2023-2024安徽各地开学测高中英语阅读专项训练（含解析）

绝密★启用前
2023-2024安徽各地开学考高中英语阅读专项训练副标题
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第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解：本大题共80小题，共160分。
A
(2024·安徽省·期末考试) What do the random, scribbled （潦草的） drawings crowding the margins （页边空白处） of most high school students' papers mean ？ When a student is caught doodling （乱画） in class, he will probably be criticized for daydreaming. But doodling while listening can help with remembering details, rather than implying that the mind is wandering, according to a study published in the scientific journal Applied Cognitive Psychology.
In an experiment conducted by the Medical Research Council's Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge, 40 subjects were asked to listen to a two-minute tape giving several names of people and places. Half of the participants were asked to shade in shapes on a piece of paper at the same time, without paying attention to neatness, while the rest were given no such instructions. After the tape had finished, all participants in the study were asked to recall the names of people and places. The doodlers recalled on average 7.5 names of people and places, compared to only 5.8 by the non-doodlers.
"If someone is doing a boring task, like listening to a dull telephone conversation, they may start to daydream." said study researcher, Professor Jackie Andrade, of the School of Psychology, University of Plymouth. "Daydreaming distracts them from the task, resulting in poorer performance. A simple task, like doodling, may be sufficient （足够的） to stop daydreaming without affecting performance on the main task."
"In psychology, tests of memory or attention will often use a second task to selectively block a particular mental process. If that process is important for the main task, then performance will be impaired． But my research suggests that in everyday life doodling may be something we do because it helps to keep us on track with a boring task, rather than being an unnecessary distraction （分心） that we should try to resist doing." said Andrade.
Dan Ware, asocial studies teacher, used to consider doodling a distraction from learning, but after teaching kids with all personality types he learned scribbling away during lectures helps certain students remember more information. "In my first few years of teaching, I thought, 'Well, this kid isn't paying attention. He's daydreaming.' But I had some really powerful experiences with students and came to understand in many cases that was their way of focusing, and those students were probably paying more attention than other students." Ware said.
1.What do we know about the participants involved in the experiment ？ ______
A. Some were asked to note down the information neatly.
B. Some were asked to memorize the names they would hear.
C. Some were instructed to listen to the tape with full attention.
D. Some were instructed to make random drawings on paper.
2.What does the underlined word "impaired" in paragraph 4 refer to ？ ______
A. Improved. B. Weakened. C. Stopped. D. Repaired.
3.Which of the following will both Jackie Andrade and Dan Ware agree with ？ ______
A. Doodling helps some people focus.
B. Students who doodle perform poorly.
C. Doodling makes a dull task interesting.
D. Students who doodle lack concentration.
4.What is the best title of the text ？ ______
A. Daydreaming Can Sharpen Study Skills
B. Doodling Can Help Memory Recall
C. A Wandering Mind Improves Productivity
D. Distractions Harm Academic Performance
B
(2024·安徽省·期末考试)As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I d find there and I wasn t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
5.Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2
A. Try challenging things. B. Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories. D. Stick to a promise.
6.What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica
A. Lovely penguins. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare. D. A friend s invitation.
7.What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey
A. It could be a home for her.
B. It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved.
D. It needs to be fully introduced.
8.What is the text mainly about
A. A childhood dream.
B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world.
D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
C
(2024·安徽省·模拟题)For decades, the message to students in the United States has been nearly the same: You need to go to college. Students have heard this message loud and clear, ever since their childhood. However, while encouraging students to further their education after high school is a noble and well-intentioned action, the current system in the United States has created some damaging side effects.
The largest and most well-known consequence is the student debt. Tuition and fees at four-year universities have risen by around 54% since 1999. Total student debt in the U. S. is estimated at around $1.6 trillion, so much that even the world's richest man Jeff Bezos would have to increase his wealth by nearly nine times to pay off all of it.
Although the price of acquiring a bachelor's degree has gone up, the relative value of having the actual degree has been watered down by the fact that holding a degree is now an expectation, not a bonus. The poor return on investment is also evidenced by the massive waves of students earning degrees in fields where there simply are not enough jobs for the number of graduates, leaving young adults in debt and out of work.
The push for students to go to college has also prevented them from considering careers in important fields that don't necessarily require a four-year degree, such as construction and manufacturing. Despite the good pay and benefits in these industries, the lack of new blood has led to growing shortages of both workers and skills, causing delays and higher costs in projects like road repairs and infrastructure (基础设施) improvements.
Colleges and universities remain critical to our nation. But as a society, it would benefit us greatly to acknowledge that college isn't the only form of higher education and career preparation. Students and young adults have more options than they think and informing them of those opportunities can go a long way toward making higher education as a whole more effective, efficient and affordable.
9.How does the writer support his argument in paragraph 2
A. By providing examples. B. By giving numbers.
C. By explaining the logic. D. By showing the effects.
10.What does the underlined expression "watered down" mean in paragraph 3
A. Reduced. B. Increased. C. Reflected. D. Ignored.
11.What keeps students away from industries like construction
A. Low salaries and benefits.
B. High degree requirements.
C. The trend of going to college.
D. The lack of job opportunities.
12.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. How College Graduates End up in Debt
B. What A College Degree Really Brings
C. Who Is to Blame for The Worker Shortages
D. Why We Should Rethink Going to College
D
(2024·安徽省·期末考试)A British woman who won a ﹩1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher,said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution （变革）. "We are going to make a change," she said."I've started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools."
