affirmations when you start to __________________ or in the midst of self doubt.
当你感到沮丧或对自己产生怀疑的时候，请反复地正面肯定自己。
4．__________________ your dreams and one day they may come true.
坚持你的梦想，总有一天它们会实现的。
【答案】1．is placed into 2．adapt to
3．feel down 4．Hold on to
提升练
(建议用时：25分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
China’s space program made great progress today when it successfully landed the Zhurong rover on Mars. After months in orbit around the red planet，the Tianwen-1 spacecraft released the Zhurong rover for a landing at the preselected landing site close to an ancient ocean shoreline on Utopia Planitia. Chinese scientists are now getting ready to roll the 529 pound rover off its landing platform for a three-month exploration. But the vehicle could work well beyond this goal and end up exploring Mars for years.
The Zhurong rover carries six scientific instruments. Two cameras will provide information about the Martian landscape，while a laser(激光) instrument will analyze the composition of the rocks and soil. A magnetometer(磁力计) will measure magnetic fields，and a climate station will study the atmosphere，temperature，pressure，wind，and sound on Mars. The most exciting instrument aboard the rover，however，is the underground searching radar，which will be used to search for small pockets of water or ice buried 33 feet below the surface. Such pockets of water or ice could prove extremely valuable for future crewed missions. Even more exciting，these pockets of water，sheltered from radiation，may contain simple life forms.
“Because the landing site is very close to an ancient ocean shoreline that was not explored by NASA’s Viking 2 lander in 1975，the data will uncover more secrets of Mars. ” says James Head，a scientist at Brown University. Tianwen-1 and Zhurong are of great significance for stimulating the scientific enthusiasm and the creativity of the whole world, strengthening our ability to explore the unknown and expanding the living space of humanity，Head adds.
Unlike NASA，China has already offered to share with the world the data from Tianwen-1 and Zhurong the same way it has done with data from its lunar exploration missions.
1．Which instrument is most likely to detect life forms on Mars
A．The radar. B．The magnetometer.
C．The cameras. D．The laser instrument.
2．What is James Head’s attitude to China’s Martian program
A．Skeptical. B．Uninterested.
C．Positive. D．Conservative.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．NASA is more generous in sharing data with the world.
B．Zhurong might meet NASA’s Viking 2 on Utopia Planitia.
C．China’s space programs will benefit scientists around the world.
D．Data from China’s lunar explorations are not available to foreign scientists.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述中国首次火星探测“祝融号”火星车已经安全到达火星表面。
1．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The most exciting instrument aboard the rover, however, is the underground searching radar, which will be used to search for small pockets of water or ice buried 33 feet below the surface. Such pockets of water or ice could prove extremely valuable for future crewed missions(火星车上最令人兴奋的仪器是地下搜索雷达，它将用于搜索埋在地表以下33英尺的小水区或冰区。这些水区或冰区对未来的载人任务极有价值。). ”可知，雷达可以最有可能监测到火星上的生命体。故选A项。
2．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Tianwen-1 and Zhurong are of great significance for stimulating the scientific enthusiasm and the creativity of the whole world, strengthening our ability to explore the unknown and expanding the living space of humanity, Head adds(Head补充道：’天问一号’和’祝融号’对激发全世界的科学热情和创造力，增强我们探索未知的能力，拓展人类的生存空间具有重要意义). ”可知，Head对中国的火星计划抱着积极的态度。故选C项。
3．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Unlike NASA, China has already offered to share with the world the data from Tianwen-1 and Zhurong the same way it has done with data from its lunar exploration missions(与美国宇航局不同的是，中国已经提出与世界分享’天问一号’和’祝融号’的数据，就像它与月球探测任务的数据一样). ”可知，中国的太空计划将使世界各地的科学家受益。故选C项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
I was in the middle of a sweet dream when a noise shocked me. Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on a __1__ nail. Bam! Bam! Bam! Who could be hammering at three in the morning It must be Charlie again, making another __2__ .
Just as I was putting on my slippers and bathrobe, the noise __3__ . I sat at the edge of my bed and listened. Tick! Tick! Tick! It __4__ me of my first wristwatch. Its __5__ tempo(节奏) had always helped me fall asleep.
I started __6__ dangerously leaning to the left，when the ticking stopped. It was now __7__ by a buzz，similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer，only __8__ . I shivered(颤抖) . I’m __9__ to bees! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me __10__ .
“I can’t __11__ anymore！” I shouted，now wide __12__ and marched to the next apartment. My neighbour didn’t open the door until I knocked the door a third time. His curly brown hair was __13__ every way. He wore red spotted pants and a loose strawberry shirt.
I pointed at my noiseless watch. “Do you know what time it is ”
He grabbed my arm and glanced at my timepiece. “Oh，my God! I didn’t realise it was that late. I’m busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠症). It’s almost finished. Do you want to see it？” I should have known. His last invention was supposed to remove bad __14__ but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity.
1．A．tiny B．loose
C．tough D．sharp
2．A．restlessness B．furniture
C．invention D．music
3．A．arose B．changed
C．disappeared D．grew
4．A．told B．dropped
C．reminded D．confirmed
5．A．cheerful B．loud
C．various D．regular
6．A．bouncing off B．falling down
C．sliding down D．nodding off
7．A．replaced B．interrupted
C．recorded D．emphasized
8．A．sweeter B．louder
C．happier D．deeper
9．A．allergic B．approachable
C．accustomed D．accessible
10．A．sleepy B．refreshed
C．dizzy D．infected
11．A．make it B．get it
C．catch it D．take it
12．A．open B．awake
C．angry D．energetic
13．A．falling out B．sticking up
C．blown dry D．tied back
14．A．noises B．nails
C．habits D．smells
15．A．sounded B．powered
C．released D．suspended
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在深夜睡觉做梦时突然被一声巨响惊醒，之后发现是邻居正在研制一种所谓的能治疗失眠的机器。通过本文，作者旨在讽刺邻居的发明，因为在这之前邻居曾发明了一种以臭鸡蛋为动力的除臭的机器。
1．C 考查形容词。句意：那声音听起来像是用锤子在敲一颗坚硬的钉子。A．tiny极小的；B．loose宽松的；C．tough坚硬的；D．sharp锋利的。根据上文“Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on…”可知，那个声音很大，像锤子在敲一颗坚硬的钉子。故选C项。
2．C 考查名词。句意：肯定又是查理在做另一项发明。A．restlessness坐立不安，不安定；B．furniture家具；C．invention发明；D．music音乐。根据最后一段的“His last invention was supposed to remove bad __14__ but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity. ”的提示可知，作者知道邻居爱发明，认为这是他又在做另一项发明。故选C项。
3．B 考查动词。句意：就在我穿上拖鞋和浴袍的时候，声音变了。A．arose出现；B．changed改变；C．disappeared消失；D．grew生长。根据下文“Tick! Tick! Tick！”以及上文“Bam! Bam！”可知，声音发生了变化。故选B项。
4．C 考查动词。句意：它让我想起了我的第一块手表。A．told告诉；B．dropped下降；C．reminded使想起；D．confirmed确认。根据下文“me of my first wristwatch”可知，那个声音让作者想起了自己的第一块手表。故选C项。
5．D 考查形容词。句意：它有规律的节奏总是能帮助我入睡。A．cheerful快乐的；B．loud大声的；C．various各种各样的；D．regular有规律的。根据上文“Tick! Tick! Tick！”以及空后“helped me fall asleep”可知，此处表示“它有规律的节奏总是能帮助我入睡”。故选D项。
6．D 考查动词短语。句意：当滴答声停止时，我开始打瞌睡，危险地向左倾斜。A．bouncing off反弹；B．falling down跌倒；C．sliding down滑下来；D．nodding off打瞌睡。根据上文“helped me fall asleep”可知，钟表有规律的节奏总是能帮助作者入睡；现在的声音就像表的声音，所以作者开始打瞌睡。故选D项。
7．A 考查动词。句意：现在它被嗡嗡声取代了，类似于仲夏蜂巢发出的声音，只是更响。A．replaced代替；B．interrupted打扰；C．recorded记录；D．emphasized强调。根据下文的“… by a buzz, similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer, only __8__ . I shivered (颤抖) . ”可知，声音被嗡嗡声取代了。故选A项。
8．B 考查形容词。句意：同上题。A．sweeter更甜的；B．louder更大声的；C．happier更高兴的；D．deeper更深的。根据上文的“similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer”可知，那个嗡嗡声类似于仲夏蜂巢发出的声音。既然作者能在自己家里听到，所以那个声音肯定比蜂巢发出的声音更大。故选B项。
9．A 考查形容词。句意：我对蜜蜂过敏！A．allergic过敏的；B．approachable亲切友善的；C．accustomed习惯的；D．accessible可使用的。根据上文“I shivered. ”以及下文“Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me __10__ . ”可知，作者是对蜜蜂过敏，所以在颤抖。故选A项。
10．C 考查形容词。句意：即使只是想到或听到蜜蜂般的声音都会让我头晕。A．sleepy困倦的；B．refreshed恢复精神的；C．dizzy头晕目眩的；D．infected受感染的。根据上文“I’m __9__ to bees! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me…”可知，作者对蜜蜂过敏，所以即使只是想到或听到蜜蜂般的声音都会感到头晕。故选C项。
11．D 考查动词短语。句意：我再也受不了了！ A．make it成功；B．get it得到；C．catch it抓住；D．take it默默忍受。根据下文“I shouted, now wide __12__ and marched to the next apartment. ”可知，作者再也受不了。故选D项。
12．B 考查形容词。句意：我喊道，现在完全清醒了，大步走到隔壁公寓。A．open打开的；B．awake醒着的；C．angry生气的；D．energetic精力充沛的。根据空后“… and marched to the next apartment. My neighbor didn’t open the door until I knocked the door a third time. ”可知，作者现在完全清醒了。故选B项。
13．A 考查动词短语。句意：他卷曲的棕色头发从四面八方掉了下来。A．falling out掉落；B．sticking up竖起；C．blown dry吹干；D．tied back向后扎。根据空后“every way”可知，他的头发从四面八方掉了下来。故选A项。
14．D 考查名词。句意：他的上一项发明是为了去除臭味，但它是用臭鸡蛋而不是电驱动的。A．noises噪音；B．nails钉子；C．habits习惯；D．smells气味。根据下文“…but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity. ”可知，他的上一项发明是为了去除臭味。故选D项。
15．B 考查动词。句意：同上题。A．sounded听起来；B．powered驱动；C．released释放；D．suspended暂停。根据下文“instead of electricity”可知，此处指用臭鸡蛋而不是电来驱动。故选B项。
Ⅲ．语法填空
Lake Powell，the second largest human-made reservoir(水库) in the US，has lost nearly 7% of its potential storage capacity since it 1.________ (build) in 1963.
In addition to water 2.________ (lose) due to years of drought，the US Geological Survey found，Lake Powell 3.________ (face) an average annual loss in storage capacity of about 33，270 acre-feet per year between 1963 and 2018．That’s enough water 4.________ (fill) the Reflecting Pool on the National Mall about 1，600 times.
