【精品解析】天津市南开区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题

天津市南开区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
一、第一部分：英语知识运用，第一节：单项填空，从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共15小题：每小题1分, 满分15分）
1．（2023高三上·南开期末） —Can you take me on a trip this summer vacation
— ____I can take you where you want to go.
A．Sure thing B．Forget it
C．That depends D．Absolutely not
2．（2023高三上·南开期末） He's become the ____for a lot of criticism recently.
A．pressure B．target C．function D．trick
3．（2023高三上·南开期末） Although he was poor, he was quite ____to his needy friends.
A．typical B．generous C．adequate D．identical
4．（2023高三上·南开期末） Every customer coming here must do the warm-up exercise before ____swimming. That's our regulation.
A．catching up with B．getting on with
C．getting down to D．putting up with
5．（2023高三上·南开期末） Keep down! You ____let anyone sec you.
A．needn't B．daren't C．mustn't D．won't
6．（2023高三上·南开期末） It is unclear ____the results of this test will convince a judge.
A．what B．whether C．why D．that
7．（2023高三上·南开期末） If you do not know who you are, what are your interests and values, you can hardly act ____yourself.
A．in addition to B．in return for
C．in terms of D．in agreement with
8．（2023高三上·南开期末） The restaurant ____they serve fried chicken is my favorite.
A．which B．when C．that D．where
9．（2023高三上·南开期末） My washing machine ____this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A．is repairing B．has been repaired
C．is being repaired D．repaired
10．（2023高三上·南开期末） They decided to ____their old furniture to charity.
A．give away B．hang on C．hand down D．get down
11．（2023高三上·南开期末） Exhibits include pottery（器）____back to the 3rd Century BC and coins from the 17th Century.
A．being dated B．to be dated C．dating D．to date
12．（2023高三上·南开期末） —Got to fly. See you around.
—Bye. ____.
A．Catch you later B．Go ahead
C．That's really something D．Don't bother me
13．（2023高三上·南开期末） Since 1993, the number of people living in Old Montreal ____from 100 to 6, 000.
A．has grown B．have grown C．is growing D．are growing
14．（2023高三上·南开期末） They had to buy their own copies rather than waiting to borrow ____.
A．it B．that C．this D．one
15．（2023高三上·南开期末） ____I had the talent to play tennis, I couldn't stand the pressure.
A．Even if B．As though C．Ever since D．Now that
二、第一部分：英语知识运用，第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
Talking about Beijing Opera, we cannot forget to mention one of its greatest performers: Mei Lanfang, a brilliant artist who played an important role in bringing Beijing Opera to the world. Mei Lanfang was born in Beijing in 1894. He started to learn the 16． of Beijing Opera at the age of eight and made his on-stage debut（首次登台） at age eleven. Mei Lanfang worked hard to learn as much as possible from the great artists and 17． of Beijing Opera, and by the age of 20, he had become a（n） 18． actor in Beijing Opera's dan role（角）.
Mei Lanfang quickly became well-known among Chinese audiences 19． his acting skill. Mei Lanfang's skill opened doors for him to become friends with people from all over the world, as he often 20． guests from other countries who wanted to meet the young actor. As Mei Lanfang 21． to know ambassadors （大使）, European royal families, and celebrities from 22． , he 23． bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world, so that even more people from other countries might understand and 24． the beauty of Chinese culture and art.
And so, in 1919, Mei Lanfang began to travel abroad, 25． performances in Japan and the Soviet Union（苏联）. His 26． were a great success; audiences were fascinated by this 27． opera from the Orient（东方）. One of Mei Lanfang's greatest 28． was to visit the United States, and after cight years of 29． , he and his opera group finally brought Beijing Opera to the USA.
Mei Lanfang 30． his whole life to the art of Beijing Opera. He 31． sought to improve his own artistry, creating many unforgettable and beautiful 32． for the stage. His style became known as the "Mei Lanfang school （梅派）", a（n） 33． graceful style, and is still one of the most popular styles of Beijing Opera today.
Mei Lanfang died in 1961 of heart disease. During his more than 50 years on the stage, Mei Lanfang took traditions from the past and 34． the best parts to create new and enrich old forms of Beijing Opera. Although this great opera master has now joined the heroes of history, he 35． a legacy of cultural wealth for his people and for all future generations.
16．A． name B． history C． art D． tradition
17．A． celebrities B． masters C． fans D． audiences
18．A． assistant B． amateur C． supporting D． leading
19．A． for B． as C． with D． by
20．A． entertained B． avoided C． fooled D． gathered
21．A． needed B． wanted C． got D． learned
22．A． heart B． abroad C． world D． community
23．A． came to B． agreed to
C． got down to D． longed to
24．A． maintain B． polish C． identify D． appreciate
25．A． showing B． taking C． giving D． playing
26．A． tours B． fames C． reforms D． routines
27．A． valued B． elegant C． opened D． honored
28．A． approaches B． responses C． goals D． shames
29．A． dreams B． controls C． attempts D． trades
30．A． sacrificed B． brought C． risked D． devoted
31．A． ultimately B． mostly C． absolutely D． constantly
32．A． characters B． experiences C． stars D． lives
33．A． merely B． uniquely C． entirely D． barely
34．A． adapted B． deserted C． drew D． declined
35．A． brought out B． left behind
C． gave out D． filled up
三、第二部分：阅读理解，阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。（共20小题：每小题2.5分, 满分50分）
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读理解
The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers（层） of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns.
Causes of burns
You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation （by being close to high heat or fire, etc. ）, the sun, electricity or chemicals.
Types of burns
There are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned.
First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a mordent （熨烫熨斗）.
Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids.
Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.
Characteristics of burns
First degree burns
dry, red and mildly swollen（肿胀的）
mildly painful
turn white when pressed
Second degree burns
rough, red and swollen
watery surface
extremely painful
Third degree burns
black and white and charred （烧焦的）
swollen; often tissue under them can be seen
little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain around edge of injured area
36．According to Paragraph 1, the functions of the skin include ____.
A．regulating body temperature
B．reflecting the sun's harmful rays
C．speeding up water loss
D．absorbing poisons automatically
37．According to Paragraph 2, which of the following may NOT be the cause of burns
A．Boiling oil. B．Hot chocolate.
C．Electric shocks. D．Heart attacks.
38．How are burn grades divided
A．Depending on the speed of the burn.
B．Depending on the location of the burn.
C．Depending on how many layers of skin there are.
D．Depending on how deep and severe they burn the surface of the skin.
39．According to the author, which of the following is a second-degree burn
A．Your skin may be bright red, swollen, and look wet.
B．The bur site appears white or charred and there is no feeling in the area.
C．Your skin may be red and painful, and you may experience mild swelling.
D．Instead of turning red, your skin may appear black, brown, white or yellow.
40．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A course guide. B．A first aid brochure.
C．A hospital advertisement. D．A business magazine.
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读理解
You have to get to your job interview, but you don't have access to an automobile. How would you solve this dilemma （困境）？ Most people would probably call an Uber or perhaps ask a friend or family member for a ride. But not this Indiana woman. Kasia Shelton from Muncie has been arrested for stealing a vehicle from a local dealership （经销商）. According to police reports, the 20-year-old used the 2013 Kia Optima to drive to a job interview in Indianapolis.
The auto theft happened on Monday, October 9. On the day, Shelton arrived at RDI Motors in Muncie and asked an employee to see a certain 2013 Kia Optima. He showed the car to Shelton and we can only assume he talked in length about its great condition for its age, the features, and the reliability. The employee later told the police that Shelton seemed interested in the car and asked to take it for a test drive. But while he was talking to her and preparing the car for a drive, the dealership's telephone kept ringing and ringing. He said that he had to excuse himself constantly to go pick up the phone, yet there was never anybody on the other end of the line. The last time the phone rang was just as the employee had gotten the car ready for Shelton to take it for a test drive. When he got back from the phone, Shelton and the Kia were gone.
The RDI employee immediately called the Muncie Police Department. The police then began using the Flock camera surveillance system（监控系统） in an attempt to spot the car. A while later, they saw the car again, this time returning to Muncie. After that, the cameras lost the car, but we now know that Shelton drove it back to RDI Motors. Finding out wasn't too difficult. The police said they were able to connect the car to Shelton because she had filled out an online form on RDI Motors' website.
When the police later showed up at Shelton's door, she seemed confused and thought the officers were pulling off some kind of a joke. She genuinely didn't seem to understand what she was getting arrested for. After all, she returned the Kia to the dealership once she was done with her trip. She didn't plan to keep it, so what's the big____deal
Whether she understood the reason why or not, Shelton was arrested. She has been charged with auto theft, which could land her in prison for up to two and a half years.
41．Why was Shelton arrested
A．Because she got a job interview.
B．Because she didn't call an Uber.
C．Because she stole a car.
D．Because she drove a 2013 Kia Optima.
42．What was the attitude of the employee when introducing the 2013 Kia Optima to Shelton
A．Uninterested. B．Negative. C．Responsible. D．Intolerable.
43．What stopped the employee from taking Shelton to the test drive
A．Some other clients. B．Mysterious phone calls.
C．Shelton's attitude. D．His colleagues' calls.
44．How did the police find Shelton
A．By searching the Flock camera surveillance system.
B．Through the interview company.
C．By inquiring RDI motors' employees.
D．Through the personal information she left on the site.
45．The underlined part "what's the big deal " in Paragraph 4 can be understood as ____.
