构词法考点聚焦和精讲
【中考构词法考点聚焦】
1、转化法；2、派生法；3、合成法；4、截短法(缩略法)；5、混合法(混成法)；6、首尾字母缩略法。
英语的构词法主要有：转化法、派生法、合成法、截短法(缩略法)、混合法(混成法)和首尾字母缩略法。
一 转化法
在英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。
1. 动词转化为名词：很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。
①Let’s go out for a . 我们到外面去散步吧。
②Let’s have a . 咱们游泳吧。
③He is a man of strong . 他是一个体格健壮的汉子。
2. 名词转化为动词：很多表示物件(如下①)，身体部位(如下②)，某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词，
①Did you a seat on the plane 你订好飞机座位了吗？
②Please me the book. 请把那本书递给我。
③She her husband back to health. 她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。
④We together. 我们在一起吃了午餐。
3. 形容词转化为动词：有少数形容词可以转化为动词。
1.We will try our best to our living conditions. 我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
2.He down at the crossroad. 他在十字路口减速。
3.Please up the cold meat. 请把冷肉热一下。
4. 副词转化为动词：有少数副词可转化为动词。
Murder will . (谚语)恶事终必将败露。
5. 形容词转化为名词：表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下①)；某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，做主语时，谓语用复数(如下②)。
①You should be dressed in at the funeral. 你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。
② in our village are living a happy life. 我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。
二 派生法
在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫做派生法。加在单词前面的词缀叫前缀，加在单词后面的词缀叫后缀。
1. 前缀：除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。
（1）表示否定意义的前缀，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。常用的否定前缀有：
前 缀 例 词
dis- 主要加在名词、形容词，动词之前 disappear消失；dislike 不喜欢；dishonest 不诚实的；disorder混乱，骚乱；disadvantage缺点；dishonorable不光彩的；disagree不同意；dissimilar不同的
im- 加在字母m, b, p之前 impossible不可能的；impolite粗鲁的，无礼的
in- 常加在形容词，名词之前 incorrect不正确的；informal非正式的；indirect间接的；inability无能力；inaccurate不准确的
mis- 加在动词、名词前 mistake 错误；misuse 错用misunderstand误解；misjudge误判；misfortune不幸；
un- 主要放于名词，形容词，副词前面 unhappy不愉快的；unlucky 不幸的；untrue 不真实的；unfair不公平的；unknown未知的，陌生的；unable不会/能的；unfriendly 不友好的；unhealthy不健康的
non- 加在形容词、名词前 non-existence不存在；non-essential非本质的，不重要的non-smoker 非吸烟者
ir- 放在以r开头的英语单词前面 irregular不稳固的；irresistable不可抵抗的、irresolvable不能分解的，不能解决的
de- 加在名词、形容词前 demobilize遣散，使…复员；decolor 脱色，漂白
anti- 加在名词、形容词前边 anti-Japanese抗日战争；antigas防毒气的；antisocial反社会的
counter- 加在名词、动词前 counterattack反攻，反击；counteract抵抗阻碍；counterrevolution反革命
il- 主要加在以1开头的单词的前边 illegal非法的；illiterate文盲的 没有文化的；illogical不合逻辑的
（2）表示其他意义的前缀常用的有：
前 缀 例 词
a- 多构成表语形容词 alone单独的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的
auto- 表示“自动” autochart自动图表；autobiography自传；Autonomous自治的
co- 表示“共同” cooperate合作；co-worker同事
down- 表示“往下” download下载；downstairs下楼
en- 表示“使……” enjoy使高兴；endanger（使）遇危险；enlarge变大；enable（使）能够
fore- 表示“前的” forehead额头；foresee预见
inter- 表示“互相，在……之间” internet互联网；international国际的
kilo- 表示“千” kilometre千米，公里；kilogram千克，公斤
man-表示“人，由人” man-made人造的，人工的，合成的
mid- 表示“中间的” midnight 午夜；mid-autumn中秋
micro- 表示“微观的，小的” microfilm缩微胶卷；microphone话筒；micro-economy微观经济
re- 表示“重新，再；又” reuse再用；retell复述；rewrite重写；rebuild重建
sub- 表示“下面的；次；小” subway地铁；subconscious下（潜）意识；submarine潜艇
super- 表示“超级的” superman 超人；supermarket超市；supergirl超级女孩
tele- 表示“远的，电信的（强调距离）” telephone电话；telegraph；电报；telescope望远镜；television 电视
2. 后缀：英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。
（1）构成名词的后缀常用的有
后 缀 例 词
-(a)n 表示“某国人” Australian澳大利亚人；Italian意大利人；Canadian加拿大人；European欧洲人
-ance, -ence表示“性质，程度” attendance出勤率；acceptance接受；assistance帮助；dependence依靠
-ce表示“性质，程度” difference不同之处；importance重要性；patience耐性；
-ese 表示“某国人” Japanese日本人；Chinese中国人；Vietnamese越南人
-ess表示“雌性” actress女演员；lioness 母狮子
-(e)r表示“从事某事的人” teacher教师；singer歌手；driver司机；writer作家；runner跑步者；winner胜利者
-ful 表示某容器的容量 handful一把的；mouthful一口之量的；glassful一杯之量的
-hood表示关系或抽象意义 motherhood母亲身份；childhood童年；girlhood少女时代；neighborhood邻居
-ian表示“精通……的人” musician音乐家
-ing表示“动作的过程，结果” feeling感觉，触觉；感情，情绪；reading阅读，朗读；读物；building建筑；建筑物
-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition，表示“行为的过程，结果，状况” action行动；solution解决方案；conclusion结论；结局； expression表达；correction改正，修正；pronunciation发音；读法；invitation邀请；decision决定；discussion讨论
-ist表示“专业人员” pianist 钢琴家；scientist 科学家；artist艺术家；typist打字员；violinist小提琴家
-ment表示“性质；状态” agreement 协议；movement 运动；development发展；punishment惩罚
-ness表示“性质；状态” happiness 幸福；business 事务；illness疾病；sadness悲痛；kindness和蔼；greatness伟大
-or表示“从事某事的人” actor 演员；sailor 海员；visitor访问者，参观者；inventor发明家/人；创造者
-ship 表示状态、抽象概念 friendship友谊；membership会员资格；leadership领导权；relationship关系
-th warmth温暖；truth 真理；length 长度；youth青年；death死亡；growth成长
-ty 表示特性或情况 difficulty困难；safety安全；beauty美人；ability能力
-ure表示“行为，结果” failure失败；故障；pleasure快乐；希望；娱乐；令人高兴的事
（2）构成动词的后缀常用的有
后 缀 例 词
-(e)n多用于形容词名词 后变动词“使得，变得” widen加宽；sharpen 削 ；变尖；loosen 使松散；strengthen加强；lessen减少
-fy表示“使……化” beautify美化；purify提纯
-ize表示“使……成为” realize意识到；organize组织
（3）构成形容词的后缀常用的有
后 缀 例 词
-able表示“有能力的” reasonable有道理的；eatable 能吃的；enjoyable 令人愉快的
-al natural自然的；national 民族的，国家的；
-an/ian表示“某国(人)的” American美国（人）的；Australian澳大利亚（人）的；Indian印度（人）的
-ed moved受感动的
-en 多用于表示材料的名词后“由……构成的” woolen羊毛的；羊毛制的；golden金的；wooden木制的；frighten恐吓
-ent/-ant pleasant令人愉快的；dependent依赖的；different不同的
-ern表示“方向的” eastern东方的；southern南方的；northern北方的western西方的
-ese表示“某国人的” Chinese中国人的；Japanese日本人的
-ful beautiful美丽的；careful小心的；powerful强大的；colorful多彩的
-ing moving 感动的；encouraging 鼓舞人心的；exciting令人激动的；interesting有趣的
-(ic)al electric/electrical 电的；historic有历史性的；economical经济的；political政治的；scientific科学的
-ish childish孩子气的；selfish自私的；womanish像女人的；bookish书呆子气的
-ive active积极的，collective集体的 ；decisive决定性的；native本国的
-less 表示“否定” careless 粗心的；useless 无用的；hopeless希望渺茫的；countless不可数的；helpless无助的
-like表示“像……的” girllike像女孩一样的；boylike像男孩一样的；motherlike像母亲一样的
-ly friendly友好的；yearly每年的；monthly每月的，weekly每周的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的
-ous famous著名的；continuous连续不断的；delicious可口的
-some handsome英俊的，大方的；gladsome愉快的；tiresome疲惫的；lonesome孤独的
-(t)y thirsty口渴的；noisy喧闹的；healthy健康的
-y 表示“天气” snowy雪的；rainy下雨的；cloudy多云的；dusty多尘的
