贵州省部分市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

贵州省部分市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
贵州省贵阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末监测英语试卷（含解析）
第一节阅读下面短文, 从21-32小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能完成所给 句子或回答所提问题的最佳选项, 并在答题卡内将相应的大写字母涂黑。
A
Dear Guests,
Welcome to Park Plaza Nottingham. Our number one priority will always be the safety and wellbeing of our guests and team.
Go digital!
Our online check-in and check-out are fast and easy. Use your smartphone as your digital key and head straight to your room, message us with any requests 24/7, and order food online with the comfort of your room. Check your stay with our contactless services — simply scan the OR code (二维码) at the bottom of the letter or visit qr./n.
Housekeeping Service.
For your comfort and safety and to reduce contact points, guests staying for more than one night will only have their rooms cleaned every three days. We have placed extra facilities (设施) in your room for your convenience. If you wish to have your room cleaned more often or require towels, please do let us know.
Food &Drinks.
Buffet breakfast is available in Chino Latino. Served from 6:30 a. m. until 10:30 a. m. Monday to Friday and 7:00 a.m. until 11:00 a. m. on Saturday and Sunday.
Chino Latino Restaurant is open Thursday — Saturday from 3:00 p. m. until late.
Chino Latino Bar is open Sunday — Wednesday from 3:00 p. m. until 10. 30 p. m. and Thursday — Saturday from 3:00 p. m. until late.
Gym.
The onsite Gym is located on the 1lth floor. In order to get the gym facilities, you will need to collect a key from the reception desk (前台). Please note that the maximum capacity of our gym is two people at any given time.
If you wish to speak to us, we are available 24/7. Please message us using the QR code below or dial the reception on your in-room phone.
Best regards,
Park Plaza Nottingham
1. What does “Go digital!” refer to in Paragraph 2
A. The hotel sells smartphones. B. All the keys can be ordered.
C. Various things can be done online. D. Guests can have comfortable rooms.
2. What will happen if guests live in the hotel for two nights
A. The room will be cleaned every two days.
B. The room will not be cleaned during the stay.
C. The hotel will offer extra contact points.
D. The hotel will send you to the 11th floor.
3. Which time is available for your breakfast on Wednesday
A. 6:00 a. m. B. 10:00 a. m. C. 10:40 a. m. D. 11:00 a. m.
4. Where can you probably find this passage
A. In the shop. B. In the office. C. In the hospital. D. In the hotel.
B
As a boy, John Kerr wanted to be a fireman or a park ranger (公园管理员). Looking back on that childhood dream, he says, “This is exactly what I was longing for.”
Instead after graduation, he spent four decades at WGBH in Boston, one of the public broadcasting stations. He retired in 2005 at the age of 65 without any particular post-career goal in mind. After several aimless weeks, he decided to drive his camper to visit family in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.
During the trip, he stopped at the Yellowstone Park Foundation, which raises funds for Yellowstone, America’s first national park. As it happened, the foundation was hiring people to educate park guests on wolves. Later, Kerr signed up for the position as an intern (实习生) .
Kerr stood out in the intern crowd — most of them were college and even high school students. But, in a sense, he had been prepared for this since his youth. His outdoor adventures with his grandfather had given him a love to nature, and as an adult, he had helped out at the local fire department on medical calls.
From his internship, he moved up to ranger, educating park visitors, ensuring safe encounters between guests and animals, and responding to medical emergencies (紧急情况). He values his stewardship (管理工作) of what he describes as one of the most beautiful places on Earth, and appreciates the moments when he treats a visitor to an up-close look at one of the park’s wolves or bears through his telescope.
“These are rich and all-too-rare moments,” recalls Kerr. “I never forget them.”
5. Why did Kerr go to Wyoming
A. To find a job. B. To visit family.
C. To join an internship. D. To become a volunteer.
6. What can we learn about Kerr according to Paragraph 4
A. He suited the job quite well. B. He was born to love nature.
C. He put out the fire alone. D. He was the only adult intern.
7. What are the duties of Kerr as a park ranger
A. Helping visitors and feeding animals.
B. Training interns and raising money.
C. Handling emergencies and ensuring safety.
D. Putting out fires and repairing telescopes.
8. What is Ker’s attitude towards his stewardship
A. Worried. B. Ashamed. C. Positive. D. Regretful.
C
Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed to protet eyes from the effects of short-wavelength light from our smartphones, computer screens and LED lights. Considering how much time we spend on our phones, we may think such glasses are smart choices, right After all, eye strain is a real issue and can lead to poor sleep and even macular degeneration. The glasses can cost SIS all the way up to several hundred dollars. But do they work
Elizabeth Esparaz, an ophthalmologist based in Cleveland, Ohio, says the information that companies share as they recommend these glasses can be confusing. For starters, blue light is not just about tech devices, and it’s not always bad. “The sun produces a much higher intensity of blue light than human-made devices, of course, and it’s actually beneficial,” says Dr. Esparaz. It helps our mood and sleep-wake cycle. However, the problem is blue light at night:it affects the release of melatonin. “Melatonin helps adjust our living paces and makes us sleepy,” says Dr. Esparaz.
So, in theory, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses should help people who watch movies in bed or read from an iPad at night to avoid sleeplessness. A 2021 review study found that people affected by sleep disorders fell asleep faster after using these glasses.
As for eye strain, a 2021 Australian study showed that those wearing the glasses experience similar eye strain to those using clear glasses. And a 2018 review study, also by Australian researchers, found that wearing blue-light-blocking glasses failed to prevent macular degeneration.
But Dr. Esparaz says, “These glasses aren’t going to be harmful. ”
9. What is the function of Paragraph 1
A. To lead in the topic. B. To offer an example.
C. To give people suggestions. D. To present the main idea.
10. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. The sun. B. The melatonin. C. The device. D. The blue light.
11. Wearing blue-light-blocking glasses is useful when people .
A. watch movies in the cinema B. suffer from eyestrain seriously
C have sleep problems at night D. use iPad to work in the daytime
12. What can be the best title for this passage
A. A Way to Protect our Eyes B. A Solution to Sleep Disorders
C. Why Blue-light-blocking Glasses Important D. Blue-light-blocking Glasses, to Buy or not to Buy
贵州省安顺市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含解析）
第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
ALL CHINA TOURS
From the former Imperial capital of Beijing to the cosmopolitan(世界性的)streets of Shanghai, to the brilliant Yangtze, touring in China has so much to offer and so many sights and sites to enjoy.
China Tibet Discovery Tour
The 13 days China Tibet tour is a pleasant journey full of discovery, cultural experience and sightseeing. Your discovery starts from the great cities Beijing and Xi’an with profound(深远的)history and culture and extends to the mysterious Tibet plateau for the dramatic landscape and minority culture; stops one day at Chengdu for the universal-loved giant pandas.
