-2024年高考英语一轮复习语篇理解技能梳理+名校模拟试题精练01 阅读理解细节理解题（含解析）

01 阅读理解细节理解题
命题趋势简析
从近几年高考英语阅读理解题型来看，事实细节题目增多，其难度也稍有加大。其表现有：题目设置顺序与全文行文不尽一致；题目信息与原文信息表达方式不完全相同；答案获取需跨段落搜集等。
从考查侧重点分析看，考题重点由原来的考查语言知识点，如介词搭配、冠词选择及固定句型运用等转向考查学生的语言实际运用能力和语篇运用能力，如概括短文大意、根据短文信息进行推测、猜测词义等。
从阅读理解部分所选材料看，题材多样，情景各异。但多数与考生的实际生活有或多或少的联系。考生结合其生活实际及常识，根据短文所提供的信息，仔细斟酌一番，还是不难做出答案的。
必备应对策略及突破方法使用趋势分析：考生运用平时积累的语言知识，如词汇、语法等，通读短文，作到理解大意;在通读时，注意搜索短文中的5个“W”和1个“H”，5个“W”指的是what，when，where，who，why; 1个“H”指的是how，并留意其所在位置，要求考生能快速地辨认、记忆事实细节；在熟悉材料的情况下，带着问题去找答案。这往往要求考生以略读或通篇跳读为主，寻找与答案相关细节；在做概括、推理题时，需要考生通过思维，将理解的内容加以系统化、条理化，方可作答。
题型特征总览
考点考向 细节理解题考查考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解, 特点是题干针对原文提到的某事物、现象或理论进行发问。
考查方式 命 题 方 式 1. 特殊疑问句形式。以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题; 2. 以是非题的形式。true/false, not true/false或EXCEPT, 近年来这种题型较少; 3. 以According to. . . 开头提问方式; 4. 以填空题的形式; 5. 就文中年代数字、排序、识图等提问
选 项 特 征 1. 正确选项的特征 同义替换: 对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换; 词性或者语态发生变化 语言简化: 把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化, 设置为答案 正话反说: 把原文中的意思反过来表达 2. 干扰选项的特征 张冠李戴: 是原文信息, 但不是题目要求的内容 无中生有: 符合常识, 但不是文章的内容 曲解文意: 与原文的内容极其相似, 只是在某个细节处有些变动 颠倒是非: 在意思上与原文大相径庭 正误参半: 部分正确, 部分错误
晓解题捷径 抓住文本中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键。一般采用寻读法。解题分三步 第一步: 读题干, 抓住关键词; 第二步: 带着问题快速阅读短文, 找出与问题有关的词语或句子; 第三步: 仔细对比选项和原文信息, 继而找出答案。
题型突破攻略
解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细节理解题就需要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断．此类试题在高考中占大多数。值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。
一、点式细节理解题
式细节理解题答案可以在原文中找到，考生一般可以通过读原文中的某句话或某个词语便能得出答案，此类题属于低层次题。解答点式细节理解题，采取“先题后文，题干定位法”，即从问题中抓关键词(题眼)，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干相吻合的关键词或与关键信息相关的段落，仔细推敲，最后确定答案。
1.直接信息题：一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。
【典型例题】 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
21．What would you do to get ticket information
A．Call 13 16 17.
B．Visit .au.
C．Ask at the local station.
D．Check the train schedule.
【分析】
·第一步 找关键词：ticket information
·第二步 定位到原文：在原文中定位原词ticket information，确定关键句为第一段的第二句“For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.”。
·第三步 比对选项：想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。
2.间接信息题：一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整理后得出结论。
【典型例题】 (2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读D)
Dr.Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines.They made a living as divers，spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，”Dr.Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
34．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater.
D．They lived on both land and water.
【分析】
·第一步 找关键词：astonished
·第二步 定位到原文：利用同义词复现确定答案，由关键词astonished定位文中的“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders”为信息句，astonished与amazed为同义词 。
·第三步 比对选项：年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长时间。
3.数字计算题：要求考生在原文中找到相关的数字信息，再对相关的数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案。
【典型例题】 (2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)
Visitor Information
How__to__Get__to__Holker
By Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36，M6.Approximate travel times：Windermere—20 minutes，Kendal—25 minutes，Lancaster—45 minutes，Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail：The nearest station is Cark－in－Cartmel with trains to Carnforth，Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening__Times
Sunday－Friday (closed on Saturday ) 11：00 am－4：00pm，30th March－2nd November.
Admission__Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults： ￡12.00 ￡8.00
Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50
22．How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens
A．￡12.00. B．￡ 9.00.
C．￡8.00. D．￡ 5.50.
【分析】
·第一步 找关键词：Hall & Gardens
·第二步 定位到原文：利用原文数据和题干数据关系确定答案，有Admission Charges及Groups：
￡9.00 ￡5.50的内容可直接得出答案。
·第三步 比对选项：团队参观霍克庄园和花园每人是9英镑。
二、网式细节理解题
网式细节理解题要根据原文中的多处信息才能得出答案。因此在解答该类题目时一定要不厌其烦，题目涉及的多处细节要一一找出，并对选项和原文进行一一比对，做到万无一失。
【典型例题】 (2015·浙江卷阅读A)
The children sat stunned and silent.Was this a teacher talking One girl，who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time，looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished.Then，still looking at me，she said slowly and seriously，“Mr.Holt，do you really mean that？”I said just as seriously，“I mean every word of it.”
During the spring she really astonished me.One day，she was reading at her desk.From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was.I said to myself，“It can’t be，”and went to take a closer look.Sure enough，she was reading Moby Dick，in the edition with woodcuts.I said，“Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going？” She answered，“Oh，sure，but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”
44．Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage
A．She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B．She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C．She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D．She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
【分析】
·第一步 分析选项：标出选项重要信息词。
·第二步 确定目标选项：根据选项重要信息词定位到文中第二段中的“I said，‘Don’t you find parts of it...the next good part.’”确定目标选项A和C。B和D项未提及。
·第三步 逐一对照：虽然女孩读的书有些部分有难度，但是女孩在阅读时，会跳过那些晦涩难懂的部分，选择容易理解的部分来阅读。故A项错误，选C项。
对于一般的多细节理解题，虽然不像正误判断题一样逐个选项与原文排查，但这类题目的答案也是综合原文多个信息得出的，因此也要不厌其烦，认真分析，方能得出正确答案。
【典型例题】 (2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)
Some parents will buy any high－tech toy if they think it will help their child，but researchers said puzzles help children with math－related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine，an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago，found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知)after controlling for differences in parents’ income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child－parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
24．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play
A．Building confidence.