The capacity of the reservoir is becoming smaller mainly because of sediments(沉淀物) 5.________ (flow) in from the Colorado and San Juan rivers. Those sediments settle at the bottom of the reservoir 6.________ decrease the total amount of water that the reservoir can hold. It’s bad news for a region 7.________ has already faced water shortages and extreme wildfires due to the drought.
Lake Powell is 8.________ important reservoir in the Colorado River Basin. Both Lake Powell and nearby Lake Mead，the nation’s largest reservoir，are drying up 9.________ an alarming rate. In August，the government declared a water shortage on the Colorado River for the first time after Lake Mead’s water level decreased to a record low，leading to cuts in water consumption for the 10．________ (state) in the Southwest that began in January.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于干旱，鲍威尔湖的水位不仅直线下降，它的总容量也在减少。
1．was built 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：鲍威尔湖是美国第二大人工水库，自1963年建成以来，其潜在蓄水能力已经损失了近7%。空格处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语 “in 1963”，可知句子的时态为一般过去时；空格处和句子的主语it之间是被动关系。由此可知，空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。
2．loss 考查名词。句意：美国地质调查局发现，除了多年干旱导致的水分流失外，鲍威尔湖在1963年至2018年期间平均每年面临约33 270英亩英尺的蓄水量损失。空格处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填loss。
3．faced 考查动词的时态。句意：同上题。空格处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语“between 1963 and 2018”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时。故填faced。
4．to fill 考查非谓语动词。句意：那些水足够灌满国家广场上的倒影池约1 600次。空格处在句中作非谓语，表示将来，应用动词不定式作定语。故填to fill。
5．flowing 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于从科罗拉多河和圣胡安河流入的沉积物，水库的容量越来越小。空格处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语sediments (沉淀物)之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填flowing。
6．and 考查连词。句意：这些沉积物沉积在水库底部，并且减少了水库可以容纳的总水量。分析句子结构可知，空格处表示并列，应用and。故填and。
7．which/that 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这对一个由于干旱已经面临缺水和极端野火的地区来说是个坏消息。空格处引导定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为region。故填which/that。
8．an 考查冠词。句意：鲍威尔湖是科罗拉多河流域一个重要的水库。空格处后为单数名词，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，又因空后的important的发音以元音音素开头，要用an修饰。故填an。
9．at 考查介词。句意：鲍威尔湖和附近的米德湖(美国最大的水库)正以惊人的速度干涸。at a rate of…意为 “以……的速度”。故填at。
10．states 考查名词。句意：在8月，在米德湖水位降至历史最低点后，政府首次宣布科罗拉多河缺水，导致美国西南部各州从1月开始削减用水量。空格处在句中作宾语，应用名词，根据后面的定语“in the Southwest”可知，空格处应用名词的复数的形式。故填states。UNIT 12 Period Two
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The rocket launched two communication ________ (卫星).
2．________ (随后), he sold half of his stock in the company.
3．________ (科学的) research is widely claimed to be the source of the high standard of living in the US.
4．The second thing is that the global services units have become one of our ________ (最重要的) customers.
5．If an amount or level is c________ , it stays the same over a particular period of time.
6．A country’s ________ (海军) consists of the people it employs to fight at sea, and the ships they use.
7．A ____________ (显微镜) is a scientific instrument which makes very small objects look bigger so that more details can be seen.
8．Similarly, every time a ________ (生物学家) discovers a new species, there is the opportunity to honour someone or something.
【答案】1．satellites 2．Subsequently 3．Scientific 4．premier
5．constant 6．navy 7．microscope 8．biologist
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．Four possible ________ (outcome) have been identified.
2．________ (subsequently) events confirmed our doubts.
3．The direction of the wind is ________ (constant) changing.
4．Mars and Earth have ________ (orbit) which change with time.
5．Efforts are being made to research it ________ (scientific).
6．You can of course help by giving them a ________ (donate) directly.
7．The government hopes the court will announce its ________ (finding) before the end of the month.
8．This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of ________ (perceive) and understanding human life.
【答案】1．outcomes 2．Subsequent 3．constantly 4．orbits
5．scientifically 6．donation 7．findings 8．perceiving
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．There’s ________________ candlelight for creating a romantic mood.
没有什么比烛光更能营造浪漫氛围了。
2．It would be invidious to ________________ any one person to thank.
单独感谢任何一个人都易引起反感。
3．Keep your eye on these jokers. You never know what they will _________________ .
盯住这些家伙。你永远不知道他们会想出什么来。
4．It took them about one month to ________________ how to start the equipment.
他们用了大约一个月的时间才弄明白如何启动这台设备。
5．Over half the population of this country ________________________ sports.
这个国家一半以上的人参加体育运动。
【答案】1．nothing like 2．single out 3．come up with
4．figure out 5．participate in
提升练
(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Emerging economies struggled to grow through the 2010s and pessimism covers them now. People wonder how they will pay debts and how they can grow rapidly as they did in the past in an era of deglobalisation(去全球化).
The freshest of many answers to this issue is the fast-spreading digital revolution. The digital revolution is already as progressive in emerging economies as developed ones. Among the top 30 nations by income from digital services as a share of gross domestic product(GDP)，16 are in the emerging world. Indonesia，for example，is further advanced by this measure than France or Canada. And since 2017，digital income has been growing in emerging countries at an average annual pace of 26 percent, compared with 11 percent in the developed ones.
How can it be that poorer nations are adopting common digital technologies faster than the rich One explanation is habit and its absence. In societies filled with physical stores and services，customers are often comfortable with them and slow to abandon the providers. In countries where people have difficulty even finding a bank or a doctor，they will jump at the first digital option that comes along. Outsiders have a hard time grasping the impact digital services can have on underserved(服务不足的) populations. Nations lacking in schools，hospitals and banks can quickly bridge these gaps by establishing online services. Though only 5 percent of Kenyans carry credit cards，more than 70 percent have access to digital banking.
It’s early days，too. As economist Carlota Perez has shown，tech revolutions last a long time. Innovations like the car and the steam engine were still transforming economies half a century later. Now，the fading era of globalisation will limit the number of emerging markets，but the era of rapid digitisation has only just begun. This offers many developing economies a revolutionary new path to catch up with the living standards of the developed world.
1．What can we know about the digital revolution
A．It increases people’s debts in deglobalisation.
B．It prevents emerging economy from developing.
C．It advances in emerging and developed economies.
D．It develops most rapidly in Indonesia in terms of GDP.
2．Where are people more willing to accept digital services
A．In economies lacking in online services.
B．In countries short of basic physical facilities.
C．In nations with adequate stores and services.
D．In societies easy to access doctors and banks.
3．What does the author think of the future of digitisation
A．Stable. B．Hopeful.
C．Depressing. D．Challenging.
4．What’s the main idea of the text
A．Digital technology saves emerging economies.
B．Deglobalisation limits technology revolutions.
C．Emerging economies struggle in the pandemic.
D．Digital revolution grows better in globalisation.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了数字技术拯救了新兴经济体。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The digital revolution is already as progressive in emerging economies as developed ones(数字革命在新兴经济体已经和发达经济体一样进步). ”可知，数字革命在新兴经济体和发达经济体中一样进步。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In countries where people have difficulty even finding a bank or a doctor, they will jump at the first digital option that comes along. Outsiders have a hard time grasping the impact digital services can have on underserved(服务不足的) populations. Nations lacking in schools, hospitals and banks can quickly bridge these gaps by establishing online services. Though only 5 percent of Kenyans carry credit cards, more than 70 percent have access to digital banking(在一些国家，人们甚至很难找到银行或医生，他们会欣然接受出现的第一个数字化选择结果。局外人很难理解数字服务对服务不足人群的影响。缺乏学校、医院和银行的国家可以通过建立在线服务迅速弥合这些差距。尽管只有5%的肯尼亚人持有信用卡，但超过70%的人可以使用数字银行). ”可知，在缺乏基本物质设施的国家的人们更愿意接受数字服务。故选B项。
3．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Now, the fading era of globalisation will limit the number of emerging markets, but the era of rapid digitisation has only just begun. This offers many developing economies a revolutionary new path to catch up with the living standards of the developed world(如今，全球化渐行渐远的时代将限制新兴市场的数量，但快速数字化的时代才刚刚开始。这为许多发展中经济体提供了一条革命性的新道路，以赶上发达国家的生活水平). ”推知，作者认为数字化的未来是有希望的。故选B项。
4．A 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Emerging economies struggled to grow through the 2010s and pessimism covers them now. People wonder how they will pay debts and how they can grow rapidly as they did in the past in an era of deglobalisation(去全球化)(新兴经济体在21世纪的头十年曾艰难增长，如今悲观情绪笼罩着它们。人们想知道，他们将如何偿还债务，如何像过去在去全球化时代那样快速增长). ”和第二段中的“The freshest of many answers to this issue is the fast-spreading digital revolution(对于这个问题，许多答案中最新的是迅速传播的数字革命). ”可知，文章主要是关于数字技术拯救了新兴经济体。故选A项。
Ⅱ．七选五
I know that facing uncertainty at work can be stressful，particularly in the current economic climate. While I don’t know the particulars of your situation，I can provide some general advice to help reduce the chance of being laid off.
Start by demonstrating your skills and value to your company. __1__ Meanwhile，show your talents on high-priority assignments. Provide regular progress updates on the financial impact directly related to your work. And share your accomplishments with your directors. __2__
Next，take steps to make sure you are seen as vital to your clients. Often employers consider the impact layoffs will have on customer relations. __3__ However，it may leave a lasting impression on management and colleagues who may be very helpful in your future career.
__4__ To prepare for a layoff，take practical steps，such as updating your resume(简历) and profile to highlight any promotions，new skills，projects，and educational achievements. Make use of your network on the job-searching APP and other virtual platforms to connect with people in your field.
Financial preparations are also strongly advised. Review your budget and cut it where you can. __5__ Make sure you know the requirements for unemployment in your state as well as the anticipated benefit amount so that you can work that into any budget plans. And if possible，consider applying for new opportunities.
A．It will allow you to increase your savings.
B．They may not be aware of all that you’ve done.
C．A layoff may come as a shock to any employer.
D．While you plan for the best，prepare for the worst.
E．Of course，these steps may not always prevent a layoff.
F．One of the best ways to do that is by growing your skills.
