中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
01-4说明文阅读理解专题练——2024年新高考英语题型突破
C篇1
(2024届广东省高三上学期适应性考试)A new outdoor fabric(织物)stores energy by day and then lights up at night. Being tested in a city park, this totally “cool” fabric has attracted interest for its many urban uses.
This is the invention of Anai Green, an industrial and product designer based in Tel Aviv, Israel. She designed a fabric that includes organic and solar photovoltaic cells(光伏电池). The cells capture sunlight and store the energy in strips with LEDs. This allows the fabric to shade public space by day. When night falls, these strips light up. Green said, “We use LumiWeave to light public space without carbon emissions, making the lighting all-natural. And we spread light in the area we want to light only.”
The system was designed to adapt to all weather conditions and can continue to provide lighting even after three days without sunlight. In addition, you simply put LumiWeave up and the sun will do the work. This in itself saves 50 percent of the cost of building standard lighting, and it saves 100 percent on the electricity bills. This is great news for cities. Tel Aviv, Green’s hometown, is trying out LumiWeave in AtidimPark.
The mayor of Tel Aviv, Ron Huldai, is making efforts to address climate change. “LumiWeave will turn out to be a groundbreaking project,” Huldai said. The mayor added that LumiWeave is especially important as it solves the issue of shading urban areas and uses clean energy.
The new fabric can be fixed atop bike paths, in children’s parks and in walking areas. Many big cities in Israel are planning on adopting LumiWeave. As there is also use for the fabric in outdoor sitting areas of restaurants and hotels, Green has developed a LumiWeave parasol(大遮阳伞). “We are now developing the possibility of controlling it from the phone—we’re creating an application,” Green said. LumiWeave provides an ideal solution for urban parks and gardens. We hope that it will soon be lighting up night skies around the world.
28. How does the new outdoor fabric work
A. By turning household waste into clean energy.
B. By using photovoltaic cells to promote plant growth.
C. By providing shade and energy in an eco-friendly way.
D. By changing its temperatures according to the weather.
29. Which of the following can be the feature of LumiWeave
A. It’s functional and cost-effective.
B. It takes up a lot of public space.
C. It’s equipped with self-repair materials.
D. It can broadcast weather conditions more quickly.
30. What’s Ron Huldai’s attitude towards LumiWeave
A. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Supportive.
31. What can we infer about LumiWeave from Paragraph 5
A. It may cause safety concerns.
B. It will be further developed for wider use.
C. It will be replaced by more intelligent devices.
D. It can reduce the waiting time in some places.
D篇2
(2024届广东省茂名市高三上学期一模)Researchers have identified a growing threat to astronomy from the sunlight reflecting off communication devices in space. One such device, a communication satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently one of the brightest objects visible from Earth, matching the brightness of Procyon and Achemar, two of the brightest stars in the night sky.
“BlueWalker 3 is visible in both dark sky and urban skies, though in urban settings this will be limited to when BlueWalker 3 passes overhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, a co-author of the study at the University of Atacama in Chile. “Large constellations(星座)of bright artificial satellites in low Earth orbit pose significant challenges to ground-based astronomy,” the study’s authors wrote.
Tregloan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crosses the detector of a telescope, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if not impossible, to remove. This could lead to loss of data from the affected pixels(像素). But he said space-based astronomy also faced challenges from such satellites, noting that observations by the Hubble telescope had increasingly been affected by marks from Starlink satellites. Besides, the team notes the radio frequencies used by BlueWalker 3 are close to those used for radio astronomy, raising the possibility that such satellites could cause interference.
While BlueWalker 3 was folded when it was launched last year, once in space it opened up to reveal a huge surface area that reflected sunlight. Tregloan-Reed added that even if all the reflective brightness of all satellites was reduced to below the level visible by the naked eye, “the sky background glow will increase due to the accumulative effect of having hundreds of thousands of satellites from various operators from many countries in low Earth orbit. It is disastrous!”
BlueWalker 3, built by AST Space Mobile, is just the first one to be launched. The company is planning a constellation of satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, consisting of over 100 similar satellites and aimed to provide satellite network service for the whole world. You can imagine how bright the night sky will be at that time!
32. What can we know about BlueWalker 3
A. It threatens the sunlight. B. It was invented by Dr. Jeremy.
C. It is brighter than Procyon and Achernar. D. It is visible in urban skies when passing overhead.
33. The brightness of BlueWalker 3 is most likely to affect ________.
A. earth orbit B. space observation
C. radio frequency D. satellite communication
34. Concerning the plan of BlueBirds, what might the author agree with
A. It has potential drawbacks. B. It is bound to be accomplished.
C. It is irreplaceable for astronomy. D. It provides network service for the world.
35. What’s the best title of the passage
A. BlueWalker 3—A Bright and Dark “Star” B. BlueWalker 3—The Most Valuable Satellite
C. The Night Sky—Glowing with BlueWalker 3 D. The Night Sky—Heavily Polluted by BlueWalker 3
C篇3
(2024届湖南省长沙市高三上学期1月新高考适应性考试)For the rapidly decreasing number of Americans who’ve never heard of pickleball, the little-known paddleball game is one of America’s fastest-growing sports.
Invented in 1965 by three middle-aged fathers in Washington state, pickleball is an odd cross among tennis, ping-pong and badminton, played with a paddle and a perforated(穿孔的)plastic ball. The founders are said to have named the game after a family dog called Pickles.
Most of pickleball’s core players — those who play more than eight times per year — are over age 65, but the game is getting younger, with the strongest growth among players under 55, according to USA Pickleball. But with so many new players, the US is struggling to keep up with the demand for courts. The country has only about 10,000 places to play, by USA Pickleball’s count, but that continues to grow by several dozen every month.
Pickleball is also fast becoming a spectator sport(观赏性运动). Its first professional tournament, the Professional Pickleball Association(PPA)Tour, was formed in 2018 and the professional players are being able to really become celebrities and spotlights. Traditional broadcasters’ interest in the sport is growing. So far, pickleball fans can watch amateur and professional matches on sports or social channels, mostly online.
“The ability for a sport to find an audience quickly via social media is unprecedented(前所未有的),” says Ben Shields, who lectures at MIT’s Sloan School of Management and studies the sports industry. Shields adds that pickleball still needs a famous star to draw in wider audiences, as has been the key to success for other sports leagues — that also started with grassroots and unusual names. “I think if pickleball, in its own humble way, can continue to grow its participation and find ways to make the sport an appealing fan product, who knows, 10, or 20 years, it could be a big competitor in the global sports industry.”
28. What do we know about the pickleball game from the text
A. It was named after a dog.
B. It was popular among young kids.
C. It’s a cross between tennis and volleyball.
D. It was invented by three ordinary women.
29. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The playing time. B. The form of matches.
C. The number of courts. D. The participation rate.
30. Which best describes “a famous star” to pickleball according to Ben Shields
A. Humble. B. Inflexible. C. Harmful. D. Influential.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. The History of Pickleball B. The Growing Popularity of Pickleball
C. The Rise and Fall of Pickleball D. The Rules of Playing Pickleball
D篇4
(2024届江西省六校高三上学期第一次联考)Bred to be more sweeter, today’s cherries, bananas and apples taste different than they used — to but not necessarily better. Among fruit farmers, the word “quality” is now routinely used as a standard for “high in sugar”, though firmness, color and size are also considerations. In a recent study about ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecular(分子的)approaches”, a group of plant scientists wrote that, in general, the sugar content of many fruits are now higher than before owing to continuous selection and breeding. Modern apple varieties, the scientists stressed, were on average sweeter than older ones.
The sweetness of fruit depends not just on how it is bred but also on growing conditions, yield and harvest. The lead researcher, Sugiura, said, “If you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference.” He believed that modern apples are picked so early that even if they are bred for sweetness, they often don’t develop their full character. The fragrance(香味)never develops in fruit that is harvested too early.
Jim Cooper, an apple farmer in England, is regretful to admit the fact that many people will never taste the “strawberry hint” in a really ripe Pearmain, a type of heritage apple. In a way, the rise of consistently sweeter fruit in our lifetimes has been a victory of plant breeding. After all, it’s a rare person who would seek out bitter grapes if they could have sweet ones instead.
But the sweetness of modern fruit is not without its problems, especially for people with diabetes(糖尿病), who have to reduce their intake of higher-sugar fruits. Fruit that is bred sweeter also tends to be lower in the chemicals that make it healthy. Considering health, maybe the real problem with modern fruit is that it has become yet another sweet thing in a world with sugar. Even grapefruits, which used to be quite bitter, are sometimes now as sweet as oranges. If you’ve never tasted a sour cherry, how can you fully appreciate a sweet one
32. In what aspect is many fruits different from before
A. Sugar content. B. Soft skin. C. Bright color. D. High yield.
33. Why did Sugiura express discontent with the present fruits
A. They are bred too early. B. They taste so sweet.
C. They are losing a good flavor. D. They need a higher yield.
34. What is Cooper’s attitude towards modern fruit breeding
A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Ambiguous. D. Indifferent.