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School her place of work for the past twelve years. "I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up," she said. "We need artists .more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said： "Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary,he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project.He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. "It is absolutely necessary.The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity,and it is our creative spirit,our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries."
13.What will Zafirakou do with her prize money？ ______
A. Make a movie. B. Build new schools.
C. Run a project. D. Help local musicians.
14.What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools？ ______
A. It is particularly difficult.
B. It increases artists' income.
C. It opens children's mind.
D. It deserves greater attention.
15.What should be stressed in school education according to Schama？ ______
A. Moral principles. B. Interpersonal skills.
C. Creative abilities. D. Positive worldviews.
16.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Bring Artists to Schools
B. When Historians Meet Artists
C. Arts Education in Britain
D. The World's Best Arts Teacher
E
(2024·安徽省·期末考试)Many pupils in school think of science as just another subject on the time-table containing more facts to be learned.This is wrong.Science does not mean believing and remembering what other people tell us.The real scientist examines facts in order to find out the truth for himself.This is called the scientific method.
Let us see how scientists work and what is meant by the scientific method.In these days we hear a lot about science，but scientists，the men and women，who do the work and make the discoveries，seem distant and strange to us.Science often appears to be very difficult，and sometimes even a kind of magic.Certainly we feel we shall never be able to understand how it works.It is difficult of course，but I think we are wrong if we believe that we can not understand it.The important thing about the scientific method is that we get answers to questions by making tests.We do not just guess the answer or believe what anybody tells us.In fact，in simple ways we all use the scientific method every day.
We can see from very simple examples that the scientific method is not only for the use of a few people called scientists，but something we can all use with advantage.But patience and hard，careful work are necessary to find out the truth.
17.What does the text mainly talk about？ ______
A. The scientific method.
B. The science subject.
C. The scientific discoveries.
D. The real scientists.
18.Which of the following does the author agree with？ ______
A. We all understand how science works.
B. We are familiar with most scientists.
C. We sometimes feel science confusing.
D. We know answers by making guesses.
19.Who can use the scientific method？ ______
A. The scientists. B. School pupils.
C. The Scholars. D. Everyone.
20.What can we learn from the text？ ______
A. The scientific method is too difficult to use.
B. We can find out the truth from very simple examples.
C. Care and diligence is important for the scientific method.
D. The scientific method is only for the use of a few people.
F
(2024·安徽省·期末考试) If you could have one superpower, what would it be
Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength may sound silly, but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.
Every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.
They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make a difference in the lives of others.
We're not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor. Your lives are busy enough doing homework, playing sports, making friends, seeking after your dreams. But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do, don't be a bystander. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when you're older. But why not start now
Our own experience working together on health, development, and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives. It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.
21.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Your life style. B. Your life value.
C. Your trouble in life. D. Your life experience.
22.Why does the author say they are inspired every day
A. They possess different kinds of superpowers.
B. They have got the power to change the world.
C. Some people around them are making the world better.
D. There are many powerful people in their life and work.
23.What does the author stress in Paragraph 5
A. Learning more and contributing more to a cause.
B. Rising above self and acting to help others.
C. Working hard to get a bigger opportunity.
D. Trying your best to help the poor.
24.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.
B. Much more progress will be made in the near future.
C. The work on health is the most valuable experience.
D. People's efforts have been materially rewarded.
G
(2024·安徽省·入学测验)Parrots are prey animals, which means that other predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influences parrots' behavior in your house more than any other.
Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground. Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators. The most common predators of parrots include hawks, snakes, cats, monkeys, and bats. Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.
As prey animals, parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight. However, if this is not possible, they will fight with their powerful beaks to defend themselves.
Because their biggest enemy is the hawk, parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind. For this reason, it is wise to avoid quick, sudden movements near your bird. This is a built-in reaction not subject to logic or reason. Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in your bird's mind.
As prey animals, parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys, travel, and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.
25.What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild
A. Living in a group.
B. Growing beautiful feathers.
C. Feeding on the ground.
D. Avoiding coming out at night.
26.What is parrots' first response to an immediate risk
A. To attack back. B. To get away.
C. To protect the young. D. To play dead.
27.Why would a balloon frighten a parrot
A. It may explode suddenly.
B. It may be in a strange shape.
C. It may have a strong color.
D. It may move around quickly.
28.What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A. To explain wild parrots' behavior.
B. To give advice on raising a parrot.
C. To call for action to protect animals.
D. To introduce a study on bird ecology.
H
(2024·安徽省·入学测验) Vehicles on our roads are now mostly petrol and diesel(柴油) cars, but their days cannot continue for much longer. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 percent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 percent by 2020.
One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been "range anxiety" — drivers' concerns about running out of electricity on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems, the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said, charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.
Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed greatly over the last few years. Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their high prices drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity, recharging times, performance and price, the current generation of electric cars are starting to persuade picky consumers. Plug-in cars will soon give internal combustion engine(内燃机) models a run for their money.
As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery-powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial electric flight a reality.
Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions(排放). If the US could replace 87 percent of its cars with electric vehicles, it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 percent. However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles, they cannot claim to be completely emission-free. That said, as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles will become even cleaner.