G．This may mean volunteering for tasks that others don’t want to do.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于减少被解雇的可能性的建议。
1．G 根据上文“Start by demonstrating your skills and value to your company. ”以及下文的“Meanwhile, show your talents on high-priority assignments. ”可知，上文提到展示你的技能和对公司的价值开始。此处承接上文说明这么做的意义：意味着自愿做别人不想做的工作。G项“这可能意味着自愿做别人不想做的工作。”符合语境。故选G项。
2．B 根据上文的“And share your accomplishments with your directors. ”可知，上文提到和主管分享成就。此处为本段最后一句，说明这么做的原因：他们可能不知道你所做的一切。B项中的They指代上文中的directors。故B项“他们可能不知道你所做的一切。”符合语境。故选B项。
3．E 根据上文“Next, take steps to make sure you are seen as vital to your clients. Often employers consider the impact layoffs will have on customer relations(接下来，采取措施确保你被客户视为至关重要的人。雇主通常会考虑裁员对客户关系的影响). ”以及下文“However, it may leave a lasting impression on management and colleagues who may be very helpful in your future career(然而，这可能会给管理层和同事留下深刻的印象，他们可能会对你未来的职业生涯有很大的帮助). ”可知，此处承接上文，说明“采取措施确保你被客户视为至关重要的人”这一做法对避免裁员的不一定有用。下文与此处构成转折，指出这可能会给管理层和同事留下深刻的印象，他们可能会对你未来的职业生涯有很大的帮助。E项“当然，这些措施不一定能避免裁员。”符合语境。故选E项。
4．D 根据下文的“To prepare for a layoff, take practical steps, such as updating your resume(简历) and profile to highlight any promotions, new skills, projects, and educational achievements. Make use of your network on the job-searching App and other virtual platforms to connect with people in your field(为被解雇做好准备，采取切实可行的措施，比如，更新你的简历和简介，突出任何晋升、新技能、项目和教育成就。利用你在求职软件和其他虚拟平台上的人际网络与你所在领域的人建立联系). ”可知，下文提到为被解雇做好准备，即做好最坏的打算。D项“做最好的打算，做最坏的打算。”符合语境。故选D项。
5．A 根据上文的“Financial preparations are also strongly advised. Review your budget and cut it where you can(还强烈建议做好财务准备。回顾你的预算，在你能削减的地方削减). ”可知，上文提到削减开支，即增加储蓄。A项“它可以让你增加储蓄。”符合语境。故选A项。UNIT 12 Period Three
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．The teacher ________ the children into three groups.
A．proposed B．donated
C．split D．found
2．For two years Joy and George trained the animal for a return to the wild, and the ________ book about it was an international success.
A．subsequent B．outspoken
C．constant D．accurate
3．There is a general ________ that exams are becoming easier to pass.
A．perception B．outcome
C．efficiency D．donation
4．Abnormalities in the cells can be seen quite clearly under a ________ .
A．microscope B．missile
C．tube D．circuit
【答案】1-4 CAAA
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．He is fed by a ________ (管子) that enters his nose.
2．He was completely ________ (一窍不通的) about computers two years ago.
3．The company ________ (出现) from that recession.
4．She and Frank had never got around to opening a ________ (共同的) account.
【答案】1．tube 2．clueless 3．emerged 4．joint
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．Keep this money for your ________ (incidence) expenses.
2．Give me a ________ (clueless). What does it begin with
3．How do you motivate people to work hard and ________ (efficient)
4．The composition ________ (propose) disposed of the components.
5．Stalin gave an ________ (accuracy) assessment of the utility of nuclear weapons.
6．There is growing evidence that the economy is at last ________ (emerge) from recession.
7．It is widely acknowledged that students should be ________ (evaluate) in terms of overall quality.
【答案】1．incidental 2．clue 3．efficiently 4．proposer
5．accurate 6．emerging 7．evaluated
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．An idea has just ______________________ .
我刚刚想到一个主意。
2．__________________ , it became cloudy and began to rain.
突然，天空变得多云而且开始下雨。
3．________________________ people spoke against the proposal.
只有几个人表示反对这一提议。
4．For lovers of the great outdoors, activities ________________ canoeing ________ bird watching.
对于户外活动的爱好者们来说，有从划船到观鸟的各种活动。
5．This conference will ________________________________ the research of enterprises for the ecodevelopment of enterprises.
本次会议将致力于企业研究，以促进企业的生态发展。
【答案】1．come into my mind 2．All of a sudden 3．Only a few
4．range from; to 5．be dedicated to
提升练
(建议用时：20分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Gabby Goodwin and her mother，Rozalynn，had a problem: Even after careful styling，barrettes(发夹) kept slipping out of the 5-year-old’s hair. Gabby hated losing bows，and her mom was tired of buying replacements. As Rozalynn shared her frustration with other parents on social media，someone suggested that the Goodwins try creating their own barrettes.
“I was super excited，” said Gabby，now l4．“I was nagging(唠叨) my mom every single day about these barrettes. ” Gabby’s persistence persuaded her mother，and they began to deal with the problem.
First they examined Gabby’s hair bows to see why they were falling out. Then they came up with a design for a double-face，double-snap barrette that attaches securely to hair.
When the Goodwins first showed their design to business investors，it was rejected. The product wasn’t the right fit or the business plan wasn’t good，companies told them. The setbacks made Gabby more determined.
Gabby and her mother didn’t give up，and in 2014 they began selling the bows online. The barrettes were so popular that the Goodwins received a patent. Today Gabby is chief of Confidence by GaBBY Goodwin，and the barrettes-called GaBBY Bows-are available online and in 74 Target stores across the country. In 2018，Black Enterprise selected Gabby as its Teenpreneur of the year. The following year，Gabby and Rozalynn set up a virtual academy to help girls learn business skills.
If you watch Gabby deliver a speech on a Facebook video，it’s hard to imagine the South Carolina eighth-grader as anything other than confident. But learning to be the public face of her company was “really hard at first”， she said.
Over the years，with a lot of practice speaking to audiences，Gabby grew more comfortable in her role. She offers this advice to kids: “Keep doing what you’re passionate about，then you’ll be able to grow in confidence. ”
1．What did the Goodwins do after listening to someone’s suggestion
A．They asked for help online.
B．They designed a new barrette.
C．They looked for stylish barrettes.
D．They bought more replacements.
2．How did Gabby react to some companies’ rejection
A．She sold her products online.
B．She gave up working on barrettes.
C．She decided to redesign her barrettes.
D．She told her business plan to a virtual academy.
3．How is Gabby’s business going
A．It has suffered a downturn. B．It is expanding fast.
C．It has failed to get a patent. D．It hardly makes ends meet.
4．What does Gabby’s advice to kids show
A．Every dog has its day.
B．Never be ashamed to fail.
C．Confidence is important in public speaking.
D．Interest and hard work lead to success.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女孩Gabby Goodwin发明了不易掉落的发夹并成功开创了自己事业的历程。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they came up with a design for a double-face, double-snap barrette that attaches securely to hair (然后他们想出了一种双面、双扣的发夹设计，可以安全地固定在头发上). ”可知，她们在听了别人的建议后开始设计新型发夹。故选B项。
2．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Gabby and her mother didn’t give up, and in 2014 they began selling the bows online( Gabby和她的母亲没有放弃，2014年她们开始在网上销售这些蝴蝶结). ”可知，Gabby被拒绝后并没有放弃，反而愈挫愈勇，开始在网上售卖自己设计的发夹。故选A项。
3．B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Today Gabby is chief of Confidence by GaBBY Goodwin, and the barrettes-called GaBBY Bows-are available online and in 74 Target stores across the country. In 2018, Black Enterprise selected Gabbyas its Teenpreneur of the year(如今，Gabby是GaBBY Goodwin’自信’的负责人，这种被称为GaBBY Bows的发夹可以在网上和全国74家Target商店买到。2018年，’黑人企业’评选Gabby为年度青年创业者). ”可知，Gabby的企业很快就发展壮大了。故选B项。
4．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Keep doing what you’re passionate about, then you’ll be able to grow in confidence. ”可知，只要坚持做自己感兴趣的事情，就会培养自信从而取得成功。故选D项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.
Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Starbucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, __1__ and stores. Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans __2__ that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and __3__ service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all __4__ the “Starbucks Experience”.
Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately(共同地) owned and controlled. Starbucks prided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”， __5__ coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.
__6__ those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and __7__ advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. At home you’re part of a family. At work you’re part of a company. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself. That’s what a Starbucks store has been __8__ to creating for its customers — a kind of “third place” where they can __9__ , reflect, read, chat or listen.
The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the __10__ from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also __11__ original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only colour on the outside surrounded by a circle.
Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of __12__ : the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, __13__ sipping a coffee flavour, which is in line with the “Yapi”， the feeling of experience in the __14__ life.
But the __15__ of Starbucks is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.
1．A．people B．managers
C．customers D．clients
2．A．assured B．promised
C．ensured D．predicted
3．A．emergency B．environment
C．employment D．customer
4．A．consisted of B．benefited from
C．contributed to D．headed for
5．A．going beyond B．coming across
C．making up D．depending on
6．A．With regard to B．In addition to
C．Compared with D．In terms of
7．A．general B．reasonable
C．legal D．fascinating
8．A．committed B．alerted
C．subjected D．required
9．A．negotiate B．perform
C．conceal D．escape
10．A．imagination B．inspiration
C．patent D．philosophy
11．A．creates B．cultivates
C．credits D．conveys
12．A．brand B．logo
C．possession D．experience
13．A．greedily B．gently
C．persistently D．indifferently
14．A．busy B．easy
C．miserable D．energetic
15．A．product B．vision
C．essence D．importance
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了虽然星巴克的咖啡很棒，但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，而在于它的企业文化。
1．A 句意：对于星巴克来说，品牌有三个要素：咖啡、人和商店。people人(们)；managers经理；customers顾客；clients客户。上文说星巴克将打造品牌个性的理念作为企业文化的一部分，将意义嵌入产品中，从而吸引更多的顾客。由此可知，人是星巴克品牌文化的三个要素之一。故选A项。
2．C 句意：对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格的控制，确保了咖啡的最高品质。assured担保；promised承诺；ensured确保，保证；predicted预测。对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格的控制的目的自然是确保咖啡的最高品质。故选C项。
3．D 句意：在咖啡知识和客户服务方面雇用和培训了优秀的店员。emergency紧急情况；environment环境；employment就业；customer客户。根据常识可知，店员上岗前要进行客户服务方面的培训。customer service表示“客户服务”。故选D项。
4．C 句意：店面的设计、氛围和浓郁的香气都为星巴克体验做出了贡献。consisted of由……组成；benefited from从……中受益；contributed to有助于，为……做贡献；headed for前往。根据常识可知，咖啡店的设计、氛围和浓郁的香气都为顾客的星巴克体验做出了贡献。故选C项。
5．A 句意：星巴克以“星巴克体验”为荣，其服务超出了咖啡，为顾客提供独特的体验。going beyond超出；coming across遇到；making up弥补；depending on依靠。下文说星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡。由此可知，“星巴克体验”超出了咖啡，为顾客提供独特的体验。故选A项。
6．C 句意：与传统的咖啡店为您提供的服务相比，星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡。With regard to至于；In addition to除……之外(还)；Compared with与……相比；In terms of在……方面。空后提到了传统咖啡店的服务，因此此处是星巴克与传统咖啡店的对比。故选C项。
7．B 句意：这里有很棒的人，一流的音乐，舒适、积极的会议场所，以及在家里煮优质咖啡的合理建议。general一般的；reasonable合理的；legal合法的；fascinating迷人的。根据常识可知，星巴克自然会为顾客提供在家煮一杯好咖啡的合理建议。故选B项。
8．A 句意：那就是星巴克致力于为顾客创造的一种所谓的“第三空间”，在那里他们可以远离(喧嚣)、思考、阅读、聊天或倾听。committed承诺，投入；alerted警告；subjected臣服；required要求。be committed to表示“致力于”。故选A项。
9．D 句意：同上题。negotiate谈判；perform执行；conceal隐藏；escape远离，避开。根据空格后的“reflect, read, chat or listen”可知，在星巴克创造的“第三空间”里，人们可以远离(喧嚣)，旨在突出星巴克创造的安静环境。故选D项。
10．B 句意：它是由Terry Heckler设计的，他从木制的海洋雕像中得到灵感。imagination想象；inspiration灵感；patent专利权；philosophy哲理。上文说绿色星巴克标识是一个美人鱼，这个设计灵感是Terry Heckler从木制的海洋雕像中获得的。故选B项。
11．D 句意：美人鱼标识还传达了原始和现代的含义……creates创造；cultivates培养；credits赞颂；conveys传达。根据常识可知，一个品牌的标识自然会传达某种含义。故选D项。
12．D 句意：星巴克将典型的美国文化逐渐分解为体验元素：视觉上的温暖，听觉上煮咖啡的声音，嗅觉上的咖啡香气，等等。brand品牌；logo标识；possession财产；experience体验。根据冒号后的内容可知，此处指“体验元素”。故选D项。
13．B 句意：试想，透过巨大的玻璃窗，望着拥挤的街道，轻轻地啜一口咖啡香，这正符合“雅痞”，在忙碌的生活中体验的感觉。greedily贪婪地；gently轻轻地；persistently固执地；indifferently冷淡地。根据常识可知，刚煮好的咖啡是非常热的，要一小口一小口轻轻地啜着喝。故选B项。
14．A 句意：同上题。busy忙碌的；easy简单的；miserable悲惨的；energetic精力充沛的。根据上文所提到的拥挤的街道可知，平时的生活节奏是很快的。因此此处指的是“忙碌的”生活。故选A项。
15．C 句意：但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，尽管它是很棒的咖啡。product产品；vision视力；essence精髓，精华；importance重要性。空格后说咖啡只是一种载体，咖啡消费在很大程度上是一种情感和文化层面的消费。因此此处是说星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，而在于它的文化。故选C项。UNIT 12 Period Four
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．Intelligence peaks in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then universally starts to slowly ________ as we age.