35. What does the last paragraph mean
A. It’s a wise choice to breed fruits for sweetness.
B. Breeding sweet fruits improves the quality of fruits.
C. Some fruits like grapes and cherries taste the same.
D. The sweetness of fruits will cause health issues.
C篇5
(2024届名校学术联盟高考信息卷模拟卷五)Libraries. They have that reassuring smell of well-read pages, are peaceful, have free Internet and, of course, abundant books.
But guess what There’s a new kind of library sweeping the nation — a tool library — and it’s just as cool, but in all sorts of different ways.
It’s often said that the average electric drill is only used for 11 minutes in its entire lifetime. Granted, it doesn’t take that long to drill a hole, but still — that’s crazy. Yet the majority of households have one, even though DIY is actually a really infrequent activity for most people.
What if you could just borrow tools when you need them, and drop them back so that they can be used by someone else all the time you’re not DIY-ing Well, in some parts of Scotland, you now can. Membership-based tool sharing services are popping up in Edinburgh, Glasgow, Stirling, Linlithgow and Cumbernauld. They work just like a normal library but instead of books, you can borrow a massive range of tools and equipment when you need them, then drop them back when you’re done.
Zero Waste Scotland’s Andrew Pankhurst recently renovated(翻新)his house using the Stirling Tool Library. He said, “It’s amazing. It had all the tools I was looking for, and some I didn’t even realize I needed.”
And that’s the beauty of a tool library. Borrow a tool, use it for one afternoon at a small amount of cost of buying it and instead of it cluttering up your house gathering dust, it’s back off to a busy life all across town, week in and week out.
The tools available to borrow are mainly received as donations. The tool library will then repair them if needed and PAT test for safety ready to be borrowed and saved from going to landfill.
So next time you have a job to do around the house, why not borrow rather than buy
28. What can we learn from paragraph 3
A. The electric drill is worth buying.
B. People dislike to use out-of-date tools.
C. Most of the tools aren’t often used at home.
D. DIY is a really frequent activity for most people.
29. What does Andrew Pankhurst think of the tool library
A. Familiar. B. Practical. C. Essential. D. Disappointing.
30. What do the underlined words “cluttering up” probably mean
A. Clearing up. B. Piling up. C. Throwing out. D. Breaking up.
31. What might be the best title for the text
A. Borrowing Is the New Buying B. Please Make a Donation Today
C. When in Doubt, Go to the Library D. Today a Reader, Tomorrow a Leader
C篇6
(2024届陕西省西安市长安区高三上学期第一次联考)The topic “slash youth”, referring to those refusing to be defined or bound by just one personal identity and choosing to undertake multiple careers, has fueled heated debate on social media. On Douban, a Chinese social networking platform, the topic has attracted about 11,000posts and has been viewed over 400 million times. China’s young people are keen to share their slash youth stories online, presenting themselves as multiple and sometimes distinct identities, such as a nurse and model, a teacher and stand-up comedian, and an engineer and musician.
Xing Eryang, a 31-year-old female resident in Beijing, founded the Douban topic in 2021.While staying diligent about her daytime work, she is developing her hobbies, including stand-up comedy and vlogging, into secondary careers during her spare time. And she is amazed to find her “slash life” philosophy followed by so many of her peers.
Weiheng, a 26-year-old woman in Guangzhou, and Tang Yuhan, a 27-year-old man in Xuancheng city, Anhui province, are both participants in the topic, with their stories earning thousands of likes so far. The two are both musicians in their spare time, even though they are thousands of miles apart and have different jobs in media and finance. Their passion for music has grown since college and they didn’t abandon their enthusiasm, even after entering the workplace.
Their reaction showed the gap between the young and former generations. “My parents used to say, ‘music cannot earn you money’, so the band thing was regarded as a waste of time. However, we want to pursue whatever we love and are willing to pay for it.” says Weiheng.
“The ‘slash life’ mania(狂热)shows that, along with China’s economic development, our society is becoming more and more diversified and inclusive, and it welcomes everyone’s self-fulfillment,” says Shi Yanrong, an associate researcher from Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences. “Young people no longer have to rely on work and money for their sense of self-worth. They tend to practice a carpe diem(活在当下)philosophy and create their own identities.”
28. What are “slash youth” more likely to do
A. Create a topic on Douban. B. Take diverse occupations.
C. Become a stand-up comedian. D. Share their own stories online.
29. Which of the following amazes Xing Eryang
A. Other young people’s positive response. B. Hobbies developed while working.
C. The growing social networking platform. D. Thousands of likes earned on Douban.
30. What did Weiheng and Tang Yuhan do to pursue their musical career
A. They sent their stories online to gain more funds.
B. They shared similar interests in both their hobbies and jobs.
C. They never lost passion for music even if they had to quit college.
D. They stuck with their dream despite the older generation’s opinion.
31. According to Shi Yanrong, what is our society’s attitude to the “slash life”
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive.
C. Unfavorable. D. Indifferent.
D篇7
(2023-2024学年海南省高三上学期期末学业水平诊断)Called ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC), the idea is to use surface water warmed by the sun to heat a fluid such as ammonia or water, which then runs a heat engine to produce energy, just like a power plant driven by steam. Cold water from deeper layers of the ocean would then be piped up to cool the fluid and repeat the cycle. Theoretically, oceans could provide vast amounts of electricity like this. Researchers have estimated that there is enough ocean heat to supply 7,000 gigawatt s a year without affecting ocean circulation, enough to supply the world’s electricity demand— if we can access it.
The idea was first put forward in 1881, but went largely unexplored until the 1970s oil. crisis drove a search for new sources of energy. In the years since, demonstration projects have been built, but progress has been “disappointing”, says AI Binger at SIDS DOCK, an organisation that promotes clean energy development in small island countries. In recent years, a fresh urgency to transition away from fossil fuels has brought a suggestion of an OTEC return. “It’s the most promising it’s been in many decades,” says Andrea Copping at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington state.
Tropical(热带的)islands are good candidates for OTEC because of their high energy costs— diesel(柴油)generators are common there—and the presence of deep cold water not far from shore, says James Van Zwieten at Florida Atlantic University. Islands also have less space for other types of renewables. A barrier for past projects was the cost of fixing kilometres of large pipes to reach deep water. Global OTEC aims to avoid that by extending a shorter pipe from a platform floating in deep water 10 kilometres offshore, then transmitting electricity back via a cable(电缆), and making use of advances made in offshore wind technology.
“OTEC will be part of providing a reasonable energy transition so these places aren’t depending on diesel imports from the richest petrol states in the world,” says Dan Grech, Global OTEC’s CEO.
32. What can we learn about OTEC technology from paragraph 1
A. It mainly uses offshore wind to generate electricity.
B. It has been widely applied to the oceans all over the world.
C. It can clean the water in the deeper layers of the ocean.
D. It depends strongly on the temperature difference in the ocean.
33. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A. The advantages of OTEC. B. The development of OTEC.
C. Successful projects of OTEC. D. Different opinions on OTEC.
34. What difficulty did the past projects have with OTEC on islands
A. Lacking technology for generating electricity.
B. Being far away from the shore.
C. Enormous investment in the pipe equipment.
D. Great demand for the space.
35. What is Dan Grech’s attitude towards OTEC
A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring.
C篇8
(山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末)The candy we eat, the tea we drink, the lotion we use---they all likely contain ingredients from wild plants. While natural ingredients can be beneficial to buyers, the way those plants are harvested could harm ecosystems. In a recent United Nations report, medicinal plant experts revealed the risks behind several of them, including Brazil nuts, frankincense, goldenseal, gum arabic, and licorice.
Plant derivatives (衍生物) in household products “sit there somewhere in the middle of the ingredients list” on product labels, often going unnoticed, says Caitlin Schindler, lead author of the report. Even if consumers do take note, there’s no information about what’s involved in obtaining or processing the derivatives.
Many of these plants are threatened with extinction from overharvesting, disease and pests, climate change, and habitat loss. The endangered state of more than 20,000 medicinal plant species has never been assessed, which means it’s impossible to know whether their use is sustainable.
Meanwhile, the trade in wild plants is booming. U. S. consumers spent more than $12.3 billion on herbal dietary supplements in 2021---up more than 9 percent from 2020. Wild plants have been used locally for centuries, but today’s global demand puts many at risk. And international customers often have no idea where these products originate.