29.What does the underlined word "hurdle" probably mean in Paragraph 2
A. Obstacle. B. Intention. C. Worry. D. Stage.
30.What will the future of plug-in cars be like
A. They will suffer disbelief because of battery capacity.
B. The high price will put the future of electric cars at risk.
C. They will not be widely promoted because of picky customers.
D. They will compete with petrol and diesel cars fiercely for markets.
31.What can we learn about in Paragraph 4
A. The history of electric travel.
B. Different ways electric vehicles can be used.
C. Reasons why the world needs more electric cars.
D. The trend that more people have interest in electric cars.
32.What is a suitable title for the text
A. Potentials of Petrol and Diesel Cars
B. Challenges Facing Electric Cars
C. A Cleaner Future on the Road
D. Best Means of Transportation
I
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins （企鹅） longing to say hello.These gentle,lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
Ever since her childhood,Ginni,now 71，has had a deep love for travel.Throughout her career（职业） as a professional dancer,she toured in the UK，but always longed to explore further.When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it was time totake the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts,Ginni began to travel the world,eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego,the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. "I just decided I wanted to go."she says, "I had no idea about what I'd find there and I wasn't nervous,I just wanted to do it.And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way."
In March 2008，Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she'd never met before,to begin the journey towards Antarctica."From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the whole experience was amazing.Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has," Ginni says,"I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale；it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater."
The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected by humans,was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
33.Which of the following best explains "take the plunge" underlined in paragraph 2？ ______
A. Try challenging things. B. Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories. D. Stick to a promise.
34.What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica？ ______
A. Lovely penguins. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare. D. A friend's invitation.
35.What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey？ ______
A. It could be a home for her.
B. It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved.
D. It needs to be fully introduced.
36.What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. A childhood dream.
B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world.
D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
J
Last summer holiday, Aunt Emily took us to a safari park（野生动物园）, not far from Liverpool.
I was very happy to go as I had never been to a safari park before. It's a very interesting park, full of wild animals running freely.
When we got there, we bought our tickets and drove into the park. We were very excited at the thought of going to see the lions. But to get to the lions' place we had to go through the monkeys' land first. And that was an unforgettable experience because they climbed all over the car, ate apples and bananas, and threw all kinds of things at us. They seemed very unfriendly.
Anyway, we went on our way to the lions' place where we had to lock ourselves in the car as we knew lions could be dangerous. A lion came up very close to us. Then it was on the bonnet（车盖）. It looked calm but we felt terrified. Aunt Emily, who isn't very brave, started to call for help. The kids started crying. Only my brother, George, stayed cool. I sounded the horn（喇叭）but nobody heard us.
In the end, a guard arrived in his car, and the lion just got off our car and started smelling the guard's hand as if nothing was the matter.
37.Which animal did the author want to see the most
A. The lions. B. The elephants.
C. The monkeys. D. All of them.
38.Why did they lock themselves in the car
A. Because the monkeys might steal things.
B. Because they were afraid of being robbed.
C. Because the lions might be dangerous.
D. Because something was wrong with the car.
39.What does the underlined word "terrified" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Excited. B. Bored. C. Interested. D. Scared.
40.Who stayed calm among the visitors when they met the lion
A. Aunt Emily. B. George. C. The guard. D. The author.
K
Eating a traditional Mediterranean-type diet—rich in foods such as seafood, fruit, and nuts—may help reduce the risk of dementia (痴呆) by almost a quarter, a new study has revealed.
Experts at Newcastle University found that individuals who ate a Mediterranean-like diet had up to 23% lower risk for dementia than those who did not. This research, published today in the journal BMC Medicine, is one of the biggest studies of its kind.
Scientists analyzed data from 60, 298 individuals from the UK Biobank, including individuals from across the UK, who had completed a dietary assessment. The authors scored individuals based on how closely their diet matched the key features of a Mediterranean one. The participants were followed for almost a decade, during which time there were 882 cases of dementia.
The authors considered each individual's genetic risk for dementia by estimating what is known as their polygenic (多基因的) risk—a measure of all the different genes that are related to the risk of dementia. They found that there were similar associations between sticking to Mediterranean diet and dementia risk in individuals with higher and lower genetic risk for his condition, which may indicate that even for those with a higher genetic risk, having a better diet could reduce the likelihood of developing the condition.
Dr Janice Ranson, joint lead author on the paper, said, "Dementia impacts the lives of millions of individuals throughout the world, and there are currently limited options for treating this condition. Our study shows a Mediterranean diet that has a high intake of healthy plant-based foods may be important for future strategies to reduce dementia risk. For example, the dementia prevention efforts could go beyond general healthy diet advice and focus on choosing specific foods and nutrients.
The authors caution that their analysis is limited to individuals who self-reported their ethnic background as white, British or Irish, as genetic data was only available based on European counties, and that further research is needed in a range of populations to determine the potential benefit.
41.What did scientists do during the study
A. They scored the Mediterranean diet.
B. They tracked the participants' health.
C. They collected data from 60,298 families.
D. They selected 882 potential dementia cases.
42.What can we infer about the Mediterranean diet from paragraph 4
A. Its effect is closely related to the polygenic risk.
B. It increases one's chance of developing dementia.
C. It can reduce dementia risk regardless of one's genetic risk.
D. It can provide protection against various genetic diseases.
43.What are Dr Janice Ranson's words mainly about
A. Values of the study.
B. Features of the study.
C. Elements of a healthy diet.
D. Ways to deal with dementia.
44.What will further research most probably focus on
A. Finding out more benefits of the Mediterranean diet.
B. Applying the findings to the treatment of dementia.
C. Involving participants of diverse races and nationalities.
D. Studying the rate of dementia within different age groups.
L
When I was 13, I climbed my first mountain — a fairly gentle 3, 900-foot peak. I was overweight at the time and out of breath when I reached the summit. But I loved challenging myself. Soon I'd climbed nearly 100 peaks. My parents were happy I'd finally found a hobby.
