辽宁省部分市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

辽宁省部分市
2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
辽宁省丹东市2023-2024高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Instagram is one of the most popular photo apps. Animal photos are huge on it, with creatures such as tigers, monkeys holding millions of tags (标签) each. This year Instagram reveals the top four most Instagrammable animals that can be found in the UK.
1. Rabbit — 18.7 million tags
Our clear winner is the rabbit. Popular as pets, rabbits are a common sight in many UK homes. Although it is a symbol of Easter, rabbits can be seen year-round. Shy, danger-averse animals, wild rabbits will run away when threatened, which may make it tricky to get the perfect shot of them.
2. Duck — 8.2 million tags
A variety of duck species native to the UK can be seen year-round, close to bodies of water. The Mallard with its bright yellow beak and emerald green head is well-known to many of us. Ducks tend to stick together in groups, so visit your local pond or river to try and spot a flock to photograph!
3. Robin — 4.4 million tags
The red-breasted robin is associated with winter and Christmas. Robins will protect their space aggressively and won’t hesitate to drive away interlopers (闯入者) . Interestingly, robins can often be heard singing at night in that they mistake artificial light, such as street lamps for daylight. Try to catch a quick shot of a robin singing to the street lamps at dusk!
4. Hedgehog — 4.3 million tags
Hedgehogs are nocturnal creatures and hibernate during the coldest months. You’re most likely to catch sight of one on a summer evening in dry spaces. Hedgehogs can travel as far as 12 miles in a single night!A baby hedgehog is known by the sweet name of “hoglet” and a little hedgehog family makes for the perfect picture if you can capture it without frightening the animals.
1．Which animal is associated with Easter
A．Rabbit. B．Duck. C．Robin. D．Hedgehog
2．Why are robins often heard singing at night
A．Because they try to guard against shots.
B．Because they attempt to drive away interlopers.
C．Because they tend to mix artificial light up with daylight.
D．Because they want to express their affection for street lamps.
3．What do these four animals have in common
A．They are all active at night. B．They are all social animals.
C．They are all found in urban areas. D．They are all popular on Instagram.
B
When Liam Pope-Lau fell into the ocean during a sailing lesson, he had no idea what he was in for. “I just remember how cold it was,” Liam recalls. “It really scared me and shook me up.” Thankfully, he was wearing a life jacket, but the water was freezing.
Liam’s scary experience inspired him to team up with his friend, Fraser Tuck, in his Grade 6 science class at the time. Together they came up with the idea of “LifeHeat” — a self-heating life jacket that could one day help someone in a similar situation. During the first phase, they concentrated on finding a chemical that creates heat upon contact with water. After a series of investigations, Liam and Fraser came across calcium chloride (氯化钙). It soon became LifeHeat’s primary chemical component, which allowed the life jacket to remain warm underwater.
Over the next two years, Fraser and Liam built 13 prototypes (模型) of LifeHeat. But instead of building multiple life jackets from scratch (从零开始), the two focused on creating an attachable pouch (荷包). When the pouch came in contact with water, it could heat the body’s core. For each prototype, Liam and Fraser experimented with different materials that could contain calcium chloride while still allowing its heat to escape. In the process, they experienced countless failures which, however, led them to be more creative.
The two have entered their many prototypes into several science competitions over the last two years. In November last year, Liam and Fraser won two awards at a big science fair. They are now taking the feedback they received from experts and applying it to their next prototype. Liam and Fraser anticipate turning their invention into a business.
As for future inventors, Fraser and Liam have advice for kids who want to create their own new technology. “Don’t be afraid to try it out because you never know where it could end up,” said Liam. “Go for it before someone else can steal your idea,” added Fraser with a laugh.
4．What gives Liam the desire to invent the “LifeHeat”
A．A science class. B．An amusing experience.
C．A special life jacket. D．A cold struggle in water.
5．What do the Fraser and Liam focus on initially
A．Finding a suitable chemical. B．Building multiple life jackets.
C．Creating an attachable pouch. D．Testing the prototypes of LifeHeat.
6．What can we learn about the “LifeHeat”
A．It has been put on the market.
B．It is invented through trial and error.
C．Two of its prototypes won awards at a science fair.
D．The attachable pouch is the most important part of it.
7．Which of the following can best describe Fraser and Liam
A．Humorous and ambitious. B．Courageous and competitive.
C．Creative and determined. D．Humble and intelligent.
C
Have you ever read your horoscope (占星预言) and thought the predictions were extraordinarily accurate If so, you’ve experienced the Barnum effect, also called the Forer effect. This psychological phenomenon refers to the tendency of people to believe that unclear, general statements are specific descriptions of themselves. The Barnum effect works exceptionally well for positive statements, as most people enjoy praise and reject criticism. It’s named after American showman P. T. Barnum, who’s strongly associated with the phrase, “There’s a sucker (容易上当的人) born every minute.” This announcement conveys humans are easily tricked by nature and desire to believe the good things they’re told about themselves.
This common cognitive bias (认知偏见) was demonstrated through an experiment conducted by American professor Bertram R. Forer in 1948. His students completed individual personality tests and were told that they would be analyzed and tailored feedback would be returned. Most students evaluated the feedback quality as very accurate. However, Forer had given each student the exact same results! General statements like “You have a great need for people to like and admire you” and “You have a tendency to be critical of yourself’ applied to almost everyone.
We’re used to identifying universally valid statements in astrology (占星术) and fortune-telling, but where else can we see the Barnum effect Digital platforms like Netflix and Spotify generate content recommendations on our profile. These are partly based on our user history, but they’re also general lists suggested for many users at the same time. However, we’re more likely to consume content when we think it’s personally selected for us!
To avoid being fooled by the Barnum effect, be aware that it’s happening and stay skeptical. Look for specific statements, not general ones. While being fooled may not be detrimental sometimes, avoiding being controlled by the Barnum effect can help prevent us from making decisions that may not be rational or wise.
8．Why dose the Barnum effect work especially well for positive statements
A．Because most people are born suckers.
B．Because most people prefer admiration.
C．Because positive statements are unclear.
D．Because rejecting criticism is a tricky business.
9．What can we know about the students participating in the experiment
A．They analyzed their personalities precisely.
B．They have nothing but praise for Bertram R. Forer.
C．All of them have a tendency to be critical of themselves.
D．Most of them considered the general statements as tailored feedback.
10．What does the underlined word “detrimental” mean
A．Pleased. B．Innocent. C．Sensible. D．Harmful.
11．What is the purpose of the text
A．To warn people of the Barnum effect.
B．To present solutions to a common bias.
C．To persuade people out of fortune-telling.
D．To define the meaning of the Barnum effect.
