专题03-冠词
中考英语知识清单(通用版)
目录
1.不定冠词: 1
2.定冠词: 2
3.零冠词: 3
4.牛刀小试 5
1.不定冠词:
不定冠词包括a/an,用于泛指,意为同类事物中的“某一个”,或者单纯强调数量“一”。,意思相当于one, 很多情况下可以译成“一”、“每”,但是不像one一样强调数量,有时可以不译出。
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;
an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。
如:
We saw a good film last night.
昨晚我们看了一部好电影。
Please give me an apple.
请给我一个苹果。
不定冠词的用法:
1)表示一类人或者一类事物中的一个。
如:
He’s an English teacher.
他是个英语老师。
2)泛指某人或某物,但不具体说明是何人或何物。
如:
A girl is waiting for you at the school gate.
一个女孩在校门口等你。
3) 用在事物的单位,如时间、速度、价格等前,表示“每一”。
如:
-How much are the oranges
桔子多少钱?
-Two yuan a kilo.
每公斤两元。
4) 用在某一些固定搭配的短语中。
如:
a lot of 许多 a little/ a few 一点
after a while 一会儿 in a hurry 匆忙地
have a look 看一看 have a good time 玩得高兴 have a cold 感冒
2.定冠词:
定冠词the主要对后面的名词起限定作用,“特指”是它的主要功能。
定冠词的用法:
1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。
如:
The apple on the plate is for you.
盘子里的苹果是你的。
2) 说话双方都知道的人或者事物。
如:
Please go and close the door.
请过去把门关上。
3) 指上文刚提到的人或物。
如:
I found a picture in the box. The picture was very beautiful.
我在箱子里发现了一幅画。那幅画非常美丽。
4) 用在世界上独一无二的事物前面。
如:
The sun is bigger than the moon.
太阳比月亮大。
5) 用在序数词和形容词的最高级前面。
如:
You are the best student in our school.
你是我们学校最好的。
Don’t put off what you should do to the last second.
不要把该做的事拖到最后时刻。
6) 与单数名词连用,表示某类人或事物。
如:
The tiger is a fierce animal.
老虎是一种凶猛的动物。
7) 用在演奏的乐器名称和文艺活动场所前。
如:
The little girl likes playing the violin.
那个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。
8) 用在某一些固定搭配的习惯用语中。
如:
in the morning 在上午 by the way 顺便说一下
at the same time 同时 in the middle of 在……中间
make the bed 铺床 all the time 一直
3.零冠词:
零冠词的用法:
1) 物质名词表示泛指时不用冠词。
如:
Wood can be used to make paper.
木材可以用来造纸。
2)抽象名词表示一种概念时不用冠词。
如:
Music is a language which can bring people pleasure.
音乐是一种能给人们带来快乐的语言。
3) 表示国名、地名、人名、城市、街道和字首为Mount的山及大多数湖泊的专有名词前不用冠词,
如:
China,Mary,Mount Tai。
4)四季、月份、节假日、日期和星期等名词前不用冠词。
如:
They will have a football match on Friday.
星期五他们将有一场足球赛。
注意:当谈论具体的季节、日期和中国传统节日时常用定冠词。
如:
I don’t like the spring of Beijing. It’s too sandy.
我不喜欢北京的春天,沙尘太多了。
5) 一日三餐、球类运动前不用冠词。
如:
My brother is playing basketball with his friends now.
我弟弟正在和朋友们打篮球。
6) 表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词。
如:
Physics is more popular than any other subject in our school.
我们学校物理比其他学科更受欢迎。
7)名词复数表示一类人或事物不用冠词。
如:
Pandas are very lovely animals.
熊猫是很可爱的动物。
8) 某些习惯用语中不用冠词。
如:
at school 在校学习 in hospital 住院
go to bed 上床睡觉 face to face 面对面
on foot 步行 by bus 乘公共汽车
4.牛刀小试
1.(2022·湖北·阳新县富川中学模拟预测)A little boy wrote________ “u” and________ “h” on the wall.(原创)
A.a,an B.an,a C.a,a D.an,the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:一个小男孩在墙上写了一个“u”和一个“h”。考查冠词用法。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表示特指。根据句意可知,译为“一……”,且“u”以辅音音素/j/开头,而“h”以元音音素/e /开头,故选A。
2.(2022·山东济南·模拟预测)—What do you eat for lunch
—I usually eat ________ hamburger.
