(共46张PPT)
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
Period Three Lesson 2
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．盈利，利润 B．满意的；满足的
C．克服(困难)；控制(感情) D．以前的，从前的
1．The agency is voluntary and not run for profit. ( )
2．The old building has been restored to its former glory. ( )
3．A contended person is always happy with what he has. ( )
4．They overcame difficulties one after another. ( )
【答案】1－4 ADBC
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．propose v.→____________ n．建议，提议
2．survive v.→____________ n．继续生存，幸存
3．determine v.→____________ n．决心；毅力
4．organise v.→____________ n．组织者，安排者
5．found v.→____________ n．创办人，创始者
【答案】1．proposal 2．survival 3．determination 4．organiser 5．founder
Ⅲ．预备话题素材
1．Whether you can ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ depends on hard work more than luck. (使你的梦想成真)
2．It suddenly ______ ______ ______ that I had forgotten her birthday. (浮现在我的脑海中)
3．A person who loses his family needs time to ______ ______ his sorrow. (调整)
【答案】1．make your dream come true
2．occurred to me 3．work through
课堂新知讲练
1．contented adj. 满意的；满足的
(P109)Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
【翻译】直到一件可怕的事情发生，易女士满意的生活才发生了改变。
◇词汇拓讲
①be content to do sth 乐于做某事
be content with… 对……满足/满意
be well content 非常满意
a contented smile 一个心满意足的微笑
a contented expression 满意的表情
【用法详解】
②content vt. 使满足
content oneself with… 满足于；使(某人)自己对……感到满足
③content n. 内容，目录；满足；容量
to one’s heart’s content 心满意足地
That rich man is tired of city life，so he is content to live in the country.
那位富人厌倦了城市生活，于是他愿意生活在乡下。
If you are contented/content，you are satisfied with your life or the situation you are.
如果你感到满足，你就对自己的生活或现状感到满意。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)You’ve got a seven-day holiday and you can play ______ your heart’s content.
(2)After I gave my trophy to my mother, she looked at me with a ______ (content) expression.
【答案】(1)to (2)contented
完成句子
(3)As he had to drive home after the party，he ______ ______ ______ a cup of coffee.
由于晚会后要开车回家，所以他只喝了一杯咖啡就心满意足了。
(4)I ______ ______ ______ admire the mountains from below.
我满足于从山脚下看风景。
【答案】(3)contented himself with (4)am content to
2．occur vi. 发生
(P109)Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
【翻译】直到一件可怕的事情发生，易女士满意的生活才发生了改变。
①sth occurs to sb 某事被某人想起
It occurs/occurred to sb that… 某人想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想起做某事
②occurrence n. 发生；出现；事件
【用法详解】
Ralph Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.
拉尔夫·爱默生总是把他想到的新想法写下来。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He had made up his mind when another idea occurred ______ him.
(2)Now ______ occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
(3)For a military commander, winning or losing a battle is a common ______ (occur).
【答案】(1)to (2)it (3)occurrence
完成句子
(4)His name just did not ______ ______ my memory.
我就是想不起他的名字。
(5)It ______ ________ ______ ______ I could have the book sent to me.
我想到可以让人把书寄给我。
【答案】(4)occur to (5)occurred to me that
①survive vt. 经历……之后幸存；比……长寿 vi. 幸存，活下来
survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
3．survival n. 继续生存，幸存
(P109)Now the trees have a survival rate of 85%.
【翻译】现在这些树的成活率是85%。
【用法详解】
②survive sb by… 比某人多活……时间
survive on… 靠……存活下来
survive sth 幸免于……；从……中活下来
They are still fighting for survival.
他们还在为生存而斗争。
She was the only one to survive the crash.
她是这次飞机失事中唯一的幸存者。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The main place of human ______ (survive) and the development is community.
(2)The two biologists found, to their surprise, that both groups of birds ______ (survive) equally well.
(3)The only ______ (survive) of a shipwreck was washed up on a small, uninhabited island.
【答案】(1)survival (2)had survived (3)survivor
完成句子
(4)His wife ______ him ______ ______ ______ ______.
他的妻子比他多活了几年。
【答案】(4)survived; by a few years
4．overcome vt. 克服(困难)；控制(感情)
(P109)I have complete respect for her and admire her strength in overcoming such a great personal loss.
【翻译】我完全尊重她，钦佩她有克服如此巨大的个人损失的力量。
【用法详解】
overcome vt. 克服(困难)；控制(感情) overcome sth 克服……
be overcome with/by… 为……所压倒/制服
overcome difficulty/fear 战胜困难/恐惧
Don’t be overcome by emotion in handing this case.
处理这个案子时不要感情用事。
We can overcome any difficulty that we meet.
我们能够战胜所遇到的一切困难。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We need to overcome difficulties，not be overcome ______ them.
(2)Parents should encourage their children ______ (overcome) difficulties.
【答案】(1)by/with (2)to overcome
完成句子
(3)If these obstacles ______ ______ ______, then the biggest winner will be the patient.
如果能够克服这些障碍，患者将会是最大的赢家。
【答案】(3)can be overcome
5．determination n. 决心；毅力
(P109)She has made a huge difference with her determination to make her son’s dreams a reality.
【翻译】她决心让儿子的梦想成为现实，这让她的人生发生了巨大的变化。
①determine v．决定；下决心；确定
determine sb to do sth 使某人下决心去做某事
determine on/upon sth 决定某事
determine to do sth 下决心去做某事
②determined adj. 下定决心的；坚决的
determining adj. 决定性的
be determined to do sth 下决心做某事
be determined that… ……是下定决心的
【用法详解】
They have determined where the new school will be built.
他们已经决定在何处建新学校。
Even if it will take me quite a lot of time，I am determined not to give up.
即使这工作要花掉我许多的时间，我下决心不放弃。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I have determined ______ going to the countryside after graduation.
(2)Age and experience will be ______ (determine) factors in our choice of candidate.
(3)It’s that kind of courage and ______ (determine) that make him such a remarkable character.
【答案】(1)on (2)determining (3)determination
完成句子
(4)We ______ ______ ______ (决定离开) at once.
(5)He ______ ______ ______ (下定决心) the same mistakes would not be repeated.
【答案】(4)determined to leave (5)was determined that
(P109)Although there seemed only a slim chance that the trees could survive，the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.
【翻译】尽管这些树存活的机会似乎很渺茫，但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。
【考点提炼】
although引导的让步状语从句
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)although(连词，后跟句子)意为“虽然；尽管”，在语意上相当于in spite of(介词短语，后跟名词作宾语)。
(2)although引导让步状语从句时，不能和but连用，但可以和yet，still等连用。
(3)although/though/as都可以引导让步状语从句，区别在于although引导的让步状语从句不倒装，though引导的让步状语从句倒装不倒装都可，as引导的必须倒装。
(4)though引导让步状语从句时，可以位于句首、句中、句尾；although一般用于句首或句中。
Although I hurried，yet I was late for the train.
虽然我拼命赶路，但还是没赶上火车。
He made the same mistake though I had warned him again and again.
虽然我一次次警告他，可是他还是犯了同样的错误。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I don’t believe we’ve met before, ______ I must say you do look familiar.
(2)Child ______ he is，he knows a lot about ancient poems.
【答案】(1)although/though (2)though/as
完成句子
(3)______ ______ ______ ______ in health，he still works hard.
虽然他身体不好，但他仍旧努力工作。
【答案】(3)Although he is poor
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1．If anything should ______ (发生)，please inform the local police.
2．The future of our ______ (生存) depends on knowledge and action.
【答案】1．occur/happen 2．survival
3．No one wants to employ somebody who bad-mouths their ______ (以前的) employer.
4．Don’t be ______ (满足的) with what you have achieved. You should keep on trying and move forward.
5．I was ______ (下定决心的) not to follow their advice，for it’s not practical at all.
【答案】3．former 4．content/contented 5．determined
6．The manager of the company admit that there are indeed obstacles to ______ (克服).
7．Have you discussed our recent ______ (提议) with your boss？
8．Now electrical appliances have entered into ______ (普通的) families.
【答案】6．overcome 7．proposal 8．ordinary
二、单句语法填空
1．The teacher was content ______ what her students did.
2．Didn’t ______ occur to you that he was lying？
3．Only a nine-year-old boy ______ (survive) the air crash last Monday morning.
【答案】1．with 2．it 3．survived
4．All of us know that Gwen is a very ______ (determine) woman.
5．Exceptionally dry weather over the past year had cut ______ (agriculture) production.
6．Up to 90% of new businesses fail shortly after being ______ (found).
【答案】4．determined 5．agricultural 6．founded
7．“Chaplin Complete” is the second silent film season ______ (organise) by the Babylon.
8．The Jinggang Mountains stand where the boundaries of four ______ (county) meet.
【答案】7．organised 8．counties
三、完成句子
1．If you work constantly, you will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
如果你坚持不懈，你将会使你的梦想成真。
【答案】1．make your dream come true
2．She sought therapy to help her ______ ______ her past trauma.
她寻求心理治疗来帮助她克服过去的创伤。
3．______ ______ ______ ______, he didn’t like waiting that long.
他虽说有耐心，也不愿意等那么长时间。
【答案】2．work through
3．Patient though he was/Although he was patient
4．______ ______ ______ ______ me that I would meet my teacher I hadn’t seen for a few years at the airport.
我从未想到会在机场遇到多年不见的老师。
5．Some lorises can ______ ______ little more than tree sap, Knight says.
奈特说，有些懒猴只需树汁就能生存。
【答案】4．It never occurred to 5．survive on (共44张PPT)
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
Period One Topic Talk
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．交通运输系统，运输方式 B．纸巾
C．再利用，回收利用 D．灭绝
1．The company recycle more than half its waste paper. ( )
2．The company will arrange transport from the airport. ( )
【答案】1－2 CA
3．The extinction of the dinosaurs occurred millions of years ago. ( )
4．She handed me a tissue just before I sneezed. ( )
【答案】3－4 DB
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．electric adj. →___________ n．电
2．solve v.→____________ n．解决办法
3．industry n.→____________ adj. 工业的
4．globe n．&v. →__________ adj. 全球的，全世界的
【答案】1．electricity 2．solution 3．industrial 4．global
Ⅲ．预备话题素材
1．We must ensure that tourism develops ______ ______ ______ the environment. (与……和谐相处)
2．In the electronics industry, ______ ______, 5,000 jobs are being lost. (例如)
3．To inspire more people to ______ ______ ______ ______ the environment, they held this party. (尽自己的一份力量)
【答案】1．in harmony with 2．for instance
3．do their part for
课堂新知讲练
1．solution n. 解决办法
(P108)The third section presents the solutions that have been taken to tackle the problems…
【翻译】第三部分展现了被用来处理这些问题的解决办法……
◇词汇拓讲
①a solution to the problem解决问题的一个方法/办法
②solve vt. 解决；处理
solve/deal with/do with the problem 解决问题
【用法详解】
With the help of his friends，he finally solved the problem.
在朋友们的帮助下，他终于解决了问题。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The boy finally found out a solution ______ the math problem.
(2)The problem is too difficult for the little boy ______ (solve).
