介词和介词短语考点聚焦和精讲
【中考介词和介词短语考点聚焦】
介词的功能；
常用介词的用法辨析；
3、介词的固定搭配。
一 介词的功能
介词是一种虚词，用来表示词与词，词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中 作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。如：
The man came down the stairs. (状) // My mother will be back in half an hour. (状)
The boy over there is my friend. (定) // The woman with a flower on her head is from the countryside. (定)
The teacher is now with the pupils. (表) // Li Ting is from Guilin. (表) // Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)
二、常用介词、介词短语的用法辧祈
1. 表时间的介词
（1）at / in / on
at表示在某个时刻或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。
in表示在一段时间里(如：某个世纪，季节，某年，某月，上午，下午，晚上等)（在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后）。on表示在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间。
【注意】 this, that, last, next, every, yesterday, tomorrow等词用在morning, afternoon, night及星期的七个词前一律不能加介词。如：I went to Hangzhou last Sunday.
1.at 7:00；at noon；at midnight
2.in summer；in 2013；in three days；in May；in winter；in the morning；in the afternoon
3.on Monday；on the morning of June 1st；on a cold day；on Monday；on July 1st；on Sunday mornin
（2）since / after / for
since后加时间点或过去时的句子，表示“自从（过去某时）以来”。
after后跟具体时刻，表示“在……时刻之后”，常用于将来时；后跟时间段，多用于过去时。
for后跟一段时间，表示“（持/延续）……之久”。
1.She has worked here since 2000. 自2000年以来，她就在这里工作。
2.He said that he would be here after 6:00. 他说他六点钟之后会来这儿。
3.We have lived in China for two years. 我们已经在中国住了两年。
（3）before / ago
ago立足于现在，表示从现在起，若干时间前；ago通常与一般过去时连用，不能与完成时连用。
before立足过去，表示从过去某一时刻起，若干时间以前，before通常与过去完成时连用。
1.I met him three years ago. (距今)
2.I had met him three years before. (距当时)
（4）during / until / before / by
during表示“在……期间”。
until表示“直到……为止”。
before表示“在……之前”。
by表示“到……为止”。
1.I enjoyed myself during the summer vacation. 我在暑假期间玩得很高兴。
2.I won’t leave until you come back. 我将不离开，直到你回来。
3.Wash hands before dinner. 饭前要洗手。
4.I will go there by six. 我六点前会去那里。
2. 表示地点、方位的介词
（1）方位介词at / in / on
at表示地点：用于指较小的地方或用于门牌号码前。
in表示地点：用于指较大的地方或虽然是很小的地方，如果说话人住在那里，也可用in。商店、学校、机关等，若看作一个地点（point）用at，若看作一个场所（place）用in。
on表示地点，一般指与面或线接触（在某一层楼上），意为“在……上；在……旁”。
1.I shall wait for you at the station.
2.He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road.
3.He lives in Shanghai.
4.I met him at the post-office.
5.I’m now working in the post-office.
6.The picture was hanging on the wall.
7.New York is on the Hudson River.
（2）“上下”介词over / above / on / below / under
over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under；over还有“覆盖在……上面”之意。如：
above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。
on指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一个的上面。
1.There is a bridge over the river.
2.The cat is lying under the chair.
3.There’s a piece of cloth over the table.
4.We flew above the clouds.
5.They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.
（3）in / on / to+方位名词
in表示A地在B地范围之内。
to表示A地在B地范围之外，即二者之间有距离间隔。
on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。
1.Taiwan is in the southeast of China.
2.Beijing is in the north of China.
3.Japan lies to the east of China.
4.North Korea is on the east of China.
（4）“前后”介词in front of / in the front of / behind / before
in front of…意为“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。
in the front of 意为“在……的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部。反义词是at the back of…（在……范围内的后部）。
behind表示在某一位置之后。
before意为“在……前面”，表示位置、顺序。
1.There are some flowers in front of the house. 房子前面有些花卉。
2.There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。
3.There’s a pay phone in front of the library and a swimming pool behind it. 图书馆前面有个投币式电话，后面有个游泳池。
4.Spring comes before summer.
（5）“左右”介词on the left / right of；“旁边”介词beside / by；“对面”介词across / from。
Linda sits beside/by me, just on my left. 琳达坐在我旁边，正好在我左边。
（6）“里外”介词in / inside / into / outside / out of
in 在……内部。
inside在……里面/到……里面（强调以……为界），反义词outside在……外面。
into到……内，其反义短语为out of。
1.The pen is in my pencil case. 钢笔在我的铅笔盒里。
2.We are asked to stay inside the building at work. 我们被要求待在楼里工作。
3.Pour some milk into the blender. 把牛奶倒入搅拌机里。
（7）“之间”介词between / among
between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between。
among用于三者或三者以上之间。
1.I’m sitting between Tom and Alice. // The village lies between three hills.
2.He is the best among the students. // She sings best among us all.
3. 方式、手段、工具等介词by / with / in / on
①by表示用某种方式或手段，在名词前不加冠词，若后接动词，需将动词变为动名词形式。
②by, in, on表交通方式：用by时，交通工具前不用任何限定词；用on或in时，交通工具前用限定词。
with表示“用”某种工具，身体的某一部位或器官。如：Cut the bag with the knife. 用刀子割开这个包。
in+语言类名词或工具的具体类型，语言、工具前不加冠词。如：
on+网络/电脑/电视/电话/收音机/大米/脚等。一般表示“通过/用/以（网络/电脑/电视/电话/收音机等）方式”。
1.This pair of shoes is made by hand. 这双鞋是手工做的。
2.Jenny goes to school by bike. 詹妮骑自行车去上学。（by bike=on a bike）
3.Mr. Green goes to work by car. 格林先生开车去上班。（by car=in a car）
4.How amazing! The boy can write with his two hands at the same time. 真神奇，这个男孩能同时用左右手写字。
5.Can you spell it in English 你会用英语把它拼出来吗？
6.Jim learns Chinese on the radio. 吉姆通过收音机学汉语。
7.The Chinese people live on rice. 中国人以大米为食。
8. Lucy often goes to school on foot. 露西常常走路上学。
4. 其他介词
（1）across / through表示“通过，穿过”时的用法区别：
across意为“横过，穿过”，指从物体表面的一边到另一边。
through意为“穿过，通过”，指从某一物体空间内通过。
1.Go across the bridge and you will see the cinema.
2.The moon shone in through the window.
（2）besides / except / except for / but表示“除……外”时的用法区别：
besides表示“除了……以外，还有……”，具有附加性质，还包括在内。
【注意】besides用于否定句中时，与except, but同义，可互换。如：We have no other books besides / except these.
except表示“……除外”，具有排它性质，不包括在内。
except for表示“除了……”，即表示除去整体中的一部分。
but意为“除了”，与except同义，except强调被排除的部分，but则强调整句的内容，常修饰否定意义的代词。
1.Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.（王先生也去了）
2.We all went to see the film except Mr Wang.（王先生没去）
3.The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
4.Nobody knew it but me.
5.There is nothing but a card in the box.