China Highlights Tour
Take the kids to China when they are out of school! This specific-designed 13 days China tour is based on the interest of the families especially the children’s. From the amazing Great Wall, you will head to the biking tours on the ancient city wall, look at the magical terra cotta army; then cycle through the countryside of Yangshuo and learn Chinese painting, finally with excitement in Disneyland Hong Kong before flying home. All the fun and educational activities will give the kids life-time memory.
Guizhou Miao and Dong Tribes Adventure Tour
8 days Miao and Dong tribes adventure tour showcases Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture(自治州)-the Southeast Guizhou. It is the top choices for travelers who are interested in ethnic minority’s culture. Spend several days with local people to see their original life style, embroidery(刺绣)dress and shiny silver accessory(配饰).
Hangzhou Tour
This 5-day tour will full y embrace Hangzhou which is now in the spotlight as the main host of the 19th Asian Games. It is one of the seven ancient capitals of China. The Hangzhou government also offers free public bikes for tourists to travel around the West Lake. The parks around the lake are all free to visit. You can see The Xixi Wetland Park, Leifeng Pagoda, etc. And there’s a lot to be discovered!
1. Which tour is family friendly
A. China Tibet Discovery Tour
B. China Highlights Tour
C. Guizhou Miao and Dong Tribes Adventure Tour
D. Hangzhou Tour
2. What do we know about the Guizhou tour
A. Educational activities will teach kids embroidery.
B. Home-stay hotel offer chances to experience the original lives.
C. The week-long tour can take travelers close to nature.
D. Tourists can enjoy national costume in Guizhou.
3. What benefit is provided for tourists visiting the West Lake
A. Free bike rentals. B. Discounted tickets.
C. Convenient location. D. Paid tourist guides.
B
One should eat like a king in the morning, a prince at noon, and a peasant at night. This saying is all about the importance of breakfast. And now scientists can tell us just why it’s so important. According to a study carried out at Imperial College London, UK, not having the first meal of the day not only means you eat more at lunch, but also that your brain wants to find more unhealthy foods.
The study suggests that there is a special part of our brain called the cortex(大脑皮层), which plays an important part in making choices about what we eat. It is used for making out the taste of food, especially when skipping breakfast. It is more likely to target high-calorie foods when you’re on an empty stomach.
Scientists did an experiment on this. Dr Tony Goldman from Imperial College London, scanned the brains of 21 men and women, around the age of 25. On the first day, these people skipped breakfast before the scans. On the second day, they had cereal(谷物), bread and jam as breakfast. After the scan on both days, they had their lunch.
When the volunteers had skipped breakfast, they ate about 20 percent more at lunch, compared with days when they had eaten breakfast. Their brain scans also showed the cortex was especially responsive(反应积极的)to high-calorie foods. “We believe that identifies the value of foods-how pleasant, how delicious something is,” Goldman added.
4. Which statement could be true according to Paragraph 1
A. It’s a shortcut to lose weight without breakfast.
B. Scientists have found out why eating breakfast is important.
C. It’s unnecessary to have good food for supper.
D. Eating more breakfast makes you become smarter.
5. Which is the correct order of the experiment on the first day
①The volunteers skipped breakfast.
②The volunteers had lunch.
③The volunteers had a brain scan.
A. ①③② B. ③②① C. ③①② D. ①②③
6. The underlined word “skipping”(Paragraph 2)can be replaced by ________.
A. devoting B. ignoring
C. hesitating D. delivering
7. Which meal is the most important of a day in the opinion of Goldman
A. Lunch B. Brunch
C. Breakfast D. Supper
C
When thinking about placing a human being in space, one of the most important questions is how to design special clothing needed to protect a person from the dangers of the space environment. The cold of space will freeze skin in a short time. The heat of the sun can cause serious burns. The lack of atmosphere can cause gases in space to expand and even burst. With no oxygen to breathe, a human being will die in only a few moments. Radiation from the sun is another risk in space. So is damage from small pieces of rock and objects like meteoroids(陨石).
In 1933, an American flyer, Wiley Post, designed the first successful devices to protect a pilot at extreme heights. It was a large device, that looked like a can surrounding the pilot’s head. Astronauts in the American space agency(NASA)flew the first American space flights in the early 1960s. The clothing was similar to that invented by Wiley Post.
Today, astronauts wear very different protective clothing. It lets them move, do useful tasks, and stay outside their spacecraft in comfort and safety for several hours. The spacesuit is called the shuttle extravehicular mobility unit or EMU. It was designed to last longer and to permit more movement than earlier spacesuits.
The EMU has a number of parts that an astronaut can link together by using only one hand, which makes it possible for each astronaut to select the parts that fit correctly.
Nowadays, NASA scientists are also considering the kind of spacesuits that would be needed for exploration on the planet Mars. Because of the gravity on Mars, spacesuits may have to be designed to be lighter than suits used in orbit or on the moon. The equipment may also have to protect astronaut s from dust carried in the winds on Mars. And, they must be easy to repair and keep clean during a longer flight to and from the red planet.
8. What does the underlined word “that”(Paragraph 2)refer to according to the passage
A. a device B. a fly C. a pilot D. a head
9. Which of the following does not belong to the dangers of space environment
A. Lack of oxygen B. The heat from the sun.
C. The specially designed clothing. D. Radiation from the sun.
10. Which statement is true based on this passage
A. Wiley Post designed the first protective clothing for astronauts.
B. EMU has many parts that can be linked together by using two hands.
C. Special spacesuits have been used for exploration of the planet Mars.
D. Astronauts in earlier spacesuits had difficulty in moving, doing useful tasks and so on.
11. The main topic of the passage might be ________.
A. Space exploration B. Astronauts’ flights
C. The Advantages of Spacesuits D. The Development of Spacesuits
D
Gary McKee ran 365 marathons in as many days to raise funds for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice at Home West Cumbria.
Gary McKee, 53, from Cleator Moor in Cumbria raised his arms in victory and was cheered by a crowd of supporters as he completed his 365th marathon of the year on New Year’s Eve. As of (截止) 4 pm on Saturday, he had raised more than 890,000 for the charities Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice at Home West Cumbria, just shy of (缺少) his 1 million fundraising target. The father of three has gone through 22 pairs of sports shoes and has run 9,563 miles in rain, snow and sunshine to raise money for the charities.
“The support has been amazing and it always is and the West Cumbrians get behind us, but cancer affects everybody so it isn’t just a West Cumbrian thing, it’s a national thing,” said Gary.” I just hope that people do get behind us and we do raise those million pounds.” Gary has not only raised money for two fantastic charities, but he has also sprinkled magic on the local community and brought people together to support him with the challenge.
Chris Young, 29, ran 90 marathons with Mr. McKee. “Gary has set a good example to me this year when I began running frequently with him and has given me both physical and mental resilience (适应力) that I don’t know if I would have ever discovered in myself in a million years. I know I don’t just speak for myself on that front as he has inspired not just me or the few, but the entire local community and beyond,” said Chris, “This challenge has raised a great amount of money for two fantastic charities, but the impact (影响) Gary has provided to the community and people around him is immeasurable. A lot of people’s lives will be much better off thanks to Gary’s efforts, mine included.”