D
A surprising finding that the inner core may recently have slowed down was published in Nature Geoscience. Let’s get to the core of how the Earth works to better understand the scientific findings.
The Earth is composed of several layers: the crust, which is the surface we live on; the mantle, which begins below the crust and ends at the outer core; the outer core, which is made of hot liquid metal; and the inner core, which is believed to be a solid metal ball of iron and nickel. Scientists believe that the inner core may “floats” in the liquid metal and rotate (转动) independently of the rest of Earth’s layers.
The study’s authors propose the Earth’s inner core may be experiencing a slowdown and that this difference can be measured by observing a change in how seismic waves (地震波) pass through the Earth’s center during an earthquake. Older data shows a lot of change in the wave patterns while passing through the core, but recent data shows the changes are no longer as visible. After analyzing the patterns of seismic waves through the decades, scientists theorize the Earth’s inner core changes its rotational speed over time. Different studies have concluded that these changes in speed follow a pattern that may range from 20 to 70 years. The observed changes in the inner core’s behavior are likely caused by magnetic forces acting on it, which is produced by the movement of liquid iron in the outer core. Although the core’s spin seems to be independent, we know that all layers of the Earth interact and experience effects from each other.
We have much more to learn about Earth and its physical processes. Scientists say that many years of continuous recording and study of seismic data are necessary to get answers. Until then, we must be patient. The investigation of this phenomenon will definitely lead us under the surface and into the core of understanding our planet!
12．Which layer is surrounded by the liquid metal
A．The crust. B．The mantle. C．The outer core. D．The inner core.
13．Which of the following may be a reason for the inner core’s slowdown
A．Magnetic forces. B．Seismic waves. C．Human activities. D．Rotation patterns.
14．What does the author think of the research into the Earth’s core
A．Promising. B．Ridiculous. C．Pointless. D．Questionable.
15．What would be the best title for this text
A．How does the Earth Work
B．Is the Earth’s Core Slowing Down
C．Is it Necessary to Record Seismic Data
D．What is Special about the Earth’s Core
辽宁省辽阳市2023-2024高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Surrounded by the clear waters of the Caribbean Sea, Barbados has something for every kind of traveller. Here are four different places that will attract worldwide visitors.
1st and 2nd Street
A tour of these two famous streets easily reveals the after-dark appeal. Restaurants line both sides of the street, offering a wide range of cuisines. You are sure to find something you like here, as the restaurants include typical Indian, Italian and French cuisines, which are popular with visitors.
Andromeda Botanic Gardens
Established in 1954, Andromeda Botanic Gardens are owned by the Barbados National Trust and managed by a company. Many of the plants found in the gardens were collected by a family or given as gifts. The gardens provide a peaceful experience in the shade of trees.
Barbados Earthworks Pottery (陶器)
It is an open working pottery studio, free of any entry charge, making functional hand- decorated dinnerware and serving all kinds of pieces in clay. Now you can walk in and meet experienced potters creating the works of high quality, which are made for being used on the table.
Barbados Museum &Historical Society
Located in the Barbados’ UNESCO World Heritage Property, the Barbados Museum’s galleries are housed in the 19th-century buildings and reveal the island’s rich history, culture and heritage. There is a shop that is the ideal place to see unique Barbadian souvenirs and gifts such as prints, the 18th-century maps and books.
1．What does 1st and 2nd Street feature
A．Food. B．Pottery. C．Plants. D．Galleries.
2．What can visitors do at Andromeda Botanic Gardens
A．Collect books. B．Receive free gifts.
C．Enjoy quietness. D．Make something in clay.
3．Which is the most suitable place to appreciate Barbadian cultural heritage
A．lst and 2nd Street.
B．Andromeda Botanic Gardens.
C．Barbados Earthworks Pottery.
D．Barbados Museum &Historical Society.
B
It’s said that Thomas Edison found an unusual way to enjoy piano music. As someone played, the famous inventor, who had been deaf, would move close to the instrument and bite it. In his own words, it allowed him to “hear through his teeth”.
Robert Friedman, who was in the business of buying and selling pianos, recently showed off marks on a piano that was once owned by Edison. The piano had groups of small marks above the keyboard. He was surprised by the tooth marks left by the inventor of the phonograph (留声机) , a music playing device.
Edison invented the phonograph in 1877. Edison ever asked for the piano at the lowest price. When he bought the piano and put it in the lab, he was experimenting with sound recording. He owned the instrument for many years, so it was possibly used in early recordings.
There aren’t photographs of Edison biting this piano. But he was thought to bite into phonographs and pianos to help him experience music as his hearing worsened. His daughter once remembered that a guest cried on the spot at the sight of Edison biting into a piano as someone played it.
Friedman calls himself the piano hunter. He finds and buys the famous pianos from people and then sells them, usually to dealers. But this piano is more complex. He is now looking for the right home for the instrument. Friedman says that he believes that it belongs to someplace where many people can see it. Friedman does not want it to go back into private hands because of its connection to Edison. He has to find a historical group that will buy the piano, which he is offering to sell for what it cost him.
4．What was Edison’s purpose in biting the piano
A．To record his day. B．To enjoy its music.
C．To express his anger. D．To mark its importance.
5．Why did Edison buy the piano
A．To perform music. B．To decorate his lab.
C．To test the phonograph’s recording. D．To sell it at a very higher price later.
6．How did the guest feel about Edison’s behavior
A．Impressed. B．Pleased. C．Puzzled. D．Embarrassed.
7．What will Friedman do with the piano
A．Give it away. B．Make a fortune
C．Sell it at the original price. D．Keep it somewhere for himself.
C
In 1983, Ski Rixen USA became the first water ski cable park in the United States. Located in Deerfield Beach, Florida, the park offers riders a chance to experience all kinds ofwater sports.
In the past 40 years, Six Rixen USA has welcomed more than 1.5 million visitors. The park was the brainchild of engineer Bruno Rixen. Born in 1931 in Germany, Rixen grewfrustrated with the sport of water skiing, which required pulling by a motor boat.
“He used to wait for four hours in line to do three laps around the lake, ” explained Allan Wlodarczyk, the manager of Ski Rixen USA. He added that riding five minutes and waiting another four hours sparked Rixen’s idea of cable parks. Rather than relying on a boat, Rixen considered his own cable way. He also designed skis and set up a power source.
“The first cable was actually an old farm tractor, ” Wlodarczyk said. “Rixen took the wheels off, attached some ropes to the wheel disks, and started pulling people back and forth around the lake.” Over the years, Rixen improved his design and earned several patents. He opened the world’s first commercial cable water park in 1966 in Benidorm, Spain.
The sport grew from entertainment to international contests. Rixen died in 2020, but his idea has taken hold around the world. Today, there are more than 500 cable water parks on different continents. Typically, the cable tows riders at a speed of about 20 miles per hour.