【答案】(1)to (2)to solve
完成句子
(3)Many problems remain ______ ______ ______.
有好多问题尚待解决。
(4)He has ______ ______ ______ ______ the problem.
他有解决这个问题的能力。
【答案】(3)to be solved (4)the ability to solve
2．balance n. 平衡
(P28)maintaining the balance between human and nature
【翻译】保持人与自然之间的平衡
【用法详解】
balance n. 平衡 keep one’s balance 保持平衡
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
be out of balance 失去平衡
keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡
Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less protein.
多吃些水果，少摄入蛋白质，使你的饮食均衡。
We should have a balanced mood in life.
我们在生活中应该有一个平和的心态。
balance v. 平衡；
权衡 balance sth against sth 权衡；斟酌；比较
balance out 相抵；平衡；取消
balanced adj.平衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We wish that the figures for income and costs balance ______.
(2)Use every opportunity to grow and make your life a truly ______ (balance) one.
(3)The advantages and disadvantages of the job balance ______ in the long run.
【答案】(1)out (2)balanced (3)out
完成句子
(4)He ______ ______ ______ (失去了平衡), fell off the bicycle, and broke a leg.
(5)You must ______ the good points ______(权衡) the bad points and then make your decision.
【答案】(4)lost his balance (5)balance; against
3．awareness n. 意识；觉察
(P28) increase our awareness of environmental protection，change our living habits
【翻译】增强环保意识，改变我们的生活习惯
①raise/increase awareness of… 增强……的意识
lack of awareness一无所知；缺乏了解
develop an awareness of… 逐渐懂得……
②aware adj. 意识到的；知道的；有……方面的知识
be/become aware of sth/doing sth 意识到
be aware that… 知道……；意识到……
make sb aware of… 让某人意识到/知道……
【用法详解】
I am well aware that this is a tough job.
我深知这是一件棘手的工作。
I don’t think you’re aware of how much this means to me.
我认为，你并没有意识到这对我意味着什么。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)______ (aware) of the problem is the first step toward the solution.
(2)Though he is quite aware ______ the risk，he has no choice but to go ahead.
(3)If she had been aware ______ the mushrooms were poisonous，she would not pick them for dinner.
【答案】(1)Awareness (2)of (3)that
完成句子
(4)I ______ ______ ______ how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself.
我意识到我妈妈独自在巴西是多么孤独。
(5)The campaign aims to ______ ______ ______ ______ the importance of recycling.
这次活动旨在提高人们对回收的重要性的认识。
【答案】(4)was/became aware of (5)raise the awareness of
4．do my part for sth 尽自己所能做某事
(P28)healthy living，living in harmony with nature，respecting nature，maintaining the balance between human and nature，doing my part for the environment
【翻译】健康生活，与自然和谐相处，尊重自然，保持人与自然之间的平衡，为环境尽自己的一份力
①do one’s part for sth 尽自己所能做某事
类似的近义短语还有：
try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
make efforts to do sth/spare no efforts to do sth 竭尽全力做某事
②part n．部分；角色
play a part/role in… 在……扮演……角色
take (an active) part in…(积极)参加……
【用法详解】
It’s a great honour for me to do my part for raising money for the old and sick.
能够为老人们和有疾病的人集资，对我而言是一种荣幸。
In fact，everyone plays an important part in protecting the environment.
事实上，每个人在保护环境方面都起着重要作用。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Everyone should make efforts ______ (build) a civilised city.
(2)He is very glad to do his part ______ the public order.
(3)They encourage all of us to take an active part ______ the community service activities.
【答案】(1)to build (2)for (3)in
5．in harmony with… 与……相和谐；与……一致/协调
(P28) healthy living，living in harmony with nature，respecting nature，maintaining the balance between human and nature，doing my part for the environment
【翻译】健康生活，与自然和谐相处，尊重自然，保持人与自然之间的平衡，为环境尽自己的一份力
①live in harmony with…和……和谐相处
“in＋n. ＋with”短语：
in touch with… 和……保持联系
in connection with… 与……有关；与……相连
in line with… 符合……；与……一致
in conflict with… 和……冲突/发生矛盾
in common with… 与/和……一样
in agreement with… 同意……；与……一致
【用法详解】
②harmonious adj. 和谐的；协调的；和睦的
harmoniously adv. 和谐地；一致地
A harmonious world is the best wish and common pursuit of human beings.
一个和谐的世界是人类的美好理想和共同追求。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We have found an example of people living in harmony ______ their environment.
(2)To live together ______ (harmony)，we should respect each other and accept each other’s shortcomings.
(3)Let us work together to build a ______ (harmony) world.
【答案】(1)with (2)harmoniously (3)harmonious
1．(P28)not to leave the tap running
【翻译】不要让水龙头一直哗哗地流水
【考点提炼】
在“leave sth/sb doing”结构中，doing作宾语补足语。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。
(2)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，通常用在see, watch, look at, hear, sound, notice，find, feel, have, make, keep等动词之后。
We had the fire burning all day.我们让火整天燃烧着。
I saw him getting on the bus.我看见他正上公共汽车。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)When we returned to the school，we found a stranger ______ (stand) at the entrance.
(2)I am really sorry to have kept you ______ (wait) for such a long time.
(3)Suddenly，I felt somebody _____ (pat) me on the shoulder.
【答案】(1)standing (2)waiting (3)patting
2．(P29)We are using resources as if we had two planets，not one.
【翻译】我们在使用资源，就好像我们有两个星球，而不是一个。
【考点提炼】
as if可引导方式状语从句和表语从句。
【归纳拓展】
(1)as if/though引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气，表示不真实、几乎不可能发生或存在的情况；
(2)在“as if＋主语＋系动词”从句中，如果其主语与主句的主语一致，则主语和系动词可省略；
(3)as if/though引导的表语从句常用陈述语气，表示有可能发生或存在的情况；此时常用在系动词look，seem，taste，smell，sound等后，但也可用虚拟语气，表示不可能发生或存在的情况。
He talks as if (he were) a fool.
他说起话来像个傻瓜。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
看起来天要下雨了。
He talks about London as if he had really been there.
他谈及伦敦时好像他真到过那里一样。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Though he is a new worker here，yet he operates the machine as if he ______ (be) a skilled one.
(2)It felt as though he ______ (run) a marathon.
(3)It looks as though the weather ______ (be) going to turn nasty again.
【答案】(1)were (2)had run (3)is
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1．It’s not the only mysterious sound heard in the ______(海洋).
2．It is reported that Japan has overtaken German in ______ (工业的) production.
3．The government believes that more money should be spent on improving public ______(交通运输) in rural areas.
【答案】1．ocean 2．industrial 3．transport
4．He had been accustomed to living without ______ (电), and missed it very little.
5．We should try to ______(回收利用) all our waste paper.
6．Over the past decades，sea ice has been decreasing in the Arctic as a result of ______ (全球的) warming.
【答案】4．electricity 5．recycle 6．global
7．The public are reminded to improve the ______ (意识) of self-protection and not to disclose personal information in their daily life.
8．Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained controversial; people are still looking for other possible ______(解决办法).
【答案】7．awareness 8．solutions
二、单句语法填空
1．The ______ (harmonious) of sea and sky makes a beautiful picture.
2．I didn’t notice you _____ (wait) for me in the hall just now.
3．Finally，Lu Xun took up his pen to fight _____ the enemy.
4．Global warming is such a threat that all the practical suggestions deserve to ______ (explore).
【答案】1．harmony 2．waiting 3．against 4．be explored
5．He always sleeps in his room，with the light ______ and the windows open.
6．We students should take an active part ______ all kinds of social activities.
7．Do not treat me as if I ______ (be) a child. I have already grown up!
8．He was not aware ______ her presence till she spoke to him.
【答案】5．on/off 6．in 7．were 8．of
三、完成句子
1．If you work hard and benefit the company you work for, you ______ ______ ______ ______ for that.
如果你工作努力并为公司作出贡献，你应该为此得到奖励。
【答案】1．deserved to be rewarded
2．Obviously, rules help us to live ______ ______ ______ one another.
显然，规则有助于我们与别人和谐相处。
3．He talks about Rome ______ ______ he ______ ______ there before.
他谈论罗马，就像是他以前去过似的。
【答案】2．in harmony with 3．as if; had been
4．It is wrong of you to ______ ______ ______ ______ all the time.
让机器一直运转着，这是你的错。
5．Much to our delight, ______ ______ of environmental protection has been ______.
使我们非常高兴的是，公众的环保意识普遍提高了。
【答案】4．leave the machine running/working
5．public awareness; raised/improved (共113张PPT)
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
Period Two Lesson 1
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．机构；研究院 B．芽，苗；嫩枝；射中；射击
C．参与；包含 D．基础；地基
1．Try to involve as many children as possible in the game. ( )
2．The research institute is based in Cambridge. ( )
【答案】1－2 CA
3．Two weeks after we’d planted the seeds, little green shoots started to appear. ( )
4．The explosion shook the foundations of the houses nearby. ( )
【答案】3－4 BD
Ⅱ．猜短语填空
be committed to, make a difference, not be bothered to do
1．The grass needs cutting but I don’t care if I do it today.
＝The grass needs cutting but I can __________________ it today.
【答案】1．not be bothered to do
2．He loved playing the violin, and was devoted to practicing it.
＝He loved playing the violin, and ____________ practicing it.
3．Exercise can have an effect on your state of health.
＝Exercise can _________________ to your state of health.
【答案】2．was committed to 3．make a difference
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ．表格填写
ROOTS & SHOOTS
“Just-me-ism” Some people leave the tap 1._______ while brushing their teeth.
Some people leave a light 2._______ when going out.
Some people drop a piece of litter and can’t be 3._______ to pick it up.
All of the above behaviours are extremely 4._______.
【答案】1．running 2．on 3．bothered 4．harmful
【答案】 5．founder 6．committed
ROOTS & SHOOTS
Cause of establishing Roots & Shoots Jane Goodall，the 5._______ of the institute, calls on young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community.
Jane Goodall has been whole-heartedly 6._______ to environmental protection.
【答案】7．meaning 8．foundation 9．but 10．matters
ROOTS & SHOOTS
The true 7.______ of Roots & Shoots Roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm 8._______.
Shoots seem small and weak，9._______ they can break open brick walls to reach the light.
Act together and make a difference Each individual 10._______.
Each individual has a role to play.
Each individual makes a difference.
Ⅱ．阅读理解
( )1．Why does the writer mention “Just-me-ism” in the first paragraph？
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To draw people’s attention.
C．To summarise the whole passage.
D．To deepen the understanding of “Just-me-ism”.
【答案】A
( )2．The institute Roots & Shoots was set up ______.
A．in the year 1990
B．by Jane Goodall to make the world greener by planting more trees
C．to inspire young people to do their parts for environmental protection
D．to call on people to raise money for environmental protection
【答案】C
( )3．Which of the following is NOT true about Jane Goodall？
A．She is an expert on wild chimpanzees.
B．She devotes herself to environmental protection.
C．She believes everyone has a role to play in making the world better.
D．She is a scientist mainly aiming at helping the homeless all over the world.
【答案】D
( )4．What can we infer from the passage？
A．It’s hard for us to change the current world.