12. What’s the purpose of Gary McKee running
A. To celebrate the New Year’s Eve.
B. To complete his 365th marathon challenge.
C. To meet his health target.
D. To raise money for charities.
13. How did the community react to what Gary McKee did
A. Locals showed support for him. B. The community was under a spell (中邪).
C. Some expressed concerns for him. D. They ran 9563 miles together.
14. What do we know from Chris’s words
A. McKee would share sporting skills and tricks to help Chris.
B. He was grateful for McKeevs encouraging impact.
C McKee’s challenge has attracted millions of people to join him.
D. Fundraising was brought to the community to improve people’s lives.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. McKee: Run for the Community. B. McKee: Be It Rain or Snow.
C. McKee: A Challenge Completed. D. McKee: Inspire All to Run.
贵州省六盘水市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含解析）
第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are many amazing trails (路线) around the world that allow us to get close to nature. We will introduce four of the best hiking trails in the world here.
The Inca Trail, Peru
The Inca Trail to Macchu Picchu is considered one of the greatest hikes in South America. The Inca Trail is a guided three-day trip in Peru. The views of snowy mountain tops, great rivers, and cloud forests there are unforgettable. It also offers a chance to learn the rich history of the Inca empire in Peru.
The Dingle Way, Ireland
If you want to experience the beauty of Ireland, the Dingle Way trail is a great choice.
This trail can be completed in about eight days. Starting in the town of Tralee, the path follows narrow roads and offers great views of Inch Strand, a beautiful sandy beach.
Monteverde Cloud Forest, Costa Rica
It is known for its wide variety of creatures, which will make you have the chance to see the unique birds, bats and bears up close with a six-day hike. The high cloud forest with amazing plants is the perfect place to explore the trail. It has a series of well-marked paths that are great for an easy walk.
Armenia & the Silk Road
Armenia is known for its beautiful natural landscapes, and the best way to explore them is on foot. The Armenia & the Silk Road trip is an eleven-day adventure that takes you through some of the country's most beautiful routes.
1. What can people experience along the Inca Trail
A. Great views and rich history.
B Narrow roads and a sandy beach.
C. Well-marked paths and an easy walk.
D. Various creatures and the high cloud forest.
2. What is special about Monteverde Cloud Forest
A. Different clouds. B. A pine forest.
C. Well-designed paths. D. Attractive animals and plants.
3. Which trip takes the longest time to complete
A. The Inca Trail. B. Armenia & the Silk Road.
C. The Dingle Way. D. Monteverde Cloud Forest.
B
Isabella was born in Liverpool, the UK. Several years ago, she opened a restaurant in London. Her restaurant is known for its delicious food and good service, making it one of the most popular restaurants in the area. She believes in honesty and runs her restaurant with it. She firmly believes that there are honest people everywhere.
One busy weekend, there were so many customers that she and the employees were very busy. Luckily, everything was going well. At noon, a young couple came and told a waiter that they’d like to be served quickly. After the fast but delightful meal, the couple gave their credit card over to pay the bill. They were told to pay 20. To their surprise, they could only pay in cash. Obviously, the couple became anxious. When they were about to say something, the waiter was asked to another table to take orders.
When the waiter came back to the table again, he found the couple had gone missing without paying for their food. Learning this, Isabella was quite angry. It was the first time that she had met this. She couldn’t understand their behaviour and even began to doubt her belief. However, Isabella still hoped that the couple would return. Nothing happened.
Ten days later, Isabella was surprised to receive a package. In the package were 30 and a box of chocolates, with a note saying, “We sincerely apologize for our leaving without paying for the food that day, because we didn’t have cash and had to catch the train. We sent the money and the gift to you, expecting your forgiveness!” Surprised but moved, Isabella smiled.
4. What kind of person is Isabella
A. Outgoing and polite. B. Brave and helpful.
C. Honest and successful. D. Kind and hardworking.
5. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. The waiter didn’t serve quickly.
B. The waiter forgot to take the order.
C. The couple paid the bill by credit card.
D. The couple may have difficulty paying in cash.
6 Why did Isabella doubt her belief
A. The couple lied to the waiter there.
B. Many people didn’t pay for their meals.
C. She thought the couple were dishonest.
D. The waiter was angry about the behaviour.
7 What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Isabella still held onto her belief.
B. The couple weren’t forgiven by Isabella.
C. Isabella was surprised to receive a package.
D. The couple apologized for their carelessness.
C
A lot is unknown about how babies begin to connect names with objects in their environments. A study by Indiana University researchers offered a fresh view on how babies get this in human development. Before they can speak, babies between the ages of 7 and 11 months have this ability.
To carry out their study, Smith and Clerkin made a list of objects and the heard names of objects as they appeared in babies’ daily lives. They then considered how these experiences influence babies’ memory (记忆) systems.
“When scientists think about how babies manage to learn words, they’ve traditionally focused on the development of babies’ learning abilities,” Smith said. “This is not wrong. But if you pay more attention to the babies’ learning environments, you see their learning tasks and abilities differently. We need to study these learning environments because that will tell us more about what children need to learn a word.”
A full understanding of the learning environments could make researchers and doctors develop useful methods to deal with children who are considered “late talkers”. The environments can be changed to help children who are learning a language more slowly than others.
“The idea is that over long periods of time, the memory for visual objects is being built up slowly in the brain,” Clerkin said. “When a word is spoken at a certain moment and the related memory is reactivated (激活) to the name, the babies can make a connection rapidly.”
8. What can nine-month-old babies do according to the text
A. Have short talks with their parents. B. Show some surprising body movements.
C. Match names with their familiar objects. D. Discover the differences between two objects.
9. What can we learn from what Smith said
A. Language skills are difficult to improve for babies.
B. Parents play a key role in children’s language learning.
C. Babies have special ways to adapt to a new environment.
D. Learning environments are important to early word learning.
10. What influence may this study have on “late talkers”
A. They may receive helpful treatment. B. They will learn how to make friends.
C. They will focus more on listening skills. D. They may get more attention from their parents.
11. What’s the best title of the passage
A. Proper Parenting Skills B. The Roots of Language
C. Babies’ Fast Physical Development D. A New View of Early Word Learning
D
Young children are always growing bigger than their shoes, which create s a lot of waste. However, a company, Woolybubs, came up with new shoes that don’t get thrown away when they no longer fit the owners; they get dissolved (溶解) instead.
Woolybubs was created by Megan and Jesse Milliken, once a shoe designer in a famous company, who are the parents of three young children. They know firsthand how much waste a family creates. Sure, clothing and shoes can be handed down to younger children but there comes a time when they end up in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). So JesseMilliken and his wife started talking about changing their lives and doing something to help the planet. Therefore, Milliken left the company where he worked. Then he and his wife began to focus on one of the most wasteful parts of the clothing market — shoes.