But for beginners, who can take lessons, the speed is about 15 miles per hour.
Ski Rixen USA also offers riding opportunities and events to people with special needs to ski effortlessly. “We have a specially designed ski, called a sit ski,” Wlodarczyk said. “It’s a larger board with a lot of surface area. The riders are completely seated in the water and don’t actually have to hold onto the rope.”
8．What does the underlined word “brainchild” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Idea. B．Area. C．Birthplace D．Destination
9．What did Wlodarczyk mainly intend to tell us in paragraph 3
A．How Rixen protected the lake.
B．How Rixen set up a power source.
C．How much Rixen liked water skiing.
D．How Rixen created his cable water park.
10．In what way is Rixen the pioneer of the cable water park
A．He brought fun to visitors.
B．He invented a cable tractor.
C．He turned it into a business.
D．He made cables travel fastest.
11．What do we know about the sit ski
A．It is easy to ride. B．It runs extremely quickly.
C．It offers a narrow board. D．It is dangerous for the riders.
D
A lunar crystal (水晶) was found in lunar basalt particles (玄武岩颗粒) collected from the moon in 2020 when the Chinese moon mission landed in Oceanus Procellarum, returning with more than 1.7 kg of lunar samples delivered safely to the Earth.
The crystal found on the near side of the moon is giving scientists hope of providing limitless power for the world forever. It is made of material previously unknown to the scientific community and contains a key ingredient for the nuclear fusion (核聚变) process, a form of power generation that uses the same forces that fuel the sun and other stars. It is transparent and roughly the width of a single human hair, and it formed in a region of the moon where volcanoes were active around 1.2 billion years ago.
One of the primary ingredients found in this crystal is helium-3 (氦-3) , which scientists believe may provide a stable fuel source for nuclear fusion reactors. The element is incredibly rare on the Earth, but it seems to be fairly common on the moon. China’s next moon mission is expected to be carried out by Chang’e 6 in 2024, which will attempt to collect the first samples from the far side of the moon, which never faces the Earth.
Although it is too early for scientists to have made financial estimates on such a fuel source, it will undoubtedly be extremely costly. There is, of course, the matter of bringing the crystals back from the moon, especially in large amounts that are needed to fuel fusion reactors.
Helium-3 produces significantly less radiation and nuclear waste than other elements. The current nuclear fusion process has raised serious safety concerns, and as a result, scientists have been searching for a way to create nuclear power from nuclear fusion. During the fusion process, radioactive waste is not produced, potentially making a securer and more efficient fuel source.
Around 25 tons of helium-3 could power the US for a year. Multiple private companies and countries with space agencies have signaled their intentions to mine the moon for helium-3, and this latest discovery could kick start the race.
12．What can we learn about the crystal
A．It is 1.7 centimeters wide.
B．It is expected to power the Earth.
C．It is commonly found on the Earth.
D．It is made of previously familiar material.
13．What will Chang’e 6 try to do in the next moon mission
A．Collect up nuclear waste.
B．Find out the elements of helium-3.
C．Set up lunar nuclear fusion reactors.
D．Take back the samples of lunar crystals.
14．What is helium-3 as fuel expected to be like
A．It is low in cost. B．It is clean and safe.
C．It absorbs radiation. D．It produces no waste.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．A Struggling Race to Make Crystals
B．An Undoubted Discovery Powering the US
C．An Efficient Way to Collect Crystals from the Moon
D．A Rare Moon Crystal Discovered by Chinese Scientists
辽宁省大连市2023-2024高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共15小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
To help you plan a memorable 2024 winter vacation trip with the best travel experiences, we specifically designed Featured China Winter Tours including winter-featured destinations suitable for in-depth exploration. Travel with us!
Xishuamgbanna
Nicknamed "Litle Thailand", Xishuangbanna owns awe-inspiring scenery, unique Dai minority culture and an all-year-round pleasant climate.
What to do:
●Enjoy tropical botanical landscape, and experience an exciting walk on the “air corridor” hanging 100 meters above the original rainforest.
●Visit local markets and step into some best-preserved Dai villages and royal gardens.
Chengdu
Whether you w:at to enjoy a short break in Chengdu, or extend to the impressive sites in its west, you are spoiled with many choices.
What to do:
●Get to Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda to see over 100 giant pandas.
●Travel a litle further to Huanglong National Park. During the winter season, it's less
visited and full of poetic atmosphere with all previous colors turning into silver. To relieve altitude (海拔) sickness, you need sleep well and keep a calm mood.
Harbin
Having the most bitterly cold winters among major Chinese cities with average daytime temperatures as low as-13°C, Harbin is referred to as "Ice City".
What to do:
●Visit Ice and Snow World to appreciate ice snow sculptures, enjoy the featured architecture capped with snow, or take part in some activities on the ice.
●Add two days to China Snow Town, where you can immerse(沉浸) yourselves in the fairy-tale world and enjoy various snow activities. Since the shuttle bus to Snow Town is subject to change in winter, please check out the link for real-time schedules.
21, What can you do in Xishuangbanna
A. Get inspiration from scenery. B. Admire the beauty of local plants.
C. Walk in the rainforest directly. D. Volunteer to preserve Dai culture.
22. What do the destinations have in common
A. High altitude landscape. B. Mild winter temperature.
C. Plentiful historical sites. D. Multiple selected attractions.
23. Where does the text probably come from
A. A website. B. A fairytale. C. A yearbook. D. A newspaper.
B
Getting into science is often difficult for some kids, It's something Ahmed Muhammad learned quickly while babysitting his niece and nephew.
Muhammad is an 18-year-old senior from California. who attends Oakland Tech High school. One day he asked his niece and nephew if they wanted to do science, and he was upset by their reaction.
"Whenever I babysit them, we do things like playing chess, playing video games, or watching TV or whatever. When I tried to do science with them, they were like, No, I hate science. I'm bad at it. 'It was that moment that fueled Muhammad to create his nonprofit called "Kits Cubed" with a mission to introduce kids to science through fun, affordable and accessible means.
"I went into my room and I pulled out some science books. Then I went online and did some research and was able to design some science experiments for them to do at home. The materials were composed of fairly cheap stuff we have around the house, and they loved it" Muhammad said.
After witnessing their joy, he realized other children could benefit from it as well. "Having noticed the long-standing absence of science experiments in our school, I really feel like well need some science kits in the hands of kids, ”Muhammad said.
That's when he took the $200 he had saved to create a website and began creating science kits to sell, and eventually donated the earnings to kids in need. "I had enough money to make the website and enough to put together like 10 or 15 kits. My initial goal was the joy that my niece and nephew felt. I wanted it to get to as many kids as possible, "Muhammad said.