A．Don't you think that's the reason you arrest me
B．Is this small thing worth an arrest
C．Is this a deal
D．Do you think I should buy the car
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读理解
Is it possible to make machines think like humans This is one question in research in the field of Artificial Intelligence, or "AI" To think like a human, it involves feelings, morality, hopes, and dreams. Humans are capable of making decisions by themselves without input from others, and they can learn from experience. In addition, humans are able to create things from their own inspiration for their own pleasure. The question is whether machines can ever really think in all these aspects. The idea of a computer that is all-powerful and can think and make decisions for itself terrifies many people. In some films, Al even decides that all humans must be killed. Many people are also concerned that AI will be used to replace humans.
Yet others are comforted by the thought of Al. Maybe with AJ. robots can be made to replace loved ones who have died. Today, the creation of an all-powerful computer capable of human thought is still in progress. We have companion （陪伴） robots, and it is likely that they will grow more important in our lives as time goes by. However, the need for such robots does not seem to be as critical as our need for intelligent machines that can solve problems by learning from their observations and experience.
For example, AI is already being used with great success in Internet search engines and as a personal assistant in our smartphones. It learns from our habits to help us find what we want and like. Al is also used to diagnose （诊断） problems and suggest solutions. Researchers are also experimenting with the use of AI in driverless cars which can sense their surroundings and decide on the best way to reach a destination. It is also being used in education, particularly in online courses. Furthermore, industries that use robots for repetitive or dangerous work often turn to Al to manage these electronic workers. In addition, virtual assistants are also being used in some homes today. In the near future, it is likely that Al will be used to manage smart homes and handle an even greater variety of tasks such as setting out favourite clothes and helping us with our personal grooming （梳妆）. The Al of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. Do you think that we can create a robot that thinks like a human or one that is even more intelligent If so, is there truly a difference between AI and a human
46．What can we learn from Paragraphs 1 and 2
A．We already have all-powerful computers with the power of human thought.
B．One day the Al will decide on its own to wipe out humans.
C．Robots with AI have the potential to replace our loved ones.
D．In contrast, humans need artificial intelligence machines to help us solve problems rather than companion robots.
47．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Al will eventually be used to manage workers.
B．AI is often used to manage robots on production lines.
C．Industrial robots are completely different from electronic workers.
D．Industrial robots often turn to Al.
48．What could be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Al
A．Smartphones already have AI technology.
B．Al technology for driverless cars is already mature.
C．AJ has been being used to mange smart homes.
D．Artificial intelligence has proved its superiority over humanity in all fields.
49．What is the author's attitude towards Al
A．Short-sighted. B．Wait-and-see. C．Optimistic. D．Skeptical.
50．What makes the best title for the passage
A．Al Thinks Like Humans B．AI Robots
C．AI and Human Beings D．The Future of AI
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读理解
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases （致命疾病）. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. Then the data is transmitted （传送） to scientists on Earth. After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products such as GPS, memory foam pillows （记忆棉枕头）, and smartphone cameras are changing our lives.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are limited. In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems.
51．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ____.
A．propose a definition B．make a comparison
C．reach a conclusion D．present an argument
52．Which of the following is TRUE about the satellites
A．They can collect information of the land and weather changes.
B．They can provide useful recommendations for farmers.
C．They can fight against world hunger directly.
D．They can analyze the data and make suggestions.
53．What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3
A．Space exploration no longer requires high-end products.
B．High-end products cannot meet the needs of space exploration.
C．Our daily life has benefited from the development of space technology.
D．The development of new material is a must for space exploration.
54．What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 4
A．Space exploration has changed the way our planet works.
B．Space exploration helps to discover and solve Earth's problems.
C．In the future, all humans may have to move to Mars.
D．Resource shortage and population growth are already serious problems.
55．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A．To provide guidance on how to carry out space exploration.
B．To stress the need of promoting technology.
C．To state the importance of exploring space.
D．To suggest a way of meeting the requirements for space exploration.
四、第三部分：写作，第一节：阅读表达（共5小题：每小题2分, 满分10分）
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读短文, 按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
On 8th August, 1914, 27 men who had replied to an advertisement in The Times boarded a ship leaving for the Antarctic （南极洲）. The name of the ship was the Endurance and the captain was an Irishman called Ernest Shackleton.
The aim of the journey was to cross the frozen continent via the South Pole — a journey of 1, 800 miles. Shackleton thought the journey would last six months.
But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea. They then headed north, pulling three lifeboats behind them.
After six days, bad weather forced them to give up and the men set up camp on a sheet of ice which began slowly moving across the Antarctic Circle.
They survived on the ice for five months. Then, on 16th April, 1915, Shackleton saw land. It was Elephant Island-a large rock with nothing growing on it, but much better than a floating piece of ice. When they reached the island, Shackleton came up with an idea—it was a risk but he would have to take it. He and five men would take one of the lifeboats, and sail 800 miles to South Georgia, where there was a permanent camp. They could then return to rescue the rest of the men.
It took Shackleton 17 days to reach South Georgia. Unfortunately he landed on the wrong side of the island, and had to walk 36 hours over mountains to reach the camp. The whale hunters at the camp couldn't believe their eyes when they saw the six men walking down from the mountains. Shackleton kept his promise. More than three months later, be returned to Elephant Island to rescue the crew he had been forced to abandon. He had failed to reach the pole— but he had saved the lives of all his men.
56．What was the goal of the adventure （no more than 8 words）
57．Why did they leave the Endurance （no more than 6 words）
58．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 5 （1 word）
59．How did Shackleton save the lives of all his crew （no more than 15 words）
60．What do you think of Shackleton Please explain. （no more than 20 words）
五、第三部分：写作，第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61．（2023高三上·南开期末） 假设你是晨光中学的李津。你的英国朋友Chris在最近的一封邮件中提到, 自己视力下降厉害很是苦恼, 希望得到你的帮助。请根据以下提示回复邮件：（1）安慰对方； （2）分析可能导致他视力下降的原因： （3）提出帮助他改善视力的建议（方法）。
注意： （1）词数不少于100: （2）可适当加入细节, 使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I'm sorry to hear that your eyesight has been declining.
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——这个暑假你能带我去旅行吗？——当然，我可以带你去你想去的地方。A. Sure thing"当然"；B. Forget it"算了"； C. That depends"那要看情况"；D. Absolutely not"绝不"。根据下文"I can take you where you want to go"以及语境可知，这里应表示同意。故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分Sure thing；Forget it；That depends和Absolutely not的含义和使用环境。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他最近成了许多批评的对象。A.pressure"压力"；B. target"目标"；C. function "功能"；D. trick"技巧"。根据"a lot of criticism"以及句意可知，这里指他成为许多批评的"目标"。故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分pressure；target；function和trick的含义。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然他很穷，但他对需要帮助的朋友却很慷慨。A. typical"典型的"；B. generous "慷慨的"；C. adequate"足够的"；D. identical"完全相同的"。根据"Although he was poor"和"to his needy friends"可知，句子表示"虽然他很穷，但他对需要帮助的朋友却很慷慨"，因此空格处意为"慷慨的"。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分typical；generous；adequate和identical的含义。