The new shoes are actually made of 100 percent silk that is coated with a special form of plastic called PVA that is used in lots of other products. The shoes are made to last long enough to be handed down to a second child. “It took us almost a year to develop this special material,” Milliken said. The baby shoes won’t dissolve if you handwash them, or if you get caught in the rain; they only decompose if they are boiled for 40 minutes. The liquid (液体) that remains after boiling is safe.
Woolybubs also has shoes that are made from other recycled materials. When these shoes wear out, they can be sent back to the company to be recycled. The company decided to continue searching for new ways to make its products greener .“We are always looking for new solutions to reduce the environmental influence on the planet,” Milliken said.
12. What is the advantage of the new shoes
A. They are environmentally friendly.
B. They can be cleaned easily by parents.
C. They are made out of different landfill waste.
D. They are beneficial to the development of children’s feet.
13. What drove Megan and Jesse Milliken to make the new shoes
A. The difficulty of selling the shoes.
B. The harm waste does to the Earth.
C. Their family’s losses caused by shoes.
D. Their wish to satisfy their children’s needs.
14. What does the underlined word “decompose” probably mean
A. Last long. B. Break down.
C. Come into use. D. Change the colors.
15. What does the last paragraph mainly focus on
A. A new topic for shoes.
B. Practical advice for shoppers.
C. Woolybubs’s environmental efforts.
D. High costs of Woolybubs’s new business.
贵州省铜仁市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含解析）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
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A Good personality. B. Enough experience.
C. Required age. D. Required height.
B
I was on one of my usual group bike rides on a quiet country road in Santa Barbara, riding with about 30 other road cyclists, when a car tried to change direction suddenly to avoid a runner. From what I’ve been told, the driver moved around us so fast that he lost country of his car and hit me.
I don’t remember any of this because I was thrown off my bike and directly into a tree. I had a serious brain bleed (出血) — despite the fact that I was wearing my helmet. I also broke a number of bones. Luckily, with good treatment I survived.
That accident happened four years ago. Because of my brain injury, I had to stay off my bike for a year because if I fell and again got my head hurt, it would be worse. To get back on my bike, I started running. I was still in a lot of pain, but I was determined. Nobody was going to hit me, change my life and then keep me from doing what I like at some point.
A year after my accident, I finally got back on my bike. But it had left an influence on me. If there are cars behind me, I will feel strained. However, I still ride.
Before my accident, I never raced. Now I’m faster than ever. One reason is that I have lost about 30 pounds. When I got hit, I weighed 205 pounds. After six weeks of being on a feeding tube (饲管), I walked out of the hospital at 175 pounds, and I’ve stayed around that number ever since. I also think I’m faster because my accident lifted my competitive spirit. Since my accident, I’ve loved bike racing.
At the end of the day, I wanted to prove to myself that I could get back to doing what I loved — and I did that.
4. What do we know about the accident
A. It led to the driver’s heavy bleeding. B. It caused several cyclists to hit trees.
C. It was worsened by the lack of a helmet. D. It resulted in serious injuries to the author.
5. Why did the author begin to run
A. To reduce his pain. B. To kill his leisure time.
C. To prepare for cycling. D. To develop his determination.
6. What does the underlined word “strained” mean in Paragraph 4
A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Curious. D. Relaxed.
7. What caused the author to lose 30 pounds
A. His competing in races. B. His staying at the hospital.
C. His being on a no-dinner diet for long. D. His running long distances every day.
C
How much do you love animals Maybe not as much as photographer Joel Sartore. He is traveling the world to take pictures of as many animals as he can find, which allows people to focus on the beauty and uniqueness of each animal.
Sartore is working to take photos of all 20,000 different types of animals living in the world’s zoos, aquariums (水族馆) and wildlife shelters. And he’s already taken nearly 15,000! He hopes his photos will raise awareness of these planet’s most endangered creatures, and that he can document them before they’re gone. “My job is to tell their stories and hope that the world cares in time,” he told The Weather Channel in 2022.
Sartore calls his project the Photo Ark, like the story of Noah’s Ark, in which a large boat is built to save every type of animal in the world from a flood. He founded the Photo Ark in 2006 in his hometown of Lincoln, Nebraska.
He doesn’t just take his animal photos in the usual zoo environment however — he puts each animal on a black or white background with studio lights. This helps him photograph their true colors, and lets people see a little mouse as clearly as a big elephant — and look each animal right in the eye. “When people connect to animals through eye contact, we’ve got a real chance at changing human behavior,” Sartore says.
The response has indeed been huge. Sartore has more than 1.6 million followers online and a best-selling series of Photo Ark books. He asks people to buy his books and photos, give money to the Photo Ark, and support zoos, aquariums and wildlife shelters near where they live.
8. According to the text, Sartore needs to take another ______ photos for his project.
A. 5,000 B. 10,000 C. 15,000 D. 20,000
9. What is the purpose of Sartore’s project
A. To make a living in this way. B. To help save animals in danger.
C. To meet his own interest in animals. D. To offer another way to learn about animals.
10. What can we know about Sartore’s photos of the animals
A. Some are black and white. B. They are about animals in danger.
C. They were taken in the natural habitat. D. Some were taken in designed environment.
11. What is people’s attitude towards Sartore’s project
A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Disappointed.
D
India has successfully landed a spacecraft on the moon. It’s the first time that a country has safely landed at the moon’s south pole. The landing is a huge success for India, which has been working on the project for years.
The Chandrayaan-3 was launched on 14 July 2023. In early August, the spacecraft began orbiting (环绕……运行) the moon. Then, the lander, called Vikram, made a successful “soft landing” at the moon’s south pole. Leader of the project, Sreedhara Somanath, announced, “India is on the moon.” Before this, only three other countries had ever made soft landings on the moon.
In 2019, an earlier Indian mission, Chandrayaan-2, ended when the lander crashed onto the lunar surface unexpectedly. But India learned from its mistakes. It made several changes to the lander to make it stronger and improve the computer programs that control it. Pragyan, the rover (探测器) that the lander carries, hasn’t changed since the Chandrayaan-2 mission.
All Indians were excited about the landing. Across the country, people gathered to watch and cheer for it. Now that India’s lander is safely on the moon, Vikram and Pragyan will start studying it. They have special tools to study the moon from different aspects (方面), including studying its temperature and materials. The machines are solar-powered, and are expected to work for about 14 days. After that, the sun will set at the south pole, and the machines will no longer have power.
One reason why the moon’s south pole is worth studying is that there exists ice. Learning more about this frozen water could help astronauts on future trips to the moon. India has many more plans for space, including sending Indian astronauts into space, and possibly even planning trips to other planets. The country has also worked hard to encourage private Indian companies to develop space programs.
12. How many countries have made soft landings on the moon so far
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
13. What do we know about the Chandrayaan-3
A. It landed in a creative way.
B. It got power from the moon.
C. It carried the same rover as Chandrayaan-2.
D. It made a mistake when landing on the moon.
14. Why did India study the moon’s south pole according to the text
A. To test the rover.
B. To study its special climate.
C To prepare for future moon landings.
