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编号:选修B1U3学案1
Unit 1 Vocabulary Ⅰ
buffet vt / b f t/ 连续猛击;打来打去 / b fe ; b fe /n.自助餐 a buffet lunch/supper 自助午餐╱晚餐
buffet one’s way 打开一条路( 尤指在困难条件下);( 船) 乘风破浪
Their plane had been severely buffeted by storms.他们的飞机遭到了暴风雨的猛烈袭击。
cloth /kl θ/ n.(u) 织物;布料 (c.) (一块)布;(尤指一块)抹布,桌布
woollen/cotton cloth 毛料;棉布料 Wipe the surface with a damp cloth.
edge /ed / n.边;边缘;优势; 边线;刀刃 vt.&vi.(使)徐徐移动;给…加边
have / gain an edge on/ over...比...占优势;胜过 on the edge of...在...边缘;(不好的事情)快要发生
on the edge of one’s seat极为激动,异常兴奋
She edged a little closer to me. 她慢慢地向我靠近了一些。
I can’t beat you at tennis, but I have / gain an edge on you in ping-pong.打网球我赢不了你,但打乒乓球我胜过你。
The game had the crowd on the edge of their seats. 这场比赛使观众激动得坐不住了。
vally / v li/ n.谷;山谷;溪谷 Silicon Valley 硅谷
5.glacier / gl si (r)/ n. 冰川 6.reindeer / re nd (r)/n.驯鹿
7.territory / ter tri; ter t ri / n.领土;版图;领域;地盘
The valley is vast and glacier--covered,making it the perfect territory for reindeer to roam.山谷广阔,冰川覆盖,是驯鹿漫游的理想之地。
8.ban /b n/ vt. 明令禁止;取缔 n. 禁令
情景导学 People are banned from smoking in public places. 公共场所禁止吸烟。
Over the last seven years,most states have banned texting by drivers.
在过去七年里,大多数州都禁止司机发短信。 (2022全国新高考Ⅱ)
There is a ban on offering plastic bags for free in the supermarket.禁止超市无偿提供塑料袋。(写作—环保)
用法归纳
动①ban sth. 禁止某事②ban sb. from (doing)sth. 禁止某人做某事(或去某处等)
名③a/the ban on . . . 对……的禁令④impose/lift a ban颁布/解除禁令 ⑤a complete ban彻底禁止
词汇拓展 ①表示“禁止某人做某事”的表达还有:
prohibit sb. from doing sth. forbid sb. from doing sth. forbid sb. to do sth.
boundary / ba ndri/ n.边界;界限;分界线 national boundaries 国界
10.cottage / k t d / n.小屋;(尤指)村舍;小别墅 a charming country cottage with roses around the door 门口四周开着玫瑰花的迷人的乡村小屋
11.visible / v z bl/ adj.看得见的,可见的 vision n.视力;视野 (反:invisible)
have good\poor vision视力好\差 a man of great vision 具有远见卓识的人
It's said that over 200 million WeChat users choose to make their Moments visible by others for the last 3 days. 据说,有2亿的微信用户选择把朋友圈设置为最近三天可见。
on the move在行进中;在移动中
Since reindeer were always on the move,the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them.
由于驯鹿总是在迁移,所以萨米人会收起他们的帐篷,陪伴它们。
13.accompany vt. 陪同;陪伴;伴随; (尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏;附有
情景导学
The singer was accompanied on/at the piano by her sister. 这位歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。
The lion dance is accompanied by thunderous applause. 舞狮伴有雷鸣般的掌声。
Children are admitted only if accompanied by an adult. 儿童必须有成年人陪同才可入场。 (写作—告知信)
Jeff patted him on the shoulder and said that he would accompany him to the store. 杰夫拍了拍他的肩膀,然后说他将陪他去商店。 (读后续写—动作描写)
用法归纳
①accompany sb. to sp. 陪某人到某地 ②be accompanied by . . . 由……陪同;伴随……;配有……
③accompany sb. on/at . . . 用……给某人伴奏
词汇拓展 ①company n. 陪伴;公司keep pany陪伴某人
He’s a lonely old man who only has his dog to keep him company.