B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self－control.
D．Gaining high－tech knowledge.
【分析】
·第一步 分析题干：根据题干定位到children benefit from puzzle play。
·第二步 一一比对信息源：由第二段中的“Psychologist Susan Levine...spatial skills.” 及第三段内容的信息源，不厌其烦，一一比对。
名校资源学练
1
（2023秋·辽宁沈阳·高三校联考期末）The world has seen many inventions. While most people are proud of those associate with their names, there are things making inventors feel the other way.
The pop-up (弹出) advert, by Ethan Zuckerman
Pop-up ads are convenient for those who are interested, but most people get annoyed when they are on computers. They may contain computer viruses. Just as we would blame the inventor, the man humbly accepted his invention isn’t one of the best. In his essay, Zuckerman wrote about the most hateful thing, “I wrote the code to launch the window and run an ad in it.”
The emoticon, by Scott E. Fahlman
Emoticons began to occupy screens crazily in 2011 and gained great popularity, especially with young men. It had been four years since Fahlman first used a “smiley face” in a computer message. He created the emoticon as a joke marker. But things are different. “It has gone to places I don’t approve of,” he complained to The Wall Street Journal in 2013. “It shouldn’t have been created.”
The office cubicle (隔间), by Bob Propst
In 1968, Bob Propst came up with the idea office cubicles, something that “would build a futuristic and tidy office style with no real walls or doors and provide a more comfortable environment”. But the man has come to hate what he has invented, as Propst recalled to Fortune at age 80, “They’ve changed and just become cubicles”.
The K-Cup, by John Sylvan
It seems everyone has a Keurig coffee maker for K-Cups. John Sylvan invented the K-Cup, aimed at facilitating office life of white-collar workers. Now it’s common in houses and companies. However, the single-serve plastic coffee cups aren’t eco-friendly. “I feel bad sometimes that I ever did it”, Sylvan admits. But! Good news for Mr. Sylvan: Keuring now offers varieties of recyclable K-Cups.
1. When was the emoticon invented
A. In 2007. B. In 2009. C. In 2011. D. In 2013.
2. Which one was created for office workers’ convenience
A. The pop-up advert. B. The emoticon. C. The office cubicle. D. The K-Cup.
3. What do the above inventions have in common
A. They benefit human life greatly.
B. Their creators are blamed by the public.
C. Their inventors feel regretful.
D. They are very popular with young people.
2
（2023春·广东深圳·高三深圳市福田区福田中学校考阶段练习）A shocking news report has revealed that more than one in five species of maple trees faces extinction, warning that 75% of the threatened species are “geographically restricted” in their native regions.
The trees are experiencing a vast decline in habitat, due to urban development, wood harvesting and agricultural expansion. Time is running out for the world's biodiversity. Every recent survey of plants and animals in the wild points to this. This is happening nearly everywhere rarer maples exist. And because of climate change, the narrow habitats that support species at the edges of dry places and at the tops of mountains are quickly disappearing.
The trees can be found in subtropical and tropical regions, as far south as Indonesia. The only species found in the UK, the field maple is not under threat. Not only are the trees a popular attractive feature in parks and public spaces, but they are a key part of the natural ecosystem in woodlands, as well as being an important wood crop in several countries. Although the sugar maple in North America, which produces maple juice, is not endangered, two of the closest relatives to the species are endangered.
The report notes that conserving at-risk species in their natural habitat is the best conservation tactic. But collections in botanical gardens and seed banks-called "ex situ collections" can act as insurance policies against extinction. There are currently 14 species of maple, including four that are critically endangered, which are absent from these types of collections.
One species in Mexico, the Acer binzayedii, is in “desperate need of conservation"”despite only being discovered in 2017. “It is at risk from climate change in its cloud forest habitat and threatened by logging and forest fires while it is also absent from 'ex situ collections',” the report adds. The report recommends developing conservation plans, monitoring species currently not at risk to ensure populations are maintained, and adding those missing maple species to seed banks.
4. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Action to protect maple trees. B. The dangerous situation of maple trees.
C. Various maple trees' habitats in the world. D. The conditions for diversity in maple trees.
5. What do the field maple and the sugar maple have in common
A. They cannot produce juice. B. They are found in America.
C. They are not at risk of extinction. D. They have two endangered relatives.
6. What does the underlined word “tactic” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Topic. B. Approach. C. Result. D. Conclusion.
7. What's the main purpose of the report
A. To offer a proposal. B. To recommend a product.
C. To introduce maple species. D. To warn people of disasters.
3
（2023秋·辽宁大连·高三庄河高中校考阶段练习）When British musician Paul Barton performs in central Thailand lately, the listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music. The behavior is normal, however, because these crowds are truly wild—wild monkeys to be exact.
Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.
The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.
The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love. Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch his head. But, Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even as a small monkey runs over his hands on the instrument. Other monkeys take control of his music papers. “I was glad and surprised to find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it.”
The monkeys are Barton's latest animal fans. Past wildlife audience included elephants living in special protected areas. Barton hopes to raise people's awareness of the monkeys' hunger. At the same time, he hopes to study their behavior as they react to classical music.
“Come together and don't let the pandemic stop the wild monkeys getting good nutritious food. We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer,” said 59 -year-old Barton.
8. Why does the musician play to the wild monkeys
A. To see the wild animals just being themselves.
B. To study their behavior as they react to pop music.
C. To raise money for the wild monkeys' hunger.
D. To help calm them during COVID -19 crisis.
9. What kind of music does the musician play
A. Contemporary music. B. Classical music.
C. Country music. D. Popular music.
10. What does the underlined phrase “eating the music" in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. Stealing his music papers. B. Eating his music papers.