B．Roots & Shoots has rooted in everyone’s heart.
C．By acting together，we can make the world a better place.
D．It’s Jane Goodall who makes our living environment better.
【答案】C
( )5．What’s the main idea of the passage？
A．An introduction to Roots & Shoots.
B．Various ways of protecting environment.
C．“Just-me-ism” is a harmful behaviour.
D．The world is a better place for us to live in.
【答案】A
Ⅲ．判断正误
( )1．What’s called “Just-me-ism” is harmful and bad for environmental protection.
( )2．Roots & Shoots was established mainly to call on people of all ages to do their parts for environmental protection.
【答案】1－2 TF
( )3．The founder of Roots & Shoots is Jane Goodall，who was born in the early 1990s.
( )4．Each individual can make a difference to the world as long as they take an active part.
( )5．One of the purposes of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people to live in harmony with nature.
【答案】3－5 FTT
Ⅳ．匹配段落大意
( )1．Para. 1 A．Each individual has a role to play in environmental protection.
( )2．Para. 2 B．The purpose of creating Roots & Shoots.
( )3．Para. 3 C．Examples of harmful behaviour.
( )4．Para. 4 D．Why the name is called Roots & Shoots.
【答案】1－4 CBDA
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
Most people suffer 1._______ what is known as “Just-me-ism”. For example，when you brush your 2._______ (tooth)，you always leave the tap 3._______ (run) or leaving a light on when you go out. These behaviours are really 4._______ (harm).
【答案】1．from 2．teeth 3．running 4．harmful
Jane Goodall，who is a scientist devoted herself to environmental protection，set up an institute 5._______ (call) “Roots & Shoots”. Its purpose is 6._______ (inspire) young people to take action for the environment. Why is the organisation called Roots & Shoots？Because roots move 7._______ (slow)under the ground to make a firm foundation，and shoots may seem small and weak, 8._______ they can break open brick walls to reach the light.
【答案】5．called 6．to inspire 7．slowly 8．but
Jane Goodall 9._______ (believe)that each individual has a role to play. Everyone should do their parts for our environment，because anyone can make a difference. It’s by acting together 10._______ we can involve thousands of millions of people. And this is what’s going to change the world.
【答案】9．believes 10．that
课堂新知讲练
1．pick up拾起；学会
(P30)…drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
【翻译】……掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
◇词汇拓讲
pick one’s pocket扒窃，掏口袋
pick out(从同类中)选出，选择；(在许多人、物中)辨别出；理解
pick over用心挑选
pick off摘掉；拔去
【用法详解】
Please pick up the pen on the ground.
＝Please pick the pen up on the ground.
请拾起地上的钢笔。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He picked ______ the ripest one among the peaches.
(2)John picked ______ the newspaper which was on his desk.
(3)All the best apples have been picked _____ by the children.
完成句子
(4)Your book is on the floor. Please ______ ______ ______.
你的书在地上。请捡起它。
【答案】(1)out (2)up (3)off (4)pick it up
2．matter vi. 要紧，重要，有重大关系
n. 事件；物质；问题；毛病
(P31)How can it matter if I leave one little tap running，one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road？
【翻译】如果我让一个小水龙头开着，一个小灯开着，或者在路上丢下一小块垃圾，这又有什么关系呢？
It matters/doesn’t matter to sb＋主语从句 (对某人来说)有关系/无关系；重要/不重要
What matters is… 重要的是……
as a matter of fact事实上，实际上
to make matters worse令情况更糟的是
【用法详解】
It matters a lot to me. 这对我很重要。
What’s the matter with you？你怎么了？
What matters most in learning English is enough practice.
在英语学习中最为重要的是充分练习。
The team has lost the last two games and，to make matters worse，two of its best players are injured.
该队输掉了上两次比赛，更糟的是，其中两个最佳球员受了伤。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)What’s the matter ______ your left eye？It looks red.
(2)She filled in a form and filed her patent application with the Patent Office. And now it’s ______ matter of waiting and hoping.
【答案】(1)with (2)a
完成句子
(3)It started to rain，and ______ ______ ______ ______ (更糟的是)，I forgot to bring an umbrella.
(4)He pretends to understand，but ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (事实上) he doesn’t.
【答案】(3)to make matters worse (4)as a matter of fact
3．bother v. 烦扰；打扰；使……不安；麻烦
(P31)…drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
【翻译】……掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
bother vt. & vi. 打扰； 烦扰； 使恼怒；麻烦，费心 bother to do sth 费心做某事
(not) bother doing sth
麻烦做某事；懒得做某事
bother sb with/about sth 用某事麻烦某人
It bothers/bothered sb that… 使某人烦恼的是……
【用法详解】
bother n. 麻烦；烦恼 put sb to any bother 给某人添乱
have bother in doing sth
做某事很费心或很麻烦
bothered adj. 担心的；烦恼的 not be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
Why bother asking if you’re not really interested？
如果你不是真的感兴趣，干嘛费口舌打听呢？
He is really a bother，for he is always putting others to bother.
他确实是个极其讨厌的人，总是给别人添堵。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)He ______ ______ ______ a great many questions some days ago.
前几天他向我提了一大堆问题。
(2)I never _____ ______ ______ his accounts，for he is very reliable.
我从不费心去核查他的账，因为他是值得信赖的。
【答案】(1)bothered me with (2)bother to check
一句多译
我一直没有对他讲真话，这让我很苦恼。
(3)It ______ ______ ______ I haven’t told him the truth.
(4)Not having told him the truth ______ ______ ______ ______.
【答案】(3)bothers me that (4)puts me to bother
4．action n. 行动；活动
(P31)To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.
【翻译】为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”组织成立了。
①take action (to do sth) 采取行动(去做某事)
②act v．& n. 行动；表现；行为
active adj. 积极的；主动的
activity n. 活动
act as充当；担当
take an active part in… 积极参与……
【用法详解】
It’s no use complaining without taking action.
光抱怨而不采取任何行动是没用的。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Last but not least，getting yourself involved in as many ______ (activity) as possible is also a good way to adapt yourself to the new environment.
【答案】(1)activities
(2)China is an ______ (act) participant in the international system and the builder，not a destroyer.
(3)It was not until the area was seriously polluted that they realised that it was high time to take action ______ (stop) pollution.
【答案】(2)active (3)to stop
完成句子
(4)When he was young，he ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ political activities.
他年轻时，积极参加各种政治活动。
【答案】(4)took an active part in
5．make a difference 有影响；有区别；有关系
(P31)Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference.
【翻译】每个人都有自己的角色去扮演。每个人都可以发挥作用。
①make a big/great deal of difference (to sb/sth) (对某人/某事)有很大影响(作用)；很重要
make no difference (to sb/sth) (对某人/某事)没有影响；没有关系
tell the difference (between A and B) 辨别/区分(A和B)
【用法详解】
②differ v. 使……相异；使……不同
different adj. 不同的；有区别的
differ from… 不同于……；和……不同
differ in… 在……方面不同
differ with sb on/about/over sth 在……上和某人有分歧/异议
be different from…in… 在……方面与……不同
This scheme will certainly make a big difference to the way I do my job.
这项计划无疑将会对我的工作方式产生深远影响。
As we know, they differ with you on this subject.
据我们所知，他们在这个问题上和你是有分歧的。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Humans differ _____ other animals in their ability to speak.
(2)What you have told me may make a difference ______ my current situation.
(3)In a natural disaster，minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference ________ life and death.
【答案】(1)from (2)to (3)between
完成句子
(4)During that period，changing schools ______ ______ ______ ______ to my life.
在那段时间里，转学对我的一生有着重大的影响。
(5)The twins are so alike; it’s difficult ______ ______ ______ ______.
这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。
【答案】(4)made a great/big difference (5)to tell the difference
6．involve vt. 参与；包含
(P32)Therefore，Roots & Shoots hopes to involve millions of young people in building a secure future so that we can live in peace with nature.
【翻译】因此，“根与芽”希望数以百万计的年轻人参与建设一个安全的未来，这样我们才能与大自然和谐共处。
①get/be/become involved in…
涉及……；卷入……；专注于……
involve…in… 使……卷入……；使……专注于……
involve doing… 包含做……
be/get involved with sb 迷上了某人
②involved adj. 有关的；卷入的；复杂的
【用法详解】
I got involved in a quarrel about the price.
我被卷入了一场有关价格的争吵。
Nasser and I do everything together; he involves me in everything.
纳萨和我做什么事都在一起，他让我参与所有的事情。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)There are a small number of people ______ (involve)，possibly as few as twenty.
(2)The test will involve ______ (answer)questions about a photograph.
【答案】(1)involved (2)answering
(3)Where do you begin if you want to become more involved ______ your neighbourhood？
(4)Tell everybody to get ______ (involve) in this activity.
【答案】(3)in (4)involved
1．(P31)But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves：“It doesn’t matter…”
【翻译】但是想想数以百万计的人们对自己说：“没关系……”
【考点提炼】
动词-ing形式短语“saying to themselves”作people的定语。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)“saying to themselves”为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词people。名词people与非谓语动词say之间构成主动关系，故用动词-ing形式。
(2)一般来说，动词-ing形式短语作定语时，往往放在被修饰的名词的后面；如果是单个动词-ing形式作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。
We met a group of pupils returning from school.
我们碰到了一群从学校回来的孩子。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)We should learn how to deal with the ______ (change) situation.
(2)The boy ______ (stand) under the tree can speak English fluently.
【答案】(1)changing (2)standing
(3)The ______ (move) train was soon out of sight.
(4)The children ran out of the room, ______ (laugh) and ______ (talk) merrily.
【答案】(3)moving (4)laughing; talking
2．(P31)To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.
【翻译】为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”组织成立了。
【考点提炼】
动词不定式“To inspire young people”表示目的。
【归纳拓展】
(1)不定式(短语)表示目的时，可放在句首表示强调，也可以放在句中。
(2)除了用不定式(短语)表示目的之外，还可以用so as to/in order to表示目的。
(3)so as to表示目的，不能放在句首；so that/in order that用在句中亦可表示目的，不过其后面需要跟句子。
To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.
为了准确地画地图，你需要一支特制的笔。
In order to get there on time，they got up early.
为了能够按时到达那里，他们早早地起床了。
She opened the door for the children to come in.
她打开门，目的是为了让孩子们进来。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)When you leave，please turn off the lights ______ (save) energy.
(2)Though he is not rich，he always does everything he can ______ (support)the homeless children.
【答案】(1)to save (2)to support
句式转换
(3)We’ll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time.
→We’ll start early ______ ______ ______ arrive in time.
【答案】(3)in order to/so as to
3．(P31)The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people…
【翻译】“根与芽”的目的是教育年轻人……
【考点提炼】
动词不定式“to educate”作表语。
【归纳拓展】
(1)不定式作表语可表示目的；事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言；有“同意、安排、命令、禁止”等含义。
(2)不定式作表语，可用主动形式表示被动意义。
They are to marry next week.
他们将在下周结婚。
The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required.
下一步你要真正弄清楚需要的是什么。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)In my view，she is ______ (blame) for the broken glasses.
(2)The purpose of education is ______ (develop) a fine personality in children.
(3)You must be patient and persistent if you are ______ (succeed).