Muhammad, who has been accepted to Stanford University, is just thrilled he was able to help change his niece and his nephew's opinion of science while inspiring others as well.
24. What is the main pursuit of Kits Cubed
A. To solve the absence of science at school.
B. To promote acceptance of scientific spirit.
C. To provide free access to household stuff.
D. To set in motion kids' passion for science.
25. What made Muhammad decide to share the science kits
A. Online research he carried out about materials.
B. Enjoyable reactions he observed from the kids.
C. Science books he published about experiments.
D. Science fairs he participated in at his own school.
26. What can be known about his website
A. It targeted at kids aged from 10 to 15.
B. It received donations for kids in need.
C. It was primarily funded by local school.
D. It initially profited from sales of science kits.
27. Which of the following best describes Muhammad
A. Composed. B. Childlike. C. Charitable. D. Cooperative.
C
Biomedical breakthroughs sometimes happen in the most unlikely places. Take the deep sea for an illustration. Under extreme conditions, at times of no oxygen, microbes (微生物 )not only survive there, but they thrive. This incredible adaptation offers insight into how life evolved billions of years ago and how modern humans may be able to fight infections and diseases-tests used to diagnose(诊断)some viruses were developed with the help of enzyme (酶)separated from microbes found in ocean.
"We've found marine microbes that produce antimicrobials—basically chemical weapons that help them fight off other organisms and resist viruses, "says Virginia Bdgcomb, a microbiologist investigating deep-sea bacteria. These microbes feed on tough substances and produce antimicrobial chemicals.
The deep sea has already given us chemicals to treat certain cancer or nerve damage. Breakthroughs have also come from the ocean depths in the form of diagnostic tools.
The pathway to developing tests started back in 1969 when some heat-loving microbes were found in the depth of 5000 meters beneath the sea. By mid-1980s, the humble microbes
had enabled a major advance in the emerging field of genetics, Scientists found that their enzymes remained stable enough to make millions of copies of a single DNA sequence( 序 列 ) in just a few hours, essentially upgrading geneticists' tools.
“A lot of people think of the deep sea as a desert, ”Virginia says. “To our naked eye, it looks like there's nothing there but there's huge potential. What I can do as a science researcher is record the remarkable diversity of microbes and make their gene sequence available, which may help lead to treatment or diagnostic tool in the future. ”
“We need to have people constantly exploring the fascinating habitats in order to continue uncovering a new page of medically-relevant enzymes, "Virginia says. "This is tough, but I do hope people realize that the more we can learn about microbes, the better off we are. ”
28. What does paragraph 1 aim to tell us
A. The need to deal with infections and diseases.
B. Incredible conditions for microbes to survive.
C. Biomedical inspirations from undersea microbes.
D. Significant breakthroughs of human development.
29. It can be inferred from the text that marine microbes ___________________.
A. develop adaptability even in tough conditions.
B. merely enhance our understanding of diseases.
C. lead to progress in tools to test stable enzymes.
D. present us with treatment for common cancers.
30. What do Virginia Edgcomb's words in the last two paragraphs suggest
A. More awareness of microbes will benefit humans.
B. The deep sea microbes may help us with desert issues.
C. Researchers' future task is to record medical treatment.
D. We should explore more habitats to free us from microbes.
31. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Chemical weapons against viruses.
B. Finding answers in the deep ocean.
C. A look back at research in microbes.
D. Future ways to upgrade human DNA.
D
OpenAI's automated AI-powered chatbot ChatGPT has taken the internet by storm, but not without creating a few issues on the way. With writers, marketers, and seemingly everyone else in between using ChatGPT to generate content, companies worldwide are staring down a tsunami of AI-generated content, With issues of safety and stolen contents constantly swirling around ChatGPT and its output, OpenAI has now released GPT-Classifier, a tool designed to detect whether the text you're reading was generated by ChatGPT or one of its other GPT tools.
GPT-Classifier attempts to figure out if a given piece of text was human-written or the work of an Al-generator. While ChatGPT and other GPT models are trained extensively on all manners of text input, the GPT-Classifier tool is fine-tuned on a dataset of pairs of human-written text and AI-written text on the same topic. In other words, the GPT-Classifier attempts to compare similarities between known human text and known AI text to find inconsistency that reveal the source writer.
While the idea of easily spotting AI-generated text will be music to the ears of editors and educators, OpenAI has warned that its classifier is not fully reliable.
A test of the GPT-Classifier spotted a human-generated example and marked it very unlikely to be AI-generated, and also correctly indicated that a ChatGPT-generated piece on USB issues was possibly AI generated. Currently, GPT-Classifier correctly identifies 26%of AI-written text while labeling 9%of human text as AI-written. OpenAI also notes that the tool's accuracy typically improves as the length of the input text increases. For now, although GPT-Classifier is up and running and available for testing, it's best to take its labeling with a pinch of salt
Even with the GPT-Classifier's limitations, the demand for reliable ChatGPT detection is likely to see many people turn to this tool. OpenAI's commitment to building and releasing a free GPT detection tool is important because as more students, Writers, programmers, and others use AI-text generation tools, understanding and detecting this input will become vital.
32. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. GPT-Classifier's components. B. GPT-Classifier's vast datasets.
C. GPT-Classifier's high productivity. D. GPT-Classifier's working principle
33. What does the underlined part mean in paragraph 4
A. Accept with certain doubt. B. Reform with sufficient testing.
C. Judge with reasonable grounds. D. Classify with multiple attempts.
34. What does the last paragraph imply
A. GPT-Classifier wipes out users' belief in AI.
B. GPT-Classifier demands more students' trust.
C. GPT-Classifier meets diverse growing needs.
D. GPT-Classifier has a limited range of services.
35. What is the author's attitude towards the launch of GPT-Classifier
A. Critical. B. Opposing. C. Tolerant. D. Approving.
辽宁省锦州市2023-2024高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You can either travel or read, but either your body or soul must be on the way. Here are four books that you can take on your trip.
1. On the Road, 1957, by Jack Kerouac
The book is a popular guidebook about youth. The main character drives across the US continent with several young people and finally reaches Mexico. After the trip, the characters begin to realize the meaning of life.
2. Life Is Elsewhere, 1975, by Milan Kundera
Jean-Jacques Rousseau once said, “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” The book describes a young artist's romantic but bitter life, about how he reads, dreams and has a relationship during his trip to Central Europe. The book invites you to deeply reflect on your current life and to honor the Czech-born writer Kundera.
3. My Name Is Red, 1998, by Orhan Pamuk
The book, a masterpiece of the Nobel Prize winner for Literature Orhan Pamuk, has been translated into more than 50 languages and published around the world. It describes a young man, who was away from home for 12 years, coming back to his hometown in Istanbul. What embraces him is not only love, but a series of murder cases as well.