A．emerge B．develop
C．lead D．decline
2．His story of what happened that night didn’t correspond with the witness’s ________ .
A．version B．bonus
C．reduction D．expectation
3．The book is well organised ________ plot.
A．in spite of B．regardless of
C．in search of D．in terms of
4．Models are ________ representations of everyday reality.
A．simplified B．developed
C．available D．theoretical
5．He picked up a large and ________ rock to sit down and had a rest.
A．visioned B．grand
C．flat D．steep
【答案】1-5 DADAC
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．Local police ________ (拒绝) to comment on the reasons for her detention.
2．He lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to ________ (克服) his handicap.
3．Our results provide evidence bearing on some important ________ (理论的) issues.
4．Workers in big firms receive a substantial part of their pay in the form of ________ (奖金) and overtime.
5．This ________ (宏伟的) building in the centre of town used to be the hub of the capital’s social life.
【答案】1．declined 2．overcome 3．theoretical 4．bonuses 5．grand
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．Now you can get the ________ (decline) of the sun with the next formula.
2．The night before the test I ________ (overcome) by fear and despair.
3．It is ________ (theoretical) possible for him to overrule their decision, but highly unlikely.
4．In addition, the scientists plan to look at the possible effects of a ________ (cosmology) constant, which they did not investigate here.
【答案】1．declination 2．was overcome 3．theoretically 4．cosmological
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．Now I can walk to work ________________ going by car.
现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。
2．You watch. Things will ________________ before they get better.
你瞧着吧。事情会先变糟，然后再好转。
3．They are firm friends __________________ temperamental differences.
他们尽管性格不同，但仍然友情甚笃。
4．He is able to ______________________ pursue his goal of becoming an actor.
他能够继续追求他成为演员的目标。
5．Victims want to see justice done ____________________________ themselves, but for the greater good of society.
受害者们希望看到正义得到伸张，这不仅是为了他们自己， 也是为了社会更大的利益。
【答案】1．instead of 2．get worse 3．in spite of 4．continue to 5．not just for
提升练
(建议用时：25分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Professor Veena Sahajwalla，2022 Australian of the year，has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microfactories. These little trash processors(处理器) — some as small as 500 square feet — house a series of machines that recycle waste and transform it into new materials with thermal technology(热技术). The new all-in-one approach could leave our current recycling processes in the dust.
In 2018，she launched the first microfactory，establishing a model of recycling that enables businesses and communities to develop commercial opportunities while addressing local waste problems. A second one began recycling plastics in 2019．Now，her lab group is working with university and industry partners to commercialize their patented Microfactory technology. “The small scale of the machines will make it easier for them to one day operate on renewable energy，unlike most large manufacturing plants. The approach will also allow cities to recycle waste into new products on location，avoiding the long，often international，high-emission journeys between recycling processors and manufacturing plants. With a microfactory，gone are the days of needing separate facilities to collect and store materials，extract(提取) elements and produce new products，” says Sahajwalla.
Traditionally，recycling plants break down materials for reuse in similar products — like melting down plastic to make more plastic things. Sahajwalla’s invention advances this idea by taking materials from an old product and creating something different. “The kids don’t look like the parents，” she says. Sahajwalla refers to this process as “the fourth R，” adding “ re-form ” to the common phrase “reduce, reuse, recycle”.
Professor Veena Sahajwalla’s programs help to develop innovation and promote cooperation with industry，ensuring that sustainable materials and processes become commercially practical solutions for dealing with waste.
1．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To introduce a new type of trash processor.
B．To introduce the process of recycling waste.
C．To prove the seriousness of the trash problem.
D．To show the current situation of trash recycling.
2．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A．The origin of waste microfactories.
B．The advantages of waste microfactories.
C．The influences of waste microfactories.
D．The scale of waste microfactories.
3．What does “re-form” in Paragraph 3 refer to according to Sahajwalla
A．Generating new materials with waste.
B．Extracting materials from the waste.
C．Updating the whole recycling process.
D．Transforming waste into same products.
4．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A fiction novel. B．A business report.
C．A science magazine. D．A chemical textbook.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Veena Sahajwalla教授曾是澳大利亚的年度人物，她为我们的大规模垃圾问题创造了一个解决方案：垃圾微型工厂。
1．A 推理判断题。根据第一段“Professor Veena Sahajwalla, 2022 Australian of the year, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microfactories. These little trash processors(处理器)-some as small as 500 square feet — house a series of machines that recycle waste and transform it into new materials with thermal technology(热技术). The new all-in-one approach could leave our current recycling processes in the dust(Veena Sahajwalla教授是2022年澳大利亚年度人物，她为我们巨大的垃圾问题创造了一个解决方案：垃圾微型工厂。这些小垃圾处理机——有些小到500平方英尺——安装了一系列机器，利用热技术回收垃圾并将其转化为新材料。这种新的一体化的方法可以使我们目前的回收过程望尘莫及). ”可知，第一段的写作目的是为了介绍一种新型的垃圾处理机。故选A项。
2．B 段落大意题。根据第二段中的“In 2018, she launched the first microfactory, establishing a model of recycling that enables businesses and communities to develop commercial opportunities while addressing local waste problems(在2018年，她启动了第一家微型工厂，建立了一种回收模式，使企业和社区在解决当地垃圾问题的同时开发商业机会). ”可知，第二段主要谈论了垃圾微工厂的优点。故选B项。
3．A 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Sahajwalla’s invention advances this idea by taking materials from an old product and creating something different(Sahajwalla的发明通过从旧产品中提取材料，创造出不同的东西，推进了这一想法). ”可知，Sahajwalla将这一过程称为“第四个R”，即在“减少、再利用、再循环”的基础上再加上“重组”。由此可推知，re-form指的是“用垃圾产生新材料”。故选A项。
4．C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Professor Veena Sahajwalla, 2022 Australian of the year, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microfactories(Veena Sahajwalla教授是2022年澳大利亚年度人物，她为我们巨大的垃圾问题创造了一个解决方案：垃圾微型工厂). ”可知，文章主要介绍了垃圾微型工厂。由此可知，文章可能出自一本科学杂志。故选C项。
Ⅱ．读后续写
The Little Boy
A little boy selling magazines for school walked up to a house that people rarely visited. The house was very old and shabby and the owner hardly ever came out. When he did come out, he would not say hello to his neighbours or passers-by but simply just glare at them.
The boy knocked on the door and waited, sweating from fear of the old man. The boy’s parents told him to stay away from the house, and a lot of the other neighbourhood children were told the same thing from their parents.
Dust found the boy lingering on and hesitating what to do. As he was ready to walk away, the door slowly opened. “What do you want？” the old man said impatiently. The little boy was very afraid, but he had a quota(份额) to meet for school with selling the magazines. So he got up the courage and said, “Uh, sir, I am selling these magazines and uh, I was wondering if you would like to buy one from me. ”
The old man just stared at the boy without a word. The boy could see inside the old man’s house and saw that he had dog figurines(小雕像) on the fireplace mantle. “Do you collect dogs？” The little boy asked. “Yes, I have many collections in my house. They are my family here and they are all I have. ” The boy then felt sorry for the man, as it seemed that he was a very lonely soul.
“Well, I do have a magazine here for collectors. It is perfect for you. I also have one about dogs since you like dogs so much. ” The old man was ready to close the door on the boy and said, “No, boy. I don’t need any magazines of any kind, now goodbye. ”
The little boy was sad that he was not going to make his quota with the sale. He was also sad for the old man being so alone in the house that he owned. The boy went home and then had an idea. He had a little dog figurine that he got some years ago from an aunt. The figurine did not mean nearly as much to him since he had a real live dog and a large family.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
The little boy headed back down to the old man’s house. ___________________________ _____________________________________________________________
One possible version：
The little boy headed back down to the old man’s house. The thought of knocking at the old man’s door filled the little boy with fear, though, he still knocked on the door, waiting breathlessly. Finally, it opened, and out came the old man. Seeing the boy holding a well-wrapped dog figurine, he looked very astonished but still glared at him without a word. Determined to break the ice, the boy gave the old man the gift with a precious card attached, expressing his care. Deeply moved by all the boy did, the old man could say nothing but to hug him tightly, the tears of appreciation welling up. Out of gratitude, he bought a magazine from the boy and saw him off.
From that day on, something changed inside the old man. _____________________________ ___________________________________________________________
One possible version：
From that day on, something changed inside the old man. He adopted a real live dog and treated him as his child. It seemed that it was the company of the dog that led the lonely soul out of darkness and loneliness. Gradually, he was willing to greet others and wear a bright smile, expressing his appreciation to life. Indeed, only when we open up the door of our heart, can we be bathed in the brilliant sunshine and enjoy the warmth of love and care.UNIT 12 Period Five
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．Mark has had too much ________ food, so he has a throat ache.
A．steamed B．fried
C．boiled D．cooked
2．You’d better reserve your spot before ________ —the special offer can be only provided within a limited period.
A．responsibility B．availability
C．possibility D．ability
3．Two hundred British ________ lost their lives when the ship went down.
A．captains B．sailors
C．pilots D．astronauts
4．People need to get out of their cars and use other modes of ________ .
A．explosion B．transportation
D．inspiration D．translation
【答案】1-4 BBBB
Ⅱ．单词拼写
1．I stood in the kitchen, waiting for the water to ______ (沸腾).
