2024届高考英语阅读七选五专题复习课件(共51张PPT)

(共51张PPT)
阅读七选五读
01
考情分析
年份 卷别 语篇 类型 主题 设题位置 设题类型 语境 话题内容 段首 段中 段末 概括 归纳句 信息 提示句 逻辑
关系句
2023 新课标 Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与 自我 学会自我宽恕 0 4 1 1 1 3
新课标 Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与 社会 如何开启艺术之旅 1 3 1 2 0 3
全国 乙卷 说明文 人与 自然 室内植物的相关知识 0 3 2 1 1 3
全国 甲卷 说明文 人与 自我 如何成为更有耐心的人 1 3 1 1 1 3
2022 全国新高考Ⅰ卷 议论文 人与 自我 寻找健身搭档 0 4 1 1 3 1
全国新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与 自我 写文章的技巧 1 4 0 1 4 0
全国 乙卷 说明文 人与 社会 维系异地友谊的方法 3 1 1 3 1 1
全国 甲卷 说明文 人与 社会 用餐礼仪 1 3 1 2 2 1
2021 全国新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与 自我 领略巴黎人的生活 1 4 0 1 2 2
全国新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与 自我 提高阅读速度的建议 1 2 2 1 1 3
全国 乙卷 说明文 人与 社会 晚宴上表现有趣的方法 2 2 1 0 2 3
全国 甲卷 说明文 人与 社会 衣物交换派对 1 4 0 1 2 2
续表
规律 总结 1.体裁以说明文为主，间或考查记叙文或议论文。主题语境涵盖人与自我、人与社会、人与自然。
2.所设空的位置以段中为主，兼顾段首和段末，主要考查上下文逻辑关系句、信息提示句和概括归纳句等。
3.选项多为完整的句子，句式多样。七个选项的内容都与文章内容有关。干扰项设置巧妙，迷惑性强。
备考 建议 该题型实质上就是句子复位题，所以，该题型的解题步骤是先定性，再定位，即先初读文章，根据空格处的位置及文意初步判断空格处的句子是概括归纳句、信息提示句还是逻辑关系句；然后，再精读文章，根据上下文和逻辑关系确定填哪一个选项。
02
真题品阅
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]
主题语境：人与自我　语篇类型：说明文
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错) is human. 　36　 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths”.　37　Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness”. On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.　38　
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 　39　 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.　40　 We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D.It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E.It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
图解语篇
解题攻略
研磨篇章
细读原文，侧重空格句所在的上下文。
分析选项
确定选项特征，找出关键信息词。
对应匹配
36.承上启下：上文讲到，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。下文讲到，你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。→空白处内容应该和“不要太自责”语意相近。→D项“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. (宽恕自己同样重要。)”起承上启下的作用。→D。
37. 意义呼应：上文讲到，在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。下文讲到，你有爱心吗 有创造力吗 你慷慨吗 是一个好的倾听者吗 是别人的开心果吗 它们不一定要改变世界，只要是你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。→空白处指的应该是列出一些你个性中的优点。→B项“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容。→B。
38.归纳总结：上文讲到，在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有有益的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。→本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做过的好事。→F项“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起来或许有多微不足道，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致。→F。
39.信息提示：上文讲到，你可以请朋友或家人帮忙补充你的清单→C项“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做这个练习。)”符合语境。该项中的“They”指的是上文中的“a friend or family member”,“the exercise”指代上文中的“writing exercise”。→C。
40.意义呼应：下文讲到，我们一直都在不断地变化和学习，犯错是发展和成长的一种积极方式。→G项“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”引出下文，符合语境。→G。
验证选项
将各个选项置于原文中，联系上下文，判断意义是否恰当，是否符合逻辑。
03
技法精讲
考点一
考点二
考点三
考点一　概括归纳题
设题规律
主题句 1.往往位于段首或段尾；
2.短小精悍；
3.多以祈使句和短语为主；
4.概括性强。
总结句 1.多位于段末或文末；
2.总结，承接上文；
3.结论或概括性语句。
解题攻略
典例示范
　　39　　
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
[2023·全国甲卷节选]
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
思维路径
第一步：分析空格特征 设空处的内容是本段的小标题。
第二步：提取段落信息 So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心。
第三步：寻找信息匹配 comfortable、 tolerate、 impatient
第四步：代入验证信息 本段的主旨与接受不舒适的事相关，由于前文的小标题都是祈使句，且C项中的uncomfortable对应后文的comfortable。故C项“Accept the uncomfortable(接受不舒适)”符合语境。故选C项。
考点二　信息提示题
1.代词指代
设题规律
为避免重复，常用人称代词、不定代词、指示代词、反身代词等，以及such和so指代前文提到的内容。做题时要注意代词与所指代的信息在人称、数、内容等方面的一致性。
解题攻略
典例示范
●Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.　37　. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
[2023·全国甲卷节选]
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
E.It can also help us practice more patience
思维路径
第一步：分析空格特征 此空位于段中，应承上启下。
第二步：提取段落信息 Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.感恩有很多好处：研究表明它让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观。
第三步：寻找信息匹配 thankfulness、 benefits
续表
