高中英语 高考冲刺专题 句子成分+语法填空之词性转换
【问题查找】
一、指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：
1.They are working on the farm now.
2.Seeing is believing
3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much
4.She became a doctor in 1998
5.The book lying on the floor are mine
6.Suddenly it begins to rain
7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday
8.I always find her happy
9.He said he didn't come.
10.We students should study hard.
11. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .
12.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .
13.We can send a car over to fetch you .
14.Tom，my best friend，comes from America.
二、单句语法填空
The youngster immediately fell ________ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.
In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to…
Always read the ______________ (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
On the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular _________ (choose) for a wedding in some countries.
Volunteering is becoming _________ (increase) popular in China.
I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ______ (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.
With the time going by, he was increasing concerned that his aim was _____ (hope) to achieve.
_____________(fortunate), when he hurried to the station, he found the train had left five minutes.
…there was a lot of information about the city’s well-known tourist _________ (attract)…
The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…He jumped even ______ (hard) and finally made himself out.
【要点精讲】
【语法专题】
学习目标：
理解8种句子成分的概念及在句子的作用，从而更好地理解英文句子。2.能正确分析判断句中的主谓宾成分，正确率达到100%。
3. 能正确分析判断句中的定状补成分，正确率达到90%。
目标分解：
（1）能正确理解主谓宾定语状语的概念及作用。
（2）能独立分析什么是主谓宾定语状语。
（3）能理解什么是表语，补语，同位语。
（4）能独立分析什么是表语，补语，同位语 。
（5）能将上述句子成分的知识应用于实际的做题和运用中。
在8大句子成分中，你觉得哪个最重要？什么是谓语？
能掌握主语，谓语，宾语，定语和状语。
【Group 1】
The car is running fast.
We are students.
Eating too much is bad for your health.
Three is enough.
【Group 2】
He likes English.
They often play basketball on the weekend.
Students are reading.
【Group 3】
He is doing his homework.
I met him on my way home.
We enjoy playing football.
She wants to go home.
【Group 4】
They have a clever son.
She is a chemistry teacher.
There are two students in the classroom.
【Group 5】
Thank you very much.
The old man is walking slowly.
He usually gets up at six.
We all work here.
二. 通过实例及练习理解什么是表语，补语，同位语
【Group 6】
He gets fatter after he becomes a manager.
【Group 7】
I asked him to have dinner.
I saw a thief stealing something
He made me go home
【Group 8】
We students should study hard.
We all are students.
三、解决学习问题
1、你能否读懂题目的题干并利用以上基础知识正确答题？
2、句子成分和句子翻译之间的关系是如何相互影响的呢？
观察题目中的句子，并总结名词与动词之间的变化关系。
1. He is a great doctor.
2. He is the great doctor who is popular among people there.
3. He is the great doctor in our city, who is popular among people there.
4. He ask me to stay in the beautiful place built by his father.
5. We often receive much money from the company located in Beijing.
【巩固训练】句子输出练习
1. 我昨天在广州找到了那本我上周丢失的书。
2. 我是一个爱打扫房间的人，而且我也喜欢保持房间整洁。
【语法填空之词性转化】
学习目标：
能正确判断所填空格的词性，正确率达到100%。
能正确判断写出该空格正确的单词，正确率达到80%。
2 词性变化考察技巧。
【Group 1】
1.The youngster immediately fell ________ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.
2.In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to…
3.Teachers must try their best to make most of their students ________ (interest) in the subject
【Group 2】
Always read the ______________ (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
2. On the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular _________ (choose) for a wedding in some countries.
3. We take _________ (proud) in the prosperity of our country.
【Group 3】
Volunteering is becoming _________ (increase) popular in China.
I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ______ (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.
【Group 4】
With the time going by, he was increasing concerned that his aim was _____ (hope) to achieve.
_____________(fortunate), when he hurried to the station, he found the train had left five minutes.
三、解决学习问题：目标对应的活动
1、你能根据句子上下文判断空格单词的词性吗？
2、 你能判断句中不同位置的词性并正确拼写单词吗？
【查漏补缺】
【基础知识】句子成分
写出划线的句子成分。
1. I like to buy a book in the beautiful shop.
Playing in the garden is the first choice of his.
I don’t think there is enough money for you to spend because I have given to the poor.