【注意】后缀词-ing与-ed的区别：加-ing的后缀词形容词主语一般为物，表示“令人……的”；加-ed的后缀词形容词，主语一般为人，表示“某人感到……”。如：
The movie was very interesting. All of us were interested in it. 那部电影很有趣。我们所有的人都对它感兴趣。（interesting指的是电影有兴趣，而interested指的是人对电影感兴趣）
（4）构成副词的常用后缀有
后 缀 例 词
-ly主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度 angrily生气地；slowly慢慢地，beautifully美丽地；terribly可怕地
-ward(s) 主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向 towards朝……，向……；eastward向东方地；backwards向后退地；upwards向上地；westward向西地；homeward向家去地
-wise otherwise否则；likewise同样地；clockwise顺时针方向地；
（5）构成数词的后缀有
后 缀 例 词
-teen (十几) thirteen三十；fourteen十四；fifteen十五；sixteen十六；eighteen十八；nineteen十九
-ty (几十) twenty二十；thirty三十；forty四十；fifty五十；sixty六十；eighty八十nine→ninety九十
-th (构成序数词) fifth第五； sixth第六；sixteenth第十六；fortieth第四十；twenty-first第二十一
三 合成法
1．合成名词
⑴名词＋名词：weekend ； ⑵名词＋动词：daybreak ；
⑶动名词＋名词：reading-room ； ⑷代词＋名词：she-wolf ；
⑸动词＋名词：typewriter ； ⑹名词＋及物动词＋er/or：pain-killer ；
⑺形容词＋名词：gentleman ； ⑻介词＋名词：afternoon ；
⑼现在分词＋名词：flying-fish ； ⑽副词＋动词：outbreak ；
⑾名词＋动名词：handwriting ； ⑿名词＋介词＋名词：editor-in-chief ；
2．合成形容词
⑴名词＋形容词 snow-white ⑵名词＋现在分词 English-speaking
⑶名词＋to＋名词 face-to-face ⑷名词＋过去分词 man-made
⑸数词＋名词 one-way ⑹数词＋名词＋形容词 two-year-old
⑺数词＋名词＋ed five-storeyed ⑻动词＋副词 see-through
⑼形容词＋名词 high-class ⑽形容词＋名词＋ed noble-minded
⑾形容词＋形容词 light-blue ⑿形容词＋现在分词 good-looking
⒀副词＋形容词 ever-green ⒁副词＋现在分词 hard-working
⒂副词＋过去分词 well-known ⒃副词＋名词 fast-food
⒄介词＋名词 downhill
3．合成动词：⑴ 名词＋动词sleep-walk ⑵ 形容词＋动词white-wash ⑶ 副词＋动词overthrow
4．合成副词：⑴ 形容词＋名词hotfoot ⑵ 形容词＋副词everywhere
⑶ 副词＋副词however ⑷介词＋名词beforehand ⑸介词＋副词forever
5．合成代词 ⑴ 代词宾格＋self herself ⑵ 物主代词＋self myself ⑶ 形容词＋名词anything
6．合成介词 ⑴副词＋名词inside ⑵介词＋副词within ⑶副词＋介词into
考点四 截短法(缩略法)
截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。
1．截头：telephone→phone; aeroplane→plane; omnibus→bus
2．去尾：mathematics→maths; co-operate→co-op; examination→exam; kilogram→kilo;
laboratory→lab; taxicab→taxi; Monday→Mon.; January→Jan.
3．截头去尾：influenza→flu; refrigerator→fridge; prescription→script
考点五 混合法(混成法)
混合法是将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表示主体；前半部分表示属性。如：news broadcast→newscast新闻广播；television broadcast→telecast电视播送；
smoke and fog→smog烟雾；helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场。
考点六 首尾字母缩略法
首尾字母缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。如：very important person →VIP (读字母音)要人；大人物；television →TV (读字母音)电视；
Testing of English as a Foreign Language →TOEFL托福；North Atlantic Treaty Organization →Nato北大西洋公约组织；save our ship →SOS 国际呼救信号； World Trade Organization →WTO世界贸易组织
一．词形变换
1．It is ___________(polite) to point at others when eating things.
2．I accepted an _____________(invite) to the meeting from my boss.
3．Qian Xuesen became _____________(interest) in science when he was a young boy.
4．(2021·盐城)Choose _________(wise) how you spend your spare time and with whom you spend it.
5．You must be __________(patience) with your students.
6．Our geography teacher helps us know more about the __________(nature) world.
7．It is ____________(danger) for a girl to go out alone at night.
8．I wonder if I should tell her the _______ (true)．
9. Take the medicine ______ a day before meals, the you will be better. (two)
10. Do you know the ______ between the twins in front of you (different)
11. Everyone in our school hope Zhong Nanshan works less and lives______. (health)
12. Of all the languages, which do you think is ______. (difficult)
13. When people have difficulty___________(solve) the problems, most of them often keep in silence.
14. Tim is a good boy boy. He is always ___________(friend) to his classmates.
15. At the ______ of the class, Mr Tang told us that Yuan Longping passed away yesterday. (begin)
16. You should brush your ______ twice a day to keep them healthy. (tooth)
17. It’s very ______for a dog to cross a busy street. (danger)
18. Jane’s mother looked tired and ______. What happened to her (worry)
19. I don’t believe it is the__________. Something must be hidden.(true)
20. My deskmate looked _____________, for he failed in the English test. (happy)
21. The young lady looked ____________ at me because I used her pen just now . (angry)
22. Everyone is trying his best to solve the________problems.(environment)
23. It’s really ________ for him to get there on time because he couldn’t catch up with the last train. (possible)
24. The old man likes to live alone.Every day he reads newspaper________ in the garden. (quiet)
25. He is a great scientist from _________. (German)
26. The girl is the most __________ member in the school dancing group. (act)
27. I am not used to the weather in Guangxi. It is __________. (change)
28. ________, I have just got enough money to buy the new books. (lucky)
29. Staying up at night is __________ to our health.(harm)
30. They will find some suitable ways to help those ___________ (home) people
31. The children often get _______(noise) in the classroom after class.
32. Sometimes he spends his weekend ________(fish), so his wife is always angry with him.
33. Several _______(foreign) came to visit our school last week, so I had a chance to talk with them.
34. I think the red skirt looks as ______(good)as the green one.
35. John just got his _____(driver) license. However, no one dares to get on his car.
36. Look! Mrs Green is there. Let’s go and say hello to______(she)
37. My dadr often _____(enjoy) the TV plays in the evening.
38. Talking loudly in a library is very______(polite).
39. After two hours’ discussion, they ______________ (final) reached an agreement.
40. Usually news are ________________ (record) first and sent out later.
41. John looks at his watch from time to time. Why is he so ________________ (patient)
42. How lucky the ______________ (win) of the game show is! A seven-day trip abroad for free! 43. The party yesterday was a big __________(succeed). Everyone had a good time.