4．【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：每个来这里的顾客在开始游泳前都必须做热身运动。这是我们的规定。A. catching up with" 赶上"；B. getting on with"继续（干某事）"；C. getting down to"着手做"；D. putting up with"忍受"。由swimming和句意可知，这里表示"开始着手"游泳前需要热身。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分catch up with；get on with；get down to和put up with的含义。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：蹲下！一定不要让人看见你。A. needn't"不需要，不必"；B. daren't"不敢"；C. mustn't"不能，不可"；D. won't"不会"。根据"Keep down!"可知，此处发出命令要求对方蹲下，表示不能让任何人看见"你"。故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词词义辨析，区分needn't；daren't；mustn't和won't的含义和应用。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：目前还不清楚这次测试的结果是否能说服法官。 ____the results of this test will convince a judge 是主语从句，it为形式主语，由It is unclear以及句意可知，这里应用连接词whether，表"是否"，符合句意。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whether引导的主语从句。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你不知道你是谁，你的兴趣和价值观是什么，你很难与自己达成一致。A. in addition to"除……之外"；B. in return for"作为……的回报"；C.in terms of"就……而言，从……方面（说来）"；D. in agreement with"同意，与……一致"。根据"If you do not know who you are, what are your interests and values, you can hardly act"可知，in agreement with意思合适。故选D。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in addition to；in return for；in terms of和in agreement with的含义。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：他们供应炸鸡的那家餐馆是我的最爱。 ____they serve fried chicken 是限制性定语从句，先行词为The restaurant，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修理，所以我不得不手洗衣服。此处是谓语动词，因为machine和repair之间时被动关系，应用被动语态，再根据下文"I have to wash my clothes by hand"我必须手洗衣服，可知，洗衣机应该是"正在被修理"，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查时态、语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他们决定把旧家具捐给慈善机构。A. give away"赠送"；B. hang on"坚持"；C. hand down"传给"；D. get down"咽下，写下"。由charity以及句意可知，这里指把旧家具"赠送"给慈善机构。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分give away；hang on；hand down和get down的含义。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：展品包括公元前3世纪的陶器和17世纪的硬币。本句谓语为include，此处应用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语pottery与date back to"追溯到"为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语，修饰名词pottery。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作定语。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：--必须飞起来。回头见。--再见。待会儿见。A. Catch you later"待会儿见"；B. Go ahead"去吧"；C. That's really something"真了不起"；D. Don't bother me"别打扰我"。根据"See you around"和句意可知，这里应表示"待会儿见"。故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分Catch you later；Go ahead；That's really something和Don't bother me的含义和使用环境。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：自1993年以来，居住在老蒙特利尔的人口已经从100人增加到6000人。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语Since 1993可知，用现在完成时态，the number of...作主语，表示"……的数量"，谓语动词用单数形式。综上，谓语动词grow用现在完成时单数形式。故选A。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成时以及the number of...的应用。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】不定代词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们不得不自己购买，而不是等着借阅一本。one"一个，一本"，表示泛指，指代上文提到过的同类事物中的一个，但不是上文提到的那一个事物，即"同类不同物"。it"它"代替上文提到的东西。this"这个"是指示代词，一般指较近的事物，不能代替前面的东西。that指示代词，意为"那、那个"，that和it表示特指。本句中泛指"一本"，故选D。
【点评】考查代词，本题涉及不定代词one的应用。
15．【答案】A
【知识点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：即使我有打网球的天赋，我也受不了这种压力。A. Even if "即使"；B. As though"好像"； C. Ever since"自从"； D. Now that"既然"。分析句子可知，此空前后两句有转折含义，所以应用Even if引导，构成让步状语从句。故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及even if引导的让步状语从句。
【答案】16．C；17．B；18．D；19．A；20．A；21．C；22．B；23．D；24．D；25．C；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．C；30．D；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．A；35．B
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了梅兰芳的生平及突出贡献。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：他8岁开始学习京剧艺术，11岁首次登台演出。A. name"名字"；B. history"历史"；C. art"艺术"；D. tradition"传统"。根据空后"Beijing Opera"可知，京剧是一门艺术。下文"the art of Beijing Opera"也是提示。故选C。
17．句意：梅兰芳努力学习，尽可能多地向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角。A. celebrities"名人"；B. masters"大师"；C. fans"粉丝，狂热爱好者"；D. audiences"观众"。根据空前"learn as much as possible from the great artists and"可知，他肯定是向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，故选B。
18．句意：梅兰芳努力学习，尽可能多地向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角。A. assistant"助理的"；B. amateur"业余的"；C. supporting"支持的"；D. leading"主要的"。根据空后"actor in Beijing Opera's dan role"和客观事实可知，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角，故选D。
19．句意：梅兰芳因其演技迅速在中国观众中成名。A. for"因为"；B. as"作为"；C. with"和"；D. by"被"。根据空前"became well-known"；以及空后"his acting skill"可知，梅兰芳因其演技迅速在中国观众中成名，be well-known for固定短语，"因……而闻名"，故选A。
20．句意：梅兰芳的技巧为他打开了与世界各地的人成为朋友的大门，因为他经常招待来自其他国家的客人，他们想见见这位年轻的演员。A. entertained"招待"；B. avoided"避免"；C. fooled"愚弄"；D. gathered"集中"。根据空前"become friends with people from all over the world"可知，他与世界各地的人成为朋友，因此是招待来自其他国家的客人。故选A。
21．句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. needed"需要"；B. wanted"想要"；C. got "得到"；D. learned"学习"。根据空后"bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world"可知，随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，get to know固定短语，"逐渐认识"。故选C。
22．句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. heart"心"；B. abroad"外国"；C. world "世界"；D. community"社区"。根据空前"ambassadors (大使), European royal families, and celebrities"；以及空后"bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world"可知，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。故选B。
23．句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. came to"来到"；B. agreed to"同意"；C. got down to"开始认真对待"；D. longed to"渴望"。根据空后"bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world"可知，把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，这是他渴望做的。故选D。
24．句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. maintain"保持"；B. polish"擦亮"；C. identify"鉴别"；D. appreciate"欣赏"。根据空后"the beauty of Chinese culture and art"可知，此处表示欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。故选D。
25．句意：因此，1919年，梅兰芳开始出国旅行，在日本和苏联演出。A. showing"展示"；B. taking "拿走"；C. giving"给"；D. playing"弹奏"。根据空后"performances in Japan and the Soviet Union"和客观事实可知，梅兰芳在日本和苏联演出，give performances固定短语，"表演"。故选C。
26．句意：他的旅行非常成功。A. tours"旅行"；B. fames"名声"；C. reforms"改革"；D. routines "常规，惯例"。根据上文"travel abroad"可知，他出国旅游，他的旅行是非常成功的。故选A。
27．句意：观众被这部来自东方的高雅歌剧迷住了。A. valued"重要的"；B. elegant"高雅的"；C. opened"开的"；D. honored"光荣的"。根据空后"opera from the Orient"可知，此处表示来自东方的高雅歌剧。故选B。
28．句意：梅兰芳最大的目标之一就是去美国，经过八年的努力，他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。A. approaches"方法"；B. responses"回答"；C. goals"目标"；D. shames"羞耻"。根据空后"visit the United States"可知，去美国是他的目标。故选C。
29．句意：梅兰芳最大的目标之一就是去美国，经过八年的努力，他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。A. dreams"梦想"；B. controls"控制"；C. attempts"努力"；D. trades"贸易"。根据空前"after cight years of"；以及空后"he and his opera group finally brought Beijing Opera to the USA"可知，在努力了八年后他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。故选C。
30．句意：梅兰芳把他的一生献给了京剧艺术。A. sacrificed"牺牲"；B. brought"带来"；C. risked "冒险"；D. devoted"奉献"。根据空后"his whole life to the art of Beijing Opera"可知，梅兰芳把他的一生献给了京剧艺术。故选D。
31．句意：他不断试图提高自己的艺术水平，为舞台创造了许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。A. ultimately "最终"；B. mostly"多半，主要地"；C. absolutely"绝对地，完全地"；D. constantly"不断地"。根据空后"improve his own artistry"可知，他不断努力提高自己的艺术水平。故选D。
32．句意：他不断试图提高自己的艺术水平，为舞台创造了许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。A. characters "人物，角色"；B. experiences"经历"；C. stars"星星"；D. lives"生命"。根据空前"creating many unforgettable and beautiful"；以及空后"for the stage"可知，他创造了舞台上许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。故选A。
33．句意：他的风格被称为"梅兰芳派"，一种独特的优雅风格，至今仍是最受欢迎的京剧风格之一。A. merely"仅仅"；B. uniquely"独特地"；C. entirely"完全"；D. barely"几乎不"。根据空后"graceful style"可知，"梅兰芳派"是一种独特的优雅风格，故选B。
34．句意：在他50多年的舞台生涯中，梅兰芳继承了过去的传统，并改编了最好的部分，创造了新的部分，丰富了旧的京剧形式。A. adapted"改编"；B. deserted"抛弃"；C. drew"拉"；D. declined"拒绝"。根据上文"to create new and enrich old forms of Beijing Opera"可知，他改编了最好的部分，创造了新的部分，丰富了旧的京剧形式。故选A。
35．句意：尽管这位伟大的歌剧大师如今已跻身历史英雄之列，但他为他的人民和子孙后代留下了一笔文化财富。A. brought out"使显现"；B. left behind"留下"；C. gave out"分发"；D. filled up"加满"。根据空后"a legacy of cultural wealth for his people and for all future generations"可知，他为后代留下了一笔文化财富。故选B。
【答案】36．A
37．D
38．D
39．A
40．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类皮肤的功能，及皮肤烧伤级别和特征。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch."皮肤的功能也非常复杂：它可以保暖或降温；它可以防止你的身体失去太多的水分；它是你感到冷、热或疼痛的地方，它给了你触觉。可知，皮肤可以保暖和降温，所以皮肤可以调节体温。故选A。
37．考查细节理解。根据 Causes of burns 部分中的"You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc. ), the sun, electricity or chemicals."你可能会被各种东西烫伤:热液体、蒸汽、火、辐射(通过靠近高温或火等)、太阳、电或化学物质。可知，心脏病不是引起皮肤烧伤的原因。故选D。
38．考查细节理解。根据 Types of burns 部分中的"There are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned."烧伤有三种类型。根据烧伤的皮肤层不同，烧伤分为一级、二级或三级。可知，皮肤烧伤是根据烧伤皮肤表面的深度分类的。故选D。
39．考查细节理解。根据Second degree burns部分中的"rough, red and swollen; watery surface"表面粗糙、红肿、水样，可知，二级烧伤皮肤可能会红肿，看起来很湿。故选A。
40．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的" First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns."急救是治疗烧伤非常重要的第一步；以及下文小标题"Causes of burns"烧伤原因；"Types of burns"烧伤类型和"Characteristics of burns"烧伤特征，的具体内容的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了人类皮肤的功能，及皮肤烧伤级别和特征，应选自急救手册。故选B。
【答案】41．C
42．C
43．B
44．D