（3）on / about表示“关于”时的用法区别：
on 表示学术性、论述性的“关于”。
about 表示涉猎性的“关于”，指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事，其谈论的内容也较为普通。
1.It is a book on birds. 那是一本论述鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作)
2.It is a book about birds. 那是一本关于鸟类的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的故事书)
（4）near / by / beside / at表示“在……附近”时的用法区别：
near意为“在……附近”，表示相对的近，实际距离可能还很远。
at意为“在……旁边”，但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置，而by和beside仅表位置关系。如：
by意为“在……近旁”，比near表示的距离近。
beside意为“在……旁边”，表示紧挨着。
by和beside都表示靠近，实际距离不可能很远，但beside比by更具体地表示出“在……旁边”之意。
1.The students are sitting at the desks listening to the teacher.
2.Tony was sitting at the table by the window.
3.Tom was sitting beside his grandma.
4.Suzhou is near Shanghai.
（5）in the tree / on the tree表示“在树上”时的用法区别：
in the tree 指动物或人在树上。
on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上。
1.There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。
2.There are many apples on the apple tree. 苹果树上有许多苹果。
（6）like / as表示“像……一样”时的用法区别：
like意为“像……一样”，用于说明相似关系，实际上不是。如：
as用作连词时，意为“像……一样”；as用作介词时，意为“作为，以……的身份”，后跟表示职业、职务的名词。如：He doesn’t run so fast as I (do). 他不像我跑得那么快。
1.He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我说话。（他是我父亲）
2.He talked to me like my father. 他像父亲那样跟我谈话。（他不是我父亲）
（7）with / without表示伴随时的用法区别
with表示伴随，意为“和……一起”，用作状语。如：
without表示伴随，意为“没有”，用作状语。如：
1.He came in with a book in his hand. 他进来了，手里拿着一本书。
2.He left without saying a word. 他什么也没有说就离开了。
（8）under / with / in表示“在……下”时的用法区别：
under“在……（的关怀）下”。
with“在……（帮助下）”。
in“在（阳光）下”。
1.Children have grown up under the Party’s care.
2.Don’t read in the sun, please.
3.With Jim’s help, I finished my maths homework quickly.
（9）in / into表示“在/到……里面”时的用法区别：
in“在……里面”，表示状态。
into“往/到……里面”，表示动作。
1.There is a pen in the pencil-case.
2.I saw Jack putting a ruler into her pencil-case.
（10）on / onto表示“在/到……上面”时的用法区别：
on“在……上面”，表示状态。
onto“往/到……上面”，表示动作。
1.There is a boy on the horse.
2.The boy jumped onto the horse.
（11）after / behind表示“在……后面”时的用法区别：
after“在……之面”，指时间和顺序。
behind“在……后面”，表示位置。
1.I came to see my uncle after two weeks.
2.Spring comes after winter.
3.Jim stopped to get the stick and fell behind.
（12）to / towards / for表示“到/往/朝/去/向……”时的用法区别：
to“到，往”，强调目的地，多用于come, go, return, move等动词后。
towards“朝，向”，表示方向，含有没有到达之意。
for“去，往”，表示方向，多用于leave, start等动词后。
1.Mr. Brown moved to Paris last year.
2.He walked towards his office.
3.He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris.
（13）of/ to/ for表示“……的”时的用法区别：
of表示“……的”，表示所属关系。
to表示“……的”，表示对于、通向。
for表示“……的”，表示用途。
1.This is a map of the world.
2.Please give me the key to the door.
3.I want to buy two tickets for the concert.
（14）of sb. / for sb.表示“对于（某人）”，时的用法区别：
of sb.“对于（某人）”，用于“It is+adj.+of sb. +to do sth.”句型中，
形容词为clever, kind, nice, good, polite, foolish, lazy, careful, careless, right, wrong等描述人物性格、品质特征
的词，of后的人物与形容词有主表关系。
for sb.“对于（某人）”，用于“It is+adj.+for sb. +to do sth.”句型中，形容词为easy, important, hard, difficult,
necessary, dangerous, safe, useful, pleasant, interesting, impossible等描述事物特征的词，for后的人物与形容
词没有主表关系。
1.It’s very nice/kind of you to do so.
2.It’s too hard for me to finish the work in only one hour.
三、介词的固定搭配
介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。熟记并掌握这种固定搭配关系，才会正确使用介词。
1. 动词+介词
1
agree with同意；
arrive in/at 到达；
ask for请求；
base on以……为根据；
begin with 以……开始；
belong to 属于；
call on号召，访问，邀请；
deal (do) with 处置，对待；
decide on 决定；
depend on 依赖，依靠；
die of (from)死于；
do well in在……方面做得好；
drop off放下(某物）；(让某人)下车；
fill with充满，装满；
get to到达；
give up放弃；
go in for从事，致力于；
hand in上交；
hear from 收到……的来信；
hear of 听说；
help…with 帮助；
laugh at嘲笑；
learn from向……学习；
leave for出发去某地；
listen on 听……；
look at (有意识地)看；
look after照顾，照看；
look for寻找；
look like看上去像；
look about/around四下看，到处看；
meet with偶尔遇见，遭遇；
multiply…by… ……乘以……；
pass on 传递；
pay for (sth.) 付（……）钱，支付（……费用）；
point to指着；
put on穿上；
prefer…to… 宁愿选择……，更喜欢……；
regard…as… 把……看作……；
send for派人去叫，叫人去拿；
shout at大声叫喊，吼叫；
smile at向……微笑；
speak to对……说；
take away拿走，带走；
take down拿下，取下；
take off脱下，起飞；
talk to与……谈话；
thanks to 幸亏，由于；
think about 考虑；
think of考虑，关心；
try on试穿(衣服，鞋等）；
turn...into... 把……变成……；
turn on (off)打开（关上）；
turn up (down) 开大（关小）；
wait for等候，等待；
write to写信给……；
2. 介词+名词
at all根本，全然；
at home在家；
at dinner在吃正餐；
at first首先，
at hospital 在医院；
at last最后，终于；
at least 至少；
at night在晚上；
at noon在中午；
at once立刻，马上；
at school在学校；
at sea在大海上；起初；
at work在工作；
at the age of 在……岁时；
at the back of 在……后面；
at the end of 在……结尾；
at the foot of 在……脚下；
at the meeting 在会上；
at the same time 同时，然而；
at the table在桌子旁；
by hand用手，手工，亲手；
by the end of 到……结束时；
by the time... 到……的时候；
by the way顺便说说（问问）；
by bus乘公共汽车；
by train 乘火车；
by spaceship乘坐宇宙飞船；
day by day日复一日；
in a hurry匆忙，急忙；
in a low voice小声地；
in a minute 一会儿；
in a short while 不久；
in a word总而言之，一句话；
in bed 卧床；
in English用英语；
in fact事实上；
in front of在……前面；
in life 一生中；
in no time立刻，很快；
in all总共，总计；
in line成直线；
in order按顺序，整齐，正常；
in order to为了，以便；
in public当众，公开地；
in space 在空间；
in surprise惊奇地；
in time 及时；
in town在城里；
in trouble处于困境；
in silence不作声；
in this way用这种方法；
in the air 在空中；
in the distance 在远处；
in the street在街上；
in the end最后，终于；
in the day在白天；
in the middle of 在中间；
in the sun在阳光下；
in the tree在树上；
on foot步行；
on one’s way to在某人去……的路上；
on time准时，按时；
of course当然（可以）；
on display陈列，展览；
on duty值日；
one by one —个接一个；
on the earth在地球上；
on show展出；
on the left (right)在左(右)边；
on the radio通过无线电广播；
on top of... 在……顶上；
out of breath上气不接下气；
out of sight消失，看不见；
out of work失业；
to this day直到今天；
to one’s surprise (joy) 使某人吃惊(高兴）的是；
with a smile带着微笑
3. 介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配
be angry at sth. 为某事生气
be angry with sb. 跟某人生气；
be busy with... 忙于……；
be born in ... 出生于……；
be full of... 充满……；
be good at… 擅长……；
be interested in 对……感兴趣；
keep out of不让进入；
be made of... 由……制成（物理变化）；
be made from... 由……制成（化学变化）；
be pleased with sb. 对某人感到满意；
be proud of... 以……为自豪（骄傲）；
be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意；
be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求；
be sure of... 确信……；
be surprised at 对……感到惊奇（诧异)；
be tired of… 讨厌……，厌烦……；
be used to... 习惯于……；
break into (in)闯入；
catch up with跟上，赶上；
go to school去上学；
go to bed (sleep)去睡觉；
go to the cinema 去看电影；
have nothing to do with… 与……无关；
look forward to盼望，期待；
say hello to 向……问好；
take care of照顾，关心，保管；
take (catch) hold of 抓住；
take part in 参加；
【考点拓展】
1. 介词短语在句子中的位置：
介词短语做状语时，如果表示时间/地点，可以放在句首或句尾，如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较，一般放在句尾；介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后；介词短语作定语时，只能放在被修饰的名词之后。
如：He wanted to find a good job in Shanghai the next year. (状语)
The letters are for you. (表语) // Have you seen a cat with a black head and four white legs (定语)
2. 使用介词时应注意的问题
时间介词的省略。在this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each/one/all等词构成的时间短语前，一般不用at, in, on。
如：Every year travellers from abroad come to visit Pingyao. // He had a bad cold that week.
