2024年人教版中考二轮复习课件专题 9 第5节 其他句式 (共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
第5节　其他句式
1.语法填空。
根据下面短文内容和提示,在短文的空格处填上一个语法最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。
One day, a rabbit walked by and met a turtle. The rabbit laughed at the turtle and said, “　①　 slowly you walk! Let’s have a race and then you will know how fast I run.”
Much to the rabbit’s surprise, the turtle accepted and said, “　②　 an interesting race it will be and I will try my best!” Everyone thought the rabbit is sure to win. At first, the rabbit ran fast and left the turtle far behind.
When the rabbit got to the hallway point and couldn’t see the turtle anywhere, he said proudly, “Mr. Turtle, run quickly, and I will take a short nap now to wait for you.” All this time the turtle kept walking step by step and he never gave up no matter　③　 hot and tired he got. 　④　time flies and 　⑤　 hard-working the turtle is! When the rabbit woke up from his nap, the turtle had reached the finish line.
① How　　② What　　③ how　　④ How　 ⑤ how　
2.知识回顾。
短文中,填写的词是 感叹词　,跟后面的句子一起用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈情感,这样的句子称作 感叹句　,以感叹词 what　(空格②)和 how　(空格①、③、④、⑤)来进行引导。
短文中,加粗的句子是 祈使句　,用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等。常常省略 主语　,用 动词原形　开头。
考点1 感叹句
(一)由what引导的感叹句
what引导的感叹句的中心词是名词。what意为“多么”,用作定语,修饰
名词　。单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。其句子结构可分为以下三种:
1.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+(主语+谓语)!
如:What a good girl she is!
What　 an　 interesting book it is!
2.What+形容词+可数名词复数+(主语+谓语)!
如: What　 good students they are!
What　 beautiful flowers they are!
3.What+形容词+不可数名词+(主语+谓语)!
如: What　 bad weather it i!
What　 important news it is!
(二)由how引导的感叹句
how引导的感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词。how意为“多么”,用作状语,用来修饰形容词或者副词。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用实义动词。其句子结构也分为三种:
1.How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)!
如: How　 quickly he runs!
2.How+形容词+ a/an+可数名词单数+(主语+谓语)!
如: How　 beautiful a girl she is!
3.How+主语+谓语!
如:How time flies!光阴似箭!
(三)做题小窍门
※口诀:形名相连用what,形名不连用how, what选定后,还需关注名词的数。
如:How beautiful a girl she is!
(形容词beautiful与名词girl不连,中间有冠词a,所以用how)
What a beautiful girl she is!
(形容词beautiful与名词girl相连,所以用what)
考点2 祈使句
(一)祈使句的特征
祈使句无主语, 主语you常省去;
动词原形谓语当, 句首加don’t否定变。
(二)祈使句的结构
1.肯定结构
(1)Do型——动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分。
如:Please write down your name.
Please open the window.　
请开窗。
(2)Be型——Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分。
如:Be careful!小心!
Be a good kid!　
要做一个好孩子!
(3)Let型——Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
如: Let me help you.　
让我来帮你。
2.否定结构
(1)Do型和Be型的否定式:在句首加don’t。
如:Don’t close the door, please.
Don’t be late for class!　
上课不要迟到!
(2)Let型的否定式有两种:
①Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他。
如: Don’t let him go.　
别让他走。
②Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他。
如: Let him not go.　
别让他走。
(3)有些祈使句可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的行为。
“No+名词或动名词”结构表示禁止某种行为,一般用于指示、标牌、布告等。
如: No smoking! 　禁止吸烟!
No photos!　禁止拍照!
(三)祈使句用于两个重要句型中
如:Read more books, and　 you will have a better understanding of life.
如:Listen to the teacher carefully, or　 you can’t follow her well.
试比较:
Hurry up and you’ll catch the train.
=If you hurry up,you’ll catch the train.
Hurry up,or you’ll miss the train.
=If you don’t hurry up,you’ll miss the train.
※(四)祈使句的答语
祈使句表示命令、要求等语气,是中考听力常考话题。回答祈使句要用将来时态。
如:—Please remember to take the dog out for a walk every day.
— Yes, I will.　
—Don’t take your mobile phone to school!
— Sorry, I won’t　
(五)辨析
如何区分祈使句和动名词作主语
Ⅰ.单项选择。
(　C　)1.　　　　 a fresh spring morning it is!(2022·重庆A卷)
A.Who　　 B.Why
C.What D.How
(　D　)2.—We picked apples on the farm and had fun yesterday.
—　　　　 wonderful day it was!(2022·广西梧州)
A.How B.How a
C.What D.What a
(　B　)3.—Have you heard that Mr. Zhang saved his neighbor from a big fire last night
—Yes. 　　　　brave the young man is!(2022·内蒙古)
A.What a B.How
C.What D.How a
(　C　)4. 　　　　exciting singing contest they had yesterday!
A.What B.How
C.What an D.How an
(　C　)5.—The little boy is only three years old, but he can memorize about 50 poems.
——　　　　 talented boy he is!
A.How B.How a
C.What a D.What
(　A　)6.—Our school volleyball team won first prize last Friday.
—Wow, 　　　　great news!(2023·黑龙江绥化)
A.what B.what an
C.how D.how an
(　B　)7. 　　　　useful knowledge the astronaut in Tiangong Classroom has taught us!(2023·辽宁营口)
A.How B.What
C.How a D.What a
(　C　)8.　　　　 in what you want, and AI tools can create pictures in minutes.(2023·江苏徐州二模)
A.Typing B.To type
C.Type D.Typed
(　D　)9.Sandy, 　　　　to be here at 8 o’clock.
A.is sure B.is sure that
C.will be sure D.be sure
(　D　)10.　　　　 me the truth, or I’ll be angry.
A.Telling B.To tell
C.Told D.Tell
Ⅱ.用what或how填空。
1. How　 fine the weather is!
2. What　 an interesting lesson the students are having!
3. How　 brave the Chinese people are!
4. What　 beautiful dresses these are!
5. What　 a very funny story he told us!
Ⅲ.完成句子。
1.多么精彩的舞狮表演啊!(2023·广东广州二模)
How　 wonderful　 the lion dance is!
2.Wear more clothes, or you will catch a cold. (同义句)
If/Unless　 you wear more clothes, you won’t/will　 catch a cold.
3.Don’t go swimming in the river!(写出答语)(2021·重庆)
Sorry, I won’t.　
4.Please be careful when you climb the mountain.(写出答语)(2022·重庆)
Yes, I will.