Can you tell me where is the tower which stands in the middle of the hill.
5. His dream is to be a leader so that he can ask the soldier to help the disabled.
二、单句语法填空
1. Please speak ___________ (slow) so that we can make full notes.
2. They all come early, but she come ____________ (early) of all.
3.After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _____________（hungrily）and tired.
4.It seems that living green is _____________（surprise）easy and affordable. A small step marks a big difference.
5.This is by far _______________ movie that I have ever seen（inspire）.
【能力突破】
1. 阅读句子
1）The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
2） An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
3）Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.
2. 翻译句子。
1）尽管越采越多的中国人拥有了汽车，但大部分中国人仍 喜欢骑自行车。
总之，如果你吸烟的话，你就很可能 失去拥有健康的机会。
因此，许多国家都 制定了不准在公共场合吸烟的法规，例如：电影院，车站，医院等地。
【语法填空之词性转化】
In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ___________ (person) view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ___________(immediately) reaction will be to tell the police.
…the remains date from this period because of their _______ (similar) to those found elsewhere.
…instructors expect students to be familiar with ________ (inform) in the reading…
The island is ______ (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
Do you think shopping online will ________ (final) take the place of shopping in stores
I think it is _________ (possible) for people to live without water for two weeks.
Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ______________ (popular).
【梳理优化】
补救学习。
【语法填空之词性变化】
1. I've been writing this report ______(occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
2. Mr. Stevenson is great to work for－I really couldn't ask for a ______(good) boss.
3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ______(nature) course.
4. Are they to be close or kept at arm's ________ (long)
5. But at some point we need to make sure that our ________ (expect) are the same as our friends’.
2、总结优化
【语法填空之词性转化】
做题步骤
通读句子，理解句子意思。
分析句子，确定空格中单词所属词性。
当确定填动词时，判断填入谓语还是非谓语
若填谓语，考虑时态和语态；
若填非谓语，考虑主被动
当确定填形容词或副词时，考虑其反义词，比较级和最高级。
当确定填名词时，考虑其复数形式。
【强化巩固】
【语法填空之词性转化】
Do you like travelling Staying __1__ (health) while __2__ (travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one.__3__you are travelling abroad, here are the tips you need to make your trip much __4__(easy)：
Make sure you have got signed passport and visas. Also, before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport! Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will help a lot if your passport is__5__(steal). Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives. Carry the other with you in a separate place from your passport.
Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit. Get yourself familiar __6__ local laws and customs of the countries to __7__you are travelling.
Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行日程) with family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency.
Do not accept packages from strangers. Do not carry too much money or __8__(necessary) credit cards. If we make enough__9__(prepare), we will succeed. Have __10__good time!
【课后练习】
Day 1
单句语法填空
---It was_________ (embarrass) that I made several pauses in my speech.
---Forget it. After all, it was your first speech.
I’m calling to enquire about the position _______(advertise) in yesterday’s China Daily.
The man is said to make the great _______ (discover)
We can win the _____(argue) if we present the facts clearly.
Beautifully _______(locate) in a quiet spot near the river, the hotel attracts a lot of people to stay.
_______(transport) goods by train can reduce pollution in a way.
If you can’t get through to her, try _________(phone) her mother.
--- Why are you so late
--- I was in half the way when it _____(occur)to me that I had left my notebook home, so I had to fetch it.
_____(thank) , I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
Diet and exercise are _____(equal) important .
Day 2
单句语法填空
1. If the population of the Earth keeps on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources ________(leave) to support life on the planet.
2. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we _________（use）up all the oil that drives our cars,
3. He looked up and there came the teacher with a look in her eyes that said he ______ (discover).
4. When we are young we are full of energy. We have the _____(good)conditions in our lives. Good memories, good understandings and so on.
5. Last weekend as I was riding in the bike lane alongside the truck, we reached a crossing and it turned to the right,________(hit) me and my bicycle
6. Even days after I reported the event to the police, they failed to________ (proper) solve this situation or even return my calls.
7. Eventually, I decided________(contact) University Student Legal Services for help about this matter.
8. The small damage may not seem worth all the trouble, but what if I had been seriously ________ (injure)
9. Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose it, but it is also true that we do not know what we have been________（miss）until it arrives.
10. Do not rely on ________ (wealthy), because there is something that is more valuable.
Day 7
一、高考阅读理解翻译
Christopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes(糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness, and even death. And if that weren't bad enough, he had no health insurance.