I want to buy a dictionary tomorrow. // I watched a film last night. // It is fine today.
在某些名词词组前，可以省略(也可不省)如：(on) that day, (in)the year before last。
如：He said that he helped an old man cross the street that day.
介词有时会与它的宾语分离，而且宾语前置。当宾语是疑问词时。
如：Who are you talking about
宾语在从句中当连接词时。
如：He has a younger brother who he must take good care of.
Do you know who our teacher is talking with over there
动词不定式作定语且该动词为不及物动词，后面有介词。
如：I finally found a chair to sit on.
题组1 用适当的介词填空
1.There were also differences in what people liked to do outdoors (在……之中) the three countries.
答案 among 本题考查介词。表示“在三者或三者以上之中”,用among。
2.They love simple activities the busy, stressful world.
答案 in 此处表示:在这个忙碌又充满压力的世界, 介词用in。
3.In his speech, he talked the importance of kindness.
答案 about 本题考查介词。talk about sth.谈论某事。
4.She is happy and you can tell from the expression her face.
答案 on 本题考查介词。 on one's face在某人的脸上, 故填on。
5.A the four great classical Chinese novels, my favourite is Journey to the West.
答案 Among 句意:在中国四大名著中,我最喜欢的是《西游记》。among指“在三者或三者以上中”。此处是指在四大名著当中且位于句首,故填Among。
6.There is a low brick wall (在……之间) the garden and the field beyond.
答案 between between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。故答案为between。
7.They made each group take notes different ways.
答案 in 本题考查介词短语。in different ways 意为“以不同的方式”,故填in。
8.When I walked the room we shared, I found Claudio sitting at my bedside.
答案 into 句意:当我走进我们一起住的房间时,我发现Claudio正坐在我的床边。考查介词。walk into走进;find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事。
9.“The state's summer camp could open June,”Beth Bye,the leader of the Connecticut Office of Early Childhood, said a week ago.
答案 in 考查介词。设空处后是月份,因此使用介词in。
10.Giving concerts wasn't easy for Beth in the beginning because usually she only played drums alone in her bedroom when she came home school.
答案 from/after 考查介词。come home from school/after school 从学校回家/放学后回家。
11.Singapore is also an interesting city. Large numbers of people, ideas, etc. are mixed together (在……下面)the same sky.
答案 under 句意:新加坡也是一座有趣的城市。在同一片天空下大量的人、思想等混合在一起。考查介词。under the same sky在同一片天空下。
12.Then one day, while going out a walk, Mr Happy met Miss Beautiful.
答案 for 考查介词。go out for a walk出去散步。
13.“Grandpa, someone is waiting you to play chess,” I went to him and said.
答案 for 句意:我走到他跟前说道:“爷爷,有人在等你下棋”。考查介词。wait for等待,为固定搭配。
14.The weather here is wonderful. It's warm and sunny, clear blue skies every day.
答案 with 句意:这里天气太棒了。每天晴空万里,温暖又阳光明媚。本题考查介词。with短语作伴随状语。
15.What we can learn the old man is this:if you've lost a lot over something that doesn't work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.
答案 from 句意:我们可以像老人学习的是这个道理:如果你在无效的事情上失去了太多,那么就放手,继续前行。这比继续失去下去更好。本题考查介词。learn from sb.向某人学习。
题组2 介词及介词短语辨析
1.Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking her into a village in Qinghai.
A.over B.past C.across D.through
答案 B 本题考查介词。over从正上方越过,past从旁边经过,across从表面穿过或横穿;through从中间或内部穿过。根据语境可知,一群羊从她旁边经过,故选B。
2.China's first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet May 15, 2021.
A.on B.in C.at D.to
答案 A 本题考查介词的用法。设空处后的“May 15,2021”具体到了某一天,其前应用介词on。故答案为A。
3.Football fans are often called the “12th man” because of their influence a team.
A.to B.from C.on D.at
答案 C 本题考查介词。one's influence on...是固定搭配,意思是“某人对……的影响”。故选C。
4.Anna is taller than me. She sits me in the classroom.
A.between B.from C.behind D.among
答案 C 本题考查介词。根据Anna is taller than me.可知,她应该是坐在我后面,故选C。
5.The instructions tell us everything about how to make the model ship.
A.by hand B.by chance C.in detail D.in person
答案 C 句意:这份说明书向我们详细地讲了如何制作模型船。本题考查介词短语辨析。A选项意为“手工”;B选项意为“碰巧”;C选项意为“详细地”;D选项意为“亲自”。由关键词everything可知说明很详细,故本题选择C。
6.I've ordered some flowers for Grandma and they will arrive two hours.
A.in B.after C.over D.for
答案 A 句意:我已经给奶奶订了一些鲜花了,花在两小时后会到。本题考查介词辨析。in在(某段时间)之后;after在……后;over在……上面;for为,给。设空处所在的分句的时态是一般将来时,“两小时后”在一般将来时态中为in two hours。因此选择A项。
题组3 填空题
1.The gate is too small for an elephant to go t .
答案 through 句意:大门太小了,以至于一只大象不能通过。根据语境可猜测是通过大门。
2.Chinese are fighting (对抗) the novel coronavirus bravely.
答案 against “对抗”对应的介词是“against”。“与……作斗争”对应的短语是“fight against”。故填against。
3.In a recent survey at one school, we found that (超过) two thirds of the students didn't follow a good diet.