二
根据句子意思，用括号中所给英语单词的适当形式填空。
（一）
1. Even a child knows September is the ______ month of a year.（nine）
2. Our notebook computer ______ 5 pounds and costs about $2,000.（weigh）
3. Yesterday I ______ a new dress at the Macy’s for my mum.（buy）
4. I didn’t want to be treated ______ from anyone else.（different）
5. She was ______ in the kitchen when the light went out.（serve）
（二）
1. He ______ (be) a volunteer in Ya-an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.
2. Mr. Jiang is a learned person, and he has lots of ______ (know).
3. The little girl is very kind and she always talks to people ______ (polite).
4. All the _____ (village) living conditions have greatly in recent years.
5. My teacher did what he could ______ (make) his class lively.
（三）
1. How __________(care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off the table again!
2. Jason didn’t hear the ring, for he_________(water) the flowers in the back yard.
3. Does Gold Theatre have___________(comfort) seats of the five in your city
4. Now Mom feels much better after taking the _________(medical).
5. A little bird__________(fly) in through the open window and she set it free at once.
（四）
1. At weekends, Nancy enjoys ______ (read) comic books at home.
2. —Wild animals are our friends. —I agree with you. We must ______ (treat) them with kindness.
3. —Where is Petr from —He is French, if I remember ______ (correct).
4. —This pair of shoes is too tight. Could I try a pair in a ______ (big) size
—Of course. Here you are.
5. —Paul, please e-mail me those ______ (professor) weekly reports as soon as possible. —OK! No problem.
6. Stephen is a member of an ______ (organize) which protects rivers and lakes in China.
（五）
1. The Internet is _______ (wide) used in most families in our country today.
2. This e-dictionary doesn’t belong to ________ (I). It’s Sandy’s.
3. ________ (child) Day is my favourite festival in the year.
4. I think this problem is much ________ (easy) than that one.
5. I’m looking forward to ________ (meet) my old friend, Jim, this Sunday.
6. We won’t go for a picnic if it ________ (rain) this weekend.
7. It’s necessary for us ________ (understand) the importance of health care.
8. A year ________ (divide) into twelve different star signs in some Western countries.
（六）
He has much ______ (interesting) in collecting stamps.
Believe in ______ (you), Tony, and you are sure to succeed.
I found something important in ______ (today) newspaper.
More trees and flowers should ______ (plant) to make our hometown beautiful.
Don’t worry, Kitty. With our help, you will do much ______ (well) next time.
More and more people in the world are ______ (begin) to learn Mandarin(普通话).
It’s such a ______ (wonder) song that we all like it.
Yao Ming is one of the most popular basketball ______ (play) around the world.
Both coats look nice on me. I really don’t know which ______ (choose).
I saw our math teacher talking with John when I ______ (pass) his office.
（七）
1. A large number of _____ (foreign) visit Guizhou province these years.
2. Thank goodness! The letter I was looking forward to _____ (reach) me at last.
3. Hainan Island is a ______ (wonder) place to spend summer.
4. The dinner room must _____ (clean) three times a day.
5. My cousin is used to _______ (study) with his new friends in Australia.
（八）
1. A friend of (I) is getting married next month.
2. Jane would like to live on the (three) floor .
3. The actress is in her forties. I thought she was much (young)!
4. The man was breathing (heavy) and had blood on his shirt.
5. Every year a lot of (tour) go to Beijing to see the Great Wall.
（九）
1. _______a bike to the side must be a lot more fun. I can't wait. (ride)
2. It is ______for me to do too many things in two days. Can you help me (possible)
3. —“Who's that girl over there ”—“She's Susan, a friend of_____”(I)
4. Brad is my younger brother. He had a special party for his_____ birthday yesterday. ( five)
5. Lots of people surf the Internet to look for some ______about the missing plane. (information )
（十）
1. There are (seventh) small apples in the bowl.
2. Mona also bought an alarm clock yesterday. I compared my alarm clock with (her).
3. Everyone knows that (library) are places for people to study.
4. Listen. Do you hear the sound of birds outside Thanks to your ears, you can hear it ______ (clear).
5. It is said that (tomorrow) sports meeting has been put off because of the bad weather.
6. His two daughters are very (difference) from each other.
7. The (win) of the photo competition was a 30-year-old man from Shanghai.
8. Mr Smith and his son used to smoke, but they (like) smoking now because they think it’s unhealthy.
（十一）
1. Eating too much sweet is bad for your _________(tooth).
2. He is a _________(honest)boy so we seldom believe what he says.
3.We Chinese will celebrate the _____(ninety) birthday of the Chinese Communist Party(中国共产党)in many ways.
4. In the modern world, people often contact each other by _______ (send) e-mails.
5. To keep healthy, I decide ______(exercise) half an hour every day.
6. When traveling, you’d better take a map with ________ (you).
7. The students in Class 2 are having a _________(discuss) about how to achieve a balance between study and play.
8. Though she answered the teacher’s questions _________(incorrect),the teacher didn’t blame her.
9. More and more people have their own cars. That’s why there’s ________(heavy)traffic than before.
10.—Why are you so happy today —Because I _____(win)the badminton match.
（十二）
1. Paper making is a great ______ (invent) of ancient China.
2. My dream is to be a famous doctor and save patients' ______ (life).
3. The little boy is so ______ (care) that he often leaves his homework at home.
4. The CD can help you know______ (wide) the knowledge of geography.
5. It's reported that the haze（雾霾）in February, 2014 is the ______ (serious) one these years in China.
6. Oh, dear! My iphone doesn't work. Would you please lend me ______ (you)
7. Our teachers often tell us ______ (calm) down first when we are in danger.
8. There ______ (be) an English Summer Camp next e and join us.
9. China _______(send) up several Shenzhou manned spacecraft into space since 2003.
10. The TV program Super Brain（最强大脑）is so fantastic that it is well worth ______ ( watch)．
（十三）
1. —Can you tell me something about Thanksgiving Day
—It comes on the (four) Thursday in November in the USA.
2. —Can he ask Mr. Black for help —Sorry. He should solve the problem by (he).
3. —Joe, would you please drive a little (fast) than before
—No hurry. We have enough time before the train leaves. []
4. —How many (visit) come to Jingzhou every year —More than one million, I think.
5. —What do you think of that clever boy
—He is a very (succeed) student, because he is interested in study.