A./ B.an C.the D.a
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你午餐吃什么?——我通常吃汉堡包。考查冠词用法。根据“I usually eat...hamburger.”可知此处是泛指一个汉堡包,且hamburger是一个首字母发辅音音素的单词,用a修饰,故选D。
3.(2022·吉林省第二实验学校模拟预测)Bob wants to be ________ astronaut like the heroes of Shenzhou XIV spaceship.
A.an B.a C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:鲍勃想成为一名像神舟十四号飞船上的英雄那样的宇航员。考查不定冠词。an泛指一个,用在以元音音素开头的词前;a泛指一个,用在以辅音音素开头的词前;the特指,指已提到或易领会到的人或事物;/不填。根据短语“want to be a/an+单数名词”想要成为一名……,因“astronaut”是以元音音素/ /开头。故选A。
4.(2022·湖北·黄石市有色中学模拟预测)John said he would pay ________ second visit to China ________ next month.
A.the; / B.the; the C.a; the D.a; /
【答案】C
【详解】句意:约翰说他将在下个月再次访问中国。考查冠词。根据“pay...second visit”可知是再次访问中国,表示“再一次,又一次”用结构“a/an+序数词”,排除AB;根据“John said he would pay...”可知句子使用过去时态,时间状语用the next month“下个月”。故选C。
5.(2022·云南·盈江县教育体育局教育科研中心模拟预测)My parents ask me to be ________ honest student today and ________ useful man tomorrow.
A.a; a B.an; a C.an; the D.the; /
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我父母要求我今天做一个诚实的学生,明天做一个有用的人。考查冠词用法。两个空处都是表示泛指,第一空后的honest是以元音音素开头的单词,用an修饰;第二空后的useful是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a修饰,故选B。
6.(2022·云南普洱·模拟预测)— Peter, you have worked for three hours without a break.
— I need useful idea for my design, so I’m searching for some information.
A.an B.a C.the D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——彼得,你已经连续工作了三个小时了。——我需要一个对我的设计有用的想法,所以我正在搜索一些信息。考查冠词的用法。根据“I need…useful idea for my design”可知,此处“useful idea”表示泛指,因此用不定冠词,“useful”是以辅音音素开头的单词,因此用“a”。故选B。
7.(2022·黑龙江·哈尔滨市星光中学校一模)Boys and girls, please treat this exam with________usual mind. Read every sentence carefully and you’re sure to get good grades.
A.the B.a C.an
【答案】B
【详解】句意:同学们,请用平常的心态对待这次考试。仔细阅读每句话,你一定会取得好成绩。考查冠词。the定冠词,表示特指;a/an不定冠词,表示泛指,意为“一”,a用在辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在元音音素开头的单词前。根据后空后“mind”可知,指“心,头脑,心胸”,可数名词,结合句意可知这里是表示泛指,名词是单数,用不定冠词;又因为“usual”是辅音音素开头的单词,用a。故选B。
8.(2022·江苏扬州·二模)You’ll be a hero if you are in ________ position of ________ doctor.
A.a; a B.a; the C.the; a D.the; the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果你处于医生的地位,你将是一个英雄。考查冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指;the冠词,常用来表特指。根据“you are in...position ”可知,第一空应用the表特指,指在医生的位置;第二空应用a表泛指,指一个医生。故选C。
9.(2022·广西·环江毛南族自治县教育局二模)I am going to buy __________ useful book. And __________ book is on science.
A.a; the B.an; a C.the; a D./; the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他打算买一本有用的书。这本书是关于科学的。考查冠词。第一空泛指一本有用的书,应用不定冠词,useful是辅音音素开头的单词,用a修饰;第二空是特指前面提到的这本书,应用定冠词the,故选A。
10.(2022·浙江温州·中考真题)Ben watched Tom and Jerry yesterday. ________ cartoon made him laugh.
A.A B.An C.The D./
【答案】C
【详解】句意:本昨天看了《汤姆和杰瑞》。 这部卡通片使他笑了。 考查冠词辨析。此空特指前文提到的《汤姆和杰瑞》这部卡通片,用冠词the表特指,故选C。
11.(2022·吉林省第二实验学校模拟预测)I usually have ________ quick breakfast in the morning so I always have a stomachache.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我通常吃早餐吃得很快,所以我总是胃疼。考查冠词用法。a不定冠词,表示泛指,用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表示泛指,用在以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表示特指;/零冠词。have breakfast“吃早餐”,形容词quick修饰名词breakfast,此处表示泛指,quick首字母发音为辅音,所以空处使用冠词a。故选A。
12.(2022·云南昆明·模拟预测)China has been developing faster and faster these years. It’s known to all that Chinese is ________ useful language and it’s also ________ important subject.