Should consumers stop buying the products No. Schindler says, because “the ingredients are really critical to a lot of people’s livelihoods.” Solutions for transforming the trade in wild plants are rooted in awareness. The first step for consumers is to “just notice that you’re buying something that has a wild ingredient,” she says. It’s generally safer to purchase local products and splurge on more expensive ones, if possible.
Consumers can also look for organic and fair-trade certifications. Various programs evaluate wild-plant supply chains for sustainability, and many companies advertise these certifications, either on the product or online. One of the most prominent is Fair Wild, which assesses environmental risks and recommends best sourcing practices. If certifications are missing, Schindler encourages people to challenge companies to do better. “Until businesses get a bit more pressure from consumers, we won’t see any changes happening,” she says.
28. What can we learn about wild plants according to the report
A. Their current situation is ignored. B. They are limited on a global scale.
C. They have been evaluated regularly. D. Their process information is on the label.
29. Which of the following can replace the underlined words “splurge on” in paragraph 5
A. Get rid of. B. Spend much money on.
C. Pay attention to. D. Conduct many experiments on.
30. Why are the organic and fair-trade certifications valued
A. They confirm the quality of the wild plants.
B. They offer consumers rights to assess the products.
C. They ensure the use of wild plants at a steady level.
D. They inspire companies to make more advertisements.
31. What is the structure of the passage
A. B. C. D.
D篇9
(四川省部分名校2023-2024学年高三上学期期末联考)For some climate challenges, there are relatively straightforward fixes. For example, renewable energy sources can already replace much of the energy needed to power buildings, cars and more.
There’s no substitute for food, but shifting what we eat is possible. If everyone on the planet ate vegetables, greenhouse gas emissions from the food system could be cut by more than half; a planet of vegetarians would reduce food emissions by two thirds. If we stopped consuming conventional food and relied on a lab-grown nutritional food instead of soil or water-produced food, we could prevent about 1 degree centigrade of future warming, according to a recent paper that considered the unique thought experiment.
“What this work says is: Hey, look, we can still get pretty big wins even if we’re not making these really big changes in dietary composition,” says Clark. “I think that’s really powerful, because a lot of people just don’t want to make those really big dietary changes, for many reasons. While vegetarian diets are becoming more common in America and some European countries, it’s absolutely ridiculous to assume that everyone will be eating a vegetarian diet 30 years from now,” he says.
Food choices are personal, deeply connected to cultural, religious, emotional, economic concerns and so much more. “Rather than dictate how to do it, it’s much better to try to give choices,” says Naglaa, a food, nutrition and environment researcher at Tufts University. This approach aims to inform people so that they can make choices that correspond with their needs and values instead of waiting for the authority’s rules and orders. As a whole, those choices can benefit both human health and the planet. For that to happen, it is necessary to work alongside large-scale efforts to reshape industrial food production.
“But what people choose to eat daily is far from insignificant,” says Clark. “We don’t all have to become vegetarians overnight. Small changes can make a big difference.”
32. How does the author show the effects of dietary changes in paragraph 2
A. By analyzing the reasons. B. By using a quotation.
C. By answering questions. D. By listing data.
33. What is Clark’s attitude towards small dietary changes
A. Indifferent. B. Skeptical. C. Favorable. D. Negative.
34. What does the underlined word “dictate” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Command. B. Persuade. C. Perceive. D. Describe.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. How small changes to our diets can benefit the planet
B. Small changes in life choices can make a big difference
C. Why renewable energy sources can reduce gas emissions
D. Lab-grown nutritional food could prevent future warming
C篇10
(云南省楚雄州2023-2024学年高三上学期期末)With a fragrance(芳香)through the bedrooms of older adults for two hours every night for six months, memories skyrocketed. Participants in this study by University of California, Irvine(UCI)neuroscientists gained a 226% increase in cognitive capacity compared to the control group. The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy, non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially preventing dementia(痴呆).
The project was conducted through the UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning & Memory. It involved men and women aged 60 to 85 without memory impairment. All were given seven small containers, each containing a single and different natural oil. People in the enriched group received full-strength oils. Control group participants were given the oils in tiny amounts. Participants put a different container into their room each evening prior to going to bed, and it activated for two hours as they slept.
People in the enriched group showed a 226% increase in cognitive performance compared to the control group, as measured by a word list test commonly used to evaluate memory. Participants also reported sleeping more soundly. The researchers say the results from their study bear out what scientists learned about the connection between smell and memory.
Scientists have long known that the loss of ability to smell, can predict development of nearly 70 neurological and psychiatric diseases. These include Alzheimer’s and other dementias, Parkinson’s and alcoholism. Researchers have previously found that exposing people with moderate dementia to up to 40 different smells twice a day over a period of time improved their memories and language skills, eased depression and improved their sense of smell.
The team would next like to study the technique’s impact on people with diagnosed cognitive loss. A product based on their study and designed for people to use at home is expected to come onto the market this fall.
28. What field may the findings be applied to
A. Controlling sleep. B. Exploring smells.
C. Developing skills. D. Promoting memory.
29. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Research results. B. Research process.
C. Research methods. D. Research purpose.
30. How did researchers assess the performance of the participants
A. By giving the participants a test. B. By scanning the participants’ brain.
C. By observing the participants’ actions. D. By asking about the participants’ feeling.
31. What will the researchers focus on in future
A. Developing a smell product. B. The impact of cognitive loss.
C. Application of research results. D. Doing market research for their product.
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01-4说明文阅读理解专题练——2024年新高考英语题型突破
C篇1
(2024届广东省高三上学期适应性考试)A new outdoor fabric(织物)stores energy by day and then lights up at night. Being tested in a city park, this totally “cool” fabric has attracted interest for its many urban uses.
This is the invention of Anai Green, an industrial and product designer based in Tel Aviv, Israel. She designed a fabric that includes organic and solar photovoltaic cells(光伏电池). The cells capture sunlight and store the energy in strips with LEDs. This allows the fabric to shade public space by day. When night falls, these strips light up. Green said, “We use LumiWeave to light public space without carbon emissions, making the lighting all-natural. And we spread light in the area we want to light only.”
The system was designed to adapt to all weather conditions and can continue to provide lighting even after three days without sunlight. In addition, you simply put LumiWeave up and the sun will do the work. This in itself saves 50 percent of the cost of building standard lighting, and it saves 100 percent on the electricity bills. This is great news for cities. Tel Aviv, Green’s hometown, is trying out LumiWeave in AtidimPark.
The mayor of Tel Aviv, Ron Huldai, is making efforts to address climate change. “LumiWeave will turn out to be a groundbreaking project,” Huldai said. The mayor added that LumiWeave is especially important as it solves the issue of shading urban areas and uses clean energy.
The new fabric can be fixed atop bike paths, in children’s parks and in walking areas. Many big cities in Israel are planning on adopting LumiWeave. As there is also use for the fabric in outdoor sitting areas of restaurants and hotels, Green has developed a LumiWeave parasol(大遮阳伞). “We are now developing the possibility of controlling it from the phone—we’re creating an application,” Green said. LumiWeave provides an ideal solution for urban parks and gardens. We hope that it will soon be lighting up night skies around the world.
28. How does the new outdoor fabric work
A. By turning household waste into clean energy.
B. By using photovoltaic cells to promote plant growth.
C. By providing shade and energy in an eco-friendly way.
D. By changing its temperatures according to the weather.
29. Which of the following can be the feature of LumiWeave
A. It’s functional and cost-effective.
B. It takes up a lot of public space.
C. It’s equipped with self-repair materials.
D. It can broadcast weather conditions more quickly.
30. What’s Ron Huldai’s attitude towards LumiWeave
A. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Supportive.