（十四）
1. The ______ Sunday in May is Mother's Day. (two)
2. The teacher told us not to go______ alone in the river, (swim)
3. I want to be an______ when I grow up. (invent)
4. Shouting in public is______. (polite)
5. We are ______ about the good news. (excite)
6. The______ we exercise, the healthier we'll get. (much)
7. It is______ that many drinks are bad for our health, (say)
8. As a student, we should listen to teachers ______. (careful)
9. It is very cold outside. You had better ______ on a coat, (put)
10. He told me he ______ go to the Great Wall tomorrow, (will)
（十五）
1. My family live on the （five）floor of the tall building.
2. Simon and Linda didn't tell us the news. They wanted to keep the secret to （they）.
3. Young （read）are crazy about Guo Jingming's books.
4. Listen! The lovely birds are singing nicely and （soft）in the trees.
5. Ricky had a （please）trip to Lushan Mountain last spring.
（十六）
1. If Simon _______ (have) time next weekend, he will go to the zoo.
2. How _______(care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off the table again!
3. Yesterday was the _______ (hot) day of the year.
4. It seemed that the victim had many ______ (enemy).
5. I’m patient. I don’t mind _______ (wait) for people.
（十七）
1. The children often get _______(noise) in the classroom after class .
2. Sometimes he spends his weekend ________(fish).
3. Several _______(foreign)came to visit our school last week.
4. I think the red skirt looks as ______(good)as the green one .
5. John just got his _____(driver) license.
6. Look! Mrs Li is there. Let’s go and say hello to______(she)
7. My mother often_____(enjoy) the TV plays in the evening.
8. Talking loudly in a library is very______(polite).
（十八）
1. They are trying to do something ______(help) the old.
2. Sally prefers staying at home to ______(go) out on Sundays.
3. How is your uncle Please say hello to ____(he) for me.
4. Nancy is too young to look after _______(she).Don’t leave her alone.
5. Recently the drought(干旱) is serious in the ______(south) part of China.
6. Today most students can go to high school for further _______(educate) in our country.
7. We’re doing a lot of activities to celebrate the _____(ninety) birthday of the Communist Party of China(中国共产党) this year.
（十九）
1. What should we do to help the _______(home) people after the earthquake
2. We do lots of outdoor _______(active) when spring comes.
3. By the time I got outside, the school bus _______ (leave).
4. Tim was seen ______ (get) out of the subway at the station on Centre Street.
5. I’ve bought a present for my father’s______(forty)birthday.
（二十）
1. You can make a ______ (choose) among those programmes.
2. The little girl came here by train all by ______ (she).
3. The lady looks much younger in this ______ (fashion) dress.
4. Of the winters in recent years, last winter was the ______ (dry) one.
5. The doctors in the hospital are trying a new ______ (treat) for cancer.
（二十一）
1. Climb up to the _____ floor, and you can enjoy a better view. ( eleven )
2. _____, Grace made up her mind to live abroad with her daughter. ( final )
3. It is a very _____ book for language learners to improve writing skills. ( use )
4. Don't worry about your son. He is old enough to be independent and live by _____. ( he )
5. The movie Kungfu panda 11 is sure to _____ a large number of teenagers. ( attractive )
6. If you don’t go on a diet, it is _____ for you to lose weight. ( possible )
7. The local people had to move away because of the serious _____ . ( pollute )
8. The great _____ gave his first show in Shanghai and the tickets sold out in minutes. (art)
（二十二）
1. The twin brothers always keep ______ (argue) about what TV programmes to watch.
2. It’s easy for local people ______ (choose) various goods in Sunnyside Shopping Mall.
3. Students in some junior schools can ______ (learn) to play tennis or baseball in PE lessons.
4. The Bruce family had to give up camping in the Purple Mountain on such a ______ (fog) day.
5. Many students are ______ (happy) with too much homework. They need more time for their hobbies.
（二十三）
1. He _____ (weight) only 70 kilos now after taking a balanced diet.
2. Sometimes, body language in communication is a wonderful way _____ (express) ourselves.
3. There is no doubt that Moyan is a great _____ (succeed) with Nobel Prize.
4. The government should encourage social groups to care for the disabled who ______ (have) difficulty in life.
5. The songs _____ (full) of strong feelings remind us of the “good old days”.
6. Some inventions that led to the colorful movies are on show, _____ (include) cameras.
（二十四）
1. There will be a composition contest named “My Good Teacher” to celebrate the ________(30) Teachers’ Day.
2. When Tom was young, his parents were so busy that they always left him alone by_____ (he).
3. There are six__________(French) talking loudly in the room.
4. It rains____________(heavy) in Guizhou when the peaches and plum are ready to eat June .
5. The ________ (deep) you are in understanding, the better you’ll be in your work.
6. The cook _________ (cut) up the bananas and mixed it with milk. The milk shake tasted very delicious.
7. Let’s stop _______ (exercise) unhealthily, and we can make a better life.
8. He does his best in order that the books can ________(sell) out.
9. We should be brave when we meet illness and __________(difficult).
10. It is _______ (luck) for him to lose his wallet and cellphone on the playground.
（二十五）
1. Justin Bieber′s first single, One Time, is about one of his favourite ______(topic), puppy l
2. The first computers were built in the 1940s, They were even ______ (big) than cars.
3. Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are good for your memory to work _____ (proper).
