2024届高考英语二轮复习2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(515-521)讲义
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮复习2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(515-521)讲义 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-02-27 12:44:06 | ||
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515.Little wonder(that) the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.【2021年新高考Ⅰ卷】
【语法详析】
Little wonder 是表示难怪，怪不得；wonder后接that引导宾语从句；ever initiated是非谓语动词做定语修饰conservation program.
【词汇精讲】
little wonder 难怪；怪不得
Little wonder that people recline their seats without a friendly warning.
难怪人们调节座椅时不会友好地提醒后座的人。
2.call v.给…命名；称呼；把…叫做
They decided to call the baby Mark.
他们决定给婴儿取名马克。
3.successful adj.成功的
【记忆】suc-下（如succeed继承，往下面传承），+-cess-行走（process进程，行程）→走到底一直走到最后=成功
They were successful in winning the contract.
他们终于争取到了那份合同。
program n.程序; 节目，节目单; 计划，安排
In this class, students will learn how to program.
这节课学生将学习编程。
initiate vt.开始，发起; 传授; 创始，开辟; 接纳新成员
The government has initiated a programme of economic reform.
政府已开始实施经济改革方案。
conservation noun.保护；节约
【记忆】con-，强调。-serve，照看，保护，词源同observe，观察。con-加强意义+-serv-保持+-e动词词尾
The paper puts forward corresponding measures for soil and water conservation.
对此提出了相应的水土保持措施.
7.the Federal Duck Stamp Program 美国鸭票计划
【参考译文】
怪不得美国政府所提出的鸭票计划从一开始就成为了最成功的保护计划。
516.Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.【2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷】
【语法详析】
if引导条件状语从句
【词汇精讲】
essay n.短文; 论说文; 论文; 企图
【记忆】谐音：爱谁
联想：写篇《爱谁》的文章很容易
His first essay in politics was a complete disaster.
他初次涉足政坛便碰得头破血流。
difficult adj.困难的; 问题多的，麻烦的; 不随和的
My boss is making life very difficult for me.
我的老板总是给我找麻烦。
process n.（为达到某一目标的）过程；进程
【记忆】pro向前，cess行走。向前行走就是去处理一件事，这也是一个过程。
I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process.
做任何改革恐怕都会是个缓慢的过程。
simple adj.简单的; 单纯的; 朴素的
【记忆】词根：sim=一次+ple=pli重叠，重复→就只折一次→很简单，不复杂，不乱七八糟
This machine is very simple to use.
这台机器操作非常简单。
practice v.练习
It is his practice to read several books a week.
他习惯于每周读几本书。
technique n.技术; 技能
The artist combines different techniques in the same painting.
这位艺术家在同一幅画中把不同的画法结合在一起。
【参考译文】
对于大部分人，要求他写一篇论文是一个困难的过程。然而，如果你学会用三个简单的写作技巧来练习，那么这个过程就会变得简单。
517.Take a view, the Landscape Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.【2021年全国高考甲卷】
【语法详析】
这里有两个同位语：the Landscape...做take a view 的同位语；one of today’s most respected...做Charlie Waite的同位语；句子的主干是take a view was the idea of Charlie Waite
【词汇精讲】
take a view 取景
It is necessary for the photographer to take a view.
对于摄影师取景是必要的
the Landscape Photographer of the Year Award年度陆地摄影大奖
idea n.想法;主意;概念;意见;目标;看法;构思;感觉;信念;印象;
By that time I had lost interest in the idea.
那时我已经对此想法失去兴趣了。
respected adj.受尊敬的; 受敬重的; 受重视的
She is a well respected member of the international community.
她在国际社会中非常受人敬重。
landscape photographer 陆地摄影师
【参考译文】
一个备受尊崇的陆地摄影师叫查理怀特提出通过取景的考核方式评定年度陆地摄影师大奖。
518.This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) to do creative things.【2022年全国甲卷】
【语法详析】
In which 引导定语从句修饰a place ;同样地，where引导定语从句修饰a place
【词汇精讲】
1.special adj.特殊的; 重要的
The school will only allow this in special circumstances.