【答案】(1)to blame (2)to develop (3)to succeed
突 破 语 法
【例句观察】
1．Well，say you leave the tap running…
2．But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves…
3．One cheered-up person，one happy dog，one flowering plant，and you.
4．Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart？
?观察领悟
【我的领悟】
1．动词-ing形式在句中可以作______(如句1)、作______(如句2，3)。
2．动词-ed形式在句中可以作______(如句4)。
Keys：1．宾语补足语； 定语 2．宾语补足语
一、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作状语
1．动词-ing形式作状语。
动词-ing形式作状语，常表原因、伴随、时间、结果等，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
他的父母亲去世了，留下他成了孤儿。
Hearing the news，they got excited.
听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。
?动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式
2．动词-ed形式作状语。
(1)动词-ed形式作状语，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
Seriously injured，she had to be sent to hospital at once.
受伤严重，她不得不被立刻送往医院。
Given the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.
如果给予正确的训练，这些青少年足球运动员有一天也许会成为国际明星。
(2)某些动词-ed形式已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构中，此时这些动词-ed形式既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如lost(迷路的)，seated(坐着的)，hidden(隐瞒的)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着……的)，satisfied with(对……满意)；determined to(下决心去做……)；tired of(对……感到厌倦)等。
Absorbed in his book，he didn’t notice me enter the room.
他完全被这本书所吸引，没有注意到我进入了房间。
二、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作定语
1．作定语的及物动词的非谓语动词形式为doing，being done和done。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时用doing；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作正在进行时用being done；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作已完成时用done。
The broken glass is Tom’s.
这个打破了的杯子是汤姆的。
I have never seen a more moving film.
我从没看过比这部更令人感动的电影。
The houses being built are for the teachers.
正在建的房子是给老师们的。
2．作定语的不及物动词的非谓语动词形式为doing和done，doing表示正在进行；done表示已经完成，如：boiling water正在沸腾的水，boiled water开水。
Tsinghua University，founded in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
众多杰出人物从始建于1911年的清华大学毕业。
The lecture，starting at 7:00 p. m. last night，was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
始于昨天晚上7点的演讲，紧跟在用望远镜对月球进行观测之后。
三、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作补语
1．非谓语动词作感官动词(短语)、使役动词的宾补。
(1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的宾语补足语有四种形式， 以see为例：
As I got closer，I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.
当我走近时，我看见他的腿在空中乱踢，并且呼吸沉重。
I’d like to see the plan carried out.
我想看到这个计划被执行。
(2)使役动词make，have，get后接复合宾语的情况：
He tried to make himself understood.
他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了。
The teacher made some students stay in the classroom after school.
老师让一些学生放学后待在教室里。
He had the fire burning all the night.
他让火燃烧了一夜。
He had his wallet stolen on his way home.
在回家的路上，他的钱包被偷了。
She got her bike running very fast.
她把自行车骑得飞快。
I’ll get my bike repaired tomorrow.
我明天要(请人)修一下我的自行车。
2．动词leave，keep，find，catch后接非谓语动词作复合宾语的情况：
(4)catch sb doing sth 撞见某人正在做某事
四、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作主语、表语及其他
1．动词-ing形式作主语：动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作。下列句型中常用动词-ing形式作主语：
(1)It is/was a waste (of…)/no use/no good doing sth
(2)There is/was no sense/no point (in)doing sth
It is no good coming before that.
在那之前来是不好的。
There is no sense(in)worrying about it now.
现在大可不必为那件事忧虑。
2．动词不定式与动词-ing形式作表语：动词不定式作表语表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作，而动词-ing形式作表语表示通常的情况。
My dream is to enter Beijing University.
我的梦想是考入北京大学。
My job is teaching you English.
我的工作是教你们英语。
3．动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语：表示事物的特征或性质时，表语用动词-ing形式；表示人的内心感受时，表语用动词-ed形式。
Please describe a dog that is frightening.
请描述一只令人害怕的狗。
Please describe a dog that is frightened.
请描述一只惊恐的狗。
五、动词-ing形式的时态和语态
时态形式 意义 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 与谓语动词的动作同时或稍后发生 doing being done
完成式 先于谓语动词的动作完成 having done having been done
Do you like playing chess？
你喜欢下棋吗？
Having finished his homework，he went to bed.
完成作业后，他上床睡觉了。
She was pleased that the teacher wasn’t angry with her for having been so rude.
她很高兴老师没有因为她的无礼而生气。
注意：动词need，want，require作“需要”讲时，后跟动词-ing形式表示被动意义，也可跟不定式的被动结构；be worth后则用动词-ing形式表示被动意义。
Your paper needs checking/to be checked again.
你的试卷需要再检查一遍。
The book is worth reading again.
这本书值得再读一遍。
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
E-waste has been a problem since the 1970s because of how difficult it is 1._______ (separate) things like metal and plastic from various products. Also, many electronics contain toxic materials that can pollute the environment if 2._______ (leave) in landfills. Over the last few decades, the problem of e-waste has only increased with advancements in technology.
【答案】1．to separate 2．left
?追踪练习
E-waste is now the fastest-growing waste stream around the world. The total amount of e-waste 3._______ (create) every year is expected to reach 74 million tons by the year 2030．Currently, it is estimated that only 17 percent of global e-waste is properly recycled. However, the United Nation hopes 4._______ (bring) that number up to 30 percent by the end of 2023.
【答案】3．created 4．to bring
With more people 5.______ (use) smart phones and computers every year, the problem of e-waste can’t be ignored. 6._______ (increase) the recycling rate of e-waste item, cities should consider 7._______ (add) special collection boxes at grocery stores or government offices. There should be also delivery or pick-up services for e-waste items. That way, these items can 8._______ (send) directly to people who are able to properly take them apart and recover their useful components.
【答案】5．using 6．To increase 7．adding 8．be sent
Despite current difficulties, e-waste has great 9._______ (recycle) potential(可能性). In addition to the items thrown away, lots of people keep old devices that aren’t used anymore. As a whole, they add up to lots of metals and minerals that can, and should, be recycled. If these components are recycled 10._______ (make) new products, there would be less of a need to dig for more around the world.
【答案】9．recycling 10．to make
二、完成句子
1．______ ______ rows of trees，our school stands out from all the other buildings.
被成排的树围着，我们学校在所有其他建筑物中显得很突出。
【答案】1．Surrounded by
2．The players ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.
从全国选出来的这些运动员有望在今年夏季的比赛中给我们带来荣誉。
3．______ ______ ______ ______ of Mount Tai，the students decided to spend another two days on it.
被泰山的美丽所吸引，学生们决定再在上面待两天。
【答案】2．chosen from the whole country
3．Attracted by the beauty
4．My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot ______ ______ fish.
我爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼赚了很多钱。
5．Everyone was silent, ______ ______ ______ who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
大家都默不作声，等着看谁能大声朗读自己的段落。
【答案】4．by selling 5．waiting to see
6．_____ _____ _____ _____，this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
7．He stood there silently，______ ______ ______.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
8．He arrives at school very late every day, ______ his teacher ______ ______.
他每天都很晚到达学校，这让他的老师很生气。
【答案】6．Written in a hurry 7．moved to tears
8．making; very angry
9．With ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______, she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
10．I ______ an old man ______ ______ by a car just now.
刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
【答案】9．so many people looking at her
10．saw; knocked down
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1．He laid the ______(基础) for his success by studying hard.
2．His two-storey ______ (砖) home was surrounded by tall, leafy trees.
3．When spring comes，bamboo ______(嫩芽) grow from around the roots.
【答案】1．foundation 2．brick 3．shoots
4．The change in climate might be one of the causes for the ______ (灭绝) of the dinosaurs.
5．Harry found himself getting angry over little things that had never ______ (烦恼) him before.
6．If she were ______(参与) in business，she would become a successful leader.
【答案】4．extinction 5．bothered 6．involved
7．An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public ______(交通运输系统).
8．She is studying in an art ______(研究院), which is beyond our expectation.
9．We must maintain a ______(坚定的) attitude towards protecting the environment.
10．She is in the dilemma of ______(平衡) career and family.
【答案】7．transport 8．institute 9．firm 10．balancing
二、单句语法填空
1．It is a small matter；don’t get so hot and ______(bother).
2．______ (seat) behind a wooden desk, he examines my passport and visa.
【答案】1．bothered 2．Seated
3．The people ______(wait) for the bus are talking with each other.
4．As we all know，______(freeze) winter is harmful to orange trees.
5．This photo shows how the ______(root) of plants go deeply into the soil.
【答案】3．waiting 4．freezing 5．roots
6．The mountain trip was tiring，so all of us including the guide felt ______(tire).
7．The little boy still needed the ______(remain) 20 dollars to do a lot of things.
8．We found him ______(lie) on a bench，with his eyes fixed on a kite in the sky.
【答案】6．tired 7．remaining 8．lying
9．He is still involved ______ voluntary work promoting local enterprise.
10．Just as is mentioned in the book，best friends are the ______(found) of my life.
【答案】9．in/with 10．foundation
三、完成句子
1．I just can _____ _____ _____ _____ look after the house.
我只是懒得照看那房子。
2．It is high time that we should ______ ______ ______ ______ the water resources.
是我们采取措施保护水资源的时候了。
【答案】1．not be bothered to 2．take action to protect
3．I think life is like a story. ______ ______ ______ not how long it is but how good it is.
我觉得人生就像一个故事。重要的不是它有多长，而是它有多好。
4．The chance is right in front of us, but ______ ______ ______ ______ a risk？
机会就在面前，但值得冒此风险吗？
【答案】3．What matters is 4．is it worth taking
5．If we work hard together, our actions can ______ ______ ______ ______ the world and lead to a better future.
如果我们共同努力，我们的行动将对世界产生影响，并带来更美好的未来。
【答案】5．make a difference to (共49张PPT)
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
Period Six Viewing Workshop
—Check Your Progress
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．每年，一年一度地 B．污染物
C．废弃物填埋场 D. 满是，有许多；泛滥
1．New regulations will reduce hazardous air pollutants. ( )
2．These animals migrate annually in search of food.( )
3．The river had overflowed its banks. ( )
4．The map shows the position of the new landfills. ( )
【答案】1－4 BADC
Ⅱ．预备写作素材
1．By cleaning up your garbage before you leave the theatre, you can ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ your kids. (为……树立一个好榜样)
2．Global warming has already caused ______ ______ ______ ______ problems. (大范围的)
3．The burning fossil fuels and human activities ______ ______ air pollution. (导致)
【答案】1．set a great example for
2．a wide range of 3．contribute to
课堂新知讲练
1．set an example 树立榜样
(P43)In Europe，Sweden is setting a great example when it comes to recycling.
【翻译】在欧洲，瑞典在回收方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
◇词汇拓讲
①example n．例子；榜样
set an example树立榜样
for example例如；比如
②有关set的短语归纳：
set off启程；出发；点燃；使爆炸；使开始
set about着手；开始
set up创立；开办；张贴
【用法详解】
set aside存蓄；留出
set foot in/on 登上；涉足；访问
set fire to sth ＝ set sth on fire点燃；生火
set out (to do) 出发； 企图； 打算(做)
set down让……下车； 记下；写下；登记
The teacher arrived at the office early to set an example to the students.