4. I got a new bicycle from my father on my (sixteen)birthday. I like it very much.
5. Niushou Hill is an area of natural______ (beautiful). It attracts lots of tourists every spring.
6. Wearing a smile on your face not only helps you make friends but also makes you (feel) better.
1构词法考点聚焦和精讲
【中考构词法考点聚焦】
1、转化法；2、派生法；3、合成法；4、截短法(缩略法)；5、混合法(混成法)；6、首尾字母缩略法。
英语的构词法主要有：转化法、派生法、合成法、截短法(缩略法)、混合法(混成法)和首尾字母缩略法。
一 转化法
在英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。
1. 动词转化为名词：很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。
①Let’s go out for a walk. 我们到外面去散步吧。
②Let’s have a swim. 咱们游泳吧。
③He is a man of strong build. 他是一个体格健壮的汉子。
2. 名词转化为动词：很多表示物件(如下①)，身体部位(如下②)，某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词，
①Did you book a seat on the plane 你订好飞机座位了吗？
②Please hand me the book. 请把那本书递给我。
③She nursed her husband back to health. 她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。
④We lunched together. 我们在一起吃了午餐。
3. 形容词转化为动词：有少数形容词可以转化为动词。
1.We will try our best to better our living conditions. 我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
2.He slowed down at the crossroad. 他在十字路口减速。
3.Please warm up the cold meat. 请把冷肉热一下。
4. 副词转化为动词：有少数副词可转化为动词。
Murder will out. (谚语)恶事终必将败露。
5. 形容词转化为名词：表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下①)；某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，做主语时，谓语用复数(如下②)。
①You should be dressed in black at the funeral. 你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。
②The old in our village are living a happy life. 我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。
二 派生法
在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫做派生法。加在单词前面的词缀叫前缀，加在单词后面的词缀叫后缀。
1. 前缀：除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。
（1）表示否定意义的前缀，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。常用的否定前缀有：
前 缀 例 词
dis- 主要加在名词、形容词，动词之前 disappear消失；dislike 不喜欢；dishonest 不诚实的；disorder混乱，骚乱；disadvantage缺点；dishonorable不光彩的；disagree不同意；dissimilar不同的
im- 加在字母m, b, p之前 impossible不可能的；impolite粗鲁的，无礼的
in- 常加在形容词，名词之前 incorrect不正确的；informal非正式的；indirect间接的；inability无能力；inaccurate不准确的
mis- 加在动词、名词前 mistake 错误；misuse 错用misunderstand误解；misjudge误判；misfortune不幸；
un- 主要放于名词，形容词，副词前面 unhappy不愉快的；unlucky 不幸的；untrue 不真实的；unfair不公平的；unknown未知的，陌生的；unable不会/能的；unfriendly 不友好的；unhealthy不健康的
non- 加在形容词、名词前 non-existence不存在；non-essential非本质的，不重要的non-smoker 非吸烟者
ir- 放在以r开头的英语单词前面 irregular不稳固的；irresistable不可抵抗的、irresolvable不能分解的，不能解决的
de- 加在名词、形容词前 demobilize遣散，使…复员；decolor 脱色，漂白
anti- 加在名词、形容词前边 anti-Japanese抗日战争；antigas防毒气的；antisocial反社会的
counter- 加在名词、动词前 counterattack反攻，反击；counteract抵抗阻碍；counterrevolution反革命
il- 主要加在以1开头的单词的前边 illegal非法的；illiterate文盲的 没有文化的；illogical不合逻辑的
（2）表示其他意义的前缀常用的有：
前 缀 例 词
a- 多构成表语形容词 alone单独的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的
auto- 表示“自动” autochart自动图表；autobiography自传；Autonomous自治的
co- 表示“共同” cooperate合作；co-worker同事
down- 表示“往下” download下载；downstairs下楼
en- 表示“使……” enjoy使高兴；endanger（使）遇危险；enlarge变大；enable（使）能够
fore- 表示“前的” forehead额头；foresee预见
inter- 表示“互相，在……之间” internet互联网；international国际的
kilo- 表示“千” kilometre千米，公里；kilogram千克，公斤
man-表示“人，由人” man-made人造的，人工的，合成的
mid- 表示“中间的” midnight 午夜；mid-autumn中秋
micro- 表示“微观的，小的” microfilm缩微胶卷；microphone话筒；micro-economy微观经济
re- 表示“重新，再；又” reuse再用；retell复述；rewrite重写；rebuild重建
sub- 表示“下面的；次；小” subway地铁；subconscious下（潜）意识；submarine潜艇
super- 表示“超级的” superman 超人；supermarket超市；supergirl超级女孩
tele- 表示“远的，电信的（强调距离）” telephone电话；telegraph；电报；telescope望远镜；television 电视
2. 后缀：英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。
（1）构成名词的后缀常用的有
后 缀 例 词
-(a)n 表示“某国人” Australian澳大利亚人；Italian意大利人；Canadian加拿大人；European欧洲人
-ance, -ence表示“性质，程度” attendance出勤率；acceptance接受；assistance帮助；dependence依靠
-ce表示“性质，程度” difference不同之处；importance重要性；patience耐性；
-ese 表示“某国人” Japanese日本人；Chinese中国人；Vietnamese越南人
-ess表示“雌性” actress女演员；lioness 母狮子
-(e)r表示“从事某事的人” teacher教师；singer歌手；driver司机；writer作家；runner跑步者；winner胜利者
-ful 表示某容器的容量 handful一把的；mouthful一口之量的；glassful一杯之量的
-hood表示关系或抽象意义 motherhood母亲身份；childhood童年；girlhood少女时代；neighborhood邻居
-ian表示“精通……的人” musician音乐家
-ing表示“动作的过程，结果” feeling感觉，触觉；感情，情绪；reading阅读，朗读；读物；building建筑；建筑物
-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition，表示“行为的过程，结果，状况” action行动；solution解决方案；conclusion结论；结局； expression表达；correction改正，修正；pronunciation发音；读法；invitation邀请；decision决定；discussion讨论
-ist表示“专业人员” pianist 钢琴家；scientist 科学家；artist艺术家；typist打字员；violinist小提琴家
-ment表示“性质；状态” agreement 协议；movement 运动；development发展；punishment惩罚
-ness表示“性质；状态” happiness 幸福；business 事务；illness疾病；sadness悲痛；kindness和蔼；greatness伟大
-or表示“从事某事的人” actor 演员；sailor 海员；visitor访问者，参观者；inventor发明家/人；创造者
-ship 表示状态、抽象概念 friendship友谊；membership会员资格；leadership领导权；relationship关系
-th warmth温暖；truth 真理；length 长度；youth青年；death死亡；growth成长
-ty 表示特性或情况 difficulty困难；safety安全；beauty美人；ability能力
-ure表示“行为，结果” failure失败；故障；pleasure快乐；希望；娱乐；令人高兴的事
（2）构成动词的后缀常用的有
后 缀 例 词
-(e)n多用于形容词名词 后变动词“使得，变得” widen加宽；sharpen 削 ；变尖；loosen 使松散；strengthen加强；lessen减少
-fy表示“使……化” beautify美化；purify提纯
-ize表示“使……成为” realize意识到；organize组织
（3）构成形容词的后缀常用的有
后 缀 例 词
-able表示“有能力的” reasonable有道理的；eatable 能吃的；enjoyable 令人愉快的
-al natural自然的；national 民族的，国家的；
-an/ian表示“某国(人)的” American美国（人）的；Australian澳大利亚（人）的；Indian印度（人）的
-ed moved受感动的
-en 多用于表示材料的名词后“由……构成的” woolen羊毛的；羊毛制的；golden金的；wooden木制的；frighten恐吓
-ent/-ant pleasant令人愉快的；dependent依赖的；different不同的
-ern表示“方向的” eastern东方的；southern南方的；northern北方的western西方的
-ese表示“某国人的” Chinese中国人的；Japanese日本人的
-ful beautiful美丽的；careful小心的；powerful强大的；colorful多彩的
-ing moving 感动的；encouraging 鼓舞人心的；exciting令人激动的；interesting有趣的
-(ic)al electric/electrical 电的；historic有历史性的；economical经济的；political政治的；scientific科学的
-ish childish孩子气的；selfish自私的；womanish像女人的；bookish书呆子气的
-ive active积极的，collective集体的 ；decisive决定性的；native本国的
-less 表示“否定” careless 粗心的；useless 无用的；hopeless希望渺茫的；countless不可数的；helpless无助的
-like表示“像……的” girllike像女孩一样的；boylike像男孩一样的；motherlike像母亲一样的
-ly friendly友好的；yearly每年的；monthly每月的，weekly每周的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的
-ous famous著名的；continuous连续不断的；delicious可口的
-some handsome英俊的，大方的；gladsome愉快的；tiresome疲惫的；lonesome孤独的