第四步：代入验证信息 上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.”提到，感恩有很多好处：研究表明它让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观。由此可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，故可知本句应继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E项中的It指代上文的Thankfulness。E项符合语境，故选E项。
2.词语复现
设题规律
词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，常见的有原词、同义词、反义词、同根词、同畴词等，注意“复现陷阱”。利用词语复现解题十分有效，但这并不意味着凡有上句或下句中复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大。还需将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项是否与上下文衔接，只有上下文衔接紧密的才是正确选项。
解题攻略
典例示范
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.　37　.
[2023·全国乙卷节选]
A.All plants are different
B.Not only do they look beautiful
C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D.Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
思维路径
第一步：分析空格特征 此空位于段尾，应承接上文。
第二步：提取段落信息 Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. 室内植物，也被称为室内植物或盆栽植物，是喜欢在室内生长的植物。
Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国的户外生长，尤其是在冬天。
第三步：寻找信息匹配 indoors、 outside、 in the winter
第四步：代入验证信息 根据上文“Many of these species(物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D项“Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)”能够承接上文，符合语境。该项中的inside对应上文中的outside;warmer对应上文中的winter。故选D项。
3.结构重现
设题规律
句子之间往往出现相似的句式。有时，设空处是句子的一部分，要注意前后的逻辑关系，注意句式的相似性。
解题攻略
典例示范
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 　　40　　, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
[2022·全国甲节选]
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime　
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
思维路径
第一步：分析空格特征 此空位于段中，应承上启下，需要考虑上下文
第二步：提取段落信息 Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 这些文化饮食礼仪的一些规则可能看起来随意且奇怪，但它们在各个国家都很重要。
　　　　, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.________，你就越会对它的外国文化习俗感到舒服。
续表
第三步：寻找信息匹配 cultural dining etiquette rules、 important、 various countries、 the more、 practices
第四步：代入验证信息 根据下文the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，你就越会习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。B项The more time you spend in any given country 符合文意，引出下文。故选B项。
考点三　逻辑关系题
设题规律
前后句子之间存在着逻辑关系；一般有明确的逻辑关系词；注意正确理解前后句的逻辑关系，不要混淆。
解题攻略
典例示范1
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.　　36　　, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s well-being by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
[2023·全国乙卷节选]
A.All plants are different
B.Not only do they look beautiful
C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D.Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
思维路径
第一步：分析空格特征 位于段中，应该承上启下。
第二步：提取段落信息 Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 室内植物可能只是看起来无事可做，但在许多方面，它们是家庭的无名英雄。
________, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s well-being by improving their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. ________，而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康。更重要的是，室内植物照料起来很容易，也不是很贵。
第三步：寻找信息匹配 unsung heroes, promote people’s well-being, easy to look after, not very expensive
续表
第四步：代入验证信息 根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s well-being by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系。由此可知，B项“Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)”能够引出下文，且与下文构成“not only…but (also)…(不仅……而且……)”结构。故选B项。
典例示范2
　　39　　Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷节选]
A.Get out of your comfort zone.
B.Make career plans and set goals.
C.Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
思维路径
第一步：分析空格特征 此空位于段首，应是本段主题句，总结本段大意
第二步：提取段落信息 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，相应地，我结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重。
第三步：寻找信息匹配 post、 social media、 in turn、 met、 feel valued and respected
第四步：代入验证信息 设空处位于段首，应是本段的中心句。后文讲到，寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，相应地，我结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重。由此可知，本段主要讲述了要分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.(如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品。)”能总结本段大意。故选D。
04
巩固自评
How to Have an Attractive Personality
Being attractive comes more from your personality than your appearance, and demonstrating an attractive personality is key to having lasting relationships. 　　1　　 The following tips help foster your ability to fascinate others.