答案 over 此处意为:我们发现超过三分之二的学生没有遵循好的饮食。根据汉语提示可知,设空处答案为over。
4.It's a good idea for teenagers to eat food (没有) much fat and oil.
答案 without 句意:对青少年来说,吃没有太多脂肪和油的食物是一个好主意。根据汉语提示可知,设空处填介词without。
5.Together they designed and did the wall painting (在……期间)one school week.
答案 during 根据汉语提示可知,设空处填介词during。
6.In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known one of the “four gentlemen” in plants.
答案 as 句意:在中国文化中,竹子作为植物的四大君子之一而被人熟知。be well-known as...作为……而被人熟知。
7.I am looking forward your coming. I'm sure that you will fall in love with Wuhan.
答案 to 句意:我正期待你的到来。我确定你会爱上武汉。look forward to期待、期望。
8.Do you see This is how plants talk. So don't touch plants fun. It may blame its neighbor.
答案 for 根据后文It may blame its neighbor.可知,此处是指不要为了好玩而触碰植物,for fun表示“为了好玩”,故填for。
9.They will clean all parts of the house e the kitchen because someone has already cleaned it.
答案 except 句意:他们会打扫除了厨房以外的房子里所有的地方,因为有人已经打扫过厨房了。本题考查介词的拼写。根据句意,设空处为介词except,意为“除了……以外”。
10.Tickets are cheaper d the off season. And that's the best time to take a trip.
答案 during 句意:在淡季票价更便宜。那是旅行的最佳时间。本题考查介词的拼写。根据句意,设空处为介词during,意为“在……期间”。
11.Our handwriting is good e for some grammar mistakes.
答案 except 句意:除了一些语法错误,我们的书写还是很好的。本题考查介词的拼写。此处为介词短语except for,意为“除了……以外”。
12.“There wasn't any treasure in the very first place, my son,”the father answered a smile. “But I think you have found your life's true purpose.”
答案 with 本题考查介词。with a smile带着微笑。
13.The stone lay in the road three weeks. It was in everyone's way.
答案 for 句意:石头在路上放了三个星期。挡住了大家的路。本题考查介词。three weeks表示时间段,因此用for。
14.In the days after the lockdown, more than 30,000 medical workers from (在……各处) the country were sent to Hubei.
答案 across 句意:在封城之后的日子里,来自全国各地的三万多名医务工作者被派往湖北。本题考查介词。across the country全国各地。
15.Don't walk a the street when the traffic lights are red.
答案 across 句意:当交通信号灯是红色的时候,不要穿过马路。本题考查介词。
题组4 选择题
1．（2023·青海·统考中考真题）The four pandas in Chongqing Zoo were born on the same day _______ 2019.
A．on B．at C．in
【答案】C
【详解】句意：重庆动物园的四只大熊猫于2019年同一天出生。
考查时间介词。on后接具体某一天等；at后接具体时刻等；in后接具体年月等。根据“2019”可知此处是在2019年，用介词in。故选C。
2．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—________ my surprise, the restaurant is a actually very nice.
—The service is also great.
A．In B．At C．On D．To
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——让我惊讶的是，这家餐厅实际上非常好。——服务也很棒。
考查介词辨析。in在里面；at在；on在上面；to到。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，固定短语，故选D。
3．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）Bees (蜜蜂) can help plants grow. ________ bees, we wouldn’t have enough food.
A．From B．Like C．Except D．Without
【答案】D
【详解】句意：蜜蜂能帮助植物生长。没有蜜蜂，我们将没有足够的食物。
考查介词辨析。From从；Like像；Except除了……之外；Without没有。根据“Bees can help plants grow.”可知，没有蜜蜂，植物生长慢，我们将会没有足够的食物。故选D。
4．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）No one helped me. I did it all ________ myself.
A．for B．of C．by D．about
【答案】C
【详解】句意：没有人帮我。这一切都是我一个人做的。
考查介词辨析。for为了；of……的；by通过；about关于。根据“No one helped me”可知，此处指“我”独自做的，by oneself“某人自己，独自”。故选C。
5．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Everything begins to grow ________ spring. It’s full of hope.
A．in B．on C．at D．for
【答案】A
【详解】句意：万物在春天开始生长。它充满了希望。
考查介词辨析。in后加某年某月某季节；on后加具体的某一天；at后加具体时刻；for后加时间段。根据“spring”可知此处是指季节，应用介词in。故选A。
6．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）________ the teacher’s help, I have made much progress.
A．Thanks to B．As for C．Such as D．Up to
【答案】A
【详解】句意：多亏了老师的帮助，我取得了很大的进步。
考查短语辨析。Thanks to多亏了；As for至于；Such as例如；Up to多达。根据“the teacher’s help, I have made much progress”可知，多亏了老师的帮助才取得了进步，故选A。
7．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）About 12,000 people took part in the 2023 Suqian Marathon ________ April 2.
A．at B．on C．in D．to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：4月2日，约1.2万人参加了2023宿迁马拉松比赛。
考查介词辨析。at后接具体时刻；on后接具体一天；in后接年、月、季节等；to到。April 2指具体的一天，其前应加介词on。故选B。
8．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October.
A．at B．on C．in D．to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在十月份参观北京是个好主意。
考查时间介词。at后接具体时刻等；on后接具体某一天等；in后接年月等；to到。根据“October”可知此处表示在十月，用介词in。故选C。
9．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）The girl takes her dog for a walk ________ the river every evening.
A．in B．along C．over D．under
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这个女孩每天晚上带着她的狗沿着河边散步。
考查介词辨析。in在里面；along沿着；over在上面；under在下面。根据“The girl takes her dog for a walk...the river every evening.”可知，是沿着河边散步，故选B。
10．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）A new bridge was built ________ the Yellow River last year.
A．around B．across C．against D．along
【答案】B
【详解】句意：去年在黄河上建了一座新桥。
考查介词辨析。around围绕；across横穿；against反对；along沿着。根据常识可知桥应该是横跨黄河，用across，故选B。
11．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）Three Shenzhou XV heroes successfully came back to the Earth ________ June 4, 2023.
A．at B．on C．in D．until
【答案】B
【详解】句意：2023年6月4日，三名神舟十五号英雄成功返回地球。
考查时间介词的用法。at后接具体的时刻；on后接具体的一天；in后接某年某月某季节；until直到。“June 4, 2023”是具体的一天，空处应填on，故选B。
12．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Look! The traffic light is green. We can go ________ the road now.
A．across B．above C．below D．against
【答案】A
【详解】句意：看！交通灯是绿色的。我们现在可以过马路了。
考查介词辨析。across横穿；above在……上方；below在……下方；against反对。根据“Look! The traffic light is green”可知是绿灯，所以可以横穿马路，go across“横穿”，故选A。
13．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The newly-built teaching building provides the students ________ a comfortable learning environment.
A．for B．to C．with D．in
【答案】C
【详解】j句意：新建的教学楼为学生提供了一个舒适的学习环境。
考查介词辨析。for为了；to到；with和；in在……里。动词短语provide sb with sth表示“给某人提供某物”。故选C。
14．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）The 20th National Congress of the CPC was convened (召开) __________ October 16th, 2022.