A.an; an B.a; an C.a; a D.an; a
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中国这些年正发展得越来越快。众所周知汉语是一门有用的语言并且也是一个重要的科目。考查不定冠词辨析。a一,用在辅音音素开头的单词前;an一,用在元音音素开头的单词前。useful“有用的”,以辅音音素开头,所以第一空使用a;important“重要的”,以元音音素开头,所以第二空使用an。故选B。
13.(2022·重庆·中考真题)There is ________ bank across from the hospital.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:医院对面有一家银行。考查冠词。此处泛指“一家银行”,bank以辅音音素开头,其前用不定冠词a。故选A。
14.(2022·内蒙古包头·模拟预测)Taylor is ________ American superstar and he can play ________ guitar very well.
A.an; the B.an; a C.the; a D.the; the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:泰勒是美国的超级巨星,他吉他弹得很好。考查冠词辨析。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前;an用于以元音音素开头的单词或字母前;the常用来表特指。根据“American superstar”可知,第一空表泛指,American发音以元音音素开头,其前用不定冠词an;play the guitar“弹吉他”,用定冠词;故选A。
15.(2022·广西梧州·二模)— Look! Jessie. There is a rabbit over there.
— Oh, ________ rabbit looks very cute.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——看!杰西。那边有一只兔子。——哦,兔子看起来很可爱。考查冠词用法。a一个,修饰以辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,修饰以元音音素开头的单词;the表示特指;/零冠词。上文提到过rabbit,此处再一次提到rabbit,应用定冠词the修饰,故选C。
16.(2022·广西贺州·模拟预测)I want to be _______ scientist like Tu Youyou in the future.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我将来想成为像屠呦呦那样的科学家。考查冠词的用法。空处泛指一位像屠呦呦那样的科学家,且“scientist”是以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。故选A。
17.(2021·四川巴中·中考真题)An apple a day keeps ________ doctor away.
A.a B.the C.an D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:一天一苹果,医生远离我。考查冠词辨析。定冠词the常用来表特指;不定冠词泛指 “一个”,不定冠词a用于以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前,an用于以元音音素开头的单词或字母前。根据“keeps...doctor away.”结合语境可知,此处是特指“doctor”,用定冠词the。故选B。
18.(2022·甘肃定西·二模)It took us half ________ hour to finish the letter.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们花了半个小时才写完这封信。考查冠词使用。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词或字母前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词或字母前;the定冠词,表特指。空处表示泛指,且hour以元音音素开头,故应用an。故选B。
19.(2022·四川·密地外国语三模)________ President Xi Jinping praised China’s generation born in ________ 1990s for their dedication(贡献) in the fight against the novel coronavirus outbreak.
A.the; the B./; the C./; / D.The; /
【答案】B
【详解】句意:习近平主席赞扬了中国20世纪90年代出生的一代人在抗击新型冠状病毒疫情中的献身精神。考查冠词。根据“President Xi Jinping”可知,在头衔、职务之前不用加冠词;根据“in …1990s”可知,此处指20世纪90年代,需要使用定冠词the。故选B。
20.(2022·江苏连云港·中考真题)Me and My Winter Games is ________ interesting film. It’s a gift for Beijing 2022.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:《我和我的冬奥》是一部有趣的电影。这是北京2022年的一份礼物。
考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一部电影,用不定冠词修饰,“interesting”首字母发元音音素,故选B。
21.(2022·四川达州·中考真题)Natalia, ________ exchange student from Spain, is ________ university student in Sichuan now.
A.a; an B.an; the C.an; a D.a; the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:Natalia是来自西班牙的交换生,现在是四川的一名大学生。考查冠词的用法。两处均表示泛指。用不定冠词修饰,第一处“exchange”首字母发元音音素,“university”首字母发辅音音素。故选C。
22.(2022·广西贺州·中考真题)She often plays ________ chess on weekends.
A.an B.a C.the D./
【答案】D
【详解】句意:她经常周末下国际象棋。考查冠词。play chess“下国际象棋”,表示棋类的名词前不加冠词。故选D。
23.(2022·贵州黔东南·二模)Bing Dwen Dwen, ________ cute mascot (吉祥物) of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, is ________ ice-glazed panda with a high sense of science and technology.
