2024年人教版中考英语二轮复习课件专题五 介词(共17张PPT)

(共17张PPT)
介 词
1.地点、方位介词：
在...上面 3个 on above over
在...下面2个 below under
在...前面 before
在...后面 2个 after behind
在...里面2个 in inside
在...外面 outside
在...旁边3个 beside by near
在...周围 around
在...中间 2个 between(两者) among(三者及以上)
在(小地方) at
1.There is a bridge_______(在..上面)the river.
2.The temperature is________(在..上面)zero.
3.There is a post office________(在..旁边)our school.
over
above
beside
2.时间介词：
in+年/月/季节 in summer/ April in three days
on+具体的某一天 on Sunday on a cold day
at+时间点 at noon/night
before/ after
for+一段时间
since +过去的时间点/句子
by+时间点
during, between, from, till,untill , past/to
3.动作介词
3个穿过:
across，表面穿过 go across the street swim across the river
through 内部穿过 go through the forest
over从上面越过 fly over the mountain
towards 朝；向 go towards sb.
along 沿着 go along
agaist 倚着；靠着；反对 beat heavily against the window
fight against 对抗 ；和...抗争
have nothing against doing不反对...
考点1.时间介词
介词三原则：
1.不可单独做谓语 2.后+名词、动名词(doing)、代词的宾格
3.地点副词前无介词 here, there, upstairs, downstairs, home, abroad
go home, go abroad, go downstairs
考点1.时间介词
【补充】
1．表地点时：in+大地点； at+小地点
arrive in China; arrive at the bus stop
2.“across＋表面”表示“横过”；
“through＋空间”表示“内部穿过”“贯穿”；
“over”表示从“上面越过”
go across the street swim across the river
fly over the mountain go through the forest
3.between“在两者中间”
among在三者或三者以上的人或事物中间”。
{注意}如果把三者或三者以上的人或事物分别看待，指每两者之间，也可用between。
Some markets open_____ 8：30 a．m._______8：00 p．m.
Do the students know the differences_______the four words？
Don't eat ________the two meals.
考点2.方位介词
at
at
between
between
4．表示“在……上”时，不是都用“on”，有时须用in。
其他常见介词【补充】
1.about “关于; 大约”
talk about sth.谈论关于...的事； ask sb. about sth.
2.against倚；靠；反对；对抗 --be against/ be for
3.along “沿着” go along
4.around在...周围/附近； 大约=about
5.beside在...旁边
6.during在....期间during the last few years--现在完成时
7.from从...起；从...来
from now on从现在起 come from从...来
8.inside在....里面； outside在....外面
9.into进入 fly into go into
10.like像 look like看起来像 feel like感觉像；喜欢
11.opposite 在...对面 12.near靠近；接近
13.of ...的 the+n.+of 14.until/ till 直到....
15.towards对；向；朝
(五)介词短语
1．介词和动词的固定搭配
(1)同一动词和不同介词的搭配
look at (看) 　　　 　 look for(寻找) look after(照顾) look over(检查) look out of (朝……外面看)
look (a)round(环视) look up 查询；向上看
arrive in＋大地方(到达) arrive at＋小地方(到达)
hear of (听说) hear from(收到……的来信)
spend＋钱＋on sth.(花钱在某物上)
spend＋时间＋(in) doing sth.(花时间做某事)
(2)同一介词和不同动词的搭配
ask for (要求)　　 leave for (动身去)
send for (派人去请)　 pay for (付钱)
wait for (等待) agree with sb.(同意某人)
begin with (以……开始) help with (在……方面帮助)
catch up with (赶上)
get on/along with (与……和睦相处)
make friends with (与……交朋友)
(3)其他的介词和动词的搭配
listen to (听) 　 come from (来自……)
fall off (从……掉下)　 knock at/on (敲)
prefer...to... (比起……更喜欢……)
learn by oneself (自学) take care of (照顾)
take part in (参与) stop...(from) doing (阻止……做……)
help oneself to＋食物 (随便吃……)
get to (到达) thanks to (多亏；由于)
2．介词和形容词的常见搭配
be good at (擅长……)
be weak in (在……方面差)
be good for (对……有好处)
be bad for (对……有坏处)
be late for (迟到)
be sorry for (为……遗憾；抱歉)
be full of (充满)
be busy with (忙于)
be angry with sb.(对某人生气)
be afraid of (害怕)
be interested in (对……感兴趣)
be different from (与……不同)
be strict with sb.(对某人严格)
be strict in sth.(对某事严格)
be famous for(因……出名)
3．be used for(＝be used to do sth.)意为“被用来做……”。介词for表示用途，后接名词或动词 ing形式
be used by 意为“被……使用”，介词by后面接动作的执行者。
be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做…”，to是介词
介词训练专项
1．I sometimes help my mom with her housework________ Saturdays.
A．at B．in C．on D．to
2．The sweet smell of the flowers in the garden comes in ________ the open window, making us feel in a good mood(心情)．
A．on B．with C. through
3．—What can I do for you
—I hope I have a nice house ________ a big garden.
A．of B．with C. from D．about
4．Some workers in that factory have to work ________ night.
A．at B．for C．with D．among
5．—Is your father home —No，he's working late ___ the office.
A．on B．at C．of D．to
6．The 20th World Cup Opening Ceremony was held in Brazil ____ June 12th, 2014.
A．in B．at C. on
C、C、B、A、B、C
7．—How soon will his father come back from London —________ a week.
A．Since B．In C．At D．On
8．Most people are ________ building a paper factory near here. They are worried the river will get polluted.
A．For B．With C．Against D．Beyond
9．You see, Kevin is writing _____ his left hand.
A．at B. as C．for D．with
10．It's very kind ____him to help me when I'm in trouble.
A．for B．to C．of D．with
11．—Would you please tell me the way to the Pacific Hotel
—Go_____ the post office, and you will find it on the left.
A．pass B．past C．to pass D．passed
B、C、D、C、B
12．Now, people regard drinking tea ___ a culture more than a habit.
A．as B．by C．of D．with
13．Meimei is a beautiful girl ________ big eyes and dark hair.
A．in B．on C．at D．with
14．The story he told us happened________ the night of May 5.
A．in B．at C．by D．on
15．Mother's Day is ________ the second Sunday in May in the United States.
A．on B．in C. at
16．—Who did you go to the movie ________？
—Nobody. I went alone.
A．with B．about C．for D．from
17．Don't go to school __ breakfast. It's a bad habit.
A．after B．with C. without
A、D、D、A、A、C
Thank you!