D. To study the moon’s rich solar energy.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. India Learns from Failure of Chandrayaan-1
B. India Lands Its Spacecraft at Moon’s South Pole
C. India First Launches a Solar-Powered Lander
D. India Grows into the Leader in Space Exploration
贵州省遵义市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含解析）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Where to travel in February
Kangaroo Island, Australia
Unbelievably huge and being fortunate to have a surprising amount of coastline — 540km (335 miles) to be exact — this is where you may find you’ve owned an entire beach. Kangaroo Island invites guests to enjoy its unique local food, come across lovely Australian wildlife and discover some of the country’s best beaches. And the island is a total show-off during the Aussie summer months of January and February.
Mazatlán, Mexico
A Mexico visit in January or February means dry and relatively cooler days, providing some relief in wet coastal places. It’s also whale-watching season along the Pacific Coast. In Mazatlán, February is carnival time: the 2024 festival is the 126th celebration.
St Lucia, Caribbean
There’s hardly a wrong time to visit the Caribbean — yet February sees a great many groups of visitors hoping to get away from cold-weather countries. St Lucia’s independence from British rule in 1979 is celebrated on February 22, and marked by parades and celebratory events island-e prepared to party.
Hokkaido, Japan
February is when the temperatures are at the coldest in Japan for skiing, snowmobiling and snowboarding, and the season even offers an opportunity for outdoor lovers to try ice fishing on the top of a frozen lake. Sapporo Snow Festival—Hokkaido’s most famous festival, featured by thick snow and amazing ice sculptures and giant slides — is held in February, bringing a large number of well-wrapped-up visitors.
1. Which one is the best place to taste local food
A. Kangaroo Island. B. Mazatlán. C. St Lucia. D. Hokkaido.
2. What can visitors do in both Mazatlán and St Lucia
A. Hunt whales. B. Enjoy dry climate.
C Join in celebrations. D. Watch sea animals.
3. What is the main attraction of Sapporo Snow Festival
A. Snowmobiling. B. Ice sculptures.
C. The lowest temperature. D. Fishing on the frozen lake.
B
Thanks to a generous and kind soul, this winter is not cold any more. A Stockton teen will make sure seniors are staying warm and unforgotten during the holiday season, because dozens of elders across the nation are getting socks for Christmas — they couldn’t be happier about it.
Elle Gianelli, 17, is a student in high school, but most of her friends are elders. She has been making colored socks with silly designs for years, sending them to seniors in nursing and care homes to brighten up their day.
It all started from the closer-than-close friendship she has with her grandmother, which taught the value of spending time with elders. “I’m a grandma’s girl, I love love love my nana,” Gianelli said. On putting forward the idea, she was supported by her family and friends. Later, she was encouraged by her teachers who started the project Socks for Seniors when she was in her 7th grade, and she has so far lighted up 92 care homes in 48 states.
But as Christmas approaches, she’s making efforts to prepare her surprise in order to send boxes of silly socks to elders in all 50 states in time for the big day. “I know most people have toys for babies and things for kids but they always seem to forget about elders,” Gianelli told CBS. “Maybe they don’t have family or maybe they live super far away and they’re only getting something like a postcard.” To make sure that elders’ toes and hearts remain warm this holiday season, Gianelli is hoping to raise $10,000 through GoFundMe for a big sock drive. So far, with still 19 days to go before Christmas, she has received 95% of her total in donations.
4. What’s elders’ feeling on getting the socks
A. Overjoyed. B. Embarrassed. C. Confused. D. Frightened.
5 What inspired Gianelli’s kind action
A. Teachers’ guidance. B. Christmas project.
C. Love for her grandma. D. Encouragement from friends.
6. What can we learn about Gianelli’s Christmas surprise
A. She also has toys and things for kids. B. She will send socks to seniors in 48 states.
C. She still has 19 days to prepare the surprise. D. She has raised $10,000 through GoFundMe.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Warm Gifts From a Teen. B. The Wishes of the Elders.
C. A Special Relationship. D. A Wonderful School Project.
C
Asian robotics company Yukai Engineering showed its unusual but cute robot, its new breathing robotic pillow “Fufuly”, for the first time in Las Vegas in January, 2023. Later, the cute robotic pillow was familiar to the public at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2023 and won the CES 2023 Innovation Award.
The breathing pillow is a breath-inducing (呼吸诱导) robot that anyone can hold for comfort, according to Yukai Engineering. Yukai Engineering says stressed workers can rest and take breaks with the help of a robotic pillow. The company’s researchers added they wanted to create a product that would relax its users and allow them to take a deep breath.
In order to make the robotic pillow more effective, the robotics company together with the University of Tokyo carried out the breathing and rest studies. Banking on the data of these studies, researchers state that living creatures have a working system that make the rhythm (节奏) and depth of breathing at the same time. Yukai Engineering says that just holding Fufuly while it expands and contracts (收缩) will help users achieve this, calming the mind and improving task performance.
The robot expands and contracts as if it is breathing like a living creature. The University of Tokyo’s research has proved that its changeable movement causes breathing to change in rhythm and depth, which is the most important working system of it. Inside the robot is something called Deep Breathing Technology, which is based on how living things are drawn to the sounds of their partners’ breathing. Besides, the pillow can automatically (自动地) react to users without the remote control.
8. What can we know about the pillow robot from the first two paragraphs
A. It was firstly showed in Las Vegas.
B. It allows people to have a deep sleep.
C. It is specially designed for stressed workers.
D. It won many awards at the technology show.
9. What does the underlined phrase “Banking on” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Depending on. B. Copying. C. Leaving out. D. Changing.
10. What’s the key system for the pillow robot to work
A. Breathing sounds. B. Remote control.
C. Automatic reaction. D. Changeable movement.
11. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A guidebook. B. A news report.
C. A research paper. D. A company introduction.
D
Just as British people are always proud to say that they have “green fingers”, people in the US use about 34 billion liters of water on their gardens almost each day. At the same time, however, much of this country is experiencing a ten years’ drought (干旱). People in Florida, California and much of the western United States can’t water their lawns — or can’t water them as often as they’re used to. These lawns may not die, but neither will they look as green as grass lands in other places.
Both homeowners and researchers have been looking for solutions. Brooke Moffis, a graduate student at the University of Florida, works with Basil Iannone in the school’s lab on the ecology of living area, aiming to save water. Iannone says one way to do that is to fill a lawn with a variety of native plants. He recommends focusing on ones that can adapt to dry conditions, rather than keeping those thirsty English grasses.
People often regard lawns as grass and nothing else. When a lawn is planted with just one kind, it’s called a monoculture (单一栽培). “But we don’t need it to be a monoculture to serve the function of a lawn,” Iannone says. Adding native plants, including those that are considered as weeds, can make for a healthier outdoor space, Iannone added.
Imagine you’re a hungry insect. If you eat nectar (花蜜) — as many bees, butterflies, beetles, moths, ants and other insects do—a grassy lawn isn’t going to feed you. It would be like going to the grocery store and finding only one kind of food for a long time. But it’s a food you either can’t eat or don’t like.
