牛津译林版（2019）必修第二册Unit 1 Lights, Camera, Action! Grammar and usage 主谓一致课件(共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
主谓一致
什么是主谓一致？
She is a teacher.
They are students.
主
主
谓
谓
单
单
复
复
主谓一致指的是谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
1. I a teacher. (be)
2. He good at swimming. (be)
3. You late for school again.(be)
4. They many new books. (have)
5. She two sisters.(have)
am
is
are
have
has
主谓一致的三大原则
语法一致
意义一致
就近原则
语法一致
语法一致
She is a teacher.
主语单数，谓语单数
They are students.
主语复数，谓语复数
语法一致指的是，谓语动词的单复数随主语的单复数变化而变化，
主语单数，谓语单数；主语复数，谓语复数。
用法1：
She_____(be)my friend.
Knowledge_____(be)power.
They______(be)my friends.
Students_____(be)playing on the playground.
is
is
are
are
单数名词
不可数名词
复数名词
复数名词
当主语为不可数名词或单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。
当主语为复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。
用法2：
Swimming______(be)good for health.
To see______(be)to believe.
Whether we’ll go________ (depend) on the weather.
is
is
depends
当主语是动名词，不定式或从句时，谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致中，两个疑问句并列，如果指两件事，谓语用复数。如果指同一件事，则用单数。
When they will come and where we should go _____（is/are）still unkown.
When and where to hold the party ________(has/have）not been decided yet.
are
has
Both John and Lucy_______(like) watching films.
用法3：
like
当both...and...或and连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数。
John and Lucy_______(be) interested in movies.
are
用法4：
The singer and dancer_______(be)my classmate.
The singer and the dancer_______(be)my classmates.
is
are
当and连接的两个主语有一个定冠词修饰，指的是同一人，谓语动词用单数。
当and连接的两个主语有两个定冠词修饰，指的是两个人，谓语动词用复数。
用法5：
Nobody _______(care)about him.
Something _______(be)wrong with my computer.
Someone _______(be)waiting for you.
cares
is
is
不定代词
somebody、 someone、 something、 anybody、 anything、 everyone、 everything、 nobody、 no one、 nothing等复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
each/either/neither/one等＋of＋名词/代词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.
Each of us _____(have) a tape-recorder.
Neither of them_____(be) my friends.
has
is
用法6：
量词如pair, glass, piece, cup等，量词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数，量词是单数，谓语动词用单数；量词是复数，谓语用复数。
This pair of socks_______(be) red.
The two pairs of scissors_____(be)made in Tianjin.
is
are
用法7：
percent/half/most/part/the rest/a lot/lots/ some/plenty等＋of＋名词或代词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与of后的词保持一致
About 70 percent of the earth's surface______(be) covered by water.
Most of my students________(be) boys.
Half of her money______(be) spent on books.
is
are
is
用法8：
用法9：
A number of students_______(be)planting trees on the hill.
The number of the students in our class________(be) 60.
are
is
a number of...“许多”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
the number of...“...的数量”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
用法10：
He is one of the teachers who_____(have)been praised.
他是受到表扬的老师中的一个。
He is the only one of the teachers who____(have)been praised.
他是这些老师中唯一受到表扬的。
have
has
在“one of＋复数名词＋定语从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用复数；
如果one前面有the only/very等修饰时，则用单数形式
用法11：
Mike, as well as his brothers,_______(enjoy)playing the guitar.
迈克像他的哥哥们一样喜欢弹吉他。
All the students but Tom_____(be) playing games outside.
除了汤姆，所有的学生都在外面玩游戏。
He,together with his friends,_______(be)going to visit the Great Wall.
他和他的朋友都打算去参观长城。
enjoys
are
is
远
近
主语中心词后有with、 together with、 along with、 as well as、 except、 but 等修饰语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的中心词保持一致，“就远原则”
练习题
【例1】　From our physics teacher, we have learned that light ________ faster than sound.
A. travel B. travels C. is travelling D. travelled
【分析】　。light作“光、光线”讲时，是一个不可数名词，因此谓语动词应该用单数形式。
B
练习题
【例2】The teacher and writer ________ looking forward to the culture festival.
A. be B. are C. to be D. is
【分析】　由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有一个定冠词修饰，则指的是同一人，谓语动词应用单数形式。
D
练习题
【例3】Tom as well as his parents known the good news.
A. has B. have C. / D. is
【解析】 as well as引导并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就远原则”。Tom三单，所以用has单数。
A
二：
意义一致
His family _____(be)a big one.
他的家族很大。
(表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数)
His family_____(be) all music lovers.