4. The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry,2013, by Rachel Joyce
The novel tells a story of a 60-year-old man who lived a boring and unhappy life, until one day, he received his old friend's letter who got cancer. In deep shock and sorrow, he went out to send his reply letter.627 miles in 87 days, he walked depending on one belief that “his friend can survive as long as he walks”.
21. Whose book can make you rethink your own life
A. Jack Kerouac. B. Milan Kundera.
C. Orhan Pamuk. D. Rachel Joyce.
22. Which of the following books was sold globally
A. My Name Is Red. B. On the Road.
C. Life Is Elsewhere. D. The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry.
23. Why did the old man walk 627 miles to send a letter
A. He walked to keep healthy.
B. He was in deep shock and sorrow.
C. He expected his friend to live longer.
D. He lived a very boring and unhappy life.
B
A mother of nine started medical school, graduated with her degree and plans to be a neurosurgeon(神经外科医生).
Sarah Merrill, now 41, said her journey to medical school began at age 17. She then met her husband and got married. But she decided to follow her dream of attending medical school. Certainly, it was a challenge. She owed her success to her husband’s approval. “When I was accepted by the Medicine School, we moved from Pennsylvania to Arizona to start my internship(实习). In fact, they volunteered these movements. I know it was tough for all of us.” said Merrill.
Merrill and her children often have “homework parties” where they study their own courses. Merrill's choice has given a stimulus to her children. Merrill felt touched when knowing her daughter and son want to become a doctor.
Merrill's next step will come into a male-dominated field where women doctors only take up 5%.Dr. Halyard at the Medicine School said Merrill was known as a focused student and added, “If you have the ability to deal with nine children, the internship should be a piece of cake because no amount of stress will make you fail.”
Merrill had considered choosing a more family-friendly major, but, again, chose to dream big and follow her original pursuit. It's the same advice she would give to all. “Set the goal that is what you're really enthusiastic about, and it helps to think small. If you know what your priorities are, focus on the next step. Then you'll get where you want to go.”
24. Why does Merrill speak of their movements
A. To show the support of her family.
B. To stress her determination to be a doctor.
C. To reflect difficulties in attending college.
D. To describe the process of pursuing her dream.
25. What does the underlined word “stimulus” mean in paragraph 3
A. Commitment. B. Inspiration. C. Entertainment. D. Confusion.
26. What does Halyard mean in paragraph 4
A. Merrill will have more stress to handle.
B. Being Mom makes Merrill a better doctor.
C. Staying focused and sensible is key to success.
D. She is confident of Merrill's being a neurosurgeon.
27. What does Merrill suggest at last
A. Starting with important things. B. Getting your priorities right.
C. Being true to your passion. D. Having the courage to dream big.
C
Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Then why is art still widely considered “the easy subject” at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort
Art can connect culture with commercial products; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience.
What's more, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts’ experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people's well-being. The Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used across the world. Life without art would be boring,
for art is a part of what makes us human.
28. Art products differ from most other commercial products because .
A. their prices may climb up as time passes
B. most people purchase them for collection
C. they are more expensive and less accessible
D. they have both commercial and cultural values
29. By sharing their arts experiences, community members can .
A. develop a stronger tie between them
B. keep the community safe from illnesses
C. learn to appreciate their own works of art
D. offer honourable solutions to their problems
30. How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them
A. It helps to make responsible people out of them.
B. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
C. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
D. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
31. What is the best title for this passage
A. How Art Cures Our Hearts B. How Art Benefits Communities
C. Art:A Bridge Between Cultures D. Art: A Blessing to Humankind
D
In the hands of Chinese sill artisans(手艺人), flour is made into lovely models of people or animals. This art form is called do ugh figurine(面塑). Among the various styles, Beijing's Dough Figurine Lang is a unique folk art. His delicate and lovely handicrafts are storytellers of old and new Beijing. In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage.
It was created by Lang Shao'an. He created animals and characters from legends, historical stories, and local operas. The finished product is either put at the end of a thin stick, or on a table for display. Some are mostly for children to eat or play with, with simple forms and vivid decorations, while some are delicate pieces of art work for display only. For this reason, during the making process they are often mixed with additives(添加剂) to prevent them from breaking up, and being eaten by insects. Over the course of his long career, Lang Shao’an developed a set of sill fingers with an elegant artistic sense.
Lang Jiaziyu, born in 1995, is the third-generation inheritor of Dough Figurine Lang. When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascot shaped dough figurines which were highly praised. He looks a bit more fashionable than other folk artisans. In his skilled hands, some figures such as Nezhe are popular with young people.
Like most of the other intangible cultural heritage handicrafts in China, Dough Figurine L A. It reflects Beijing's culture. Lang does not get as much attention from the public. Few young people are willing to take the time to master a skill that does not make money, which has led to a decline in the number of those who are devoted to the handicraft. Good handicrafts need the devotion of artisans from one generation to another.
32. What is special about Dough Figurine Lang
A. It reflects Beijing's culture.
B. It is created by many famous artists.
C. It shows people's lifestyles and beliefs.
D. It is popular with both tourists and the locals.
33. Why do artisans add additives to dough figurines
A. To make do ugh figurines taste good.
B. To keep colors brighter and last longer.
C. To better preserve the finished products.
D. To help shape do ugh into various forms.
34. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. Suggestions for other folk artisans.
B. Different art styles of dough figurines.
C. The popularity of modern dough figurines.
D. Lang Jiaziyu’s achievements as an artisan.
35. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To call on people to master a skill.
B. To appeal to people to value this folk art.
C. To teach people ways to appreciate the handicraft.
D. To persuade people to protect national cultural heritage.
辽宁省葫芦岛市2023-2024高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Volunteering is a great way for teenagers to make a difference and meet new people. There are many different types of volunteer opportunities for teens available. Here are a few volunteer opportunities that you could encourage your teen to take up.
Help at a local food bank
Food banks always welcome donations and new volunteers. They provide perfect volunteering opportunities for those who are interested in helping the homeless. Your teen would be involved in anything, from preparing meals to working behind the scenes to repackage donated food items, serving food, and carrying boxes.
Help at a soup kitchen
A soup kitchen is one of the places where the hungry can get free or affordable meals (usually soup and bread). Most soup kitchens run primarily on donations and the generosity of people. As a soup kitchen volunteer, your child may be made to clean the tables and utensils (用具), help distribute food, cook food and more.