A garden growing a variety of flowering plants would instead seem like a welcome buffet with a variety of food. The different nectar in these many flowers would make sure you and other nearby insects had plenty to choose and eat. That’s the idea behind adding flowering plants to existing lawns, such as clover, purslane or pennywort.
12. What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A. Lawns in western California die easily. B. Americans take good care of their lawns.
C. Some areas in the US lack water for lawns. D. The British suffer from natural disasters.
13. Why does Iannone disagree on growing English grasses
A. They can’t make lawns green. B. They aren’t suitable for research.
C. They can’t survive in the United States. D. They can’t grow well without enough water.
14. What do people usually think of lawns
A. Lawns are just made of grass. B. Lawns show American garden culture.
C. Lawns should include functional plants. D. Lawns with weeds make healthier space.
15. Why does the author mention buffet in the last paragraph
A. To indicate nectar is good for insects.
B. To introduce different ways to feed insects.
C. To show the benefits of growing various plants.
D. To suggest bringing nearby insects into the lawns.
参考答案
贵州省贵阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末监测英语试卷（含解析）
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文是Park Plaza Nottingham给客人的一封信，介绍了酒店的数字化服务、客房服务、餐饮以及健身房等方面的详细内容。
【1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Go digital!”下文中的“Our online check-in and check-out are fast and easy. Use your smartphone as your digital key and head straight to your room, message us with any requests 24/7, and order food online with the comfort of your room. Check your stay with our contactless services — simply scan the OR code (二维码) at the bottom of the letter or visit qr./n. (我们的在线入住和退房快捷方便。使用您的智能手机作为您的数字钥匙，直接进入您的房间，随时向我们发送任何要求，并在您的房间舒适地在线订购食物。使用我们的非接触式服务检查您的住宿情况——只需扫描信件底部的二维码或访问qr./n.)可知，入住和退房都在线上办理，用智能手机即可作为数字钥匙进入房间，并在线订餐、提出需求以及了解自己的入住情况；由此可知，“Go digital!”指的是各种事情都可以在线上完成。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Housekeeping Service.”下文中的“For your comfort and safety and to reduce contact points, guests staying for more than one night will only have their rooms cleaned every three days. (为了您的舒适和安全，并减少接触点，入住一晚以上的客人的房间将每三天清洁一次。)”可知，入住一晚以上的客人的房间将每三天清洁一次；由此可知，如果客人在酒店住两晚，入住期间房间不打扫。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Food &Drinks.”下文中的“Buffet breakfast is available in Chino Latino. Served from 6:30 a. m. until 10:30 a. m. Monday to Friday and 7:00 a. m. until 11:00 a. m. on Saturday and Sunday. (在Chino Latino酒店提供自助早餐。服务时间：星期一至星期五上午6:30至上午10:30，星期六和星期日上午7:00至上午11:00。)”可知，星期一至星期五提供自助早餐的时间为上午6:30至上午10:30；由此可知，周三的早餐时间为上午6:30至上午10:30。故选B。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you wish to speak to us, we are available 24/7. Please message us using the QR code below or dial the reception on your in-room phone. (如果你想和我们谈谈，我们全天候待命。请使用下面的二维码给我们留言或拨打用您的客房电话联系前台。)”可推知，这篇文章最可能在宾馆找到。故选D。
【答案】5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Kerr在退休后，一次偶然的机会遇到公园招聘实习生，他报名参加，并最终当上了护林员，在当护林员的过程中，收获许多丰富而又难得的时刻。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“After several aimless weeks, he decided to drive his camper to visit family in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.(在几个漫无目的的星期后，他决定开着他的露营车去拜访怀俄明州杰克逊霍尔的家人。)”可知，Kerr去怀俄明州是为了拜访家人。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Kerr stood out in the intern crowd — most of them were college and even high school students. But, in a sense, he had been prepared for this since his youth. His outdoor adventures with his grandfather had given him a love to nature, and as an adult, he had helped out at the local fire department on medical calls.(在实习生人群中，Kerr显得尤为突出——他们中的大多数都是大学生，甚至是高中生。但是，从某种意义上说，他从小就为此做好了准备。他和祖父的户外冒险经历让他爱上了大自然，成年后，他曾在当地消防部门帮忙处理医疗呼叫。)”可知，Kerr小时候的户外经历以及成年后在消防部门的工作让他在实习中表现很突出；由此可知，Kerr很适合这项工作。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“From his internship, he moved up to ranger, educating park visitors, ensuring safe encounters between guests and animals, and responding to medical emergencies (紧急情况). (实习结束后，他晋升为护林员，为公园游客提供教育，确保游客和动物之间的安全接触，并应对医疗紧急情况。)”可知，作为一名园林管理员，Kerr的职责是确保游客安全，以及处理紧急医疗情况。故选C。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He values his stewardship (管理工作) of what he describes as one of the most beautiful places on Earth, and appreciates the moments when he treats a visitor to an up-close look at one of the park’s wolves or bears through his telescope.(他很珍惜自己对这个被他称为地球上最美丽的地方之一的管理工作，也很欣赏他带游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊的时刻。)”以及最后一段““These are rich and all-too-rare moments,” recalls Kerr. “I never forget them.”(‘这些都是丰富而罕见的时刻，’科尔回忆道。‘我永远不会忘记他们。’)”可知，作为一名园林管理员，Kerr非常珍惜和喜欢这份园林管理工作；由此可知，他对这份工作是积极的。故选C。
【答案】9. A 10. D 11. C 12. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了防蓝光眼镜可以保护眼睛免受来自智能手机、电脑屏幕和LED灯的短波光的影响，但同时提出这种眼镜是否真的有效的疑问。文章回答了这一疑问，指出当人们晚上有睡眠问题时，戴上防蓝光眼镜很有用。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed to protet eyes from the effects of short-wavelength light from our smartphones, computer screens and LED lights. Considering how much time we spend on our phones, we may think such glasses are smart choices, right After all, eye strain is a real issue and can lead to poor sleep and even macular degeneration. The glasses can cost SIS all the way up to several hundred dollars. But do they work (防蓝光眼镜可以保护眼睛免受来自智能手机、电脑屏幕和LED灯的短波光的影响。考虑到我们在手机上花费的时间，我们可能会认为这样的眼镜是明智的选择，对吧？毕竟，眼睛疲劳是一个真正的问题，它会导致睡眠不足，甚至黄斑变性。这种眼镜的价格可能高达几百美元。但它们真的有效吗？)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入文章主题。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文““The sun produces a much higher intensity of blue light than human-made devices, of course, and it’s actually beneficial,” says Dr. Esparaz.