After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided he'd better find a way to fight back. He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones—a place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources.
二、语法填空
I was living a life in my screen and hardly noticed what__1__(be)around me.I was always checking the time and thinking of future__2__(plan). My thought was：“Who’s going to text me now What will I do next？” My bedtime routine was usually centered__3__one thing：my phone.__4__ I went to sleep，I browsed through news websites and checked my emails.When I woke up in the middle of the night, I did the same thing.The problem with this was that I felt anxious every night.
So when my friends invited me__5__(go)for a long weekend camping without the cell service，I thought this was__6__(exact) what I needed.Here’s how__7__(keep)away from my phone for 48 hours changed me and my way of life.
Without my phone，I__8__(fall)asleep listening to the songs of frogs and crickets.In the morning，I woke up energy.Sitting by the river，riding a bike，or singing the old songs，I __9__(true)enjoyed what I was doing.
I felt free without my phone at weekend camp，__10__changed me completely.I listened to what my body wanted instead of what my phone was telling me to do.
Day 15
一、翻译句子（注意句子成分)
1.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
2.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。
3.1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。
4.我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。
5.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。
6.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。
7.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。
8.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语
二、语法填空
A young man and an old man were waiting for a bus. ___1___ sat next to each other. “What’s that in your bag ” asked the young man, pointing to a big bag beside the old man.
“Gold. There was nothing but gold,” answered the old man. The young man could not believe his own ears and was ___2___ great surprise. Then he began to think about ___3___to get the money. The old man was very tired and it seemed that he could hardly keep his eyes open. After a while the old man ___4___(lie) down on the chair and fell asleep.
The young man took ___5___ big bag gently and quietly. But when he was just about to run away, he found a corner of his fur coat was under the old man’s body. Several times he tried to pull it out, ___6___ in vain. At last he took off his coat, ___7___(think) that the gold in the bag must cost far more than his fur coat.
Worried but ___8___(delight), the young man ran out of the station as quickly as his legs could carry him, until he reached a place ___9___ he thought the old man couldn’t find him. He stopped and quickly opened the bag but he just found a great many of small stones in it. Then he ran back to the station ___10___(hurry) only to find that the old man was gone.
Day 28
一、高考阅读理解及翻译
Airline companies are responsible for transporting your luggage. If you cannot recover it at the point of arrival. you must inform the airline immediately. They will early out the necessary search. If the luggage is re covered. it will be delivered to your place of residence. If you wish to insure your luggage，you may do so at your own expense.
Some airlines restrict luggage weight to 44 pounds(20 kg)；in other cases，there is no weight restriction，but you are not allowed more than two pieces of luggage. Inquire about luggage allowances from the airline with which you will be traveling. However，you must pay extra for excess luggage，which is not reimbursed (补偿)by Canadian International Development Agency(CIDA).
二、语法填空
In the West, most families have pets, like cats, dogs, and birds.If you live__1__a farm you also have horses, sheep, goats and something of this sort __2__will become part of the extended family.
Our family had many pets in the past. My favorite pet was a little gray poodle__3__(call) Suzie. The first time I saw her, she had long matted hair, needed a bath and haircut, but had such__4__beautiful face. I __5__(take) her home, bathed her and clipped all her hair back to reveal the most lovable little dog.
Poodles are full of__6__(intelligent) and she was too.She learned to recognize the sounds different__7__(car) in our household made.She knew when my father’s car was coming down the road, and would run around__8__(mad) barking then rush out to the front driveway and sit there__9__(wait) for him. She also seemed to know when people__10__(be) upset and would jump up onto their laps and sit there cuddling up as if to give comfort.高中英语 高考冲刺专题 句子成分+语法填空之词性转换
【问题查找】
一、指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：
1.They are working on the farm now.
2.Seeing is believing
3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much
4.She became a doctor in 1998
5.The book lying on the floor are mine
6.Suddenly it begins to rain
7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday
8.I always find her happy
9.He said he didn't come.
10.We students should study hard.
11. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .
12.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .
13.We can send a car over to fetch you .
14.Tom, my best friend, comes from America.