45．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了来自曼西的Kasia Shelton因从当地一家经销商那里偷车去面试而被捕，并介绍了事情的起因经过以及最后对Shelton的可能处罚。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Kasia Shelton from Muncie has been arrested for stealing a vehicle from a local dealership (经销商)."来自曼西的Kasia Shelton因从当地一家经销商那里偷车而被捕。可知，Shelton被捕是因为她偷了一辆车。故选C。
42．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"On the day, Shelton arrived at RDI Motors in Muncie and asked an employee to see a certain 2013 Kia Optima. He showed the car to Shelton and we can only assume he talked in length about its great condition for its age, the features, and the reliability. The employee later told the police that Shelton seemed interested in the car and asked to take it for a test drive."当天，Shelton来到位于曼西的RDI汽车公司，让一名员工看一辆2013年的起亚Optima。他把车拿给Shelton看，我们只能假设他长篇大论地谈论了它的年代、特点和可靠性。这名员工后来告诉警方，谢尔顿似乎对这辆车很感兴趣，并要求试驾。可推知，在向Shelton介绍2013款起亚Optima时，员工的态度是负责的。故选C。
43．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"But while he was talking to her and preparing the car for a drive, the dealership's telephone kept ringing and ringing. He said that he had to excuse himself constantly to go pick up the phone, yet there was never anybody on the other end of the line."但是，当他和她说话，准备开车的时候，经销商的电话一直响个不停。他说他不得不经常找借口去接电话，但电话那头根本没人。可知，是神秘电话阻止了那个员工带Shelton去试驾。故选B。
44．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的"The police said they were able to connect the car to Shelton because she had filled out an online form on RDI Motors' website."警方表示，他们能够将这辆车与Shelton联系起来，是因为她在RDI汽车公司的网站上填写了一份在线表格。可知，警察是通过Shelton留在网站上的个人信息找到她的。故选D。
45．考查句义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的"When the police later showed up at Shelton's door, she seemed confused and thought the officers were pulling off some kind of a joke. She genuinely didn't seem to understand what she was getting arrested for. After all, she returned the Kia to the dealership once she was done with her trip. She didn't plan to keep it"当警察后来出现在Shelton家门口时，她似乎很困惑，以为警察在开什么玩笑。她真的不明白自己为什么被捕。毕竟，她一结束旅行就把起亚还给了经销商。她没打算留着这辆车，所以她认为不值得为这件小事逮捕她。可推知划线部分"what's the big____deal "意思是：这件小事值得逮捕吗？，故选B。
【答案】46．D
47．B
48．A
49．C
50．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能与人类之间的关系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
46．考查细节理解。根据第二段"Yet others are comforted by the thought of AI. Maybe with AI. robots can be made to replace loved ones who have died. Today, the creation of an all-powerful computer capable of human thought is still in progress. We have companion (陪伴) robots, and it is likely that they will grow more important in our lives as time goes by. However, the need for such robots does not seem to be as critical as our need for intelligent machines that can solve problems by learning from their observations and experience. "然而，另一些人对人工智能的想法感到欣慰。也许是人工智能。机器人可以用来代替死去的亲人。今天，制造一台能理解人类思想的全能计算机仍在进行中。我们有伴侣机器人，随着时间的推移，它们很可能会在我们的生活中变得越来越重要。然而，对这种机器人的需求似乎没有我们对智能机器的需求那么重要，智能机器可以通过观察和经验来解决问题。可知，相比之下，人类更需要人工智能机器来帮助我们解决问题，而不是陪伴机器人。故选D。
47．考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的"industries that use robots for repetitive or dangerous work often turn to AI to manage these electronic workers."可知，这是一个主从复合句，主句是industries often turn to AI to manage these electronic workers"工业通常转向人工智能来管理这些电子工人"，定语从句是that use robots for repetitive or dangerous work"使用机器人进行重复或危险的工作的"。AI is often used to manage robots on production lines"人工智能通常用于管理生产线上的机器人"与划线句意思相近。故选B。
48．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"For example, AI is already being used with great success in Internet search engines and as a personal assistant in our smartphones. It learns from our habits to help us find what we want and like. "例如，人工智能已经在互联网搜索引擎和智能手机的个人助理中获得了巨大的成功。它从我们的习惯中学习，帮助我们找到我们想要和喜欢的东西。可知，智能手机已经拥有人工智能技术。故选A。
49．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"The AI of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. "今天的人工智能已经在许多领域证明了它对人类的优越性。可知，作者对人工智能的态度是乐观的。故选C。
50．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"Many people are also concerned that AI will be used to replace humans. "许多人还担心人工智能将被用来取代人类；以及第三段中的"The AI of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. "今天的人工智能已经在许多领域证明了它对人类的优越性。可知，本文主要探讨了人工智能与人类之间的关系。故选C。
【答案】51．D
52．A
53．C
54．B
55．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，认为太空探索给人类带来了众多益处，应当继续开展太空探索。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
51．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases (致命疾病). However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us. "全球各国都在各种太空任务上花费了数十亿美元和大量时间，无论是去火星还是去其他更远的星球。有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱探索太空。相反，我们应该养活世界上的穷人，并立即找到解决其他问题的办法，比如污染和致命疾病。然而，其他人认为这是一种肤浅的观点，没有意识到探索太空对我们的帮助。可知，本段先引入太空探索的话题，然后介绍了两种对立的看法，再结合下文陈述的太空探索的好处可推知，作者的意图是展现争论，提出论点。故选D。
52．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. "许多卫星记录陆地和天气模式的数据。可知，卫星可以收集陆地和天气变化的信息。故选A。
53．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. "其次，太空探索已经促进了技术进步，使我们所有人受益。得益于最初是为了满足太空探索的要求而创造的先进技术，现在世界各地的高端产品都达到了更高的标准；以及"Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products such as GPS, memory foam pillows (记忆棉枕头), and smartphone cameras are changing our lives. "今天，空间技术被广泛应用于各种行业，GPS、记忆棉枕头和智能手机相机等日常产品正在改变我们的生活。可知，本段围绕太空探索对技术进步的促进展开，说明太空探索带来的先进技术促使高端产品标准的提升，各种相关的日常产品在改变我们的生活。可推知，作者想表达我们的日常生活受益于空间技术的发展。故选C。
54．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are limited. In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. "最后，将宇航员送入太空有助于人们思考世界上的问题，甚至找到解决问题的方法。看到地球像黑海中的一个岛屿的照片，人们意识到我们星球的资源是有限的。为了养活如此迅速增长的人口，科学家们正在努力寻找其他行星，有朝一日可能成为我们的新家。可知，太空探索有助于人们思考人类面临的资源有限的问题，激励科学家寻找适宜人类居住的行星，解决该问题。因此，作者想表达太空探索有助于发现和解决地球上的问题。故选B。
55．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems. "最后，探索太空为世界提供了许多不同的好处。因此，它应该继续下去，以便为人们的短期和长期问题提供新的更好的解决方案。可知，作者认为太空探索具有积极意义，给人类带来了众多益处，并从三个方面论述了这些益处，主张应继续开展太空探索。可推知，作者的写作目的是说明探索太空的重要性。故选C。
【答案】56．To cross the Antarctic via the South Pole.
57．Because it sank into the sea
58．Moving.
59．He led five men to South Geode's permanent camp to seek assistance.
60．He is brave and supportive/a source of strength. Because he could do anything to save his crew.
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了1914年8月8日，27个人踏上了经由南极点穿越南极的旅程，途中他们的船沉没了，多亏了Shackleton最后船员才得救。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和开放题三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而写出正确答案。
56．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The aim of the journey was to cross the frozen continent via the South Pole — a journey of 1, 800 miles."这次旅行的目的是通过南极点穿越冰封的大陆 —— 全程1800英里。可知，这次冒险的目的是经由南极点穿越南极。故答案为To cross the Antarctic via the South Pole.
57．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea. They then headed north, pulling three lifeboats behind them." Shackleton和他的船员们看着"耐力号"沉入冰冷的大海。然后他们拉着三艘救生艇向北驶去。可知，他们离开耐力号是因为它沉入大海了。故答案为Because it sank into the sea.
58．考查词义猜测。根据第四段"After six days, bad weather forced them to give up and the men set up camp on a sheet of ice which began slowly moving across the Antarctic Circle."六天后，恶劣的天气迫使他们放弃，他们在一片开始慢慢横跨南极圈的冰层上扎营；以及第五段中的"Then, on 16th April, 1915, Shackleton saw land."1915年4月16日，沙克尔顿终于看到了陆地；和"It was Elephant Island — a large rock with nothing growing on it, but much better than a"那是大象岛——一块大岩石，上面什么也没有长，但比……好得多，可知，他们看到的陆地是象岛——一块没有长什么东西的大岩石，但是比一块移动的冰要好得多了。故划线词意思是"移动的"。故答案为Moving.
59．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"He and five men would take one of the lifeboats, and sail 800 miles to South Georgia, where there was a permanent camp. They could then return to rescue the rest of the men."他和五个人将乘坐一艘救生艇，航行800英里到达南乔治亚岛，那里有一个永久的营地。然后他们可以回来营救其余的人。可知，沙克尔顿带领五个人到南高德的永久营地寻求帮助，拯救了所有船员的生命的。故答案为He led five men to South Geode's permanent camp to seek assistance.
60．考查开放题。根据最后一段"It took Shackleton 17 days to reach South Georgia. Unfortunately he landed on the wrong side of the island, and had to walk 36 hours over mountains to reach the camp. The whale hunters at the camp couldn't believe their eyes when they saw the six men walking down from the mountains. Shackleton kept his promise. More than three months later, be returned to Elephant Island to rescue the crew he had been forced to abandon. He had failed to reach the pole—but he had saved the lives of all his men."沙克尔顿号花了17天才到达南乔治亚岛。不幸的是，他落在了岛的另一边，不得不走36个小时的山路才能到达营地。当营地里的捕鲸人看到那六个人从山上走下来时，他们简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。沙克尔顿遵守了他的诺言。三个多月后，他回到象岛营救他被迫抛弃的船员。他没能到达极点——但他救了所有同伴的命)"可回答：他很勇敢，支持我/给我力量。因为他可以做任何事来救他的船员。故答案为He is brave and supportive/a source of strength. Because he could do anything to save his crew.
61．【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以 晨光中学的李津 的身份 回复邮件 。写作背景：你的英国朋友Chris在最近的一封邮件中提到, 自己视力下降厉害很是苦恼, 希望得到你的帮助。写做要点已经给出，属于提纲类类作文，内容包括：（1）安慰对方； （2）分析可能导致他视力下降的原因： （3）提出帮助他改善视力的建议（方法）。 考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并结合提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
1 / 1天津市南开区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
一、第一部分：英语知识运用，第一节：单项填空，从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共15小题：每小题1分, 满分15分）
1．（2023高三上·南开期末） —Can you take me on a trip this summer vacation
— ____I can take you where you want to go.