C. Disturbing his performance. D. Enjoying his playing
11. What can we infer from the text
A. Wild monkeys like to play with the musician.
B. People will start to protect the wild monkeys.
C. The COVID-19 has damaged much to the world.
D. Music can make the wild animals more active.
4
（2023·浙江·模拟预测）As COVID-19 hit and the world went into varying levels of lockdown (封锁), it became difficult for researchers to know what was happening in the ocean. But now, you can join the eOceans platform to help researchers gather data on oceans and ocean ecosystems in real-time.
Downloading the eOceans app on your smartphone and logging what you see when you are on the coast or in the ocean, including any animals, people, pollution or even an empty beach, you can help researchers monitor the world’s oceans. The app lets you note your observations as well as upload photos. This information is then linked to your geographical location and is made accessible to scientists studying that region. Using eOceans data, researchers can remotely monitor how oceans and coastal communities worldwide are happening, including in the context of the pandemic (疫情).
In reality, observations recorded through eOceans are already providing valuable insights. During Australia’s lockdown, for example, the largest group of turtles in the country’s history was spotted by researchers using eOceans data. And in Hawaii, data from the app suggests that clearer waters are associated with a reduction in tourists during the pandemic.
Negative impacts of the pandemic on the ocean have also been picked up through the app, including an increase in pollution from personal protective equipment, as well as pandemic-related interruptions to marine (海洋的) recovery following a 2019 oil leak in Brazilian waters. In future, data from eOceans could help enable early detection of hazards (危害), such as oil leaks, so that they can be dealt with sooner, says Christine Ward-Paige, founder and chief scientist at eOceans.
“Till now, more than 1,000 people have already joined the eOceans platform,” says Ward-Paige. “But more data on wild life spotted along coastlines, as well as information on how people are using these spaces, are still needed.”
12. How can people help researchers monitor the ocean through the eOceans platform
A. By downloading and observing some data of hazards.
B. By spotting and marking the previous marine recovery.
C. By collecting and uploading timely oceanic information.
D. By detecting and reporting your present geographical location.
13. Which discovery has been made based on the eOceans data
A. An oil leak occurring in Australian waters.
B. The largest turtle found in Australia’s history.
C. A factor contributing to clearer waters in Hawaii.
D. A boom of tourism appearing during the pandemic.
14. What is Ward-Paige’s attitude towards the future of eOceans platform
A. Indifferent. B. Optimistic.
C. Doubtful. D. Anxious.
15. What can be the best title for the text
A. Keeping an eye on the ocean. B. Caring about the ocean pollution.
C. Showing love to coastal creatures. D. Monitoring the quality of seawater.
5
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Maeve Higgins once set herself a task. The Irish-born comedian wanted to see what life would be like if she stopped laughing at things that weren’t funny. Turns out it wasn’t as easy as she thought. “It was so hard,” she says. “ Laughter is a lubricant (润滑油) and is expected, and it’s really hard not to do it.”
Higgins suggests there’s something particularly special about being part of the shared experience that is live comedy — that curious magic that occurs when people come together specifically to laugh.
Comedy is more than just a pleasant way to pass an evening, humour more than something to amuse. They’re interwoven into our everyday existence. Whether you’re sharing an amusing story at a party or telling a dark joke at a funeral, humour is everywhere. But what is it for And can humour, as comedy, change how we feel, what we think or even what we do
As an essential part of human interaction, humour has been on the minds of thinkers for centuries. One of the most enduring theories of humour was put forward by the philosopher Thomas Hobbes. It asserts that humour appears to make fun of the weak and exert superiority. While this is clearly the function of some comedy, it’s far from a complete explanation for the overall purpose of humour.
For some comedians, it’s not just about getting laughs — it’s about changing what we think and maybe even what we do. If there’s one comic who is really typical of this, it’s Josie Long. A social justice activist and a comedian, Long has a reputation for delightful, optimistic humour and storytelling.
As her career has evolved, she has consciously put social and political topics at the heart of her act. She believes that comedians have a role to play in challenging some of the most pressing issues of the day.
British comic Stephen K Amos sells out venues seating thousands, year in, year out. Amos firmly believes that when comics consciously deal with pressing or controversial （有争议的）social issues like racism, they can reach people on a much more meaningful level than that achieved by briefly lifting someone’s mood. And while it may be difficult to quantify, he says, the social and psychological impact of comedy deserves much greater recognition.
The research backs this up. Although the role of comedy is to be entertaining first and foremost, Sharon Lockyer, a sociologist who studies humour, has identified a number of possible other functions. These include challenging stereotypes (刻板印象).
Amos’s work frequently settles the issues of race by challenging stereotypes.”I don’t do things for shock value,” he says. “ I do stuff that matters to me. In the old days it was just about doing jokes. We’ve moved on — people are talking about things that matter. ”
16. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about
A. The benefits of laughing.
B. What a comedian’s daily work is about.
C. Why Maeve Higgins chose to be a comedian.
D. Maeve Higgins’ understanding of the appeal of comedy.
17. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A. Protect the weak from the evil.
B. Encourage people to be stronger.
C. Be determined to improve oneself.
D. Show you are better than other people.
18. According to the article, how does comedy have an effect on social issues
A. By gradually influencing people’s attitudes.
B. By urging politicians to try and solve the issues.
C. By quickly yet thoroughly changing people’s thinking.
D. By calling on the whole society to pay attention to the issues.
19. According to the article, comedy includes the following roles except ________ .
A. getting people to laugh
B. promoting social progress
C. influencing people’s ideas
D. making people more productive
6
（2023秋·山西太原·高三太原五中校考期末）Research has shown that disrupting one's natural “morning lark” (早起鸟) or “night owl” (夜猫子) tendency can result in immoral behavior at work.
Who doesn't love a flexible work schedule Being able to make your own hours, come in when you're ready and leave when you're done, step out to attend a child's presentation at school, have a midday appointment, or even squeeze in a quick workout or nap as a guaranteed pick-me-up — flexibility greatly improves one's quality of life.
The benefits don't stop there, however. Research has shown that having flexible work hours actually makes one a better person. How so It's been found that disrupted sleep patterns —in the form of having to act outside of your normal inclination to be a morning “lark” or a night “owl” — can result in strange, unethical, and out-of-line behavior.
