人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction 词汇英汉互译和教材词块金句背诵任务单学案（含答案）

选择性必修四 Unit 1 Science Fiction
1.英译汉
fiction / f k n/ n. ____________
science fiction [informal sci-fi] [abbr. SF] ____________
test out____________
bonus / b n s/ n. ____________
more like____________
ridiculous /r d kj l s/ adj. ____________
integrity / n teɡr ti/ n. ____________
dignity / d ɡn ti/ n. ____________
salary / s l ri/ n. ____________
absurd / b s d/ adj. ____________
appointment / p ntm nt/ n. ____________
nail /ne l/ n. ____________ vt. ____________
saleswoman / se lzw m n/ n. ____________
guilty / ɡ lti/ adj. ____________
suspend /s spend/ vt. ____________
ladder / l d (r)/ n. ____________
dismiss /d s m s/ vt. ____________
declare /d kle (r)/ vt. ____________
whereas / we r z/ conj. ___________
rumour / ru m (r)/ n. ____________
presume / pr zju m；NAmE -'zu:m/ vt. & vi. ____________
fare /fe (r)/ n. ____________
weekly / wi kli/ adj. ____________ n. ____________
on a ... basis____________
calculate / k lkjule t/ vt. ____________
chairwoman / t e w m n/ n. ____________
gramme [ NAmE ɡram] /ɡr m/ n. ____________
flour / fla (r)/ n. ____________
venue / venju / n. ____________
salesman / se lzm n/ n. ____________
alien / e li n/ n. ____________adj. ____________
pros and cons____________
blurred /bl d/ adj. ____________
superior /su p ri (r); sju -/ adj. ____________
superior to ____________
take over ____________
inaction / n k n/ n. ____________
conflict with____________
labour / le b (r)/ n. ____________vi. ____________
leather / le (r)/ n. ____________
lever / li v (r)；NAmE lev r / n. ____________
panel / p nl/ n. ____________
inch / nt / n. ____________
backwards / b kw dz/ [NAmE backward] adv. ____________
grip /ɡr p/ vt.&vi. ____________
hazy / he zi/ adj. ____________
niece /ni s/ n. ____________
fetch /fet / vt.____________
handkerchief / h k t f / n. ____________
lamp /l mp/ n. ____________
turn out____________
pace / pe s/ n. ____________vt.&vi. ____________
fall away ____________
division /d v n/ n. ____________
puff /p f/ n. ____________
urge / d / n. ____________vt. ____________
have an urge to____________
random / r nd m/ adj. ____________
maximum / m ks m m/ adj. ____________ n. ____________
explode / k spl d/ vi. & vt. ____________
jolt /d lt/ n . ____________vt. & vi. ____________
flip /fl p/ vt. & vi. ____________
stun /st n/ vt. ____________
mud /m d/ n. ____________
overstatement / v ste tm nt/ n. ____________
II.汉译英
____________ / f k n/ n.小说；虚构的事
____________ [informal sci-fi] [abbr. SF] 科幻小说(或影片等)
____________检验；测试
____________/ b n s/ n.意外收获；奖金；红利
____________更像是；更接近
____________ /r d kj l s/ adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
____________ / n teɡr ti/ n.诚实正直；完整；完好
____________ / d ɡn ti/ n.庄重；庄严；尊严
____________ / s l ri/ n.薪水；薪金
____________ / b s d/ adj.荒谬的；荒唐的
____________ / p ntm nt/ n.预约；约会；委任
____________ /ne l/ n.指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定
____________ / se lzw m n/ n.女售货员；女推销员
____________ / ɡ lti/ adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
____________ /s spend/ vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
____________/ l d (r)/ n.梯子；阶梯
____________/d s m s/ vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
____________ /d kle (r)/ vt.表明；宣称；公布
____________ / we r z/ conj.然而；但是；尽管
____________/ ru m (r)/ n.谣言；传闻
____________ / pr zju m；NAmE -'zu:m/ vt. & vi.假设；假定
____________ /fe (r)/ n.车费；船费；飞机票价
____________ / wi kli/ adj.每周的 n.周刊
____________根据；以……的方式(基准)
____________ / k lkjule t/ vt.计算；核算；预测
____________ / t e w m n/ n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长
____________ [ NAmE ɡram] /ɡr m/ n.