A．Sure thing B．Forget it
C．That depends D．Absolutely not
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——这个暑假你能带我去旅行吗？——当然，我可以带你去你想去的地方。A. Sure thing"当然"；B. Forget it"算了"； C. That depends"那要看情况"；D. Absolutely not"绝不"。根据下文"I can take you where you want to go"以及语境可知，这里应表示同意。故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分Sure thing；Forget it；That depends和Absolutely not的含义和使用环境。
2．（2023高三上·南开期末） He's become the ____for a lot of criticism recently.
A．pressure B．target C．function D．trick
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他最近成了许多批评的对象。A.pressure"压力"；B. target"目标"；C. function "功能"；D. trick"技巧"。根据"a lot of criticism"以及句意可知，这里指他成为许多批评的"目标"。故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分pressure；target；function和trick的含义。
3．（2023高三上·南开期末） Although he was poor, he was quite ____to his needy friends.
A．typical B．generous C．adequate D．identical
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然他很穷，但他对需要帮助的朋友却很慷慨。A. typical"典型的"；B. generous "慷慨的"；C. adequate"足够的"；D. identical"完全相同的"。根据"Although he was poor"和"to his needy friends"可知，句子表示"虽然他很穷，但他对需要帮助的朋友却很慷慨"，因此空格处意为"慷慨的"。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分typical；generous；adequate和identical的含义。
4．（2023高三上·南开期末） Every customer coming here must do the warm-up exercise before ____swimming. That's our regulation.
A．catching up with B．getting on with
C．getting down to D．putting up with
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：每个来这里的顾客在开始游泳前都必须做热身运动。这是我们的规定。A. catching up with" 赶上"；B. getting on with"继续（干某事）"；C. getting down to"着手做"；D. putting up with"忍受"。由swimming和句意可知，这里表示"开始着手"游泳前需要热身。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分catch up with；get on with；get down to和put up with的含义。
5．（2023高三上·南开期末） Keep down! You ____let anyone sec you.
A．needn't B．daren't C．mustn't D．won't
【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：蹲下！一定不要让人看见你。A. needn't"不需要，不必"；B. daren't"不敢"；C. mustn't"不能，不可"；D. won't"不会"。根据"Keep down!"可知，此处发出命令要求对方蹲下，表示不能让任何人看见"你"。故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词词义辨析，区分needn't；daren't；mustn't和won't的含义和应用。
6．（2023高三上·南开期末） It is unclear ____the results of this test will convince a judge.
A．what B．whether C．why D．that
【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：目前还不清楚这次测试的结果是否能说服法官。 ____the results of this test will convince a judge 是主语从句，it为形式主语，由It is unclear以及句意可知，这里应用连接词whether，表"是否"，符合句意。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whether引导的主语从句。
7．（2023高三上·南开期末） If you do not know who you are, what are your interests and values, you can hardly act ____yourself.
A．in addition to B．in return for
C．in terms of D．in agreement with
【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你不知道你是谁，你的兴趣和价值观是什么，你很难与自己达成一致。A. in addition to"除……之外"；B. in return for"作为……的回报"；C.in terms of"就……而言，从……方面（说来）"；D. in agreement with"同意，与……一致"。根据"If you do not know who you are, what are your interests and values, you can hardly act"可知，in agreement with意思合适。故选D。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in addition to；in return for；in terms of和in agreement with的含义。
8．（2023高三上·南开期末） The restaurant ____they serve fried chicken is my favorite.
A．which B．when C．that D．where
【答案】D
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：他们供应炸鸡的那家餐馆是我的最爱。 ____they serve fried chicken 是限制性定语从句，先行词为The restaurant，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
9．（2023高三上·南开期末） My washing machine ____this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A．is repairing B．has been repaired
C．is being repaired D．repaired
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修理，所以我不得不手洗衣服。此处是谓语动词，因为machine和repair之间时被动关系，应用被动语态，再根据下文"I have to wash my clothes by hand"我必须手洗衣服，可知，洗衣机应该是"正在被修理"，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查时态、语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
10．（2023高三上·南开期末） They decided to ____their old furniture to charity.
A．give away B．hang on C．hand down D．get down
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他们决定把旧家具捐给慈善机构。A. give away"赠送"；B. hang on"坚持"；C. hand down"传给"；D. get down"咽下，写下"。由charity以及句意可知，这里指把旧家具"赠送"给慈善机构。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分give away；hang on；hand down和get down的含义。
11．（2023高三上·南开期末） Exhibits include pottery（器）____back to the 3rd Century BC and coins from the 17th Century.
A．being dated B．to be dated C．dating D．to date
【答案】C
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：展品包括公元前3世纪的陶器和17世纪的硬币。本句谓语为include，此处应用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语pottery与date back to"追溯到"为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语，修饰名词pottery。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作定语。
12．（2023高三上·南开期末） —Got to fly. See you around.
—Bye. ____.
A．Catch you later B．Go ahead
C．That's really something D．Don't bother me
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：--必须飞起来。回头见。--再见。待会儿见。A. Catch you later"待会儿见"；B. Go ahead"去吧"；C. That's really something"真了不起"；D. Don't bother me"别打扰我"。根据"See you around"和句意可知，这里应表示"待会儿见"。故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分Catch you later；Go ahead；That's really something和Don't bother me的含义和使用环境。
13．（2023高三上·南开期末） Since 1993, the number of people living in Old Montreal ____from 100 to 6, 000.
A．has grown B．have grown C．is growing D．are growing
【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：自1993年以来，居住在老蒙特利尔的人口已经从100人增加到6000人。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语Since 1993可知，用现在完成时态，the number of...作主语，表示"……的数量"，谓语动词用单数形式。综上，谓语动词grow用现在完成时单数形式。故选A。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成时以及the number of...的应用。
14．（2023高三上·南开期末） They had to buy their own copies rather than waiting to borrow ____.
A．it B．that C．this D．one
【答案】D
【知识点】不定代词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们不得不自己购买，而不是等着借阅一本。one"一个，一本"，表示泛指，指代上文提到过的同类事物中的一个，但不是上文提到的那一个事物，即"同类不同物"。it"它"代替上文提到的东西。this"这个"是指示代词，一般指较近的事物，不能代替前面的东西。that指示代词，意为"那、那个"，that和it表示特指。本句中泛指"一本"，故选D。
【点评】考查代词，本题涉及不定代词one的应用。
15．（2023高三上·南开期末） ____I had the talent to play tennis, I couldn't stand the pressure.
A．Even if B．As though C．Ever since D．Now that
【答案】A
【知识点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：即使我有打网球的天赋，我也受不了这种压力。A. Even if "即使"；B. As though"好像"； C. Ever since"自从"； D. Now that"既然"。分析句子可知，此空前后两句有转折含义，所以应用Even if引导，构成让步状语从句。故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及even if引导的让步状语从句。
二、第一部分：英语知识运用，第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
Talking about Beijing Opera, we cannot forget to mention one of its greatest performers: Mei Lanfang, a brilliant artist who played an important role in bringing Beijing Opera to the world. Mei Lanfang was born in Beijing in 1894. He started to learn the 16． of Beijing Opera at the age of eight and made his on-stage debut（首次登台） at age eleven. Mei Lanfang worked hard to learn as much as possible from the great artists and 17． of Beijing Opera, and by the age of 20, he had become a（n） 18． actor in Beijing Opera's dan role（角）.
Mei Lanfang quickly became well-known among Chinese audiences 19． his acting skill. Mei Lanfang's skill opened doors for him to become friends with people from all over the world, as he often 20． guests from other countries who wanted to meet the young actor. As Mei Lanfang 21． to know ambassadors （大使）, European royal families, and celebrities from 22． , he 23． bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world, so that even more people from other countries might understand and 24． the beauty of Chinese culture and art.
And so, in 1919, Mei Lanfang began to travel abroad, 25． performances in Japan and the Soviet Union（苏联）. His 26． were a great success; audiences were fascinated by this 27． opera from the Orient（东方）. One of Mei Lanfang's greatest 28． was to visit the United States, and after cight years of 29． , he and his opera group finally brought Beijing Opera to the USA.
Mei Lanfang 30． his whole life to the art of Beijing Opera. He 31． sought to improve his own artistry, creating many unforgettable and beautiful 32． for the stage. His style became known as the "Mei Lanfang school （梅派）", a（n） 33． graceful style, and is still one of the most popular styles of Beijing Opera today.
Mei Lanfang died in 1961 of heart disease. During his more than 50 years on the stage, Mei Lanfang took traditions from the past and 34． the best parts to create new and enrich old forms of Beijing Opera. Although this great opera master has now joined the heroes of history, he 35． a legacy of cultural wealth for his people and for all future generations.