A．on B．in C．by
【答案】A
【详解】句意：党的二十大在2022年10月16日召开。
考查介词辨析。on用在具体某一天的前面；in后接不具体时间；by到……为止。“October 16th, 2022.”是具体到某一天的时间，其前用介词on。故选A。
15．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）It is impolite to speak loudly ________.
A．in danger B．in public C．in person
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。
考查介词短语。in danger处于危险中；in public在公共场合；in person亲自。根据“It is impolite to speak loudly”可知在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。故选B。
16．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）— Did Alan and Lily join the art club ________ June 20th, 2023
—Yes, I joined it, too.
A．on B．in C．at
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——阿兰和莉莉是在2023年6月20日加入美术俱乐部的吗？——是的，我也加入了。
考查介词辨析。on在具体某天；in在某年、月、季节等；at在某时刻。“June 20th, 2023”具体到6月20日这一天，时间介词用on。故选A。
17．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）Bills is ________ all the other runners. It seems that he will be the winner.
A．next to B．far from C．ahead of
【答案】C
【详解】句意：比尔跑在所有赛跑者的前面。看来他会是赢家。
考查介词短语辨析。next to在旁边；far from远离；ahead of领先。根据“It seems that he will be the winner”可知，他跑在其他人的前面，所以会是赢家，故选C。
18．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）China launched (发射) Shenzhou-16 manned space ship successfully ________ May 30, 2023.
A．at B．on C．in
【答案】B
【详解】句意：2023年5月30日，中国成功发射神州十六号载人飞船。
考查介词辨析。at在，后接具体的时间点；on在，后接具体的某一天；in在，后接年、月等时间段。根据“May 30, 2023”可知2023年5月30日是具有的一天，应用介词on。故选B。
19．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）The toy is ________ my little brother. I bought it yesterday.
A．for B．from C．by
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这个玩具是给我弟弟的。我昨天买的。
考查介词辨析。for为了；from从；by被。根据“The toy is...my little brother. I bought it yesterday.”可知，玩具是给我弟弟的，故选A。
题组5 语法选择
When a man was walking 1 some elephants, he suddenly stopped. He was confused that these huge animals were being held only 2 a small rope tied 3 their front legs. No chains, no cages. It was obvious that the elephants could break their bonds at any time, but 4 some reasons, they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why the animals just stood there and made no attempt to get away.“Well,” the trainer said, “when they were very young and much smaller, we used the same rope to keep them 5 running away. 6 that age, it was enough to hold them. As they grow up, they get used 7 believing they cannot break the rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free.”
The man was amazed. These animals could break free whenever they wanted, but because they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.
How many of us go 8 life like the elephants—holding 9 the belief that we cannot do something simply because we failed in it once before
Failure is a part of learning. If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying when we encounter failures 10 life.
1.A.with B.on C.by D.to
2.A.by B.for C.from D.at
3.A.in B.to C.with D.by
4.A.with B.at C.about D.for
5.A.to B.from C.for D.of
6.A.On B.In C.At D.For
7.A.with B.in C.to D.for
8.A.by B.on C.for D.through
9.A.to B.into C.with D.up
10.A.for B.by C.in D.to
文章讲述了驯象师是如何驯服大象的。
1.C 本题考查固定搭配。walk by 从旁边走过,故选C。
2.A 本题考查方式介词。by通过,by a small rope 通过一根小绳子。
3.B 本题考查固定搭配。tie sth. to 把……绑在……。故选B。
4.D 本题考查介词for的用法。for因为,由于。for some reasons出于某些原因。故选D。
5.B 本题考查固定搭配。keep sb./sth. from doing sth.阻止某人/物做某事。故选B。
6.C 本题考查时间介词。at that age 在那个年纪。故选C。
7.C 本题考查固定搭配。get used to 习惯于,在本短语中to是介词。
8.D 本题考查固定搭配。go through 经历。故选D。
9.A 本题考查固定搭配。hold to信奉(信念、原则等)。故选A。
10.C 本题考查固定搭配。in life在生活中。
题组6.短文填空
Back to my school
I had to stay in China for more than a year because 1 the COVID-19 pandemic. Several weeks ago, I finally went back 2 my school in the UK.
The school has made many rules to deal 3 the virus. For example, all students must wear masks when going to school. Boarders (住宿生) need to have their temperature taken every morning.
The rules in dining hall have changed as well. To keep students from different grades apart, we need to stay in our classroom 4 about 25 minutes first and then line up for about 30 minutes. However, some students don't follow these social distancing (社交隔离) rules and still chat with each other.
Students can play sports as usual, except for sports 5 soccer, rugby and hockey that have close contact. We must also take the COVID-19 tests twice a week.
Although there are still some new cases (病例) 6 the UK every day, I'm not that worried because my school has strict rules to deal with the pandemic.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
文章讲述了作者因为疫情在中国逗留一年多,几周前终于回到了英国的学校。由于学校里采取了严格的疫情防控措施,所以同学们能够正常上学。
1.of 本题考查介词。because of 因为,后面跟名词或名词短语,故填of。
2.to 本题考查介词。go back to+地点名词,“回到……”,故填to。
3.with 本题考查介词。deal with应对,对付,故填with。
4.for 本题考查介词。空后about 25 minutes为一段时间,前面应该用介词for。
5.like 本题考查介词。like作介词,意思为“例如”。空后所列举的soccer, rugby and hockey都是运动类名词,是对前面sports进行举例,故填like。
6.in 本题考查介词。in the UK在英国。介词和介词短语考点聚焦和精讲
【中考介词和介词短语考点聚焦】
介词的功能；
常用介词的用法辨析；
3、介词的固定搭配。
一 介词的功能
介词是一种虚词，用来表示词与词，词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中 作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。如：
The man came down the stairs. (状) // My mother will be back in half an hour. (状)
The boy over there is my friend. (定) // The woman with a flower on her head is from the countryside. (定)
The teacher is now with the pupils. (表) // Li Ting is from Guilin. (表) // Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)
二、常用介词、介词短语的用法辧祈
1. 表时间的介词
（1）at / in / on
at表示在某个时刻或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。
in表示在一段时间里(如：某个世纪，季节，某年，某月，上午，下午，晚上等)（在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后）。on表示在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间。
【注意】 this, that, last, next, every, yesterday, tomorrow等词用在morning, afternoon, night及星期的七个词前一律不能加介词。如：I went to Hangzhou last Sunday.
7:00； noon； midnight
2. summer； 2013； three days； May； winter； the morning； the afternoon
3. Monday； the morning of June 1st； a cold day； Monday；
July 1st； Sunday morning
（2）since / after / for
since后加时间点或过去时的句子，表示“自从（过去某时）以来”。
after后跟具体时刻，表示“在……时刻之后”，常用于将来时；后跟时间段，多用于过去时。
for后跟一段时间，表示“（持/延续）……之久”。
1.She has worked here 2000. 自2000年以来，她就在这里工作。
2.He said that he would be here 6:00. 他说他六点钟之后会来这儿。
3.We have lived in China two years. 我们已经在中国住了两年。
（3）before / ago
ago立足于现在，表示从现在起，若干时间前；ago通常与一般过去时连用，不能与完成时连用。
before立足过去，表示从过去某一时刻起，若干时间以前，before通常与过去完成时连用。
1.I met him three years . (距今)
2.I had met him three years . (距当时)
（4）during / until / before / by
during表示“在……期间”。
until表示“直到……为止”。
before表示“在……之前”。
by表示“到……为止”。
1.I enjoyed myself the summer vacation. 我在暑假期间玩得很高兴。
2.I won’t leave you come back. 我将不离开，直到你回来。
3.Wash hands dinner. 饭前要洗手。
4.I will go there six. 我六点前会去那里。
2. 表示地点、方位的介词
（1）方位介词at / in / on
at表示地点：用于指较小的地方或用于门牌号码前。
in表示地点：用于指较大的地方或虽然是很小的地方，如果说话人住在那里，也可用in。商店、学校、机关等，若看作一个地点（point）用at，若看作一个场所（place）用in。
on表示地点，一般指与面或线接触（在某一层楼上），意为“在……上；在……旁”。
1.I shall wait for you the station.