31. What can we infer about LumiWeave from Paragraph 5
A. It may cause safety concerns.
B. It will be further developed for wider use.
C. It will be replaced by more intelligent devices.
D. It can reduce the waiting time in some places.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了以色列特拉维夫的一位工业和产品设计师设计了一种包含有机和太阳能光伏电池的织物。电池捕获阳光并将能量储存在带led的条带中，使得这种织物在白天为公共空间遮阳。夜幕降临时，这些织物就会亮起来为城市照明。
28.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“The cells capture sunlight and store the energy in strips with LEDs. This allows the fabric to shade public space by day. When night falls, these strips light up. When night falls, these strips light up. Green said, “We use LumiWeave to light public space without carbon emissions, making the lighting all-natural.”(电池捕获阳光并将能量储存在带led的条带中。这使得这种织物在白天为公共空间遮阳。夜幕降临时，这些织物就会亮起来。格林说：“我们使用LumiWeave来照亮公共空间，没有碳排放，使照明完全自然”)可知，织物的工作方式是以环保的方式提供阴凉和能源，故选C项。
29.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“This in itself saves50 percent of the cost of building standard lighting, and it saves 100 percent on the electricity bills.”(这本身就节省了50%的建筑标准照明成本，并节省了100%的电费)，根据第四段“The mayor added that LumiWeave is especially important as it solves the issue of shading urban areas and uses clean energy.”(市长补充说，LumiWeave特别重要，因为它解决了城市地区的遮阳问题，并使用了清洁能源)和最后一段“LumiWeave provides an ideal solution for urban parks and gardens.”(LumiWeave为城市公园和花园提供了理想的解决方案)可知，LumiWeave是实用的和划算的，故选A项。
30.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“The mayor of Tel Aviv, Ron Huldai, is making efforts to address climate change. “LumiWeave will turn out to be a groundbreaking project,” Huldai said. The mayor added that LumiWeave is especially important as it solves the issue of shading urban areas and uses clean energy.”(特拉维夫市市长Ron Huldai正在努力解决气候变化问题。“LumiWeave将成为一个开创性的项目，”Huldai说。市长补充说，LumiWeave特别重要，因为它解决了城市地区的遮阳问题，并使用了清洁能源)可知，Ron Huldai对于LumiWeave是支持的，故选D项。
31.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“As there is also use for the fabric in outdoor sitting areas of restaurants and hotels, Green has developed a LumiWeave parasol(大遮阳伞). “We are now developing the possibility of controlling it from the phone—we’re creating an application,” Green said. LumiWeave provides an ideal solution for urban parks and gardens. We hope that it will soon be lighting up night skies around the world.”(由于这种面料也可以用于餐馆和酒店的户外休息区，格林开发了一款LumiWeave遮阳伞(大遮阳伞)。格林说：“我们正在开发通过手机控制它的可能性——我们正在开发一个应用程序。”LumiWeave为城市公园和花园提供了理想的解决方案。我们希望它能很快照亮世界各地的夜空)可知，LumiWeave将被进一步开发以得到更广泛的应用，故选B项。
D篇2
(2024届广东省茂名市高三上学期一模)Researchers have identified a growing threat to astronomy from the sunlight reflecting off communication devices in space. One such device, a communication satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently one of the brightest objects visible from Earth, matching the brightness of Procyon and Achemar, two of the brightest stars in the night sky.
“BlueWalker 3 is visible in both dark sky and urban skies, though in urban settings this will be limited to when BlueWalker 3 passes overhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, a co-author of the study at the University of Atacama in Chile. “Large constellations(星座)of bright artificial satellites in low Earth orbit pose significant challenges to ground-based astronomy,” the study’s authors wrote.
Tregloan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crosses the detector of a telescope, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if not impossible, to remove. This could lead to loss of data from the affected pixels(像素). But he said space-based astronomy also faced challenges from such satellites, noting that observations by the Hubble telescope had increasingly been affected by marks from Starlink satellites. Besides, the team notes the radio frequencies used by BlueWalker 3 are close to those used for radio astronomy, raising the possibility that such satellites could cause interference.
While BlueWalker 3 was folded when it was launched last year, once in space it opened up to reveal a huge surface area that reflected sunlight. Tregloan-Reed added that even if all the reflective brightness of all satellites was reduced to below the level visible by the naked eye, “the sky background glow will increase due to the accumulative effect of having hundreds of thousands of satellites from various operators from many countries in low Earth orbit. It is disastrous!”
BlueWalker 3, built by AST Space Mobile, is just the first one to be launched. The company is planning a constellation of satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, consisting of over 100 similar satellites and aimed to provide satellite network service for the whole world. You can imagine how bright the night sky will be at that time!
32. What can we know about BlueWalker 3
A. It threatens the sunlight. B. It was invented by Dr. Jeremy.
C. It is brighter than Procyon and Achernar. D. It is visible in urban skies when passing overhead.
33. The brightness of BlueWalker 3 is most likely to affect ________.
A. earth orbit B. space observation
C. radio frequency D. satellite communication
34. Concerning the plan of BlueBirds, what might the author agree with
A. It has potential drawbacks. B. It is bound to be accomplished.
C. It is irreplaceable for astronomy. D. It provides network service for the world.
35. What’s the best title of the passage
A. BlueWalker 3—A Bright and Dark “Star” B. BlueWalker 3—The Most Valuable Satellite
C. The Night Sky—Glowing with BlueWalker 3 D. The Night Sky—Heavily Polluted by BlueWalker 3
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了BlueWalker 3成为从地球可见的最亮的通信卫星和它带来的一些不利影响。
32.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句““BlueWalker 3 is visible in both dark sky and urban skies, though in urban settings this will be limited to when BlueWalker 3 passes overhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, a co-author of the study at the University of Atacama in Chile.(智利阿塔卡马大学这项研究的合著者杰里米·特雷格洛安·里德博士说：“在黑暗的天空和城市的天空都能看到BlueWalker 3，尽管在城市环境中，这将仅限于BlueWalker 3从头顶经过的时候。”)”可知，BlueWalker 3从城市上空经过时可以被看到，故选D。
33.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Tregloan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crosses the detector of a telescope, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if not impossible, to remove.( Tregloan-Reed说，大的反射亮度意味着，当卫星穿过望远镜的探测器时，它会留下一个标记，即使可能，也很难去除)”以及“But he said space-based astronomy also faced challenges from such satellites, noting that observations by the Hubble telescope had increasingly been affected by marks from Starlink satellites.(但他说，天基天文学也面临着来自这类卫星的挑战，他指出，哈勃望远镜的观测越来越多地受到星链卫星标记的影响)”可知，BlueWalker 3的亮度最有可能影响空间观测，故选B。
34.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It is disastrous!(这是灾难性的！)”以及最后一段“The company is planning a constellation of satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, consisting of over 100 similar satellites and aimed to provide satellite network service for the whole world. You can imagine how bright the night sky will be at that time!( 该公司正在计划一个名为BlueBirds的卫星星座，由100多颗类似的卫星组成，旨在为全球提供卫星网络服务。你可以想象到那时的夜空将会多亮)”可知， BlueWalker 3只是BlueBirds卫星群100多颗卫星中的一个，可想而知，当所有卫星都上天后，夜空将会变得多亮! 故可推知，作者认为BlueBirds有潜在的缺点，故选A。
35.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers have identified a growing threat to astronomy from the sunlight reflecting off communication devices in space. One such device, a communication satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently one of the brightest objects visible from Earth, matching the brightness of Procyon and Achemar, two of the brightest stars in the night sky.(研究人员发现，太空通信设备反射的太阳光对天文学的威胁越来越大。其中一个这样的设备是一颗名为BlueWalker 3的通信卫星，它是目前从地球上可见的最亮的物体之一，其亮度与夜空中最亮的两颗恒星——Procyon和Achemar相当)”以及第二段““Large constellations(星座)of bright artificial satellites in low Earth orbit pose significant challenges to ground-based astronomy,” the study’s authors wrote.(该研究的作者写道：“近地轨道上大量明亮的人造卫星对地面天文学构成了重大挑战。”)”结合文章主要介绍了BlueWalker 3成为从地球可见的最亮的通信卫星和它带来的一些不利影响。故A选项“BlueWalker 3——一个既明亮又黑暗的‘星星’”最符合文章标题，故选A。
C篇3
(2024届湖南省长沙市高三上学期1月新高考适应性考试)For the rapidly decreasing number of Americans who’ve never heard of pickleball, the little-known paddleball game is one of America’s fastest-growing sports.
Invented in 1965 by three middle-aged fathers in Washington state, pickleball is an odd cross among tennis, ping-pong and badminton, played with a paddle and a perforated(穿孔的)plastic ball. The founders are said to have named the game after a family dog called Pickles.
Most of pickleball’s core players — those who play more than eight times per year — are over age 65, but the game is getting younger, with the strongest growth among players under 55, according to USA Pickleball. But with so many new players, the US is struggling to keep up with the demand for courts. The country has only about 10,000 places to play, by USA Pickleball’s count, but that continues to grow by several dozen every month.
Pickleball is also fast becoming a spectator sport(观赏性运动). Its first professional tournament, the Professional Pickleball Association(PPA)Tour, was formed in 2018 and the professional players are being able to really become celebrities and spotlights. Traditional broadcasters’ interest in the sport is growing. So far, pickleball fans can watch amateur and professional matches on sports or social channels, mostly online.