A.an; the B.the; an C.a; the D.the; a
【答案】B
【详解】句意:冰墩墩,北京2022年冬奥会的可爱吉祥物,是一只有着高度科技感的冰釉熊猫。考查冠词辨析。the表示特指;a表示泛指,一,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an表示泛指,一,用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics”可知特指北京冬奥会的吉祥物,用定冠词the;第二个空,泛指一只熊猫,且ice-glazed“冰釉的”以元音音素开头,应用an修饰。 故选B。
24.(2022·辽宁·丹东市第十九中学二模) ________ houses in this small mountain village brought ________ unusual feeling to me
A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.A, an
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个小山村的房子给我带来了一种不寻常的感觉。考查冠词。a不定冠词,修饰辅音音素开头的单词;an不定冠词,修饰元音音素开头的单词;the定冠词,表示特指;“in this small mountain village”是对名词“village”的限定,应用定冠词the;第二空表示泛指“一种感觉”,应用不定冠词,“unusual”是元音音素开头的单词,应用an修饰,故选A。
25.(2022·西藏·谢通门县中学二模)Li Lei likes playing ________ piano, but he doesn’t like playing ________ chess.
A.the; the B.the; / C./; the D./; /
【答案】B
【详解】句意:李雷喜欢弹钢琴,但他不喜欢下棋。考查冠词。a/an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的“一个 、一名”,表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前;the 是定冠词,表特指,放在可数名词和不可数名词。因play the +乐器,在乐器前必须加定冠词the ,因此“弹钢琴”可翻译为“play the piano”;play+体育项目(球类、棋类、牌类),中间不加任何成分,下象棋可翻译为“play chess”,故选B。
26.(2022·贵州黔西·中考真题)Dinner will be served in ________ hour. Would you have a drink first
A.不填 B.the C.an D.a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:晚餐一小时后供应。你先喝点东西好吗?考查冠词用法。此处是指一个小时,应用不定冠词,且hour是一个以元音音素开头的单词,应用an修饰,故选C。
27.(2022·四川遂宁·中考真题)There is ________ useful robot in the restaurant near my home. It can serve food to customers.
A.an B.the C.a D./
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在我家附近的餐厅里有一个很有用的机器人。它可以为顾客提供食物。
考查冠词辨析。an一个,泛指,用于元音音素前;the指已提到或易领会到的人或事物;a一个,泛指,用于辅音音素前;/不填。此处表示“一个有用的机器人”,表泛指,且useful是以辅音音素开头,故选C。
28.(2022·吉林· 模拟预测)—Look! The sky is clear and blue.
—Yes. I have never seen ________ more beautiful sky since the epidemic(疫情).
A.a B.the C.an D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——看!天空清澈湛蓝。——是的。自从疫情爆发以来,我从未见过如此美丽的天空。考查冠词。此处是泛指一个美丽的天空,且more是以辅音音素开头,用a修饰,故选A。
29.(2022·甘肃省庆城县凤城初级中学模拟预测)— Where can I find Jack
— He is playing ________ volleyball in the gym now.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我在哪里可以找到杰克? ——现在他正在体育馆打排球。考查零冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指;/零冠词。句中空格后为“volleyball”,在和“play”连用构成短语“play volleyball”时,中间不需要冠词,故选D。
30.(2022·吉林吉林·一模)—Do you often play ________ tennis after school
—No, I don’t like it. I often play ________ guitar.
A.a; the B.the; / C./; the D.the; the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——放学后你经常打网球吗?——不,我不喜欢。我经常弹吉他。考查冠词的用法。a不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前; the定冠词,表示特指。play后接球类运动,不加冠词;后接西洋乐器,要加定冠词the。故选C。
31.(2022·吉林·东北师大附中明珠学校模拟预测)Tony was very upset that he got________ F in the listening test.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:托尼很沮丧,因为他在听力测试中得了F。考查冠词。a不定冠词,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词。此处指“得了一个F的成绩”,应用不定冠词,且F发音以元音音素开头,其前应加不定冠词an。故选B。
32.(2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题)Mr. Li is ________ doctor. He is busy when he works.
A.a B.an C.the D.不填
【答案】A
【详解】句意:李先生是一名医生。他工作的时候很忙。考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一名医生,doctor首字母发辅音音素,故选A。
33.(2022·广西梧州·中考真题)Zhang Guimei is ________ kind teacher.
A.the B.a C.an D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:张桂梅是一位善良的老师。考查冠词。此处泛指“一个善良的老师”,kind以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。故选B。
34.(2022·山东济南·模拟预测)Emma wants to be ________ teacher, so she studies hard every day.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:艾玛想做一名老师,所以她每天都努力学习。考查冠词用法。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词或字母前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词或字母前;the定冠词,表特指。空处表泛指,teacher发音以辅音音素开头,故选A。
35.(2022·广西玉林·中考真题)—Huang Wenxiu is ________ good model of the new age.