Volunteer for Meals on Wheels
By volunteering for Meals on Wheels, your teen will deliver nutritious meals to the elderly or the disabled. It’s perfect for teens who have just received their driving license and love to get behind the wheel for any reason! They can make a massive impact in a short amount of time. Alternatively, your teen can also volunteer in their kitchen and prepare meals for delivery. With a simple gesture, your teen can bring millions of smiles to people’s lives.
Work with Habitat for Humanity
Habitat for Humanity’s mission is to build or improve a place that someone could call home. Besides helping the community, your teen will learn valuable skills such as repairing fund-raising, painting, and building. You can sign them up for long-term projects or one-time program.
21. What do a food bank and a soup kitchen have in common
A. The food available. B. The source of food.
C. The prices of food. D. The location of stores.
22. Who would be the most suitable for Meals on Wheels
A. Lucy, who likes cooking. B. Linda, who likes drawing.
C. Jack, who can drive a car. D. Peter, who can play football.
23. Which would you choose if you want to learn some skills
A. A local food bank. B. A soup kitchen.
C. Meals on Wheels. D. Habitat for Humanity.
B
As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.
Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification. “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 per cent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilisers (肥料) rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.”
By September 2016, more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
24. How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her
A. They made her decide to leave the country.
B. They helped her better understand her father.
C. They fired her enthusiasm for helping others.
D. They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.
25. What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland
A. Low rainfall. B. Soil pollution.
C. Cold weather. D. Forest damage.
26. Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia
A. To create job opportunities for young people.
B. To help the children obtain a basic education.
C. To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D. To facilitate the protection of their farmland.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Saving Water in Tunisia
B. Holding back the Sahara
C. Planting Trees of Native Species
D. Fighting Poverty in North Africa
C
When the first digital emoticon “:-)” was posted on Sept 19, 1982, by professor Scott Fahlman at Carnegie Mellon University, US, internet history was made. Now, there are more than 3,600 emojis available for us, noted CNN.
“They offer things that words aren’t saying. They clarify that when you say ‘okay’, what kind of okay that is.” Jennifer Daniel—head of the Emoji Subcommittee for the Unicode Consortium, an organization in charge of choosing official emojis—told CNN. Daniel went on to say that emojis add natural elements of face-to-face communication to conversations, such as body language, intonation, volume and eye contact.
But the meanings of emojis are quite different geographically. For example, people in the West prefer to express their feelings through the mouth and chin; so, to show happiness, they often put great emphasis on the corners of the mouth turning up. But in the East, people are more emotionally restrained and their emotions are shown through the eyes instead.
Emojis can be used differently even within the same country. A smiley face with a waving hand is one such example. For most people, this kind of emoji is friendly while some young people use it to show the breakup of a relationship.
Just as language develops, so do emojis. The Unicode Consortium brings out new emojis every year, showing care when it comes to race, gender and other sensitive aspects in new emoji sets. In 2015, it released different skin tones. In 2016, different job emojis were added, such as teacher and firefighter—along with female versions for these jobs. In 2019, emojis of disabled people were added, including emojis of blind people and people in wheelchairs.
What is the future for emojis They are already shaping social media as existing and new platforms evolve to respond to their expanding uses. Will the emoji evolve to become an international language with the growth of digitalization (数字化)？Or is technology changing so fast that emojis could go the way of the emoticon and fade in popularity after the next big thing comes along It is hard to predict—even technology and language experts are divided on the subject.
28. Why do we use emojis, according to Daniel
A. To replace body language.
B. To fully express ourselves.
C. To add fun to the conversation.
D. To stress what we want to say.
29. Which emoji is most likely to be used by people in the West to express happiness
A. A face with a hand over the mouth.
B. A face with a raised eyebrow.
C. A smiley face with a waving hand.
D. A face with an upward curving of the mouth.
30. What does the underlined word “restrained” mean in the third paragraph
A. Recognized. B. Remained. C. Controlled. D. Influenced.
31. What does the author think about the future of emojis
A. It remains to be seen.
B. They will lose favor sooner or later.
C. They will become even more popular.
D. They will develop into a universal language.
D
Taking good care of your teeth may be linked to better brain health, according to a study published in the July 5, 2023, online issue of Neurology. “Our study found that gum (牙龈) disease and tooth loss were linked to brain shrinkage (萎缩) in the hippocampus (海马体), which plays a role in memory and Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔兹海默病),” said study author Satoshi Yamaguchi, Ph.D. of Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan.
The study involved 172 people without memory problems. Their average age was 67. Participants had dental exams and took memory tests at the beginning of the study. They also had brain scans to measure the volume of their hippocampus at the beginning of the study. This was measured again four years later. For each participant, researchers counted the number of teeth and checked for amount of gum disease.
Researchers found that the number of teeth and amount of gum disease was linked to changes in the left hippocampus of the brain. For people with mild gum disease, having fewer teeth was associated with a faster rate of brain shrinkage, which is the same for people with severe gum disease having more teeth. After adjusting for age, researchers found that for people with mild gum disease, the increase in the rate of brain shrinkage due to one less tooth was equal to nearly one year of brain aging. By contrast, for people with severe gum disease the increase in brain shrinkage due to one more tooth was equal to 1.3 years of brain aging.
“These results highlight the importance of preserving the health of the teeth and not just maintaining the teeth,” Yamaguchi said. “The findings suggest that controlling the progression of gum disease through regular dental visits is crucial, and that teeth with severe gum disease may need to be removed and replaced with appropriate false ones.”
Yamaguchi said future studies are needed with larger groups of people. The limitation of the study is that it was conducted in one region of Japan, so the results may not be applied to other locations.