他是一个孤独的老人,只有他的狗陪伴着他。
②companion n. 同伴,伙伴
14. adopt vt. 采用;采取;采纳 vt. & vi. 领养
I am not a Sami,but in Sarek I’ve adopted some of their habits.
我不是萨米人,但在萨勒克,我采用了他们的一些习惯。
Once we adopt a positive attitude towards life, we may overcome present difficulties. 一旦我们采取积极的生活态度,我们可能就会克服目前的困难。 (写作—建议信)
If I had adopted his advice, I wouldn’t have made such a terrible mistake.
如果我采纳了他的建议,我就不会犯这样严重的错误。
词汇拓展
①adoption n. 采用;收养 the adoption of the new technology新技术的采用
②adopted adj. 收养的;领养的 an adopted son养子
③adoptive adj. 收养的;有收养关系 adoptive parents养父母
特别提醒
adopt与adapt在拼写上只有一个字母之差,但在意义上却大相径庭。adapt意为“(使)适应; 改编”。
15.sour / sa (r)/ adj.酸的,有酸味的 sour apples 酸苹果 turn/go sour 馊了
16. set out出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作
The next morning he hired a boat and set out to find the well-known painter.
第二天早上,他租了一条船,开始去寻找那位著名的画家。(2020全国Ⅲ)
用法归纳 ①set out for 出发去…… ②set out to do sth. 开始做某事
词汇拓展
①set off 出发(=set out);使爆炸;触发(警报) set off for=set out for 出发去……
If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke,inform your hall staff. 如果烟雾探测器触发警报,并且没有火灾或烟雾,通知您的大厅工作人员。(2018天津)
②set about (doing) sth. 开始/着手(做)某事
He returned a year later and set about making up for the lost time. 他一年后回来了,开始弥补他失去的时间。
③set up建立;创立
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP).
中国政府最近敲定了建立大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。 (2022全国新高考Ⅰ)
④set down 记下;写下;让(某人)下车 Words mean more than what is set down on paper.
文字的意义不仅是写在纸上的东西。
bless /bles/ vt.祝福 blessed adj. 神圣的 feel blessed... 觉得很幸运……blessing n. 祝福;许可
be blessed with sth/sb 赋有(能力等);享有(幸福等)
We're blessed with five lovely grandchildren. 我们很有福气,有五个可爱的孙子孙女。
18. live off依靠……生活;以吃……为生
The Sami lived off reindeer,moved with them,and accompanied them for hundreds of years. 萨米人依靠驯鹿生活,和它们一起迁徙,陪伴了它们几百年。 (教材P27)
词汇拓展
①live on 以吃……为生(=live off);靠……生活;继续活着
It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary.
他越来越难以靠他的工资维持生计了。
②live a. . . life 过……的生活
I suggest all of us should smile every day,and live a happy life.
我建议我们所有人每天都微笑,过开心的生活。
③live up to 符合;履行;不辜负
If she had lived up to her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.
如果她履行了诺言,她就已经上耶鲁大学了。
④live through 经历……而幸存
The local residents there have lived through two world wars.