—She was great! People all over _________ country should learn from her.
A.a; / B.an; the C.a; the D.an; a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——黄文秀是新时代的好榜样。——她非常好!全国人民都应该向她学习。考查冠词。空格一处泛指“一个好榜样”,good以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a;all over the country“全国”,固定用法。故选C。
36.(2022·江苏扬州·中考真题)China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since ________ late 1970s, according to ________ World Bank.
A.a; a B.the; the C.a; the D.the; a
【答案】B
【详解】句意:据世界银行称,自20世纪70年代后期以来,中国已帮助消除了全球70%的贫困人口。考查冠词。空格一处表示年代,用“the+年份复数”,表示“在几世纪几十年代”,排除AC;World Bank“世界银行”是专用名词,前加定冠词the。故选B。
37.(2022·广西河池·中考真题)It’s a nice day today! Let’s go for ________ walk.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:今天天气真好!我们去散步吧。考查冠词辨析。go for a walk“去散步”,固定搭配,故选A。
38.(2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题)My uncle has ________ good habit of swimming every day.
A.an B.the C.a D./
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我的叔叔有每天游泳的好习惯。考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一个习惯,good首字母发辅音音素,故选C。
39.(2022·辽宁营口·中考真题)—Confucius was ________ great teacher and thinker.
—Yes, we’re still influenced by his ideas today.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——孔子是一位伟大的老师和思想家。——是的,我们今天仍然受到他的思想的影响。考查冠词的用法。不定冠词a /an 表示泛指,意为“一”,其中a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前;定冠词the表示特指,或者是同一事物第二次提到时用the;/表示零冠词。根据“Confucius”和“great teacher and thinker”可知,此处表示泛指,且great的发音是以辅音音素开头的,用不定冠词a。故选A。
40.(2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题)My hometown is _______ beautiful city in ________ west of Liaoning Province.
A.the; a B.a; the C.a; a D.the; the
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的家乡是在辽宁省西部的一个漂亮城市。考查冠词。the指已提到或易领会到的人或事物;a用于辅音音素开头的词前, 用来表示不特定的人或事物;an用于元音音素开头的词前,用来表示不特定的人或事物。city为可数名词的单数形式,其前用应不定冠词表泛指,beautiful是辅音音素开头的单词,因此不定冠词用a。west表示地点,前其应用定冠词the,特指辽宁省西部。故选B。
41.(2022·江苏镇江·中考真题)The 2022 Winter Olympics impressed me a lot, and _______ moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved me the most.
A.a B.an C.the D.不填
【答案】C
【详解】句意:2022年冬奥会给我留下了深刻的印象,而徐梦桃夺得金牌的那一刻最让我感动。考查冠词。根据“moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved me the most.”可知此处是特指徐梦桃夺得金牌的那一刻,应用定冠词the,故选C。
42.(2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题)Judy read ________ unusual report from Kaili Evening on June 10. ________ report was about the doctors and nurses assisting(援助)Shanghai in the fight against COVID-19.
A.a; A B.an; The C.a; The D.an; An
【答案】B
【详解】句意:6月10日,朱迪读了《凯里晚报》一篇不同寻常的报道。 该报道是关于医生和护士协助上海抗击新冠肺炎疫情的。考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词或字母前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词或字母前;the定冠词,表特指。第一空表示“一篇不同寻常的报道”,表泛指,且unusual是以元音音素开头的,故第一空填an。第二空特指前文提到的report,故第二空应填冠词the,故选B。
43.(2022·贵州毕节·中考真题)Would you like to go to the open-air concert at school It’ll start in ________ hour and ________ half.
A.an; an B.a; an C.an; a D.a; a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你想去学校的露天音乐会吗 一个半小时后开始。 考查冠词辨析。hour是以元音音素开头的,所以第一空填an;half是以辅音音素开头的,故第二空填a,故选C。
44.(2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题)—What’s your dream, Lingling
—I’m going to be ______ excellent teacher like Zhang Guimei.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——玲玲,你的梦想是什么?——我要成为像张桂梅一样优秀的老师。
考查冠词。此处泛指“一名老师”,且excellent以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故选B。
45.(2022·湖北十堰·中考真题)—What does your father do
—He is ________ cook.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你父亲是做什么的?——他是一名厨师。考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一名厨师,用不定冠词修饰,cook首字母发辅音音素,故选A。
46.(2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题)My brother often plays ________ football with his classmates after school.