他们全家都是音乐爱好者。
(强调每一个成员，谓语动词用复数)
is
are
意义一致指的是，无论主语是单数还是复数，若表示单数概念，谓语用单数，如表示复数概念，谓语用复数。
用法1：
The whole class_______(be) listening to the teacher attentively.
全班同学正在认真地听老师讲课。
The class______(be) made up of 50 students.
这个班级由50个学生组成。
are
is
集合名词class、 family、 group、 team等作主语时，
如表示一个整体，谓语单数；如表示成员。谓语复数。
用法2：
:
Chinese people______(be)very friendly.
中国人民非常友好。
The police______(be)looking into the case.
警察正在调查这件案子。
are
are
集合名词people、 police、 cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
用法3：
Maths_______(be) my favorite subject.
物理是我最喜欢的科目。
The United States______(be)a developed country.
美国是个发达国家。
is
is
以-s结尾的名词，如news，maths, physics, the United States表示学科，国家，河流，报刊，电影等作主语，谓语动词用单数。
用法4：
Three months _____ a long holiday.
两个月是一个长假。
Four million________(mean) a lot to him.
4百万对他来说意义很大。
is
means
表示时间、金钱、距离、数目、长度等作主语，
表示一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数。
练习题
　【例1】　The police ________ determined to bring back the missing boy when his family ________ almost given up all hope.
A. is; has B. are; have C. are; has D. is; have
【分析】　集体名词people、 police、 cattle 等形单意复，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，因此排除A和D。根据句意，这里的family强调的是家庭中的每一个成员，因此，谓语动词用复数形式。
B
练习题
【例2】The whole class the teacher carefully.
A. is listening B. are listening to
C. is listening to D. are listening
【解析】　根据句意可知，在此句中，class强调班级里面的每一位学生，谓语动词应用复数形式，故排除A和C。listen是一个不及物动词，如后要跟宾语，须加to。
B
三：
就近一致
Either you or I ______(be)going there tomorrow.
Not only the students but also the teacher____(be)invited.
am
is
近
远
“就近原则”是指当句子中有若干个并列主语出现时，
谓语动词的单复数形式由邻近它的主语决定。
用法1：
Either he or you ______(be)going there tomorrow.
Not only Jim but also his classmates______(like) English.
Neither I nor my sister______(be) going to the Disneyland.
either...or...、 neither...nor...、 not only...but also...遵循就近原则
are
like
is
用法2：
There_____(be) some flowers and
a coffee cup on the table.
There_____(be) a coffee cup and
some flowers on the table.
are
is
there be就近原则
练习题
【例1】　There ________ a football match and two basketball matches today.
A. has B. is C. are D. be
【分析】　在There be句型中，谓语动词通常与邻近的主语保持一致，题目中与其邻近的主语是a football match，因此谓语动词用单数，排除C和D，且There be 句式中be不能换成have 或has，故排除A。
B
练习题
Either my sister or I to clean the bedroom.
A. is B. are C. am D. to be
【解析】either...or...连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”。
C
11. One sheep ____ enough.(is/are)
12. Ten sheep ____ missing. (is/are)
13. The beautiful _____(give) pleasures to all of us.
14. My family ___ not large(is/are)
15. My family ___ watching TV. (is/are)
16. Tom is one of the students who ____ good at playing football.(is/are)
17. Tom is the only one of the students who ____ good at playing football.(is/are)
18. Listening, speaking, reading and writing ____four skills for English study. (is/are)
is
are
are
gives
is
are
are
is
19.Many a boy ______ made such a funny experiment.(has/have)
20. No teacher and no student _______ to have classes on Sunday. (agree/agrees)
21, 70 percent of the farmers ____ improved their living conditions. (have/has)
22. Each man and woman ______ the same rights.（has/have）
23. To say ___ one thing; to do ___ another. (is/are)
24. Halloween is a day which ____ (is/are)also called the eve of All Saints' Day.
25. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _____still the problems to settle. (is/are)
26. A number of the students____ gone for an outing. (is/ are)
has
agrees
have
has
is
is
is
are
are
27.The number of the students_____ increasing year after year. (is/are)
28. Nobody but Jane _____________the secret.( have known /has known)
29.Choosing what to eat ___ no longer as easy as it once was.(is/are)
30. She is one of these women who _____the violin well.(paly/plays)
31. She is the one of these women who ______the violin well. (paly/plays)
32. Where to find him and how to find him _____unknown to us. (is/are)
is
has known
is
play
plays
are
33.To learn one or two foreign languages _____ (be) very important nowadays.
34. The rich_______ (be)for the plan, while the poor _____(be) against It.
35. While running regularly can not make you live forever, the review says it _____(be)more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. （2018 全国卷）
are
are
is
is
THANKS