(埃斯帕拉兹博士说：“当然，太阳产生的蓝光强度比人造设备高得多，这实际上是有益的。”)”以及后文“helps our mood and sleep-wake cycle”可知，上文提到博士说太阳产生的蓝光实际上是有益的，说明这种蓝光有助于我们的情绪和睡眠。故划线词指的是“蓝光”。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“So, in theory, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses should help people who watch movies in bed or read from an iPad at night to avoid sleeplessness. A 2021 review study found that people affected by sleep disorders fell asleep faster after using these glasses.(因此，从理论上讲，戴上防蓝光眼镜可以帮助那些在床上看电影或晚上用iPad阅读的人避免失眠。2021年的一项综述研究发现，受睡眠障碍影响的人在使用这种眼镜后入睡更快)”可知，当人们晚上有睡眠问题时，戴上防蓝光眼镜很有用。故选C。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The glasses can cost SIS all the way up to several hundred dollars. But do they work (这种眼镜的价格可能高达几百美元。但它们真的有效吗？)”结合文章主要说明了防蓝光眼镜可以保护眼睛免受来自智能手机、电脑屏幕和LED灯的短波光的影响，但同时提出这种眼镜是否真的有效的疑问。文章回答了这一疑问，指出当人们晚上有睡眠问题时，戴上防蓝光眼镜很有用。可知，D选项“防蓝光眼镜，买还是不买？”最符合文章标题。故选D。
贵州省安顺市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含解析）
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个中国旅游线路。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据China Highlights Tour部分的“This specific-designed 13 days China tour is based on the interest of the families especially the children’s.( 这个特别设计的13天中国之旅是基于家庭尤其是孩子们的兴趣。)”可知，China Highlights Tour是对家庭友好的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Guizhou Miao and Dong Tribes Adventure Tour部分的“Spend several days with local people to see their original life style, embroidery(刺绣)dress and shiny silver accessory(配饰).( 花几天时间和当地人在一起，看看他们原来的生活方式，刺绣的衣服和闪闪发光的银饰。)”可知，贵州之旅游客可以欣赏民族服装。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hangzhou Tour部分的“The Hangzhou government also offers free public bikes for tourists to travel around the West Lake.(杭州市政府还为游客提供免费的公共自行车，供他们游览西湖。)”可知，游客游览西湖可以使用免费的自行车。故选A。
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了吃早餐的重要性。根据一项在英国伦敦帝国学院发布的研究结果显示，不吃早餐不仅会让人们午餐吃得更多，而且会让人们更容易想吃一些不健康的食物。因此，提醒人们，要按时吃早餐。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“This saying is all about the importance of breakfast. And now scientists can tell us just why it’s so important. According to a study carried out at Imperial College London, UK, not having the first meal of the day not only means you eat more at lunch, but also that your brain wants to find more unhealthy foods. (这句谚语是关于早餐的重要性。现在科学家们可以告诉我们为什么它如此重要。根据英国伦敦帝国理工学院的一项研究，不吃一天中的第一餐不仅意味着你在午餐时吃得更多，而且你的大脑想要找到更多不健康的食物。)”可知，从第一段我们得知科学家们发现了为什么吃早餐很重要。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“On the first day, these people skipped breakfast before the scans. On the second day, they had cereal (谷物), bread and jam as breakfast. After the scan on both days, they had their lunch.(第一天，这些人在扫描前不吃早餐。第二天，他们的早餐是麦片、面包和果酱。这两天扫描后，他们开始吃午饭。)”可知，第一天实验中，实验对象不吃早餐，接受扫描，扫描之后再吃午餐。故选A。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中“The study suggests that there is a special part of our brain called the cortex(大脑皮层), which plays an important part in making choices about what we eat. ( 这项研究表明，我们大脑中有一个特殊的部分叫做皮层，它在我们选择吃什么方面起着重要作用。)”结合下文“It is more likely to target high-calorie foods when you’re on an empty stomach.(当你空腹时，它更有可能瞄准高热量的食物。)”可知，大脑皮层是我们大脑的一部分，它决定了我们对食物的选择，当我们空腹时，它更容易指向高油脂的食物，因此推断划线句子“It is used for making out the taste of food, especially when skipping breakfast.”，表示：它用来辨别食物的味道，尤其是在不吃早餐的时候。画线词与B项“忽视”意思相近。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“When the volunteers had skipped breakfast, they ate about 20 percent more at lunch, compared with days when they had eaten breakfast. Their brain scans also showed the cortex was especially responsive(反应积极的)to high-calorie foods. “We believe that identifies the value of foods-how pleasant, how delicious something is,” Goldman added.( 当志愿者不吃早餐时，他们的午餐食量比吃早餐时多20%。他们的脑部扫描还显示，大脑皮层对高热量食物特别敏感。戈德曼补充说:“我们相信，这可以确定食物的价值——它有多令人愉快，有多美味。”)”可知，戈德曼做了实验，表明如果不吃早餐，午餐会多吃；因此推断，他认为早餐是最重要的。故选C。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了太空服的发展历程。人类进入太空所要面对的重要问题之一便是怎样设计出能够抵挡太空恶劣环境的防护服。早期的太空服给宇航员的行动和执行任务带来不便，现在的太空服已经能够让宇航员行动自如。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线句所在段落“In 1933, an American flyer, Wiley Post, designed the first successful devices to protect a pilot at extreme heights. It was a large device, that looked like a can surrounding the pilot’s head. Astronauts in the American space agency(NASA)flew the first American space flights in the early 1960s. The clothing was similar to that invented by Wiley Post.( 1933年，美国飞行员威利·波斯特(Wiley Post)成功设计了第一个在极端高度保护飞行员的装置。这是一个很大的装置，看起来像一个罐子环绕着飞行员的头部。20世纪60年代初，美国航天局(NASA)的宇航员进行了美国第一次太空飞行。这种衣服和威利·波斯特发明的衣服很相似。)”可知,that指代上文提到的the first successful devices，是一种设备。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The heat of the sun can cause serious burns. The lack of atmosphere can cause gases in space to expand and even burst. With no oxygen to breathe, a human being will die in only a few moments. Radiation from the sun is another risk in space.(太阳的热量会造成严重的灼伤。缺乏大气层会导致太空中的气体膨胀甚至爆裂。没有氧气呼吸，人会在几分钟内死亡。来自太阳的辐射是太空中的另一个危险。)”可推知，步入太空的危险包括缺氧、太阳的高温、太阳的辐射，特殊设计的衣服不属于太空环境的危险。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Today, astronauts wear very different protective clothing. It lets them move, do useful tasks, and stay outside their spacecraft in comfort and safety for several hours.( 今天，宇航员穿着非常不同的防护服。它可以让他们移动，做一些有用的任务，并在他们的航天器外舒适安全地呆上几个小时。)”可知，以前的太空服不能让宇航员行动自如，也不便于执行任务等。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“When thinking about placing a human being in space, one of the most important questions is how to design special clothing needed to protect a person from the dangers of the space environment.(当考虑把一个人放在太空时,最重要的问题之一是如何设计为了保护一个人免受空间环境危险所需要的特殊衣服。)”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是太空服的发展。因此推断文章的主题是太空服的发展。故选D。
