【课堂无忧】Unit 1 Past and Present Grammar课件+教案+学习任务单+课后练习

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名称 【课堂无忧】Unit 1 Past and Present Grammar课件+教案+学习任务单+课后练习
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更新时间 2024-02-27 11:34:02

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
学习任务单
课程基本信息
学科 英语 年级 八年级下册
课题 Unit 1 Past and present Grammar
使用教材 牛津译林版 出版日期 2013
学生信息
姓名 学校 班级 学号
学习目标
1.知识目标掌握词汇:yet, recently, past2.能力目标(1)掌握现在完成时的基本结构、基本用法和动词过去分词的变化规律;能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时;(2)理解并运用常和现在完成时连用的时间表达方式。3.情感目标 了解城市变迁,培养学生热爱生活、感恩社会的情感
课前学习任务
学习本课的新单词和短语复习现在完成时态基本用法
课上学习任务
(1)掌握现在完成时的基本结构、基本用法和动词过去分词的变化规律;能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时;(2)理解并运用常和现在完成时连用的时间表达方式。
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教学设计
Grammar 单元 Unit 1 Past and present 课型
使用教材 牛津译林 出版时间 2013 学科 英语 年级 八
教材分析 首先通过观看一段电影的剪辑视频,引出现在完成时,然后呈现现在完成时的三个概念以及与之连用的时间状语,并通过一些练习进行巩固。再对完成时态中just, never, already, yet, ever, since和for的用法加以讲解和区分。最后对规则动词的过去分词变化规律进行分类讲解,同时对不规则动词的变化规律也进行讲解,进而通过练习来巩固。
学习目标 1.知识目标掌握词汇:yet, recently, past2.能力目标(1)掌握现在完成时的基本结构、基本用法和动词过去分词的变化规律;能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时;(2)理解并运用常和现在完成时连用的时间表达方式。3.情感目标 了解城市变迁,培养学生热爱生活、感恩社会的情感。
重点 现在完成时的基本结构、用法和动词的过去分词变化规则。
难点 能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时。
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入(5分钟) Step 1 Lead-in Watch a video and pay attention to what they said. Then show the sentences about the present perfect tense in the video on the screen. 观察视频中的几个句子:1.You’ve done a good job!2.You have already come back.3.You haven’t complained so much before.4.Has something happend?5.What have you done lately 通过看视频,引出本课的核心,让学生在情境中感知现在完成时态,导入本课话题
课前活动(10分钟) 1.We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.表示过去开始持续到现在的动作。 2.We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present. 表示发生在过去、对现在有影响的动作。3. We use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an acton has happened till now. 表示到目前为止一个动作发生(重复)的次数。引导学生梳理现在完成时的基本用法和结构 学生理解现在完成时态的具体意义,掌握现在完成时的用法和结构 让学生直观感知现在完成时,引导学生从感知过渡到理解、归纳和运用,让他们在语境中逐步理解和掌握现在完成时的结构、功能及意义。
课中活动(15分钟) 1. Difference between the simple past tense and the present perfect tenseT: Work in pairs and discuss the difference between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.T: Let’s try to finish two short passages. Please underline the correct verbs.2. Finish Part C 3. Pair work 掌握现在完成时的用法和构成,完成相应讲练部分 通过练习巩固本课所学的语法知识,教师可根据施教学生的实际情况补充不同形式的练习。
课后活动(15分钟) 1.Practice2.Present a mind map and help students to review the present perfect tense. Review the present perfect tense. 1.及时训练,巩固提升2.通过思维导图帮助学生回顾今天所学的现在完成时的一些要点
课堂总结 Give a summary of the basic structure of the present perfect tense.肯定句:主语 +have/has+p.p.否定句:主语+ have/has + not + p.p.一般疑问句:Have/Has +主语+ p.p. (1) Nick忘了Judy的生日。(翻译句子) Nick has forgotten Judy’s birthday.(2) He has forgotten my birthday. (改为否定句)He has not forgotten my birthday.(3) Max has lived in this city all his life. (改为一般疑问句并作回答)—Has Max lived in this city all his life?—Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t.
板书 Unit 1 Past and presentGrammarNew words: yet recentlypast
作业 熟读不规则动词表、完成不规则动词表默写纸;观看Integrated skills课时的微课视频;
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牛津译林版八年级下册
Unit 1 Past and Present
Grammar
Content
Learning objectives
01
Lead-in
02
Presentation
03
Practice
04
Summary
05
Homework
06
目录
Learning objectives
After learning this lesson, you can:
1. know the meanings of the present perfect tense;
2. make positive, negative statements, ask and answer questions in the present perfect tense;
3. form the past participles of regular verbs and some irregular verbs;
4. use proper time expressions with the present perfect tense.
Lead in
Presentation
1. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
表示过去开始持续到现在的动作。
现在完成时的意义(meaning)
观察视频中的几个句子:
1.You’ve done a good job!
2.You have already come back.
3.You haven’t complained so much before.
4.Has something happend?
5.What have you done lately
我们已经学英语八年了。
We have learnt English for eight years.
他在我们学校教书已有十年了。
He has taught in our school for ten years.
自上个星期以来他一直很忙。
He has been busy since last week.
他毕业以后就一直为我们工作。
He has worked for us since he left school/ graduated.
since or for
We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time.
His father has been in the Party ______ 10 years ago.
The film has been on ______ 20 minutes.
Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China.
His grandparents have been dead ______ several years.
We have known each other _______ we met last time.
for
since
for
since
for
since
2. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present.
表示发生在过去、对现在有影响的动作。
现在完成时的意义(meaning)
他已离开这个城市。
He has already left the city. (结果:他不在这个城市了。)
我最近已经看过这部电影了。
I have seen this film recently. (结果:我不想再看了。)
他刚刚已把工作做完了。
He has just finished his work. (结果:他现在可以做其他的事了。)
他还没有把那本书还给我。
He has not returned the book to me yet. (结果:我现在没有书看。)
3. We use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an acton has happened till now.
表示到目前为止一个动作发生(重复)的次数。
现在完成时的意义(meaning)
Bill visited Australia in 2002 and 2022.
Bill has been to Australia twice.
It is the first time that I have been here.
I have already read this book many times.
She’s moved house three times.
They have worked for this company since the 1990s.
I can’t get in the house. I’ve lost my keys.
She has lived in Liverpool all her life.
How clean! Who has cleaned the room
We have seen the film twice.
started in the past and continues to the present
happened in the past and has a connection with the present.
talk about how many times an action has happened till now
Match the reasons for using the present perfect tense on the right with the sentences on the left.
现在完成时
1.
2.
3.
have/has done since did
[red]
次数
谈论一个动作从开始到现在发生的次数也用现在完成时。
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。
表示过去持续到现在的动作或状态。
现在完成时
时间标志:already, ever, just, never, recently,yet
以及since, for引导的时间状语
谓语结构:have/has + done(过去分词)
助动词
肯定句:have / has + 过去分词
否定句:have/ has + not + 过去分词 have not= haven’t has not = hasn’t
一般疑问句:Have/Has+ 主语+ 过去分词 +…
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ have/has+ 主语 + 过去分词 +…
我已经看过这部电影了。
I have seen the film already./ I have already seen the film.
我没看过这部电影。
I haven’t seen the film yet.
你看过这部电影了吗?
Have you seen the film yet
是的,看了。/ 不,没看。
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
现在完成时的结构(structure)
过去分词的构成
Read and find out how to form the past participles
of the verbs.
不规则动词:见书本P122-123
AAA型:cut – cut – cut
hit – hit – hit put – put – put cost – cost – cost hurt – hurt – hurt
ABB型:meet – met – met
buy – bought – bought catch – caught – caught have – had – had
hold – held- held hear – heard – heard keep – kept – kept
ABC型:write – wrote – written
blow – blew – blown begin – began – begun eat – ate – eaten
choose – chose – chosen fall – fell – fallen go – went – gone
do – did – done take – took – taken speak – spoke – spoken
ABA型:come – came – come
become – became – become run – ran – run
borrowed
hoped
made
got
planned
cried
sent
watched
said
grown
hit
enjoyed
have finished
has visited
has repaired
haven’t seen
haven’t come
has taught
现在完成时常用的标志词
1. already 与 yet
already
“已经”
( 用于肯定句中, 放于句中或句末)
yet
用于否定句中
“还”
用于疑问句中
“已经,还,仍然”
yet 是 already 的否定词
(放于句末)
1) I _______ already __________ some stamps. (我已经收集了一些邮票)
have
collected
否:I ________ __________ any stamps______.
haven’t
collected
yet
疑:________ you __________ any stamps______
Have
collected
yet
No , not _____ .
“还”
“已经”
yet
2) I ____________ (not have) lunch yet.
haven’t had
时间状语 (time expressions)
2. ever 与 never
ever 曾经
主要用于肯定句、疑问句
(放句中)
never 从不
主要用于否定句
(放句中)
-- _____ you ever ______ (eat) Beijing Duck --No, ______.
Have
eaten
never
2) He ______ never ______ (read) the story.
has
read
3. just 与 recently
just 刚才
用于肯定句中
(放句中)
recently
用于各种句式中
(放句末)
不久前,最近
1) I ______ just ______ (see) him.
have
seen
2) She ________ _______ (not see ) them recently.
hasn’t
seen
3) ______ you _______ (use) it recently
Have
used
4) She _______ ______ (be) busy recently.
has
been
3) She’s never seen the film, ______ ______
has she
4. since 和 for + 一段时间 常用现在完成时
since +
一段时间 + ago
=
for + 一段时间
句子
(一般过去时)
for + 一段时间
Tips:
1) 常用现在完成时
2) 动词必须可以延续
3) 用How long 提问
1) I ______ (begin) to work here in 2000.
began
= I _____________ here since 2000.
have worked
2) They ____________ (not meet ) each other for years.
haven’t met
since...和for...一段时间都用how long 提问
4) I have lived here since I was born. (划线提问)
_____ _____ _____ you ______ here
How
long
have
lived
3) She ________ (feel) lonely since she _______ (move) here.
has felt
moved
过去的时间: since 1949 / last year
* since的用法总结:
①. 现在完成时 + since + 过去时间
②. 现在完成时 + since + 一段时间 + ago
③. 现在完成时 + since + 一般过去时的从句
④. It is/ It has been + 一段时间 + since +一般过去时的句子
⑤. 一段时间 + has passed + since +一般过去时的句子
同义句转换:He got married in 2019. (It’s year 2023 now.)
= He has been married since 2019.
= He has been married for four years.
= He has been married since four years ago.
= It is/ It has been four years since he got married.
= Four years has passed since he got married.
5. 次数(once / twice / three times / ….) 和
before(以前)单独放句末常用现在完成时
1) He_________ (see) the film twice.
has seen
_____ _____ _____ ______ he seen the film
How
many
times
has
2) ______ you ______ (be) to Beijing before
Have
been
6. over / in the (past / last) years 在(过去的)这几年间
Great changes __________ (take) place over / in the past ten years.
have taken
7. so far, up to now, until / till now
到目前为止
We ____________ (learn) many English songs so far.
have learned
现在完成时的用法注意点:
现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用,如:three days ago, last year, yesterday, last Sunday, in 2008等等。
他前天读完了这本书。
He finished reading the book the day before yesterday.
自2009年起,我表哥就在南京。
My cousin has been in Nanjing since 2009.
现在完成时不与when引导的特殊疑问句连用,when后只用一般过去时表示已发生的动作。
—火车开走了。— 什么时候开走的?
— The train has left. — When did it leave
现在完成时与一段时间连用时,只能用延续性动词,不可用于短暂性动词。如:come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die,begin等。
这些动词如果要与一段时间连用必须改成相应的延续性的词或短语。
该用法的常见标志词是for,since和how long。
他的爷爷5年前去世了。
His grandfather died five years ago.
= His grandfather has been dead for five years/ since five years ago.
Have seen
saw
have learnt
have heard
practice
一、单项选择
1. Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________ what's happened to him.
A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know
2. He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he
A. already B. never C. ever D. still
3. Have you met Mr Li _________
A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago
4. The famous writer ________ one new book over the past two years.
A. is writing B. writes C. wrote D. has written
5. — Our country _________ a lot so far. — Yes. I hope it will be even _______.
A. has changed, well B. changed, good
C. has changed, better D. changed, better
6. Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years.
A. was, studying B. will, study C. has, studied D. are, studying
7. We ________ Lucy since she was a little girl.
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
8. Despicable Me is a very nice film. I _________ it twice.
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see
9. — These farmers have been to the United States.
— Really When _____ there
A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone
10. — ______ you ______ your homework yet — Yes, I ______ it just now.
A. Did, do; finished B. Have, done; finished
C. Have, done; have finished D. will, do; finish
1. They _____________ (finish) their homework already.
2. John ____ never ______ (visit) China.
3. Mr. Li ____________ (repair) over ten bicycles since Monday.
4. We ____________ (not see) each other for years.
have finished
has visited
has repaired
haven’t seen
5. My parents _____________ (not come) back yet.
6. Our teacher __________ (teach) us a lot about the history of China.
haven’t come
has taught
二. Complete the sentences below using the present perfect tense.
Summary
the present perfect tense
Meanings
An action that started in the past
and continues to the present
An action happened in the past and has a connection with the present
How many times an action has happened till now
Structure
Positive sentence
Negative sentence
Past participles
Regular verbs
Irregular verbs
Time expressions
S + have / has done
S + haven’t / hasn’t done
Questions
Have/ Has +S+ done…
Wh-word + have / has +S +done …
already, just, ever 肯定句
ever, yet 疑问句
yet, never 否定句
recently,before,
since / for...
so far / till(until) now
in / over the past (last) ten years
once / twice / three times
任何句型
总结:现在完成时的常用标志词
already 已经 肯定句, 句中、句末 I have already done my homework.
I have done my homework already.
yet 还,仍 否定句/疑问句,句末 We haven’t seen that film yet.
Has Millie called yet
just 刚刚 肯定句,句中 I have just eaten it.
ever 曾经 疑问句,句中 Have you ever moved house
never 从未 否定句,句中 I have never read this book.
for 达… 肯/否/疑, 后接一段时间 I have lived here for four years.
since 自…以来 肯/否/疑, 后接过去时间或一般过去时的句子 Eddie has lived with Millie since three years ago/ since he was born.
“句中”指位于助动词have/has与动词的过去分词之间
三、现在完成时的常用标志词
recently, lately 最近,近来 肯/否/疑,句末 Have you seen him recently
before 以前 肯/否/疑,句末 I have heard about it before.
once, twice, three times, how many times 一/两/三次、几次 肯/否/疑,句末(how many times疑问句句首) Daniel has been abroad twice.
How many times has he been abroad
over the years, in/over the past/last few years 在过去几年间 肯/否/疑,句末 Sunshine Town has changed a lot over the years.
so far, up to/till now 迄今为止 肯/否/疑,句末 It hasn’t happened so far.
Homework
熟读不规则动词表、完成不规则动词表默写纸;
观看Integrated skills课时的微课视频;
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课后练习课程基本信息
学科 英语 年级 八年级下册
课题 Unit 1 Past and PresentGrammar
使用教材 牛津译林版 出版日期 2013
学生信息
姓名 学校 班级 学号
学习目标
1.知识目标掌握词汇:yet, recently, past2.能力目标(1)掌握现在完成时的基本结构、基本用法和动词过去分词的变化规律;能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时;(2)理解并运用常和现在完成时连用的时间表达方式。3.情感目标 了解城市变迁,培养学生热爱生活、感恩社会的情感。
课后练习
一、单项选择1.—When shall we have lunch, Mom I’m ________ hungry.—Oh, we’ll have it in a moment.A.already B.yet C.still2.—I haven’t finished my homework ________. What about you —I have ________ done mine. Let me help you.A.yet; already B.already; yet C.yet; yet D.already; already3.—I’m sorry. We lost the match.—It’s a pity. ________, each of you have tried your best and you are still our heroes.A.Moreover B.Anyway C.So D.Otherwise4.Nothing is ________ if you put your heart into it.A.perfect B.impossible C.real D.deep5.My father has taught in this school _________ he was twenty years old.A.because B.since C.when D.after6.I __________ of this story before. So please tell it to me, OK A.will not hear B.have never heard C.don’t hear D.am not hearing7.The story must be perfect. My sister ________ it four times.A.reads B.is reading C.has read D.was reading8.This book must be great. My sister ________ it three times.A.has read B.reads C.is reading D.will read9.My mother ________ the meal for us. We can have dinner at any time.A.is cooking B.will cook C.cooked D.has cooked10.—How long have you stayed in this city —I’ve lived here ________ eight years ago.A.for B.as C.since三、用所给单词适当形式填空11.It has been five years since he (teach) at primary school.12.We (know) each other since we were five years old.13.Meimei (study) 300 English words since she started to learn English.14.The students (finish) all their homework already.15.They already to many songs by the Beatles, but they cannot sing any of them. (listen)16.I’ve my maths book. I can’t find it anywhere. (lose)17.Ms. Hu (teach) us English for two years.18.Jimmy (not write) a letter to his friend because he has been busy lately.19.Have you ever (buy) a present for a friend before 20.He (study) Chinese for two months.三、完成句子21.他已经录制了许多著名的歌曲。He many famous songs.22.他在国外工作一年了。He has for a year.23.但是她从未参加过任何一次征文比赛。But she never any essay competition yet.24.到目前为止,有数以百万的人已经参观过广东省博物馆。 , millions of people it.25.现在李华已经学会好几种菜的做法。Now Li Hua quite a few ways to cook already.四、完型填空Since her husband died, Mrs Jackson has lived alone in their big old house. Her son has tried hard to ask her to sell the house and buy a small, new one in the town. But she doesn’t like the idea. She says she has to 26 her husband. These days, she often 27 books about ghosts.It was a cold day. At around four o’clock in the afternoon, Mrs Jackson was enjoying music 28 someone knocked at the door . She heard the sound but didn’t move. Another knock. Who could 29 be She was a little 30 . She decided not to answer the door but to keep 31 .Three minutes later, 32 happened and no more knocks. She walked 33 to the door and listened. She head nothing but the strong wind outside. She slowly opened the door and watched 34 the crack(缝隙). She then suddenly pushed the door wide open and found a big box at the door. On it, there was a 35 card with these words: Nice to meet you ! Your new neighbour, Josh.26.A.look at B.look after C.look around D.look for27.A.writes B.buys C.reads D.sells28.A.if B.after C.when D.during29.A.it B.he C.she D.they30.A.sad B.excited C.angry D.afraid31.A.trying B.sleeping C.moving D.waiting32.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything33.A.gladly B.quickly C.angrily D.quietly34.A.through B.on C.over D.with35.A.ghost B.greeting C.birthday D.thanks五、阅读理解ASelf-driving cars are believed to be the future of panies including Toyota, Uber and Google are all competing to be the first to bring them to market. However, car makers need to solve one problem first: How driverless cars communicate with passers-by, bikers and other drivers. Most drivers today use gestures to show their purposes. They wave a car into a lane(车道), or nod at passers-by and cyclists, to let them cross the street. But self-driving cars don’t have this ability. What can they do US carmaker Ford and its partner Virginia Tech think they have the answer, reported Business Insider. The team is testing a method that uses light signals to show what self-driving cars are doing. For example, if a driverless car is yielding, it could flash two white lights side to side. A solid white light tells there are no humans in the car. A slow blinking light shows the car is coming to a stop. A rapidly flashing light tells passers-by that the car is about to speed up. To test the method on real roads, the team designed a special suit that looks exactly like a car seat. When a driver wears it, it appears to people that the car is really driverless. The team then successfully got more than 1,500 hours of data after about 2,900 kilometres of “self-driving” through busy cities. The data recorded how people interacted with a driverless vehicle. Ford says they plan to share the data with 11 other companies, reported . The company wants to work with other carmakers to design a signaling system that would be understood by all.36.What are considered to be the future of driving A.Flying cars. B.Driverless cars. C.Energy-saving cars. D.Electric cars.37.What’s the problem of driverless cars A.Communicating with people. B.Not having enough seatbelts.C.Driving into a lane. D.Crossing a street.38.What does the underlined word “yielding” refer to A.加速 B.减速 C.让路 D.超车39.According to Ford and Virginia Tech, how might the problem be solved A.Flashing light signals. B.Sending information to smartphones.C.Designing special suits for drivers. D.Only driving in small cities.40.Which of the following shows the car will speed up A.A solid white light. B.A slow blinking light.C.A fast flashing light. D.No lights.BThe world’s largest electric cruise ship (游轮), the Yangtze River Three Gorges 1 (“长江三峡1”号), made its first journey on March 29, 2022, in Yichang, Hubei Province. The ship is 100 metres long and 16.3 metres wide. It can carry 1,300 passengers. It can travel 100 kilometres on a single charge of its battery. That’s the same as 530 tons of diesel fuel (柴油). This can reduce carbon emissions (碳排放物) by 1,660 tons each year, according to China Daily.Zhang Xingliao, general manager of China Yangtze Power, said the ship makes zero pollution and zero emission, as it is powered by clean electricity from the Three Gorges Dam.The ship also makes low noise and low shaking, compared with the high noise and strong shaking common in ships powered by diesel engines. The Yangtze River Three Gorges 1 can sail more smoothly and passengers will feel more comfortable. Cheng Lu, a passenger from Wuhan, said the ship sailed very smoothly and she couldn’t feel it moving. “ ▲ , but it was my first time to ride on such a big electric ship. It felt almost like moving on smooth ground,” she said. Chen Guohai, 46, captain of the ship, said that controlling the electric ship felt different, as its operation is much easier and all systems are controlled by computers. “Before, I used my own experience to check if any equipment went wrong. Now it is all controlled by computers,” he said.41.How long is the Yangtze River Three Gorges 1 A.16.3 metres. B.100 metres.C.530 metres. D.1,300 metres.42.We can infer that ________ according to Zhang Xingliao.A.the Yangtze River Three Gorges 1 is the largestB.the Yangtze River Three Gorges 1 costs mostC.the Three Gorges Dam is the largest dam in ChinaD.the Three Gorges Dam can provide enough electricity43.Which sentence can we put into “ ▲ ” A.It was reported that the ship is the fastestB.It was the most wonderful trip in my lifeC.It was not my first time to take an electric boatD.It took me the longest time to have a journey44.What are the advantages of this ship ①It makes no pollution. ②It uses much diesel fuel.③It moves very smoothly. ④It can be operated easily.A.①③④ B.②③④ C.①②③ D.①②④45.What’s the best title for the passage A.The world’s largest electric cruise shipB.The Three Gorges Dam of ChinaC.The most unforgettable trip by shipD.Computers and the electric ship参考答案:1.A【详解】句意:——妈妈,我们什么时候吃午饭?我已经饿了。——噢,我们一会儿就吃午饭了。考查副词词义辨析。already已经;yet还,仍;still仍然,依旧。结合选项和“When shall we have lunch, Mom I’m...hungry.”可知,此处表示我已经饿了,故选A。2.A【详解】句意:——我还没有完成作业。你呢?——我已经做了我的。让我来帮你。考查副词辨析。yet表示“还”, 常用于否定句和疑问句,在否定句中,表示说话人期望发生的事情尚未发生;already表示“已经”,常用于肯定句中。根据“I haven’t…”,可知第一句是否定句,表示“还没有完成”;根据“Let me help you.”,可知回话人“已经完成了”。故选A。3.B【详解】句意:——对不起,我们输了比赛。——真遗憾。无论如何,你们每个人都尽了最大的努力,你们仍然是我们的英雄。考查副词辨析。Moreover而且,另外;Anyway无论如何,无论怎样;So如此;Otherwise否则。根据“It’s a pity.”和“each of you have tried your best and you are still our heroes.”可知,前后文是转折关系,所以此处填入Anyway符合语境。故选B。4.B【详解】句意:如果你用心去做,没有什么是不可能的。考查形容词辨析。perfect完美的;impossible不可能的;real真实的;deep深的。根据“Nothing is... if you put your heart into it.”可知,用心去做事情的话,没有什么是不可能的,故选B。5.B【详解】句意:我父亲从二十岁起就在这所学校教书。考查连词。because因为;since自从;when当……时候;after在……之后。根据“My father has taught in this school”可知,主句是现在完成时,从句是一般过去时,应用since引导的时间状语从句。故选B。6.B【详解】句意:我以前从未听说过这个故事。所以请告诉我,好吗?考查时态。根据“of the story before”和“So please tell it to me”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时have/has done。故选B。7.C【详解】句意:故事一定很美好。我妹妹读了四遍。考查动词时态。根据“it four times”可知,此处指“读过了四遍”,应用现在完成时。故选C。8.A【详解】句意:这本书一定很棒。我妹妹已经读了三遍。考查时态。has read已经读了,是现在完成时;reads是三单形式;is reading是现在进行时;will read是一般将来时。根据“My sister…it three times.”可知,强调动作已经完成的次数,用现在完成时,故选A。9.D【详解】句意:我妈妈已经为我们做了饭。我们可以在任何时间吃晚饭。考查时态。根据“We can have dinner at any time.”可知,可以在任何时候吃饭,说明饭已经做好了,“My mother...the meal for us.”应用现在完成时,谓语结构是have/has done。故选D。10.C【详解】句意:——你在这座城市待了多久?——我八年前就住在这儿了。考查介词辨析。for后面加时间段,表示有多长时间;as当作;since自从,后面加的是时间点,用于现在完成时。eight years ago是时间点,故选C。11.taught【详解】句意:自从他在小学教书已经有五年了。teach“教,教授”,动词;根据“It has been five years since he”可知,since引导时间状语从句时,表示“自从……以来”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时,所以动词使用过去式。故填taught。12.have known【详解】句意:我们从五岁起就认识彼此了。由“since we were five years old”可知,since接从句,从句中用一般过去时,主句中用现在完成时,其结构为have/has done,we是主语,助动词用have。故填have known。13.has studied【详解】句意:自从美美开始学英语以来,她已经学习了300个英语单词。study“学习”,动词。由“since”可知,since引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,即have/has+过去分词,Meimei是主语,助动词用has。故填has studied。14.have finished【详解】句意:学生们已经完成了所有的家庭作业。根据“already”可知句子用现在完成时,结构为have done;主语是名词复数,助动词用have。故填have finished。15. have listened【详解】句意:他们已经听了许多披头士乐队的歌曲,但他们一首也唱不出来。根据“already”可知,此处用现在完成时have/has done;主语是“They”,助动词用have,实义动词listen“听”的过去分词是listened。故填have;listened。16.lost【详解】句意:我的数学书丢了。我到处都找不到。根据语境和“I’ve…”可知,此处是现在完成时,主语是I,所以结构为“have+动词的过去分词”,lose的过去分词是lost。故填lost。17.has taught【详解】句意:胡老师教我们英语已经两年了。“for two years”提示句子用现在完成时,表示某事持续到现在已有一段时间,谓语结构是have/has done,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用has,且teach的过去分词是taught。故填has taught。18.hasn’t written【详解】句意:吉米还没有给他的朋友写信,因为他最近很忙。根据“he has been busy lately”可知,原因状语从句是现在完成时。主句需用现在完成时,结构是have/has done;否定结构是haven’t/hasn’t done。主语是Jimmy,是第三人称单数,故否定助动词用hasn’t;write的过去分词是written;故填hasn’t written。19.bought【详解】句意:你之前给朋友买过礼物吗?根据“Have you ever...before ”可知此处动词是现在完成时,其结构为have/has done,buy的过去分词形式为bought。故填bought。20.has studied【详解】句意:他学习中文已经两个月了。根据“for two months”可知,此处应使用现在完成时,主语是he,助动词用has。故填has studied。21.has already recorded【详解】分析句子可知,此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时have/has done,主语是He,助动词用has;录制:record;已经:already,放助动词之后。故填has already recorded。22.worked abroad【详解】work表示“工作”,abroad表示“在国外”,副词修饰动词,根据空前has可知,此空是过去分词,与has构成现在完成时。故填worked abroad。23. has taken part in【详解】根据中英文对照可知,句子是现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用has;take part in“参加”。故填has;taken;part;in。24. So far have visited【详解】根据中英文对照可知,so far“到目前为止”,是现在完成时的标志;visit“参观”,主语是复数,接have+过去分词。故填So;far;have;visited。25.has learned【详解】分析题意可知,空格处是句子谓语部分,表示 “学会”,用动词learn。本句表述过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,故用现在完成时,其构成为have/ has done。主语Li Hua是第三人称单数,因此助动词用has。故填has learned。26.B 27.C 28.C 29.A 30.D 31.D 32.C 33.D 34.A 35.B【导语】本文讲述了杰克逊夫人自丈夫去世后就独自居住在老房子里,一天下午四点她正在欣赏音乐时有人敲门,她没有开门,等了几分钟后,她打开了门,原来是邻居送来的一个大盒子。26.句意:她说她得照顾她丈夫。look at看;look after照顾;look around四周看;look for寻找。根据“But she doesn’t like the idea. She says she has to...her husband. ”可知杰克逊夫人不想离开,想要照顾丈夫,所以看一些鬼魂的书。故选B。27.句意:这些天,她经常读关于鬼魂的书。writes写;buys买;reads阅读;sells卖。根据“she often...books about ghosts.”可知杰克逊夫人看一些鬼魂的书。故选C。28.句意:下午四点左右,杰克逊夫人正在欣赏音乐,这时有人敲门。if如果;after在……之后;when当……时候;during在……期间。根据“Mrs Jackson was enjoying music...someone knocked at the door”可知当杰克逊夫人正在欣赏音乐时,这时有人敲门,应用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。29.句意:会是谁呢?it它;he他;she她;they他们。根据“She heard the sound but didn’t move. Another knock”可知杰克逊夫人在想外面是什么在敲门,对于不确定的单数事物,应用it指代。故选A。30.句意:她有点害怕。sad伤心的;excited激动的;angry愤怒的;afraid害怕的。结合上下文可知,杰克逊夫人丈夫去世了,只有她一个人住在这个房子里,有人敲门,所以她应该有点害怕。故选D。31.句意:她决定不去开门,继续等着。trying尝试;sleeping睡觉;moving移动;waiting等待。根据“She decided not to answer the door but to keep”可知杰克逊夫人没有去开门,只是静静等着,故选D。32.句意:三分钟后,什么也没有发生,也没有敲门声。something某事;anything任何事;nothing没有什么;everything一切。根据“no more knocks”可知没有什么事发生。故选C。33.句意:她悄悄地走到门口,听着。gladly开心地;quickly快速地;angrily愤怒地;quietly安静地。根据“She walked...to the door and listened”结合语境可知,她应该是静悄悄地走向门口。故选D。34.句意:她慢慢地打开门,透过缝隙往里看。through通过;on在……上面;over超过;with和。根据“watched...the crack(缝隙)”可知是透过门缝看。故选A。35.句意:上面有一张贺卡,上面写着:很高兴认识你!你的新邻居,乔什。ghost鬼魂;greeting问候;birthday生日;thanks感谢。根据“Nice to meet you ! Your new neighbour, Josh.”可知这是一个问候杰克逊夫人的卡片,故选B。36.B 37.A 38.C 39.A 40.C【导语】本文介绍了无人驾驶汽车面临的一个问题,即怎样与行人沟通,并介绍了制造商是如何解决这个问题的。36.细节理解题。根据“Self-driving cars are believed to be the future of driving.”可知,无人驾驶汽车被认为是驾驶的未来。故选B。37.细节理解题。根据“How driverless cars communicate with passers-by, bikers and other drivers.”可知,无人驾驶汽车的问题是与人沟通,故选A。38.词义猜测题。根据“if a driverless car is yielding, it could flash two white lights side to side.”可知,如果一辆无人驾驶汽车正在让路,它可以左右闪烁两个白色灯,单词“yielding”指的是“让路”,故选C。39.细节理解题。根据“The team is testing a method that uses light signals to show what self-driving cars are doing.”可知,根据福特和弗吉尼亚理工大学的说法,可以通过闪光信号解决这个问题,故选A。40.细节理解题。根据“A rapidly flashing light tells passers-by that the car is about to speed up.”可知,一个快速闪烁的灯告诉路人汽车即将加速,故选C。41.B 42.D 43.C 44.A 45.A【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上最大的电动游轮“长江三峡1”号于2022年3月29号在湖北省宜昌市首次启航,游轮全场100米,宽16.3米,可以搭载1300名乘客。41.细节理解题。根据“The ship is 100 metres long”可知游轮长100米。故选B。42.细节理解题。根据“as it is powered by clean electricity from the Three Gorges Dam.”可知三峡大坝提供足够的电力。故选D。43.推理判断题。根据“but it was my first time to ride on such a big electric ship”可知此处和后句是转折关系,表示不是第一次做某事,选项C“这不是我第一次乘坐电动船”符合语境。故选C。44.细节理解题。根据“makes zero pollution and zero emission”可知它是零污染,即①;根据“the ship sailed very smoothly”可知船行驶得很平稳,即③;根据“its operation is much easier”可知操作很简单,即④。故选A。45.最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了世界上最大的电动游轮“长江三峡1”号,所以选项A“世界上最大的电动游轮”为标题最合适。故选A。
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