32. What is Yamaguchi’s study mainly about
A. Causes of gum disease.
B. The symptoms of brain shrinkage.
C. Ways to take good care of one’s teeth.
D. The connection between the teeth and the brain.
33. How did researchers reach the conclusion
A. By making comparisons.
B. By referring to previous studies.
C. By conducting a survey among dentists.
D. By proving experts’ theory in experiments.
34. What do the research findings indicate
A. Gum disease is increasing among people.
B. Keeping teeth healthy is of great importance.
C. Removing natural teeth is bad for dental health.
D. Doing a routine dental checkup can avoid gum disease.
35. What is expected of the future studies according to Yamaguchi
A. Exploring treatments for gum disease.
B. Seeking new methods to improve brain health.
C. Involving people from other places in the research.
D. Applying the research to relieve Alzheimer’s disease.
答案：
辽宁省丹东市2023-2024高二上学期期末考试英语试题
1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。最受欢迎的照片应用程序之一Instagram上面有大量的动物照片，文章介绍了今年Instagram所公布的英国最适合在Instagram上分享的四大动物。
1．细节理解题。根据“1. Rabbit — 18.7 million tags”下文介绍中“Although it is a symbol of Easter, rabbits can be seen year-round. (虽然兔子是复活节的象征，但全年都能看到兔子。)”可知，兔子是复活节的象征，即兔子这种动物与复活节联系在一起。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Robin — 4.4 million tags” 下文介绍中“Interestingly, robins can often be heard singing at night in that they mistake artificial light, such as street lamps for daylight. Try to catch a quick shot of a robin singing to the street lamps at dusk!(有趣的是，我们经常能听到知更鸟在晚上唱歌，因为它们把人造光，比如路灯，误认为是日光。试着抓拍一只知更鸟在黄昏时分对着街灯歌唱的镜头吧!)”可知，经常听到知更鸟在晚上唱歌是因为知更鸟把人造光，比如路灯，误认为是日光。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This year Instagram reveals the top four most Instagrammable animals that can be found in the UK.(今年，Instagram公布了在英国最适合在Instagram上分享的动物。)”以及下文对四种动物的介绍可知，这四种动物都是都在Instagram上很受欢迎的动物。故选D。
4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对朋友——Liam和Fraser Tuck发明自热式救生衣的过程。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Liam Pope-Lau fell into the ocean during a sailing lesson, he had no idea what he was in for. “I just remember how cold it was,” Liam recalls. “It really scared me and shook me up. ” Thankfully, he was wearing a life jacket, but the water was freezing.(当Liam Pope-Lau在一次帆船课上掉进海里时，他不知道自己会遇到什么。‘我只记得当时有多冷，’利亚姆回忆道。‘这真的吓到我了，把我吓坏了。’谢天谢地，他穿着救生衣，但水很冷。)”以及第二段中“Liam’s scary experience inspired him to team up with his friend, Fraser Tuck, in his Grade 6 science class at the time. Together they came up with the idea of “LifeHeat”—a self-heating life jacket that could one day help someone in a similar situation. (利亚姆的恐怖经历激发了他和他的朋友弗雷泽·塔克在六年级的科学课上合作。他们一起提出了‘LifeHeat’的想法——一种可以自我加热的救生衣，有朝一日可以帮助处于类似情况的人。)”可知，Liam Pope-Lau在一次帆船课上掉进海里，虽然身穿救生衣，但是在冰冷海水里挣扎的恐怖经历激发他发明自热式救生衣“LifeHeat”的欲望。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“During the first phase, they concentrated on finding a chemical that creates heat upon contact with water.(在第一阶段，他们集中精力寻找一种与水接触就能产生热量的化学物质。) ”可知，在最初阶段，Fraser和Liam 专注于寻找一种与水接触就能产生热量的化学物质；由此可知，他们一开始专注于找一种合适的化学物质。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“For each prototype, Liam and Fraser experimented with different materials that could contain calcium chloride while still allowing its heat to escape. In the process, they experienced countless failures which, however, led them to be more creative.(对于每个模型，Liam and Fraser都用不同的材料进行了实验，这些材料既可以含有氯化钙，又可以让它的热量逸出。在这个过程中，他们经历了无数的失败，但这也让他们更有创造力。)”可推知，“LifeHeat”是通过反复试验才发明出来的。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Over the next two years, Fraser and Liam built 13 prototypes (模型) of LifeHeat. But instead of building multiple life jackets from scratch (从零开始), the two focused on creating an attachable pouch (荷包). When the pouch came in contact with water, it could heat the body’s core. For each prototype, Liam and Fraser experimented with different materials that could contain calcium chloride while still allowing its heat to escape. In the process, they experienced countless failures which, however, led them to be more creative.(在接下来的两年里，Fraser和Liam 构建了13个 LifeHeat模型。但是，两人并没有从头开始制作多件救生衣，而是专注于创建一个可贴附的荷包。当荷包与水接触时，它可以加热身体的核心。对于每个模型，Liam和Fraser都尝试了不同的材料，这些材料可能含有氯化钙，同时仍可以让其热量逸出。在这个过程中，他们经历了无数的失败，然而，这使他们更具创造力。)”可知，Liam和Fraser在构建了13个 LifeHeat模型后，没有从头开始制作多件救生衣，而是创建一个可贴附的荷包，用于每种模型的实验；在整个实验过程中，他们经历了无数的失败，但是他们没有放弃，相反，失败他们更具创造力。由此可知，Liam和Fraser非常具有创造性且很有决心。故选C。
8．B 9．D 10．D 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“人们会相信占星术、算命”这一现象背后的巴纳姆效应，说明了其定义、由来、背后的心理机制、以及证实这一效应的实验，并补充了其在当今数字平台生成的内容推荐中的体现，提醒我们要警惕被这种效应愚弄。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Barnum effect works exceptionally well for positive statements, as most people enjoy praise and reject criticism. (巴纳姆效应尤其适用于积极的陈述，因为大多数人喜欢赞美，拒绝批评)”可知，这是因为大多数人更喜欢赞美。故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“His students completed individual personality tests and were told that they would be analyzed and tailored feedback would be returned. Most students evaluated the feedback quality as very accurate. However, Forer had given each student the exact same results! General statements like “You have a great need for people to like and admire you” and “You have a tendency to be critical of yourself’ applied to almost everyone. (他的学生完成了个人性格测试，并被告知他们将被分析，并得到量身定制的反馈。大多数学生评价反馈非常准确。然而，Forer给了每个学生完全相同的结果。像“你非常需要别人喜欢和欣赏你”和“你有挑剔自己的倾向”这样的一般性陈述几乎适用于每个人)”可知，在该实验中，他们中的大多数人把一般性陈述当作了量身定制的反馈。故选D项。