A.a B.an C./ D.the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我哥哥经常放学后和他的同学踢足球。 考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词,常用在辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,常用在元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词。球类运动前不加任何冠词,play football“踢足球”,故选C。
47.(2022·新疆·中考真题)—Are you free on weekends
—Yes, I am going to have ________ picnic on ________ Sunday.
A.the; an B.a; the C.a; / D.an; /
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你周末有时间吗?——是的,星期天我要去野餐。考查冠词。have a picnic“野餐”,固定用法;on Sunday“在周日”,星期前不加冠词。故选C。
48.(2022·天津·中考真题)After ________ school, I bought ________ present for my mother.
A./; a B.a; / C.a; the D.the; /
【答案】A
【详解】句意:放学后,我给妈妈买了一件礼物。 考查冠词辨析。after school“放学后”,固定搭配,故第一空不填。第二空指“一份礼物”,表泛指,且present是以辅音音素开头的单词,应填a,故选A。
49.(2022·云南·中考真题)— What are you going to be when you grow up, Lily
— I’m going to be ________ astronaut like Wang Yaping.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——Lily,你长大了要做什么?——我要像王亚平一样成为一名宇航员。
考查冠词辨析。此处表示“一名宇航员”,表泛指,且astronaut是以元音音素开头的,故选B。
50.(2022·甘肃定西·中考真题)I just bought a new shirt. ________ shirt was pretty expensive.
A.A B.An C.The D./
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我刚刚买了一件新衬衫。这件新衬衫相当贵。考查冠词用法。此空特指前文提到的这件衬衫,用the表特指,故选C。
1专题03-冠词
中考英语知识清单(通用版)
目录
1.不定冠词: 1
2.定冠词: 2
3.零冠词: 3
4.牛刀小试 5
1.不定冠词:
不定冠词包括a/an,用于泛指,意为同类事物中的“某一个”,或者单纯强调数量“一”。,意思相当于one, 很多情况下可以译成“一”、“每”,但是不像one一样强调数量,有时可以不译出。
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;
an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。
如:
We saw a good film last night.
昨晚我们看了一部好电影。
Please give me an apple.
请给我一个苹果。
不定冠词的用法:
1)表示一类人或者一类事物中的一个。
如:
He’s an English teacher.
他是个英语老师。
2)泛指某人或某物,但不具体说明是何人或何物。
如:
A girl is waiting for you at the school gate.
一个女孩在校门口等你。
3) 用在事物的单位,如时间、速度、价格等前,表示“每一”。
如:
-How much are the oranges
桔子多少钱?
-Two yuan a kilo.
每公斤两元。
4) 用在某一些固定搭配的短语中。
如:
a lot of 许多 a little/ a few 一点
after a while 一会儿 in a hurry 匆忙地
have a look 看一看 have a good time 玩得高兴 have a cold 感冒
2.定冠词:
定冠词the主要对后面的名词起限定作用,“特指”是它的主要功能。
定冠词的用法:
1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。
如:
The apple on the plate is for you.
盘子里的苹果是你的。
2) 说话双方都知道的人或者事物。
如:
Please go and close the door.
请过去把门关上。
3) 指上文刚提到的人或物。
如:
I found a picture in the box. The picture was very beautiful.
我在箱子里发现了一幅画。那幅画非常美丽。
4) 用在世界上独一无二的事物前面。
如:
The sun is bigger than the moon.
太阳比月亮大。
5) 用在序数词和形容词的最高级前面。
如:
You are the best student in our school.
你是我们学校最好的。
Don’t put off what you should do to the last second.
不要把该做的事拖到最后时刻。
6) 与单数名词连用,表示某类人或事物。
如:
The tiger is a fierce animal.
老虎是一种凶猛的动物。
7) 用在演奏的乐器名称和文艺活动场所前。
如:
The little girl likes playing the violin.
那个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。
8) 用在某一些固定搭配的习惯用语中。
如:
in the morning 在上午 by the way 顺便说一下
at the same time 同时 in the middle of 在……中间
make the bed 铺床 all the time 一直
3.零冠词:
零冠词的用法:
1) 物质名词表示泛指时不用冠词。
如:
Wood can be used to make paper.
木材可以用来造纸。
2)抽象名词表示一种概念时不用冠词。
如:
Music is a language which can bring people pleasure.