那里的当地居民经历过两次世界大战后幸存了下来。
⑤live by sth. 按照(某信念或原则)生活
⑥live with 容忍;忍受;与……住在一起
19. prohibit/pr h b t/ vt. (尤指以法令)禁止;阻止
The new rules prohibit smoking in places like restaurants,hotels,railway stations or theaters. 这些新规定禁止在像餐厅、旅店、火车站或剧院这些地方吸烟。
You are prohibited from hitting the other person with your head,shoulder or arm. 禁止你用头、肩膀或手臂击打对方。 (北师大必修一)
用法归纳①prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事 ②prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
词汇拓展
prohibition n. 禁止;禁令 a prohibition against/on. . . 一项……的禁令
The environmental group is demanding a complete prohibition against/on the hunting of whales. 这个环保组织要求全面禁止捕鲸。
journalist / d n l st/ n. 新闻记者;新闻工作者 journal n. 杂志、日记、日志、报纸等
sneeze /sni z/ vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏;喷嚏声 22.teapot / ti p t/ n. 茶壶
23.label / le bl/ vt. 用标签标明; 贴标签 n.标签; 标记
put\place a label on 在----上贴标签 The file was labelled “Top secret”. 这份文件上标有“绝密”。
24.cream /kri m/ n. 奶油; 乳脂; 护肤霜adj. 奶油色的; 淡黄色的
ice-cream 冰淇淋 sun cream防晒霜
25.leopard / lep d/ n. 豹 A leopard can’t change its spots. 本性难改。
26.stretch /stret / vi 延伸; 延续; 伸展; 舒展 n. 延伸;连绵
stretch out 伸展,舒展 stretch oneself \ give a stretch伸懒腰 a stretch of open country 一片旷野
27.rewarding adj. 值得做的;有益的;有意义的;报酬高的
It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad. 出国留学既有挑战性又有意义。
词汇拓展 reward n. 报酬;回报;奖励vt. 奖励;奖赏;给以报酬
bush /b / n. 灌木 beat around the bush拐弯抹角
lung /l / n. 肺 lung capacity 肺活量
30.cycle/ sa kl/ n. 自行车(bicycle); 摩托车; 循环骑自行车v. 骑自行车 cyclist n. 骑自行车的人
cycling 骑自行车 go cycling 骑行
31.corridor / k r d (r)/ n. 狭长地带; 走廊;过道; 通道 He walked down the long corridor.他沿长廊走去。
passage / p s d / n. 通道; 走廊; 段落 passenger / p s nd /n. 乘客; 旅客
pedal / pedl/ n. (自行车等的)脚镫子; 踏板 vt./vi. 骑自行车; 踩踏板 She pedalled her bicycle up the track.
fountain / fa nt n/ n. 喷泉;人工喷泉; 喷水池;丰富来源;源泉 Tourism is a fountain of wealth for the city.
route /ru t/ n. 路线; 路途; 途径 take\follow a route 走某条路线
ahead / hed/ adv. 向前; 在前面; 提前 go ahead 前进;(用于祈使句)可以;往下说
ahead of time\schedule 提前 (in advance) ahead of 先于------\在-----前面
theme /θi m/ adj. 有特定主题的n. 主题; 主题思想 theme park 主题公园; 主题乐园
theme music\song 主题音乐\主题曲
37.roller coaster / r l k st (r)/ n. 过山车
38.incredible / n kred bl/ adj. 极好的; 极大的; 难以置信的 incredibly adv. an incredible story 不可思议的故事
39..appeal vi. 有吸引力;呼吁;恳求;上诉 n. 吸引力;呼吁;上诉;请求
Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you!
无论你喜欢哪一个、无论你喜欢什么,总有一个奇妙无比的主题公园会让你流连忘返!
The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. 该程序在一月份被引入时对员工们很有吸引力。 (2021天津3月)
I think we should appeal to/make an appeal to people to try their best to keep the balance of nature.
我认为我们应该呼吁人们尽最大努力来保持自然界的平衡。 (写作—环境保护)
The purpose of the passage is to appeal for equal rights to medical treatment. 这篇文章的目的是呼吁平等的医疗权利。
用法归纳
①appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力
②appeal (to sb. ) for . . . =make an appeal (to sb. ) for . . . (向某人)呼吁……
③appeal to sb. to do sth. =make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
④appeal to. . . against. . . 对于……向……提出申诉
词汇拓展 appealing adj. 吸引人的;恳求的 Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing.
更少的排放物和更便宜的旅行听起来相当吸引人。 (2018北京)
pirate / pa r t/ n. 海盗; 盗版者vt. 盗印; 窃用 a pirate edition 盗版 pirated computer games 盗版电脑游戏
41.adorable / d r bl/ adj. 可爱的; 讨人喜爱的
adore / d /v. 热爱; 爱慕: 崇拜; 喜爱(adoration n.喜爱\adorer n.爱慕者)
adore (doing) sth 喜欢---
wander / w nd (r)/ n. 游荡; 闲逛; 流浪v. 闲逛; 漫游; 走失; 离散; 走神 wanderer n. 漫游者
wander around 四处闲逛 wander aimlessly 漫无目的地闲逛
wander off the point 跑题 let one’s attention/mind wander 分散某人注意力/让某人思想开小差