“The ability for a sport to find an audience quickly via social media is unprecedented(前所未有的),” says Ben Shields, who lectures at MIT’s Sloan School of Management and studies the sports industry. Shields adds that pickleball still needs a famous star to draw in wider audiences, as has been the key to success for other sports leagues — that also started with grassroots and unusual names. “I think if pickleball, in its own humble way, can continue to grow its participation and find ways to make the sport an appealing fan product, who knows, 10, or 20 years, it could be a big competitor in the global sports industry.”
28. What do we know about the pickleball game from the text
A. It was named after a dog.
B. It was popular among young kids.
C. It’s a cross between tennis and volleyball.
D. It was invented by three ordinary women.
29. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The playing time. B. The form of matches.
C. The number of courts. D. The participation rate.
30. Which best describes “a famous star” to pickleball according to Ben Shields
A. Humble. B. Inflexible. C. Harmful. D. Influential.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. The History of Pickleball B. The Growing Popularity of Pickleball
C. The Rise and Fall of Pickleball D. The Rules of Playing Pickleball
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。匹克球这项新兴运动在美国迅速兴起，文章对其进行了介绍。
28.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The founders are said to have named the game after a family dog called Pickles.(据说该游戏的创始人是以家里一只名叫Pickles的狗的名字命名的)”可知，匹克球比赛是以一只狗的名字命名的，故选A。
29.【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“The country has only about 10,000 places to play(这个国家只有大约一万个比赛场地)”可知，此处是指比赛场地的数量会继续增长，所以that是指比赛场地的数量，故选C。
30.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Shields adds that pickleball still needs a famous star to draw in wider audiences, as has been the key to success for other sports leagues — that also started with grassroots and unusual names.(希尔兹补充说，匹克球仍然需要一个著名的明星来吸引更多的观众，这是其他体育联盟成功的关键——这些联盟也是从草根和不寻常的名字开始的)”可知，根据本·希尔兹的说法，“著名明星”对匹克球是很有影响力的，故选D。
31.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“For the rapidly decreasing number of Americans who’ve never heard of pickleball, the little-known paddleball game is one of America’s fastest-growing sports.(对于那些从未听说过匹克球的美国人来说，这种鲜为人知的桨球运动是美国发展最快的运动之一)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项在美国快速兴起的运动——匹克球，故选B。
D篇4
(2024届江西省六校高三上学期第一次联考)Bred to be more sweeter, today’s cherries, bananas and apples taste different than they used — to but not necessarily better. Among fruit farmers, the word “quality” is now routinely used as a standard for “high in sugar”, though firmness, color and size are also considerations. In a recent study about ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecular(分子的)approaches”, a group of plant scientists wrote that, in general, the sugar content of many fruits are now higher than before owing to continuous selection and breeding. Modern apple varieties, the scientists stressed, were on average sweeter than older ones.
The sweetness of fruit depends not just on how it is bred but also on growing conditions, yield and harvest. The lead researcher, Sugiura, said, “If you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference.” He believed that modern apples are picked so early that even if they are bred for sweetness, they often don’t develop their full character. The fragrance(香味)never develops in fruit that is harvested too early.
Jim Cooper, an apple farmer in England, is regretful to admit the fact that many people will never taste the “strawberry hint” in a really ripe Pearmain, a type of heritage apple. In a way, the rise of consistently sweeter fruit in our lifetimes has been a victory of plant breeding. After all, it’s a rare person who would seek out bitter grapes if they could have sweet ones instead.
But the sweetness of modern fruit is not without its problems, especially for people with diabetes(糖尿病), who have to reduce their intake of higher-sugar fruits. Fruit that is bred sweeter also tends to be lower in the chemicals that make it healthy. Considering health, maybe the real problem with modern fruit is that it has become yet another sweet thing in a world with sugar. Even grapefruits, which used to be quite bitter, are sometimes now as sweet as oranges. If you’ve never tasted a sour cherry, how can you fully appreciate a sweet one
32. In what aspect is many fruits different from before
A. Sugar content. B. Soft skin. C. Bright color. D. High yield.
33. Why did Sugiura express discontent with the present fruits
A. They are bred too early. B. They taste so sweet.
C. They are losing a good flavor. D. They need a higher yield.
34. What is Cooper’s attitude towards modern fruit breeding
A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Ambiguous. D. Indifferent.
35. What does the last paragraph mean
A. It’s a wise choice to breed fruits for sweetness.
B. Breeding sweet fruits improves the quality of fruits.
C. Some fruits like grapes and cherries taste the same.
D. The sweetness of fruits will cause health issues.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在的樱桃、香蕉和苹果等水果相较以前味道不同的情况，并说明水果的甜味会导致健康问题。
32.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Bred to be more sweeter, today’s cherries, bananas and apples taste different than they used—to but not necessarily better.(如今的樱桃、香蕉和苹果经过了更甜的培育，尝起来与过去不同，但并不一定更好)”以及“Modern apple varieties, the scientists stressed, were on average sweeter than older ones.(科学家们强调，现代苹果品种平均比老苹果更甜)”可知，现代水果的糖分含量不同以往，故选A项。
33.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“He believed that modern apples are picked so early that even if they are bred for sweetness, they often don’t develop their full character. The fragrance(香味)never develops in fruit that is harvested too early.(他认为，现代的苹果采摘得太早，即使它们是为了甜味而培育的，它们往往也没有发育出完整的特征。过早收获的果实永远不会散发出香味)”可知，因为现代水果失去好味道，所以Sugiura表示不满意，故选C项。
34.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Jim Cooper, an apple farmer in England, is regretful to admit the fact that many people will never taste the ‘strawberry hint’ in a really ripe Pearmain, a type of heritage apple. In a way, the rise of consistently sweeter fruit in our lifetimes has been a victory of plant breeding.(Jim Cooper是英国的一名苹果农，他很遗憾地承认，许多人永远尝不到真正成熟的一种传统苹果Pearmain的‘草莓味’。在某种程度上，在我们的生活中不断出现的更甜的水果还是植物育种的胜利)”可知，Cooper对现代水果育种的态度是批评的，故选B项。
35.【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“But the sweetness of modern fruit is not without its problems, especially for people with diabetes(糖尿病), who have to reduce their intake of higher-sugar fruits. Fruit that is bred sweeter also tends to be lower in the chemicals that make it healthy. Considering health, maybe the real problem with modern fruit is that it has become yet another sweet thing in a world with sugar.(但现代水果的甜味也不是没有问题，尤其是对糖尿病患者来说，他们必须减少高糖水果的摄入量。被培育得更甜的水果也往往含有更低的使其健康的化学物质。考虑到健康，也许现代水果的真正问题在于，它已经成为一个有糖的世界里的另一种甜食)”可知，本段说明了水果的甜味会导致健康问题，故选D项。
C篇5
(2024届名校学术联盟高考信息卷模拟卷五)Libraries. They have that reassuring smell of well-read pages, are peaceful, have free Internet and, of course, abundant books.
But guess what There’s a new kind of library sweeping the nation — a tool library — and it’s just as cool, but in all sorts of different ways.
It’s often said that the average electric drill is only used for 11 minutes in its entire lifetime. Granted, it doesn’t take that long to drill a hole, but still — that’s crazy. Yet the majority of households have one, even though DIY is actually a really infrequent activity for most people.
What if you could just borrow tools when you need them, and drop them back so that they can be used by someone else all the time you’re not DIY-ing Well, in some parts of Scotland, you now can. Membership-based tool sharing services are popping up in Edinburgh, Glasgow, Stirling, Linlithgow and Cumbernauld. They work just like a normal library but instead of books, you can borrow a massive range of tools and equipment when you need them, then drop them back when you’re done.
Zero Waste Scotland’s Andrew Pankhurst recently renovated(翻新)his house using the Stirling Tool Library. He said, “It’s amazing. It had all the tools I was looking for, and some I didn’t even realize I needed.”
And that’s the beauty of a tool library. Borrow a tool, use it for one afternoon at a small amount of cost of buying it and instead of it cluttering up your house gathering dust, it’s back off to a busy life all across town, week in and week out.
The tools available to borrow are mainly received as donations. The tool library will then repair them if needed and PAT test for safety ready to be borrowed and saved from going to landfill.
