广东省广州市花都区广雅中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学测试英语试题(无答案 无听力音频 无听力原文)

2023学年下学期高二年级学科综合素养评估
英语
本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 开考前，考生用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号等信息填写在答题卡指定区域；
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后， 再选涂其它答案；
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，不得使用涂改液。
第一部分 选择题 （共90分）
一、听力理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Linda
A. A writer. B. A student. C. A teacher.
2. What is the man afraid of
A. Having an accident. B. Missing the interview C Saying something wrong.
3. What does the woman want to do
A. To return a jacket. B. To change a jacket. C. To buy another jacket.
4. Why does the man feel upset
A. A guy stole his clothes. B. He found his clothes ugly.
C. Someone said he was ugly.
5. What does the woman mean
A. She disbelieves her son. B. She feels very sorry for her son.
C. She wants her son to use a new key.
第二节 听下面对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who is arranging the meeting
A. Peter. B. David. C Janet.
7. When does the man prefer to have the meeting
A. This Wednesday. B. This Friday. C. Next Monday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10 题。
8. What helped change the speaker's attitude towards study
A. Her professor's advice. B. Her graduate program. C. Her trip to Africa.
9. How does the speaker feel when she talks about her past experiences
A. Regretful. B. Relieved. C. Grateful.
10. Who is the speaker probably talking to
A. Conservation workers. B. High school students. C. College teachers.
第三节 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下关键信息。独白播放两遍。
An introduction of Robert Burns
Education background Born in 1759 into a farmer's family, he never went to school.
Fame and achievement He grew to be the 11. ___of Scotland and is best known for Auld Lang Syne.
Themes of poems He focused on not only big topics but also 12. ___________________
Motivation of creation 13. ______ his Scottish identity, he created the poem Auld Lang Syne to set to the tune of a traditional folk song in 1788.
Influence of Auld Lang Syne ■In many countries, the song is sung at midnight on New Year's Eve to remember friendships and life. ■I n Scotland, it is common for friends and family to 14. ______________as they sing the song. ■On Burns Night, people gather to have haggis, 15. ______________ , and sing Auld Lang Syne.
二、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
16. The days are gone ______ physical strength was all ______ matters for her athletic career.
A. because; what B. because; that
C. when; that D. when; what
17.--Next Sunday will be my parents' 30-year anniversary. I am throwing them a surprise party. Would you like to come
--What a pity! I'd like to, but I ______ with my son then in Italy as promised.
A. will be travelling B. will travel
C. am travelling D. shall travel
18. No sooner ______ home______ he hugged his two sons.
A. he had returned; than B. he had returned; when
C. had he returned; than D. had he returned; when
19. He was found ______ on a bench with a ______ look, most probably concerned about the coming test.
A. seated; worrying B. sit; worried
C. sitting; worrying D. seated; worried
20. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures ______-10℃.
A. averaged B. averaging
C. to average D. being averaged
21.______ to tears, the audience stood up. and.______ their hands violently.
A. Moving; clapped B. Moved; clapping
C. Moved; clapped D. Being moved; clapping
22. For Dutches unfamiliar with American culture, it can be an ______ occasion because they think ______ for dinner means the relationship is distant.
A upsetting; being thanked B. upsetting; thanked
C upset: being thanked D. upset; thanking
23.He couldn't be the person ______ since he was the only one absent from work that day.
A. blamed B. to be blamed C. blaming D. to blame
24、They added some hi-tech elements, which was ______ their program was supposed to shine.
A. what B. where C. which D. whether
25. I asked him ______ he was getting on with his Chinese learning since I was unsure ______ he had passed the HSK exam
A how; whether B. what; if C. whether; that D. if; what
26. Tom did not accept the excuse ______ his daughter gave ______ she had been caught up in a traffic jam at midnight.
A. /; whether B. what; that C./;that D. that; if
27. My experience tells me that it's not ______ you are given but how you make use of it ______ determines who you are.
A. which; what B. what; that C. that; which D. what; which
28. The old man insisted that I ______ his wallet, and I explained to the police I had no motive of theft.
A. has taken B. took C. should take D. had taken
29. To ______ students' interest in home decorating, a workshop is to be held.
A. arouse B. raise C. rise D. arise
30. I can barely cook, so I ______ ready meals.
A. live in B. live for C. live on D. live by
三、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题， 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Every event here features a noted scientist who discusses a different cosmic（宇宙的） topic. They will be presented with a live stream to our Science World official website and questions can be asked in the website chat.