老师上班很早，以便给学生树立一个榜样。
【针对练习】
介词或副词填空
(1)The young workers set ___ their work with great enthusiasm.
(2)The wife set ______ immediately to see a famous lawyer.
(3)He has achieved what he set ______ to do three years ago.
(4)It’s important to set ______ time for relaxation，hobbies，and entertainment as well.
(5)He set ______ example of wholehearted service to the people.
【答案】(1)about (2)off (3)out (4)aside (5)an
完成句子
(6)Her diligence has _____ _____ _____ ______ the others.
她的勤奋为其他人树立了榜样。
(7)The government ______ ______ ______ a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse.
政府已经成立了工作组，调查滥用毒品问题。
【答案】(6)set an example to (7)has set up
2．end up 结束
(P43)Even though the nation produces around four and a half million tonnes of household waste each year，less than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills.
【翻译】尽管这个国家每年产生约450万吨生活垃圾，但只有不到1%的垃圾最终被填埋。
①end up doing结果
end (up) in…结果为……；最终会……(后常跟表地点的名词)
end (up) with… 以……结束/告终
end (up) as… 最终成为……
【用法详解】
②end n. 结束；目标；尽头；末端
come to an end结束
bring/put…to an end(＝put/bring an end to) 使……终止
at the end of… 在……末尾
make ends meet使收支相抵
If you stick to doing that，you will end up in trouble.
你要坚持做那件事的话，将来麻烦可多着呢。
If travelling to your destination by train，you may end up paying more.
如果乘火车去你的目的地，你可能要多付钱。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)If you take time and effort to do this, you will end up ______ more friends.
(2)The food finally arrived ______ the end of last week and distribution began.
【答案】(1)with (2)at
根据汉语提示补全短文
Jenny majored in marketing at the first year of university. Last summer vacation, she went to a village as a volunteer teacher. When the holiday (3)_________(结束), she found herself more interested in teaching. So she decided to switch to a new major. After communicating with her parents and teachers, they (4)__________ ______ (最后支持她). Three years later, Jenny (5)_________ (最终成为一名老师).
【答案】(3)came to an end (4)ended up supporting her
(5)ended up as a teacher
3．a huge amount of 大量的
(P43)A huge amount of waste－800，000 tonnes－is imported each year to produce Sweden’s electricity.
【翻译】瑞典每年要进口80万吨的垃圾来发电。
①a large amount of/amounts of大量的
(谓语的单复数形式由amount决定)
②常见的类似短语还有：
a great/good/large/huge/vast amount of大量的
a small amount of少量的
large/small amounts of大(少)量的
in large/small amounts大量地/少量地
amount to总计为；等于是
【用法详解】
Large amounts of money were spent on the subway.
建地铁花了很多钱。
Waste water rushed out of the factory in large amounts.
大量废水从这家工厂流出。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The server is designed to store huge ______ (amount) of data.
(2)As we all know，a large amount of money ______ (be) given to the company as a reward the other day.
【答案】(1)amounts (2)was
完成句子
(3)With more forests being destroyed, ______ ______ ______ ______ good earth ______ being washed away each year.
随着越来越多的森林被毁坏，每年大量的优质土壤被冲走。
【答案】(3)a large amount of/a great deal of/a large quantity of; is
4．lead to 导致；通向
(P43)If the waste is not disposed of properly，it can lead to disease，pollution and other environmental issues.
【翻译】如果废物处理不当，就会导致疾病、污染和其他环境问题。
①lead to中的to为介词，其后需要跟名词或动词-ing形式
lead sb to do sth 带领某人做某事(to为不定式符号)
②leading adj. 主要的；最重要的；卓越的；一流的；领导的；带头的
leader n. 领袖；领导者；指挥者
leadership n. 领导；指挥；领导权
under the leadership of… 在……的领导下
【用法详解】
Excuse me，does this road lead to the railway station？
打扰了，请问这条路是通向火车站的吗？
Hard work leads to success，while laziness leads to failure.
勤奋通向成功，而懒惰导致失败。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Jealousy(嫉妒) and anger usually lead to ______ (do) the wrong thing.
(2)It’s you who lead me ______ (find) the true meaning of life.
【答案】(1)doing (2)to find
完成句子
(3)There is no doubt that stress can ______ ______ physical illness.
毫无疑问，心理压力会导致生理疾病。
(4)Her advice ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
她的劝告使我再次尝试。
【答案】(3)lead to (4)led me to try again
5．result in 导致；结果是
(P44)This resulted in the flooding of the River Po near Turin in Italy.
【翻译】这导致了意大利都灵附近的波河的洪水。
①result n．结果；成绩；答案
vi. 结果；导致；产生
②result from… 由……产生
as a result/consequence因此；结果
as a result/consequence of… 作为……的结果；由于……
without result无效地；毫无结果地
【用法详解】
The accident resulted in the death of two people.
这场意外事故造成两人死亡。
He didn’t work hard. As a result，he failed his exam.
他不用功，结果考试不及格。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Shouting and threats of punishment would result ______ a disaster.
(2)His illness resulted ______ eating bad food.
(3)He was late for school as a result ______ the heavy snow.
【答案】(1)in (2)from (3)of
完成句子
(4)___ ___ ____，they saved 90% of the trees in the forest.
结果，他们拯救了森林里90%的树木。
(5)I’ve been trying to open the box，but _____ _____ so far.
我一直在想法打开箱子，但到现在还没有打开。
(6)Fifty percent of road accidents _____ _____ head injuries.
50%的道路交通事故都会导致头部损伤。
【答案】(4)As a result (5)without result (6)result in
1．(P43)In Europe，Sweden is setting a great example when it comes to recycling.
【翻译】在欧洲，瑞典在回收方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
【考点提炼】
When it comes to… 当谈到……的时候
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)When it comes to…句式中to为介词，其后需要跟名词或动词-ing形式
(2)有关come的短语和句式结构：
How did it come about that…？……是怎样产生的？
When it comes to German，I know nothing.
说到德语，我什么都不懂！
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)When it comes ______ friends，I desire those who will share my happiness.
(2)When it comes to ______ (play)football and basketball，nobody can match him.
【答案】(1)to (2)playing
完成句子
(3)Carol is no match for her mother when it ______ ______ ______.
卡罗尔在做饭方面不是她母亲的对手。
(4)_____ _____ ______ ______ ______ ______, the majority of people feel embarrassed.
谈到这个话题的时候，大部分人都会感到尴尬。
【答案】(3)comes to cooking (4)When it comes to the topic
2．(P44)Over the past 100 years，average temperatures around the world have risen by between0．5℃ and 1℃.
【翻译】在过去的100年里，全球平均气温上升了0．5到1摄氏度。
【考点提炼】
over the past 100 years意为“在过去的100年里”，带有over的时间状语常与现在完成时连用。
【归纳拓展】
(1)have/has done是现在完成时的基本结构，其被动形式为have/has been done。
(2)现在完成(进行)时的标志词有：(ever)since，so far，up to now/until now，in(over/during/for)the last/past few years (days，months，weeks)，recently/lately，these years，“for＋一段时间”等。
Up to now，the work has been quite smooth.
到目前为止，工作很顺利。
Great changes have taken place in our school in the past few years.
在过去的几年里，我们学校发生了巨大的变化。
【针对练习】
用所给词的适当形式填空
My village has taken on a brand-new look since the government (1)______(attach)great importance to the development of the countryside. Disadvantaged villagers (2)______ (lift) out of poverty(贫穷) due to a series of favourable policies.
【答案】(1)attached (2)have been lifted
Additionally, not only have many tall buildings and broad ways (3)______ (build), but education and health care systems have also got dramatically (4)______ (improve), which greatly (5)______ (add) to the happiness and convenience of the villagers in my hometown.
【答案】(3)been built (4)improved (5)adds
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1．He intended to give away a large a_______ of money to the Project Hope.
2．Some solid waste sent to l______ also generates emissions.
3．Honesty and hard work l_______ to success and happiness.
4．Waste p______ are one of the biggest headaches for cities.
【答案】1．amount 2．landfill 3．lead 4．pollutants
5．There will be heavy rain with f_______ in some areas.
6．The streets were ______ (满是) with the crowds.
7．In the US 100,000 people are given electric shock treatment ______ (每年).
8．Mum always tells us not to eat outside，because they often use the ______ (可循环使用的) oil.
【答案】5．flooding 6．overflowing 7．annually 8．recycled
二、单句语法填空
1．The majority of these employees have no voice，especially when it comes ______ their own safety.
2．It is possible that one day we will end up ______ a disability.
【答案】1．to 2．as
3．We ___________ (keep) in touch with each other ever since ten years ago.
4．When he was young，all his energy was used for ______ (cause) trouble.
5．That is ______ alternative we think most Americans would rather not experience.
【答案】3．have been keeping/have kept 4．causing 5．an
6．To our delight，the new rules will become ______ (effect) in the next few days.
7．As we all know，stress and tiredness often result ______ a lack of concentration.
8．Firemen said the fire was under control，but they warned that the change in the weather might lead ______ new fires.
【答案】6．effective 7．in 8．to
9．If someone ________ (encourage) by something that happens，it gives them hope or confidence.
10．Despite the large amount of time devoted to ______ (listen) every day，most college students do not listen effectively.
【答案】9．is encouraged 10．listening
三、根据汉语提示补全短文
1.__________ (当谈到……的时候) the ocean, we are worried that its pollution is becoming more and more serious. World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising people’s awareness of ocean conservation. The ocean 2.___________ (在……中起重要作用) the world. It offers us sufficient food and 3._____________ (保持平衡) of nature.
【答案】1．When it comes to 2．plays an important part in
3．maintains the balance
Therefore, it is time for us to 4._______________ (献身于) protecting the ocean. First of all, we should stop our own bad behaviour and 5._______________ (树立好榜样) to others. What’s more, we can hand out various brochures to call on people to protect the ocean. The more people 6._____________ (参与), the better ocean environment is.
【答案】4．devote ourselves to 5．set a good example
6．are/get involved (共64张PPT)
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
Period Five Writing Workshop
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．图解，示意图 B．百分比，百分率
C．表明；显示 D．看法；态度
1．Our survey indicates that one in four children is bullied at school. ( )
2．The teacher drew a diagram showing how the blood flows through the heart. ( )
【答案】1－2 CA
3．What percentage of women return to work after having a baby？ ( )
4．It’s often very difficult to change people’s attitudes. ( )
【答案】3－4 BD
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．major adj. →____________ n．大多数
2．plastics n. →____________ adj. 塑料制的
3．contain n. →____________ n．容器
【答案】1．majority 2．plastic 3．container
Ⅲ．预备写作素材
1．He never thought that there were so many people willing to ______ ______ ______ the survey. (参加)
2．To save energy, do ______ ______ the computer when you’re not using it. (关上)
3．______ ______ ______ ______ a lot of people were taking care of our environment. (据说)
【答案】1．take part in 2．turn off 3．It is said that
课堂新知讲练
1．attitude n. 看法；态度
(P40)Last August，city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken.