So next time you have a job to do around the house, why not borrow rather than buy
28. What can we learn from paragraph 3
A. The electric drill is worth buying.
B. People dislike to use out-of-date tools.
C. Most of the tools aren’t often used at home.
D. DIY is a really frequent activity for most people.
29. What does Andrew Pankhurst think of the tool library
A. Familiar. B. Practical. C. Essential. D. Disappointing.
30. What do the underlined words “cluttering up” probably mean
A. Clearing up. B. Piling up. C. Throwing out. D. Breaking up.
31. What might be the best title for the text
A. Borrowing Is the New Buying B. Please Make a Donation Today
C. When in Doubt, Go to the Library D. Today a Reader, Tomorrow a Leader
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在苏格兰兴起的工具图书馆，鉴于大多数工具在家里都不常用，这种图书馆可以为使用者提供很好的服务，避免了使用者花大价钱购买工具，实现了工具的有效流转。
28.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’s often said that the average electric drill is only used for 11 minutes in its entire lifetime.(人们常说，普通的电钻在其整个使用寿命中只使用11分钟)”和“Yet the majority of households have one, even though DIY is actually a really infrequent activity for most people.(然而，大多数家庭都有一个，尽管DIY对大多数人来说实际上是一个频率很低的活动)”可知，此处通过普通电钻的实际使用寿命说明人们很少使用它，而且大多数人很少从事DIY活动。由此推知，多数工具在家里都不常用，故选C项。
29.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中Andrew Pankhurst所说的话“It’s amazing. It had all the tools I was looking for, and some I didn’t even realize I needed.(这是惊人的。它有我一直在寻找的所有工具，还有一些我甚至没有意识到我需要)”可知，Andrew Pankhurst表示这个工具图书馆为他提供了所有需要的工具。由此可知，他觉得它是实用的，故选B项。
30.【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Borrow a tool, use it for one afternoon at a small amount of cost of buying it(借一个工具，用一个下午，用一个下午，花的钱只是买工具的一小部分)”和“instead of(而不是)”可知，此处描述的是与短暂地借用工具不同的情况，再结合下文“gathering dust(积灰)”可推知，此处指买了工具后，把它堆积在家里，在那里积灰。因此，画线词的意思应该是“堆积，堆满”，与pile up意思相近，故选B项。
31.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“But guess what There’s a new kind of library sweeping the nation — a tool library — and it’s just as cool, but in all sorts of different ways.(但你猜怎么着？有一种新的图书馆正在席卷全国——工具图书馆——它同样很酷，但方式各不相同)”和最后一段“So next time you have a job to do around the house, why not borrow rather than buy (所以下次你在家里有工作要做的时候，你可以借用而非购买)”可知，文章围绕在苏格兰兴起的工具图书馆展开，介绍了其兴起的背景是大多数工具在家里都不常用，以及它的各种好处，包括可以为使用者提供很好的服务，避免了使用者花大价钱购买工具，实现了工具的有效流转等，作者认为读者有需要的时候可以尝试这种图书馆。因此，A项“借是新的购买方式”准确地概括了工具图书馆的属性，契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题，故选A项。
C篇6
(2024届陕西省西安市长安区高三上学期第一次联考)The topic “slash youth”, referring to those refusing to be defined or bound by just one personal identity and choosing to undertake multiple careers, has fueled heated debate on social media. On Douban, a Chinese social networking platform, the topic has attracted about 11,000posts and has been viewed over 400 million times. China’s young people are keen to share their slash youth stories online, presenting themselves as multiple and sometimes distinct identities, such as a nurse and model, a teacher and stand-up comedian, and an engineer and musician.
Xing Eryang, a 31-year-old female resident in Beijing, founded the Douban topic in 2021.While staying diligent about her daytime work, she is developing her hobbies, including stand-up comedy and vlogging, into secondary careers during her spare time. And she is amazed to find her “slash life” philosophy followed by so many of her peers.
Weiheng, a 26-year-old woman in Guangzhou, and Tang Yuhan, a 27-year-old man in Xuancheng city, Anhui province, are both participants in the topic, with their stories earning thousands of likes so far. The two are both musicians in their spare time, even though they are thousands of miles apart and have different jobs in media and finance. Their passion for music has grown since college and they didn’t abandon their enthusiasm, even after entering the workplace.
Their reaction showed the gap between the young and former generations. “My parents used to say, ‘music cannot earn you money’, so the band thing was regarded as a waste of time. However, we want to pursue whatever we love and are willing to pay for it.” says Weiheng.
“The ‘slash life’ mania(狂热)shows that, along with China’s economic development, our society is becoming more and more diversified and inclusive, and it welcomes everyone’s self-fulfillment,” says Shi Yanrong, an associate researcher from Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences. “Young people no longer have to rely on work and money for their sense of self-worth. They tend to practice a carpe diem(活在当下)philosophy and create their own identities.”
28. What are “slash youth” more likely to do
A. Create a topic on Douban. B. Take diverse occupations.
C. Become a stand-up comedian. D. Share their own stories online.
29. Which of the following amazes Xing Eryang
A. Other young people’s positive response. B. Hobbies developed while working.
C. The growing social networking platform. D. Thousands of likes earned on Douban.
30. What did Weiheng and Tang Yuhan do to pursue their musical career
A. They sent their stories online to gain more funds.
B. They shared similar interests in both their hobbies and jobs.
C. They never lost passion for music even if they had to quit college.
D. They stuck with their dream despite the older generation’s opinion.
31. According to Shi Yanrong, what is our society’s attitude to the “slash life”
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive.
C. Unfavorable. D. Indifferent.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。“斜杠青年”指的是那些拒绝被一个个人身份定义或约束，选择从事多种职业的人。文章主要介绍了中国的年轻人所追求的“斜杠生活”。
28.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“China’s young people are keen to share their slash youth stories online, presenting themselves as multiple and sometimes distinct identities, such as a nurse and model, a teacher and stand-up comedian, and an engineer and musician.(中国的年轻人热衷于在网上分享他们的同龄人的故事，他们把自己塑造成多重身份，有时甚至是截然不同的身份，比如护士和模特，教师和单口相声演员，以及工程师和音乐家)”可知，“斜杠青年”更可能从事多种职业，故选B。
29.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“And she is amazed to find her “slash life” philosophy followed by so many of her peers.(她惊讶地发现，她的“斜杠生活”哲学被如此多的同龄人所遵循)”可知，“斜杠生活”哲学被如此多的同龄人所遵循，即年轻人对“斜杠生活”的反应是积极的，由此可推知，邢二阳惊讶于其他年轻人对“斜杠生活”的积极反应，故选A。
30.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Their passion for music has grown since college and they didn’t abandon their enthusiasm, even after entering the workplace.(从大学开始，他们对音乐的热情就不断增长，即使在进入职场之后，他们也没有放弃自己的热情)”和第四段“Their reaction showed the gap between the young and former generations. “My parents used to say, ‘music cannot earn you money’, so the band thing was regarded as a waste of time. However, we want to pursue whatever we love and are willing to pay for it.” says Weiheng.(他们的反应表明了年轻一代和上一代之间的差距。“我父母过去常说，‘音乐赚不到钱’，所以组建乐队被认为是浪费时间。然而，我们想追求我们所热爱的一切，并愿意为之付出代价。”魏恒说)”可知，魏恒和唐雨涵为了追求他们的音乐事业都不顾老一辈人的意见坚持自己的梦想，故选D。
31.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““The ‘slash life’mania(狂热)shows that, along with China’s economic development, our society is becoming more and more diversified and inclusive, and it welcomes everyone’s self-fulfillment,” says Shi Yanrong, an associate researcher from Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences.(天津社会科学院副研究员史艳荣表示：“‘斜杠生活’狂热表明，随着中国经济的发展，我们的社会正变得越来越多元化和包容性，它欢迎每个人的自我实现。”)”可推知，根据史艳荣，我们社会对“斜杠生活”的态度是支持的，故选B。
D篇7
(2023-2024学年海南省高三上学期期末学业水平诊断)Called ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC), the idea is to use surface water warmed by the sun to heat a fluid such as ammonia or water, which then runs a heat engine to produce energy, just like a power plant driven by steam. Cold water from deeper layers of the ocean would then be piped up to cool the fluid and repeat the cycle. Theoretically, oceans could provide vast amounts of electricity like this. Researchers have estimated that there is enough ocean heat to supply 7,000 gigawatt s a year without affecting ocean circulation, enough to supply the world’s electricity demand— if we can access it.
The idea was first put forward in 1881, but went largely unexplored until the 1970s oil. crisis drove a search for new sources of energy. In the years since, demonstration projects have been built, but progress has been “disappointing”, says AI Binger at SIDS DOCK, an organisation that promotes clean energy development in small island countries. In recent years, a fresh urgency to transition away from fossil fuels has brought a suggestion of an OTEC return. “It’s the most promising it’s been in many decades,” says Andrea Copping at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington state.
Tropical(热带的)islands are good candidates for OTEC because of their high energy costs— diesel(柴油)generators are common there—and the presence of deep cold water not far from shore, says James Van Zwieten at Florida Atlantic University. Islands also have less space for other types of renewables. A barrier for past projects was the cost of fixing kilometres of large pipes to reach deep water. Global OTEC aims to avoid that by extending a shorter pipe from a platform floating in deep water 10 kilometres offshore, then transmitting electricity back via a cable(电缆), and making use of advances made in offshore wind technology.