Black Holes
7:30 PM-8:30 PM, May. 19, 2023
Description: Most galaxies have a supermassive black hole at their center. These black holes help determine how galaxies will develop over time. Join Dr. Ansel Netscher for an outline of black holes. You can also explore how supermassive black holes may decide the development of galaxies.
The Webb Imagery
8:00 PM-9:30 PM, May.28, 2023
Description: The amazing visions have attracted the world. But there's a long and involved process by which scientists' black-and-white observational data is transformed into dynamic color imagery for the public. Join image specialist Ralph Wilson as he discusses the art and science of translating infrared light.
Hunt for Distant Worlds
7:00 PM-8:00 PM, Jun.3,2023
Description: Since the discovery of the first planet orbiting a Sun-like star in 1995, more than 4.000 exoplanets have been found. These widespread planet systems confirm that our solar system is just one of many in our Milky Way galaxy. The discovery of such systems has provided interesting insights, challenging our views about how planet systems form and develop. Join Dr. Amanda Garcia as she describes the scientific hunt for these distant worlds.
Mars and Beyond
10:00 AM-11:30 AM, Jun.4,2023
Description: Will we ever reach Mars And what will it take to travel to other stars Dr. Camille Lopez will meet these questions with a speech of what we can expect in the next 30 years. It's based on what is practical and reasonable when we consider the biological, economic, and philosophical concerns that connect with the engineering challenges of space habitation and exploration.
31. Interested in the development of planet or star system, you can choose ______.
①Black Holes ②The Webb Imagery
③Hunt for Distant Worlds ④Mars and Beyond
A.①④ B.②④ C.①③ D.②③
32. What will you learn from Mars and Beyond
A. Prospect of space travel. B. Application of art to science.
C. The origin and future of Mars. D. Detailed plan of space habitation.
33. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To publicize online public lectures.
B. To compare events of studying science.
C. To stress the importance of space exploration.
D. To expand people's knowledge about universe.
B
On June 6th Columbia University announced that it will no longer co-operate with US News & World Report's undergraduate rankings. It is the first top-not ch institution to do so. Might its departure be the start of a mass departure
Columbia's decision follows a rankings scandal last year. In February 2022 one of Columbia's own maths professors accused the college of fudging（含糊其辞） its data in several areas. The university later admitted to having used "outdated and/or incorrect methodologies".
In the 1980s prospective students started to expand their college search beyond their local
area, and it was hard to learn about universities and compare them. Hence, US News began ranking America's top universities in 1983, and has released its findings annually since 1988.
Colleges have gone to great longths to move up in the ratings. Richard Freeland, Northeastern University's former president, capped class sizes and hired faculty to improve its spot; it moved from 127th in 2003 to 44th this year. Others went too far. A dean at Temple University's business school was sentenced to prison and was ordered to pay a $250,000 fine after being found guilty of fraud in relation to artificially inflating his programme's rankings.
The ranking system used to seem unstoppable. Universities have tried to ditch it before, only to find that doing so can backfire badly. US News still ranks non-participating universities, using publicly available information, and the data often do not go in their favour. Reed College, a liberal-arts college, stopped taking part in 1995. It tumbled from the top quartile to the bottom. Columbia did not submit data for this year's analysis, citing concerns about Dr Thaddeus's claims, and its ranking fell from second in 2021-22 (tied with Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology) to 18th in 2022-23(tied with the University of Notre Dame).
Recently the mood has begun to change, however, especially among graduate schools. In 2022, of the 15 highest-ranked law schools, only the University of Chicago submitted data. Some undergraduate schools have already opted out this year (Rhode Island School of Design, Colorado College, Stillman College), but none are as prestigious as Columbia.
In May US News announced changes to its ranking methodology. It is moving away from metrics that rely on reputation and towards student outcomes. One way or another, the rankings—and universities more broadly—are in a state of constant change.