【翻译】去年8月，城市官员采访了大约500名市民，调查了解人们对保护环境的态度以及他们采取了什么行动。
◇词汇拓讲
①attitude to/towards… 对……的态度
(to为介词，其后跟名词或动词-ing形式)
②形近词：altitude n. 高地；高度；海拔
【用法详解】
She takes a positive attitude towards the plan.
她对这个计划抱有非常积极的态度。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)What’s your attitude ______ the matter？
(2)Most of the teachers in the school are against the attitude towards ______ (build) another teaching building.
(3)It’s time you change your attitude ______ women now.
【答案】(1)towards/to (2)building (3)towards/to
2．take part (in) 参加
(P40)More than half of those who took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month.
【翻译】参与调查的人中，超过一半的人在过去一个月里完成了(上述)五项活动中的四项。
take off脱下；起飞；成功；匆匆离开
take in吸收；欺骗；理解；包括；收留
take up占据；从事；接受；继续
take advantage of利用
take on承担；呈现；雇佣
take over接管
take away带走
take down写下；放下
【用法详解】
注意：
当part前出现形容词时，需加冠词a/an，如：take an active part in…积极参加……
【易混辨析】
辨析join/join in/take part in/attend
词汇 用法 例句
join 指加入某个组织成为其中一员 He joined the Party in 1980.
他是在1980年入党的。
join (sb)
in 参与某项活动，在口语中常与take part in通用 We’ll go to the park tomorrow. Will you join us？
明天我们去公园。你和我们一道去吗？
词汇 用法 例句
take part
in 指参加群众性活动等，并在其中起积极作用 I suggest those taking part in the competition should be praised.
我建议那些参加比赛的人应受到表扬。
attend 指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座，上学等 He’ll attend an important meeting tomorrow.
他明天要参加一个重要会议。
You may wish to take advantage of our instructional session.
你应该充分利用我们的教学课程。
In the fine drizzle the willows take on a brighter green.
柳树在蒙蒙的雨丝中更显得艳绿。
【针对练习】
用attend/take part in/join/join in的适当形式填空
(1)He would never forget the day when he ______ the Party.
(2)We are having supper now. Would you like to ______？
(3)We ___ the wedding ceremony held yesterday in Tom’s house.
(4)All the students in the class ______ the thorough cleaning and after that they held a party.
【答案】(1)joined (2)join in (3)attended (4)took part in
3．to sum up 总之
(P40)To sum up，it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
【翻译】总之，似乎所有参与的人都明白保护环境的必要性。
①sum n. 金额；总数
to sum up总之；概括地说
in sum简而言之；总之
a large sum of大量的
sum up总结；概述；计算……的总数
【用法详解】
②表示“概括、总结”含义的短语归纳：
in conclusion总之
in brief 简言之
in a word 一句话
generally speaking一般而言
on the whole 总的来说
To sum up，team sports help students be successful in life.
总之，团队运动可以帮助学生们在生活中取得成功。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Benjamin contributed ______ ______ ______ ______ money to the hospital.
本杰明向医院捐赠了一笔巨款。
(2)______ ______, he is doing his best in the program.
总之，他正为这项活动尽自己最大的努力。
【答案】(1)a large sum of (2)In sum/conclusion
4．majority n．大多数
(P40)Also，the majority of residents had cycled or walked.
【翻译】而且，大多数居民骑车或步行。
①a/the majority of大多数
be in a/the majority构成大多数/大部分
②major vi. 主攻；专修 adj. 较多的；主要的；较大的
major in主修
③minority n. 少数；少数派/人
【用法详解】
English is one of our major subjects.
英语是我们的主修课之一。
The majority of students believe smoking is harmful to health.
大多数学生认为，吸烟有害健康。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)At the meeting, young people were ______ the majority.
(2)The majority of candidates ______ (be) in favour of the proposal put forward at the meeting yesterday.
(3)For the next week，this would be one of the _______ (majority) events of each day.
【答案】(1)in (2)were (3)major
完成句子
(4)Our classmates who prefer to hold a party for him ______ ______ ______ ______.
我们同学中愿意为他举办聚会的占大多数。
(5)One-third of the country is covered with trees and ______ ______ ______ the citizens ______ black people.
这个国家有三分之一的面积被森林覆盖，并且大多数公民是黑人。
【答案】(4)are in the majority (5)the/a majority of; are
5．indicate vt. 表明；显示
(P40)This indicates that the residents needed to pay more attention to these two activities.
【翻译】这说明居民需要对这两项活动给予更多的关注。
①indicate vt. 象征；指示；指出
indicate sth to sb 向某人指出某物
indicate that…表明……；指出……
②indication n. 指示，指出；迹象；象征
indication of doing sth 做某事的迹象
【用法详解】
It indicates that the tradition has a long history.
这表明，该传统源远流长。
Problems in vision can indicate a problem outside of the eye itself.
视觉问题可能显示出眼睛本身以外的问题。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Long marks on the street ______ (indicate) that the driver had attempted to brake.
(2)All the ______ (indicate) are that we are going to receive reasonable support from abroad.
【答案】(1)indicated (2)indications
完成句子
(3)A red sky at night ______ ______ the following day will be fine.
夜空呈红色往往预示着第二天天晴。
(4)She took out a map and ______ the quickest route ______ ______.
她拿出一张地图，给我们指出最快捷的路线。
【答案】(3)indicates that (4)indicated; to us
(P40)As the diagram shows，the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as_high_as 96%.
【翻译】如图所示，认为自己需要帮助保护环境的比例高达96%。
【考点提炼】
as…as结构的用法
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)as…as意为“和……一样”，表示同级比较，第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词，其基本结构为：as＋adj. /adv. ＋as＋其他成分；其否定形式为not as/so as…。
(2)在as…as中间如需使用单数可数名词，名词前要有形容词和不定冠词。
Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.
你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。
Dick is as naughty a boy as Mike.
迪克和迈克是一样淘气的孩子。
(3)有关as…as的几个常见句式：
as…as possible尽可能 ……
as…as usual/before和往常/以前……一样
as well as和…… 一样好
as far as… 远到……
Don’t worry. I’ll answer your question as soon as possible.
不用担心。我会尽快回答你的问题的。
He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.
昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。
(4)as many/much as… 表示“多达……；有……”
(5)如果as…as结构有诸如twice，three times，half等修饰成分，必须置于第一个as之前
We have produced twice as much cotton this year as we did last year.
我们今年棉花产量是去年的两倍。
(6)当as…as与表示重量、数量、时间、距离、价格等计量名词连用时，往往不是表示比较，而是构成一个形容词组，意为“重达、多达、高达……”
The river is as deep as 10 metres.
这条河深达10米。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The little girl cooks as ______ (good) as her mother does.
(2)The distance between fashion and art remains as ______ (greatly) as ever.
(3)The bag hung on the wall is ______ (one) as expensive as mine.
【答案】(1)well (2)great (3)once
完成句子
(4)She looks ______ ______ ______ ______.
她看起来像以前一样漂亮。
(5)Tony is ______ ______ ______ ______ as his brother.
托尼是一个和他兄弟一样聪明的男孩。
【答案】(4)as pretty/beautiful as before
(5)as clever/smart a boy
(6) ______ ______ ______ 79% of the students are for the proposal put forward at the meeting.
高达79%的学生支持这次会议上提出的这个建议。
【答案】(6)As high as
写作高效提升
1．as the diagram shows/indicates如图所示
2．conduct a survey开展了一次调查
3．as can be seen from the survey从调查中可看出
4．benefit a lot 受益匪浅
5．a large number of/the majority of大量的/大多数……
◎话题短语
6．be helpful/be of great help… ……是有帮助的
7．realise the importance of… 意识到……的重要性
8．keep in mind铭记在心
9．from my point of view/personally speaking个人认为
10．make the best of/make full use of充分利用
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．Recently a survey has been done to find out…
2．We’ve conducted a survey recently to learn something about… It can be seen from the figures/statistics that…
◎话题佳句
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
3．Some of the students firmly believe that we are supposed to…
4．However，the majority of the students think it’s not necessary for them to…
【回味无穷的结尾句】
5．From/According to the result of the survey，we can conclude that it’s of great importance…
6．To sum up/Personally speaking，…is of great benefit for all of us.
【写作任务】
近来，你就你市拟开发一处历史遗迹这一事件对你校100名学生进行调查。最终结果如下表，请你根据下面表格内容写一篇调查报告向你校英语报投稿。
◎写作范例
观点 占比 理由
赞成开发 10% 历史遗址应开发利用以便吸引更多的游客来旅游
反对开发 90% 历史遗址是文明的象征，应保持原样和好好保护
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
It is said that our city plans to develop a historical site. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作指导】
1．明确写作体裁：应用文。
2．写作时态以一般现在时为主，人称以第三人称和第一人称为主。
3．谋篇布局文章结构：首段引出话题；主体段详细介绍调查对象的观点及其原因；尾段总结调查结果。
【学以致用】
重点词汇
(1)调查(报告)______
(2)开发 ______
(3)吸引 ______
(4)文明 ______
(5)极其重要的 ______
【答案】(1)survey (2)develop (3)attract (4)civilisation (5)vital
(6)如表格所示 ______
(7)支持 ______
(8)值得做 ______
(9)………的象征 ______
(10)大多数 ______
【答案】(6)as the form shows (7)be in favour of
(8)be worth doing (9)a symbol of (10)a majority of
句式升级
①They think the historical site is worth developing.
②It can attract more visitors.
(1)把上面①②句用so that合并为一句话
____________________________________
③Those students are against the idea.
④The percentage of them is as high as 90%.
【答案】(1)They think the historical site is worth developing so that it can attract more visitors.
(2)把上面③④句合并为一个复合句
____________________________________
⑤They think that the historical site is a symbol of civilisation.
⑥We should keep it as it is and protect it properly.
【答案】(2)The percentage of those who are against the idea is as high as 90%.
(3)把上面⑤⑥句用适当的过渡词进行连接
__________________________________________
【答案】(3)They think that the historical site is a symbol of civilisation. Therefore, we should keep it as it is and protect it properly.
【参考范文】
It is said that our city plans to develop a historical site. Recently I have conducted a survey of 100 students of my school. Here are the results.
As the form shows, 10% of the students are in favour of the idea. They think the historical site is worth developing so that it can attract more visitors. The percentage of those who are against the idea is as high as 90%. They think that the historical site is a symbol of civilisation. Therefore, we should keep it as it is and protect it properly.
To sum up, a majority of the students oppose the idea, and they think it is vital to protect the historical site.
假定你是李华，最近你校学生会对分类垃圾箱是否进学校一事进行了调查，调查结果见下表。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文，给校报投稿。
◎写作练笔
内容包括：
1．学生对分类垃圾箱进学校的不同看法及所占比例：
观点 占比 理由
同意 60% 有利于资源回收，并有助于学生养成良好的垃圾分类习惯
不同意 30% 麻烦，习惯很难改
无所谓 10% 此事与我无关
2．表达你自己的观点。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classification
Dear Editor，
Recently the Students’ Union has conducted a survey on whether recycling dustbins should be set at school.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Editor，
Recently the Students’ Union has conducted a survey on whether recycling dustbins should be set at school.