16．A． name B． history C． art D． tradition
17．A． celebrities B． masters C． fans D． audiences
18．A． assistant B． amateur C． supporting D． leading
19．A． for B． as C． with D． by
20．A． entertained B． avoided C． fooled D． gathered
21．A． needed B． wanted C． got D． learned
22．A． heart B． abroad C． world D． community
23．A． came to B． agreed to
C． got down to D． longed to
24．A． maintain B． polish C． identify D． appreciate
25．A． showing B． taking C． giving D． playing
26．A． tours B． fames C． reforms D． routines
27．A． valued B． elegant C． opened D． honored
28．A． approaches B． responses C． goals D． shames
29．A． dreams B． controls C． attempts D． trades
30．A． sacrificed B． brought C． risked D． devoted
31．A． ultimately B． mostly C． absolutely D． constantly
32．A． characters B． experiences C． stars D． lives
33．A． merely B． uniquely C． entirely D． barely
34．A． adapted B． deserted C． drew D． declined
35．A． brought out B． left behind
C． gave out D． filled up
【答案】16．C；17．B；18．D；19．A；20．A；21．C；22．B；23．D；24．D；25．C；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．C；30．D；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．A；35．B
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了梅兰芳的生平及突出贡献。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：他8岁开始学习京剧艺术，11岁首次登台演出。A. name"名字"；B. history"历史"；C. art"艺术"；D. tradition"传统"。根据空后"Beijing Opera"可知，京剧是一门艺术。下文"the art of Beijing Opera"也是提示。故选C。
17．句意：梅兰芳努力学习，尽可能多地向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角。A. celebrities"名人"；B. masters"大师"；C. fans"粉丝，狂热爱好者"；D. audiences"观众"。根据空前"learn as much as possible from the great artists and"可知，他肯定是向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，故选B。
18．句意：梅兰芳努力学习，尽可能多地向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角。A. assistant"助理的"；B. amateur"业余的"；C. supporting"支持的"；D. leading"主要的"。根据空后"actor in Beijing Opera's dan role"和客观事实可知，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角，故选D。
19．句意：梅兰芳因其演技迅速在中国观众中成名。A. for"因为"；B. as"作为"；C. with"和"；D. by"被"。根据空前"became well-known"；以及空后"his acting skill"可知，梅兰芳因其演技迅速在中国观众中成名，be well-known for固定短语，"因……而闻名"，故选A。
20．句意：梅兰芳的技巧为他打开了与世界各地的人成为朋友的大门，因为他经常招待来自其他国家的客人，他们想见见这位年轻的演员。A. entertained"招待"；B. avoided"避免"；C. fooled"愚弄"；D. gathered"集中"。根据空前"become friends with people from all over the world"可知，他与世界各地的人成为朋友，因此是招待来自其他国家的客人。故选A。
21．句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. needed"需要"；B. wanted"想要"；C. got "得到"；D. learned"学习"。根据空后"bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world"可知，随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，get to know固定短语，"逐渐认识"。故选C。
22．句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. heart"心"；B. abroad"外国"；C. world "世界"；D. community"社区"。根据空前"ambassadors (大使), European royal families, and celebrities"；以及空后"bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world"可知，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。故选B。
23．句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. came to"来到"；B. agreed to"同意"；C. got down to"开始认真对待"；D. longed to"渴望"。根据空后"bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world"可知，把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，这是他渴望做的。故选D。
24．句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. maintain"保持"；B. polish"擦亮"；C. identify"鉴别"；D. appreciate"欣赏"。根据空后"the beauty of Chinese culture and art"可知，此处表示欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。故选D。
25．句意：因此，1919年，梅兰芳开始出国旅行，在日本和苏联演出。A. showing"展示"；B. taking "拿走"；C. giving"给"；D. playing"弹奏"。根据空后"performances in Japan and the Soviet Union"和客观事实可知，梅兰芳在日本和苏联演出，give performances固定短语，"表演"。故选C。
26．句意：他的旅行非常成功。A. tours"旅行"；B. fames"名声"；C. reforms"改革"；D. routines "常规，惯例"。根据上文"travel abroad"可知，他出国旅游，他的旅行是非常成功的。故选A。
27．句意：观众被这部来自东方的高雅歌剧迷住了。A. valued"重要的"；B. elegant"高雅的"；C. opened"开的"；D. honored"光荣的"。根据空后"opera from the Orient"可知，此处表示来自东方的高雅歌剧。故选B。
28．句意：梅兰芳最大的目标之一就是去美国，经过八年的努力，他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。A. approaches"方法"；B. responses"回答"；C. goals"目标"；D. shames"羞耻"。根据空后"visit the United States"可知，去美国是他的目标。故选C。
29．句意：梅兰芳最大的目标之一就是去美国，经过八年的努力，他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。A. dreams"梦想"；B. controls"控制"；C. attempts"努力"；D. trades"贸易"。根据空前"after cight years of"；以及空后"he and his opera group finally brought Beijing Opera to the USA"可知，在努力了八年后他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。故选C。
30．句意：梅兰芳把他的一生献给了京剧艺术。A. sacrificed"牺牲"；B. brought"带来"；C. risked "冒险"；D. devoted"奉献"。根据空后"his whole life to the art of Beijing Opera"可知，梅兰芳把他的一生献给了京剧艺术。故选D。
31．句意：他不断试图提高自己的艺术水平，为舞台创造了许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。A. ultimately "最终"；B. mostly"多半，主要地"；C. absolutely"绝对地，完全地"；D. constantly"不断地"。根据空后"improve his own artistry"可知，他不断努力提高自己的艺术水平。故选D。
32．句意：他不断试图提高自己的艺术水平，为舞台创造了许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。A. characters "人物，角色"；B. experiences"经历"；C. stars"星星"；D. lives"生命"。根据空前"creating many unforgettable and beautiful"；以及空后"for the stage"可知，他创造了舞台上许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。故选A。
33．句意：他的风格被称为"梅兰芳派"，一种独特的优雅风格，至今仍是最受欢迎的京剧风格之一。A. merely"仅仅"；B. uniquely"独特地"；C. entirely"完全"；D. barely"几乎不"。根据空后"graceful style"可知，"梅兰芳派"是一种独特的优雅风格，故选B。
34．句意：在他50多年的舞台生涯中，梅兰芳继承了过去的传统，并改编了最好的部分，创造了新的部分，丰富了旧的京剧形式。A. adapted"改编"；B. deserted"抛弃"；C. drew"拉"；D. declined"拒绝"。根据上文"to create new and enrich old forms of Beijing Opera"可知，他改编了最好的部分，创造了新的部分，丰富了旧的京剧形式。故选A。
35．句意：尽管这位伟大的歌剧大师如今已跻身历史英雄之列，但他为他的人民和子孙后代留下了一笔文化财富。A. brought out"使显现"；B. left behind"留下"；C. gave out"分发"；D. filled up"加满"。根据空后"a legacy of cultural wealth for his people and for all future generations"可知，他为后代留下了一笔文化财富。故选B。
三、第二部分：阅读理解，阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。（共20小题：每小题2.5分, 满分50分）
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读理解
The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers（层） of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns.
Causes of burns
You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation （by being close to high heat or fire, etc. ）, the sun, electricity or chemicals.
Types of burns
There are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned.
First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a mordent （熨烫熨斗）.
Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by hot liquids.
Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.
Characteristics of burns
First degree burns
dry, red and mildly swollen（肿胀的）
mildly painful
turn white when pressed
Second degree burns
rough, red and swollen
watery surface
extremely painful
Third degree burns
black and white and charred （烧焦的）
swollen; often tissue under them can be seen
little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain around edge of injured area
36．According to Paragraph 1, the functions of the skin include ____.
A．regulating body temperature
B．reflecting the sun's harmful rays
C．speeding up water loss
D．absorbing poisons automatically
37．According to Paragraph 2, which of the following may NOT be the cause of burns
A．Boiling oil. B．Hot chocolate.
C．Electric shocks. D．Heart attacks.
38．How are burn grades divided
A．Depending on the speed of the burn.
B．Depending on the location of the burn.
C．Depending on how many layers of skin there are.
D．Depending on how deep and severe they burn the surface of the skin.
39．According to the author, which of the following is a second-degree burn
A．Your skin may be bright red, swollen, and look wet.
B．The bur site appears white or charred and there is no feeling in the area.
C．Your skin may be red and painful, and you may experience mild swelling.
D．Instead of turning red, your skin may appear black, brown, white or yellow.
40．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A course guide. B．A first aid brochure.
C．A hospital advertisement. D．A business magazine.
【答案】36．A
37．D
38．D
39．A
40．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类皮肤的功能，及皮肤烧伤级别和特征。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch."皮肤的功能也非常复杂：它可以保暖或降温；它可以防止你的身体失去太多的水分；它是你感到冷、热或疼痛的地方，它给了你触觉。可知，皮肤可以保暖和降温，所以皮肤可以调节体温。故选A。
37．考查细节理解。根据 Causes of burns 部分中的"You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc. ), the sun, electricity or chemicals."你可能会被各种东西烫伤:热液体、蒸汽、火、辐射(通过靠近高温或火等)、太阳、电或化学物质。可知，心脏病不是引起皮肤烧伤的原因。故选D。
38．考查细节理解。根据 Types of burns 部分中的"There are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned."烧伤有三种类型。根据烧伤的皮肤层不同，烧伤分为一级、二级或三级。可知，皮肤烧伤是根据烧伤皮肤表面的深度分类的。故选D。
39．考查细节理解。根据Second degree burns部分中的"rough, red and swollen; watery surface"表面粗糙、红肿、水样，可知，二级烧伤皮肤可能会红肿，看起来很湿。故选A。
40．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的" First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns."急救是治疗烧伤非常重要的第一步；以及下文小标题"Causes of burns"烧伤原因；"Types of burns"烧伤类型和"Characteristics of burns"烧伤特征，的具体内容的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了人类皮肤的功能，及皮肤烧伤级别和特征，应选自急救手册。故选B。
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读理解
You have to get to your job interview, but you don't have access to an automobile. How would you solve this dilemma （困境）？ Most people would probably call an Uber or perhaps ask a friend or family member for a ride. But not this Indiana woman. Kasia Shelton from Muncie has been arrested for stealing a vehicle from a local dealership （经销商）. According to police reports, the 20-year-old used the 2013 Kia Optima to drive to a job interview in Indianapolis.