音乐是一种能给人们带来快乐的语言。
3) 表示国名、地名、人名、城市、街道和字首为Mount的山及大多数湖泊的专有名词前不用冠词,
如:
China,Mary,Mount Tai。
4)四季、月份、节假日、日期和星期等名词前不用冠词。
如:
They will have a football match on Friday.
星期五他们将有一场足球赛。
注意:当谈论具体的季节、日期和中国传统节日时常用定冠词。
如:
I don’t like the spring of Beijing. It’s too sandy.
我不喜欢北京的春天,沙尘太多了。
5) 一日三餐、球类运动前不用冠词。
如:
My brother is playing basketball with his friends now.
我弟弟正在和朋友们打篮球。
6) 表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词。
如:
Physics is more popular than any other subject in our school.
我们学校物理比其他学科更受欢迎。
7)名词复数表示一类人或事物不用冠词。
如:
Pandas are very lovely animals.
熊猫是很可爱的动物。
8) 某些习惯用语中不用冠词。
如:
at school 在校学习 in hospital 住院
go to bed 上床睡觉 face to face 面对面
on foot 步行 by bus 乘公共汽车
4.牛刀小试
1.(2022·湖北·阳新县富川中学模拟预测)A little boy wrote________ “u” and________ “h” on the wall.(原创)
A.a,an B.an,a C.a,a D.an,the
2.(2022·山东济南·模拟预测)—What do you eat for lunch
—I usually eat ________ hamburger.
A./ B.an C.the D.a
3.(2022·吉林省第二实验学校模拟预测)Bob wants to be ________ astronaut like the heroes of Shenzhou XIV spaceship.
A.an B.a C.the D./
4.(2022·湖北·黄石市有色中学模拟预测)John said he would pay ________ second visit to China ________ next month.
A.the; / B.the; the C.a; the D.a; /
5.(2022·云南·盈江县教育体育局教育科研中心模拟预测)My parents ask me to be ________ honest student today and ________ useful man tomorrow.
A.a; a B.an; a C.an; the D.the; /
6.(2022·云南普洱·模拟预测)— Peter, you have worked for three hours without a break.
— I need useful idea for my design, so I’m searching for some information.
A.an B.a C.the D./
7.(2022·黑龙江·哈尔滨市星光中学校一模)Boys and girls, please treat this exam with________usual mind. Read every sentence carefully and you’re sure to get good grades.
A.the B.a C.an
8.(2022·江苏扬州·二模)You’ll be a hero if you are in ________ position of ________ doctor.
A.a; a B.a; the C.the; a D.the; the
9.(2022·广西·环江毛南族自治县教育局二模)I am going to buy __________ useful book. And __________ book is on science.
A.a; the B.an; a C.the; a D./; the
10.(2022·浙江温州·中考真题)Ben watched Tom and Jerry yesterday. ________ cartoon made him laugh.
A.A B.An C.The D./
11.(2022·吉林省第二实验学校模拟预测)I usually have ________ quick breakfast in the morning so I always have a stomachache.
A.a B.an C.the D./
12.(2022·云南昆明·模拟预测)China has been developing faster and faster these years. It’s known to all that Chinese is ________ useful language and it’s also ________ important subject.
A.an; an B.a; an C.a; a D.an; a
13.(2022·重庆·中考真题)There is ________ bank across from the hospital.
A.a B.an C.the D./
14.(2022·内蒙古包头·模拟预测)Taylor is ________ American superstar and he can play ________ guitar very well.
A.an; the B.an; a C.the; a D.the; the
15.(2022·广西梧州·二模)— Look! Jessie. There is a rabbit over there.
— Oh, ________ rabbit looks very cute.
A.a B.an C.the D./
16.(2022·广西贺州·模拟预测)I want to be _______ scientist like Tu Youyou in the future.
A.a B.an C.the D./
17.(2021·四川巴中·中考真题)An apple a day keeps ________ doctor away.
A.a B.the C.an D./
18.(2022·甘肃定西·二模)It took us half ________ hour to finish the letter.
A.a B.an C.the D./
19.(2022·四川·密地外国语三模)________ President Xi Jinping praised China’s generation born in ________ 1990s for their dedication(贡献) in the fight against the novel coronavirus outbreak.
A.the; the B./; the C./; / D.The; /
20.(2022·江苏连云港·中考真题)Me and My Winter Games is ________ interesting film. It’s a gift for Beijing 2022.
A.a B.an C.the D./
21.(2022·四川达州·中考真题)Natalia, ________ exchange student from Spain, is ________ university student in Sichuan now.