Keys: 1. 状语 2. 表语 3. 主语 4. 状语 5. 定语 6. 谓语 7. 谓语 8. 宾补 9. 宾语 10. 同位语 11. 谓语 12. 状语 13. 状语 14. 同位语
二、单句语法填空
The youngster immediately fell ________ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.
In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to…
Always read the ______________ (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
On the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular _________ (choose) for a wedding in some countries.
Volunteering is becoming _________ (increase) popular in China.
I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ______ (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.
With the time going by, he was increasing concerned that his aim was _____ (hope) to achieve.
_____________(fortunate), when he hurried to the station, he found the train had left five minutes.
…there was a lot of information about the city’s well-known tourist _________ (attract)…
The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…He jumped even ______ (hard) and finally made himself out.
Keys: 1. silent 2. dangerous 3. instructments 4. choice 5. increasingly 6. merely
7. hopeful 8. Unfortunately 9. attractions 10. harder
【要点精讲】
【语法专题】
学习目标：
理解8种句子成分的概念及在句子的作用，从而更好地理解英文句子。2.能正确分析判断句中的主谓宾成分，正确率达到100%。
3. 能正确分析判断句中的定状补成分，正确率达到90%。
目标分解：
（1）能正确理解主谓宾定语状语的概念及作用。
（2）能独立分析什么是主谓宾定语状语。
（3）能理解什么是表语，补语，同位语。
（4）能独立分析什么是表语，补语，同位语 。
（5）能将上述句子成分的知识应用于实际的做题和运用中。
教学过程：激发动机、激发已有知识、解决问题、内化过程、总结优化
一、用合适的活动激发学生动机。（需要老师进行个性化设计）
外部动机：通过向学生展示容易理解的句子分析句子成分。
内部动机：学好句子成分能有效提高语法填空和改错部分的分数。
激发已有知识
教师提问：在8大句子成分中，你觉得哪个最重要？什么是谓语？
【内化过程】请总结各种句子成分通常放在句子什么位置？一般由哪些结构承担这些成分？各种成分有什么需要注意的？
能掌握主语，谓语，宾语，定语和状语。
【Group 1】
The car is running fast. 名词做主语
We are students. 代词做主语
Eating too much is bad for your health. 动名词做主语
Three is enough. 数词做主语
主语的作用：谓语讲述所要说明或描述的人或事物，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
主语的构成：有：名词（n.）、代词(pron.)、数词(num.)、名词化形容词（adj.）、副词(adv.)、名词化介词(prep.)、不定式(to do )、动名词(doing)、名词化分词、介词短语、从句。
【内化过程】主语通常处于句子的什么位置？跟哪个句子成分联系最紧密？
【Group 2】
He likes English.
They often play basketball on the weekend.
Students are reading.
谓语的作用：说明主语的动作或状态，也是句子的主体部分，一般由动词充当。
谓语的构成：动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。
①实义动词单独作谓语
②连系动词与表语一起构成谓语
③情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合成谓语
④助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。
【内化过程】谓语是句子的生命，通常表示时态和语态。
【Group 3】
He is doing his homework.
I met him on my way home.
We enjoy playing football.
She wants to go home.
谓语的作用：是及物动词所涉及的对象，是动作的对象或承受者。
谓语的构成：一般由名词、代词、不定式及动名词等充当。
【内化过程】是不是每个句子都一定有宾语？为什么？
【Group 4】
They have a clever son.
She is a chemistry teacher.
There are two students in the classroom.
定语的作用：用于修饰名词或代词
定语的构成：一般由形容词、名词、数词、不定式、句子等充当。
【内化过程】定位可以放在什么位置？翻译句子中不同位置的定语时，用注意什么？
【Group 5】
Thank you very much.
The old man is walking slowly.
He usually gets up at six.
We all work here.
状语的作用：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句
状语的构成：一般由副词、介词短语、不定式短语或从句充当。
【内化过程】状语有哪些种类（如时间状语等）？状语有什么作用？
二. 通过实例及练习理解什么是表语，补语，同位语
【Group 6】
He gets fatter after he becomes a manager.
表语
从位置上来讲，它总是在系动词后面（系动词和表语关系甚为紧密，没有系动词，就没有表语。
从意义上讲，表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当。
系动词的分类：
be动词类： am、 is 、are 、was 、were
表示变化类：become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go
感官动词类: 眼（look ）耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel)
表示延续性的动词 ：remain 、stay 、keep
【内化过程】表语的位置和哪种成分的位置一样？表语和宾语有什么区别？
【Group 7】
I asked him to have dinner.