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加里·麦基为西坎布里亚郡麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹集资金的善行义举。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Gary McKee ran 365 marathons in as many days to raise funds for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice at Home West Cumbria. (加里·麦基在365天内跑完了365场马拉松，为西坎布里亚之家的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀筹集资金。)”可知，加里跑365场马拉松的目的是为慈善事业筹集资金。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The support has been amazing and it always is and the West Cumbrians get behind us (他们的支持非常棒，而且一直如此，西坎布里亚人支持我们)”和“Gary has not only raised money for two fantastic charities, but he has also sprinkled magic on the local community and brought people together to support him with the challenge.(加里不仅为两个了不起的慈善机构筹集了资金，而且还为当地社区带来了魔力，并将人们聚集在一起支持他接受挑战。)”可知，对于加里做的事情，社区给予了支持。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的““Gary has set a good example to me this year when I began running frequently with him and has given me both physical and mental resilience (适应力) that I don’t know if I would have ever discovered in myself in a million years. I know I don’t just speak for myself on that front as he has inspired not just me or the few, but the entire local community and beyond,” said Chris, “This challenge has raised a great amount of money for two fantastic charities, but the impact (影响) Gary has provided to the community and people around him is immeasurable. A lot of people’s lives will be much better off thanks to Gary’s efforts, mine included.”(“加里今年给我树立了一个好榜样，当我开始经常和他一起跑步时，他给了我身体和精神上的适应力，我不知道我是否能在一百万年后在自己身上发现。我知道，在这方面，我不只是代表我自己，因为他不仅激励了我或少数人，而且激励了整个当地社区，”克里斯说，“这项挑战为两个了不起的慈善机构筹集了大量资金，但加里为社区和他周围的人提供的影响是不可估量的。由于加里的努力，很多人的生活会变得更好，包括我在内。”)”可推断，克里斯感激加里给予的鼓励性影响。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段“Gary McKee ran 365 marathons in as many days to raise funds for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice at Home West Cumbria. (加里·麦基在365天内跑完了365场马拉松，为西坎布里亚之家的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀筹集资金。)”可知，本文讲述了53岁的英国人加里·麦基完成了一项许多人可能不敢尝试的挑战——365天跑365场马拉松，为慈善机构筹集资金，激励了社区里的其他人或邻居加入他的行列的故事。因此推断A项“麦基：为社区而跑步”故选A。
贵州省六盘水市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含解析）
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四条著名的徒步旅行路线，包括它们的特点、所在地点、旅行时长以及可以体验到的自然风光和历史文化。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“The Inca Trail, Peru”部分中的“The views of snowy mountain tops, great rivers, and cloud forests there are unforgettable. It also offers a chance to learn the rich history of the Inca empire in Peru.(那里的雪山、大河和云雾林的景色令人难忘。它还提供了一个了解秘鲁印加帝国丰富历史的机会)”可知，人们沿着印加古道可以体验到优美的风景和悠久的历史。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Monteverde Cloud Forest, Costa Rica”部分中的“It is known for its wide variety of creatures, which will make you have the chance to see the unique birds, bats and bears up close with a six-day hike. The high cloud forest with amazing plants is the perfect place to explore the trail. (它以其种类繁多的生物而闻名，这将使你有机会在为期六天的徒步旅行中近距离看到独特的鸟类、蝙蝠和熊。高云林中生长着令人惊叹的植物，是探索这条小径的最佳地点)”可知，Monteverde Cloud Forest拥有种类繁多的生物和令人惊叹的植物。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“The Inca Trail, Peru”部分中的“The Inca Trail is a guided three-day trip in Peru.(印加古道是秘鲁为期三天的导游之旅)”可知，该徒步旅行为期三天；根据文章“The Dingle Way, Ireland”部分中的“This trail can be completed in about eight days.(这条小径大约八天就能走完)”可知，该徒步旅行为期八天；根据文章“Monteverde Cloud Forest, Costa Rica”部分中的“It is known for its wide variety of creatures, which will make you have the chance to see the unique birds, bats and bears up close with a six-day hike.(它以其种类繁多的生物而闻名，这将使你有机会在为期六天的徒步旅行中近距离看到独特的鸟类、蝙蝠和熊)”可知，该徒步旅行为期六天；根据文章“Armenia & the Silk Road”部分中的“The Armenia & the Silk Road trip is an eleven-day adventure that takes you through some of the country's most beautiful routes.(亚美尼亚&丝绸之路之旅是一个为期11天的冒险之旅，带你穿越这个国家一些最美丽的路线)”可知，该徒步旅行为期11天。由此可知，“Armenia & the Silk Road”耗时最长。故选B。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Isabella经营了一家餐厅，并坚信诚实是经营餐厅的关键。在一个繁忙的周末，一对年轻夫妇在餐厅用餐后未付款就离开，让Isabella非常生气和失望。然而，十天后，这对夫妇通过邮寄的方式向Isabella道歉并支付了餐费，还附上了一份礼物。这个事件让Isabella感到惊讶和感动。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Her restaurant is known for its delicious food and good service, making it one of the most popular restaurants in the area. She believes in honesty and runs her restaurant with it. She firmly believes that there are honest people everywhere.(她的餐馆以美味的食物和良好的服务而闻名，是该地区最受欢迎的餐馆之一。她相信诚实，并以此经营她的餐馆。她坚信到处都有诚实的人)”可知，Isabella的餐馆非常受欢迎，说明她的事业很成功；而她本人则非常诚实。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“They were told to pay 20. To their surprise, they could only pay in cash. Obviously, the couple became anxious. When they were about to say something, the waiter was asked to another table to take orders.(他们被要求支付20英镑。令他们吃惊的是，他们只能用现金支付。显然，这对夫妇变得焦虑起来。当他们正要说点什么的时候，服务员被叫到另一张桌子去点菜)”可判断，当这对夫妇被要求用现金支付时，他们变得焦虑起来，由此可判断现金支付对他们而言有困难。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When the waiter came back to the table again, he found the couple had gone missing without paying for their food. Learning this, Isabella was quite angry. It was the first time that she had met this. She couldn’t understand their behaviour and even began to doubt her belief.(当服务员再次回到餐桌时，他发现这对夫妇没有付钱就不见了。Isabella知道了这件事，非常生气。这是她第一次遇到这种情况。她无法理解他们的行为，甚至开始怀疑自己的信仰)”可知，Isabella之所以开始怀疑自己的信仰是因为这对夫妇没有付钱就离开了，所以她以为这对夫妇太不诚实。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据前文可知，Isabella以为这对夫妇不诚实，不付钱就离开了，由此开始怀疑自己的信仰。而根据最后一段“Ten days later, Isabella was surprised to receive a package. In the package were 30 and a box of chocolates, with a note saying, “We sincerely apologize for our leaving without paying for the food that day, because we didn’t have cash and had to catch the train. We sent the money and the gift to you, expecting your forgiveness!” Surprised but moved, Isabella smiled.(十天后，Isabella惊讶地收到了一个包裹。包裹里有30英镑和一盒巧克力，并附有一张纸条，上面写着：“我们为那天没付餐费就走而道歉，因为我们没带现金，还要赶火车。我们把钱和礼物送给了你，希望你能原谅我们！”