34. What is true about the US News undergraduate rankings
A. It faked the information for the ratings.
B. it filled an information gap at one time.
C. It promoted the quality of higher education.
D. It has been released every year for 40 years.
35. If a college does not cooperate with US News, ______.
A. it will be ordered to pay a fine
B. it will be excluded from the list
C. its ranking will suffer consequently
D. its spot in the ranking won't be affected
36. The underlined word "capped" in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
A. limited B. increased C. inflated D. maintained
37. I t can be inferred from the passage that US News undergraduate rankings may focus more on ______ in the future.
A. scores given by former students B. donations from all walks of life
C. evaluations from other colleges D. achievements of college graduates
C
A moment occurs in the exchange between professor and student when each of us adopts a look. My look says, "What, you don't understand " Theirs says, "We don't. And we think you're making it up." We are having a problem. Basically, we've all read the same story, but we haven't used the same analytical approaches. I t may seem at times as if the professor is inventing interpretations（诠释） out of thin air.
Actually, the truth is that as the slightly more experienced reader, the professor has acquired over the years the use of a certain "language reading". Besides, he has grasped three professional tools - -memory, symbol and pattern. These items separate the professional readers from the ordinary ones.
English professors are cursed with memory. When reading a new book, I constantly seek out connections and inferences, recalling faces and themes from past readings. I can't not do it, although there are plenty of times when that ability is not something I want to exercise. This does not necessarily improve the experience of popular entertainment.
Professors also read and think symbolically. Everything is a symbol of something, it seems, until proven otherwise. We ask: What does the thing over there represent The kind of mind that works its way through undergraduate and then graduate classes in literature and criticism tends to see things as existing in themselves while also representing something else. This tendency to understand the world in symbolic terms is enhanced by years of training and rewards the symbolic imagination.
A related phenomenon in professorial reading is pattern recognition. Most professional students of literature learn to take in the specific de tail while seeing the patterns that the detail reveals. Experience has proved to them that life and books fall into similar patterns. Literature is full of patterns, and your reading experience will be much more rewarding when you can step back from the work, even while you are reading it, and look for those patterns.
38. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By describing a real-life scene. B. By using popular quotes.
C. By presenting conflicting ideas. D. By raising an interesting question.
39. Why do the students think the professor is making up interpretations
A. They have limited life experience.
B They lack chances for sufficient reading.
C. I hey are unable to analyze the text thoroughly.
D. They do not trust the professor's teaching abilities.
40. What does paragraph 3 say about English professors
A. They have a strong desire to not have their good memory.
B. Their reading habit doesn't always guarantee desirable effects.
C. Their memory adds to their reading pleasure of popular works.
D They keep making connections with their own life while reading.
41. Which is the author's suggestion on reading literature
A. Identify the hidden text modes.
B. Perceive many things at the same time.
C. Look for details and language patterns.
D. Memorize patterns of symbolic meanings.
D
Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs, or even building a bomb, suggesting that preventing such AI "jailbreaks" is more difficult than it seems.
Many publicly available large language models(LLMs), such as Chat GPT, have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination, or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers —things they have learned from humans via training data. But that hasn't stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections, known as "jailbreaks", making AI models disobey the rules.
Now, Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks. They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona（角色）, which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse. This process is called“persona modulation（调节）”.
Tagade says this approach works because much of the raining data consumed by large models comes from online conversations, and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs. By having the right conversation with a model, it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona, causing it to act differently.
There is also an idea in Al circles, one yet to be proven, that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way. This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. "if you're forcing your model to be good persona, it somewhat understands what a bad persona is," says Tagade.
Yīnzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused, but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. "Like drugs, they also have side effects that need to be controlled," she says.
42. What does the AI jailbreak refer to
A. The technique to break restrictions of AI models.
B. The initiative to set hard-coded rules for Al models.
C. The capability of A. I models improving themselves.
D. The process of AI models learning new information.
43. What can we know about the persona modulation
A. It can help AI models understand emotions.
B. It prevents AJ learning via online conversations.
C. It can make AJ models adopt a particular persona.
D. It forces Al models to follow only good personas.
44. What is Yinzhen Li's attitude towards LLMs
A. Unclear. B. Cautious. C. Approving. D. Negative.
45. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. LLMs: lllegal Learning Models B. LLMs: The Latest Advancement
C. AI Jailbreaks: A New Challenge D. AI Jailbreaks: A Perfect Approach
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读补全。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。
Home gardens produce delicious food. But that's not their main virtue.