I saw a thief stealing something
He made me go home
宾语补足语
宾语补足语通常放在宾语后面，用于修饰说明宾语，若缺少宾语补足语，句子意思不完整。
2）在上诉3个句子中，to have dinner, stealing something, go home 分别充当宾语补语。
【内化过程】 有哪些动词可以跟宾语补足语？宾语+宾语补足语和双宾结构有什么区别？
【Group 8】
We students should study hard.
We all are students.
同位语
是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分
【内化过程】同位语一般在什么位置？跟定语有什么区别？
三、解决学习问题：目标对应的活动（目标的问题化分解）：
1、教师提问： 你能否读懂题目的题干并利用以上基础知识正确答题？
（请学生说出自己作答的理由与基础知识依据，老师根据情况补充。）
操作过程要求学生按照答题步骤进行答题训练，每题均如此操作，达到大体思路自动化的程度。
1. 读句子，理解句子意思。
2. 根据词汇在句中的位置和作用判断其成分。
【内化过程】
观察句子成分的位置；
判断句子成分；
根据不同句子成分的翻译顺序与方法理解句子意思。
2、教师提问： 句子成分和句子翻译之间的关系是如何相互影响的呢？
（请学生先观察题目中的句子，划出句子成分并进行翻译，老师依据情况进行引导补充。）
引导目的在于让学生建立起句子成分和句子翻译间的关联性，并随时注意，尤其在输出时要有意识进行复查。
观察题目中的句子，并总结名词与动词之间的变化关系。
1. He is a great doctor.
2. He is the great doctor who is popular among people there.
3. He is the great doctor in our city, who is popular among people there.
4. He ask me to stay in the beautiful place built by his father.
5. We often receive much money from the company located in Beijing.
【内化过程】（根据自己做的内容不同方法会不同，要个性化设计）
1. 主语，谓语，宾语, 表语和宾语补足语的翻译顺序是怎么样的？
2. 定语与补语的翻译顺序又是怎么样的？
【巩固训练】句子输出练习
1. 我昨天在广州找到了那本我上周丢失的书。
I found the book I lost last week in Guangzhou yesterday.
2. 我是一个爱打扫房间的人，而且我也喜欢保持房间整洁。
I am a person who like cleaning rooms and I like to keep rooms clean.
【内化过程】反思自己书写时容易在什么地方犯错？下次如何避免同类错误？
【语法填空之词性转化】
学习目标：
能正确判断所填空格的词性，正确率达到100%。
能正确判断写出该空格正确的单词，正确率达到80%。
目标分解：
（1）能正确理解文段中的词汇意义。
（2）能正确理解文段中的句子意义，理解表层信息。
（3）能正确判断空格中的词性。
（4）能正确拼写空格所要求的单词。
教学过程：激发动机、激发已有知识、解决问题、内化过程、总结优化
一、用合适的活动激发学生动机。（需要老师进行个性化设计）
外部动机：通过高考真题的展现和讲练引起学生重视。
内部动机：高考语法填空有70%与词性转化有关，学好本部分内容能有效提高语法填空整体的正确率。
二、激发已有知识
1. 教师提问：快速阅读句子找出影响理解的关键性词汇与句子。
（根据学生回答，结合原因分析的情况灵活决定需要与否。）
目的在于扫除表层信息理解障碍，基本词汇障碍在该环节完成。
【内化过程】学会在复习过程中发现自己不理解、记不住的词汇，并准备好自己个性化的词汇本。
2 词性变化考察技巧。
【Group 1】
1.The youngster immediately fell ________ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.
解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。
2.In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to…
解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填dangerous。
3.Teachers must try their best to make most of their students ________ (interest) in the subject
解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示”感兴趣的”，填interested。
总结：技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
【内化过程】当确定该空填形容词时，有哪些需要注意的？（反义词，比较级和最高级）
【Group 2】
Always read the ______________ (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
2. On the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular _________ (choose) for a wedding in some countries.
3. We take _________ (proud) in the prosperity of our country.
1.instructions; 2.choices; 3.pride
总结：技巧2：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式；在形容词性物主代词后，或者在”冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。要注意名词是否用复数形式。
【内化过程】名词通常处于句子什么位置？它前后通常有什么词或机构？
【Group 3】
Volunteering is becoming _________ (increase) popular in China.