2．I’ll put the ________ (水壶) on the stove and make some tea for you.
3．The only solution seems to be the ________ (改善) of local residents’ morals.
4．The nature and ________ (有效性) of material evidence was not to be discussed.
5．In an electric power plant the heat converts water into high-pressure ________ (蒸汽).
【答案】1．boil 2．kettle 3．improvement 4．availability 5．steam
Ⅲ．单句语法填空
1．Plants burgeon(嫩枝) from every ________ (availability) space.
2．His image ________________ (reflect) many times in the mirror.
3．Do you know anything about the ________ (revolution) movement
4．Within a month, both the texture and condition of your hair should ________ (improvement).
5．The pot was ________ (boil) the whole evening, and the whole of the following day.
【答案】1．available 2．was reflected 3．revolutionary 4．improve 5．boiling
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．Nobody had much money ________________________ and I was no exception.
那时候谁都没有很多钱，我也不例外。
2．The boy ________________________ painting.
那个男孩具有绘画天赋。
3．The start of a new year is a good time to ________________ the many achievements of the past.
新年伊始正是回顾过去许多成绩的好时候。
4．It’s difficult to buy anything in a supermarket, other than plain，unprepared meat, fish or vegetables, which doesn’t have ____________________ sugar in it.
除了乏味的、未加工的肉、鱼或蔬菜这些不含大量糖分的东西外，在超市里很难买到其他东西。
【答案】1．at the time 2．is gifted in 3．reflect on 4．a large amount of
提升练
(建议用时：30分钟)
Ⅰ．语法填空
Dubbed “rocket boy”，Yan Hongsen， 1.________ primary school student from Shaoxing，Zhejiang Province， 2.________ (invite) to teach his whole school about space science at the opening ceremony of the new school term.
The 9-year-old boy 3.________ won national fame after 4.________ (point) out factual errors in a planetarium documentary(天文馆纪录片)is now giving astronomy lessons to his schoolmates.
Yan 5.________ (be) a space science fan since he was just 4 years old and makes cardboard rocket models and teaches online classes to other 6.________ (love). He became 7.________ (interest) in space science，then fell in love with astronomy and military affairs.
After the short video about him was 8.________ (wide) spread，this smart boy is well known all over China. Many schools including his own invited him to give lessons. His 9.________ (pride) father posted the boy’s “job offer”when Yan was made “Aerospace Junior Lecturer” by his school who sets an example 10．________ all the teenagers.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“火箭男孩”——严洪森。
1．a 考查冠词。句意：被称为“火箭男孩”的严洪森是浙江绍兴的一名小学生，他被邀请在新学期开学典礼上给全校讲授太空科学。空格处后为单数名词student，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空后primary的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
2．was invited 考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：同上题。空格处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语Yan Hongsen之间为被动关系，叙述过去发生的事，时态应用一般过去时；主语Yan Hongsen是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was invited。
3．who/that 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这名9岁的男孩因在天文馆纪录片中指出事实错误而闻名全国，现在他正在给同学们上天文学课。空格处引导定语从句且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为boy。故填who/that。
4．pointing 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上题。空格处在句中作非谓语，空前为介词after，空格处应用动名词作宾语。故填pointing。
5．has been 考查动词的时态。句意：严洪森从4岁起就是一名太空科学迷，他制作纸板火箭模型，并在网上给其他爱好者讲授课程。空格处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“since he was just 4 years old”可知，句子的时态为现在完成时，且主语Yan是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has been。
6．lovers 考查名词。句意：同上题。空格处在句中作宾语，应用名词，根据空前的形容词other可知，空格处应用名词的复数形式。故填lovers。
7．interested 考查形容词。句意：他开始对太空科学感兴趣，然后又爱上了天文学和军事。空格处在句中作表语，应用形容词；主语为he，表示人“对……感兴趣”，应用-ed结尾的形容词作表语。故填interested。
8．widely 考查副词。句意：在关于他的短视频被广泛传播后，这个聪明的男孩在全中国都很有名。空格处后为动词，空格处应用副词修饰动词。故填widely。
9．proud 考查形容词。句意：当严洪森被学校选为“航空航天初级讲师”时，他自豪的父亲把他的“工作邀请”贴在网上，为所有青少年树立了榜样。空格处后为名词，空格处应用形容词修饰名词。故填proud。
10．for/to 考查介词。句意：见上题。固定短语set an example to/for…意为“为……树立榜样”。故填for/to。
Ⅱ．阅读理解
A
The Notre Dame(巴黎圣母院) fire has been put out, but its wooden roof has been largely damaged. The terrible accident causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world, “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore！”
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely via a video game called Assassin’s Creed: Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. In addition, with VR technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of digitizing ancient buildings, making digital models of them so their data can be saved, dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with hundreds of images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as “same” as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular，the digital replica or digital copy has great practical value. First, it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them, which helps protect them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting it in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics. Even if the original ones are damaged one day, people can still know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.
Time is the biggest problem to architectural heritage. Maybe we will have better technologies in the future，but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
1．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The big fire has damaged the whole Notre Dame.
B．Only people in Paris felt pain for losing Notre Dame.
C．The damaged parts of Notre Dame have already been repaired.
D．A video game can help people see the original look of Notre Dame.
2．What will engineers do to create a digital replica of the ancient buildings
A．Scan the photos of the buildings. B．Build 3D models of full size.
C．Improve the technology needed. D．Measure all the parts exactly.
3．How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance
A．By comparison. B．By listing data.
C．By giving examples. D．By classification.
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Damage of Notre Dame
B．The Value of Digital Replica
C．VR Technology Helps Repair the Cultural Relics
D．Digital Technology Helps Protect Ancient Buildings
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了数字技术现在可以提供一种实用的方法来帮助保护建筑文化遗产。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely via a video game called Assassin’s Creed: Unity(但好消息是，至少可以通过一种方式看到它们，即通过一款名叫Assassin’s Creed: Unity的视频游戏). ”可知，通过一款视频游戏可以再次看到巴黎圣母院的原貌。D项“A video game can help people see the original look of Notre Dame(一款视频游戏可以帮助人们看见巴黎圣母院的原貌). ”符合以上说法。故选D项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with hundreds of images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as ’same’ as the real one(通过使用激光扫描古建筑，建立具有上百个图像的3D模型以及精确测量每件物品，工程师可以制作出与实物一样精确的副本). ”可知，工程师精确测量所有零件来创建古代建筑的数字复制品。D项“Measure all the parts exactly(精确地测量所有部分). ”符合以上说法。故选D项。
3．C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them (甘肃省敦煌石窟的虚拟游览就是一个很好的例子，游客可以不用站在旁边看画). ”可推测，作者通过实例证明数字拷贝具有至关重要的现实意义。C项“By giving examples. ”符合以上说法。故选C项。
4．D 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段 “Time is the biggest problem to architectural heritage. Maybe we will have better technologies in the future，but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment(时间对于建筑遗址来说是最大的问题。或许将来我们有更好的技术，但目前数字技术提供了一个实用的方法来保护文化遗产). ”可知，本文主要讲述了用数字技术保护建筑文化遗产。D项“Digital Technology Helps Protect Ancient Buildings(数字技术帮助保护古代建筑)”作为本文最佳标题。故选D项。
B
When Tina Sorg first saw the robot rolling through her supermarket, she thought，“That thing is a little weird. ” Programmed to detect spills and rubbish in the passages，the robot looked like a printer with a long neck. “It needed personality，” said Ms Sorg，55，who manages the store’s beer and wine department.
So，during one overnight shift，she went out to a nearby arts and craft store，brought back a large pair of googly eyes(塑料眼睛) and, when no one was looking，fixed them on the top of the robot.
The eyes were a hit with managers at her grocery company Ahold Delhaize. They are now a standard feature on the company’s nearly 500 robots across the United States.
How this supermarket robot got its funny eyes touches on a serious question: Will robots with friendly faces and cute names help people feel good about devices that are taking over an increasing amount of human work
Robots are now working everywhere from factories to living rooms. But the introduction of robots to public settings like the grocery store is increasing new fears that humans are being pushed out of jobs. McKinsey，the consulting(咨询) firm, says the grocers could immediately reduce “the pool of labor hours” by as much as 65% if they adopted all the automation technology currently available.
Still，most of the retail(零售的) robots have just enough human qualities to make them appear friendly but not too many to suggest they are replacing humans completely.
“There is never going to be this great disaster of job loss，” said Peter Hancock，a professor at the University of Central Florida who has studied the history of automation. Throughout history，Hancock added，workers have attacked technologies when they feel threatened，like the 19th-century Luddites，who destroyed machinery in cloth factories. “If you push too hard，too far，people transfer their anger to the technology，and they protest，” he noted.
5．What was Tina Sorg’s attitude towards the robot that “looked like a printer with a long neck”
A．Positive. B．Indifferent.
C．Favorable. D．Disapproving.
6．What happened to the googly eyes Tina Sorg put on the robot
A．They were banned by her supermarket.
B．They were well-received by her bosses.
C．They went unnoticed by her colleagues.
D．They were hit by some drunk customers.
7．The consulting firm McKinsey is mentioned ________ .
A．to point out the exact amount of labor to be done by robots
B．to celebrate the prospect of robots replacing human workers
C．to emphasize the risk of job loss due to technological advances
D．to stress the power of automation technology in public settings
8．What can be inferred from Professor Hancock’s words
A．Robots will be made more human-like.
B．Technology protects humans’ job security.
C．Robots will not replace human workers entirely.
D．Governments should get protesters under control.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。蒂娜·索格为了让机器人看起来更像人，给机器人增添了一双眼睛。这一举动也给了设计者启示，认为机器人应有足够的人类特质，以带给人类客户更好的体验。但机器人的普及也引发了大家针对机器人是否会代替人类劳动力这一问题的讨论。
5．D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“’It needed personality，’said Ms Sorg, 55, who manages the store’s beer and wine department(’它需要个性，’55岁的索格说，她负责店里的啤酒和葡萄酒部). ”可推测出，索格对目前的机器人不满意，觉得它需要增添个性。所以D项符合题意。故选D项。
6．B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The eyes were a hit with managers at her grocery company Ahold Delhaize. They are now a standard feature on the company’s nearly 500 robots across the United States (这双眼睛很受她的食品杂货公司Ahold Delhaize经理们的欢迎。它们现在是该公司遍布美国的近500个机器人的标准功能). ”可知，杂货公司的经理们都很喜欢机器人脸上新添加的眼睛。故选B项。
7．C 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Robots are now working everywhere from factories to living rooms. But the introduction of robots to public settings like the grocery store is increasing new fears that humans are being pushed out of jobs(机器人现在工作在从工厂到客厅的任何地方。但机器人进入食品杂货店等公共场所，增加了人们对人类将被挤出工作岗位的新担忧). ”此处重点强调“But”后的内容，所以下文提及McKinsey的例子是为了进一步强调机器人的出现可能会增加人类的失业风险。故选C项。
8．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ ’There is never going to be this great disaster of job loss，’ said Peter Hancock, a professor at the University of Central Florida who has studied the history of automation(中佛罗里达大学研究自动化历史的教授Peter Hancock说： ’永远不会出现这种失业的大灾难’). ”可知，Peter Hancock认为机器人的普及并不会导致人类失业大灾难。由此推知，他认为机器人不会完全取代人类劳动者。故选C项。
Ⅲ．书面表达
假如你是李华，你校将举办以“人工智能与生活”为主题的科技创新大赛(Science and Technology Innovation Contest)。请你用英语为本次活动写一则宣传稿。
内容包括：
1．比赛目的；
2．主题与内容；
3．参赛方式。
注意：
1．词数 80 左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
A Special Contest You Won’t Want to Miss
To inspire us with scientific creativity in this ever-changing “smarter” world, we have a Science and Technology Innovation Contest on the way.