Science journalist Linda Geddes said, “If you don't get enough sleep, research suggests you are more likely to have unethical behavior, such as being mean, bullying your fellow employees or falsifying receipts. But it's not just owls: the larks tend to behave more unethically in the evening, and owls in the morning. So ideally, you want to introduce flexible working."
Employers would be wise to allow their employees to start whenever they feel ready — whether it's at the crack of dawn or at 11 a.m., and to allow breaks or pauses in the day as needed — because that would mean better productivity, performance, and behavior.
This shift is already happening, with the New York Times recently reporting that 27 percent of US employers now offer the flexibility to work outside normal business hours, up from 22 percent in 2014; and 68 percent allow telecommuting as needed (up from 54 percent in 2014). With the national unemployment rate at its lowest in 50 years, employers are having to become more competitive in what they offer workers, and flex-hours seem like a no-brainer, highly beneficial to all.
20. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2
A. Ways to improve life quality.
B. People's activities in their free time.
C. Methods to get a flexible work schedule.
D. The advantages of flexibility in work time.
21. What does the underlined word “inclination” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Judgment. B. Tendency. C. Reaction. D. Choice.
22. What is the effect to change people's sleep pattern according to Geddes
A. They will show their nature more easily.
B. They tend to suffer from sleep problems.
C. They tend to behave immorally in their work.
D. They will get more flexibility in working time.
23. What do the figures in the last paragraph indicate
A. The unemployment rate is increasing.
B. Employers are getting more free time.
C. Flexible working has been creating more jobs.
D. More employers adopt a flexible work schedule.
7
（2023春·广西柳州·高三柳州市第三中学校考开学考试）From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don't know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.
One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that’s enough for me. Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean.”
The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr Holt, do you really mean that ” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.”
During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can’t be.” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick, in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going ” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”
This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book!
24. According to the passage, children’s fear and dislike of books may result from________.
A. reading little and thinking little B. reading often and adventurously
C. being made to read too much D. being made to read aloud before others
25. Upon hearing the teacher’s talk, the children probably felt that________.
A. it sounded stupid B. it was not surprising at all
C. it sounded too good to be true D. it was no different from other teachers' talk
26. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage
A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
27. From the teacher’s point of view, ________.
A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading
B. children should be left to decide what to read and how to read
C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school
D. reading involves understanding every little piece of information
8
（2023春·重庆·高三开学考试）In Judgement Day, one of the hit film series Terminator, a cyborg(生化人) played by Schwarzenegger could heal his skin wound magically, that is, he makes the skin repair itself in less than a second. Recently, according to Mirror, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans’.
Previous attempts to "electronically" copy human skin have fallen short. Making suitably flexible electronics that can perform delicate tasks while also enduring the bumps and scrapes of everyday life is challenging, and each material involved must be carefully engineered. The previous sensor layer was too weak or too strong, reducing its durability, sensitivity or flexibility, which makes it more likely to break.
With the development of 2D sensors and hydrogel(水凝胶), scientists’ efforts paid off, linking sensor layer with skin functionally and durably. Study author Dr Jie Shen said, "Hydrogels are more than 70 percent water, making them very compatible(相容的) with human skin tissues. By prestretching the hydrogel in all directions, applying a layer of nano（纳米）wires, and then carefully controlling its release, we created conductive pathways to the sensor layer that remained complete even when the material was stretched to 28 times its original size. Meanwhile, skin electronics kept changing at a spectacular pace."
This e-skin can sense temperature and touch from up to 8 inches away, react to things in under one tenth of a second and repair itself more than 5,000 times. The new invention could help monitor a range of biological information, including changes in blood pressure. While the first port of call is medical, the e-skin could benefit a wide range of products one day, such as monitoring the structural condition of furniture and planes.
28. Why is a cyborg in Judgement Day mentioned in Paragraph l
A. To introduce the topic. B. To inform the background.
C. To advertise the hit film. D. To recommend Schwarzenegger.
29. What made the previous attempts fall short
A. The delicate tasks. B. The unsuitable sensor layer.
C. The bumps and scrapes of everyday life. D. The compatibility with human skin tissues.
30. What can we infer about the e-skin from the last paragraph
A. It can sense and react exactly like humans’ skin.
B. It may be used to check the condition of bridges.
C. It can make human beings live as long as they want.
D. It will turn human beings into cyborgs that never die.
31. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Electronic skin has a wide range of applications.
B. Hydrogel contributes to developing electronic skin.
C. Attempts to develop electronic skin have fallen short.
D. Smart electronic skin has been developed by scientists.
9
（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·牡丹江市第三高级中学校考三模）An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather. Each little house also has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes.
Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20 tiny houses. Several are on the roadside near an active railroad. On a recent day, Mr.Kloehn stops at one to visit Oscar Young. The two men hug. Inside his little shelter Mr.Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets. Mr.Kloehn also visits Sweet Pea, another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built. She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.
In the mornings, Mr. Kloehn searches the streets for building materials. He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio. There, he puts the houses together. Empty coffee bags become roof material. A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows. Nails,screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together. The artist also attaches a small electrical device to the house. The device is powered by the sun.
Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own. But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man.
Mr.Kloehn says his work is not a social project. He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors.
32. The following are the advantages of the small shelters EXCEPT ________.
A. saving power and energy
B. protecting possessions of the homeless
C. decorating the streets where they are
D. keeping the homeless safe and comfortable
33. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. Greg Kloehn has sold at least 20 tiny houses
B. an act of kindness has made people simple and grateful
C. the shelters are immovable
D. the government has got involved in the action
34. The passage is likely taken from ________.
A. an official report
B. an art review
C. a science magazine
D. a news report
35. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. An artist creates homes for the homeless.
B. A more comfortable shelter on the streets.
C. A successful social project in Oakland.
D. An artist makes a living by designing small shelters.
10
（2023·陕西·统考一模）Having worked for more than a decade in finance in the oil industry in Canada, Tori Fahey found herself wanting more from life. But it wasn't through desperation that her circumstances changed: “I didn't get fed up and storm off, nothing like that; it was curiosity about other interests and wanting to experience something new.”