I often go climbing with my friend Mel Olsen. She and I drove to tackle 11,240-foot Mount Hood. It's safer to start winter climbs at night when there's less risk of the sun melting the snowpack. That day, we started at 3 a.m. At around 9 a.m., we reached an ice step. It was about three or four feet tall and sloped at a 75-degree angle. I volunteered to go first. I placed my left foot on the ice step.
I gained a sense of the ice when I stuck my ax and crampons (鞋底钉) into it, and it felt good. Confident I was safe, I put my full weight on it. Suddenly, I heard a crack, and as the snowpack became thinner, a whole piece of ice broke off the step, right under my foot.
In an instant, I fell backward, bouncing off the rock face and rolling down the mountain as if I were a character in a video game. I remember thinking, "This is it. You're done." I stuck out my arms and legs, grabbing at anything. That stopped my rolling down the mountain, but I was still sliding. After a few seconds, I came to a stop on a shallow slope.
I asked myself: Where are you Mount Hood. What's the date December 30. Good. My brain was functioning. Then I checked my body to see where I was hurt. For the most part, I was fine, except that I was suffering from a sharp pain in my left leg. Later I'd learn that I'd broken my femur (大腿骨) and that the bone was slicing into my skin and muscle.
At the bottom of Mount Hood, I was loaded into an ambulance and taken to a hospital. The doctors told me it would be a year before I could climb again, but I was back on the trails within six months.
45.Why did the author and her friend set out at 3 a.m.
A. It was the best time to enjoy scenery.
B. It was more challenging to climb at night.
C. They wanted to finish the climb before sunset.
D. They hoped to avoid some possible dangers.
46.Why is "a character in a video game" mentioned in paragraph 4
A. To show her strong character.
B. To make her idea more convincing.
C. To help readers imagine the scene.
D. To add to the humor of the description.
47.How did the author make sure she could still think clearly
A. By recalling what had happened.
B. By checking whether she was injured.
C. By telling an ambulance for rescue.
D. By asking herself some factual questions.
48.What can we learn about the author
A. She is too brave to pay attention to any danger.
B. She has a strong desire for professional knowledge.
C. Setbacks can't stop her from challenging herself.
D. The love for nature sets her apart from her friends.
M
For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddlers are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying "I like you" during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy ("Ben is crying. What's making him so sad "), then suggest how he could resolve the problem ("Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball. "). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him ("Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better. ").
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words—not fists—to express how they feel. It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they're refreshed.
49.What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior
A. They are interested in acting.
B. They are shy with the strangers.
C. They are fond of their playmates.
D. They are tired of playing games.
50.What does the author suggest parents do for their kids
A. Design games for them.
B. Find them suitable playmates.
C. Play together with them.
D. Help them understand social rules.
51.What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4
A. Giving examples. B. Explaining concepts.
C. Providing evidence. D. Making comparisons.
52.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. How Children Adapt to Changes
B. How to Be a Role Model for Children
C. How Your Baby Learns to Love
D. How to Communicate with Your Kid
N
A shark attacked a 14-year-old girl near a Florida beach on Saturday, though a surfer tried to save her. The surfer pulled the girl from bloody water and frightened the shark away with his fists(拳头).
Can sharks really smell blood in the water Yes. Sharks have a good sense of smell, and blood happens to be a very attractive smell. Sharks also use sight and hearing to discover their food. In particular, hungry sharks like to hear the sounds which are made by swimming fish. They also look for something bright. Attacks on people can sometimes be a case of mistaken recognition. Sometimes, a shark could confuse shining stones for food.
The sharks' eyes, ears, and nose are all near their mouth. But sharks also search for their food with sensory receptors(感受器). These receptors can feel any movement in the water. When a shark gets very close to a food, it can use electroreceptive organs(电觉器官), which sit the wall of little holes on the shark's nose. Living things in salty seawater produce a weak electrical field(电磁场) that the shark can feel at a short distance, so it allows the shark to find out creatures that bury themselves in the sea floor. Muscle(肌肉) movements also produce little electrical fields that a shark can feel.
The surfer who tried to save the girl said he protected himself by frightening away the shark with his fists. Is that a good idea Some experts think frightening away a shark with fists should only be the last choice. It won't be wise for you to stay still in water. Swimming away rapidly seems to be a better choice. If you can't swim away right away, hit the shark on the face or nose—where it has a high concentration of sensory receptors like humans—to drive off your attacker and give you enough time to escape. When you are beside a shark's face, try sticking your finger in its eyes.
53.Which of the following helps sharks search for food
A. Swimming quietly. B. A special kind of blood.
C. Working as a team. D. A good sense of smell.
54.What can we infer from paragraph 3
A. Sharks can feel movements from other creatures in seawater.
B. Sharks use sensory receptor more than smell to search for food.
C.
Sharks can't feel weak muscle movements from other creatures.
D.
Sharks can't find and attack creatures hiding in the sea floor.