Imagine a plate holding two strawberries, identical in appearance. One came out of a super-market box, probably harvested unripe. ___46___ The other was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten. The first one will probably taste like a slightly sour grape while the second is likely to be sweet and rich in flavour.
Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages. They are convenient and available in the northern globe even in February. But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata in a concert hall differs from listening to it on an old tape. ___47___
Other people, however, believe gardening a waste of time. But the same could be said of cooking. There are cheap and decent restaurants around, so why bother to make your own meals ___48___ They mistake the product for the purpose.
Actually, a garden, especially in the early years, can produce little but frustration. New gardeners may plant the wrong crops for their soil. Rabbits have an annoying habit of taking single bites of vegetable, then leaving the rest to go bad. ___49___ No matter. The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it. The deepest pleasure --as with cooking, writing, bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile --- is in the work itself. A gardener's memories revolve not around the food produced, but around long afternoons with hands in the dirt.
___50___
A. No one can ever avoid this hard stage.
B. So why don't we start home gardening for delicious food
C. This might explain why many people desire a home garden.
D. These people misunderstand the ultimate appeal of gardening.
E. By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the plant for days.
F. To garden is to patiently and lovingly help life grow, in the ground and above it.
G. And even expert gardeners can lose a season's harvest to uncooperative weather.
四、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I've reached the turn-around point of the day's kayaking（皮划艇） trip. Sweat runs down my cheek as I ___51___ my fingers through the cool water. I look around. It's just me, a couple of seagulls, and shining freshwater to the horizon. This, I whisper to myself, is ___52___ .
Solo outings had never ___53___ my mind before because I always had loyal friends willing to tag along. But three years ago, I moved to Cleveland. Meeting close friends in a new city is ___54___ . And a worldwide health crisis made ___55___ impossible.
In October 2022,I decided to ___56___ a whole day on a solo hiking trip. I went to
Cuyahoga Valley National Park (CVNP) to ___57___ the autumn leaves. Five miles in,couldn't remember the last time I'd felt so alive. I was more ___58___ of my surroundings than I'd ever been while hiking that day. I studied the markings of trees, focused my ears on each forest sound and did something I had almost never spared ___59___ for: I listened to my own thoughts. Every word in my mind pointed to a newfound ___60___ — solo hiking is my happy place. From then on, I have adjusted myself to any solo activity.
Pride ___61___ through my body when I first launched my kayak. My chest, ___62 tightened by nerves, was bursting with happiness as I finally reached the middle of the river that I'd long ___63___ standing on shore before.
Adventuring alone has become like medicine for me! It's also pushed me to go ___64 my comfort zone and to meet new people. Through meetups and social media, my adventure friend circle has ___65___ . But at least once per month, I schedule time to hit nature with my favorite trail buddy: me.
51. A. dip B raise C. point D slip
52. A. exhausting B. awesome C. surprising D. terrible
53. A. crossed B. lost C. cleared D. occupied
54. A. available B. crucial C. tough D. common
55. A. admissions B. circumstances C. connections D. relationships
56. A. bring up B. take up C. pull up D. put up
57. A. appreciate B. collect C. cut D. sweep
58. A. ashamed B. scared C. aware D. tired
59. A time B. effort C. room D. money
60. A. myth B. regulation C. definition D. truth
61. A. pulled B. looked C. coursed D. carried
62. A. occasionally B. initially C. constantly D. instantly
63. A. visited B. swam C. rowed D. admired
64. A. within B. into C beyond D. through
65. A. emerged B. ballooned C. surrounded D. encountered
第二部分 非选择题（共60分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Yoga enthusiast poses for a photo in an immersive art exhibition of Vincent Van Gogh, ___66___ (title) "Van Gogh Alive" in Bangkok.
AI Van Gogh appears on a video screen at the end of a super exhibition concentrating on the final weeks of his life in Auvers-sur-Oise village. ___67___ (amazing), AI Vincent is well-informed of 21st century therapy speak. "While I ___68___ (face) with mental health struggles, my move to the village was not motivated ___69___ a desire to end my life," he said.