Fahey left her job and completed an MBA before setting up a move to New York to begin a degree. However, the opportunity of an open year between the MBA and the degree came up, and as a keen touring cyclist, Fahey realised that a much dreamed-about adventure was now becoming a possibility: "The ride in Africa had been on my fantasy list. It was a moment when I realised that I could do anything, so I should."
Fahey rode across Africa, a 7,500-mile trip that took four months. The whole experience had a life-changing impact. Fahey said: “Bicycles provide a literal freedom. You don't allow yourself to feel like that in everyday life because there are so many distractions. But when you' re out on the bike and there's nothing else, you' re really free to experience what life is.”
Post-degree, Fahey worked on projects with the UNDP(United Nations Development Project) in Montenegro with the aim of bringing investment to rural communities.
It was while working on these projects that the seeds were sown for the next new investment. “It was through my trip across Africa that I discovered pannier and rack systems inconvenient and I was never going to use them again.” Little did she know this would lead her to start up her own company.
In 2013, Apidura was born, producing storage solutions for people looking to travel the world by bike, race across continents and carry all they need to do so. It's now a successful global brand, but Fahey remains reflective about what else the company can do for people.
36. Why did Fahey leave her job in Canada
A. She was bored with the job. B. She was disappointed with life.
C. She wanted to add new dimensions to her life. D. She found it hard to adjust to the circumstances.
37. Which can best describe Fahey's ride experience in Africa
A. Demanding. B. Liberating. C. Eventful. D. Dangerous.
38. Why did Fahey launch Apidura
A. To encourage bicycle traveling. B. To make her investment profitable.
C. To help cyclists carry traveling stuff. D. To increase the pleasure of riding bikes.
39. What is the passage mainly about
A. A tough path to fame. B. An adventure across Africa.
C. The benefits of green travelling. D. The story behind the birth of Apidura.
11
（2023·湖南衡阳·衡阳市八中校考模拟预测）Amanda Kofoeds had found a strange lump in her arm one day and visited a doctor at a friend's urging. During this time, she was enrolled in school for education and was currently uninsured due to the expense. She planned to save money so she could get on her husband' s insurance and then seek medical treatment for the cancer.
Her friends and family didn't want her to postpone her treatment due to the expense. They took matters into their own hands and started a GoFundMe campaign. The friend came up with the creative idea to spread the word and invite family, friends, and strangers who wanted to help to participate in a donation flash mob (快闪行动).The event started an outpouring of enormous generosity from the local community.
Amanda and her husband Clint teared up as the crowd passed by and the donations poured in. The generous act of kindness gave the family a comforting, and optimistic feeling during a time when all hope seemed lost. Clint said that Amanda struggled with the idea of asking for help. She felt guilty and undeserving compared to others who are also struggling.
In the time since, Amanda has enrolled in an insurance plan and has finished chemotherapy. Life for the family has started getting back to their normal routine.
Once Amanda got her strength back, she returned to school and completed her bachelor's degree in education. She is now a teacher. She said the experience motivated her to instill (灌输) the value of charity in her children. The family is now inspired to volunteer in their local neighborhood and contribute to crowdfunding (众筹) efforts. They are grateful for the opportunity to give back and help others as many have helped them.
The couple said they feel blessed by the strong support. PassItOn wants to celebrate those heroes during the family's darkest time. These individuals perfectly demonstrate the value of community. It is with the help of their generosity that the family is now happy, healthy and whole.
40. Why did Amanda Kofoeds postpone her treatment
A. She was admitted to a school.
B. Her family couldn't afford the medical cost.
C. No good doctors could treat her cancer.
D. Her friends and family refused to assist her.
41. What did her friends do to help Amanda Kofoeds
A. They started a donation flash mob.
B. They founded a community school.
C. They supported her through local hospitals.
D. They fought for assistance from the whole country.
42. Which word best describes the couple's feeling when strongly supported
A. Guilty. B. Satisfied. C. Anxious. D. Grateful.
43. What can we learn from Amanda Kofoeds' story
A. Hard work pays off.
B. The value of charity is great.
C. Education is the key to success.
D. A friend is never known till a man has need.
12
（2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校联考二模）What limits you from hiking more often Many complain that they don't have a suitable partner to go with. Why not take a look at the great hiking clubs across Canada
Yukon Outdoors Club
Website: yukonoutdoorsclub.ca
Membership cost: $10 for a single membership; $15 for a family membership
Description: The club arranges day hikes, backpacking trips, canoe trips, mountain biking, cross-country skiing trips, snowshoeing trips and various workshops for members to gain new skills and valuable information.
UBC Varsity Outdoor Club
Website: ubc-voc.com
Membership cost: Students $40； non-UBC students $60
Description: The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club is a social group that hikes, mountaineers, rock climbs and ice climbs. Travel and outdoor-minded UBC students and non-students are welcome to join. The UBC VOC has also constructed a few backcountry cottages in the Coast Mountains.
Pender Harbor Hiking Group
Website: penderharbourhiking.weebly. Com
Membership cost: Free.
Description: The Pender Harbor Hiking Group offers hikes scheduled two months in advance, so get on the mailing list or check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for you! Hikes are usually one and a half to two hours long, but some full-day hikes are scheduled, depending on members, interest.
Vernon Outdoors Club
Website: vernonoutdoorsclub. Org
Membership cost: A single membership is $25, and students pay $10, Children are free.
Description: Boasting a membership of close to 200 people, the Vernon Outdoors Club is an active group that enjoys hiking and cycling. The group organizes a Tuesday Rambles event each week and also hosts multi-day trips.
44. Which club has built remote shelters for hikers
A. The Yukon Outdoors Club.
B. The Vernon Outdoors Club.
C. The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club.
D. The Pender Harbor Hiking Group.
45. What should you do if you hope to hike with the Pender Harbour Hiking Group
A. Make a proper appointment.
B. Follow the website or the mail.
C. Develop your interest in hiking.
D. Arrange two months ahead of time.
46. What do the four clubs have in common
A. Booking in advance.
B. Charging membership fee.
C. Providing skill workshops.
D. Organizing hiking activities.
13
（2023春·上海·高三复旦附中校考阶段练习）
E-cigarettes Ban:Good news for Tobacco
The proposed ban on flavored e-cigarettes may drive many Americans back to cigarettes,said Christopher Palmeri and Jeff Green in the Los Ange Times.