Seen from the form, opinions are divided about this act. More than half of the students, 60%, are completely agree with this act, as it is not only beneficial to recycling of resources, but also can help students develop their habits of garbage classification. However, surprisingly, 30% of the students hold the opposite opinion. They consider it troublesome and resist changing their habits. Besides, the rest care little about it, for they think it is none of their business.
Personally speaking, I’m in favour of this act. I believe it’s crucial to raise people’s awareness of garbage classification, from which we will get great benefits for the future.
Yours，
Li Hua (共30张PPT)
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
美 文 导 入
素养解读：本单元涉及普通高中英语课程标准中主体语境“人与自然”下的“环境保护和自然生态”子主题。语篇类型主要以说明文为主。通过单元话题的阅读使学生充分意识到保护环境、人与自然和谐相处的必要性和重要性，从而进一步培养从自我做起、从小事做起的意识，真正参与到环保大家庭中来，为“人与自然”的和谐相处贡献一份力量。
主题：环保
学科素养：文化意识与思维品质
难度系数：★★★
Once man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth，and natural resources seemed to be unlimited.
Today things are different. The world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources，and polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this，human life on earth will not survive.
①We realise that if too many fish are taken from the sea，there will soon be none left. Yet，with modern fishing methods，more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down，forests will disappear. Yet，we continue to use powerful machines to cut down more and more trees. We see that if rivers are polluted with waste products，we will die. Yet，waste products are still put into rivers. We know that if the population continues to rise at the present rate without protecting the earth，in the future，there won’t be enough food. What can we do to solve these problems？
If we eat more vegetables and less meat，there will be more food available. ②Land for crops feeds five times more people than land where animals are kept. Our natural resources will last longer if we learn to recycle them.
Finally，if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner planet in the future.
environment / n'va r nm nt/ n．(自然)环境；周围状况
unlimited / n'l m t d/ adj.无限量的；无限制的
crowded /'kra d d/ adj.拥挤的；挤满的；塞满的
survive /s 'va v/ vi.幸存；活下来
available / 've l bl/ adj.可用的；可得到的
○课标词汇
use up用光
cut down砍倒；割掉
at the present rate按目前的速度
last longer持续时间更长
think about考虑
○重要短语
①We realise that if too many fish are taken from the sea，there will soon be none left.
分析：该句为复合句。主句“We realise”后是that引导的宾语从句，其中“if too many fish are taken from the sea”为条件状语从句，left为过去分词，作none的后置定语。
译文：我们意识到，如果从海里捕捞太多的鱼，很快就会没有鱼了。
○句型精析
②Land for crops feeds five times more people than land where animals are kept.
分析：该句为复合句。“five times more people than land”为倍数表达法，“where animals are kept”为定语从句，修饰先行词land。
译文：种植庄稼的土地比饲养动物的土地养活的人多五倍。
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
1．掌握“听”过程中如何记笔记的方法；
2．掌握本单元的重点词汇和句式；
3．学习动词-ing形式与-ed形式的句法功能和用法；
4．通过文章中的“事件发展顺序”更好地理解文章的结构、大意和内容。
【素养提升】
1．学生使用单元词汇和句式结构写一则调查报告；
2．使学生充分意识到环保的重要性，并积极参与到环境保护的活动中去。
单元词汇预通关
一、中英互译
1．adj. 坚实的；稳固的 _________
2．vi. & vt. 再利用，回收利用______
3．adv. 因此；由此 ______
【答案】1．firm 2．recycle 3．therefore
4．attitude ________
5．solution ________
6．indicate ________
【答案】4．n. 看法；态度 5．n. 解决办法 6．vt. 表明；显示
二、选词填空
动词
shoot, overflow, sum, involve, recycle, indicate, occur, overcome, disappear
1．We plan to ______ all kinds of garbage around the city.
2．Something gave me the strength to ______ the difficulty.
【答案】1．recycle 2．overcome
3．Many traditional folk arts will ______ in people’s memory.
4．These studies ______ teenagers from more than 50 countries.
5．We tried to ______ him，but he ran away because it was dark.
【答案】3．disappear 4．involve 5．shoot
名词(Ⅰ)
profit, destination, institute, determination, diagram, survival, proposal, transport, solution
1．The ______ was accepted by the most people attending the meeting.
2．In a word，there is no simple ______ to this problem.
【答案】1．proposal 2．solution
3．Animals are fighting for ______ because it is the law of nature.
4．They plan to arrive at their ______ in twenty hours.
5．You must have the ______ and courage to challenge yourself.
【答案】3．survival 4．destination 5．determination
名词(Ⅱ)
attitude, institute, foundation, rate, balance, percentage, majority, organiser, founder
6．Honesty is the ______ of the strongest relationship.
7．The great ______ of people seem to agree with my view.
8．That sort of ______ really gets my back up.
【答案】6．foundation 7．majority 8．attitude
9．What is the ______ of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work？
10．Destroying the ecological ______ is the most serious environmental problem.
【答案】9．percentage 10．balance
形容词
global, bothered, firm, contented, former, ordinary, slim, current, official
1．As you can see，this is not an ______ theatre at all.
2．Hollywood wants to attract ______ viewers with this film.
【答案】1．ordinary 2．global
3．People even need ______ permission to enter the small village.
4．He is not ______ about his present nor worried about his future.
5．Looking at the green crops in the field，she showed a ______ smile.
【答案】3．official 4．bothered 5．contented
三、一词多义匹配练习
official A．n. 官员 B．n. 高级职员
C．adj. 公务的 D．adj. 官方的；正式的
1．Public health officials were called in to inspect the restaurant. ( )
2．The people are very satisfied with the official policy. ( )
【答案】1－2 AD
3．The young official in my company was ordered to visit Western Europe. ( )
4．Many local governments will strictly control official vehicles. ( )
【答案】3－4 BC
四、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．I believe we can find the best ______(solve) through discussion.
2．The sheep in front of me will ______(appear) into the thick forest.
3．You can’t help but admire her ____ (determine) to succeed.
【答案】1．solution 2．disappear 3．determination
4．Without ______(electrical)and water，people may not be able to survive now.
5．According to the ______(office) survey，about 300 people died of the disease.
【答案】4．electricity 5．official
五、短语填空
pick up，come up with，make the best of，cut back on，play a role in，work through，not be bothered to，do my part for
1．No one can ___________ a solution to the problem.
没有人能想出解决这个问题的办法。
【答案】1．come up with
2．I must ___________ repaying my parents’ expectations and support.
我必须为回报父母的期望和支持尽我的一份力量。
3．We firmly believe that we can ___________ protecting wild animals.
我们坚信我们可以在保护野生动物方面发挥作用。
【答案】2．do my part for 3．play a role in
4．If you can ___________ listen to my advice，you will be in trouble.
如果你懒得听我的劝告，你会有麻烦的。
5．They hope to ___________ working hours even if they earn less money.
他们希望减少工作时间，即使他们挣的钱更少。
【答案】4．not be bothered to 5．cut back on (共65张PPT)
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
Period Four Lesson 3
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意
A．消失，不见 B．小径，小道 C．跟踪
D．目的地；终点
1．They followed the path until they came to a gate. ( )
2．We continued tracking the plane on our radar. ( )
3．We arrived at our destination tired and hungry. ( )
4．The sun disappeared behind a cloud. ( )
【答案】1－4 BCDA
Ⅱ．猜短语填空
pedal one’s way, thanks to, come up with
1．I hope you can figure out a better plan.
＝I hope you can _________________ a better plan.
2．As the two people rode their bikes down the road, the sun set slowly behind the mountains.
＝As the two people _________________ down the road, the sun set slowly behind the mountains.
【答案】1．come up with 2．pedalled their way
3．We won the game because of a lot of hard work from everyone in the team.
＝We won the game _________________ a lot of hard work from everyone in the team.
【答案】3．thanks to
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ．表格填写
A brief introduction about “the City of Bicycles” Amsterdam is flat and 1._______ for bikes.
There are plenty of places for bicycle parking and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle 2._______.
38% trips in Amsterdam are made 3._______ bike.
【答案】1．convenient 2．path 3．by
In the 1960s A ground of cycling fans came up with the idea of “white bikes”.
Anyone was 4._______ to take bikes and use them for short journeys.
Problems came up and all bikes 5._______ in a matter of weeks.
【答案】4．allowed 5．disappeared
In 1999 The “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam 6._______ a computer tracking system to record their every move!
A person had to put in a special 7._______ to take a bicycle.
The bikes must be parked at special parking places.
【答案】6．with 7．card
8._______ The idea of “white bikes” has 9._______ all over the world. It has become a global trend.
In China，more and more cities have their own “white bikes”. Bike-sharing is an easy and cheap way to save 10._______ .
【答案】8．Now/Nowadays 9．spread 10．energy
Ⅱ．阅读理解
( )1．Why is Amsterdam a good city for cycling？
A．Because the city has much more bikes.
B．Because the city is flat and convenient for bikes.
C．Because the people there focus on physical exercise.
D．Because the people there live a simple and easy life.
【答案】B
( )2．The idea of “white bikes” comes from ______.
A．government officials
B．a group of cycling fans
C．a pop band
D．some visitors from abroad
【答案】B
( )3．What problem came up about “white bikes”？
A．They took up too much space.
B．Repairing them cost much.
C．They were stolen in a matter of weeks.
D．They caused heavy traffic jams.
【答案】C
( )4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards bike-sharing？
A．Supportive. B．Disapproving.
C．Indifferent. D．Critical.
【答案】A
( )5．What’s the best title for the passage？
A．Amsterdam，“the City of Bicycles”
B．People’s Happy Life in Amsterdam
C．Living in the City of Amsterdam
D．The History and Development of Amsterdam
【答案】A
Ⅲ．判断正误
( )1．The idea of “white bikes” were introduced about 50 years ago.
( )2．With the increasing number of bikes，Amsterdam hasn’t enough places for bicycle parking.
【答案】1－2 TF
( )3．Amsterdam is called “the City of Bicycle” because there are so many cyclists and bikes.
( )4．“White bikes” are referred to bikes painted in white and they are used free in the beginning.
( )5．Nowadays bike-sharing has become a popular trend in many countries.
【答案】3－5 TTT
Ⅳ．匹配段落大意
( )1．Para. 1 A．The idea of “white bikes” spreads all over the world.
( )2．Para. 2 B. “The City of bicycles”－Amsterdam.
( )3．Paras: 3－4 C. The introduction of “white bikes”.
( )4．Paras: 5－6 D. “White bikes” returned to Amsterdam.
【答案】1－4 BCDA
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
People in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of 1.______ (cycle) for years. Because there are so many bikes and cyclists in the city，it 2.______ (call)“the City of Bicycles”. There are plenty of places for bicycle parking and almost all the streets in the city centre have a bicycle path, 3.______ is very convenient for cyclists.
【答案】1．cycling 2．is called 3．which
The idea of “white bikes” came up in 4.______ 1960s by a group of cycling fans. Anyone was allowed to take them and use them for short 5.______ (journey). However，the bikes were all stolen in a matter of weeks.