2.He lives 115 Zhongshan Road.
3.He lives Shanghai.
4.I met him the post-office.
5.I’m now working the post-office.
6.The picture was hanging the wall.
7.New York is the Hudson River.
（2）“上下”介词over / above / on / below / under
over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under；over还有“覆盖在……上面”之意。如：
above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。
on指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一个的上面。
1.There is a bridge the river.
2.The cat is lying the chair.
3.There’s a piece of cloth the table.
4.We flew the clouds.
5.They put some flowers the teacher’s desk.
（3）in / on / to+方位名词
in表示A地在B地范围之内。
to表示A地在B地范围之外，即二者之间有距离间隔。
on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。
1.Taiwan is the southeast of China.
2.Beijing is the north of China.
3.Japan lies the east of China.
4.North Korea is the east of China.
（4）“前后”介词in front of / in the front of / behind / before
in front of…意为“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。
in the front of 意为“在……的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部。反义词是at the back of…（在……范围内的后部）。
behind表示在某一位置之后。
before意为“在……前面”，表示位置、顺序。
1.There are some flowers the house. 房子前面有些花卉。
2.There is a blackboard our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。
3.There’s a pay phone the library and a swimming pool behind it. 图书馆前面有个投币式电话，后面有个游泳池。
4.Spring comes summer.
（5）“左右”介词on the left / right of；“旁边”介词beside / by；“对面”介词across / from。
Linda sits me, just my left. 琳达坐在我旁边，正好在我左边。
（6）“里外”介词in / inside / into / outside / out of
in 在……内部。
inside在……里面/到……里面（强调以……为界），反义词outside在……外面。
into到……内，其反义短语为out of。
1.The pen is my pencil case. 钢笔在我的铅笔盒里。
2.We are asked to stay the building at work. 我们被要求待在楼里工作。
3.Pour some milk the blender. 把牛奶倒入搅拌机里。
（7）“之间”介词between / among
between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between。
among用于三者或三者以上之间。
1.I’m sitting Tom and Alice. // The village lies three hills.
2.He is the best the students. // She sings best us all.
3. 方式、手段、工具等介词by / with / in / on
①by表示用某种方式或手段，在名词前不加冠词，若后接动词，需将动词变为动名词形式。
②by, in, on表交通方式：用by时，交通工具前不用任何限定词；用on或in时，交通工具前用限定词。
with表示“用”某种工具，身体的某一部位或器官。如：Cut the bag with the knife. 用刀子割开这个包。
in+语言类名词或工具的具体类型，语言、工具前不加冠词。如：
on+网络/电脑/电视/电话/收音机/大米/脚等。一般表示“通过/用/以（网络/电脑/电视/电话/收音机等）方式”。
1.This pair of shoes is made hand. 这双鞋是手工做的。
2.Jenny goes to school bike. 詹妮骑自行车去上学。（by bike=on a bike）
3.Mr. Green goes to work car. 格林先生开车去上班。（by car=in a car）
4.How amazing! The boy can write his two hands at the same time. 真神奇，这个男孩能同时用左右手写字。
5.Can you spell it English 你会用英语把它拼出来吗？
6.Jim learns Chinese the radio. 吉姆通过收音机学汉语。
7.The Chinese people live rice. 中国人以大米为食。
8. Lucy often goes to school foot. 露西常常走路上学。
4. 其他介词
（1）across / through表示“通过，穿过”时的用法区别：
across意为“横过，穿过”，指从物体表面的一边到另一边。
through意为“穿过，通过”，指从某一物体空间内通过。
1.Go the bridge and you will see the cinema.
2.The moon shone in the window.
（2）besides / except / except for / but表示“除……外”时的用法区别：
besides表示“除了……以外，还有……”，具有附加性质，还包括在内。
【注意】besides用于否定句中时，与except, but同义，可互换。如：We have no other books besides / except these.
except表示“……除外”，具有排它性质，不包括在内。
except for表示“除了……”，即表示除去整体中的一部分。
but意为“除了”，与except同义，except强调被排除的部分，but则强调整句的内容，常修饰否定意义的代词。
1. Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.（王先生也去了）
2.We all went to see the film Mr Wang.（王先生没去）
3.The composition is very good a few spelling mistakes.
4.Nobody knew it me.
5.There is nothing a card in the box.
（3）on / about表示“关于”时的用法区别：
on 表示学术性、论述性的“关于”。
about 表示涉猎性的“关于”，指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事，其谈论的内容也较为普通。
1.It is a book birds. 那是一本论述鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作)
2.It is a book birds. 那是一本关于鸟类的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的故事书)
（4）near / by / beside / at表示“在……附近”时的用法区别：
near意为“在……附近”，表示相对的近，实际距离可能还很远。
at意为“在……旁边”，但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置，而by和beside仅表位置关系。如：
by意为“在……近旁”，比near表示的距离近。
beside意为“在……旁边”，表示紧挨着。
by和beside都表示靠近，实际距离不可能很远，但beside比by更具体地表示出“在……旁边”之意。
1.The students are sitting the desks listening to the teacher.
2.Tony was sitting at the table the window.
3.Tom was sitting his grandma.
4.Suzhou is Shanghai.
（5）in the tree / on the tree表示“在树上”时的用法区别：
in the tree 指动物或人在树上。
on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上。
1.There is a bird the tree. 树上有一只鸟。
2.There are many apples the apple tree. 苹果树上有许多苹果。
（6）like / as表示“像……一样”时的用法区别：
like意为“像……一样”，用于说明相似关系，实际上不是。如：
as用作连词时，意为“像……一样”；as用作介词时，意为“作为，以……的身份”，后跟表示职业、职务的名词。如：He doesn’t run so fast as I (do). 他不像我跑得那么快。
1.He talked to me a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我说话。（他是我父亲）
2.He talked to me my father. 他像父亲那样跟我谈话。（他不是我父亲）
（7）with / without表示伴随时的用法区别
with表示伴随，意为“和……一起”，用作状语。如：
without表示伴随，意为“没有”，用作状语。如：
1.He came in a book in his hand. 他进来了，手里拿着一本书。
2.He left saying a word. 他什么也没有说就离开了。
（8）under / with / in表示“在……下”时的用法区别：
under“在……（的关怀）下”。
with“在……（帮助下）”。
in“在（阳光）下”。
1.Children have grown up the Party’s care.
2.Don’t read the sun, please.