Responding to an outbreak of hundreds of serious lung illnesses from vapes(电子烟)that killed a seventh person this week, FDA(食物药品监管局)will outlaw everything but tobacco-flavored-cigarettes, as Michigan and New York state recently did. Flavors like buttered popcorn and mango helped create "an explosion" in teen vaping. But hundreds of thousands of teens already addicted to nicotine-and 9 million adults who vape--may simply replace vaping with tobacco products. By banning favored vapes the government may be "closing the shed door after the horse has gotten out."
Nobody vapes "because the flavor is so amazing," said David Marcus in The Federalist com. That's why the ban is so clueless."If kids want to taste bubble gum,they can buy,you know,bubble gum." Vaping giants like Juul need to be honest about the fact that they’re in the nicotine business, and monitor themselves accordingly. They should spend billions ensuring that stores don’t sell to minors instead of touting the "scientific conclusion"that e-cigarettes are safer than smoking. The burning involved in smoking cigarettes creates tar and a bunch of chemicals not present in e-cigarettes' watery vapor. True, but nicotine is also a dangerous and addictive drug and vaping liquid itself contains chemicals that damage blood vessels(血管)."The idea of safe smoking" is"a lie," and the vaping industry's fruit- and candy-flavored pods" are proof of evil intent."
"The massive increase in teen vapers" is a reasonable concern, said Robert Gebelhoff in Washington .But the evidence suggests that the lung illnesses that led the government to act were caused by black-market products cut with dangerous substance.Banning favored vapes will only drive more nicotine addicts and teens to the black market,which will be happy to provide fruity pods. Instead of banning flavors, the government "should empower the FDA to fully regulate the industry." That would let science,"not panic,guide our policy."
47. What led to the proposed ban on e-cigarettes
A. Popular flavors like mango led to teen nicotine addiction.
B. The lack of proper legal supervision in the vaping industry.
C. An increased number of deaths resulting from lung diseases.
D. The sharp increase in the sale of unhealthy tobacco products.
48. What might happen if the ban takes effect
A. FDA would regulate the tobacco industry more effectively.
B. The vaping industry would be more strictly monitored.
C. The evil intent of the vaping industry would be revealed.
D. The tobacco industry might regain its previous glory.
49. The underlined word "touting"probably means________.
A. Promoting B. challenging C. assuming D. tolerating
50. What is the writer's attitude towards vape ban
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving C. Uninterested D. Impartial.
14
（2023秋·湖南娄底·高三湖南省新化县第一中学校考期末）One night in March, five years ago, during happy hour at a bar in my hometown, I made a surprise announcement to my friends: I was going to shut down my law practice and attempt to travel around the globe in a year. What’s more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind. My announcement drew mixed reactions from my friends. Some offered support and encouragement, while others were more doubtful.
Once I’d said the words, there was no turning back. It took months to shut down my law practice and get things in order. Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher. Even so, travelling overland was the most awe-inspiring way to truly understand the immensity of our wonderful planet.
I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. I would look out the windows for hours on end at the completely unspoiled plains, as if humans had never touched it.
It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing, each day spent gazing out the windows for hours as the West Siberian Plain swept by. Sometimes, I wouldn’t see a village or a human being for 10 hours. Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure.
It turned out that travelling with no reservations was far less difficult than I had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere. It also kept me flexible and open about all my travel plans, which is advice I give everyone who asks—plan far less than you think you should.
51. The author’s trip was special in that .
A. he made it at the expense of giving up his job
B. it hardly cost him anything
C. he did not make advance booking or travel by air
D. it was a global trip
52. The author most probably returned to the United States in .
A. June 2017 B. December 2018
C. October 2017 D. February 2018
53. What’s the correct order of the places that the author travelled to
①Moscow ②Philadelphia ③New Zealand ④Ushuaia ⑤Beijing ⑥Buenos
A. ⑤④①⑥③② B. ④⑥①⑤③②
C. ④⑤①⑥③② D. ⑤①⑥④③②
54. What does the author think of his around-the-world tour
A. challenging but pleasing B. dangerous but wonderful
C. boring and disappointing D. costly and painful
15
（2023秋·江苏南京·高三南京市第三高级中学校考期末）Mother Nature is a cruel mistress. Why Read on to find the answer.
Venice
This iconic city is sinking rapidly. The canals that make up the streets of Venice rise 2mm every year, making relics of history go under the surface of water and destroying architecture. Experts warn that without intervention(干预), this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate, consumed by rising sea level from melting polar ice caps.
Machu Picchu
These iconic ruins have drawn adventurous tourists into the mountains of South America.The forces of natural erosion(侵蚀)have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins, making the site instantly accessible to millions but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.
Glacier National park
Perhaps you've heard that the ice caps are melting. But nowhere is more apparent in the United States than in Glacier National Park.Estimates indicate that the glaciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decades.
The Great Barrier Reef
Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. Nearly fifty percent of coral which once occupied a large area is gone,destroyed by pollution and disease.
55. What can we learn about Machu Picchu
A. It's famous for cable cars.
B. It has no convenient traffic.
C. It's well preserved by the locals.
D. It bears a heavy burden of tourism.
56. Which place probably needs visitors to dive into the water to enjoy its beauty
A. Venice. B. Machu Picchu.
C. Glacier National Park. D. The Great Barrier Reef.
57. What do the above attractions have in common
A. They all have a long history.
B. They're all threatened by climate.
C. They're all in danger of disappearing.
D. They're all well-known for natural scenery.
16
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考一模）There has been a lot of publicity (宣传) recently surrounding 5G, the next generation of wireless technology for the world. But what is this technology and how might it change our lives
What is 5G
5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system. 4G was the replacement for 3G, which came after 2G, and so on. These systems are wireless computer networks. Earlier “G” systems were designed to improve mobile communication operations. Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity. The new 5G system promises more of the same. It is expected to permit more users to do more things-at a faster rate. Higher internet speeds and larger network capacity should result in better performance for device users connected to 5G. However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different than the earlier systems. It will move well beyond mobile network technology to affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.