I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ______ (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.
increasingly; 2. merely
总结：技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。
【内化过程】副词通常不影响句子的完整性；看看副词前后通常是什么词或短语？
【Group 4】
With the time going by, he was increasing concerned that his aim was _____ (hope) to achieve.
_____________(fortunate), when he hurried to the station, he found the train had left five minutes.
hopeless; 2. Unfortunately
总结：技巧4：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-等，在词根后加-less等。
【内化过程】当确定空格填形容词或副词时，一定要考虑其反义词和笔记级。
三、解决学习问题：目标对应的活动（目标的问题化分解）：
1.silent 2. dangerous 3. instructions 4. choices 5. increasingly 6. merely 7. hopeless 8. Unfortunately 9. attractions 10. harder
1、教师提问： 你能根据句子上下文判断空格单词的词性吗？
（请学生说出自己作答的理由与基础知识依据，老师据情况补充。）
目的在于引导学生分析句子前后的成分，确定空格单词的词性，提高正确率。
【内化过程】
1. 理解句子内容：根据上下文理解句子内容吗？
2. 判断空格词性：分析句子前后的成分，确定空格单词的词性？
2、教师提问： 你能判断句中不同位置的词性并正确拼写单词吗？
（请学生说出自己作答的理由与基础知识依据，老师据情况补充。）
目的在于引导学生根据意义结合句子结构判断空格位要填入的词及其词性，并能正确拼写，过程要注意引导学生用所复习的语法基础知识帮助完成解答。每一题都需要重复思考步骤，以帮助学生熟练掌握思考路径。
【内化过程】
1. 空格处需要填入什么词义的词才能使得意义完整连贯？
2. 如何判断空格处可以填什么词性？各个词性需要注意什么陷阱？
【查漏补缺】
【基础知识】句子成分
写出划线的句子成分。
1. I like to buy a book in the beautiful shop. 谓语；宾语
Playing in the garden is the first choice of his. 主语
I don’t think there is enough money for you to spend because I have given to the poor. 状语
Can you tell me where is the tower which stands in the middle of the hill. 定语
5. His dream is to be a leader so that he can ask the soldier to help the disabled. 表语；宾语补足语
二、单句语法填空
1. Please speak ___________ (slow) so that we can make full notes.
2. They all come early, but she come ____________ (early) of all.
3.After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _____________（hungrily）and tired.
4.It seems that living green is _____________（surprise）easy and affordable. A small step marks a big difference.
5.This is by far _______________ movie that I have ever seen（inspire）.
1. slowly 2. earliest 3. hungry 4. surprisingly 5. the most inspiring
【能力突破】
1. 阅读句子
1）The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
2） An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
3）Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.
许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
2. 翻译句子。
1）尽管越采越多的中国人拥有了汽车，但大部分中国人仍 喜欢骑自行车。
Although more and more Chinese own cars,most Chinese still like to ride bicycles.
总之，如果你吸烟的话，你就很可能 失去拥有健康的机会。
In a word, if you smoke, you do h ave a much greater chance of losing your health.
因此，许多国家都 制定了不准在公共场合吸烟的法规，例如：电影院，车站，医院等地。
Therefore, many countries have made laws forbidding smokers to smoke m public places such as cinemas, stations, hospitals, and so on.
【语法填空之词性转化】
In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ___________ (person) view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ___________(immediately) reaction will be to tell the police.
…the remains date from this period because of their _______ (similar) to those found elsewhere.
…instructors expect students to be familiar with ________ (inform) in the reading…
The island is ______ (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
Do you think shopping online will ________ (final) take the place of shopping in stores
I think it is _________ (possible) for people to live without water for two weeks.
Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ______________ (popular).
Keys: 1. personal 2. immediate 3. similarity 4. information 5. equally 6. finally 7. impossible 8. more popular
【梳理优化】
补救学习。
【语法填空之词性变化】
1. I've been writing this report ______(occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
2. Mr. Stevenson is great to work for－I really couldn't ask for a ______(good) boss.
3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ______(nature) course.