55.What are we advised to do when we are attacked by a shark
A. Shout loudly and frighten it away.
B. Touch the shark's face gently.
C. Get away from it immediately.
D. Stay still to pretend to be dead.
56.Which section of a website is the text most probably taken from
A. Environment. B. Science.
C. Sport. D. Health.
O
Looking back, Geoff Banks of Devon, England can hardly even remember how he first started writing to his American friend, Celesta Byrne.
Geoff and Celesta were given each other s names and addresses as part of a school pen pal program back in 1938. They re both now 100 years old, and a lot has changed in the past 84 years: their age changed; their appearance changed; but one thing has not—they still use the traditional way to contact.
“I honestly struggle to remember something, but I was talking to Celesta recently and I think it was something to do with an American school s scheme,” Geoff said, “They matched us up with Americans for a pen pal relationship, and somehow I ended up with this letter from an American girl, and we ve just kept corresponding（通信）ever since.”
Geoff and Celesta s relationship never turned romantic, but they shared a lot over the decades. They kept up their correspondence through World War Ⅱ, sending updates about their families, friends, and work. In 2002, they finally got a chance to meet in person during a trip to New York City. Two years later, they met up again, but ever since then they ve gone back to pen and paper.
Recently, they ve switched to digital forms of communication to stay in touch. Their children have helped them set up email accounts. “I ve known this new thing called Zoom, I think, now to chat with her, but I leave all the technology to younger people. Deep down, I refuse to use Zoom. Writing to Celesta has been a source of great satisfaction for me over the years,” said Geoff.
Celesta says their relationship is “like people who live next door”. “You know how they re doing, you say a few words, and then you both go to work,” she explained. “She s always been there to write to, even if it was just birthday cards and Christmas cards,” Geoff added.
57.What do Geoff and Celesta insist on doing over the 80 years
A. Sending cards.
B. Writing to each other.
C. Enjoying telling jokes.
D. Struggling to remember things.
58.What do Geoff Banks words in Paragraph 3 tell us
A. When they ran a scheme. B. Why they liked writing.
C. What they both liked to do. D. How they got in touch.
59.Which of the following can best describe the relationship between Geoff and Celesta
A. stable and romantic. B. harmonious but short.
C. close and lasting. D. difficult but satisfying.
60.What is the purpose of this text
A. To introduce a way to make friends.
B. To teach us skills of writing letters.
C. To tell us a tale of lifelong friends.
D. To stress the power of technology.
P
Claire Wyatt, a 24-year-old British volunteer,led eight Cambodians living with disabilities on a 155-mile bike ride from Phnom Penh, the nation's capital, to Siem Reap to raise money and deliver supplies to those in need in the coronavirus pandemic（新冠病毒大流行）.
"Leading this trip was an incredibly special experience for me," said Claire. "Not only was I encouraged by the determination of each and every rider, but also the team taught me every day not to focus on their disability."
When she was first asked to lead the trip, Claire admitted, she was feeling nervous about her team traveling such a distance in just a few days because cycling with a disability can come with added physical and emotional challenges.
One team member named Dy, who lost an arm in an accident, biked using just one arm to balance. Another named Vulta could only pedal on one side due to polio（小儿麻痹）. Despite all the difficulties, Claire realized quickly that she didn't have to worry about her team. She saw them deal with rough area that she had seen abled cyclists give up on before.
The volunteers covered the distance in just four days, not only helping so many people across the country, but also overcoming huge difficulties to get there.
"The best thing about this ride is that the riders have all volunteered their time to do this. They are so enthusiastic about Cambodia and raising money for others in need," said Claire. "The money raised will feed 99 families in Siem Reap."
Claire recalled her favorite moment of the experience,when one of the cyclists pushed an exhausted teammate up a hill for 2 miles. "One moment that stood out for me was when Naret, our only female rider, was feeling tired," she said. "Her fellow rider gently put his hand on her back and pushed her for 2 miles! They were encouraging each other to push through the tiredness."
61.Why did Claire and eight Cambodians cycle 155 miles？ ______
A. To challenge themselves.
B. To help out needy people.
C. To take part in a competition.
D. To raise money for the disabled.
62.What worried Claire before the ride？ ______
A. She might be injured on the road.
B. She would be unable to lead the team.
C. Her team might be looked down on.
D. Her team couldn't finish the route.
63.Which of the following can best describe the team？ ______
A. Confident, calm and friendly.
B. Honest, patient and open-minded.
C. Strong-minded, brave and caring.
D. Curious, creative and experienced.
64.What did Claire think of the journey？ ______
A. It could have taken less time.
B. It was amazing and inspiring.
C. It changed her idea about human nature.
D. It was more difficult than she had expected.
Q
In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: "I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument—and that is to avoid it." This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives—and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions—like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.
However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.
These tools can help you win every argument—not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments—from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other—then we change the very nature of what it means to "win" an argument.
65.What is the author's attitude toward Carnegie's understanding of argument
A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Uncertain.
66.Why do many people try to avoid arguments
A. They lack debating skills.
B. They may feel bad even if they win.
C. They fear being ignored.
D. They are not confident in themselves.
67.What does the underlined phrase "spell out" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Defend. B. Explain. C. Conclude. D. Repeat.
68.What is the key to "winning" an argument according to the author
A. Sense of logic.
B. Solid supporting evidence.
C. Proper manners.
D. Understanding from both sides.
R
There are just two species of flowering plant native to the Antarctic peninsula（半岛），which are now growing at record rates as temperatures rise and ice begins to melt，according to a new study.One is Antarctic hair grass，which grew as much in 2009—2019 as it had in the previous 50 years；the other is Antarctic pearl wort，which has seen the speed of growth increase five times over the same period.
A team led by Nicoletta Cannone，a researcher from the University of Insubria，Italy，measured the growth of Antarctica's two native plants at sites on Signy Island.The results were shocking：the sites have not only seen faster growth，but they have become more densely populated by the plants each year，which indicates the climate has got warmer.
According to nonprofit Discovering Antarctica，the region's temperatures have warmed by an average of 3°C as a result of human-caused climate change，meaning once stable ice shelves are now narrowing down.In some parts，that has given way to land now habitable to the two plant species.
Peter Convey，at the British Antarctic Survey，told the New Scientist："The most novel feature of this is not that something is growing faster but that we're starting to see what is almost like a step change or a tipping point." And Matthew Davey，at the Scottish Association for Marine Science in Oban，UK，added："Increasing expansion is now clearly evident in the region.This research gives us the first all-sided data showing how fast and how dense the plant community may expand."
The researchers acknowledged there could be other factors at play causing the plants' growth，such as the decreasing fur seal population—but this also is linked to climate change.Meanwhile，as the land becomes more habitable，non-native species could also occupy the land and grow more than native plants，which could in turn destabilize long-established local ecosystems.
"If we estimate what we observed on Signy Island to other sites in Antarctica，a similar process can also occur，" said Cannone"This means the Antarctic landscape and biodiversity could change rapidly.And that really concerns all."
69.According to the article，what factors play a role in the fast growth of the two native plants？ ______
A. The climate getting warmer.
B. The fur seal population rising.
C. The non-native plants occupying the land.
D. The quality of the soil of the land improving.
70.What does the underlined word"destabilize"mean in the last paragraph but one？ ______
A. Strengthen. B. Change. C. Benefit. D. Narrow.
71.What's the researchers' main concern regarding the growth of flowering plants in Antarctica？ ______
A. The decrease of fur seal population.
B. The occupation of non-native species.
C. The impact of human-caused climate change.
D. The rapid change in Antarctic landscape and biodiversity.
72.Which of the following is the suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Scientists Working in Antarctica.
B. Native Flowering Plants in Antarctica.
C. The Effect of Global Warming on Antarctica.
D. Non-native Plant Species in Antarctica.
S
You can get a clear picture about Deep Work by Cal Newport in 5 minutes. Deep Work tells us professional activities performed in a state of distraction-free concentration that push your cognitive(认知的) capabilities to their limit. These efforts create new value and improve your skill. The ability to perform deep work is becoming increasingly rare at exactly the same time it is becoming increasingly valuable in our economy. As a consequence, the few who develop the skill, and then make it the core of their working life, will thrive(蓬勃发展).
The book tells us the core abilities for thriving in the new economy, which are the ability to quickly master hard things, the ability to produce a high level, in terms of both quality and speed. If you can't learn, you can't thrive. If you don't produce, you won't thrive—no matter how skilled or talented you are. If you haven't mastered deep work, you'll struggle to learn hard things. To learn hard things quickly, you must focus intensely without distraction.
The key to developing a deep work habit is to move beyond good intentions and add routines and habits to your working life designed to minimize a state of unbroken concentration. To master the art of deep work, therefore, you must take back control of your time and attention from the many entertainments on the Internet that attempt to steal them. Adopt a tool only if its positive impacts on these factors substantially outweigh its negative impacts. It's crucial that you figure out in advance what you're going to do with your evenings and weekends before they begin.
In the end of Deep Work, we can know that the ability to concentrate is a skill that gets valuable things done. If you' re struggling to use your mind to its fullest capacity to create things that matter, then you'll discover, as others have before you, that depth generates a life rich with productivity and meaning.
73.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Background information. B. Specific examples.
C. Positive influence. D. Theoretical introduction.
74.What should you do to thrive in the new economy
A. Cooperate with coworkers.
B. Cultivate your skills and talents.
C. Keep in the best state at what you do.
D. Learn to deal with challenges.
75.Which of the following can develop a habit of deep work
A. Avoiding any distraction.
B. Taking advantage of a tool.
C. Planning what to do beforehand.
D. Forming a simple habit.
76.What is the text
A. A book review. B. An exam paper.
C. A news report. D. An economic article.
T
The groundbreaking Shaoxing Opera adaptation, New Dragon Gate Inn(客栈), captures the interest of a new generation and brings the ancient art form for contemporary lifestyles back to life.
Unlike the traditional framed stage, the theater is designed as an inn, with the audience becoming guests. They sit close to the performers, engaging with them, and immersing themselves in a unique and fascinating viewing experience. "This places new demands on our performers," said Xu Yena, who acts in the show as the A cast of Jin Xiangyu, the landlady of the inn. "We need to abandon many of the stylized movements from traditional Shaoxing Opera and learn from drama and film performances, adopting a more natural, authentic, and subtle acting style."
Upon leaving the theater, these audience members feel a sense of satisfaction that prompts them to willingly share short clips of the performance online. The fragmented content of performance has generated many streams and clicks, leading to high demand for show tickets, especially among young audiences. "Now, the ticket competition has become fierce and only those with fast internet access can get them," said Chen Lijun, who plays the important supporting role of Jia Ting.
As both Xiaobaihua (a Shaoxing Opera troupe(剧团)) and Japan's renowned Takarazuka Revue are all-female troupes, some internet users have drawn parallels between the two, likening Chen to "China's Amami Yuki", a former acclaimed male-role actress in the Japanese troupe.
In response, Chen said, "All good performances are worth learning from. Our two troupes share many similarities, but there are also fundamental differences, rooted in the cultural heritage of our respective theatrical traditions."
A report by Xinhua News Agency states that Generation Z makes up 74 percent of consumers of guochao goods or China-chic goods last year. As a cultural product, New Dragon Gate Inn has successfully won the hearts of the young generation due to the contemporary nature of the show.
"Shaoxing Opera once borrowed and learned from Peking Opera and Kunqu Opera. Today, we draw inspiration from a broader range of artistic forms and expression techniques," Xu said.
"New Dragon Gate Inn has successfully drawn many nontraditional theatergoers, particularly young people. Seeking novelty has always been what Shaoxing Opera has been doing."
77.Who became a new challenge for the performers while they were acting in Shaoxing Opera
A. The internet users making comparison online.
B. The other troupe performing more natural and authentic.
C. The guests immersing themselves on the central stage.
D. The audience positioned right next to the performers.
78.How did Chen respond to her nickname "China's Amami Yuki"
A. By joyfully accepting it.
B. By respectfully using it.
C. By politely denying it.
D. By objectively clarifying it.
79.According to Xu Yena, Shaoxing Opera has made a positive step in regaining its popularity, mainly depending on _______.
A. integration and innovation
B. specially designed theater
C. actresses' popularity online
D. adaptation and advertisement
80.What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Generation Z Dominates the Market of Guochao
B. New Dragon Gate Inn Returns to Live Stage
C. Shaoxing Opera's Modern Twist Wows Youth
D. Nontraditional Theatergoers Flood into Theater
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】D、B、A、B
【解析】（1）D. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容"Half of the participants were asked to shade in shapes on a piece of paper at the same time, without paying attention to neatness, while the rest were given no such instructions."可知，在实验中，一半的参与者被要求同时在纸上给形状涂上阴影，不注意整洁，而剩下的人没有得到这样的指示，即：有一部分参与者可以在纸上随意涂画。选项D"Some were instructed to make random drawings on paper.（一些参与者被要求在纸上随意画画。） "与原文内容表达信息一致。故选D项。
（2）B. 词义猜测题。根据划线单词句之后存在了"but"句，可知，"but"句与划线句应是转折关系。分析"But my research suggests that in everyday life doodling may be something we do because it helps to keep us on track with a boring task, rather than being an unnecessary distraction that we should try to resist doing.（但我的研究表明，在日常生活中，涂鸦可能是我们做的事情，因为它有助于让我们跟上无聊的任务，而不是一个不必要的我们应该努力抵制的分心。） "可知，but句在解释涂鸦的对于"无聊任务"的有益作用，因此可推知，划线单词"impaired"应是与but句中的"help"为反义词关系，"impaired"可以理解为"没有帮助"或"损害"含义，与选项B"Weakened.（变弱）"表达含义一致。A. Improved提高；B. Weakened减弱；C．Stopped停止；D．Repaired修理。故选B项。
（3）A. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容"But my research suggests that in everyday life doodling may be something we do because it helps to keep us on track with a boring task, rather than being an unnecessary distraction that we should try to resist doing."可知，Jackie Andrade的研究表明，在日常生活中，涂鸦有助于跟上无聊的任务，而不是一个不必要的分心；文章第五段内容"but after teaching kids with all personality types he learned scribbling away during lectures helps certain students remember more information."可知，Dan Ware在教授了所有性格类型的孩子之后，了解到在课堂上涂鸦有助于某些学生记住更多信息。因此可推知，在他们看来，涂鸦是有助于在任务中或课堂中集中精力的。故选A项。
（4）B. 标题归纳题。根据文章体裁为说明文，文章结构为总分结构可知，文章首段提出主旨要义：But doodling while listening can help with remembering details, rather than implying that the mind is wandering, according to a study published in the scientific journal Applied Cognitive Psychology.（但是根据发表在科学期刊《应用认知心理学》上的一项研究，边听边涂鸦有助于记忆细节，而不是暗示走神。）可知，本文主要讲述了涂鸦对于记忆是有益的，同时文章的其他段落分别从 Jackie Andrade的实验和教师Dan Ware的教学经历两个方面进行了该主题的阐述。选项B"Doodling Can Help Memory Recall（涂鸦可以帮助记忆）"贴合主旨要义，为最佳标题。故选B项。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了与传统思维认为的边听边涂鸦是走神的表现不同，实质上边听边涂鸦是有助于记忆的，教授Jackie Andrade的实验和教师Dan Ware的教学经历进行了该观点的证实。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
5~8.【答案】A、C、C、A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了今年71岁的吉妮从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱。在她作为职业舞蹈演员的生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索。当她退休了，孩子们也成家立业了，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。
1. 根据划线词前文Throughout her career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further可知，在她作为职业舞蹈演员的生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索。故此处指Ginni在退休和儿子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。故选A。
2. 根据第三段中的And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego（正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票。）可知，是一张折扣船票让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。
3. 根据最后一段The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans可知，Ginni意识到南极洲是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重。即旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。