学校只有在特殊情况下才会同意这种事。
building n.建筑（物）; 楼房
There's building work going on next door.
邻居正大兴土木。
theatre n.戏院，剧场; 戏剧，演出; 战场; 手术室
I want to work in theatre.
我想从事戏剧工作。
opportunity n.机会; 时机
You'll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.
你们最后将有机会提问任何问题。
creative adj.有创造力的; 创作的，创新的
We need to produce better creative if we want to attract big clients.
要吸引大客户，我们就得拿出更好的创意。
【参考译文】
这座特别的建筑物有个已经建好的剧院，那么孩子们、艺术家们、作家们还有别的人就可以得到一个创作的机会。
519.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.【2021年全国高考甲卷】
【语法详析】
To后接目的状语修饰整个句子； that引导宾语从句
【词汇精讲】
entry n.进入（许可）; 入口; 参加; 条目，事项; 参赛作品; 输入
countries seeking entry into the European Union
争取加入欧盟的国家
2.perfect adj.完美的; 十分适合的; 完美无缺的; 十足的; （动词）完成时的
As a musician, she has spent years perfecting her technique.
身为音乐家，她多年来不断在技艺上精益求精。
3.showcase v.展示（优点）
Restored films are being showcased this month at a festival in Paris.
本月的巴黎电影节将展映一些修复版的电影。
photography noun.摄影
Her hobbies include hiking and photography.
她的业余爱好包括徒步旅行和摄影。
【参考译文】
每年，高标准参赛入口显现出这个奖项是一个展示英国本土摄影的最完美平台。
520.This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference".【2022年全国甲卷】
【语法详析】
To recognize...做定语修饰the ability;that引导宾语从句；句子的主干是the ability is called an allocentric....
【词汇精讲】
ability 能力
He was a man of extraordinary abilities.
他才干卓著。
shape 形状
Squares, circles and triangles are types of shape.
正方形、圆形和三角形是三种形状。
direction n.方向，趋势; 动向; 方面; 目标; 管理，指示; 用法说明; 导演指导
It's only a small improvement, but at least it's a step in the right direction .
虽然这只是小小的改进，但至少是朝正确方向迈出的一步。
Fit v.适合; 合身; 试穿; 放置于; 可容纳; 安装; 与…相配; 胜任; 发作
She was great with the children and fitted in beautifully.
她和孩子们打交道很有一手,相处得十分融洽。
allocentric 向心式的
The result indicated that the size of the spatial reference did not change the relationship between ego - and allocentric representations.
研究结果表明客体参照物的大小不能调节自我参照和客体参照的关系。
【参考译文】
有一种能力叫做自我参考能力模型，一个形状在它适合之前请把这个形状往一个特别的方向进行改变。
521.I climbed to the top of a small rise and realized that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west.【2021年全国高考甲卷】
【语法详析】
though引导让步状语从句，通过and连接两个简单句；另外that引导宾语从句
【词汇精讲】
climb v.攀登; 爬; 攀岩; 攀缘生长; 上升; 增长; 晋升
In a few years he had climbed to the top of his profession.
他在几年内攀上了职业的巅峰。
realize vt.实现; 了解，意识到; （所担心的事）发生; 以…价格卖出
The moment I saw her, I realized something was wrong.
我一看到她，就觉得不太对劲。
mist n.薄雾; 视线模糊不清; 液体喷雾
The hills were shrouded in mist .
这些小山被笼罩在薄雾之中
rise n.上升
Rising job losses appear likely to cut into future sales.
失业率的上升可能导致未来的零售额进一步下降.
feet noun.英尺
The water is 20 feet deep.
水深二十英尺.
completely adv.彻底地; 完整地
The explosion completely destroyed the building.
爆炸完全毁掉了那栋大楼。
sunset n.日落（时），薄暮; 晚霞; 黄昏
Every evening at sunset the flag was lowered.
每天傍晚日落时都要降旗。
Skiddaw [地名] [英国] 斯基多山
【参考译文】
当我爬到距离山的顶峰还只是一小段上升，而且我意识到山的薄雾已经浓了不少，虽然只是一小段距离的攀爬，但是我已经发现我自己爬的高度已经完全高过这座山，而且可以清晰地看到斯基多山位于西边的日落。
【语法详析】
Little wonder 是表示难怪，怪不得；wonder后接that引导宾语从句；ever initiated是非谓语动词做定语修饰conservation program.
【词汇精讲】
little wonder 难怪；怪不得
Little wonder that people recline their seats without a friendly warning.
难怪人们调节座椅时不会友好地提醒后座的人。
2.call v.给…命名；称呼；把…叫做
They decided to call the baby Mark.
他们决定给婴儿取名马克。
3.successful adj.成功的
【记忆】suc-下（如succeed继承，往下面传承），+-cess-行走（process进程，行程）→走到底一直走到最后=成功
They were successful in winning the contract.
他们终于争取到了那份合同。
program n.程序; 节目，节目单; 计划，安排
In this class, students will learn how to program.
这节课学生将学习编程。
initiate vt.开始，发起; 传授; 创始，开辟; 接纳新成员
The government has initiated a programme of economic reform.
政府已开始实施经济改革方案。
conservation noun.保护；节约
【记忆】con-，强调。-serve，照看，保护，词源同observe，观察。con-加强意义+-serv-保持+-e动词词尾
The paper puts forward corresponding measures for soil and water conservation.
对此提出了相应的水土保持措施.
7.the Federal Duck Stamp Program 美国鸭票计划
【参考译文】
怪不得美国政府所提出的鸭票计划从一开始就成为了最成功的保护计划。
516.Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.【2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷】
【语法详析】
if引导条件状语从句
【词汇精讲】
essay n.短文; 论说文; 论文; 企图
【记忆】谐音：爱谁
联想：写篇《爱谁》的文章很容易
His first essay in politics was a complete disaster.
他初次涉足政坛便碰得头破血流。
difficult adj.困难的; 问题多的，麻烦的; 不随和的
My boss is making life very difficult for me.
我的老板总是给我找麻烦。
process n.（为达到某一目标的）过程；进程
【记忆】pro向前，cess行走。向前行走就是去处理一件事，这也是一个过程。
I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process.
做任何改革恐怕都会是个缓慢的过程。
simple adj.简单的; 单纯的; 朴素的
【记忆】词根：sim=一次+ple=pli重叠，重复→就只折一次→很简单，不复杂，不乱七八糟
This machine is very simple to use.
这台机器操作非常简单。
practice v.练习
It is his practice to read several books a week.
他习惯于每周读几本书。
technique n.技术; 技能
The artist combines different techniques in the same painting.
这位艺术家在同一幅画中把不同的画法结合在一起。
【参考译文】
对于大部分人，要求他写一篇论文是一个困难的过程。然而，如果你学会用三个简单的写作技巧来练习，那么这个过程就会变得简单。
517.Take a view, the Landscape Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.【2021年全国高考甲卷】
【语法详析】
这里有两个同位语：the Landscape...做take a view 的同位语；one of today’s most respected...做Charlie Waite的同位语；句子的主干是take a view was the idea of Charlie Waite
【词汇精讲】
take a view 取景
It is necessary for the photographer to take a view.
对于摄影师取景是必要的
the Landscape Photographer of the Year Award年度陆地摄影大奖
idea n.想法;主意;概念;意见;目标;看法;构思;感觉;信念;印象;
By that time I had lost interest in the idea.
那时我已经对此想法失去兴趣了。
respected adj.受尊敬的; 受敬重的; 受重视的
She is a well respected member of the international community.
她在国际社会中非常受人敬重。
landscape photographer 陆地摄影师
【参考译文】
一个备受尊崇的陆地摄影师叫查理怀特提出通过取景的考核方式评定年度陆地摄影师大奖。
518.This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) to do creative things.【2022年全国甲卷】
【语法详析】
In which 引导定语从句修饰a place ;同样地，where引导定语从句修饰a place
【词汇精讲】
1.special adj.特殊的; 重要的
The school will only allow this in special circumstances.
学校只有在特殊情况下才会同意这种事。
building n.建筑（物）; 楼房
There's building work going on next door.
邻居正大兴土木。
theatre n.戏院，剧场; 戏剧，演出; 战场; 手术室
I want to work in theatre.
我想从事戏剧工作。
opportunity n.机会; 时机
You'll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.
你们最后将有机会提问任何问题。
creative adj.有创造力的; 创作的，创新的
We need to produce better creative if we want to attract big clients.
要吸引大客户，我们就得拿出更好的创意。
【参考译文】
这座特别的建筑物有个已经建好的剧院，那么孩子们、艺术家们、作家们还有别的人就可以得到一个创作的机会。
519.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.【2021年全国高考甲卷】
【语法详析】
To后接目的状语修饰整个句子； that引导宾语从句
【词汇精讲】
entry n.进入（许可）; 入口; 参加; 条目，事项; 参赛作品; 输入
countries seeking entry into the European Union
争取加入欧盟的国家
2.perfect adj.完美的; 十分适合的; 完美无缺的; 十足的; （动词）完成时的
As a musician, she has spent years perfecting her technique.
身为音乐家，她多年来不断在技艺上精益求精。
3.showcase v.展示（优点）
Restored films are being showcased this month at a festival in Paris.
本月的巴黎电影节将展映一些修复版的电影。
photography noun.摄影
Her hobbies include hiking and photography.
她的业余爱好包括徒步旅行和摄影。
【参考译文】
每年，高标准参赛入口显现出这个奖项是一个展示英国本土摄影的最完美平台。
520.This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference".【2022年全国甲卷】
【语法详析】
To recognize...做定语修饰the ability;that引导宾语从句；句子的主干是the ability is called an allocentric....
【词汇精讲】
ability 能力
He was a man of extraordinary abilities.
他才干卓著。
shape 形状
Squares, circles and triangles are types of shape.
正方形、圆形和三角形是三种形状。
direction n.方向，趋势; 动向; 方面; 目标; 管理，指示; 用法说明; 导演指导
It's only a small improvement, but at least it's a step in the right direction .
虽然这只是小小的改进，但至少是朝正确方向迈出的一步。
Fit v.适合; 合身; 试穿; 放置于; 可容纳; 安装; 与…相配; 胜任; 发作
She was great with the children and fitted in beautifully.
她和孩子们打交道很有一手,相处得十分融洽。
allocentric 向心式的
The result indicated that the size of the spatial reference did not change the relationship between ego - and allocentric representations.
研究结果表明客体参照物的大小不能调节自我参照和客体参照的关系。
【参考译文】
有一种能力叫做自我参考能力模型，一个形状在它适合之前请把这个形状往一个特别的方向进行改变。
521.I climbed to the top of a small rise and realized that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west.【2021年全国高考甲卷】
【语法详析】
though引导让步状语从句，通过and连接两个简单句；另外that引导宾语从句
【词汇精讲】
climb v.攀登; 爬; 攀岩; 攀缘生长; 上升; 增长; 晋升
In a few years he had climbed to the top of his profession.
他在几年内攀上了职业的巅峰。
realize vt.实现; 了解，意识到; （所担心的事）发生; 以…价格卖出
The moment I saw her, I realized something was wrong.
我一看到她，就觉得不太对劲。
mist n.薄雾; 视线模糊不清; 液体喷雾
The hills were shrouded in mist .
这些小山被笼罩在薄雾之中
rise n.上升
Rising job losses appear likely to cut into future sales.
失业率的上升可能导致未来的零售额进一步下降.
feet noun.英尺
The water is 20 feet deep.
水深二十英尺.
completely adv.彻底地; 完整地
The explosion completely destroyed the building.
爆炸完全毁掉了那栋大楼。
sunset n.日落（时），薄暮; 晚霞; 黄昏
Every evening at sunset the flag was lowered.
每天傍晚日落时都要降旗。
Skiddaw [地名] [英国] 斯基多山
【参考译文】
当我爬到距离山的顶峰还只是一小段上升，而且我意识到山的薄雾已经浓了不少，虽然只是一小段距离的攀爬，但是我已经发现我自己爬的高度已经完全高过这座山，而且可以清晰地看到斯基多山位于西边的日落。