3. Jim’s help, I finished my maths homework quickly.
（9）in / into表示“在/到……里面”时的用法区别：
in“在……里面”，表示状态。
into“往/到……里面”，表示动作。
1.There is a pen the pencil-case.
2.I saw Jack putting a ruler her pencil-case.
（10）on / onto表示“在/到……上面”时的用法区别：
on“在……上面”，表示状态。
onto“往/到……上面”，表示动作。
1.There is a boy the horse.
2.The boy jumped the horse.
（11）after / behind表示“在……后面”时的用法区别：
after“在……之面”，指时间和顺序。
behind“在……后面”，表示位置。
1.I came to see my uncle two weeks.
2.Spring comes winter.
3.Jim stopped to get the stick and fell .
（12）to / towards / for表示“到/往/朝/去/向……”时的用法区别：
to“到，往”，强调目的地，多用于come, go, return, move等动词后。
towards“朝，向”，表示方向，含有没有到达之意。
for“去，往”，表示方向，多用于leave, start等动词后。
1.Mr. Brown moved Paris last year.
2.He walked his office.
3.He asked me yesterday when I should leave Paris.
（13）of/ to/ for表示“……的”时的用法区别：
of表示“……的”，表示所属关系。
to表示“……的”，表示对于、通向。
for表示“……的”，表示用途。
1.This is a map the world.
2.Please give me the key the door.
3.I want to buy two tickets the concert.
（14）of sb. / for sb.表示“对于（某人）”，时的用法区别：
of sb.“对于（某人）”，用于“It is+adj.+of sb. +to do sth.”句型中，
形容词为clever, kind, nice, good, polite, foolish, lazy, careful, careless, right, wrong等描述人物性格、品质特征
的词，of后的人物与形容词有主表关系。
for sb.“对于（某人）”，用于“It is+adj.+for sb. +to do sth.”句型中，形容词为easy, important, hard, difficult,
necessary, dangerous, safe, useful, pleasant, interesting, impossible等描述事物特征的词，for后的人物与形容
词没有主表关系。
1.It’s very nice/kind to do so.
2.It’s too hard to finish the work in only one hour.
三、介词的固定搭配
介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。熟记并掌握这种固定搭配关系，才会正确使用介词。
1. 动词+介词
1
agree with同意；
arrive in/at 到达；
ask for请求；
base on以……为根据；
begin with 以……开始；
belong to 属于；
call on号召，访问，邀请；
deal (do) with 处置，对待；
decide on 决定；
depend on 依赖，依靠；
die of (from)死于；
do well in在……方面做得好；
drop off放下(某物）；(让某人)下车；
fill with充满，装满；
get to到达；
give up放弃；
go in for从事，致力于；
hand in上交；
hear from 收到……的来信；
hear of 听说；
help…with 帮助；
laugh at嘲笑；
learn from向……学习；
leave for出发去某地；
listen on 听……；
look at (有意识地)看；
look after照顾，照看；
look for寻找；
look like看上去像；
look about/around四下看，到处看；
meet with偶尔遇见，遭遇；
multiply…by… ……乘以……；
pass on 传递；
pay for (sth.) 付（……）钱，支付（……费用）；
point to指着；
put on穿上；
prefer…to… 宁愿选择……，更喜欢……；
regard…as… 把……看作……；
send for派人去叫，叫人去拿；
shout at大声叫喊，吼叫；
smile at向……微笑；
speak to对……说；
take away拿走，带走；
take down拿下，取下；
take off脱下，起飞；
talk to与……谈话；
thanks to 幸亏，由于；
think about 考虑；
think of考虑，关心；
try on试穿(衣服，鞋等）；
turn...into... 把……变成……；
turn on (off)打开（关上）；
turn up (down) 开大（关小）；
wait for等候，等待；
write to写信给……；
2. 介词+名词
at all根本，全然；
at home在家；
at dinner在吃正餐；
at first首先，
at hospital 在医院；
at last最后，终于；
at least 至少；
at night在晚上；
at noon在中午；
at once立刻，马上；
at school在学校；
at sea在大海上；起初；
at work在工作；
at the age of 在……岁时；
at the back of 在……后面；
at the end of 在……结尾；
at the foot of 在……脚下；
at the meeting 在会上；
at the same time 同时，然而；
at the table在桌子旁；
by hand用手，手工，亲手；
by the end of 到……结束时；
by the time... 到……的时候；
by the way顺便说说（问问）；
by bus乘公共汽车；
by train 乘火车；
by spaceship乘坐宇宙飞船；
day by day日复一日；
in a hurry匆忙，急忙；
in a low voice小声地；
in a minute 一会儿；
in a short while 不久；
in a word总而言之，一句话；
in bed 卧床；
in English用英语；
in fact事实上；
in front of在……前面；
in life 一生中；
in no time立刻，很快；
in all总共，总计；
in line成直线；
in order按顺序，整齐，正常；
in order to为了，以便；
in public当众，公开地；
in space 在空间；
in surprise惊奇地；
in time 及时；
in town在城里；
in trouble处于困境；
in silence不作声；
in this way用这种方法；
in the air 在空中；
in the distance 在远处；
in the street在街上；
in the end最后，终于；
in the day在白天；
in the middle of 在中间；
in the sun在阳光下；
in the tree在树上；
on foot步行；
on one’s way to在某人去……的路上；
on time准时，按时；
of course当然（可以）；
on display陈列，展览；
on duty值日；
one by one —个接一个；
on the earth在地球上；
on show展出；
on the left (right)在左(右)边；
on the radio通过无线电广播；
on top of... 在……顶上；
out of breath上气不接下气；
out of sight消失，看不见；
out of work失业；
to this day直到今天；
to one’s surprise (joy) 使某人吃惊(高兴）的是；
with a smile带着微笑
3. 介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配
be angry at sth. 为某事生气
be angry with sb. 跟某人生气；
be busy with... 忙于……；
be born in ... 出生于……；
be full of... 充满……；
be good at… 擅长……；
be interested in 对……感兴趣；
keep out of不让进入；
be made of... 由……制成（物理变化）；
be made from... 由……制成（化学变化）；
be pleased with sb. 对某人感到满意；
be proud of... 以……为自豪（骄傲）；
be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意；
be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求；
be sure of... 确信……；
be surprised at 对……感到惊奇（诧异)；
be tired of… 讨厌……，厌烦……；
be used to... 习惯于……；
break into (in)闯入；
catch up with跟上，赶上；
go to school去上学；
go to bed (sleep)去睡觉；
go to the cinema 去看电影；
have nothing to do with… 与……无关；
look forward to盼望，期待；
say hello to 向……问好；
take care of照顾，关心，保管；
take (catch) hold of 抓住；
take part in 参加；
【考点拓展】
1. 介词短语在句子中的位置：
介词短语做状语时，如果表示时间/地点，可以放在句首或句尾，如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较，一般放在句尾；介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后；介词短语作定语时，只能放在被修饰的名词之后。
如：He wanted to find a good job in Shanghai the next year. (状语)
The letters are for you. (表语) // Have you seen a cat with a black head and four white legs (定语)
2. 使用介词时应注意的问题
时间介词的省略。在this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each/one/all等词构成的时间短语前，一般不用at, in, on。
如：Every year travellers from abroad come to visit Pingyao. // He had a bad cold that week.
I want to buy a dictionary tomorrow. // I watched a film last night. // It is fine today.