-(t)y thirsty口渴的；noisy喧闹的；healthy健康的
-y 表示“天气” snowy雪的；rainy下雨的；cloudy多云的；dusty多尘的
【注意】后缀词-ing与-ed的区别：加-ing的后缀词形容词主语一般为物，表示“令人……的”；加-ed的后缀词形容词，主语一般为人，表示“某人感到……”。如：
The movie was very interesting. All of us were interested in it. 那部电影很有趣。我们所有的人都对它感兴趣。（interesting指的是电影有兴趣，而interested指的是人对电影感兴趣）
（4）构成副词的常用后缀有
后 缀 例 词
-ly主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度 angrily生气地；slowly慢慢地，beautifully美丽地；terribly可怕地
-ward(s) 主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向 towards朝……，向……；eastward向东方地；backwards向后退地；upwards向上地；westward向西地；homeward向家去地
-wise otherwise否则；likewise同样地；clockwise顺时针方向地；
（5）构成数词的后缀有
后 缀 例 词
-teen (十几) thirteen三十；fourteen十四；fifteen十五；sixteen十六；eighteen十八；nineteen十九
-ty (几十) twenty二十；thirty三十；forty四十；fifty五十；sixty六十；eighty八十nine→ninety九十
-th (构成序数词) fifth第五； sixth第六；sixteenth第十六；fortieth第四十；twenty-first第二十一
三 合成法
1．合成名词
⑴名词＋名词：weekend周末； ⑵名词＋动词：daybreak黎明；
⑶动名词＋名词：reading-room阅览室； ⑷代词＋名词：she-wolf母狼；
⑸动词＋名词：typewriter打字机； ⑹名词＋及物动词＋er/or：pain-killer止痛药；
⑺形容词＋名词：gentleman绅士； ⑻介词＋名词：afternoon下午；
⑼现在分词＋名词：flying-fish飞鱼； ⑽副词＋动词：outbreak爆发；
⑾名词＋动名词：handwriting书法； ⑿名词＋介词＋名词：editor-in-chief总编辑；
2．合成形容词
⑴名词＋形容词 snow-white雪白的 ⑵名词＋现在分词 English-speaking讲英语的
⑶名词＋to＋名词 face-to-face面对面的 ⑷名词＋过去分词 man-made人造的
⑸数词＋名词 one-way单行的 ⑹数词＋名词＋形容词 two-year-old两岁的
⑺数词＋名词＋ed five-storeyed五层的 ⑻动词＋副词 see-through透明的
⑼形容词＋名词 high-class高级的 ⑽形容词＋名词＋ed noble-minded高尚的
⑾形容词＋形容词 light-blue浅蓝色的 ⑿形容词＋现在分词 good-looking相貌好看的
⒀副词＋形容词 ever-green常青的 ⒁副词＋现在分词 hard-working勤劳的
⒂副词＋过去分词 well-known著名的 ⒃副词＋名词 fast-food专门提供快餐服务的
⒄介词＋名词 downhill下坡的
3．合成动词：⑴ 名词＋动词sleep-walk梦游 ⑵ 形容词＋动词white-wash粉刷 ⑶ 副词＋动词overthrow推翻
4．合成副词：⑴ 形容词＋名词hotfoot匆忙地 ⑵ 形容词＋副词everywhere到处
⑶ 副词＋副词however尽管如此 ⑷介词＋名词beforehand事先 ⑸介词＋副词forever永远
5．合成代词 ⑴ 代词宾格＋self herself她自己 ⑵ 物主代词＋self myself我自己 ⑶ 形容词＋名词anything任何东西
6．合成介词 ⑴副词＋名词inside在……里面 ⑵介词＋副词within在……之内 ⑶副词＋介词into进入
考点四 截短法(缩略法)
截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。
1．截头：telephone→phone; aeroplane→plane; omnibus→bus
2．去尾：mathematics→maths; co-operate→co-op; examination→exam; kilogram→kilo;
laboratory→lab; taxicab→taxi; Monday→Mon.; January→Jan.
3．截头去尾：influenza→flu; refrigerator→fridge; prescription→script
考点五 混合法(混成法)
混合法是将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表示主体；前半部分表示属性。如：news broadcast→newscast新闻广播；television broadcast→telecast电视播送；
smoke and fog→smog烟雾；helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场。
考点六 首尾字母缩略法
首尾字母缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。如：very important person →VIP (读字母音)要人；大人物；television →TV (读字母音)电视；
Testing of English as a Foreign Language →TOEFL托福；North Atlantic Treaty Organization →Nato北大西洋公约组织；save our ship →SOS 国际呼救信号； World Trade Organization →WTO世界贸易组织
一．词形变换
1．It is ___________(polite) to point at others when eating things.
2．I accepted an _____________(invite) to the meeting from my boss.
3．Qian Xuesen became _____________(interest) in science when he was a young boy.
4．(2021·盐城)Choose _________(wise) how you spend your spare time and with whom you spend it.
5．You must be __________(patience) with your students.
6．Our geography teacher helps us know more about the __________(nature) world.
7．It is ____________(danger) for a girl to go out alone at night.
8．I wonder if I should tell her the _______ (true)．
9. Take the medicine ______ a day before meals, the you will be better. (two)
10. Do you know the ______ between the twins in front of you (different)
11. Everyone in our school hope Zhong Nanshan works less and lives______. (health)
12. Of all the languages, which do you think is ______. (difficult)
13. When people have difficulty___________(solve) the problems, most of them often keep in silence.
14. Tim is a good boy boy. He is always ___________(friend) to his classmates.
15. At the ______ of the class, Mr Tang told us that Yuan Longping passed away yesterday. (begin)
16. You should brush your ______ twice a day to keep them healthy. (tooth)
17. It’s very ______for a dog to cross a busy street. (danger)
18. Jane’s mother looked tired and ______. What happened to her (worry)
19. I don’t believe it is the__________. Something must be hidden.(true)
20. My deskmate looked _____________, for he failed in the English test. (happy)
21. The young lady looked ____________ at me because I used her pen just now . (angry)
22. Everyone is trying his best to solve the________problems.(environment)
23. It’s really ________ for him to get there on time because he couldn’t catch up with the last train. (possible)
24. The old man likes to live alone.Every day he reads newspaper________ in the garden. (quiet)
25. He is a great scientist from _________. (German)
26. The girl is the most __________ member in the school dancing group. (act)
27. I am not used to the weather in Guangxi. It is __________. (change)
28. ________, I have just got enough money to buy the new books. (lucky)
29. Staying up at night is __________ to our health.(harm)
30. They will find some suitable ways to help those ___________ (home) people
31. The children often get _______(noise) in the classroom after class.
32. Sometimes he spends his weekend ________(fish), so his wife is always angry with him.
33. Several _______(foreign) came to visit our school last week, so I had a chance to talk with them.
34. I think the red skirt looks as ______(good)as the green one.
35. John just got his _____(driver) license. However, no one dares to get on his car.
36. Look! Mrs Green is there. Let’s go and say hello to______(she)
37. My dadr often _____(enjoy) the TV plays in the evening.
38. Talking loudly in a library is very______(polite).
39. After two hours’ discussion, they ______________ (final) reached an agreement.
40. Usually news are ________________ (record) first and sent out later.
41. John looks at his watch from time to time. Why is he so ________________ (patient)
42. How lucky the ______________ (win) of the game show is! A seven-day trip abroad for free! 43. The party yesterday was a big __________(succeed). Everyone had a good time.