The coming contest, with the theme of “Artificial Intelligence and Our Life”， will serve as a platform to show our talents for technological innovation. Works ranging from scientific designs to inventions facilitating our daily life with AI are welcome.
If interested, please submit your work to the Students’ Union Office before December 1st. I believe every participant will achieve something amazing.UNIT 12 Period Six
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．We will do everything to ________ (维护) peace.
2．There’s ________ (大量) of work for her to do.
3．Stay in bed extra late or get up ________ (特别) early.
4．They were clearing up when the second bomb ________ (爆炸).
5．The example of the United States ________ (说明) this point.
【答案】1．preserve 2．masses 3．specially 4．exploded 5．illustrates
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．In the next chapter, I want to explore the question of the cultural boundaries between different subjects. ________ (specific), I will look at what we mean by the terms “art” and “science”.
2．The president is expected to announce new efforts to tighten gun-control ________ (regulate).
3．Police believe Derek gave a reasonably ________ (accuracy) account of what happened.
4．In an emergency, the hospital can be powered by ________ (electric) from a generator.
5．Flemma said that a reliable ________ (mechanic) device was needed for the thousands of patients who die while awaiting human heart transplants.
6．A ________ (sail) appeared in front of him, holding two women in his arms.
7．It was a large ________ (explode) and the resulting damage was extensive.
8．Frank had been struck down by a ________ (mass) heart attack.
9．This is a great ________ (improve) on your previous work.
10．Seventy-two percent of people ________ (eventual) found work, but mainly in low-paid service jobs.
【答案】1．Specifically 2．regulation 3．accurate 4．electricity 5．mechanical
6．sailor 7．explosion 8．massive 9．improvement 10．eventually
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．Many people run ____________________ losing weight.
许多人为了减肥而跑步。
2．We ______________ provide every driver with a safe and comfortable driving environment.
我们致力于让每个驾驶员都拥有一个安全舒适的驾驶环境。
3．These differences ____________________ beneficial effects on cognitive function.
这些差异与认知功能的有益影响相关。
4．Many ideas which have ________________________ the forum were noticed and will be implemented in the future.
我们注意到论坛中提出了很多意见和想法，将来我们会予以采纳。
5．She lived entirely by spiritual values, in __________________ poetry and imagination.
她完全靠着精神价值生活在一个诗歌和想像的世界里。
【答案】1．for the purpose of 2．dedicate to 3．are associated with
4．come up on 5．a world of
提升练
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ．语法填空
A heartwarming letter written by Yuan Longping has caught international attention as the world is mourning(哀悼) over his passing away. In 2010, at the age of 80, Yuan wrote the letter 1.________ memory of his late mother，Hua Jing. In the letter， 2.________ (name) “The Rice is Ripe，Mom”，Yuan looked back to the old days with his mother in Anjiang Town in central China’s Hunan Province， 3.________ his mother was buried in 1989.
“Mom，the rice is ripe. Can you smell it It seems as if your laugh is still ringing in Anjiang. I can still see my son holding 4.________ (you) hands to help you walk through the rice field. ” he wrote.
Born in a 5.________ (wealth) family in Yangzhou，eastern China’s Jiangsu Province，Hua was well educated and open-minded. She taught Yuan English and the 6.________ (thought) of Nietzsche(尼采)when he was very young. Having never worked in the fields, Hua moved to Anjiang Town to support her 7.________ (son) research.
“Mom, the rice is ripe and I come back to Anjiang 8.________ (see) you. Every time when I 9.________ (be) able to deliver a speech to the audience from around the world or take a prize in my study, I always thought of you. You made me who I am. People say I’ve changed the world with a tiny rice seed，but I know you had planted the seed in me when I was 10．________ little boy, Mom. ”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了袁隆平写给母亲的信，信中介绍了母亲对他的影响，以及表达了他对母亲的思念之情。
1．in 考查介词。句意：在2010年，80岁的袁隆平写下一封信来纪念他的母亲，华静。in memory of为固定搭配，表示“纪念”。故填in。
2．named 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这封叫作“妈妈，稻子熟了”的信中，袁隆平回想起在湖南省中部的安江镇和其母亲在一起的日子，他的母亲于1989年埋葬在安江镇。分析句子结构可知，空格处作为非谓语动词用来修饰前面的letter，作定语。letter和动词name是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填named。
3．where 考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：同上题。分析句子结构可知，“ ________ his mother was buried in 1989”是定语从句，先行词是Anjiang Town，定语从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词。故填where。
4．your 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他写到，“我仍然记得我的儿子牵着你的手来帮你走过稻田。”根据后面的hands可知，空格处填形容词性物主代词，用来修饰hands。故填your。
5．wealthy 考查形容词。句意：华静出生在江苏省东部的扬州一个富有的家庭，她受到很好的教育并且思想开明。根据后面的family可知，空格处用形容词来修饰名词family。故填wealthy。
6．thoughts 考查名词的数。句意：她在袁隆平很小的时候，教袁隆平英语和尼采的思想。根据句意可知，空格处应用名词作teach的宾语。thought表示“思想”时是可数名词，应用复数形式。故填thoughts。
7．son’s 考查名词所有格。句意：华静从没下过田，她搬到安江镇来支持她的儿子的研究。根据句意可知，空格处表示“儿子的”，应用名词所有格。故填son’s。
8．to see 考查非谓语动词。句意：妈妈，大米熟了，我回安江来看你了。根据句意可知，空格处是非谓语动词，表示目的，应用动词不定式。故填to see。
9．was 考查系动词时态。句意：每次当我对世界各地的观众发表演讲时或者我的研究在获奖时，我总会想起你。根据句意和主句“I always thought of you”可知，句子表达的是过去的事，时态应用一般过去时。故填was。
10．a 考查冠词。句意：人们说我用小小的大米种子改变了世界，但是我知道，在我很小时你就在我内心种下了这颗种子，妈妈。根据下文“little boy”可知，此处表示泛指，且little的发音是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
Ⅱ．阅读理解
A
The annual marathon in my town occurred as scheduled. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance in case any of them needed medical attention. As the athletes began to pace themselves, the front runners started to disappear. It was then that my eyes were drawn to the woman in blue running shorts and a baggy white T-shirt.
I knew we were already watching our “last runner”. Her feet were turned in, yet her left knee was turned out. Her legs were so crippled and bent that it seemed impossible for her to walk, let alone run a marathon.
The driver and I watched in silence as she slowly moved forward. We would move forward a little bit, then stop and wait for her to gain some distance. Then we’d slowly move forward a little bit more. As I watched her struggle to put one foot in front of the other, I found myself breathing for her and urging her forward. I wanted her to stop, and at the same time, I prayed that she wouldn’t.
Finally, she was the only runner left in sight. I sat on the edge of my seat and watched with respect and amazement as she pushed forward with sheer determination through the last miles. When the finish line came into sight, the cheering crowds had long gone home. Yet, standing straight and proud waited a man. He was holding one end of a ribbon tied to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the ribbon fluttering(飘动) behind her.
I don’t know this woman’s name, but that day she became a part of my life — a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about beating the other runners or winning a prize. It was about finishing what she had set out to do. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I just-can’t-do-it”s, I think of the last runner. Then I realise how easy the task before me really is.
1．What words can best describe the woman
A．Proud and determined. B．Strong-willed and honourable.
C．Modest and courageous. D．Diligent and considerate.
2．What does the underlined word “crippled” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Disabled. B．Healthy.
C．Perfect. D．Strong.
3．What could be the best title for the text
A．A Humorous Stranger B．An Unforgettable Job
C．The Last Runner D．The Annual Marathon
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为工作人员参加马拉松比赛，目睹一位脚有问题的女性坚持跑完马拉松的过程。这个最后一位跑步者一直在激励作者以后生活的道路。
1．B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I sat on the edge of my seat and watched with respect and amazement as she pushed forward with sheer determination through the last miles. ”可知，作者坐在座位边上，带着敬意和惊讶看着她坚定地向前跑了最后几英里。由此可推知，作者认为，这个女人虽然脚有问题，但是意志坚强地走完了最后几英里，且她的行为也让作者一直铭记，成为作者生活的一部分。说明作者觉得这个有残疾的女人是值得尊敬的。故选B项。
2．A 词义猜测题。根据上文 “Her feet were turned in, yet her left knee was turned out. ”以及下文“…bent that it seemed impossible for her to walk, let alone run a marathon. ”可知，这个女人的腿弯曲，似乎不可能走路，更不用说跑马拉松了。由此可知，这个女人腿有残疾。画线单词意为“残疾的”。故选A项。
3．C 标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的 “When I think things are too difficult or I get those ’I just-can’t-do-it’s, I think of the last runner. Then I realize how easy the task before me really is (当我认为事情太困难或者我感到’我实在是做不来’的时候，我就会想到最后一个跑步者。然后我意识到我面前的任务是多么的简单). ”可知，本文主要讲述作者作为工作人员参加马拉松比赛，目睹一位脚有问题的女人坚持跑完马拉松的过程，并且这个最后一位跑步者一直激励作者以后生活的道路。所以C项“最后一位跑步者”适合作文章的最佳标题。故选C项。
B
The different parts of a health care system have different focuses. A hospital’s stroke(中风) unit monitors blood flow in the brain. The cardiac unit is interested in that same flow，but through and from the heart. Each collection of equipment and data is effective in its own field. Thus, like the story of blind men feeling an elephant，modern health care offers many separate pictures of a patient, but rarely a useful united one. On top of all this, the instruments that doctors use to monitor health are often expensive，as is the training required to use them. That combined cost is too high for the medical system to scan regularly, for early signs of illness, so patients are at risk of heart disease or a stroke.
An unusual research project called AlzEye，run by Moorfields Eye Hospital in London，in cooperation with University College, London(UCL), may change this . It is attempting to use the eye as a window through which signals about the health of other organs could be discovered. The doctors in charge of it，Siegfried Wagner and Pearse Keane，are studying Moorfields’ database of eye scans，which offers a detailed picture of the health of the retina(视网膜).
The project will go a step further：With the information about other aspects of patients’ health collected from other hospitals around England，doctors will be able to look for more accurate signs of disease through eye scans.
The Moorfields data set has lots of linked cases to work with — far more than any similar project. For instance, the UK Biobank，one of the world’s leading collections of medical data about individual people，contains 631 cases of a “major cardiac adverse event”. The Moorfields data contain about 12，000 such. The Biobank has data on about 1，500 stroke patients. Moorfields has 11，900．For the disease on which the Moorfields project will focus to start with dementia, the data set holds 15，100 cases. The only comparable study has 86.