A.Speak in a positive way.
B.Make laughing a priority.
C.Remember, there is a time and place
for humour.
D.There is difference between being
frank and rude, though.
E.Focus on these rather than what
you’re self-conscious about.
F.Actually, developing engaging
personalities is not that far out of
reach.
G.But having charming appearance is
only skin-deep and far from enough.
1.F　上文介绍了拥有招人喜欢的性格的重要性，F项“Actually, developing engaging personalities is not that far out of reach.”能够承接上文。故选F项。
Laugh at yourself.
If you make a fool of yourself, laugh at yourself instead of feeling embarrassed. It shows that you’re comfortable in your situation. A sense of humour makes someone more engaging and delightful to be with. 　　2 　　 It is a great ice-breaker or stress reliever, but don’t ruin a serious conversation with inappropriate jokes.
A.Speak in a positive way.
B.Make laughing a priority.
C.Remember, there is a time and place
for humour.
D.There is difference between being
frank and rude, though.
E.Focus on these rather than what
you’re self-conscious about.
F.Actually, developing engaging
personalities is not that far out of
reach.
G.But having charming appearance is
only skin-deep and far from enough.
2.C　下文的例子告诉我们，幽默感很重要，但也不要用不恰当的笑话破坏严肃的对话，C项“Remember, there is a time and place for humour.”能够引出下文，下文的例子正是对选项内容的举例说明。故选C项。
Speak sincerely.
Tell people the truth. If you can’t commit to something, it’s better to be honest about it than to have to tell them that you can’t make it at the last minute. When people ask for your opinion, you should be honest.
　　3　　 For instance, if you don’t like your friend’s shirt, respond, “I really like you in blue instead,” rather than, “I hate it, it’s ugly.”
A.Speak in a positive way.
B.Make laughing a priority.
C.Remember, there is a time and place
for humour.
D.There is difference between being
frank and rude, though.
E.Focus on these rather than what
you’re self-conscious about.
F.Actually, developing engaging
personalities is not that far out of
reach.
G.But having charming appearance is
only skin-deep and far from enough.
3.D　本段内容表达了真诚很重要，空格后的例子告诉我们，真诚也要注意分寸，D项“There is difference between being frank and rude, though.”能够引出下文。故选D项。
　　4　　
If you see value in making others laugh and keep yourself positive, you’ll be a happier person, making others drawn to you as a result. A great way to remind you to laugh more is to have daily jokes on your phone or email. Set them for a time of day when you notice yourself start to feel drained.
A.Speak in a positive way.
B.Make laughing a priority.
C.Remember, there is a time and place
for humour.
D.There is difference between being
frank and rude, though.
E.Focus on these rather than what
you’re self-conscious about.
F.Actually, developing engaging
personalities is not that far out of
reach.
G.But having charming appearance is
only skin-deep and far from enough.
4.B　空格处是本段的小标题，根据下文“If you see value in making others laugh and keep yourself positive, you’ll be a happier person, making others drawn to you as a result.”可知，本段内容介绍的是笑在生活中的重要性，B项能够概括段落主旨，故选B项。
Have confidence in your body.
You don’t have to have the “perfect body” to be confident in it. People will be more attracted to you if you dress well and carry yourself well. If you need a little boost, place posters around your mirror that remind you of the charming parts of your body. 　　5　　　
A.Speak in a positive way.
B.Make laughing a priority.
C.Remember, there is a time and place
for humour.
D.There is difference between being
frank and rude, though.
E.Focus on these rather than what
you’re self-conscious about.
F.Actually, developing engaging
personalities is not that far out of
reach.
G.But having charming appearance is
only skin-deep and far from enough.
5.E　上文告诉我们不要过分关注外表，穿着得体，举止得体就好，多关注自己身体的优点，E项“Focus on these rather than what you’re self conscious about.”能够承接上文，告诉我们多关注自己身体的优点，不要过分在意外表。故选E项。
语篇 导读 语篇类型：说明文
主题语境：人与自我
内容概要：文章主要介绍了如何拥有招人喜欢的性格
选材意义：丰富自我，完善自我