1. impolite 2. invitation 3. interested 4. wisely 5. patient 6. natural 7. dangerous 8. truth 9. twice 10. difference 11. healthily 12. the most difficult 13. solving 14. friendly 15. beginning 16. teeth 17. dangerous 18. worried 19. truth20. unhappy 21. angry 22. environmental 23. impossible 24. quietly 25. Germany26. active 27. changeable 28. Luckily 29. harmful 30.homeless 31. noisy 32. fishing 33. foreigners34. good 35. driver’s 36. her 37. enjoys 38. impolite. 39. finally 40. recorded 41. impatient 42. winner 43. success
二
根据句子意思，用括号中所给英语单词的适当形式填空。
（一）
1. Even a child knows September is the ______ month of a year.（nine）
2. Our notebook computer ______ 5 pounds and costs about $2,000.（weigh）
3. Yesterday I ______ a new dress at the Macy’s for my mum.（buy）
4. I didn’t want to be treated ______ from anyone else.（different）
5. She was ______ in the kitchen when the light went out.（serve）
（二）
1. He ______ (be) a volunteer in Ya-an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.
2. Mr. Jiang is a learned person, and he has lots of ______ (know).
3. The little girl is very kind and she always talks to people ______ (polite).
4. All the _____ (village) living conditions have greatly in recent years.
5. My teacher did what he could ______ (make) his class lively.
（三）
1. How __________(care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off the table again!
2. Jason didn’t hear the ring, for he_________(water) the flowers in the back yard.
3. Does Gold Theatre have___________(comfort) seats of the five in your city
4. Now Mom feels much better after taking the _________(medical).
5. A little bird__________(fly) in through the open window and she set it free at once.
（四）
1. At weekends, Nancy enjoys ______ (read) comic books at home.
2. —Wild animals are our friends. —I agree with you. We must ______ (treat) them with kindness.
3. —Where is Petr from —He is French, if I remember ______ (correct).
4. —This pair of shoes is too tight. Could I try a pair in a ______ (big) size
—Of course. Here you are.
5. —Paul, please e-mail me those ______ (professor) weekly reports as soon as possible. —OK! No problem.
6. Stephen is a member of an ______ (organize) which protects rivers and lakes in China.
（五）
1. The Internet is _______ (wide) used in most families in our country today.
2. This e-dictionary doesn’t belong to ________ (I). It’s Sandy’s.
3. ________ (child) Day is my favourite festival in the year.
4. I think this problem is much ________ (easy) than that one.
5. I’m looking forward to ________ (meet) my old friend, Jim, this Sunday.
6. We won’t go for a picnic if it ________ (rain) this weekend.
7. It’s necessary for us ________ (understand) the importance of health care.
8. A year ________ (divide) into twelve different star signs in some Western countries.
（六）
He has much ______ (interesting) in collecting stamps.
Believe in ______ (you), Tony, and you are sure to succeed.
I found something important in ______ (today) newspaper.
More trees and flowers should ______ (plant) to make our hometown beautiful.
Don’t worry, Kitty. With our help, you will do much ______ (well) next time.
More and more people in the world are ______ (begin) to learn Mandarin(普通话).
It’s such a ______ (wonder) song that we all like it.
Yao Ming is one of the most popular basketball ______ (play) around the world.
Both coats look nice on me. I really don’t know which ______ (choose).
I saw our math teacher talking with John when I ______ (pass) his office.
（七）
1. A large number of _____ (foreign) visit Guizhou province these years.
2. Thank goodness! The letter I was looking forward to _____ (reach) me at last.
3. Hainan Island is a ______ (wonder) place to spend summer.
4. The dinner room must _____ (clean) three times a day.
5. My cousin is used to _______ (study) with his new friends in Australia.
（八）
1. A friend of (I) is getting married next month.
2. Jane would like to live on the (three) floor .
3. The actress is in her forties. I thought she was much (young)!
4. The man was breathing (heavy) and had blood on his shirt.
5. Every year a lot of (tour) go to Beijing to see the Great Wall.
（九）
1. _______a bike to the side must be a lot more fun. I can't wait. (ride)
2. It is ______for me to do too many things in two days. Can you help me (possible)
3. —“Who's that girl over there ”—“She's Susan, a friend of_____”(I)
4. Brad is my younger brother. He had a special party for his_____ birthday yesterday. ( five)
5. Lots of people surf the Internet to look for some ______about the missing plane. (information )
（十）
1. There are (seventh) small apples in the bowl.
2. Mona also bought an alarm clock yesterday. I compared my alarm clock with (her).
3. Everyone knows that (library) are places for people to study.
4. Listen. Do you hear the sound of birds outside Thanks to your ears, you can hear it ______ (clear).
5. It is said that (tomorrow) sports meeting has been put off because of the bad weather.
6. His two daughters are very (difference) from each other.
7. The (win) of the photo competition was a 30-year-old man from Shanghai.
8. Mr Smith and his son used to smoke, but they (like) smoking now because they think it’s unhealthy.
（十一）
1. Eating too much sweet is bad for your _________(tooth).
2. He is a _________(honest)boy so we seldom believe what he says.
3.We Chinese will celebrate the _____(ninety) birthday of the Chinese Communist Party(中国共产党)in many ways.
4. In the modern world, people often contact each other by _______ (send) e-mails.
5. To keep healthy, I decide ______(exercise) half an hour every day.
6. When traveling, you’d better take a map with ________ (you).
7. The students in Class 2 are having a _________(discuss) about how to achieve a balance between study and play.
8. Though she answered the teacher’s questions _________(incorrect),the teacher didn’t blame her.
9. More and more people have their own cars. That’s why there’s ________(heavy)traffic than before.
10.—Why are you so happy today —Because I _____(win)the badminton match.
（十二）
1. Paper making is a great ______ (invent) of ancient China.
2. My dream is to be a famous doctor and save patients' ______ (life).
3. The little boy is so ______ (care) that he often leaves his homework at home.
4. The CD can help you know______ (wide) the knowledge of geography.
5. It's reported that the haze（雾霾）in February, 2014 is the ______ (serious) one these years in China.
6. Oh, dear! My iphone doesn't work. Would you please lend me ______ (you)
7. Our teachers often tell us ______ (calm) down first when we are in danger.
8. There ______ (be) an English Summer Camp next e and join us.
9. China _______(send) up several Shenzhou manned spacecraft into space since 2003.
10. The TV program Super Brain（最强大脑）is so fantastic that it is well worth ______ ( watch)．
（十三）
1. —Can you tell me something about Thanksgiving Day
—It comes on the (four) Thursday in November in the USA.
2. —Can he ask Mr. Black for help —Sorry. He should solve the problem by (he).
3. —Joe, would you please drive a little (fast) than before
—No hurry. We have enough time before the train leaves. []
4. —How many (visit) come to Jingzhou every year —More than one million, I think.
5. —What do you think of that clever boy
—He is a very (succeed) student, because he is interested in study.