“OTEC will be part of providing a reasonable energy transition so these places aren’t depending on diesel imports from the richest petrol states in the world,” says Dan Grech, Global OTEC’s CEO.
32. What can we learn about OTEC technology from paragraph 1
A. It mainly uses offshore wind to generate electricity.
B. It has been widely applied to the oceans all over the world.
C. It can clean the water in the deeper layers of the ocean.
D. It depends strongly on the temperature difference in the ocean.
33. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A. The advantages of OTEC. B. The development of OTEC.
C. Successful projects of OTEC. D. Different opinions on OTEC.
34. What difficulty did the past projects have with OTEC on islands
A. Lacking technology for generating electricity.
B. Being far away from the shore.
C. Enormous investment in the pipe equipment.
D. Great demand for the space.
35. What is Dan Grech’s attitude towards OTEC
A. Opposed. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋热能转换的想法的原理、发展过程、意义、前景等。
32.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Called ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC), the idea is to use surface water warmed by the sun to heat a fluid such as ammonia or water, which then runs a heat engine to produce energy, just like a power plant driven by steam. Cold water from deeper layers of the ocean would then be piped up to cool the fluid and repeat the cycle. Theoretically, oceans could provide vast amounts of electricity like this.(这个被称为海洋热能转换(OTEC)的想法是利用被太阳加热的地表水加热氨或水等流体，然后运行热机产生能量，就像由蒸汽驱动的发电厂一样。然后，来自海洋较深层的冷水将被输送上来冷却液体，并重复这个循环。理论上，海洋可以像这样提供大量的电力)”可知，OTEC技术很大程度上取决于海洋中的温差，故选D。
33.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“The idea was first put forward in 1881, but went largely unexplored until the 1970s oil. crisis drove a search for new sources of energy. In the years since, demonstration projects have been built, but progress has been “disappointing”, says AI Binger at SIDS DOCK, an organisation that promotes clean energy development in small island countries. In recent years, a fresh urgency to transition away from fossil fuels has brought a suggestion of an OTEC return. “It’s the most promising it’s been in many decades,” says Andrea Copping at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington state.(这个想法最早是在1881年提出的，但直到20世纪70年代石油才得到了广泛的探索。危机促使人们寻找新能源。SIDS DOCK是一个促进小岛屿国家清洁能源发展的组织，它的AI Binger说，在那之后的几年里，示范项目已经建成，但是进展“令人失望”。近年来，从化石燃料转型的新紧迫性带来了OTEC回归的建议。“这是几十年来最有希望的，”华盛顿州太平洋西北国家实验室的安德里亚·科平说)”可知，第2段主要讲OTEC的发展，故选B。
34.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“A barrier for past projects was the cost of fixing kilometres of large pipes to reach deep water.(过去项目的一个障碍是，为深水铺设长达数公里的大型管道的成本)”可知，过去项目的一个困难是对管道设备的巨大投资，故选C。
35.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中““OTEC will be part of providing a reasonable energy transition so these places aren’t depending on diesel imports from the richest petrol states in the world,” says Dan Grech, Global OTEC’s CEO.(“OTEC将提供合理的能源转型，使这些地方不再依赖于从世界上最富有的石油国家进口柴油，”全球OTEC首席执行官Dan Grech表示)”可知，Dan Grech对于OTEC是支持的，故选B。
C篇8
(山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末)The candy we eat, the tea we drink, the lotion we use---they all likely contain ingredients from wild plants. While natural ingredients can be beneficial to buyers, the way those plants are harvested could harm ecosystems. In a recent United Nations report, medicinal plant experts revealed the risks behind several of them, including Brazil nuts, frankincense, goldenseal, gum arabic, and licorice.
Plant derivatives (衍生物) in household products “sit there somewhere in the middle of the ingredients list” on product labels, often going unnoticed, says Caitlin Schindler, lead author of the report. Even if consumers do take note, there’s no information about what’s involved in obtaining or processing the derivatives.
Many of these plants are threatened with extinction from overharvesting, disease and pests, climate change, and habitat loss. The endangered state of more than 20,000 medicinal plant species has never been assessed, which means it’s impossible to know whether their use is sustainable.
Meanwhile, the trade in wild plants is booming. U. S. consumers spent more than $12.3 billion on herbal dietary supplements in 2021---up more than 9 percent from 2020. Wild plants have been used locally for centuries, but today’s global demand puts many at risk. And international customers often have no idea where these products originate.
Should consumers stop buying the products No. Schindler says, because “the ingredients are really critical to a lot of people’s livelihoods.” Solutions for transforming the trade in wild plants are rooted in awareness. The first step for consumers is to “just notice that you’re buying something that has a wild ingredient,” she says. It’s generally safer to purchase local products and splurge on more expensive ones, if possible.
Consumers can also look for organic and fair-trade certifications. Various programs evaluate wild-plant supply chains for sustainability, and many companies advertise these certifications, either on the product or online. One of the most prominent is Fair Wild, which assesses environmental risks and recommends best sourcing practices. If certifications are missing, Schindler encourages people to challenge companies to do better. “Until businesses get a bit more pressure from consumers, we won’t see any changes happening,” she says.
28. What can we learn about wild plants according to the report
A. Their current situation is ignored. B. They are limited on a global scale.
C. They have been evaluated regularly. D. Their process information is on the label.
29. Which of the following can replace the underlined words “splurge on” in paragraph 5
A. Get rid of. B. Spend much money on.
C. Pay attention to. D. Conduct many experiments on.
30. Why are the organic and fair-trade certifications valued
A. They confirm the quality of the wild plants.
B. They offer consumers rights to assess the products.
C. They ensure the use of wild plants at a steady level.
D. They inspire companies to make more advertisements.
31. What is the structure of the passage
A. B. C. D.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人们吃的糖果、喝的茶、用的乳液——它们都可能含有来自野生植物的成分。但是这些成分被忽视了。同时介绍了了解这些成分的方法。
28.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Plant derivatives (衍生物) in household products “sit there somewhere in the middle of the ingredients list” on product labels, often going unnoticed, says Caitlin Schindler, lead author of the report.”(该报告的主要作者凯特琳·辛德勒(Caitlin Schindler)说，家用产品中的植物衍生物“位于产品标签上成分表的中间位置”，经常被忽视)可知，根据这篇报道，我们可以了解到关于野生植物它们的现状被忽视了，故选A项。
29.【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文“It’s generally safer to purchase local products”(一般来说，如果可能的话，购买当地的产品)以及“more expensive ones”(更加昂贵的产品)可知，是把更多的钱花费在更加昂贵的产品上，故选B项。
30.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Consumers can also look for organic and fair-trade certifications. Various programs evaluate wild-plant supply chains for sustainability, and many companies advertise these certifications, either on the product or online.”(消费者还可以寻找有机和公平贸易认证。各种各样的项目评估野生植物供应链的可持续性，许多公司在产品上或网上宣传这些认证)可知，为什么有机和公平贸易认证是有价值的是因为他们确保野生植物的使用在一个稳定的水平，故选C项。
31.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题(篇章结构)。通读全文可知，第一段主要讲了短文介绍了人们吃的糖果、喝的茶、用的乳液——它们都可能含有来自野生植物的成分、第二段、第三段和第四段讲了野生植物的成分被忽略的现状。第四五段和第六段告知读者应该如何了解商品中野生动物的成分。所以短文的结构为C选项，故选C项。
D篇9
(四川省部分名校2023-2024学年高三上学期期末联考)For some climate challenges, there are relatively straightforward fixes. For example, renewable energy sources can already replace much of the energy needed to power buildings, cars and more.
There’s no substitute for food, but shifting what we eat is possible. If everyone on the planet ate vegetables, greenhouse gas emissions from the food system could be cut by more than half; a planet of vegetarians would reduce food emissions by two thirds. If we stopped consuming conventional food and relied on a lab-grown nutritional food instead of soil or water-produced food, we could prevent about 1 degree centigrade of future warming, according to a recent paper that considered the unique thought experiment.
“What this work says is: Hey, look, we can still get pretty big wins even if we’re not making these really big changes in dietary composition,” says Clark. “I think that’s really powerful, because a lot of people just don’t want to make those really big dietary changes, for many reasons. While vegetarian diets are becoming more common in America and some European countries, it’s absolutely ridiculous to assume that everyone will be eating a vegetarian diet 30 years from now,” he says.
