2024年中考英语二轮语法复习课件：第二节 动词和动词短语（28张ppt）

(共28张PPT)
考点1：动词的变化规则
基本形式 变化规则 例词
第三人称单数 （1）一般情况直接加s （2）以-s，-x，-ch，-sh，-o结尾的加es （3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，改y为i再加es （1）love—loves
（2）miss—misses
（3）study—studies

基本形式 变化规则 例词
过去式和 过去分词 （1）一般情况直接加ed （2）以e结尾的直接加d （3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，改y为i再加ed （4）以重读闭音节结尾的，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母加ed （1）work—worked
（2）like—liked
（3）marry—married
（4）stop—stopped

基本形式 变化规则 例词
现在分词 （1）一般情况直接加ing （2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e加
ing （3）以重读闭音节结尾的，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母加ing （4）以-ie结尾的，改ie为y再加ing （1）keep—keeping
（2）live—living
（3）shop—shopping
（4）lie—lying
die—dying
对点击破（一）
（　B　）1.We are not 　　　　 to wear our own clothes at school.
A.guided B.allowed C.given
（　C　）2.A man is 　　　　 on the road. What is happening？
A.lie B.lies C.lying
B
C
考点2：实义动词
　　实义动词是指有实际意义的动词。如play， talk， run等。
对点击破（二）
（　A　）1.It’s good for us to 　　　　 a good eating habit.
A.develop B.choose C.accept
（　C　）2.Typhoon Talim（泰利） made its landfall （登陆） in China in
July 2023. The government asked people to stay at home and 　　　　 the
windows.
A.open B.break C.close
A
C
考点3：系动词
　　系动词，也称 “连系动词” ，后面常接形容词。
感官动词 look看起来，smell闻起来，sound听起来，taste尝起来，
feel感觉起来
变化 become变得，get变（好/短/冷……），turn变（颜色）
保持 keep保持， stay保持
好像 seem似乎
be动词 is， am， are， was， were， been
对点击破（三）
（　C　）1.May I have some more chicken？ It 　　　　 so delicious.
A.feels B.smells C.tastes
（　A　）2.Eating more vegetables can help you 　　　　 healthy.
A.keep B.taste C.turn
C
A
考点4：助动词
　　常用的助动词有have， has， do， does， did， don’t， doesn’t，
didn’t 等。它们具有语法意义，但大多没有词汇意义。
对点击破（四）
（　B　）1.— 　　　　 you go to school yesterday？
—No， I 　　　　 . I was ill at home.
A.Do； don’t B.Did； didn’t C.Will； won’t
（　C　）2.—How long 　　　　 your father been in Dongguan？
—He 　　　　 been here for more than 30 years.
A.does； does B.have； have C.has； has
B
C
考点5：情态动词
　　情态动词后接动词原形，其否定形式在后面加not即可，如：
can→can not。
1. 常用的情态动词
情态动词 意义 例句
can 能够 Can you play the guitar？
你会弹吉他吗？
could 能够（can的过去时），可用作更委婉的提问 —Could you please take out the rubbish？
你能倒一下垃圾吗？
—Sure， I can.　没问题。
may 也许 He may know the answer.
他可能知道答案。