10．词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“avoiding being controlled by the Barnum effect can help prevent us from making decisions that may not be rational or wise (避免受巴纳姆效应的控制可以帮助我们避免做出可能不理性或不明智的决定)”可知，避免受巴纳姆效应的控制对我们是有好处的，再结合While引导的是让步状语从句可推知，此处指“有时被愚弄也许并不是有害的”，detrimental意思应该是“有害的”，与harmful意思一致。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕巴纳姆效应展开，介绍了其定义、由来、背后的心理机制、以及证实这一效应的实验，并说明了其在占星术、算命和数字平台生成的内容推荐中的体现，再结合最后一段中“To avoid being fooled by the Barnum effect, be aware that it’s happening and stay skeptical. Look for specific statements, not general ones. (为了避免被巴纳姆效应愚弄，要意识到它正在发生，并保持怀疑。寻找具体的陈述，而不是笼统的陈述)”可推知，文章是想让我们了解巴纳姆效应，在生活中警惕被这种效应愚弄。故选A项。
12．D 13．A 14．A 15．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《自然地球科学》杂志发表了一项令人惊讶的发现，该研究的作者提出地球内核可能正在经历减速。
12．细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Scientists believe that the inner core may “floats” in the liquid metal and rotate (转动) independently of the rest of Earth’s layers.( 科学家们认为，内核可能“漂浮”在液态金属中，并独立于地球其他层旋转。)”可知，内核被液态金属包围。故选D。
13．细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“The observed changes in the inner core’s behavior are likely caused by magnetic forces acting on it (观测到的内核行为变化很可能是由作用于内核的磁力引起的)”可知，磁力可能是内核减速的原因。故选A。
14．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“The investigation of this phenomenon will definitely lead us under the surface and into the core of understanding our planet! (对这一现象的研究肯定会让我们深入了解我们的星球！)”可知，作者认为这一研究让我们更加深入理解地球，是前途无量。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。文章第一段讲到“A surprising finding that the inner core may recently have slowed down was published in Nature Geoscience. Let’s get to the core of how the Earth works to better understand the scientific findings.(《自然地球科学》杂志发表了一项令人惊讶的发现，内核最近可能已经减速。让我们进入地球如何运作的核心，以更好地理解科学发现)”可知，一项令人惊讶的发现表明地球内核可能正在减速。这篇文章最好的标题是“地核正在减速吗？”故选B。
辽宁省辽阳市2023-2024高二上学期期末考试英语试题
1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了巴巴多斯的四个不同的旅游景点。
1．细节理解题。由1st and 2nd Street部分中“Restaurants line both sides of the street, offering a wide range of cuisines. You are sure to find something you like here, as the restaurants include typical Indian, Italian and French cuisines, which are popular with visitors. (餐馆在街道两旁排列，提供各种各样的美食。你一定会在这里找到你喜欢的东西，因为这里的餐馆包括典型的印度菜、意大利菜和法国菜，这些菜都很受游客的欢迎。)”可知，第一街和第二街提供各种各样的美食。故选A。
2．细节理解题。由文章Andromeda Botanic Gardens部分中“Many of the plants found in the gardens were collected by a family or given as gifts. The gardens provide a peaceful experience in the shade of trees. (在花园里发现的许多植物都是一个家庭收集的或作为礼物赠送的。花园在树荫下提供了一种宁静的体验。)”可知，游客在Andromeda Botanic Gardens可以享受宁静。故选C。
3．细节理解题。由文章Barbados Museum &Historical Society部分中“Located in the Barbados’ UNESCO World Heritage Property, the Barbados Museum’s galleries are housed in the 19th-century buildings and reveal the island’s rich history, culture and heritage. (巴巴多斯博物馆位于巴巴多斯的联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录中，其画廊位于19世纪的建筑中，展示了该岛丰富的历史、文化和遗产。)”可知，Barbados Museum &Historical Society最适合欣赏巴巴多斯文化遗产。故选D。
4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C
【导语】本文是说明文。本文讲述了托马斯·爱迪生用独特方式欣赏钢琴音乐的趣闻，并介绍了爱迪生发明留声机和他如何用极低的价格购买钢琴进行实验。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s said that Thomas Edison found an unusual way to enjoy piano music. As someone played, the famous inventor, who had been deaf, would move close to the instrument and bite it. In his own words, it allowed him to “hear through his teeth”.(据说托马斯·爱迪生发现了一种不寻常的欣赏钢琴音乐的方式。当有人演奏时，这位耳聋的著名发明家就会走近乐器咬它。用他自己的话来说，这让他能够“透过牙齿听到声音”)”可知，爱迪生咬钢琴的目的是透过牙齿听到声音来欣赏音乐。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“Edison invented the phonograph in 1877. Edison ever asked for the piano at the lowest price. When he bought the piano and put it in the lab, he was experimenting with sound recording. He owned the instrument for many years, so it was possibly used in early recordings.(爱迪生在1877年发明了留声机。爱迪生要求以最低的价格买到钢琴。当他买了钢琴并把它放在实验室时，他正在做录音实验。他拥有这台乐器很多年，所以它可能在早期录音中使用过)”可知，爱迪生买钢琴应是来测试留声机的录音效果。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But he was thought to bite into phonographs and pianos to help him experience music as his hearing worsened. His daughter once remembered that a guest cried on the spot at the sight of Edison biting into a piano as someone played it.(但人们认为，随着听力的恶化，他咬着留声机和钢琴来帮助他体验音乐。他的女儿记得有一次，一位客人看到爱迪生咬着别人弹奏的钢琴，当场哭了)”可知，人们认为爱迪生会咬着留声机和钢琴来帮助他体验音乐，一位客人甚至哭了，所以对他的行为是钦佩的。故选A项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He has to find a historical group that will buy the piano, which he is offering to sell for what it cost him.(他必须找到一个愿意购买这架钢琴的历史团体，并以原价出售)”可知，弗里德曼会把钢琴按原价出售。故选C项。
8．A 9．D 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了水上滑索公园的历史、发展、设计以及如何为游客提供体验各种水上运动的机会。
8．词句猜测题。根据第三段“He added that riding five minutes and waiting another four hours sparked Rixen’s idea of cable parks.(他补充说，滑行五分钟然后等待四个小时激发了里克森对缆车公园的想法)”可知，这个公园是Bruno Rixen的创意，推知brainchild意为“创意”，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
9．主旨大意题。根据第三段““He used to wait for four hours in line to do three laps around the lake, ” explained Allan Wlodarczyk, the manager of Ski Rixen USA. He added that riding five minutes and waiting another four hours sparked Rixen’s idea of cable parks. Rather than relying on a boat, Rixen considered his own cable way. He also designed skis and set up a power source.(“他以前要排队等待四个小时才能绕湖滑三圈，”Ski Rixen USA的经理艾伦·沃拉奇克解释说。他补充说，滑行五分钟然后等待四个小时激发了里克森对缆车公园的想法。Rixen不再依赖船只，而是考虑了自己的缆车方式。他还设计了滑雪板并设置了电源)”可知，本段主要讲述了Rixen是怎么建水上乐园的。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段““The first cable was actually an old farm tractor, ” Wlodarczyk said. “Rixen took the wheels off, attached some ropes to the wheel disks, and started pulling people back and forth around the lake.” Over the years, Rixen improved his design and earned several patents. He opened the world’s first commercial cable water park in 1966 in Benidorm, Spain.(“第一条缆绳实际上是一辆旧拖拉机，”沃拉奇克说。“Rixen卸下了车轮，在车轮盘上系了一些绳子，开始在湖上拉人来回。”多年来，Rixen改进了他的设计并获得了多项专利。他在1966年在西班牙的贝尼多姆开设了世界上第一家商业缆车水上公园)”可知，他开设了世界上第一家商业缆车水上公园，把它变成了一门生意，是缆绳水上乐园的先驱。故选C项。
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