Food choices are personal, deeply connected to cultural, religious, emotional, economic concerns and so much more. “Rather than dictate how to do it, it’s much better to try to give choices,” says Naglaa, a food, nutrition and environment researcher at Tufts University. This approach aims to inform people so that they can make choices that correspond with their needs and values instead of waiting for the authority’s rules and orders. As a whole, those choices can benefit both human health and the planet. For that to happen, it is necessary to work alongside large-scale efforts to reshape industrial food production.
“But what people choose to eat daily is far from insignificant,” says Clark. “We don’t all have to become vegetarians overnight. Small changes can make a big difference.”
32. How does the author show the effects of dietary changes in paragraph 2
A. By analyzing the reasons. B. By using a quotation.
C. By answering questions. D. By listing data.
33. What is Clark’s attitude towards small dietary changes
A. Indifferent. B. Skeptical. C. Favorable. D. Negative.
34. What does the underlined word “dictate” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Command. B. Persuade. C. Perceive. D. Describe.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. How small changes to our diets can benefit the planet
B. Small changes in life choices can make a big difference
C. Why renewable energy sources can reduce gas emissions
D. Lab-grown nutritional food could prevent future warming
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了饮食方面的小改变是如何造福地球的。
32.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“If everyone on the planet ate vegetables, greenhouse gas emissions from the food system could be cut by more than half; a planet of vegetarians would reduce food emissions by two thirds. If we stopped consuming conventional food and relied on a lab-grown nutritional food instead of soil or water-produced food, we could prevent about 1 degree centigrade of future warming, according to a recent paper that considered the unique thought experiment.(如果地球上的每个人都吃蔬菜，粮食系统的温室气体排放量可以减少一半以上；一个素食主义者的星球将减少三分之二的食物排放。根据最近一篇考虑了这一独特思想实验的论文，如果我们停止食用传统食品，转而依靠实验室种植的营养食品，而不是土壤或水生产的食品，我们就可以防止未来约1摄氏度的变暖)”可推知，作者通过列举数据来表明饮食方面的改变可以缓解地球的温室效应，故选D项。
33.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中Clark所说的话“What this work says is: Hey, look, we can still get pretty big wins even if we’re not making these really big changes in dietary composition(这项研究表明：嘿，看，即使我们没有在饮食成分上做出这些真正的大改变，我们仍然可以取得相当大的成功)和“I think that’s really powerful, because a lot of people just don’t want to make those really big dietary changes, for many reasons.(我认为这真的很强大，因为很多人出于很多原因，不想在饮食上做出很大的改变)”以及最后一段““But what people choose to eat daily is far from insignificant,” says Clark. “We don’t all have to become vegetarians overnight. Small changes can make a big difference.”(“但是人们每天选择吃什么绝非无关紧要，”Clark说。“我们不需要一夜之间都成为素食主义者。小的改变可以带来大的不同。”)”可知，Clark认为人们每天选择吃什么很重要，饮食方面小的改变可以产生大的影响。由此推知，Clark对小的饮食变化是支持的，故选C项。
34.【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线词dictate前文“Rather than(而不是)”以及后文“it’s much better to try to give choices(最好是试着给出选择)”可知，dictate how to do it和后文的give choice相对应；结合下文“This approach aims to inform people so that they can make choices that correspond with their needs and values instead of waiting for the authority’s rules and orders.(这种方法旨在告知人们，使他们能够做出符合自己需求和价值观的选择，而不是等待当局的规则和命令)”可推知，dictate how to do it表达的意思是“命令怎么做”，dictate是“命令”之意，和Command意思相近，故选A项。
35.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“There’s no substitute for food, but shifting what we eat is possible. If everyone on the planet ate vegetables, greenhouse gas emissions from the food system could be cut by more than half; a planet of vegetarians would reduce food emissions by two thirds. If we stopped consuming conventional food and relied on a lab-grown nutritional food instead of soil or water-produced food, we could prevent about 1 degree centigrade of future warming, according to a recent paper that considered the unique thought experiment.(食物没有替代品，但改变我们的饮食是可能的。如果地球上的每个人都吃蔬菜，粮食系统的温室气体排放量可以减少一半以上；一个素食主义者的星球将减少三分之二的食物排放。根据最近的一篇论文，考虑到这个独特的思想实验，如果我们停止食用传统食品，依靠实验室种植的营养食品，而不是土壤或水生产的食品，我们可以防止未来约1摄氏度的变暖)”以及最后一段““But what people choose to eat daily is far from insignificant,” says Clark. “We don’t all have to become vegetarians overnight. Small changes can make a big difference.”(“但是人们每天选择吃什么绝非无关紧要，”Clark说。“我们不需要一夜之间都成为素食主义者。小的改变可以带来大的不同。”)”可知，本文介绍了饮食方面的小改变是如何造福地球的。由此可知，A选项“How small changes to our diets can benefit the planet(我们饮食的微小变化如何造福地球)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题，故选A项。
C篇10
(云南省楚雄州2023-2024学年高三上学期期末)With a fragrance(芳香)through the bedrooms of older adults for two hours every night for six months, memories skyrocketed. Participants in this study by University of California, Irvine(UCI)neuroscientists gained a 226% increase in cognitive capacity compared to the control group. The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy, non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially preventing dementia(痴呆).
The project was conducted through the UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning & Memory. It involved men and women aged 60 to 85 without memory impairment. All were given seven small containers, each containing a single and different natural oil. People in the enriched group received full-strength oils. Control group participants were given the oils in tiny amounts. Participants put a different container into their room each evening prior to going to bed, and it activated for two hours as they slept.
People in the enriched group showed a 226% increase in cognitive performance compared to the control group, as measured by a word list test commonly used to evaluate memory. Participants also reported sleeping more soundly. The researchers say the results from their study bear out what scientists learned about the connection between smell and memory.
Scientists have long known that the loss of ability to smell, can predict development of nearly 70 neurological and psychiatric diseases. These include Alzheimer’s and other dementias, Parkinson’s and alcoholism. Researchers have previously found that exposing people with moderate dementia to up to 40 different smells twice a day over a period of time improved their memories and language skills, eased depression and improved their sense of smell.
The team would next like to study the technique’s impact on people with diagnosed cognitive loss. A product based on their study and designed for people to use at home is expected to come onto the market this fall.
28. What field may the findings be applied to
A. Controlling sleep. B. Exploring smells.
C. Developing skills. D. Promoting memory.
29. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Research results. B. Research process.
C. Research methods. D. Research purpose.
30. How did researchers assess the performance of the participants
A. By giving the participants a test. B. By scanning the participants’ brain.
C. By observing the participants’ actions. D. By asking about the participants’ feeling.
31. What will the researchers focus on in future
A. Developing a smell product. B. The impact of cognitive loss.
C. Application of research results. D. Doing market research for their product.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州大学尔湾分校神经科学家进行了一项为期六个月的研究发现，老年人的卧室里每晚持续两个小时的香味，老人的记忆激增。
28.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy, non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially preventing dementia.(研究人员表示，这一发现将嗅觉和记忆之间长期存在的联系转化为一种简单、无创的技术，可以增强记忆，并有可能预防痴呆症)”可知，该发现可能用于改善记忆力的领域，故选D项。
29.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The project was conducted through the UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning & Memory. It involved men and women aged 60 to 85 without memory impairment. All were given seven small containers, each containing a single and different natural oil. People in the enriched group received full-strength oils. Control group participants were given the oils in tiny amounts. Participants put a different container into their room each evening prior to going to bed, and it activated for two hours as they slept.(该项目是通过UCI学习与记忆神经生物学中心进行的。研究对象为年龄在60至85岁之间且无记忆障碍的男性和女性。所有人都得到了七个小容器，每个容器都装有一种不同的天然油。强化组的人接受了全强度油。对照组的参与者服用了少量的精油。参与者每天晚上睡觉前把一个不同的容器放进房间，在他们睡觉的时候它会激活两个小时)”第二段主要介绍了的是研究是怎样进行的，即研究过程，故选B项。
30.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“People in the enriched group showed a 226% increase in cognitive performance compared to the control group, as measured by a word list test commonly used to evaluate memory.(通过常用于评估记忆的单词表测试，与对照组相比，强化组的人的认知能力提高了226%)”可知，研究人员通过给予参与者单词表测试来评估参与者的表现，故选A项。
31.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The team would next like to study the technique’s impact on people with diagnosed cognitive loss. A product based on their study and designed for people to use at home is expected to come onto the market this fall.(该团队接下来想研究这项技术对被诊断为认知障碍的人的影响。根据他们的研究，一种专为人们在家使用而设计的产品预计将于今年秋天上市)”可知，他们研究的新产品将要上市，故研究人员未来将关注研究成果的应用，故选C项。
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