When will it be available
Before we can all use 5G, wireless companies and phone makers will have to complete and deploy (部署) a whole new system. New phones and communication equipment must be built. American wireless companies have been preparing for the new system for some time. They have been creating new network equipment and buying broadcasting space to carry 5G signals. They have built news G antennas(天线)to serve American cities and towns. Wireless providers will invest at least $275 billion n 5G-related networks in the United States, the industry group CTIA reported. The first U.S, launch of 5G is expected to happen sometime this year. Industry experts expect it will take a few more year to go nationwide. It will take even longer to reach rural areas. China is expected to launch 5G sometime in 2020, while European nations are likely to build their systems more slowly over time.
58. Which system is widely used nowadays
A. 5G. B. 2G. C. 3G D. 4G.
59. Which of the following is NOT 5G system’s advantage to the other Gs
A. It will allow more users to do more things. B. The internet speed will be much higher.
C. The users will spend much less money on it. D. It will affect more devices and industries
60. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. 5G system has nothing to do with phone makers.
B. There is much work to do before 5G comes into use.
C. New phones will be much smarter than those used now.
D. 4G system will be stopped as soon as 5G comes into use.
61. In which order will the following countries use 5G system according to the passage
A. USA→China→European nations. B. China→USA→European nations.
C. USA→European nations→China. D. European nations→China→USA.
17
（2023秋·四川宜宾·高三四川省宜宾市第四中学校校考期末）If your fingers get chilly all year round—even in the peak of summer—you’re not alone. Many people get cold hands during all of the seasons, due to a number of causes, from genetic to chronic illnesses.
Common reasons include being elderly and thin. If your hands are regularly cold or numb, however, it’s a good idea to see a doctor to rule out more serious causes. Cold hands are one of the symptoms of both anemia (贫血症) and hypothyroidism (甲状腺机能减退). Diabetes, which reduces blood circulation, can also trigger it. And if your heart is weak from heart disease, your body may prioritize sending blood to your core over your limbs.
For many others, cold hands are a sign they have a largely harmless condition called Raynaud’s disease. When any of us goes out in the cold, our bodies activate the muscles in our smallest blood vessels to make them even smaller—a survival mechanism to keep blood, and thus warmer temperatures, in our core. For people with Raynaud’s, this reaction is too strong, and instead of just a bit less blood going to their fingers, far too little gets there.
Raynaud’s is more common in women, and it most often develops before the age of 30. In fact, if you develop Raynaud’s when you’re older—usually after 40—it can be a sign of another underlying issue. That could be a smaller problem—a previous incident of frostbite (冻伤) or a sign of a more serious autoimmune condition, like lupus (狼疮).
For the majority of people living with Raynaud’s, medication won’t be necessary. However, a rare, more severe form of Raynaud’s affects less than one in 1,000 people. In these cases, blood can become completely blocked, causing sores on the hands. If they go untreated, it can lead to gangrene (坏疽) and, very rarely, amputation (截肢).
62. What’s the purpose of paragraph 1
A. introduce a topic B. present an argument
C. describe the characters D. clarify his writing purpose
63. According to the text, which of the following is not the cause of cold hands
A. diabetes B. heart disease C. aging D. obesity
64. What do we know about Raynaud’s disease
A. It appears when blood vessels in your body overreact to high temperatures.
B. Males never suffer from it before the age of 30.
C. In some cases, it can be a sign of some health issues.
D. For most people, it is a serious health problem.
65. What will the author talk about in the following paragraph
A. The reasons why people have cold hands
B. Ways to treat Raynaud’s disease and prevent cold hands
C. Medical research on Raynaud’s Disease
D. Disadvantages of cold hands
18
（2023·安徽安庆·高三安庆市第二中学校考阶段练习）In my second year of high school, I took my first computer science course, which helped me realize I was interested in software. The idea of creating something from just lines of codes and logic was very fascinating. And I didn't put as much time into music as I used to, thinking practicing the piano was just a waste of time.
A year later, when I got back on the piano, I quickly noticed my musical ear was not as strong as it was before. I could no longer hear the difference between a perfect 4th and a perfect 5th or between a D and D flat. Then I had a firm decision to get my skills to where it used to be. After weeks of practicing, I didn't see much progress. I was extremely discouraged and felt that I would have to accept that I no longer will be able to play as well as I used to.
While watching hundreds of tutorials online on how to code in Swift I came up with an idea. What if I used the knowledge I gained from these tutorials to develop an app that would help train my musical ear. After hours of coding, I developed an app that would play a different series of notes, then the user would have to type in the corresponding notes to what they heard. When I was on the subway or had some extra time I could easily open up the app on my phone and use it to help my musical ear. In about 2 months, I regained the skills I lost.
This experience helped me see something that I never noticed before. Programming gives me a platform to express my ideas; in a similar way, playing the piano gives me a way to express my feelings. When playing through a song for the first time I hear many errors. Similarly, when I run my program for the first time there are usually many mistakes. In both of these cases, it takes patience to go through each measure or line to hear or find the error. I realized when I’m playing the piano I am also practicing my programming skills and vice versa.