Wagner and Keane are searching for patterns in the eye that show the emergence of disease elsewhere in the body. If such patterns could be recognized reliably，the potential impact would be huge.
4．Why does the author mention “the story of blind men feeling an elephant” in Para. 1
A．To claim the ineffectiveness of our health care system.
B．To tell the similarity in various health care units.
C．To explain the limitation of modern health care.
D．To show the complexity of patients’ pictures.
5．What does the underlined word “this” in Para. 2 refer to
A．The challenge of making advanced medical instruments.
B．The high risk of getting a heart disease or a stroke.
C．The inconvenience of modern health care service.
D．The incomplete and expensive health monitoring.
6．What can be inferred about the Moorfields’s project from Para. 5
A．It takes advantage of abundantly available medical data.
B．It makes the collection of medical data more convenient.
C．It improves the Moorfields’ competitiveness in the medical field.
D．It strengthens data sharing between the Moorfields and the Biobank.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个试图通过眼睛扫描信息来发现疾病早期迹象的研究项目。
4．C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“… modern health care offers many separate pictures of a patient, but rarely a useful united one(现代医疗保健提供了许多病人的单独照片，但很少是有用的一致的照片). ”可知，盲人摸象的例子是为了解释现代医疗检查很少能全面提供患者的整体情况，因此具有局限性。故选C项。
5．D 代词指代题。前两段主要讲了现代医疗检查的片面性以及高昂的费用。再结合画线词所在句句意：由伦敦Moorfields眼科医院与伦敦大学学院(UCL)合作经营的一个名为Alzeye的不寻常的研究项目可能会改变这一点”可推断，画线词this指代上文提到的不完整的和昂贵的健康监测。故选D项。
6．A 推理判断题。根据第四段列举的数据信息可知，世界上领先的个人医疗数据收集之一，包含631例“主要心脏不良事件”。 Moorfields的数据包含大约12 000个这样的数据。 生物库有大约1 500名中风患者的数据。 Moorfields有11 900例，Moorfields项目的重点从痴呆开始的疾病，数据集包含15 100例。 唯一可比的研究有86项。由此推断，Moorfields的项目较同类项目充分利用了更多现存的数据。故选A项。
Ⅲ．读后续写
It had been 5 years since Zahida’s husband passed away due to a heart attack. Every day，she buried herself in her embroidery(刺绣)，feeling her waist ache due to the long hours of work. She would grow tired faster these days.
The doorbell rang. Her son Aamer returned from the office. Entering the house，Aamer threw his bag at a sofa. “I have told you again and again not to throw things everywhere！” Zahida complained. “Mom, why do you find fault with unimportant things every day Boss at office, you at home… Oh so tiring！” Aamer slammed(砰地关上) the door to his room.
Such unpleasant exchanges always happened now. Zahida would often recall the days of Aamer’s childhood fondly，which would bring smile to her face. She could remember the days when the little Aamer had parted unwillingly on his first day to school or had shouted excitedly at spotting a sleepy bear during a visit to the zoo. Zahida wondered if Aamer could recollect these memories or had piled them in a forgotten corner of his mind.
Following a quiet dinner that night，Zahida happened to pass Aamer’s room. She could hear Aamer’s voice floating out. “Yes，yes … you do understand that she is a picky woman. She cannot adjust easily anywhere. You must take care of that…”
Zahida was caught by a sudden sense of anxiety. A few days ago，a neighbour’s children sent her neighbour off to an old age home. They were too busy to have time for the old woman. What did Aamer talk of Was she also…？ No，surely Aamer couldn’t be doing that. Zahida returned to bed.
“Please be sure to deliver the tickets for our trip to Egypt as soon as possible，” Aamer continued.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150词左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
A few days later，a postman rang the doorbell when Aamer was away for work. ________
________________________________________________________
One possible version：
A few days later, a postman rang the doorbell when Aamer was away for work. A big envelope was delivered to Aamer. Zahida could figure out a government seal on the envelope. Not trusting her fingers to tear open the envelope without harming the contents within and considering it as important, she placed it on the table. Aamer could check what was inside when he returned. Aamer, upon returning, spotted the envelope. Grabbing it swiftly, he began tearing it open, his eyes shining with excitement.
“Mom，here… Look what I’ve got in the envelope！”Aamer shouted with joy like a child. ____________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
“Mom, here … Look what I’ve got in the envelope！” Aamer shouted with joy like a child. Zahida took the contents from her son’s hands. It contained air tickets bearing her and Aamer’s names and some other documents. She looked up questioningly. “Oh, Mom. We are going on a trip to Egypt. Remember how you used to tell me bed-time tales of the ancient Egypt Let’s visit it for real this time. I know you are a little picky. I have taken care to get good accommodations in Cairo and …” Aamer went on and on talking while his mother smiled with a sense of happiness filling her heart.4UNIT 12 INNOVATION
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)Welcome to Amsterdam，welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical，sustainable and fun way to explore the city，with its beautiful canals，parks，squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2，500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations，we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety，including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车)，bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡)，bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Time Hand Brake，Three Gears Foot Brake，No Gears
1 hour 7.50 5.00
3 hours 11.00 7.50
1 day (24 hours) 14.75 9.75
Each additional day 8.00 6.00
Guided City Tours
The2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill，the Skinny Bridge，the Rijksmuseum，Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour，starting at 1：00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1．What is an advantage of MacBike
A．It gives children a discount.
B．It offers many types of bikes.
C．It organizes free cycle tours.
D．It has over 2，500 rental shops.
2．How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A．15.75． B．19.50.
C．22.75． D．29.50.
3．Where does the guided city tour start
A．The Gooyer，Windmill. B．The Skinny Bridge.
C．Heineken Brewery. D．Dam Square.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在Amsterdam进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式、价格等细节。
1．B 推理判断题。根据Why MacBike部分中的“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes(我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车). ”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要(14.75＋8)＝22.75欧元。故选C项。
3．D 细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1：00 pm every day. ”可知，行程是从Dam Square开始的。故选D项。
B
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)When John Todd was a child，he loved to explore the woods around his house，observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream，for example，often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older，John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in college，John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants，he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little，these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years，John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. ”
4．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone.
C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor.
5．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem.
C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine.
6．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A．To review John’s research plans.
B．To show an application of John’s idea.
C．To compare John’s different jobs.
D．To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7．What is the basis for John’s work
A．Nature can repair itself.
B．Organisms need water to survive.
C．Life on Earth is diverse.
D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学。他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
4．C 细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making(当John Todd还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，John Todd开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的脏物). ”以及第二段中的“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，John又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质)？”可知，John聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C项。
5．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. ”以及第四段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水). ”可知，John把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D项。
6．B 推理判断题。根据第五段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China(这些年来，John承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自South Burlington 1 600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁我国东南部城市福州的管道水). ”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示John想法的应用。故选B项。
7．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair’(’你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式’). ”可知，John工作的基础是大自然可以自我修复。故选A项。
C
(2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is，says Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts，a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills，environmental awareness，and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighbourhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful，dirt is awful, insects are awful. ” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes，at two middle schools and two high schools，include hands-on experiments such as soil testing，flower-and-seed dissection，tastings of fresh or dried produce，and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently，” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides，working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students，many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside，” she says，“and they feel successful. ”
8．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A．She used to be a health worker.
B．She grew up in a low-income family.
C．She owns a fast food restaurant.
D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
9．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A．The kids’ parents distrusted her.
B．Students had little time for her classes.
C．Some kids disliked garden work.
D．There was no space for school gardens.
10．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable.
C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life
C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在四所低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。
8．D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools(起初是这样的，Abby Jaramillo说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了Urban Sprouts学校花园项目). ”可知，Abby Jaramillo是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D项。
9．C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“…she says. ’They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful. ’ Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new(……她说。’他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。’虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西). ”可知，在项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C项。
10．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. ’They get outside，’ she says, ’and they feel successful’(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。’他们走了出去，’她说，’他们觉得成功’). ”可知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A项。
11．C 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles(起初是这样的，Abby Jaramillo说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了Urban Sprouts学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式). ”和最后一段中的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园). ”可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。由此推断，C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合题意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。
D
For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.
Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly.
For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let’s say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming(哼唱) a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine or point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.
Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights(聚光灯) are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.
12．What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD
A．It causes temporary hearing loss.
B．It slows down a running man.
C．It makes it easy to identify a suspect.
D．It keeps the suspect from hurting others.
13．What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share
A．They travel in circles.
B．They clear the atmosphere.
C．They can be transformed into energy.
D．They can be directed onto a specific area.
14．Directed sound can be used for ______ .
A．creative designs of restaurant menus
B．ideal sound effects on the theater stage
C．different choices of music for businesses
D．strict control over any suspicious customer
15．What does the passage focus on
A．How professionals invented sound products.
B．Inventions in the field of sound technology.
C．The growing interest in the study of sound.
D．How sound engineers work in their studios.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些声音技术领域的发明创造，包括声音可以用作武器的远程声学设备、用来阻止有害声音影响你的静音机以及定向音响技术。
12．A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly. ”可知，它发出震耳欲聋的声音，这种声音令人如此痛苦以至于它会使人暂时丧失能力。LRAD发出的噪音像光线一样被引导，只进入那个人的耳朵，但不会致命。由此可推知，LRAD会导致暂时性听力损失。故选A项。
13．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, a ’spotsound’ creates a circle of sound in one targeted area. ”可知，聚光灯只能照亮舞台的一个部分；类似地，一个“spotsound”在一个目标区域创建一个声音圈。由此可知，spotsounds和聚光灯的共同特性是它们可以被定向到一个特定的区域。故选D项。
14．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly，”spotsound“ creates a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choice on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. ”可知，聚光灯只能照亮舞台的一个部分；类似地，一个“spotsound”在一个目标区域创建一个声音圈。这对餐馆和商店等企业很有用，因为它提供了一种吸引顾客的新方式。餐厅可以提供音乐选择与菜单上的各种食物选择，让顾客更多地控制气氛，在他们用餐。由此可知，定向音响可以用于不同的商业音乐选择。故选C项。
15．B 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound. ”可知，在过去，音响工程师在录音室的密室工作，但今天的许多音响专业人士正在与其他领域的专业人士分享他们的知识和经验，以我们所谓的声音现象为基础创造新产品。结合下文具体内容可知，本文着重论述了声音技术领域的发明创造。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
(2023年全国甲卷)Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams，long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. __16__
In the Digital Age，we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience，we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. __17__ “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control，” said Ye Li，researcher at the University of California.
●Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time，but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. __18__ Put off watching your favourite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice，the more you start to apply it to other，more annoying situations.
● __19__
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone，we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “ __20__ ” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A．Find your causes.
B．Start with small tasks.
C．Accept the uncomfortable.
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry.
E．It can also help us practice more patience.
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.