【答案】4．the 5．journeys
In 1999，the “white bikes” 6.______ (return)to Amsterdam with a computer tracking system 7.______ (record)their every move! Thanks 8.______ the ideas and efforts of many people，now the idea of bike-sharing has 9.______ (complete) spread all over the world. In China，more and more cities have 10.______ (they) own “white bikes”. As a cheap and easy means of transport，more and more people like to ride them to work.
【答案】6．returned 7．to record 8．to 9．completely 10．their
课堂新知讲练
1．benefit n．益处，好处 vt. 有益于，对……有益
(P36)People in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for years.
【翻译】阿姆斯特丹的人们多年来一直享受着骑自行车(所带来)的好处。
◇词汇拓讲
①benefit vt. 有益于，对……有益
benefit from/by… 从……中受益；得益于……
benefit sb 对某人有益
②benefit n．益处；好处
be of (much/great) benefit to sb
＝be (very) beneficial to sb 对某人(非常)有益处
for the benefit of… 为了……的利益
③beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的
be beneficial to…对……有益
【用法详解】
The company benefited from selling a new product.
这家公司从销售新的产品中受益。
The money is to be used for the benefit of the poor.
这笔钱将用来为穷人谋福利。
I got a lot of benefit from learning a foreign language.
学习外语让我获益匪浅。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He will benefit ______ the new way of doing business.
(2)Eating fish overall is greatly ______ (benefit) to your health，especially to your brain.
【答案】(1)from/by (2)beneficial
完成句子
(3)Plenty of exercise every day is ______ ______ ______ ______ our health.
每天做些适量运动对我们的健康很有好处。
【答案】(3)of great benefit to
句型转换
(4)The new credit cards will be of great benefit to our customers.
→The new credit cards will ______ ______ to our customers.
【答案】(4)be beneficial
2．come up with 想出；想到
(P36)In the 1960s，a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.
【翻译】20世纪60年代一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。
【用法详解】
come about发生；产生
come across遇见；偶然发现；被理解
come out出来，出现；发芽；开花；出版
come off脱落；从……离开；成功
come to总计；谈到；涉及；苏醒
come down传递，传给；减价
come into开始进入；继承；获得
When it comes to…当涉及……时；谈到……
注意：come up其主语是物，表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”；come up with的主语是人或团体组织，表示“(某人)提出”。
The question came up at the meeting，that is to say，we came up with the question at the meeting.
这个问题在会议上被提出来了，也就是说，我们在会议上提出了这个问题。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)When reading articles related to science，we often come ______ difficult or unfamiliar words.
(2)House prices are coming ______ soon，so don't worry.
(3)Our class came up ______ the idea to make better use of used materials.
(4)The rain stopped and the sun came ______.
【答案】(1)across (2)down (3)with (4)out
完成句子
(5)It is certain that the question will ______ ______ at the conference.
这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。
【答案】(5)come up
3．disappear vi. 消失，不见
(P37)Soon after，however，problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared－thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks!
【翻译】然而，不久之后，问题出现了，白色的自行车都不见了——小偷在几周内就把它们偷走了。
disappear vi. 消失；不见 disappear into 消失在……中
disappear from 从……消失
disappear behind 消失在……后面
appear vi. 出现 appear (to be) 看起来好像……
【用法详解】
They watched the bus disappear into the distance.
他们看着公共汽车消失在远方。
appearance n. 出现；外貌 physical appearance 外貌；外表
disappearance n. 消失；不见 disappearance from 从……消失
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)His ______ (disappear) has been the subject of intensive investigation.
(2)When winter arrives, many animals stop being active and disappear ______ sight.
(3)They appeared not ______ (know) what was happening.
【答案】(1)disappearance (2)from (3)to know
4．thanks to 由于，幸亏
(P37)Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people…
【翻译】由于这个提议以及众多人的努力……
【用法详解】
①thanks for 多亏；感谢
②“由于，因为”的表达法还有：due to; as a result of; because of; owing to; on account of等。
The accident was due to his careless driving.
事故是由于他的粗心驾驶造成的。
Owing to your timely help，we finished the work ahead of time.
由于你及时的帮助，我们提前完成了工作。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)It was ______ ______ your timely help that we could solve the problem.
多亏了你的及时帮助，我们才能够解决了这个问题。
【答案】(1)thanks to/due to/owing to
(2) ______ ______ ______ ______ his historic flight, he became an international hero and legend.
由于他这次历史性的飞行，他成了一个国际英雄和传奇。
(3)______ ______ the help from his comrades，he has made rapid progress.
由于同志们的帮助，他进步很快。
【答案】(2)As a result of (3)Owing to/Thanks to/Due to
(P37)In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam－this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!
【翻译】在1999年，“白色自行车”重新回到阿姆斯特丹——这一次是用电脑跟踪系统来记录它们的一举一动！
【考点提炼】
“with a computer tracking system”是with的复合结构。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)“with＋宾语(名词或代词)＋非谓语动词/介词/形容词/副词等”构成的复合结构在句中常作状语，表示方式、原因、条件等。
(2)with复合结构中非谓语动词(doing/done/to do)的选择：当宾语与后面的动词为动宾关系时，用动词-ed形式；当构成主动关系时，用动词-ing形式；表示即将发生或未发生时，用动词不定式。
(3)with的复合结构与as引导的时间状语从句的区分：with的复合结构中，with后需要加非谓语动词，其中with为介词；as引导时间状语从句时，其后需要加句子，即as后需要加的是谓语动词。
With time going by，he realised that he had made a big mistake.
＝As time went by，he realised that he had made a big mistake.
随着时间的推移，他意识到犯了个大错误。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)With the old man ______ (lead) the way，we started towards the destination.
(2)He left the classroom with all the windows ______ (close).
(3)He was sitting in a chair with his hands ______ (fold).
(4)With nothing ______ (do), I went out for a walk.
【答案】(1)leading (2)closed (3)folded (4)to do
完成句子
(5)The boy stood there ______ ______ ______ ______.
这个男孩低头站在那里。
(6)With no one ______ ______ ______, John felt bored.
由于没有可以说话的人，约翰感到很无聊。
(7)I sat in my room for a few minutes ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the ceiling.
我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。
【答案】(5)with his head down (6)to talk to (7)with my eyes fixed on
语 言 时 空
英语是一门多词性的语言，词性的转换千变万化，丰富多彩。随着语言的发展，名词与动词间的词性转换变得非常常见，这样能够使得英语的运用更加简明、生动且富于幽默感。英语中名词和动词之间词性转换有几种常见的情况。
?名词与动词之间的词类活用
1．表示动植物的名词活用为动词。
The dog treed the cat.
狗把猫赶到了树上。(tree n. 树→vt. 把……赶上树)
The farmers are busy weeding under the scorching sun.
农民们在忙着在烈日下除草。(weed n. 杂草→vi. 除草)
Misfortune dogged his steps，which made him frustrated.
灾难紧跟着他不放(接踵而来)，这使他感到沮丧。(dog n. 狗→v. 尾随；跟踪；紧跟着)
2．表示食品的名词活用为动词。
He was sandwiched between two fat men on the bus.
在汽车上他被夹在两个肥胖的人中间。(sandwich n. 三明治→v. 夹入；挤入)
She flushed(脸红)as she stood at the front hall with her shoes caked with mud.
当她站在前厅时，因为鞋子上沾满了泥泞而脸红了。(cake n. 蛋糕→v. 沾满了……)
When brought out，the murderer was egged and tomatoed by angry people.
当杀人犯被带出来的时候，愤怒的群众纷纷用鸡蛋、西红柿投他。(egg and tomato n. 鸡蛋和西红柿→v. 用鸡蛋西红柿投……)
3．表示人体各个部位的名词几乎都可以转换为动词。
We must learn to face reality.
我们必须学会面对现实。(face n. 脸；面部→v. 面对)
The little dog nosed the door open and entered the room quietly.
这条小狗拱开门，悄悄地进了房间。(nose n. 鼻子→v. 用鼻子拱开)
Who will shoulder the responsibility？
谁将会承担责任？(shoulder n. 肩膀→v. 承担)
请写出黑体词作为名词的含义，并根据句子语境猜测其在句中的具体含义。
1．“You must hand in your homework tomorrow，” the teacher said. ______ ______
2．My mother is spooning sugar from the packet into a bowl. ______ ______
【答案】1．手；上交 2．勺子；用勺子舀
?追踪练习
3．Don’t baby him，please! He is no longer a child now. ______ ______
4．Where will all the athletes be housed during the Olympic Games？A special building will be built. ______ ______
5．—Will Mary chair the meeting to be held tomorrow？______ ______
—Of course，she is the director now!
【答案】3．婴儿；溺爱，宠爱 4．房子；住宿 5．椅子；主持
6．Mary saw a woman eyeing her up and down，she felt very uncomfortable. ______ ______
7．He’s always bossing his wife about，which made his wife very angry. ______ ______
8．The escaped prisoner was finally cornered and then put into prison again. ______ ______
【答案】6．眼睛；上下打量，盯着看 7．老板；指挥，呼来唤去 8．拐角；将……逼到角落
随堂知能小练
一、单词拼写
1．The developer ______ (受益) from focusing on first-tier cities，including Beijing and Shanghai，where demand remained strong.
2．The bus stop around the corner is probably the most ______ (方便的).
【答案】1．benefited 2．convenient
3．Many beautiful fish are fast ______ (消失) because of the severe pollution.
4．It’s unknown just how many accidents were caused by the ______ (踏板) problem.
5．Overweight and obesity ______ (增加) the risk of heart disease and cancer.
【答案】3．disappearing 4．pedal 5．increase
6．Experiments show that this ______ (跟踪) system is reliable and stable.
7．The helicopter was specially used to ______ (运输) the wounded.
8．The other day we got to the supermarket，we had a lot of difficulty in finding a ______ (停车) place.
【答案】6．tracking 7．transport 8．parking
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
Last week, we 1.______ (conduct) a survey on what measures high school students take to live a green life. Here are the 2.______ (result).
【答案】1．conducted 2．results
65% of the students lead a green lifestyle by walking, cycling or taking public transportation. 40% of them recycle waste in an 3.______ (act) manner. The number of students saving electricity and water 4.______ (account) for 35%. However, only 16% of the students choose 5.______ (buy) eco-friendly products. One possible reason is that the products are expensive. Also, 8% of the students take other measures, like 6.______ (use) reusable drinking cups.
【答案】3．active 4．accounts 5．to buy 6．using
In my opinion, living a green life is 7.______ (easy) said than done, but one small step at a time can make a big 8.______ (different).
【答案】7．easier 8．difference
三、完成句子
1．I hope what I have written will ______ ______ ______ ______ someone else who may feel the same way.
我希望我所写的内容能对其他和我有同感的人有所裨益。
【答案】1．be of benefit to
2．______ ______ your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
多亏了你们的帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
3．The technicians and workers have ______ ______ ______ new methods to increase production.
技术员和工人都提出了增加产量的新方法。
【答案】2．Thanks to 3．come up with
4．She lives just by the supermarket, so ______ ______ ______ ______ to buy things.
她就住在超市旁边，所以买东西很方便。
5．______ ______ ______, we will go to the cinema.
时间允许的话，我们将会去电影院。
【答案】4．it is very easy/convenient 5．With time permitting