克(重量单位)
____________ / fla (r)/ n.面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉
____________ / venju / n.活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
____________ / se lzm n/ n.售货员；推销员
____________ / e li n/ n.外星人(生物)；外国人 adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的
____________事物的利与弊；支持与反对
____________ /bl d/ adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的
____________ /su p ri (r); sju -/ adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
____________ 比……更好；更胜一筹
____________占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
____________ / n k n/ n.无行动；不采取措施
____________与……冲突或抵触
____________ / le b (r)/ n.劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作
____________ / le (r)/ n.皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套
____________ / li v (r)；NAmE lev r / n.操纵杆；杠杆
____________ / p nl/ n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
____________ / nt / n.英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)
____________ / b kw dz/ [NAmE backward] adv.向后；倒着；往回
____________ /ɡr p/ vt.&vi.紧握；抓紧
____________ / he zi/ adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
____________ /ni s/ n.侄女；外甥女
____________ /fet / vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来
____________ / h k t f / n.手帕；纸巾
____________ /l mp/ n.灯；台灯
____________关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
____________ / pe s/ n.速度；步伐；节奏 vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏
____________ (逐渐)减少；消失
____________ /d v n/ n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
____________/p f/ n. (烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
____________ / d / n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
____________有强烈的欲望做某事
____________ / r nd m/ adj.随机的；不可思议的
____________ / m ks m m/ adj.最大极限的 n.最大量；最大限度
____________ / k spl d/ vi. & vt.爆炸；爆破
____________/d lt/ n .震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt. & vi.(使)震动;摇晃
____________ /fl p/ vt. & vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
____________ /st n/ vt.使震惊，使昏迷
____________ /m d/ n.泥；泥浆
____________ / v ste tm nt/ n.夸大；夸张
III.词形变化
1.fiction n.小说；虚构的事 →____________adj.虚构的;小说(中)的
2.____________ vt.任命；委任；安排，确定（时间、地点）→ appointment n.预约；约会；委任
3. ____________ n.内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行；罪责→ guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
4.suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 →____________ n.暂令停职（或停学、停赛等）；暂缓；推迟；延期；悬浮
5.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除；不予考虑；摒弃；对…不屑一提→____________adj.轻蔑的；鄙视的
6.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布； 申报(纳税品、收入等)→ ____________ n.公告；宣告；宣言；表白；宣称；申报（单）
7.presume vt. & vi.假设；假定→ ____________ n.推定；假定；假设；可能的事
8.calculate v.vt.计算；核算；预测→ ____________ n.计算；估计；预测；推测
9.____________ vt.（使）变得模糊不清；（使）难以区分→blurred adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
10.labour n.劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作→____________adj.费力的;辛苦的
11. ____________ vt.分开，分割，分配→division n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
12.urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 →____________adj.紧急的；紧迫的；迫切的；催促的；急切的→ ____________ n.紧迫性;紧迫;急迫;急事
13.explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→____________n. 爆炸
14. maximum adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度→____________ vt.最大化;最大限度地利用;充分利用→____________ adj.最低的；最小的 n.最小值→____________ vt.降低；贬低；使最小化→____________adj.极小的；极少的；最小的→_______________n.极简主义;简约主义
15.stun vt.使震惊，使昏迷→____________adj.震惊的；惊呆了的；不能动弹的→____________adj.极有魅力的；绝妙的；给人以深刻印象的；令人惊奇万分的；令人震惊的