4. Are they to be close or kept at arm's ________ (long)
5. But at some point we need to make sure that our ________ (expect) are the same as our friends’.
1. occasionally 2. better 3. natural 4. length 5. expectation
总结优化。
【语法填空之词性转化】
做题步骤
通读句子，理解句子意思。
分析句子，确定空格中单词所属词性。
当确定填动词时，判断填入谓语还是非谓语
若填谓语，考虑时态和语态；
若填非谓语，考虑主被动
当确定填形容词或副词时，考虑其反义词，比较级和最高级。
当确定填名词时，考虑其复数形式。
【强化巩固】
【语法填空之词性转化】
Do you like travelling Staying __1__ (health) while __2__ (travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one.__3__you are travelling abroad, here are the tips you need to make your trip much __4__(easy)：
Make sure you have got signed passport and visas. Also, before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport! Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will help a lot if your passport is__5__(steal). Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives. Carry the other with you in a separate place from your passport.
Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit. Get yourself familiar __6__ local laws and customs of the countries to __7__you are travelling.
Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行日程) with family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency.
Do not accept packages from strangers. Do not carry too much money or __8__(necessary) credit cards. If we make enough__9__(prepare), we will succeed. Have __10__good time!
Keys: 1.healthy 2.travel(l)ing 3.If/When/While 4. easier 5.stolen
6.with 7.which 8.unnecessary 9. preparations 10.a
【课后练习】
Day 1
单句语法填空
---It was_________ (embarrass) that I made several pauses in my speech.
---Forget it. After all, it was your first speech.
I’m calling to enquire about the position _______(advertise) in yesterday’s China Daily.
The man is said to make the great _______ (discover)
We can win the _____(argue) if we present the facts clearly.
Beautifully _______(locate) in a quiet spot near the river, the hotel attracts a lot of people to stay.
_______(transport) goods by train can reduce pollution in a way.
If you can’t get through to her, try _________(phone) her mother.
--- Why are you so late
--- I was in half the way when it _____(occur)to me that I had left my notebook home, so I had to fetch it.
_____(thank) , I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
Diet and exercise are _____(equal) important .
1. embarrassing 2. advertised 3. discovery 4. argument 5. located
6. Transporting 7. phoning 8. occurred 9. Thankfully 10. equally
Day 2
单句语法填空
1. If the population of the Earth keeps on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources ________(leave) to support life on the planet.
2. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we _________（use）up all the oil that drives our cars,
3. He looked up and there came the teacher with a look in her eyes that said he ______ (discover).
4. When we are young we are full of energy. We have the _____(good)conditions in our lives. Good memories, good understandings and so on.
5. Last weekend as I was riding in the bike lane alongside the truck, we reached a crossing and it turned to the right,________(hit) me and my bicycle
6. Even days after I reported the event to the police, they failed to________ (proper) solve this situation or even return my calls.
7. Eventually, I decided________(contact) University Student Legal Services for help about this matter.
8. The small damage may not seem worth all the trouble, but what if I had been seriously ________ (injure)
9. Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose it, but it is also true that we do not know what we have been________（miss）until it arrives.
10. Do not rely on ________ (wealthy), because there is something that is more valuable.
1. left 2. will have used 3. had been discovered 4. best 5. hitting
6. properly. 7. to contact 8. injured 9. missing 10. wealth
Day 7
一、高考阅读理解翻译
Christopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes(糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness, and even death. And if that weren't bad enough, he had no health insurance.
After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided he'd better find a way to fight back. He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones—a place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources.
答案：
克里斯托弗托马斯，现年27岁，他白天是一名教师，晚上是一名作家，他发现他总是很累，并且瘦了很多。他被诊断出患有糖尿病，一天需要注射三次胰岛素来维持生命，否则，他有可能失明，甚至死亡。最糟糕的是，他没有医疗保险。
经过一个月的感觉不适，托马斯决定最好找到一个方法来反击。他离开广州，纽约密歇根，找到了一份工作，他称自己为糖尿病的Rockstar，并创办了网站，一个免费的在线社区，这是一个超过1100人分享个人故事，信息，资源的地方。
二、语法填空
I was living a life in my screen and hardly noticed what__1__(be)around me.I was always checking the time and thinking of future__2__(plan). My thought was：“Who’s going to text me now What will I do next？” My bedtime routine was usually centered__3__one thing：my phone.__4__ I went to sleep，I browsed through news websites and checked my emails.When I woke up in the middle of the night, I did the same thing.The problem with this was that I felt anxious every night.