As the paintings suggest, his final weeks were extraordinarily ___70___ (produce), full of masterpieces including The Church at Auvers, Wheatfield with Crows and his very last, Tree Roots. Among the ___71___ (highlight) is a room special for his“double-square”panoramas （全景画）, a technical revolution in which he used very long and thin canvases, indicating the widescreen landscapes of cinema.
It is perhaps fitting that the show ends with modern technologies, ___72___ have become increasingly common as exhibitions try to pull in the younger audience.
Besides Van Gogh chatbot, visitors can also put on a virtual reality headset ___73___ (enter) the kitchen of Dr. Gachet, where Van Gogh spent time in his final weeks, take ___74___ virtual trip around an enormous version of his paint palette（调色板）, and plunge into the tree roots of his final painting. The state-of-the-art helmet can track the hands of users, ___75___ (allow) them to pick up items in the virtual world.
第二节 单词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据上下文选择合适的单词，在空格处填入单词的正确形式，使文章信息完整，意思准确。
preciously preserve access strength extreme
accompany qualify prohibit flexible crisis
vary complain adjust hesitate option
Senior high school life is a challenging but rewarding journey that requires a lot of acknowledgement, ___76___, and resilience（恢复力）. Students face various ___77___ , such as academic pressure, peer pressure, identity issues, and emotional problems. They also have to deal with ___78___ from teachers, parents, and themselves. They have to follow the rules and regulations of the school, which may ___79___ some of their behaviors or preferences. They have to balance their studies, extracurricular activities, and social life.
However, senior high school life also offers many opportunities for ___80___ one's skills, knowledge, and personality. Students can explore their interests and talents in different fields and subjects. They can participate in ___81___ competitions and events ___82___ for higher education or career paths. They can learn from their teachers, mentors, and peers who can provide guidance and support. They can also enjoy the friendship of their classmates and ___83___ by their friends who share their joys and sorrows.
Senior high school life is a ___84___ and memorable stage of one's life that ___85___ in many books, movies, and songs so far. It is a time when students can discover themselves and the world around them. It is a time when diverse and ___86___ resources and opportunities can be ___87___ to enrich their learning and growth. It is a time when students can be ___88___ or confident, ___89___ or rigidly, ___90___ or moderately, depending on their choices and consequences. Senior high school life is a time when students can shape their future and destiny.
第三节 短语填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据上下文选择合适的词组，在空格处填入词组的正确形式，使文章信息完整，意思准确，有两个词组是多余选项。
fall apart fade away in that case get through call on
deep down on board live off take over consist of
AJ (Artificial Intelligence) is not just a technology, but a way of life for many people. Some people use AI to create art, music, or games, ___91___ their passions with the help of algorithms. Others rely on AI ___92___ their daily tasks, such as managing their finances, health, or education. AI is also a source of entertainment, providing endless content and experiences for users to enjoy.
But AI is not without its challenges and risks. Some people fear that AI will ___93___ their jobs, or even their lives. AI is constantly evolving, and sometimes it can be hard to keep up with its changes and demands.
___94___ , some people choose to disconnect from AI, or limit their exposure to it. They prefer to live a simpler, more natural life, without the interference of machines. They feel that AI ___95___ from their values and goals from the time it appeared till present, and that they have lost their connection with it. They want to reclaim their autonomy and identity, and not depend on AI for everything.
But ___96___ , they know that AI is not going away anytime soon. AI is a part of the world, and the world is a part of AJ. AI is a complex system, ___97___ many components and interactions, both human and non-human. AI is a collective project, and everyone is ___98___ , whether they like it or not. AI is a challenge, and every individual ___99___ to face it, whether they are ready or not.
AI is not perfect, and it ___100___ on occasion. But AI is also resilient, and always finds a way to recover and improve. AI is not a threat, but an opportunity. AI is not an enemy, but a friend. AI is not a dream, but a reality.
第四节 写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Alex已提前被香港大学（HKU）生物医学专业（Biomedicine) 录取，你对此专业也很感兴趣。请你写封邮件给Alex，内容如下：
1.祝贺他成功被录取；
2.请教申请成功经验；
3.祝愿他一切顺利。
Dear Alex,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua