天津市部分区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

天津市部分区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
天津市和平区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（含解析）
第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题; 每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you looking for a fun day out in New York at a reasonable price Then look no further than the amusement parks situated at. the historic Coney Island entertainment center in New York City, offering something for the whole family to enjoy here, including games, rides and restaurants. For non-stop entertainment, Coney Island is the place to be!
Astroland Amusement Park Astroland is located on the Coney Island Boardwalk, right beside the beach. There are more than 30 exciting rides to try. Step inside our Haunted House, where ghosts and ghoul s will have a terrifying effect on those brave enough to enter! Experience the wet and wild excitement of our giant Water Flume water slide! Be ready to scream when you ride our Cyclone Roller Coaster! And when it’s time to eat, choose from one of the many restaurants or fast-food outlets situated in the park. You can also bring picnic lunch and eat it in the grounds of Astroland if you wish. Admission and Opening Times Individual tickets for rides: $1.75-$4 Noon to midnight Pay One Price(POP) ticket: $12.99 for unlimited rides Easter to 15th June: weekends only Special group rates also available 16th June to early September daily How do I get there You can drive or take the subway. On-site parking is available.
Deno’s Wonder Wheel Park The Wonder Wheel in Deno’s Park, which was built in 1920, is 45 meters high and has 24 cars. It offers a panoramic (全景的) view of the surrounding area that has delighted and impressed visitors, for more than seven decades. As well as the Wonder Wheel there are another 24 rides in the park, such as the High-Flyer and the Thunderbolt. We also cater for youngsters with our specially created Kiddy Park-the largest children’s park on Coney Island. Admission and Opening Times Entry to the park is free. You pay separately for each ride you take. The park is open from 11 am. until midnight seven days a week, from the beginning of May to the end of September. In April and October, the park opens at weekends only. How do I get there We are on the boardwalk between the hot dog restaurant and the aquarium (水族馆). If you are driving, we are only minutes away from Manhattan Island. If. you are using New York City’s excellent public transport system, getting to Coney Island is easy with a MetroCard. Your MetroCard is valid for travel on the subway or on any New York City Transit Bus.
31. What do we know about the Astroland’s POP ticket
A. Though expensive, it is more convenient.
B. It can be used for the whole year around.
C. It can be repeatedly used for many times.
D. It can be used for public transport as well.
32. Which Park would a family with younger children probably choose to visit
A. Water Flume slide in Haunted House
B. Astroland Amusement Park
C. Coney Island Boardwalk
D. Deno’s Wonder Wheel Park
33. Which of the following is the passage probably taken from
A. A tour brochure.
B. A safety regulations.
C. A travel journal.
D. A traffic guide.
B
Packing up her bedroom in Virgin a Beach, Douglas had to say goodbye to her family, to her two dogs, and to the beach, where she loved to ride waves on her boogie board. But it was time to take the leap, however, heartbreaking and awkward it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that.
So off she went about 1.200 miles to West Des Moines, Iowa, to train with a coach from China and live with a white family she had never been met. When she arrived,\Douglas thought that she must be the only black person in the state.
“I was unpacking and saying, ‘What am I doing ’”said Douglas, who is 16.“it was like:’Where do I put everything Where are the spoons ’ I’d wake up and say, ‘This is my bed, where am I ’”
Liang Chow, who had coached the Olympic gold medalist Shawn Johnson, transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport. And a couple with four young daughters became her second family, nurturing her in low a while her real family|supported her from afar,(遥远地).
That move also was important in Douglas’s making history. By winning the Olympic all-round title, she became the first black woman to do so. She also became the fourth American woman to win the all-round, following Mary Lou Rettonjin 1984, Carly Patternson in 2004 and Nastia Liukin in 2008.
Douglas won, scoring 62.232 points, and led the competition from beginning to end.’Viktoria Komova, who sobbed into her coach’s chest when she learned she had lost, won the silver, with 61.973 points. Aliya Mustafina. the 2010 world all-round champion, won the bronze with 59.566 points. The other American in the competition, Aly Raisman finished fourth after losing a tiebreaker(决胜局) to Mustafina.
Douglas said she had felt confident all along that she would win.“It was just an amazing feeling,”she said,“I was just like, believe, don’t fear, believe.”
34. Douglas left her home at 14 because she
A. didn’t like her dogs
B. needed training to make a difference
C. wanted to live with her second family
D. wanted to become the only black champion in the state
35. When Douglas first arrived at the new home, she felt .
A. uneasy B. excited
C. independent D. tired
36. What can we learn about the competition mention ed in the passage
A. Komova felt stressed during the game and lost her heart.
B. Douglas stayed ahead throughout the whole game.
C. Aliya came from America and won the third place.
D. Most of the competitors were from America.
37. Which of the following statements about|Douglas is TRUE
A. She was the first American woman to win the all-around.
B. She was the only black person in the state of Iowa.
C. Her family didn’t like the idea of her becoming a gymnast.
D Her move to Iowa brought her the chance to succeed.
C
You sitting in the classroom waiting for the teacher to pass out the tests, the door opened and a man walked in, but he wasn’t the regular teacher. You tried to say that you were in the wrong place, but couldn’t open the mouth. You kept trying but it was useless. Finally, you yelled, “Wait!”. Then you opened the eyes and realized it was only a crazy dream.
What happens to our minds and bodies when we’re asleep To find out, scientists have set up “sleep laboratories.”, where scientists use machines to keep track of people’s heartbeats, watch their muscular (肌肉的) movements and their brainwaves are recorded too.
Scientists believe that people go through five stages of sleep. All five stages are repeated four to six times each night. Stage one is a very light sleep. But stage four is the deepest sleep of all. If you’re very tired, you will spend a lot of time in stage four. Then you pass into the fifth state. Your heart starts beating faster. Your eyes move back and forth very quickly under closed lids. You are dreaming.
The fifth stage is called REM sleep, which stands for Rapid Eye Movement. How do scientists know all this They work with sleep volunteers. If you were a sleep volunteer, this is what scientists would do. Every time you went into REM sleep, they would wake you up. After a few nights, you might start going into REM sleep sooner and more often than usual. The scientists would be kept very busy trying to wake you up. They might think you were trying hard to make up for the lost dream time!
What this may mean is that people need to dream just as they need to sleep. When you’ve been asleep, your mind doesn’t turn off. It keeps on thinking. And your sleeping mind turns your thoughts into a technicolor movie with sound, lights, and a huge cast. Sometimes you may dream you are being chased by something you can’t see. Sometimes you may fall without getting hurt. And in some dreams, your best friend turns into a monster, or your cat talks.
Dreams can be scary, funny, or just plain boring. But what do they mean In ancient times, people said dreams told them about the future. Today most experts think that dreams teach people about themselves. You may not understand all your dreams, but at least you can enjoy them. In your dreams, you can discover a whole other world!
38. What is the purpose of setting up sleep laboratories
A. To watch and take care of people while they are asleep.
B. To find out what happens to our minds and bodies when we are asleep.
C. To find out the five stages of sleep.
D. To find out what’s REM sleep.
39. From Paragraph 3 we know that
A. the same dream may repeat all the time
B. people dream only when they are tired
C. everyone dreams at night
D. when you dream you are in the deepest sleep
40. According to the passage, why are scientists busy waking up volunteers during the test
A. To disrupt their sleep patterns.
B. To monitor the occurrence of dreaming.
C. To ensure they sleep well enough.
D. To observe their muscular movements.
41. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage
A. Dreams can be mysterious and unpredictable.
B. Dream analysis has been consistent throughout history.
C. Experts believe dreams provide self-insight.
D. People enjoy dreams even if they don’t understand them.
D
Positive psychology is a relatively new sub-field of psychology that focuses on human strengths and the things that make life worth living ——to move beyond surviving to flourishing (昌盛, 茂盛). Theorists and researchers in the field have sought to identify the elements of a good life. They have also proposed and tested practices for improving life satisfaction and well-being. While psychologists have studied topics like happiness, optimism,and other human strengths for decades, positive psychology wasn’t officially identified as a branch of psychology until 1998 when Martin Seligman was elected president of the American Psychological Association (APA). Seligman called for research into what makes normal people’s lives positive and fulfilling. He stated that psychology should be just as concerned with nurturing the good things in life as it was with healing the bad. From these ideas positive psychology was born.
Today, positive psychology is sometimes confused with self-help movements. However, positive psychology is a science.Positive psychologists don’t wish to discard the study of human problems. They simply wish to add the study of what’s good in life to the field.
Despite its ongoing popularity, positive psychology has been criticized for a number of different reasons. First, humanistic (人本主义) psychologists have argued that Seligman is claiming credit for the work previously done in humanistic psychology. Also, some have said that the research produced by the sub-field is invalid or overstated. Similarly, some claim that positive psychology fails to take individual differences into account. Instead presenting findings as it they will work for everyone in the same way.
Finally, some have suggested that positive psychology is limited by cultural bias (偏见). Positive psychology’s findings often come from a middle-class perspective that ignores. issues such as systemic inequality and poverty. Recently, however, attempts have been made to expand the findings in positive psychology to incorporate (合并) perspectives from non-Western countries and a diversity of backgrounds.
42. What can we learn about the Positive psychology from the first paragraph
A. Positive psychology is finding a new way for humans to survive.
B. Psychologists have already studied positive psychology for decades.
C. It was in 1998 that positive psychology became a branch of psychology study.
D. Positive psychology focuses on both human strengths and problems.
43. What. does the underlined word “discard” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Abandon. B. Explore.
C. Divide. D. Evaluate.
44. How is the future development of positive psychology according to the last paragraph
A. Steady. B. Promising.
C. Uncertain. D. Fruitless.
45. What is the best title of the passage
A. Positive psychology—make life worth/living.
B. Psychology development and culture diversity.
C. Seligman and his lifelong study.
D. Psychology study and daily life.
天津市南开区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量监测英语试题（含解析）
第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
A
Social Media Detox
Moderator(主持人)
Today marks the last day of the Social Media Detox, Brenton High’s fundraising campaign for new sports equipment. At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. This meant no messaging friends, no posting photos, no blogging - nothing. They had been promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media. They were excited. They were nervous. But could they do it
With the detox finished, they’ve switched on their devices and they’re back online. I bet you’re as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days! And what, if anything, have been learnt from the experience
Anna 17
I lasted two days. The detox was more difficult to tolerate than I had expected. I felt like I had lost an arm! Not eating for two days would have been easier! But on reflection, I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. I’m now trying to spend less time online and more time picking up my hobbies.
Devon 16
I lasted four days. On Monday, our classmate and I spoke about what we did at the weekend — it felt strange not to already know what he had done. We would have posted pictures and updated our profiles. Doing the detox meant we had to talk and explain what we were doing and thinking! It made me realise the value of real contact that I had forgotten.
Cindy 18
I managed the whole week! At first, I really felt I was missing out. Then, instead of messaging my friend, I went around to her house. Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours. Without being distracted by messages from other people, it felt so good! Then I decided to visit a different friend every day. By the fifth day, I wondered – was I really missing out by not constantly checking my phone to see what everyone else was up to
George 16
I did all seven days, too! To be honest, I didn’t find the detox too difficult, but I did give my phone to my father to avoid giving in! My brother thought I should make full use of the time without my phone; so he took me to check out our local sports centre. An hour’s sport each day left me tired out and sent me early to bed. The detox made me healthier!
Max 17
I’m embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day! I knew there was a party happening that evening, but I without access to social media I couldn’t remember where it was! In the end, I turn on my phone to check, but couldn’t resist having a quick look at my social media accounts. What’s worse, I then spent so much time catching up on news, I almost missed the party.
Moderator(主持人)
The detox raised a total of $1,632.82 for. new school sports equipment! Well done, everyone who took part! After, reading the posts on this forum, it seems that something rather than money has also been raised through the detox. Awareness of just how much we rely on social media can help us step away from it and communicate with each other better.
36. What was Devon’s reflection on the Social Media Detox
A. He realised the value of real contact.
B. He felt healthier because of the detox.
C. He found it more difficult to tolerate than expected.
D. He thought too much of his time had been occupied by the phone.
37. What was George’s attitude towards stopping using social media
A. Critical. B. Irresponsible. C. Positive. D. Unwilling.
38. Who lasted the shortest among the five students
A. Max. B. George. C. Devon. D. Anna.
39. Which is not the benefit of the Social Media Detox program according to the passage
A. Strengthening family relationships.
B. Raising money for new sports equipment.
C. Sharpening students’ communication skills.
D. Reducing students’ reliance on social media.
40 What will the money raised by the detox be spent for
A. Phones. B. Picking up hobbies.
C. Sports equipment. D. Putting up posts.
B
That morning, I dropped our eldest at kindergarten and returned home to let our two younger children play while I worked on my medical report. It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster (领养) mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.
On Monday morning, I picked up the phone and dialed the number I had googled for the nearest Department of Children's Services. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps.
Five long months after we were approved, the phone rang. In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's' Hospital. Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition. It didn't take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care.
On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized. These two amazing children weren't going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family, and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children.
41. How did the author feel about her hospital work
A. Unusually demanding. B. Lacking in motivation.
C. Filled with challenges. D. Packed with chances.
42. What led the author to decide to adopt children
A. She wanted to make a difference in other people.
B. She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew.
C. She felt confident about her ability to raise children.
D. She experienced training to raise children properly.
43. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2
A. The foster parents must be healthy and well-educated.
B. It was impossible to go through all the endless process.
C. The man on the phone was nice and gave clear instructions.
D. The home visits and background checks would take eight weeks.
44. What does the underlined word "placement" in Paragraph3 refer to
A. The child to be adopted. B. The need to get trained.
C. The approval of adoption. D. The official at the hospital.
45. Why did the author appear at the courtroom
A. To put the adopted kids elsewhere. B. To receive another adopted child.
C. To begin the kids' adoption in her home. D. To make the adoption officially legal.
C
The Right and Left Brain
It is common today to identify, in some way, with one side of the brain. You may think, for example, that you are more “right brain” than “left”. When we make such statements, we are referring to the fact that the two halves of the human brain deal with information from the senses, and hence the world, in different ways. In general, the left hemisphere(半球)is responsible for our processing of language and logic and the right deals with aspects of thought like emotions and spatial(空间的)relationships. The hemispheres also control our movements, though the left hemisphere controls the right side of our bodies, and vice versa.
The fact that the two hemispheres of the brain work in different ways on different tasks is a relatively new discovery. That discovery was made by a psychobiologist(精神生物学家)named Roger Sperry and it won him a Nobel Prize in 1981. Sperry uncovered the inner workings of normal brains by studying the brain function of people who had a certain kind of brain damage. In most brains, the nerves, which serves as a “bridge” of sorts between the two hemispheres; allowing them to communicate with each other. The people Sperry studied had had their corpus callosa cut, and because of this, their left and right brains couldn’t exchange information.
In a famous experiment, Sperry showed one such subject two pictures. The subject saw a picture of a knife with his right eye(controlled by the left brain)and a picture of a spoon with his left(controlled by the right). When asked to name what he saw, the subject said knife, because it is the left brain that deals with language and the naming of things. However, when asked to reach over with his left hand to a nearby table on which was placed both a knife and a spoon, and choose, without looking, the object he saw, the subject chose the spoon. This is because his left eye (controlled by the right brain)saw the spoon and his left hand(also controlled by the right brain)chose this rather than the knife. The subject himself was not at all conscious of the fact that he was seeing and choosing two different objects.
Until recently, it was thought that there was a strict division of labour. Today, however, we are aware that, for example, while the left brain is responsible for most of the language functions, the right brain plays a role in some language functions like following a story and interpreting humour. Tasks such as face recognition require both halves in different ways. Unfamiliar faces are interpreted and processed by the right hemisphere while familiar faces are processed and recognized by the left. Similarly, non-musicians will interpret a melody with their right brain, but musicians will process music with their left.
46. The right hemisphere of the human brain is responsible for ______.
A. language B. emotions
C. sense of touch D. the right side of the body
47. Roger Sperry studied _______.
A. the connection between vision and touch
B. people with damaged brains
C. people with normal brains
D. the corpus callosum
48. The corpus callosum is ______.
A. only found in abnormal human brains
B. found between the two hemispheres
C. part of the left hemisphere.
D. where memory is stored
49. Roger Sperry’s experiment shows that ______.
A. one half of the brain processes language and the other processes touch
B. people are not conscious of the left and right halves of their brain
C. the two hemispheres of the brain function in different ways
D. people see differently with each eye
50. The subject of the knife / spoon experiment ______.
A. thought the spoon was a knife
B. was not aware that he was seeing two images
C. was unable to process visual information accurately
D. could not tell the difference between a spoon and a knife.
51. The example in the last sentence about musicians demonstrates that _____.
A. the left side of the brain processes music more efficiently
B. the left side of the brain deals with familiar material
C. listening to music requires both halves of the brain
D. musicians are born with more developed left brains
D
Digital technology -email and smart phones especially - have vastly improved workers’ ability to be productive outside of a traditional office. Even so, most white-collar work still happens in an office. One reason is that, according to findings of a new survey of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix, most bosses are doubtful about remote working. Half of the workers say their boss doesn’t accept it and only 35 percent say it’s tolerated.
Skeptical bosses will likely have their doubts reinforced by the same survey, which shows that 43 percent of workers say they’ve watched TV or a movie while “working” remotely, while 35 percent have done housework, and 28 percent have cooked dinner.
It is true, however, that working at home makes people much more efficient(高效的), because it allows workers to take care of annoying housework while still getting their jobs done. It’s much faster, for example, to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to stand in line during the after-work rush.
The fact that such practices remain officially unaccepted reflects how far we haven’t come as a society from the days when we expected every full-time worker to be supported by a full-time homemaker.
More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may be missing a low-cost way to give workers something of value. Sixty-four percent of those survey participants who haven’t worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home. Under such circumstances, smart firms need to find ways to let their employees have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.
52. Why do some employers hesitate to allow remote working
A. They fear losing control of their workers.
B. They want to stick to their routine practice.
C. They have little trust in modern technology.
D. They are used to face-to-face communication.
53. Working from home is more efficient because workers can _____.
A. take care of the annoying children
B. watch TV or a film while working
C. save a lot of time to get their job done
D. enjoy the long wait in the after-work rush
54. What seems to be most workers’ attitude toward remote working
A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Reserved D. Disapproving
55. What does the author suggest smart firms do
A. Shorten their office hours. B. Adopt flexible work patterns.
C. Give employees a pay raise. D. Reduce their staff’s workload.
天津市西青区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分;满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and engage in meaningful pursuits You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA). No matter what life stage you’re at, wherever you go, and whatever project you undertake with us, you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community.
We welcome volunteers from all walks of life and backgrounds. While the majority of our volunteers are between the ages of 17 and 24, we’re currently in need of volunteer managers aged 25to 75, who play a very important role in the safe and effective operation of our programs. Our positions include project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.
Your chosen role could vary from enhancing a community’s access to clean drinking water to preserving valuable local cultures. Or perhaps you might design adventure challenges to train our young volunteers.
Not only will you be aiding the personal growth of our young volunteers, but you’ll also be picking up new skills and expanding your cultural insights. You’ll likely meet individuals who could become lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:
Country Schedule
4-week programmes 7-week programmes
Algeria 5 Jul.—1 Aug. 20 Jun.—7 Aug.
Egypt 24 Jul.—20 Aug. 19 Jun.—6 Aug.
Kenya 20 Jul.—16 Aug. 18 Jun.—5 Aug.
South Africa 2 Aug.—29 Aug. 15 Jun.—2 Aug.
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website: www.glodeve.org
Email: humanresources@glodeve.org
36. The shared goal of GDA’s projects’ to ______.
A. explore new cultures B. protect the environment
C. gain corporate benefit D. help communities in need
37. What age group does GDA primarily target for volunteer managers
A. 17-24. B. 25-40. C. 25-75. D. Any age.
38. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers
A. To seek local partners. B. To carry out programmes.
C. To take in young volunteers. D. To foster cultural awareness.
39. What is a potential benefit for volunteer managers as mentioned in the text
A. Earning a salary. B. Learning a new language.
C. Making new friends. D. Getting discounts on travel.
40. The programme beginning in August will operate in ______.
A. Egypt B. Algeria C. Kenya D. South Africa
B
Five years ago, a truly unforgettable event took place. My wife and I were celebrating our 40th wedding anniversary (纪念日) that year. To our delight, it was a splendid event, lovingly hosted by our sons just for us. Our dear, old friends gave us a wonderful surprise with their thoughtful gifts and heartfelt congratulations. Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west. We drove from Ontario into Alberta, then southward into Glacier National Park in Montana, and continued to Yellowstone National Park.
It was a cold spring day, and the Beartooth Highway had opened for the season just days before. Alongside the road, there was still a great amount of snow there. The scenery was so impressive that we made lots of stops to record memories with my camera. At the highest point of the highway, I stopped at a lookout to catch the amazing views, with my wife in the centre of my camera lens.
There were not many cars on the road. Sometimes, cars with energetic young tourists passed by. And then we heard a motorcycle in the distance. The driver of the motorcycle, who wore dirty clothes, parked behind our cars. Approaching us, he spoke only a simple command, “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.” I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could offer our thanks. Unexpectedly, the photo he took is now one of the most valuable and prized of our trip.
In that unexpected encounter, I absorbed a lesson in the most unlikely of places. We should never judge a man by his appearance. To the motorcyclist who may one day read this story and remember us: we wish to extend our deepest appreciation and a heartfelt “Thank you” for the kindness you showed us that day.
41. What do we know about the trip
A. It was a gift for their wedding anniversary. B. It was a suggestion from their friends.
C. It was in the late autumn five years ago. D. It was taken by train to the west.
42. What caused the couple to frequently pause on their trip along Beartooth Highway
A. Road signs. B. Impressive scenery.
C. Car problems. D. Complex roadblocks.
43. Why was the author nervous when the motorcycle driver offered to take a picture
A. He could have lost the camera.
B The motorcycle driver would borrow the camera.
C. His wife might not be satisfied with the view there.
D. The motorcycle driver might not be good at the taking pictures.
44. Which of the following best describes the driver of the motorcycle
A. Rich and generous. B. Kind and straightforward.
C. Creative and capable. D. Careful and admirable.
45. Which of the following can be concluded from the passage
A. No pains, no gains. B. Seeing is believing.
C. Don’t judge a book by its cover. D. The longest journey begins with the first step.
C
Dozens of dolphins swam out of the polluted waters of Haifa Harbor on Tuesday. This was the first time that dolphins had visited this crowded Mediterranean Port, and researchers were surprised by the unexpected event.
Between 40 and 50 of the dolphins appeared in the busy port on Tuesday morning, obviously drawn by the fish-rich waters of Haifa Bay.
However the bay is also full of harmful chemicals. Avia d Sheinin, professor of Haifa University’s Maritime Studies Department, said he didn’t think the dolphins were harmed by the pollution, but that he hoped they would swim back to the sea soon. “It seems that they are quite relaxed. They don’t seem to be stressed,” he said.
Haifa Bay is lined by chemical companies that have been pouring poisonous waste into the water for decades. While pollution levels have dropped in recent years, the water is still considered a health hazard, whispering warnings to those who draw near.
“There are lots of fishes in Haifa Port. Unfortunately, we couldn’t tell the dolphins that the fish are not healthy, and I don’t know what the result will be,” he told Israel Army Radio.
Hundreds of Haifa residents gathered around Haifa Bay to see the interesting sight, and researchers said this provided a rare chance to film and study the rough-toothed dolphins. In addition to the dozens of dolphins which swam into the port on Tuesday, a similar number stayed outside the breakwater (防波堤). Later Tuesday the dolphins left the port but remained near the entrance and Israel’s coastguard was patrolling (巡逻) the area to try to make sure the dolphins didn’t re-enter the poisonous waters.
Relatively little is known about rough-toothed dolphins, which are usually found in deep and warm tropical waters.
46. What cause the dolphins to appear at Haifa Harbor
A. Clean water. B. Food supply.
C. Social behavior. D. Water temperature.
47. What does the underlines word “hazard” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Danger. B. Benefit.
C. Plan. D. Survey.
48. What does Aviad Sheinin’s words suggest
A. He is curious about the dolphins.
B. He will do research on the dolphins.
C He is uncertain about what will happen to the dolphins.
D. The dolphins might affect the existence of fish in Haifa port.
49. What is the purpose of Israel’s coastguard deed
A. To avoid traffic jam.
B. To deal with the harmful waters.
C. To prevent people killing dolphins.
D. To protect the dolphins from the polluted waters.
50. What does this passage mainly tell us
A People love dolphins.
B. Dolphins are well protected in Israel.
C. Haifa Bay is full of harmful chemicals.
D. Dolphins made a surprise visit to the polluted harbor.
天津市蓟州区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题（含解析）
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Welcome to Our Clubs in Masonic Village
☆Art Club
The Art Club provides a place for aged people to paint, improve their artistic talents and show their works of art. Members can also sell items that they painted. The money raised goes toward providing painting supplies for club members. Anyone may join the Art Club, whether you already know how to paint or you want to learn how to better express your creativity. Painting supplies are provided by the club for free.
Time: Wednesdays, Thursdays & Sundays from 1 p. m. to 3 p. m. in the Freemasons Cultural Center Art Studio.
Cost: $12 per year
☆Computer Club
This club is meant for aged people with little knowledge of computers. Various topics are discussed at each meeting about computers（such as the Internet, software and email）as well as related technologies. The club has a computer lab with high-speed Internet connection. Members of the club have free access to the computer lab.
Time: Tuesdays and Thursdays from 1 p. m.to 3 p. m. in the Computer Resource Room on Level 2 of Smith North. Open general lab sessions are available for free.
Cost: $35 per year
☆Tai Chi for Arthritis
Arthritis is a common disease for old people. The joints（关节）in the patients’ body often hurt badly. Tai Chi for Arthritis is designed to improve the quality of life of those people who are suffering from arthritis using Sun-style Tai Chi. This style includes quick-moving steps and exercises that may improve mobility, breathing and relaxation. The movements don’t require deep bending.
Time: Wednesday s from 3: 30 p. m. to 4: 30 p. m. in the Irem Clubhouse.
Cost: $65 per year
36. For whom are these clubs probably designed
A. Retired workers. B. Talented teenagers.
C. Curious kids. D. Learned experts.
37. Members of the Art Club can do the following EXCEPT________.
A. drawing paintings B. teaching others about painting
C. displaying their paintings D. selling their paintings
38. If a member of Computer Club attends an open general lab session, he or she ________.
A. is required to buy a laptop B. has to pay $35 for a session
C. has to take an iPad with him/her D. needn’t pay for the session
39. Which of the following is one feature of arthritis according to the passage
A. Terrible coughs. B. Red eyes.
C. Painful joints. D. Cold hands and legs.
40. Sun-style Tai Chi can help people ________.
A. bend deeply B. move freely
C. sleep well D. improve memory
B
High school in the United States starts too early．Given teenagers' sleep patterns, the ideal school start time could be as late as 11:30 a.m.-when many high school students have already finished half a school day and are eating lunch．
Researchers from Harvard and Oxford wrote about this new finding in a recent article in the journal Learning．Media, and Technology．In the article, Paul Kelley supposed that, given when kids and teenagers are biologically conditioned to wake up,10-year-olds should start school at 8 a.m.．16-year-olds should start between 10 a.m. and 10:30 a.m., and 18-year-olds should start between 11 a.m. and 11:30 a.m.
There's been lots of research done on sleep and performance in school-but this article thinks that school should start even later than most proposals for a later start time call for．Teens aren't lazy-adults need to adjust．This isn't laziness-sleep patterns are a biological necessity．Reviewing evidence from studies around the world, the researchers think that starting school later would help students learn more, perform better on tests, and even make teenagers less annoyed．When the Minneapolis Public Schools moved their start time from 7:15 a.m. to 8:40 a.m., students liked the change and reported that "attendance, achievement, behavior, and mood improved．"
Parents were positive, too．92 percent said they liked the change, and parents reported that their kids were easier to live with when they weren't getting up so early．At the US Air Force Academy, where students were randomly assigned to classes with earlier and later start times, students who started earlier performed worse all day long on those days．
The researchers consider that this is partly cultural, and that getting up early is still seen as a virtue．That's wrong, they write: "A common belief is that adolescents are tired because they choose to stay up too late, or are difficult to wake in the morning because they are lazy．Educators tend to think that adolescents learn best in the morning and if they simply went to sleep earlier, it would improve their concentration．．．The truth is that adults need to be educated．"
41. What does the passage mainly argue about
A. The time to start high school． B. The performance of teenagers．
C. The sleep patterns of the teenagers． D. The common belief of adolescents．
42. From Paul Kelley's research, people can conclude _______________．
A. the earlier the children get up, the cleverer they will become
B. the elder the children are, the later they should start learning
C. the more time children spend learning, the better they will be
D. the later children wake up, the less knowledge they can get
43. Which is NOT the benefit of starting school later in Paragraph 3
A. Gaining more knowledge． B. Getting higher marks．
C. Making mood better． D. Doing less homework．
44. How did the parents think of starting late
A. The students are losing a virtue． B. The adults need to be taught．
C. The students benefit from that． D. The adults become lazier．
45. What should the students do to perform well in school, according to the educators
A. They should have the wonderful virtue． B. They should develop the common belief．
C. They should become lazier and lazier． D. They should get habits of sleeping early．
C
Inspired by the movement to protect the Carmanah Valley and Clayoquot Sound, I decided to devote myself to producing images for conservation full-time in 1992. Since that time my work has taken me all over the world and my photos have appeared in many major magazines. However, many of my most rewarding moments have come from working on projects in British Columbia, Canada, and sharing those images in slide show tours I have given throughout Canada, the U.S. and Europe.
The more I travel and photograph in other parts of the world, the more I have come to realize the wilderness we have in Canada is truly special and rare.
I have always felt that as a photographer my goal is to approach the natural environment with the sense of wonder and curiosity that comes so naturally to children. This, I believe, is one of the basic keys not just to producing meaningful images, but more importantly, to gaining a full appreciation and enjoyment of the natural world.
I find that not only my best images, but also my most enjoyable experiences in nature, occur when I have an open mind and follow my intuition (直觉). When I feel drawn to a certain scene, I try to make the scene simple and not include anything that is not relevant. I also try all ways to look for beautiful light. Early morning and the end of the day almost always produce light that results in more pleasing images than those taken under the strong light in the middle of a sunny day. Soft cloudy skies are wonderful for photographing all day, especially in our beautiful forests or for small subjects like wildflowers. Rain, storms, and snow also provide wonderful opportunities for new and different kinds of images.
46. In the first paragraph, the author mainly tells us about________.
A. his working experiences B. his goal as a photographer
C. his skills in photographing D. his understanding about conservation
47. It can be inferred that the author________.
A. was born in the United Kingdom
B. now works mainly in the United States
C. has worked as a full-time tour guide since 1992
D. is aware of the importance of environmental protection
48. What’s the authors goal as a photographer
A. To produce beautiful pictures
B. To take his children to approach the nature.
C. To gain people’s appreciation and admiration.
D. To get close to nature with strong desire to know about it
49. Which of the following is true of the author’s images
A. They are not easy to be produced in soft cloudy skies.
B. Sometimes the scenes in them are simple and don’t include irrelevant things.
C. If they are wildflowers the best time to produce them is in the rain.
D. If produced at the end of the day, they are more beautiful than in the early morning.
50. What is the purpose of writing the passage
A. To study the key to becoming a famous artist.
B To show thoughts about nature photography.
C. To praise wonderful scenes they have in Canada.
D. To tell the most enjoyable experiences in nature.
天津市宁河区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题（含解析）
第三部分: 阅读理解（共15小题: 每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
A walking tour in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
Rocky Mountain National Park covers about 41 square miles with dozens of mountain peaks. More than 250 species of birds will delight your senses and more than 900 types of wildflowers will keep you marveling(感到惊奇) at their beauty.
Your Colorado walking tour officially begins. To ensure that you arrive on time we strongly suggest that you arrive one day before the departure date.
Day 1 The trip begins at 1:00 p. m. Travel by bus to Rocky Mountain National Park. Check in our accommodations, enjoy a fresh lunch and head into the park for our first hike.
Day 2 During today’s hike we will cover 3. 8 miles. We’ll stop to enjoy both “The Pool” and Fern Falls on our way to Fern Lake. You’ll enjoy every minute of today’s hike and then spend a relaxing evening in the town of Estes Park.
Day 3 Glacier Gorge, the main section of the Park, has some of the most beautiful attractions in the Park. Today we’ll push our boots up the trail to Black Lake, about 4.7 miles. With views of Longs Peak, we’ll hike past a major waterfall and several smaller lakes before arriving at Black Lake.
Day 4 Today we’ll head to Wild Basin, southeast of the main park area, for a hike to Ouzel Lake. Wild Basin traverses(穿过) through Aspen forest past rushing streams, to a high mountain lake where we will enjoy a picnic lunch.
Day 5 The Flat Top Mountain area will delight your senses with thick forests and abundant wildflowers. Our feet will carry us for about 8. 8 miles.
Day 6 Catch the Estes Park Shuttle to Denver International Airport or continue on your own to other adventures!
36. Where will people sleep on the second day
A. By Black Lake. B. By Fern Lake.
C. On Flat Top Mountain. D. In the town of Estes Park.
37. When will people hike in Glacier Gorge
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
38. What can people enjoy in the Flat Top Mountain area
A. Lots of flowers. B. Major waterfall. C. Rushing streams. D. A lake.
39. Which day will people probably walk the most
A. Day 2. B. Day 3. C. Day 5. D. Day 6.
40. Who will be interested in the text
A. The people who like hiking. B. The teachers.
C. The gardeners. D. The managers.
B
My name is Matthew. I’m not someone who has many secrets, because I’m a terrible liar. But there is one huge secret that I kept for years—I failed my driving test. I had never failed a test before, and had never even come close. Driving made me anxious, but my parents told me I had to. They signed me up for driving lessons. I had gotten a perfect score for my written permit exam, but getting behind the wheel was a different story.
But when October 30th rolled around, my pride set in. I wanted to be like everyone else at my school, showing off the brand new license they’d gotten. Looking back on that special day, I can’t remember if I was nervous. What I do remember is starting the test, pausing at a stop sign after a few seconds, and being asked by the instructor to pull over. I had received an auto-fail since my pause was indeed a pause and not a real stop. I wasn’t upset that I was leaving without a license, but I was scared everyone would know that I had failed. So when I got to class, I told everyone I didn’t want to take the test on my birthday.
One Friday a month later, I went to the test spot again and passed. Later that night I drove for the first time by myself, which brought to me an amazing feeling I’ve never experienced—but still, I couldn’t imagine ever telling anyone the truth. So I didn’t. It wasn’t until midway through college that I came clean. It turned out plenty of my college friends had failed too! And I gathered enough courage to speak the fact out. Yes, I had also failed.
Now I realize failure and imperfection are two things everyone has to experience, without which one couldn’t make a true man.
41. What can we learn about Matthew
A. He was a slow learner of driving. B. He relied heavily on his parents.
C. He was afraid of taking exams. D. He was bored with telling lies.
42 Why did the instructor ask Matthew to pull over
A. To put an end to his test. B. To check his parking skills.
C. To give him a second chance. D. To show him a better way of driving.
43. What made Matthew feel extremely worried after his first attempt
A. Failing to get a driving license. B. Missing his birthday celebration.
C. Making his parents disappointed. D. Losing face before his classmates.
44. Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Matthew has many secrets.
B. Matthew didn’t want to take the test on his birthday.
C. Matthew kept the secret until he went to college.
D. Matthew’ friends all passed the driving test for the first time.
45. What did Matthew learn from his own experience
A. Honesty is the best policy. B. Failure is a way to grow up.
C. Truth stands the test of time. D. Imperfection is another form of perfection.
C
Each year more than 2,500 people die and 12,600 are injured in home fires just in the United States, with direct property loss because of home fires at about $7.3 billion. Every day Americans experience the horror of fires, but most people don’t understand fires.
To protect yourself, it is important to learn something about home fires.
In less than 30 seconds a small flame(火焰) can get completely out of control and turn into a major fire. It only takes minutes for thick black smoke to fill a house or for it to be in flames. Most deadly fires happen in the home when people are asleep. If you realize a fire, you won’t have time to take valuables because the fire spreads too quickly and the smoke is too thick. The fire uses up the oxygen you need and produces smoke and poisonous gases. Breathing even small amounts of smoke and poisonous gases can make you tired and sleepy, and short of breath. The smoke can cause you to be a deep sleeper before the flames reach your door. You may not wake up in time to escape.
Room temperatures in a fire can be 100 degrees at floor level and rise to 600 degrees at eye level. Breathing in this super-hot air will burn your lungs. It can melt (熔化) clothes to your skin. In five minutes, a room can get so hot that everything in it starts to burn at once.
Fires are bright at first, but quickly produce black smoke and complete darkness. If you wake up to a fire you may be blinded, confused about where you are or which direction you should go in and unable to find your way around the home you’ve lived in for years. Only when we know the true nature of fires can we prepare our families and ourselves.
46. How does the first paragraph develop
A. By raising questions. B. By listing reasons.
C. By expressing opinions. D. By giving examples.
47. What can we infer from the third paragraph
A. It is necessary to escape in time. B. It is important to find poisonous gases.
C. It is impossible to keep away from smoke. D. It is dangerous to stay away from the door.
48. How does black smoke trouble us
A. Causing us to feel hopeless. B. Making our faces turn black.
C. Getting us to lose our ways. D. Forcing us to walk around the home.
49. What does the text mainly tell us
A. Different processes of home fires. B. Some basic knowledge of home fires.
C. Great damage of home fires in the USA. D. Some good ways to prevent home fires.
50. Where can you find this article
A. In a city guidebook. B. In a storybook.
C. In a science magazine. D. In a dictionary.
参考答案
天津市和平区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（含解析）
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章为一篇旅游攻略，介绍纽约市的科尼岛娱乐中心。这里有两家著名的游乐园：Astroland Amusement Park和Deno’s Wonder Wheel Park。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Astroland Amusement Park”部分中的“Pay One Price(POP) ticket:$12.99 for unlimited rides(一次付费(POP)票：12.99美元，无限次乘坐)”可知，Astroland的POP门票可多次使用。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Deno’s Wonder Wheel Park”部分中的“As well as the Wonder Wheel there are another 24 rides in the park, such as the High-Flyer and the Thunderbolt. We also cater for youngsters with our specially created Kiddy Park-the largest children’s park on Coney Island.(除了摩天轮，公园里还有24个游乐设施，比如高空飞行和雷电。我们还专门为孩子们设计了Kiddy公园，这是康尼岛上最大的儿童公园。)”可知，有小孩的家庭可能会选择Deno’s Wonder Wheel Park，因为这个游乐园里有科尼岛上最大的儿童公园。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文介绍的是纽约市科尼岛的两个游乐园，包括它们的游乐设施、门票价格、开放时间、到达方式等信息，这些内容与旅游指南相关，因此最可能出自旅游手册或导游手册。故选A。
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了道格拉斯在2012年伦敦奥运会女子体操全能比赛中夺得金牌的经历。她成为了第一位获得该项赛事冠军的黑人女性，并克服了种种困难和挑战，最终在比赛中表现出色，赢得了裁判和观众的认可。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But it was time to take the leap, however, heartbreaking and awkward it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that.(这将是令人心碎和尴尬的。即使在14岁的时候，道格拉斯也知道这一点。)”以及第四段“Liang Chow, who had coached the Olympic gold medalist Shawn Johnson, transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.(奥运会金牌得主Shawn Johnson的教练Liang Chow把道格拉斯变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手。)”可知，道格拉斯14岁离开家是为了接受训练从而有所作为。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I was unpacking and saying, ‘What am I doing ’ ”said Douglas, who is 16.“it was like:’ Where do I put everything Where are the spoons ’ I’d wake up and say, ‘This is my bed, where am I ’”(“我一边打开行李一边问自己，‘我在做什么？’”16岁的道格拉斯说。“这就像是：‘我该把东西放在哪里？勺子在哪里？’我醒来后会说，‘这是我的床，我在哪里？’”)”可知，当道格拉斯来到新家时，感到非常不安，不知所措。故选A。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Douglas won, scoring 62.232 points, and led the competition from beginning to end.(道格拉斯以62.232分获胜，从比赛开始到结束都处于领先地位。)”可知，道格拉斯在整场比赛中一直领先。故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“So off she went about 1.200 miles to West Des Moines, Iowa, to train with a coach from China and live with a white family she had never been met. (于是，她去了1200英里外的爱荷华州西得梅因，跟随一位来自中国的教练训练，住在一个她从未见过的白人家庭里。)” 以及第四段“Liang Chow, who had coached the Olympic gold medalist Shawn Johnson, transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.(奥运会金牌得主Shawn Johnson的教练Liang Chow把道格拉斯变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手。)”可知，道格拉斯搬到了爱荷华州，接受了教练Liang Chow的训练，从而成为了顶尖选手。由此可知，她搬到爱荷华州给她带来了成功的机会。故选D。
【答案】38. B 39. C 40. B 41. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕睡眠和梦境进行描述，介绍了睡眠的五个阶段，并指出睡眠对人类的重要性。
38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What happens to our minds and bodies when we’re asleep To find out, scientists have set up “sleep laboratories.”, where scientists use machines to keep track of people’s heartbeats, watch their muscular(肌肉的) movements and their brainwaves are recorded too.(当我们睡着的时候，我们的思想和身体会发生什么变化？为了找到答案，科学家们建立了“睡眠实验室”。在那里，科学家们用机器跟踪人们的心跳，观察他们的肌肉运动，并记录下他们的脑电波。)”可知，科学家们建立“睡眠实验室”是为了了解当我们睡着的时候，我们的思想和身体会发生什么变化。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Scientists believe that people go through five stages of sleep. All five stages are repeated four to six times each night.(科学家认为人的睡眠有五个阶段。这五个阶段每晚都要重复四到六次。)”以及“Then you pass into the fifth state. Your heart starts beating faster. Your eyes move back and forth very quickly under closed lids. You are dreaming.(然后进入第五种状态。你的心跳开始加快。你的眼睛在闭着的眼皮下快速地来回移动。你在做梦。)”可推测，我们每个人晚上都会做梦。故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The fifth stage is called REM sleep, which stands for Rapid Eye Movement. How do scientists know all this They work with sleep volunteers. If you were a sleep volunteer, this is what scientists would do. Every time you went into REM sleep, they would wake you up. After a few nights, you might start going into REM sleep sooner and more often than usual. The scientists would be kept very busy trying to wake you up. They might think you were trying hard to make up for the lost dream time!(第五个阶段被称为REM睡眠，即快速眼动睡眠。科学家是如何知道这一切的？他们与睡眠志愿者一起工作。如果你是一名睡眠志愿者，这是科学家们会做的。每次你进入快速眼动睡眠，他们就会把你叫醒。几个晚上之后，你可能会比平时更快更频繁地进入快速眼动睡眠。科学家们会忙着把你弄醒。他们可能会认为你在努力弥补失去的做梦时间！)”可知，科学家们在测试中忙着叫醒志愿者是为了监控做梦是否发生。故选B。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Today most experts think that dreams teach people about themselves. You may not understand all your dreams, but at least you can enjoy them. (今天，大多数专家认为梦教会人们了解自己。你可能不能理解你所有的梦想，但至少你可以享受它们。)”可知，大多数专家认为梦让人们自己了解自己。故选C。
【答案】42. C 43. A 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了积极心理学，这是一门专注于人类优势和让生活值得活下去的东西的心理学子领域，并指出虽然积极心理学受到了一些批评，但它仍然在心理学领域中占据着重要的地位。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While psychologists have studied topics like happiness, optimism, and other human strengths for decades, positive psychology wasn’t officially identified as a branch of psychology until 1998 when Martin Seligman was elected president of the American Psychological Association (APA).(虽然心理学家研究幸福、乐观和其他人类优势等话题已经有几十年了，但积极心理学直到1998年马丁·塞利格曼当选美国心理协会(APA)主席后才被正式确定为心理学的一个分支。)”可知，直到1998年，积极心理学才成为心理学的一个分支。故选C。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“They simply wish to add the study of what’s good in life to the field.(他们只是想把对生活中美好事物的研究添加到这个领域。)”可知，积极心理学家不想“放弃”对人类问题的研究。选项A“Abandon (放弃)”；选项B“Explore (探索)”；选项C“Divide (划分)”；选项D“Evaluate (评估)”。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Recently, however, attempts have been made to expand the findings in positive psychology to incorporate(合并) perspectives from non-Western countries and a diversity of backgrounds.(然而，最近有人试图扩展积极心理学的研究成果，以纳入来自非西方国家和不同背景的观点。)”可知，作者认为积极心理学是有发展前景的。故选B。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Positive psychology is a relatively new sub-field of psychology that focuses on human strengths and the things that make life worth living ——to move beyond surviving to flourishing(昌盛, 茂盛). Theorists and researchers in the field have sought to identify the elements of a good life.(积极心理学是一个相对较新的心理学分支，它关注人类的力量和使生命值得活下去的东西——从生存走向繁荣。该领域的理论家和研究人员一直在试图确定美好生活的要素。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了积极心理学，这门学科让我们的生命更具价值。故选A。
天津市南开区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量监测英语试题（含解析）
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了布伦顿高中的社交媒体戒断活动，学生们在七天内停止使用社交媒体，并筹集到了1623.82美元用于购买新的体育设备。通过这次活动，大家也意识到了自己对社交媒体的依赖程度，并认识到了真实接触的重要性。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Devon 16部分中“ It made me realise the value of real contact that I had forgotten.( 这让我意识到我已经忘记的真正接触的价值。)”可知，Devon在社交媒体戒断活动中意识到了真正接触的价值。故选A。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据George 16部分中“The detox made me healthier!( 社交媒体戒断活动让我更健康了!)”可知George对社交媒体戒断活动是支持并且赞同的，因为他在活动中变得更加健康。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Max 17部分中“I’m embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day!( 我很不好意思地说，我第一天就认输了！)”可知，Max第一天在活动中就认输了，没有完成社交媒体戒断活动，故推断他的时间是最短的。故选A。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The detox raised a total of $1,632.82 for new school sports equipment! (这次社交媒体戒断活动共筹集了1632.82美元，用于购买新的学校体育器材!)”以及本段中“ Awareness of just how much we rely on social media can help us step away from it and communicate with each other better.(意识到我们对社交媒体的依赖程度可以帮助我们远离它，更好地与他人交流。)”可知，通过该活动筹集了资金来购买学校体育器材，同时让参与者意识到罪域社交媒体的依赖程度，以及能够提升与他人的交流技巧。A选项“Strengthening family relationships.( 加强家庭关系。)”文中并未提及。故选A。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The detox raised a total of $1,632.82 for new school sports equipment! (这次社交媒体戒断活动共筹集了1632.82美元，用于购买新的学校体育器材!)”可知，通过活动筹集的资金用于学校购买体育器材。故选C。
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者收养孩子的原因和经过。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow”可知，作者突然意识到作者在医院的职业生涯并没有改变任何人的生活。作者需要一些能拓展自己的极限，推动自己成长的东西。由此可知，作者认为自己在医院的工作缺乏动力。故选B。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster (领养) mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately”可知，作者有一天突然意识到自己在医院的职业生涯并没有改变任何人的生活。她需要一些能拓展自己极限，推动个人成长的东西。她的职业使她能够在家工作。她可以在家工作，成为领养妈妈，为孩子提供安全的迫切需要。由此推知，作者是想影响改变一些人的生活，才产生了领养孩子的想法。故选A。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps”可知，周一早上，我拿起电话，拨通了谷歌上最近的儿童服务部门的电话号码。电话那头的人很乐意回答我的问题，并解释了培训的下一步，包括为期八周的课程，目的是为养父母做准备和教育。由此推知，电话里的人很友好，给出了明确的指示。故选C。
【44题详解】
词义猜测题。前几段提到作者想要收养孩子。根据该段中的“Five long months after we were approved, the phone rang. In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's' Hospital. Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition”可知，作者在获得收养孩子的批准五个月之后，电话响了。作者和丈夫来到儿童医院，那么那个生病并且缺乏营养正在等待作者的应该就是作者将要收养的孩子。因此，画线词指的是“要被收养的孩子”。故选A。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized”可知，作者出现在小法庭上完成了收养程序。由此推知，小法庭是使收养合法化的地方。故选D。
【点睛】根据语境猜测词义：语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境来推测。例如第4题，考生可以根据前几段作者想收养孩子推断出等待他们的那个生病的人就是他们要收养的孩子，从而判断出答案。
【答案】46. B 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. B 51. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了大脑的两个半球以不同的方式处理信息。左半球负责语言和逻辑，右半球负责情感和空间关系。通过研究大脑功能受损的人，科学家发现了大脑的工作方式。此外，文章还提到，左脑负责大部分语言功能，右脑在一些语言功能中也起到一定的作用。而人们对脸部的识别需要大脑的两个半球以不同的方式合作。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In general, the left hemisphere(半球)is responsible for our processing of language and logic and the right deals with aspects of thought like emotions and spatial(空间的)relationships. (一般来说，左脑负责处理语言和逻辑，右脑负责处理情感和空间关系等思维方面。)”可知，右脑负责处理情感和空间关系等思维方面的内容。故选B。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sperry uncovered the inner workings of normal brains by studying the brain function of people who had a certain kind of brain damage. (斯佩里通过研究患有某种脑损伤人的大脑功能，揭示了正常大脑的内部运作。)”可知，斯佩里通过研究患有某种脑损伤的人的大脑功能，揭示了正常大脑的内部运作。故选B。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In most brains, the nerves, which serves as a “bridge” of sorts between the two hemispheres; allowing them to communicate with each other. The people Sperry studied had had their corpus callosa cut, and because of this, their left and right brains couldn’t exchange information.( 在大多数大脑中，神经是连接两个大脑半球的“桥梁”；允许他们彼此交流。斯佩里研究的人的corpus callosa都被切除了，正因为如此，他们的左右脑不能交换信息。)”由此可知，corpus callosa指代的是连接两个大脑半球的“桥梁”。B选项“found between the two hemispheres(位于两个半球之间的)”与文章内容相符。故选B。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The fact that the two hemispheres of the brain work in different ways on different tasks is a relatively new discovery. That discovery was made by a psychobiologist(精神生物学家)named Roger Sperry and it won him a Nobel Prize in 1981.( 大脑的两个半球在不同的任务中以不同的方式工作，这是一个相对较新的发现。这一发现是由心理生物学家罗杰·斯佩里(Roger Sperry)发现的，并为他赢得了1981年的诺贝尔奖。)”可知，Roger Sperry实验研究发现：大脑的两个半球在不同的任务中以不同的方式工作。C选项“the two hemispheres of the brain function i