Unit 4 Natural disasters Grammar课件（牛津深圳版九年级下册）

(共37张PPT)
Unit 4
Natural disasters
深圳牛津版九年级下册
---Grammar
教学目标
To learn to use it as the empty subject
Using it as the empty subject (I)
Observe these sentences and think about what it refer to.
the time
the season
the weather
the distance
the temperature
time
season
weather
代词it可用作主语，表示时间、季节、天气、温度或距离等。如：
It is half past twelve.
It is spring.
It is fine today.
It is twenty-five degrees centigrade.
It is two kilometres to the post office.
it 的用法 I
Answer the questions using it as the subject. (P 55)
A
It is sunny.
It is five o’clock.
It is 27 June.
It is summer.
It is three kilometres.
Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences. (P 56)
B
It is time for supper now.
It is autumn in Australia now.
It is about five kilometres to the park.
It was windy yesterday.
Using it as the empty subject (II)
Observe these sentences and think about what it refers to.
形式主语
真正的主语
当句子的主语是动词不定式短语时，一般用代词it 作形式主语放在句首，而将真正的主语动词不定式短语放在句末。如：
It is pleasant to sit in the Sun.
It was a pleasure to sit in the Sun.
it 的用法 II
注意：
“It + is + 形容词 + for + 宾语 + to do sth.” 句型通常与表示可能性、必要性、重要性、紧迫性、频繁程度以及价值判断等的形容词连用。如：
It is impossible for me to finish the writing in half an hour.
It is strange for her to be late for school.
Rewrite the sentences below using it as the empty subject.
Practise
1.To learn English well is not easy for him.
2.To study two languages is very hard.
3.To find out the truth is important.
It is not easy for him to learn English well.
It is very hard to study two languages.
It is important to find out the truth.
Write a sentence using it and a to-infinitive under each picture below. (P 57)
C
It is important to stay calm when there is a fire.
It is dangerous to start a fire in the forest.
It is a good idea to take an umbrella.
It is nice to have a picnic in the park.
it 作为形式主语还常见于It seems / appears that… 的句型中。如：
It seems/appears that his mother knows the truth.
具有最高“信息价值”的较长、较复杂的结构通常位于句末，因此，我们常使用带 “形式主语it”的结构，而将充当主语的从句或动词不定式移到句末。
Put the words in brackets in the correct order to complete the conversations. (P 57)
D
It seems that a typhoon is coming.
It appears that the flight has been cancelled.
It seems that something bad has happened to her.
早上九点钟。
2. 坚持做完工作很重要。
3. 他们似乎并不想离开。
1. It was nine o’clock in the morning.
2. It’s important to stick with it.
汉译英
3. It seemed that they did not want to leave.
It用法总结
it
代词
引导词
构成强调句
人称代词
非人称代词
作形式主语
作形式宾语
一、it用作代词
1．用作人称代词。代替上文中提到过的人、动物或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。 例如：
—What’s that --It’s a puppy.
－Who is the baby
－It’s my teacher’s son
－Who is that gentleman
－It’s my friend, Tom．
【典型例题】
The Parkers has bought a new house but _____ needs repairing.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
2．用作非人称代词。用于表达时间、日期、天气、温度、距离、价值、度量等。
It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school．
It’s nice and warm here．
距离
天气
it’s two o’clock now
时间
二、it用作引导词
1. it作形式主语.为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，来代替真正的主语(不定式,动名词,从句).
① It is +adj.+ ( for sb. ) to do sth. (A)
在句型A中，形容词是用来修饰事情的形容词。常见的形容词有：
important， necessary， easy ， safe ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， impossible ，等。
It is important for her to come to the party.
在句型B中，形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有：
brave ,careless, clever ,foolish ， kind, honest ， kind ， lazy ， naughty ， nice，polite， wise 等。
It is +adj. + (of sb.) to do sth. (B)
②
这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 　
It is kind of you to help me.
= You are kind to help me.
it的重要句型
①. It takes sb some time to do sth.
“做…要花某人…”
It took me one month to repair my
computer.
②It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ...
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了,真遗憾！
③ It seems/appears that...
It seems that it is going to rain.
it的重要句型
④ It is (great) fun doing sth “做…很有趣…”
It is no use doing sth. 做…是没有用的
It is no good doing sth. 做…是没有好处的
It is great fun walking and cycling in Guilin.
It is no good cheating in the exam.
It is no use crying after failure.
⑤It is said/ reported that ... 据说/据报道
It is said that he has been to America. 据说他去了美国。
2.it 作形式宾语.来代替真正的宾语（不定式，动名词或从句），以使句子保持平衡。
为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”。
6--指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel
1--指的是形式宾语it； 　
2--指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3--指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
1.We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
　
2.He felt it important learning English well.
　
3.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
区分 7.it,one,that作代词时的区别
1）it特指上下文提到的同一对象是同一事物。
The book is mine. is very interesting. 2)one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类不同物。
--Who has a pen -I have .
–Please pass me a ball.
--Which The on the right
It
one
one
one
区分 7.it,one,that作代词时的区别
3)that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。
The weather in Beijing is colder than in Guangzhou in winter.
冬天北京的天气比广州的天气冷。
those是that的复数，代替前面提到的复数名词。
The cars made in Japan are more expensive than made in China.
that
those
三、it用于强调句中。基本结构是It is … that ...
It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.
It was in the street that I met her father.
被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于 that 后．被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语．
强调的主语如果是人，that 也可以为 who．
在一些固定用法中考查it的用法：
make it 成功, 安排在或定在某时间
forget it 别提了，忘了它吧
Don’t mention it. 别提了，表示不用谢
It doesn’t matter. 没关系
It(That) depends. 视情况而定
You guessed it. 你猜着了
It’s hard to say. 很难说
It’s up to you to do sth. 由你来决定做某事
It / that / one 等
16.-----Do you have my dictionary, Mr. Yang
-----Yes , I have_____ right here.
A. one B. this C. it D. that
C
17.-----Why don’t we take a little break
-----Didn’t we just have______.
A. it B. that C. one D. this

C
18. I hope there are enough glasses for each guests to have___________.
A. it B. those C. them D. one
D
19. ______used to be thought that the was flat.
A. He B. What C. It D. That
C
20. I found_____possible for_______to work out the math problems.
A. it; he B. that; he C. that; him D. it; him
D
21.Does_____matter if he can’t finish the job on time
A. this B. that C. he D. it
D
22.----- “Who is knocking at the door ”
----- “___________.”
A. I’m Mary. B. She is me, Mary
C. He’s me D. It’s me, Mary
D
23.She thought_____a great honour to be invited to
speak to us.
A. that B. this C. it D. it is
C
24.______is a fact that English is being accepted as
an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
C
25. I hate______when people talk with their
mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
A
26. Is_______necessary to complete the design
before National Day
A. this B. that C. it D. he
C
27. It took us over an hour 　　　　along the street.
A. walk　 B. to walk　 C. walking　 D. walked
B
28.Many people now make 　　a rule to buy cards for
their friends before Christmas.
A. themselves　　　 B. it　　　C. that　　　D. this
B
29. _____is very clear to everyone that he's round and
tall like a tree.
A. This　　　 B. What　　　 C. That　　　 D. It
D
30. Someone is at the door, who is 　　　　　
A. this　　　 B. that　　　 C. it　　　 D. he
C
31. —Has the boy got his bicycle now
—Yes, the police gave 　　　.
A. him to him B. it to it C. it to him D. him to it
C
作业布置
1. Review the grammar we’ve learned.
2. Finish the exercises on Learning Sheet .
3. Preview Speaking on page 58.
Thank you