在某些名词词组前，可以省略(也可不省)如：(on) that day, (in)the year before last。
如：He said that he helped an old man cross the street that day.
介词有时会与它的宾语分离，而且宾语前置。当宾语是疑问词时。
如：Who are you talking about
宾语在从句中当连接词时。
如：He has a younger brother who he must take good care of.
Do you know who our teacher is talking with over there
动词不定式作定语且该动词为不及物动词，后面有介词。
如：I finally found a chair to sit on.
题组1 用适当的介词填空
1.There were also differences in what people liked to do outdoors (在……之中) the three countries.
2.They love simple activities the busy, stressful world.
3.In his speech, he talked the importance of kindness.
4.She is happy and you can tell from the expression her face.
5.A the four great classical Chinese novels, my favourite is Journey to the West.
6.There is a low brick wall (在……之间) the garden and the field beyond.
7.They made each group take notes different ways.
8.When I walked the room we shared, I found Claudio sitting at my bedside.
9.“The state's summer camp could open June,”Beth Bye,the leader of the Connecticut Office of Early Childhood, said a week ago.
10.Giving concerts wasn't easy for Beth in the beginning because usually she only played drums alone in her bedroom when she came home school.
11.Singapore is also an interesting city. Large numbers of people, ideas, etc. are mixed together (在……下面)the same sky.
12.Then one day, while going out a walk, Mr Happy met Miss Beautiful.
13.“Grandpa, someone is waiting you to play chess,” I went to him and said.
14.The weather here is wonderful. It's warm and sunny, clear blue skies every day.
15.What we can learn the old man is this:if you've lost a lot over something that doesn't work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.
题组2 介词及介词短语辨析
1.Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking her into a village in Qinghai.
A.over B.past C.across D.through
2.China's first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet May 15, 2021.
A.on B.in C.at D.to
3.Football fans are often called the “12th man” because of their influence a team.
A.to B.from C.on D.at
4.Anna is taller than me. She sits me in the classroom.
A.between B.from C.behind D.among
5.The instructions tell us everything about how to make the model ship.
A.by hand B.by chance C.in detail D.in person
6.I've ordered some flowers for Grandma and they will arrive two hours.
A.in B.after C.over D.for
题组3 填空题
1.The gate is too small for an elephant to go t .
2.Chinese are fighting (对抗) the novel coronavirus bravely.
3.In a recent survey at one school, we found that (超过) two thirds of the students didn't follow a good diet.
4.It's a good idea for teenagers to eat food (没有) much fat and oil.
5.Together they designed and did the wall painting (在……期间)one school week.
6.In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known one of the “four gentlemen” in plants.
7.I am looking forward your coming. I'm sure that you will fall in love with Wuhan.
8.Do you see This is how plants talk. So don't touch plants fun. It may blame its neighbor.
9.They will clean all parts of the house e the kitchen because someone has already cleaned it.
10.Tickets are cheaper d the off season. And that's the best time to take a trip.
11.Our handwriting is good e for some grammar mistakes.
12.“There wasn't any treasure in the very first place, my son,”the father answered a smile. “But I think you have found your life's true purpose.”
13.The stone lay in the road three weeks. It was in everyone's way.
14.In the days after the lockdown, more than 30,000 medical workers from (在……各处) the country were sent to Hubei.
15.Don't walk a the street when the traffic lights are red.
题组4 选择题
1．（2023·青海·统考中考真题）The four pandas in Chongqing Zoo were born on the same day _______ 2019.
A．on B．at C．in
2．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—________ my surprise, the restaurant is a actually very nice.
—The service is also great.
A．In B．At C．On D．To
3．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）Bees (蜜蜂) can help plants grow. ________ bees, we wouldn’t have enough food.
A．From B．Like C．Except D．Without
4．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）No one helped me. I did it all ________ myself.
A．for B．of C．by D．about
5．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Everything begins to grow ________ spring. It’s full of hope.
A．in B．on C．at D．for
6．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）________ the teacher’s help, I have made much progress.
A．Thanks to B．As for C．Such as D．Up to
7．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）About 12,000 people took part in the 2023 Suqian Marathon ________ April 2.
A．at B．on C．in D．to
8．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October.
A．at B．on C．in D．to
9．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）The girl takes her dog for a walk ________ the river every evening.
A．in B．along C．over D．under
10．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）A new bridge was built ________ the Yellow River last year.
A．around B．across C．against D．along
11．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）Three Shenzhou XV heroes successfully came back to the Earth ________ June 4, 2023.
A．at B．on C．in D．until
12．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Look! The traffic light is green. We can go ________ the road now.
A．across B．above C．below D．against
13．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The newly-built teaching building provides the students ________ a comfortable learning environment.
A．for B．to C．with D．in
14．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）The 20th National Congress of the CPC was convened (召开) __________ October 16th, 2022.
A．on B．in C．by
15．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）It is impolite to speak loudly ________.
A．in danger B．in public C．in person
16．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）— Did Alan and Lily join the art club ________ June 20th, 2023
—Yes, I joined it, too.
A．on B．in C．at
17．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）Bills is ________ all the other runners. It seems that he will be the winner.
A．next to B．far from C．ahead of
18．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）China launched (发射) Shenzhou-16 manned space ship successfully ________ May 30, 2023.
A．at B．on C．in
19．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）The toy is ________ my little brother. I bought it yesterday.
A．for B．from C．by
题组5 语法选择
When a man was walking 1 some elephants, he suddenly stopped. He was confused that these huge animals were being held only 2 a small rope tied 3 their front legs. No chains, no cages. It was obvious that the elephants could break their bonds at any time, but 4 some reasons, they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why the animals just stood there and made no attempt to get away.“Well,” the trainer said, “when they were very young and much smaller, we used the same rope to keep them 5 running away. 6 that age, it was enough to hold them. As they grow up, they get used 7 believing they cannot break the rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free.”
The man was amazed. These animals could break free whenever they wanted, but because they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.
How many of us go 8 life like the elephants—holding 9 the belief that we cannot do something simply because we failed in it once before
Failure is a part of learning. If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying when we encounter failures 10 life.
1.A.with B.on C.by D.to
2.A.by B.for C.from D.at
3.A.in B.to C.with D.by
4.A.with B.at C.about D.for
5.A.to B.from C.for D.of
6.A.On B.In C.At D.For
7.A.with B.in C.to D.for
8.A.by B.on C.for D.through
9.A.to B.into C.with D.up
10.A.for B.by C.in D.to
题组6.短文填空
Back to my school
I had to stay in China for more than a year because 1 the COVID-19 pandemic. Several weeks ago, I finally went back 2 my school in the UK.
The school has made many rules to deal 3 the virus. For example, all students must wear masks when going to school. Boarders (住宿生) need to have their temperature taken every morning.
The rules in dining hall have changed as well. To keep students from different grades apart, we need to stay in our classroom 4 about 25 minutes first and then line up for about 30 minutes. However, some students don't follow these social distancing (社交隔离) rules and still chat with each other.
Students can play sports as usual, except for sports 5 soccer, rugby and hockey that have close contact. We must also take the COVID-19 tests twice a week.
Although there are still some new cases (病例) 6 the UK every day, I'm not that worried because my school has strict rules to deal with the pandemic.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