4. 通读全文尤其是第二段的Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel可知，文章主要介绍了今年71岁的吉妮从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱。在她作为职业舞蹈演员的生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索。当她退休了，孩子们也成家立业了，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。由此可知，A项“童年的梦想”能够概括文章主旨。故选A。
9~12.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管鼓励学生在高中毕业后继续深造是一种高尚而善意的行为，但美国现行的教育制度却产生了一些破坏性的副作用。文章分别从学费、学位价值、对经济结构带来的影响等方面指出上大学的负面影响。
1. 根据第二段内容（最大和最著名的后果是学生债务。自1999年以来，四年制大学的学杂费上涨了54%左右。据估计，美国的学生债务总额约为1.6万亿美元，以至于即使是世界首Jeff Bezos也必须将自己的财富增加近9倍才能还清所有债务。）可推知，作者是通过给出数字来支持他在第二段中的论点。故选B。
2. 根据第三段中的Although the price of acquiring a bachelor's degree has gone up, the relative value of having the actual degree has been watered down by the fact that holding a degree is now an expectation, not a bonus.（尽管获得学士学位的成本已经上涨，但拥有实际学位的相对价值已经被watered down ，因为拥有学位现在是一种期望，而不是一种奖励。）及划线词上下文猜测可知，Although后的从句部分强调获取学位的代价在攀升，则主句部分内容应与从句形成语义上的对比，故可推断出学位的价值却在“减少”，故划线词意思是“减少”。故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的The push for students to go to college has also prevented them from considering careers in important fields that don't necessarily require a four-year degree, such as construction and manufacturing.（推动学生上大学也阻碍了他们考虑在不一定需要四年制学位的重要领域就业，比如建筑和制造业。）可知，上大学的趋势让学生远离建筑等行业。故选C.
4. 根据第一段中的For decades, the message to students in the United States has been nearly the same: You need to go to college. Students have heard this message loud and clear, ever since their childhood.（几十年来，美国学生得到的信息几乎都是一样的：你必须上大学。学生们从小就清楚地听到这个信息）及结合全文可知，认为一味提倡年轻人去上大学会带来负面影响，并分别从学费、学位价值、对经济结构带来的影响等方面加以论证。D选项“为什么我们应该重新考虑上大学”体现了本文的主旨大意，适合作文章标题。故选D。
13~16.【答案】C、A、C、A
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher,said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution. "We are going to make a change,"she said."I've started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools"（伦敦北部中学教师Andria Zafirakou表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。"我们将做出改变，"她说。"我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。"）"可知，Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据文章第三段"The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort-whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star-into schools to work with and inspire children.（许多学校很难让任何类型的艺术家——无论是当地崭露头角的音乐家还是主要的电影明星——进入学校，与孩子们一起工作并激励他们，因此才有了这个项目。）"可知，Craig-Martin认为，英国学校的艺术教学尤其困难。故选A。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"It is absolutely necessary.The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.（这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人。）"可知，Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。
（4）A.标题归纳题。根据文章第二段"Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary schoolteacher,said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution."We are going to make a change,"she said."I've started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools."（伦敦北部中学教师AndriaZafirakou表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。"我们将做出改变，"她说。"我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。"）"可知，文章讲述了Andria Zafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万英镑的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
17~20.【答案】A、C、D、C
【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Science does not mean believing and remembering what other people tell us.The real scientist examines facts in order to find out the truth for himself.This is called the scientific method.（科学并不意味着相信和记住别人告诉我们的东西。真正的科学家检查事实是为了自己找出真相。这就是所谓的科学方法。）可知本文主要讲述了科学不只是记住别人告诉我们的事实，而是通过实验和观察来找出真相的方法。因此本文的主旨大意是A.The scientific method.（科学的方法）。故答案为A。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段In these days we hear a lot about science，but scientists，the men and women，who do the work and make the discoveries，seem distant and strange to us.Science often appears to be very difficult，and sometimes even a kind of magic（如今，我们听到很多关于科学的事情，但是科学家，那些从事工作和做出发现的男男女女，对我们来说似乎是遥远而陌生的。科学常常显得非常困难，有时甚至是一种魔法）可知作者同意我们有时感到科学令人困惑。故答案为C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第二段In fact，in simple ways we all use the scientific method every day.（事实上，简单地说，我们每天都在使用科学方法。）可知每个人都能使用科学方法。故答案为D。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段We can see from very simple examples that the scientific method is not only for the use of a few people called scientists，but something we can all use with advantage.But patience and hard，careful work are necessary to find out the truth.（我们可以从非常简单的例子中看出，科学方法不仅仅是供少数被称为科学家的人使用的，而是我们所有人都可以有利地使用的东西。但是耐心和艰苦细致的工作是查明真相所必需的。）可知细心和勤奋对科学方法很重要。故答案为C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了科学不只是记住别人告诉我们的事实，而是通过实验和观察来找出真相的方法。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
21~24.【答案】B、C、B、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文鼓励人们奉献自己的一些时间和精力去帮助别人，人们的生活将会变得更美好。
词句猜测题。根据文章开始提到的If you could have one superpower, what would it be 如果你有超能力，它将会是什么呢？Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength may sound silly梦想着是否你想读懂心思，透视墙壁，或有超能力，这些可能听起来是愚蠢的，but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.但是它实际上是在你的生活中真正重要的核心，也就是你生活的价值。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段Every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.每天在我们的工作中，我们会受到一些人的鼓舞，他们在做一些改善世界的事情。故选C。
3. 段落大意题。根据第五段中w