G．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
16．G 根据上文的“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer(这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个). ”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，再结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知，都需要耐心。G项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心。”符合语境。故选G项。
17．E 根据上文的“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观). ”以及下文“’Showing thankfulness can foster self-control，’ said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：’表达感激可以培养自我控制能力’). ”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处。由此可知，此处继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E项中的“It”指代上文中的“Thankfulness”。E项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。”符合语境。故选E项。
18．B 根据上文的“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习). ”以及下文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake(把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕). ”可知，下文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待。B项“从小任务开始。”符合语境。故选B项。
19．C 根据空后的“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances(我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心). ”可知，本部分提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态。结合上文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本部分的主旨与接受不舒适相关。C项中的“uncomfortable”对应下文中的“comfortable”。C项“接受不舒服。”符合语境。故选C项。
20．F 根据上文的“You should learn to say to yourself…”以及下文中的“You’ll then gradually become more patient. ”可知，本部分主要说明的是不舒服的状态。由此可知，此处为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关。F项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受。”符合语境。故选F项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Danielle was living in a new city with no local bank of her own. She desperately needed to __21__ a bank to cash her paycheck. For more than two weeks, she made __22__ one after another but in vain.
Danielle decided to attend a meeting at the local women’s resource centre. The women there had been a strong source of encouragement since she came here. Sitting next to Danielle, Amy began to share the details of her __23__ situation. She was just days away from __24__ her home and her car. Her phone and electric services were both scheduled to be cancelled. Her husband had gambled away their money. She had nothing left.
As Amy described the situation, Danielle __25__ God’s soft whisper in her heart: “After the meeting, give Amy twenty dollars. ” Danielle immediately thought, “But I can’t. I only have forty dollars. ” She heard the __26__ again. Danielle knew she needed to follow. When the meeting __27__ , she __28__ her purse and quietly handed twenty dollars to Amy. Knowing Danielle’s situation, Amy was __29__ to accept it at first. But as a crowd of women __30__ to give Amy hugs of support, Danielle told her that God wanted her to have it. Then Danielle left.
With just twenty dollars left in her wallet, Danielle decided to try cashing her paycheck at just one more bank before __31__ home. She was __32__ filled with renewed confidence and optimism. She walked into the bank next to the women’s centre. Moments later, the bank __33__ her paycheck with no questions asked. Wearing a big smile, Danielle returned home.
Realising true hope has no __34__ , she continues to be __35__ for the lifetime supply that she received for just twenty dollars.
21．A．select B．find
C．consult D．search
22．A．decisions B．choices
C．appointments D．attempts
23．A．similar B．unique
C．desperate D．social
24．A．ruining B．leaving
C．missing D．losing
25．A．received B．found
C．heard D．felt
26．A．story B．advice
C．order D．voice
27．A．negotiated B．established
C．concluded D．threatened
28．A．reached into B．put away
C．gave out D．took on
29．A．unwilling B．anxious
C．eager D．embarrassed
30．A．intended B．approached
C．managed D．continued
31．A．leaving B．sailing
C．heading D．departing
32．A．anyhow B．somehow
C．therefore D．otherwise
33．A．counted B．checked
C．cashed D．tested
34．A．price B．cost
C．cause D．purpose
35．A．ready B．welcome
C．fortunate D．thankful
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Danielle的一段困难的经历。她曾经一直无法找到能够取钱的银行，所以过着困顿的生活。在当地一家妇女会参加活动时，Danielle听说了Amy的经历，将自己仅有的40美元分了一半给Amy，希望帮助更为困顿的Amy。在回家之前，她再次去银行试了一下兑现支票，结果成功了。Danielle意识到希望无价。
21．B 句意：她急需找一家银行兑现她的薪水。 select选择； find寻找； consult咨询； search搜寻。通过下文“to cash her paycheck”可知，她要找一家银行兑现。故选B项。
22．D 句意：两个多星期了，她去了一家又一家银行，但都是徒劳。 decisions决定； choices选择； appointments约会； attempts尝试。根据句意可知，此处是make attempts，“尝试(兑现)”。故选D项。
23．C 句意：坐在Danielle旁边的Amy开始详述她现在令人绝望的困境。 similar相似的； unique独特的； desperate令人绝望的； social社会的。根据下文中Amy快失去房子、车子，甚至连电话都快被停用了。由此可知，Amy处于很绝望的状态。故选C项。
24．D 句意：她还有几天就要失去房子和车子了。根据下文中她电话和用电即将被停用。由此可知她的窘境，而这一切的原因是她的丈夫把钱赌光了。此处表示“失去”房子和车子。故选D项。
25．C 句意：当Amy描述这一情况时，Danielle听到上帝在她心里轻声说：“集会结束后，给Amy 20美元。”根据下文的“whisper(耳语)”和第26空前的“heard”可知，此处表示“听到”。故选C项。
26．D 句意：她再次听到了这个声音。根据上文的whisper和引号里的内容可知，此处是声音。故选D项。
27．C 句意：当集会结束时，她把手伸进了钱包，平静地把20美元递给Amy。negotiate 协商； establish 建立； conclude 结束； threaten 威胁。根据文意可知，是在聚会“结束”的时候，Danielle给了Amy 20美元。故选C项。
28．A 句意：同上题。 reached into伸手去拿；put away收起来； gave out分发；took on承担。根据下文内容可知，她应当是从钱包里掏出20美元递给Amy。故选A项。
29．A 句意：Amy知道Danielle的处境，一开始并不愿意接受。 unwilling不情愿的； anxious焦虑的； eager渴望的； embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文内容可知，Amy知道Danielle的艰难，所以不愿接受她的钱。故选A项。
30．B 句意：但当一群女士走过来拥抱Amy支持她时，Danielle告诉她，上帝想让她拥有它。 intended意图； approached接近； managed管理； continued继续。根据句意可知，此处是人们走近。故选B项。
31．C 句意：钱包里只剩下20美元，Danielle决定在回家前再去一家银行支取现金。 leaving离开； sailing航行； heading朝……行进； departing出发。此处指回家前，所以是朝着家的方向行进。故选C项。
32．B 句意：不知怎么，她又恢复了信心和乐观。上文说到她已经失望了，但是后面又充满了信心，所以是不知怎么的。故选B项。
33．C 句意：过了一会儿，银行给她支取了现金，没有问任何问题。 counted数数； checked检查； cashed支付现金； tested测试。根据下文的“Wearing a big smile”可知，此处Danielle兑现支票成功了。故选C项。
34．A 句意：真正的希望是无价的，意识到这一点，她依旧感谢那段只有20美元的生活经历。 此处Danielle给了Amy希望，这是无法用价格衡量的。故选A项。
35．D 句意：同上题。根据语境可知，此处指Danielle感谢帮助他人给自己带来了收获。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
(2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings)，those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers，encasing hot， 36．________ (taste) soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favourite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one，you have to decide whether 37．________ (bite) a small hole in it first，releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出)， 38．________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 39．________ (recognise) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighbouring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup，and the wrappers are pressed 40．________ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside，the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them 41．________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42．________ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 43．________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot，clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them，one steamer is 44．________ (rare) enough，yet two seems greedy，so I am always left 45．________ (want) more next time.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包的美味、发源地以及制作方法，等等。
36．tasty 考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，因此空格处需用tasty表示“美味的”作定语。故填tasty。
37．to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆发。decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语。空格处与后面“to put”并列作宾语。故填to bite。
38．or 考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆发。whether … or … 表示“是……还是……”，为固定搭配。故填or。
39．recognised 考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格处在名词home前面作定语，动词recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语。recognized表示“被公认的”，也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
40．by 考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand表示“用手”是固定搭配。故填by。
41．to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据固定搭配allow sb to do sth. 表示“允许某人做某事”可知，空格处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。动词lift与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格处需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
42．their 考查代词。句意：同上题。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
43．a 考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的、清澈的、美味的。a touch of 表示“一点点；稍许”，为常用搭配。touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
44．rarely 考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely表示“少有”。故填rarely。
45．wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上题。分析句子结构可知，空格处考查“leave sb＋宾语补足语”。本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
中国汉字博大精深，它有着多种造字方法以及丰富的寓意。假定你是李华，请你写一封英语书信，向你的笔友Mark介绍你最喜欢的一个汉字，聊聊它的构成、含义以及你最喜欢它的原因。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mark，
How are you these days？ ____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Mark，
How are you these days？ Recently, I’ve done some research on Chinese characters. As a unique part of Chinese culture, they have a long history and there are various ways of creating new characters and expressing plentiful meanings. Here I’d like to introduce my favourite Chinese character to you.
It is the character “想” that I am talking about, which consists of two parts. “相” is the sound element, while “心” indicates “thought” and “emotion”. In addition to the structure of the character, what attracts me most is its abundant meanings such as “missing” “thought” and “imagination”， enabling people to express different meanings appropriately according to the contexts. So having a good command of Chinese characters can help you understand Chinese culture profoundly.
If you have any interest in knowing more about Chinese characters, just let me know.
Best wishes！
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my husband Randy died in late fall，deciding what to do with his garden was way down on the list of necessary tasks. During the first few months，I cried with our children，planned a memorial，cried with my family，celebrated a quiet Thanksgiving，and panicked over not having bought Christmas presents.
As the calendar turned to a new year，the often rainy days and long nights deepened my sorrow. I found myself exhausted at the end of February, both physically and mentally.
Then the daffodils bloomed(开花) in the garden.
Years before, Randy had planted dozens of these lemon-yellow flowers. To him, they served as a reminder of hope，a promise that light and warmth would soon replace cold and dark. Looking at those daffodils, I thought about how Randy had considered our garden a living work of art, carefully choosing plants so we’d see new blooms every month.
Then I noticed all the weeds that had taken root and spread everywhere. The neglect(疏于打理) showed, for Randy’s illness had lasted a couple of years, a time when he didn’t have energy for yard work the way he had before.
Faced with the neglected garden，I felt overwhelmed in the beginning. My daughters suggested I hire a service to clean everything up. I didn’t respond.
Every time I sat in the garden alone，the memories of the lively garden came flooding，like the numerous scenes in an unforgettable film. Many days Randy came home from work，changed into old clothes，and headed out the door to mow or prune(修剪). Orange dragonflies followed him around the yard as he worked. Honeybees buzzed among the flowers，birds sang beautiful songs，and gentle breezes carried the sweet smell of dirt. No matter how cold or wet it was，the fresh air and physical activity made him energized and refreshed. For Randy，the work was quiet and comforting, which was a relief, as well as a pleasure.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
The days grew warmer and lighter, and I started the work myself. _______________________ ___________________________________________________________
One possible version：
The days grew warmer and lighter, and I started the work myself. I realised I need to take care of the garden just like what Randy did before. Randy used to treat the garden as a living work of art. If he were alive, he wouldn’t be happy to see the garden in a mess. Therefore, I needed to take care of the garden just like what Randy did. I started weeding, watering and looking after the daffodils. It seemed like to me working in the garden was a way to commemorate Randy.
Weeks later，my daughter returned to visit me. __________________________________ ________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Weeks later, my daughter returned to visit me. She was very surprised at what she saw. Orange dragonflies were flying around the yard. Honeybees buzzed among the flowers and birds sang beautiful songs. She used to be worried I would be in a bad mood. But now she realised everything was in a good order. Seeing this, she said it looks as if her father was always with us.