The auto theft happened on Monday, October 9. On the day, Shelton arrived at RDI Motors in Muncie and asked an employee to see a certain 2013 Kia Optima. He showed the car to Shelton and we can only assume he talked in length about its great condition for its age, the features, and the reliability. The employee later told the police that Shelton seemed interested in the car and asked to take it for a test drive. But while he was talking to her and preparing the car for a drive, the dealership's telephone kept ringing and ringing. He said that he had to excuse himself constantly to go pick up the phone, yet there was never anybody on the other end of the line. The last time the phone rang was just as the employee had gotten the car ready for Shelton to take it for a test drive. When he got back from the phone, Shelton and the Kia were gone.
The RDI employee immediately called the Muncie Police Department. The police then began using the Flock camera surveillance system（监控系统） in an attempt to spot the car. A while later, they saw the car again, this time returning to Muncie. After that, the cameras lost the car, but we now know that Shelton drove it back to RDI Motors. Finding out wasn't too difficult. The police said they were able to connect the car to Shelton because she had filled out an online form on RDI Motors' website.
When the police later showed up at Shelton's door, she seemed confused and thought the officers were pulling off some kind of a joke. She genuinely didn't seem to understand what she was getting arrested for. After all, she returned the Kia to the dealership once she was done with her trip. She didn't plan to keep it, so what's the big____deal
Whether she understood the reason why or not, Shelton was arrested. She has been charged with auto theft, which could land her in prison for up to two and a half years.
41．Why was Shelton arrested
A．Because she got a job interview.
B．Because she didn't call an Uber.
C．Because she stole a car.
D．Because she drove a 2013 Kia Optima.
42．What was the attitude of the employee when introducing the 2013 Kia Optima to Shelton
A．Uninterested. B．Negative. C．Responsible. D．Intolerable.
43．What stopped the employee from taking Shelton to the test drive
A．Some other clients. B．Mysterious phone calls.
C．Shelton's attitude. D．His colleagues' calls.
44．How did the police find Shelton
A．By searching the Flock camera surveillance system.
B．Through the interview company.
C．By inquiring RDI motors' employees.
D．Through the personal information she left on the site.
45．The underlined part "what's the big deal " in Paragraph 4 can be understood as ____.
A．Don't you think that's the reason you arrest me
B．Is this small thing worth an arrest
C．Is this a deal
D．Do you think I should buy the car
【答案】41．C
42．C
43．B
44．D
45．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了来自曼西的Kasia Shelton因从当地一家经销商那里偷车去面试而被捕，并介绍了事情的起因经过以及最后对Shelton的可能处罚。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Kasia Shelton from Muncie has been arrested for stealing a vehicle from a local dealership (经销商)."来自曼西的Kasia Shelton因从当地一家经销商那里偷车而被捕。可知，Shelton被捕是因为她偷了一辆车。故选C。
42．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"On the day, Shelton arrived at RDI Motors in Muncie and asked an employee to see a certain 2013 Kia Optima. He showed the car to Shelton and we can only assume he talked in length about its great condition for its age, the features, and the reliability. The employee later told the police that Shelton seemed interested in the car and asked to take it for a test drive."当天，Shelton来到位于曼西的RDI汽车公司，让一名员工看一辆2013年的起亚Optima。他把车拿给Shelton看，我们只能假设他长篇大论地谈论了它的年代、特点和可靠性。这名员工后来告诉警方，谢尔顿似乎对这辆车很感兴趣，并要求试驾。可推知，在向Shelton介绍2013款起亚Optima时，员工的态度是负责的。故选C。
43．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"But while he was talking to her and preparing the car for a drive, the dealership's telephone kept ringing and ringing. He said that he had to excuse himself constantly to go pick up the phone, yet there was never anybody on the other end of the line."但是，当他和她说话，准备开车的时候，经销商的电话一直响个不停。他说他不得不经常找借口去接电话，但电话那头根本没人。可知，是神秘电话阻止了那个员工带Shelton去试驾。故选B。
44．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的"The police said they were able to connect the car to Shelton because she had filled out an online form on RDI Motors' website."警方表示，他们能够将这辆车与Shelton联系起来，是因为她在RDI汽车公司的网站上填写了一份在线表格。可知，警察是通过Shelton留在网站上的个人信息找到她的。故选D。
45．考查句义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的"When the police later showed up at Shelton's door, she seemed confused and thought the officers were pulling off some kind of a joke. She genuinely didn't seem to understand what she was getting arrested for. After all, she returned the Kia to the dealership once she was done with her trip. She didn't plan to keep it"当警察后来出现在Shelton家门口时，她似乎很困惑，以为警察在开什么玩笑。她真的不明白自己为什么被捕。毕竟，她一结束旅行就把起亚还给了经销商。她没打算留着这辆车，所以她认为不值得为这件小事逮捕她。可推知划线部分"what's the big____deal "意思是：这件小事值得逮捕吗？，故选B。
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读理解
Is it possible to make machines think like humans This is one question in research in the field of Artificial Intelligence, or "AI" To think like a human, it involves feelings, morality, hopes, and dreams. Humans are capable of making decisions by themselves without input from others, and they can learn from experience. In addition, humans are able to create things from their own inspiration for their own pleasure. The question is whether machines can ever really think in all these aspects. The idea of a computer that is all-powerful and can think and make decisions for itself terrifies many people. In some films, Al even decides that all humans must be killed. Many people are also concerned that AI will be used to replace humans.
Yet others are comforted by the thought of Al. Maybe with AJ. robots can be made to replace loved ones who have died. Today, the creation of an all-powerful computer capable of human thought is still in progress. We have companion （陪伴） robots, and it is likely that they will grow more important in our lives as time goes by. However, the need for such robots does not seem to be as critical as our need for intelligent machines that can solve problems by learning from their observations and experience.
For example, AI is already being used with great success in Internet search engines and as a personal assistant in our smartphones. It learns from our habits to help us find what we want and like. Al is also used to diagnose （诊断） problems and suggest solutions. Researchers are also experimenting with the use of AI in driverless cars which can sense their surroundings and decide on the best way to reach a destination. It is also being used in education, particularly in online courses. Furthermore, industries that use robots for repetitive or dangerous work often turn to Al to manage these electronic workers. In addition, virtual assistants are also being used in some homes today. In the near future, it is likely that Al will be used to manage smart homes and handle an even greater variety of tasks such as setting out favourite clothes and helping us with our personal grooming （梳妆）. The Al of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. Do you think that we can create a robot that thinks like a human or one that is even more intelligent If so, is there truly a difference between AI and a human
46．What can we learn from Paragraphs 1 and 2
A．We already have all-powerful computers with the power of human thought.
B．One day the Al will decide on its own to wipe out humans.
C．Robots with AI have the potential to replace our loved ones.
D．In contrast, humans need artificial intelligence machines to help us solve problems rather than companion robots.
47．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Al will eventually be used to manage workers.
B．AI is often used to manage robots on production lines.
C．Industrial robots are completely different from electronic workers.
D．Industrial robots often turn to Al.
48．What could be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Al
A．Smartphones already have AI technology.
B．Al technology for driverless cars is already mature.
C．AJ has been being used to mange smart homes.
D．Artificial intelligence has proved its superiority over humanity in all fields.
49．What is the author's attitude towards Al
A．Short-sighted. B．Wait-and-see. C．Optimistic. D．Skeptical.
50．What makes the best title for the passage
A．Al Thinks Like Humans B．AI Robots
C．AI and Human Beings D．The Future of AI
【答案】46．D
47．B
48．A
49．C
50．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能与人类之间的关系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
46．考查细节理解。根据第二段"Yet others are comforted by the thought of AI. Maybe with AI. robots can be made to replace loved ones who have died. Today, the creation of an all-powerful computer capable of human thought is still in progress. We have companion (陪伴) robots, and it is likely that they will grow more important in our lives as time goes by. However, the need for such robots does not seem to be as critical as our need for intelligent machines that can solve problems by learning from their observations and experience. "然而，另一些人对人工智能的想法感到欣慰。也许是人工智能。机器人可以用来代替死去的亲人。今天，制造一台能理解人类思想的全能计算机仍在进行中。我们有伴侣机器人，随着时间的推移，它们很可能会在我们的生活中变得越来越重要。然而，对这种机器人的需求似乎没有我们对智能机器的需求那么重要，智能机器可以通过观察和经验来解决问题。可知，相比之下，人类更需要人工智能机器来帮助我们解决问题，而不是陪伴机器人。故选D。
47．考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的"industries that use robots for repetitive or dangerous work often turn to AI to manage these electronic workers."可知，这是一个主从复合句，主句是industries often turn to AI to manage these electronic workers"工业通常转向人工智能来管理这些电子工人"，定语从句是that use robots for repetitive or dangerous work"使用机器人进行重复或危险的工作的"。AI is often used to manage robots on production lines"人工智能通常用于管理生产线上的机器人"与划线句意思相近。故选B。
48．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"For example, AI is already being used with great success in Internet search engines and as a personal assistant in our smartphones. It learns from our habits to help us find what we want and like. "例如，人工智能已经在互联网搜索引擎和智能手机的个人助理中获得了巨大的成功。它从我们的习惯中学习，帮助我们找到我们想要和喜欢的东西。可知，智能手机已经拥有人工智能技术。故选A。
49．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"The AI of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. "今天的人工智能已经在许多领域证明了它对人类的优越性。可知，作者对人工智能的态度是乐观的。故选C。
50．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"Many people are also concerned that AI will be used to replace humans. "许多人还担心人工智能将被用来取代人类；以及第三段中的"The AI of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. "今天的人工智能已经在许多领域证明了它对人类的优越性。可知，本文主要探讨了人工智能与人类之间的关系。故选C。
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读理解
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases （致命疾病）. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. Then the data is transmitted （传送） to scientists on Earth. After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products such as GPS, memory foam pillows （记忆棉枕头）, and smartphone cameras are changing our lives.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are limited. In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems.