So when my friends invited me__5__(go)for a long weekend camping without the cell service，I thought this was__6__(exact) what I needed.Here’s how__7__(keep)away from my phone for 48 hours changed me and my way of life.
Without my phone，I__8__(fall)asleep listening to the songs of frogs and crickets.In the morning，I woke up energy.Sitting by the river，riding a bike，or singing the old songs，I __9__(true)enjoyed what I was doing.
I felt free without my phone at weekend camp，__10__changed me completely.I listened to what my body wanted instead of what my phone was telling me to do.
1.was 2.plans 3.on 4.Before 5.to go 6.exactly 7.keeping 8.fell 9.truly 10.which
Day 15
一、翻译句子（注意句子成分)
1.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
2.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。
3.1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。
4.我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。
5.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。
6.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。
7.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。
8.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语
答案：
Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.
Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day.
The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.
All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.
Her job is to look after the children in the nursery
All of us considered him honest.
I thought it no use talking with that man
Every morning we hear him read English aloud.
二、语法填空
A young man and an old man were waiting for a bus. ___1___ sat next to each other. “What’s that in your bag ” asked the young man, pointing to a big bag beside the old man.
“Gold. There was nothing but gold,” answered the old man. The young man could not believe his own ears and was ___2___ great surprise. Then he began to think about ___3___to get the money. The old man was very tired and it seemed that he could hardly keep his eyes open. After a while the old man ___4___(lie) down on the chair and fell asleep.
The young man took ___5___ big bag gently and quietly. But when he was just about to run away, he found a corner of his fur coat was under the old man’s body. Several times he tried to pull it out, ___6___ in vain. At last he took off his coat, ___7___(think) that the gold in the bag must cost far more than his fur coat.
Worried but ___8___(delight), the young man ran out of the station as quickly as his legs could carry him, until he reached a place ___9___ he thought the old man couldn’t find him. He stopped and quickly opened the bag but he just found a great many of small stones in it. Then he ran back to the station ___10___(hurry) only to find that the old man was gone.
1.They 2. in 3. how 4. lay 5. the
6. but 7. thinking 8. delighted 9. where 10. hurriedly
Day 28
一、高考阅读理解及翻译
Airline companies are responsible for transporting your luggage. If you cannot recover it at the point of arrival. you must inform the airline immediately. They will early out the necessary search. If the luggage is re covered. it will be delivered to your place of residence. If you wish to insure your luggage，you may do so at your own expense.
Some airlines restrict luggage weight to 44 pounds(20 kg)；in other cases，there is no weight restriction，but you are not allowed more than two pieces of luggage. Inquire about luggage allowances from the airline with which you will be traveling. However，you must pay extra for excess luggage，which is not reimbursed (补偿)by Canadian International Development Agency(CIDA).
航空公司有责任帮你运输行李。如果你没有在到达的时候拿到行李，你必须立即通知航空公司。他们会做必要的寻找。如果重新找到了行李，他们会通知你的住处。如果你想要对行李进行保险，你需要自己付费。
有些航空公司规定行李的重量不能超过44磅（20公斤），其他航空公司对行李的重量没有限制，但是行李的件数不能超过两件。可以向你将要乘坐的航班询问行李是否被允许。对与超过规定的行李要承担额外的费用，对此加拿大国际发展机构不会进行补偿。
二、语法填空
In the West, most families have pets, like cats, dogs, and birds.If you live__1__a farm you also have horses, sheep, goats and something of this sort __2__will become part of the extended family.
Our family had many pets in the past. My favorite pet was a little gray poodle__3__(call) Suzie. The first time I saw her, she had long matted hair, needed a bath and haircut, but had such__4__beautiful face. I __5__(take) her home, bathed her and clipped all her hair back to reveal the most lovable little dog.
Poodles are full of__6__(intelligent) and she was too.She learned to recognize the sounds different__7__(car) in our household made.She knew when my father’s car was coming down the road, and would run around__8__(mad) barking then rush out to the front driveway and sit there__9__(wait) for him. She also seemed to know when people__10__(be) upset and would jump up onto their laps and sit there cuddling up as if to give comfort.
1.on 2.that 3.called 4.a 5.took 6.intelligence 7.cars 8.madly 9.waiting 10.were