（十四）
1. The ______ Sunday in May is Mother's Day. (two)
2. The teacher told us not to go______ alone in the river, (swim)
3. I want to be an______ when I grow up. (invent)
4. Shouting in public is______. (polite)
5. We are ______ about the good news. (excite)
6. The______ we exercise, the healthier we'll get. (much)
7. It is______ that many drinks are bad for our health, (say)
8. As a student, we should listen to teachers ______. (careful)
9. It is very cold outside. You had better ______ on a coat, (put)
10. He told me he ______ go to the Great Wall tomorrow, (will)
（十五）
1. My family live on the （five）floor of the tall building.
2. Simon and Linda didn't tell us the news. They wanted to keep the secret to （they）.
3. Young （read）are crazy about Guo Jingming's books.
4. Listen! The lovely birds are singing nicely and （soft）in the trees.
5. Ricky had a （please）trip to Lushan Mountain last spring.
（十六）
1. If Simon _______ (have) time next weekend, he will go to the zoo.
2. How _______(care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off the table again!
3. Yesterday was the _______ (hot) day of the year.
4. It seemed that the victim had many ______ (enemy).
5. I’m patient. I don’t mind _______ (wait) for people.
（十七）
1. The children often get _______(noise) in the classroom after class .
2. Sometimes he spends his weekend ________(fish).
3. Several _______(foreign)came to visit our school last week.
4. I think the red skirt looks as ______(good)as the green one .
5. John just got his _____(driver) license.
6. Look! Mrs Li is there. Let’s go and say hello to______(she)
7. My mother often_____(enjoy) the TV plays in the evening.
8. Talking loudly in a library is very______(polite).
（十八）
1. They are trying to do something ______(help) the old.
2. Sally prefers staying at home to ______(go) out on Sundays.
3. How is your uncle Please say hello to ____(he) for me.
4. Nancy is too young to look after _______(she).Don’t leave her alone.
5. Recently the drought(干旱) is serious in the ______(south) part of China.
6. Today most students can go to high school for further _______(educate) in our country.
7. We’re doing a lot of activities to celebrate the _____(ninety) birthday of the Communist Party of China(中国共产党) this year.
（十九）
1. What should we do to help the _______(home) people after the earthquake
2. We do lots of outdoor _______(active) when spring comes.
3. By the time I got outside, the school bus _______ (leave).
4. Tim was seen ______ (get) out of the subway at the station on Centre Street.
5. I’ve bought a present for my father’s______(forty)birthday.
（二十）
1. You can make a ______ (choose) among those programmes.
2. The little girl came here by train all by ______ (she).
3. The lady looks much younger in this ______ (fashion) dress.
4. Of the winters in recent years, last winter was the ______ (dry) one.
5. The doctors in the hospital are trying a new ______ (treat) for cancer.
（二十一）
1. Climb up to the _____ floor, and you can enjoy a better view. ( eleven )
2. _____, Grace made up her mind to live abroad with her daughter. ( final )
3. It is a very _____ book for language learners to improve writing skills. ( use )
4. Don't worry about your son. He is old enough to be independent and live by _____. ( he )
5. The movie Kungfu panda 11 is sure to _____ a large number of teenagers. ( attractive )
6. If you don’t go on a diet, it is _____ for you to lose weight. ( possible )
7. The local people had to move away because of the serious _____ . ( pollute )
8. The great _____ gave his first show in Shanghai and the tickets sold out in minutes. (art)
（二十二）
1. The twin brothers always keep ______ (argue) about what TV programmes to watch.
2. It’s easy for local people ______ (choose) various goods in Sunnyside Shopping Mall.
3. Students in some junior schools can ______ (learn) to play tennis or baseball in PE lessons.
4. The Bruce family had to give up camping in the Purple Mountain on such a ______ (fog) day.
5. Many students are ______ (happy) with too much homework. They need more time for their hobbies.
（二十三）
1. He _____ (weight) only 70 kilos now after taking a balanced diet.
2. Sometimes, body language in communication is a wonderful way _____ (express) ourselves.
3. There is no doubt that Moyan is a great _____ (succeed) with Nobel Prize.
4. The government should encourage social groups to care for the disabled who ______ (have) difficulty in life.
5. The songs _____ (full) of strong feelings remind us of the “good old days”.
6. Some inventions that led to the colorful movies are on show, _____ (include) cameras.
（二十四）
1. There will be a composition contest named “My Good Teacher” to celebrate the ________(30) Teachers’ Day.
2. When Tom was young, his parents were so busy that they always left him alone by_____ (he).
3. There are six__________(French) talking loudly in the room.
4. It rains____________(heavy) in Guizhou when the peaches and plum are ready to eat June .
5. The ________ (deep) you are in understanding, the better you’ll be in your work.
6. The cook _________ (cut) up the bananas and mixed it with milk. The milk shake tasted very delicious.
7. Let’s stop _______ (exercise) unhealthily, and we can make a better life.
8. He does his best in order that the books can ________(sell) out.
9. We should be brave when we meet illness and __________(difficult).
10. It is _______ (luck) for him to lose his wallet and cellphone on the playground.
（二十五）
1. Justin Bieber′s first single, One Time, is about one of his favourite ______(topic), puppy l
2. The first computers were built in the 1940s, They were even ______ (big) than cars.
3. Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are good for your memory to work _____ (proper).
4. I got a new bicycle from my father on my (sixteen)birthday. I like it very much.
5. Niushou Hill is an area of natural______ (beautiful). It attracts lots of tourists every spring.
6. Wearing a smile on your face not only helps you make friends but also makes you (feel) better.
（一）1. ninth 2. weighs 3. bought 4. differently 5.serving/served
（二）1. has been 2. knowledge 3. politely 4. villagers’ 5. to make
（三）1. careless 2. was watering 3. comfortable 4. medicine 5. flew
（四）1. reading 2. treat 3. correctly 4. bigger 5.professor’s 6. organization
（五）1. widely 2. me 3. Children’s 4. easier 5. meeting 6. rains 7. to understand 8. is divided
（六）1. interest 2. yourself 3. today’s 4. be planted 5. better 6. beginning/to begin 7.wonderful 8.players 9. to choose 10. passed
（七）1. foreigners 2. reached 3.wonderful 4. be cleaned 5. studying
（八）1. mine 2. third 3. younger 4.heavily 5. tourists
（九）1. To ride/Riding 2. impossible 3. mine 4. fifth 5. information
（十）1. seven 2. hers 3. libraries 4.clearly 5.tomorrow’s 6. different 7. winner 8. dislike
（十一）1. teeth 2. dishonest 3. ninetieth 4. sending 5. to exercise 6.you 7. discussion 8.correctly 9.heavier 10. have won
（十二）1. invention 2. lives 3. careless 4. widely 5. most serious 6. yours 7. to calm 8. will be 9. has sent 10. watching
（十三）1. fourth 2. himself 3. faster 4. visitors 5. successful
（十四）1. second 2. swimming 3. inventor 4. impolite 5. excited 6. more 7. said 8. carefully 9. put 10. would
（十五）1.fifth 2. themselves 3. readers 4. softly 5. pleasant
（十六）1. has 2. careless 3. hottest 4. enemies 5. waiting
（十七）1. noisy 2. fishing 3. foreigners 4. good 5.driver’s 6. her 7. enjoys 8. impolite
（十八）1. to help 2.going 3.him 4. herself 5.southern 6.education 7. ninetieth
（十九）1. homeless 2. activities 3. had left 4. to get 5. fortieth
（二十）1. choice 2. herself 3. fashional 4. driest 5. treatment
（二十一）1. eleventh 2. Finally 3. useful 4. himself 5. attract 6. impossible 7. pollution 8. artist
（二十二）1. arguing 2. to choose 3. learn 4. foggy 5. unhappy
（二十三）1. weighs 2. to express 3. success 4. have 5. full 6. including
（二十四）1. thirtieth 2. himself 3. Frenchmen 4. heavily 5. deeper 6. cut 7. exercising 8. be sold 9. difficulty 10. unlucky
（二十五）1. topics 2. bigger 3. properly 4. sixteenth/16th5. beauty 6. feel
1