情态动词 意义 例句
might 也许（may的过去时） I might be a few minutes late.
我可能会晚到几分钟。
must 必须 （1）You mustn’t smoke here.
禁止在这吸烟。
（2）—Must I finish homework today？
我今天必须完成作业吗？
—Yes， you must. / No， you needn’t.
是的，必须要。/ 不必。
情态动词 意义 例句
will 将会 I will go to New York next week.
下周我将去纽约。
would 将会（will的过去时），可用作更委婉的提问 Would you please pass me the salt？
你可以把盐递给我一下吗？
should 应该 You shouldn’t smoke here.
你不应该在这里吸烟。
shall 提出或征求意见（只用
于第一人称） Shall we meet at two o’clock this
afternoon？我们下午两点见好吗？
need 需要 I need two more days.
我还需要两天的时间。
对点击破（五）
（　A　）1.We 　　　　 always think about ourselves. We should think about
others.
A.can’t B.may C.must
（　A　）2.ChatGPT 　　　　 answer your questions in just a few seconds.
It’s amazing.
A.can B.must C. should
A
A
2. 情态动词表示猜测
情态动词 意义 例句
must 肯定是 You must be Mr. Green.
你一定是格林先生。
can’t 肯定不是 He can’t be a policeman. He is too weak.
他不可能是警察。他太虚弱了。
can， could， may， might 可能 He might be in the library.
他可能在图书馆。
对点击破（六）
（　C　）1.You 　　　　 feel tired after running for an hour. Please have a
rest.
A.could B.may C.must
（　B　）2.—Jane， I saw your mother yesterday.
—It 　　　　 be her. She is working abroad.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t
C
B
考点6：动词短语
　　由两个或两个以上的词一起构成一个短语，相当于一个动词，称为
短语动词。以下列出部分常用动词短语。
1.come back回来 2.come down落下来
3.come out出版；花开；发芽；出来 4.come from来自
5.come up with想出（主意） 6.come true实现
7.fall asleep入睡 8.fall behind落后
9.fall off…从……落下 10.fall down跌落
11.fall in love with…爱上…… 12.get away逃离
13.get back回来，取回 14.get up起床
15.get together聚会，联欢 16.get on上车
17.get off下车 18.get out of…从……出来
19.get ready for… 为……做准备
20.get on well with…与……相处得好
21.give away赠送 22.give back归还
23.give out分发 24.give up放弃
25.give sb. a hand帮助某人 26.go away走开
27.go over仔细检查，复习 28.go for a walk去散步
29.go out出去 30.go through浏览
31.go on doing sth.继续做某事 32.go fishing去钓鱼
33.keep on继续 34.keep in touch保持联系
35.keep one’s word守信 36.look over检查
37.look into向里面看；调查 38.look around四周看
39.look after照顾 40.look down upon看不起
41.look out留神，当心 42.look for寻找
43.look up查阅，查找 44.look through浏览；看穿
45.look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
46.put away收起来，放好
47.put down记下，放下 48.put off推迟
49.put on穿上；上演；增加体重 50.put out扑灭
51.put up挂起；举起；张贴 52.take away拿走
53.take off脱下；起飞 54.take place发生
55.take out取出 56.take care of照顾
57.take the place of取代，代替 58.take part in参加
59.take turns轮流 60.take it easy别着急，别紧张
61.take in吸入 62.take pride in自豪
63.turn down调小 64.turn up调大
65.turn off关掉 66.turn on打开（水、电器、煤气）
（　C　）1.The 2024 Olympic Games will be 　　　　 in Paris， and Paris
will be the second city （after London） to host the Summer Olympics three
times.
A.hide B.hold C.held
（　C　）2.Technology will certainly 　　　　 our lives in many ways.
A.copy B.break C.change
C
C
（　C　）3.—Hmm， something 　　　　 so good. Is it a cake？ Can I try
some？
—Hand-made cookies. Still warm. Here you go！
A.feels B.tastes C.smells
（　B　）4.I think you 　　　　 know a lot about London. You have lived
here for years.
A.can B.must C.should
C
B
（　B　）5.You 　　　　 walk on the wet hill path because you 　　　　 fall
and hurt yourself.
A.must； might not B.mustn’t； might
C.needn’t； need
（　C　）6.Starting from July 26， 2023， people with Singapore passports
can 　　　　 into China as tourists without visas（签证）.
A.gets B.got C.get
（　C　）7.The picnic will be 　　　　 until next week because of the rain.
A.put away B.put out C.put off
B
C
C
（　A　）8.—Have you ever seen the 4D film？
—Yes. It can make you 　　　　 being in the real situation.
A.feel like B.look over C.show up
（　C　）9.You’d better 　　　　 the street now. It’s dangerous.
A.cross B.don’t cross C.not cross
（　A　）10.Country music 　　　　 nice and is full of feelings.
A.sounds B.listens C.hears
A
C
A
一、语法选择
　　When throwing away garbage， do you know which bin it should go
into？ In many places， people 　1　 divide the garbage into four groups：
recyclable， harmful， wet and dry.
　　Paper， metal， glass and other things which can 　2　 reused are
recyclable waste. Harmful waste 　3　 things like medicine and batteries.
They are not recyclable. Wet waste is also 　4　 as household waste. They
are things you 　5　 want but that pigs can eat. Some waste such as plastic
bags， beer bottles and other man-made things will go into the “dry
waste” bin.
　　It 　6　 very important to know how to deal with your waste. If you
don’t deal with your waste， all of it will go to a landfill（垃圾场） and be
buried（埋） together. These landfills can 　7　 large areas of the ground.
The electronic waste you throw away 　8　 pollute the soil and groundwater.
Other pieces of garbage can 　9　 make other things if they are properly
recycled.
　　Many other Chinese cities plan to use this way to deal with their
garbage. It won’t 　10　 too long. Let’s encourage each other to deal with
our waste well by sorting it to protect the environment.
（　A　）1.A.must B.need C.may
（　B　）2.A.is B.be C.am
（　C　）3.A.include B.included C.includes
（　C　）4.A.know B.knowns C.known
（　A　）5.A.don’t B.aren’t C.didn’t
（　C　）6.A.must B.need C.is
（　A　）7.A.take up B.take off C.take away
（　C　）8.A.should B.need C.will
（　B　）9.A.be used for B.be used to C.used to
（　B　）10.A.spend B.take C.cost
A
B
C
C
A
C
A
C
B
B
二、短文填空（新考法）
　　请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。
注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
send　cross　climb　cry　laugh　see　get　stop
think　leave　understand　compete
（新考法）
　　The story happened in 2014. Hundreds of runners 　1　 in a cross-
country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey could actually 　2　 the finish
line earlier than she did. As reported by a local newspaper， Bailey almost
finished her running when a runner in front of her began 　3　 in pain.
She 　4　 to help the runner， Danielle LeNoue. Bailey took her arm to 　5　 if she could walk forward. She couldn’t. Bailey then bent down（弯下腰） to let LeNoue 　6　 onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line. Then LeNoue 　7　 medical treatment. Later， LeNoue was 　8　 to hospital where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.
As for Bailey， she was asked what she 9 of her act. She said：
“LeNoue was crying. I couldn’t 10 her. I feel like I was just doing the
right thing.”The two young women were strangers before the race， but
they have since become good friends.

1. 　2. 　3. 　4.
5. 　6. 　7. 　8.
9. 　10.
competed　
cross　
crying　
stopped　
see　
climb　
got　
sent　
thought　
leave