A.a; an B.an; the C.an; a D.a; the
22.(2022·广西贺州·中考真题)She often plays ________ chess on weekends.
A.an B.a C.the D./
23.(2022·贵州黔东南·二模)Bing Dwen Dwen, ________ cute mascot (吉祥物) of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, is ________ ice-glazed panda with a high sense of science and technology.
A.an; the B.the; an C.a; the D.the; a
24.(2022·辽宁·丹东市第十九中学二模) ________ houses in this small mountain village brought ________ unusual feeling to me
A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.A, an
25.(2022·西藏·谢通门县中学二模)Li Lei likes playing ________ piano, but he doesn’t like playing ________ chess.
A.the; the B.the; / C./; the D./; /
26.(2022·贵州黔西·中考真题)Dinner will be served in ________ hour. Would you have a drink first
A.不填 B.the C.an D.a
27.(2022·四川遂宁·中考真题)There is ________ useful robot in the restaurant near my home. It can serve food to customers.
A.an B.the C.a D./
28.(2022·吉林· 模拟预测)—Look! The sky is clear and blue.
—Yes. I have never seen ________ more beautiful sky since the epidemic(疫情).
A.a B.the C.an D./
29.(2022·甘肃省庆城县凤城初级中学模拟预测)— Where can I find Jack
— He is playing ________ volleyball in the gym now.
A.a B.an C.the D./
30.(2022·吉林吉林·一模)—Do you often play ________ tennis after school
—No, I don’t like it. I often play ________ guitar.
A.a; the B.the; / C./; the D.the; the
31.(2022·吉林·东北师大附中明珠学校模拟预测)Tony was very upset that he got________ F in the listening test.
A.a B.an C.the D./
32.(2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题)Mr. Li is ________ doctor. He is busy when he works.
A.a B.an C.the D.不填
33.(2022·广西梧州·中考真题)Zhang Guimei is ________ kind teacher.
A.the B.a C.an D./
34.(2022·山东济南·模拟预测)Emma wants to be ________ teacher, so she studies hard every day.
A.a B.an C.the D./
35.(2022·广西玉林·中考真题)—Huang Wenxiu is ________ good model of the new age.
—She was great! People all over _________ country should learn from her.
A.a; / B.an; the C.a; the D.an; a
36.(2022·江苏扬州·中考真题)China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since ________ late 1970s, according to ________ World Bank.
A.a; a B.the; the C.a; the D.the; a
37.(2022·广西河池·中考真题)It’s a nice day today! Let’s go for ________ walk.
A.a B.an C.the D./
38.(2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题)My uncle has ________ good habit of swimming every day.
A.an B.the C.a D./
39.(2022·辽宁营口·中考真题)—Confucius was ________ great teacher and thinker.
—Yes, we’re still influenced by his ideas today.
A.a B.an C.the D./
40.(2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题)My hometown is _______ beautiful city in ________ west of Liaoning Province.
A.the; a B.a; the C.a; a D.the; the
41.(2022·江苏镇江·中考真题)The 2022 Winter Olympics impressed me a lot, and _______ moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved me the most.
A.a B.an C.the D.不填
42.(2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题)Judy read ________ unusual report from Kaili Evening on June 10. ________ report was about the doctors and nurses assisting(援助)Shanghai in the fight against COVID-19.
A.a; A B.an; The C.a; The D.an; An
43.(2022·贵州毕节·中考真题)Would you like to go to the open-air concert at school It’ll start in ________ hour and ________ half.
A.an; an B.a; an C.an; a D.a; a
44.(2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题)—What’s your dream, Lingling
—I’m going to be ______ excellent teacher like Zhang Guimei.
A.a B.an C.the D./
45.(2022·湖北十堰·中考真题)—What does your father do
—He is ________ cook.
A.a B.an C.the D./
46.(2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题)My brother often plays ________ football with his classmates after school.
A.a B.an C./ D.the
47.(2022·新疆·中考真题)—Are you free on weekends
—Yes, I am going to have ________ picnic on ________ Sunday.
A.the; an B.a; the C.a; / D.an; /
48.(2022·天津·中考真题)After ________ school, I bought ________ present for my mother.
A./; a B.a; / C.a; the D.the; /
49.(2022·云南·中考真题)— What are you going to be when you grow up, Lily
— I’m going to be ________ astronaut like Wang Yaping.
A.a B.an C.the D./
50.(2022·甘肃定西·中考真题)I just bought a new shirt. ________ shirt was pretty expensive.
A.A B.An C.The D./
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