51．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ____.
A．propose a definition B．make a comparison
C．reach a conclusion D．present an argument
52．Which of the following is TRUE about the satellites
A．They can collect information of the land and weather changes.
B．They can provide useful recommendations for farmers.
C．They can fight against world hunger directly.
D．They can analyze the data and make suggestions.
53．What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3
A．Space exploration no longer requires high-end products.
B．High-end products cannot meet the needs of space exploration.
C．Our daily life has benefited from the development of space technology.
D．The development of new material is a must for space exploration.
54．What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 4
A．Space exploration has changed the way our planet works.
B．Space exploration helps to discover and solve Earth's problems.
C．In the future, all humans may have to move to Mars.
D．Resource shortage and population growth are already serious problems.
55．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A．To provide guidance on how to carry out space exploration.
B．To stress the need of promoting technology.
C．To state the importance of exploring space.
D．To suggest a way of meeting the requirements for space exploration.
【答案】51．D
52．A
53．C
54．B
55．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，认为太空探索给人类带来了众多益处，应当继续开展太空探索。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
51．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases (致命疾病). However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us. "全球各国都在各种太空任务上花费了数十亿美元和大量时间，无论是去火星还是去其他更远的星球。有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱探索太空。相反，我们应该养活世界上的穷人，并立即找到解决其他问题的办法，比如污染和致命疾病。然而，其他人认为这是一种肤浅的观点，没有意识到探索太空对我们的帮助。可知，本段先引入太空探索的话题，然后介绍了两种对立的看法，再结合下文陈述的太空探索的好处可推知，作者的意图是展现争论，提出论点。故选D。
52．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. "许多卫星记录陆地和天气模式的数据。可知，卫星可以收集陆地和天气变化的信息。故选A。
53．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. "其次，太空探索已经促进了技术进步，使我们所有人受益。得益于最初是为了满足太空探索的要求而创造的先进技术，现在世界各地的高端产品都达到了更高的标准；以及"Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products such as GPS, memory foam pillows (记忆棉枕头), and smartphone cameras are changing our lives. "今天，空间技术被广泛应用于各种行业，GPS、记忆棉枕头和智能手机相机等日常产品正在改变我们的生活。可知，本段围绕太空探索对技术进步的促进展开，说明太空探索带来的先进技术促使高端产品标准的提升，各种相关的日常产品在改变我们的生活。可推知，作者想表达我们的日常生活受益于空间技术的发展。故选C。
54．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are limited. In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. "最后，将宇航员送入太空有助于人们思考世界上的问题，甚至找到解决问题的方法。看到地球像黑海中的一个岛屿的照片，人们意识到我们星球的资源是有限的。为了养活如此迅速增长的人口，科学家们正在努力寻找其他行星，有朝一日可能成为我们的新家。可知，太空探索有助于人们思考人类面临的资源有限的问题，激励科学家寻找适宜人类居住的行星，解决该问题。因此，作者想表达太空探索有助于发现和解决地球上的问题。故选B。
55．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems. "最后，探索太空为世界提供了许多不同的好处。因此，它应该继续下去，以便为人们的短期和长期问题提供新的更好的解决方案。可知，作者认为太空探索具有积极意义，给人类带来了众多益处，并从三个方面论述了这些益处，主张应继续开展太空探索。可推知，作者的写作目的是说明探索太空的重要性。故选C。
四、第三部分：写作，第一节：阅读表达（共5小题：每小题2分, 满分10分）
（2023高三上·南开期末） 阅读短文, 按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
On 8th August, 1914, 27 men who had replied to an advertisement in The Times boarded a ship leaving for the Antarctic （南极洲）. The name of the ship was the Endurance and the captain was an Irishman called Ernest Shackleton.
The aim of the journey was to cross the frozen continent via the South Pole — a journey of 1, 800 miles. Shackleton thought the journey would last six months.
But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea. They then headed north, pulling three lifeboats behind them.
After six days, bad weather forced them to give up and the men set up camp on a sheet of ice which began slowly moving across the Antarctic Circle.
They survived on the ice for five months. Then, on 16th April, 1915, Shackleton saw land. It was Elephant Island-a large rock with nothing growing on it, but much better than a floating piece of ice. When they reached the island, Shackleton came up with an idea—it was a risk but he would have to take it. He and five men would take one of the lifeboats, and sail 800 miles to South Georgia, where there was a permanent camp. They could then return to rescue the rest of the men.
It took Shackleton 17 days to reach South Georgia. Unfortunately he landed on the wrong side of the island, and had to walk 36 hours over mountains to reach the camp. The whale hunters at the camp couldn't believe their eyes when they saw the six men walking down from the mountains. Shackleton kept his promise. More than three months later, be returned to Elephant Island to rescue the crew he had been forced to abandon. He had failed to reach the pole— but he had saved the lives of all his men.
56．What was the goal of the adventure （no more than 8 words）
57．Why did they leave the Endurance （no more than 6 words）
58．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 5 （1 word）
59．How did Shackleton save the lives of all his crew （no more than 15 words）
60．What do you think of Shackleton Please explain. （no more than 20 words）
【答案】56．To cross the Antarctic via the South Pole.
57．Because it sank into the sea
58．Moving.
59．He led five men to South Geode's permanent camp to seek assistance.
60．He is brave and supportive/a source of strength. Because he could do anything to save his crew.
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了1914年8月8日，27个人踏上了经由南极点穿越南极的旅程，途中他们的船沉没了，多亏了Shackleton最后船员才得救。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和开放题三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而写出正确答案。
56．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The aim of the journey was to cross the frozen continent via the South Pole — a journey of 1, 800 miles."这次旅行的目的是通过南极点穿越冰封的大陆 —— 全程1800英里。可知，这次冒险的目的是经由南极点穿越南极。故答案为To cross the Antarctic via the South Pole.
57．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea. They then headed north, pulling three lifeboats behind them." Shackleton和他的船员们看着"耐力号"沉入冰冷的大海。然后他们拉着三艘救生艇向北驶去。可知，他们离开耐力号是因为它沉入大海了。故答案为Because it sank into the sea.
58．考查词义猜测。根据第四段"After six days, bad weather forced them to give up and the men set up camp on a sheet of ice which began slowly moving across the Antarctic Circle."六天后，恶劣的天气迫使他们放弃，他们在一片开始慢慢横跨南极圈的冰层上扎营；以及第五段中的"Then, on 16th April, 1915, Shackleton saw land."1915年4月16日，沙克尔顿终于看到了陆地；和"It was Elephant Island — a large rock with nothing growing on it, but much better than a"那是大象岛——一块大岩石，上面什么也没有长，但比……好得多，可知，他们看到的陆地是象岛——一块没有长什么东西的大岩石，但是比一块移动的冰要好得多了。故划线词意思是"移动的"。故答案为Moving.
59．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"He and five men would take one of the lifeboats, and sail 800 miles to South Georgia, where there was a permanent camp. They could then return to rescue the rest of the men."他和五个人将乘坐一艘救生艇，航行800英里到达南乔治亚岛，那里有一个永久的营地。然后他们可以回来营救其余的人。可知，沙克尔顿带领五个人到南高德的永久营地寻求帮助，拯救了所有船员的生命的。故答案为He led five men to South Geode's permanent camp to seek assistance.
60．考查开放题。根据最后一段"It took Shackleton 17 days to reach South Georgia. Unfortunately he landed on the wrong side of the island, and had to walk 36 hours over mountains to reach the camp. The whale hunters at the camp couldn't believe their eyes when they saw the six men walking down from the mountains. Shackleton kept his promise. More than three months later, be returned to Elephant Island to rescue the crew he had been forced to abandon. He had failed to reach the pole—but he had saved the lives of all his men."沙克尔顿号花了17天才到达南乔治亚岛。不幸的是，他落在了岛的另一边，不得不走36个小时的山路才能到达营地。当营地里的捕鲸人看到那六个人从山上走下来时，他们简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。沙克尔顿遵守了他的诺言。三个多月后，他回到象岛营救他被迫抛弃的船员。他没能到达极点——但他救了所有同伴的命)"可回答：他很勇敢，支持我/给我力量。因为他可以做任何事来救他的船员。故答案为He is brave and supportive/a source of strength. Because he could do anything to save his crew.
五、第三部分：写作，第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61．（2023高三上·南开期末） 假设你是晨光中学的李津。你的英国朋友Chris在最近的一封邮件中提到, 自己视力下降厉害很是苦恼, 希望得到你的帮助。请根据以下提示回复邮件：（1）安慰对方； （2）分析可能导致他视力下降的原因： （3）提出帮助他改善视力的建议（方法）。
注意： （1）词数不少于100: （2）可适当加入细节, 使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I'm sorry to hear that your eyesight has been declining.
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以 晨光中学的李津 的身份 回复邮件 。写作背景：你的英国朋友Chris在最近的一封邮件中提到, 自己视力下降厉害很是苦恼, 希望得到你的帮助。写做要点已经给出，属于提纲类类作文，内容包括：（1）安慰对方； （2）分析可能导致他视力下降的原因： （3）提出帮助他改善视力的建议（方法）。 考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并结合提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
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