2024年中考英语语法专题课件 名词 (共18张PPT)

(共18张PPT)
中考复习
专题一
名词
语法知识导览
考点一：名词的数
a/an + 单数n
The girl who won the first prize married___________Italian last Saturday.
A. a B. an C. the
（1）可数名词单数
B
1.名词变复数的规则形式
1).一般情况下直接加s. book---books
2).以辅音字母+y结尾的, 先变y为i再加es.
city---cities family---families
3).以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es . bus---buses watch---watches
4).以o结尾的且有生命加es .
tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes
5).以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es .
leaf---leaves self---selves shelf---shelves
life---lives thief---thieves
（2）可数名词复数
2.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的
man---men woman---women child---children
foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice
3.单数和复数形式相同
deer---deer fish---fish sheep---sheep
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
4.某国人的复数
1). 中、日不变 Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese
2). 英、法变 Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
3). 其余s加后面。（-an结尾）
American -----Americans German----Germans
Australian---Australians
2. The students in European___________(country) always enjoy longer vacations than us.
3. The three___________ are too small to have enough___________for a double bed.
A. room; room B. rooms; rooms C. rooms; room　　　　
4. We mustn’t bring___________(knife) or toy guns to school.
5. The doctors and nurses in Wuhan are all our___________(hero).
countries
C
knives
heroes
（2）可数名词复数
6. Many___________(child) were born into or raised in one-parent families.
7. My family___________very large.
A. is B. are C. been
8. A group of______are talking with two _____over there.
A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. Frenchmans; Germans
children
A
集体名词
A
中日不变，英法变，其它+s
（2）可数名词复数
9. There isn’t any_____in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some.
A. oranges B. water C. noodles
10. —How much_______do you need —We need two cups.
A. milk B. pear C. eggs
11. My sister drinks_______every day.
A. two glass of milks B. two glasses of milks
C. two glasses of milk
12.What would you like, madam —I’d like_______,please.
A. two bottles of orange B. two bottles of oranges
C. two bottle of oranges
B
A
（3）不可数名词
C
A
不可数名词一般没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。若要表示数量，则用“a +单位量词+ of +不可数名词”的结构。数量大于一时，只能在单位量词变复数。
单词方式 构成形式 举例
普通单数名词 +’s the boy’s bag 男孩的书包
Mother’s day 母亲节
不带-s结尾的复数名词 +’s Children’s day儿童节
Women’s day妇女节
人名(包括以-s结尾的人名）以及以-s结尾的单数名词 +’s Charles’s car 查尔斯的车
the boss’s office 老板的办公室
以-s结尾的复数名词 +’ Teachers’ day教师节
students’ books 学生们的书
表共同的所有关系 （两者共有） A and B’s Lily and Lucy’s room
莉莉和露西共同的房间
表示分别所有关系 （各自拥有） A’s and B’s Lily’s and Lucy’s room
莉莉和露西各自的房间
考点二: 名词的所有格
1. The tall man with a big nose is______teacher.
A. Tom B. Tom’s C. of Tom
2. It’s about________from my home to our school.
A. twenty minutes’ walk B. twenty minute walk
C. twenty minute’s walk
3. Did you hear the____________report
A. policemen’s B. policemans’ C. policemens’
B
考点二: 名词的所有格
（1）’s 所有格
A
A
4. The online shops sell____________(woman) bags at a very good price.
5. The woman wearing a pair of glasses is_____mother.
A. Lily and Lucy’s B. Lily’s and Lucy’s C. Lily’s and Lucy
6. These are____________school bags .
A. Tom and Jack’s B. Tom’s and Jack’s C. Tom’s and Jack
7. There is an____________tree in our school.
A. 8-metres-tall B. 8-metre-tall C. 8 metres tall
women’s
A
B
B
8. He wants to know the title ____________the film.
A. for B. as C. of
9. —Are you sure this is a photo_______
—It surprised you, didn’t it But she was once really thin.
A. Lily’s B. of Lily C. of Lily’s
10. —Who is the man over there
—He is a teacher ____________.
A. Lucy’s B. of Lucy C. of Lucy’s
C
B
双重所有格：
of +’s 所有格/名词性物主代词 如： a friend of my father’s
（2）of 所有格
C
无生命名词所有格一般用“of+名词”的结构表示 如：a map of China
考点三：名词的功能
1. Two hours_________ enough for us to get there .
A. are B. is C. am
2. Twenty years________a long time.
A. is B. are C. been
B
A
表示度量、时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
名词作主语
3. A pair of shoes____________under the bed and two pieces of paper ___________on the desk .
A. are; are B. are; is C. is; are
4. There are 150____________in this school.
A. men teachers B. man teacher C. man teachers
C
A
man,woman 作定语，单复数由修饰的名词决定
5. The teacher with the students________ planting trees on the hill .
A. is B. are C. been
6. The ________ are in full blossom.
A. apples trees B. apple trees C. apples tree
A
B
with the students做伴随状语
名词可以作定语修饰名词，作定语的名词往往说明中心名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。名词作定语，一般用单数形式。
1. A factory will be built for the________ of this type of new energy car.
A. position B. population C. production
2. Many teenagers want to be ___________ like Zhong Nanshan when they grow up.
A. inventors B. engineers C. doctors
3. Betty has a beautiful ________. She wants to be a singer in the future.
A. voice B. noise C. sound
4. —What’s your plan for the next weekend
—Oh, I haven’t made a ______ yet. Maybe I will visit my grandmother.
A. difference B. decision C. promise
C
C
A
B
考点四：名词词义辨析
5. In China, the color red is the of good luck.
A. dream B. way C. symbol
6. My uncle works in a hospital. He is a/an .
A. singer B. farmer C. doctor
7. The ______ of machine made us feel sick.
A. voice B. noise C. sound
8. The passage gives us lots of wonderful on how to learn English well.
A. suggestion B. advice C. decision
C
C
B
B
Thank you