66. What happened to the author a year ago
A. He realized his strength. B. He invented lines of codes.
C. He developed another hobby. D. He was too busy to practice piano.
67. Which of the following can best describe the author
A. Determined and creative. B. Hard-working and gifted.
C. Easy-going and generous. D. Independent and energetic.
68. What can we infer about the author from the third paragraph
A. He received musical training online.
B. He improved himself by studying online.
C. He got inspired from the tutorials online.
D. He made good use of the app he downloaded online.
69. What can the author learn from the experience
A. He came to realize it is important to develop some good qualities.
B. He understood the meaning of the saying “practice makes perfect”.
C. He found programming and playing the piano have something in common.
D. He felt it necessary to improve himself in programming and playing the piano.
参考答案
1
1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了几种让人反感的发明。
1. 细节理解题。由文章第三段“Emoticons began to occupy screens crazily in 2011 and gained great popularity, especially with young men. It had been four years since Fahlman first used a “smiley face” in a computer message.（表情符号在2011年开始疯狂占据屏幕，并获得了极大的人气，尤其是在年轻男性中。法尔曼第一次在电脑信息中使用“笑脸”已经过去四年了）”可知，表情符号开始占据屏幕是2011年，而法尔曼第一次在电脑信息中使用“笑脸”已经过去四年了，由此可以推出第一次出现表情符应是2007年的时候。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“It seems everyone has a Keurig coffee maker for K-Cups. John Sylvan invented the K-Cup, aimed at facilitating office life of white-collar workers.（似乎每个人都有一个K-Cup的Keurig咖啡机。 约翰·塞尔万发明了K-Cup，旨在方便白领的办公室生活）”可知，K-Cup是为了方便白领的办公生活而发明的。故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。由文章第二段“Just as we would blame the inventor, the man humbly accepted his invention isn’t one of the best.（就像我们会责备发明者一样，这个人谦卑地接受了他的发明不是最好的）”，第二段“It shouldn’t have been created.（它不应该被创造）”，第三段“But the man has come to hate what he has invented（但是这个人已经开始憎恨他所发明的东西 ）”，以及第四段“I feel bad sometimes that I ever did it（有时我为自己做过的事感到内疚）”可知，这四个发明的共同点是发明者都感到后悔。故选C项。
2
4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】本文是新闻报道。一则令人震惊的新闻报道显示，超过五分之一的枫树物种面临灭绝，并警告说，75%的受威胁物种在其原生地受到“地理限制”。文章介绍了枫树濒临灭绝的原因和保护策略。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The trees are experiencing a vast decline in habitat, due to urban development, wood harvesting and agricultural expansion. Time is running out for the world's biodiversity. Every recent survey of plants and animals in the wild points to this. This is happening nearly everywhere rarer maples exist. And because of climate change, the narrow habitats that support species at the edges of dry places and at the tops of mountains are quickly disappearing.(由于城市发展、木材采伐和农业扩张，这些树木的栖息地正在急剧减少。留给世界生物多样性的时间不多了。最近对野生动植物的每一项调查都指向这一点。这种情况几乎发生在所有稀有枫树存在的地方。而且由于气候变化，在干旱地区边缘和山顶支持物种的狭窄栖息地正在迅速消失)”可知，该段主要讲了由于城市发展，伐木和农业扩张，枫树面临生长地正在急剧减少的危险处境。故选B。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The only species found in the UK, the field maple is not under threat. Not only are the trees a popular attractive feature in parks and public spaces, but they are a key part of the natural ecosystem in woodlands, as well as being an important wood crop in several countries. Although the sugar maple in North America, which produces maple juice, is not endangered, two of the closest relatives to the species are endangered.(作为在英国唯一发现的树种，野枫树并没有受到威胁。这些树木不仅是公园和公共空间中受欢迎的吸引人的特征，而且是林地自然生态系统的重要组成部分，也是一些国家的重要木材作物。虽然生产枫汁的北美糖枫树并不濒危，但该物种的两种近亲却濒临灭绝)”可知，作为在英国发现的唯一一种野枫树，它并没有受到威胁；生产枫汁的北美糖枫并没有濒临灭绝，两者共同之处是它们都没有灭绝的危险。故选C。
6. 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The report notes that conserving at-risk species in their natural habitat is the best conservation”以及后文“But collections in botanical gardens and seed banks-called "ex situ collections" can act as insurance policies against extinction.(但是在植物园和种子库的收藏——被称为“迁地收集”——可以作为防止物种灭绝的保险措施)”可知，报告指出，在自然生长地保护濒危物种是最好的保护策略，但是在植物园和被称为“迁地收集”的种子库的物种收集可以作为防止物种灭绝的保险策略。故tactic意为“策略；方法”，与approach意思一致。A. Topic.主题；B. Approach.方法；C. Result.结果；D. Conclusion.结论。故选B。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The report recommends developing conservation plans, monitoring species currently not at risk to ensure populations are maintained, and adding those missing maple species to seed banks.(该报告建议制定保护计划，监测目前没有危险的物种以维持数量，并将那些消失的枫树物种添加到种子库中)”可推知，该报告的主要目的是提出建议。故选A。
3
8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。英国音乐家Paul Barton最近在泰国中部演出，希望能缓解新冠病毒危机带给动物的压力，带来了很好的反响。
8. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.)( Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”可知，音乐家对着野生猴子演奏是为了帮助他们在新冠肺炎疫情期间保持镇静。故选D。
9. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和Michael Nyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”可知，音乐家演奏的是古典音乐。故选B。
10. 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和Michael Nyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”以及画线词上文“I was glad and surprised to find that they were actually”以及后文“as I was playing it”可知，让Barton高兴和惊讶的是，在他演奏音乐的时候，猴子真地在欣赏他的演奏。画线词指的是“欣赏他的演奏”。故选D。
11. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.( Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”以及第三段“The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.(这种疾病也给猴子带来了问题。他们挨饿。对旅游业的限制意味着更少的人来看猴子和喂它们)”可推知，新冠肺炎疫情给世界造成严重损害。故选C。
4
12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。在疫情封锁的状态下，人们可以通过eOceans平台及时收集和上传海洋信息帮助研究人员监测海洋。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Downloading the eOceans app on your smartphone and logging what you see when you are on the coast or in the ocean, including any animals, people, pollution or even an empty beach, you can help researchers monitor the world’s oceans.”（在你的智能手机上下载eOceans应用程序，记录你在海岸或海洋中看到的东西，包括任何动物、人、污染，甚至是空旷的海滩，你可以帮助研究人员监测世界海洋。）和第一段最后一句“But now, you can join the eOceans platform to help researchers gather data on oceans and ocean ecosystems in real-time.”（但现在，你可以加入eOceans平台，帮助研究人员实时收集海洋和海洋生态系统的数据。）可知，人们可以通过eOceans平台及时收集和上传海洋信息帮助研究人员监测海洋。故选C。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“And in Hawaii, data from the app suggests that clearer waters are associated with a reduction in tourists during the pandemic.”（在夏威夷，应用程序的数据显示，更清澈的水与流感期间游客的减少有关。）可知，根据eOceans的数据，研究人员得出了一个有助于夏威夷水域更清澈