16. mud n. 泥；泥浆→____________ adj.泥泞的；沾满泥的
17. ____________ vt.夸大;夸张;言过其实→overstatement n.夸大；夸张→_______________vt.轻描淡写;避重就轻地说→_______________n.轻描淡写;保守的说法;淡化
Keys:
1.fictional 2.appoint 3.guilt 4.suspension 5.dismissive 6.declaration 7.presumption 8.calculation 9.blur 10.laborious 11.divide 12.urgent;urgency 13.explosion 14. maximize; minimum; minimize;minimal;minimalism
15.stunned;stunning 16.muddy 17.overstate;understate;understatement
IV.教材词块
science fiction (informal sci-fi) (abbr. SF) 科幻小说(或影片等)
artificial intelligence 人工智能
a sci-fi short story 短篇科幻小说
remind sb of 使某人回想起……
a domestic robot 家用机器人
take / make notes on / of 记……笔记
test out★ 检验;测试
be away on a business trip 出差在外
feel alarmed 感到恐惧/担忧
more like 更像是;更接近
a deep voice 低沉的嗓音
facial expression 面部表情
treat sb with dignity / respect 尊重某人
social position 社会地位
a big salary 丰厚的薪酬
as a favour (to sb)★ 为了帮(某人的)忙
promise to do sth ★ 保证/答应做某事
have an appointment to do sth 预约做某事
paint sb's nails 给某人涂指甲油
be badly treated 被粗暴地对待;被虐待
change one’s attitude 改变态度
turn around / round ★ 转身;(使)翻身
in a relationship 在恋爱
feel guilty (about / at) (对……)感到内疚/羞愧
fall off (从某物上)掉下，脱落;(数量、比率或质量)下降，减少
manage to do sth★ 设法做成某事
in time ★ 及时;迟早
push ... away 推开……
take sb in one's arms 把某人拥在怀里
the same as ★ 和……相同的……;和……一样的……
similar to★ 与…-相似
just as 和……一样
in / by comparison (with/ to)★ 相比之下;(和……)相比
in the same way 以相同的方式
(on the one hand ..., ) on the other hand (一方面……，)另一方面……
in contrast to / with★ 与……形成对比
in a hurry★ 匆匆忙忙;仓促;赶时间
cut sth into pieces 把某物切碎/砍碎
be aware of ★ 意识到……;明白……;注意到……
spread rumours / news 传播/散布谣言/消息
charge sb with (doing) sth★ 控告/指控某人(犯)某罪
on a ... basis 根据;以…的方式(基准)
on public transport 乘坐公共交通工具
save (up) for ★ 储蓄;积攒
distinguish between ... and★ 区分/辨别……与……
when it comes to (doing) sth★ 在某个方面;说到(做)某事
a major threat to 对……的重大威胁
dismiss a fear 消除恐惧
elect sb (as)★ 选举某人为……;某人当选为…
working efficiency 工作效率
carry-on luggage 可随身携带登机的行李
economy class (飞机的)经济舱
it is an honour to do sth 很荣幸做某事
be adapted into 被改编/改写为……
score a point 得分
the College Entrance Examination 大学入学考试
admit sb into / to a university 某人被大学录取
attract attention 引起关注
a secret project 秘密计划
in a remote area 在一个偏远的地区
set up 建立;设立;创立
be / get caught up in 被卷入某事;陷入某事(尤指坏事)
pros and cons 事物的利与弊;支持与反对
hope for 希望;盼望
a line between ... and ……与……的分界线
take over ★ 占上风;取而代之;接管;接手
compare ... with 将……与……作比较
above all 最重要的是;首要的是
mean to do sth★ 意欲/打算做某事
move on (to) 变换(工作、活动等);接着做……
be beside the point 离题;与主题无关
the next item on the agenda 议程表的下一项
change the subject 改变主题
come to harm★ 受到伤害
conflict with★ 与……冲突/抵触
as long as 只要;只有
superior to ★ 比……更好;更胜一筹
sit sb in / on 使某人坐在……里/上
draw (a) breath 喘口气;歇一歇
go hazy 变得朦胧/模糊起来
turn out★ 关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是
skip to 跳到…….
a winding road 蜿蜒的路
fall away (逐渐)减少;消失
division between ... and★ ……与……之间的分割/分别/分歧
a puff of smoke 一阵/一团/一股烟雾
rise up 耸立;矗立
have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
flash before one’s eyes 在某人眼前闪现
at maximum / top / full speed 以最高的速度;全速
with a sudden jolt 突然一阵颠簸/震动
flip on the side 侧翻
throw ... through the air 把……抛到半空中
for a moment ★ 片刻;一会
a fine welcome 不错的欢迎
rhetorical devices 修辞手法
checked luggage / baggage 托运的行李
financial problems 财务问题
rising competition 日益激烈的竞争
break the routine of daily life 打破日常生活的常规
switch / turn off (用开关)关掉;关上
a conference hall 会议大厅
be bordered by 与……毗邻/相邻
conduct / do / undertake research on★ 对……进行研究
it should be noted that ...★ 提请注意……
it is assumed that ...★ 人们认为;有人认为;据推测
destroy the ecosystem 破坏生态系统
be dressed smartly 着装光鲜整洁
mysterious crop circles 神秘的麦田怪圈
V.教材金句
1. Today’s science fiction is tomorrow's science fact.- Isaac Asimov(P1)今天的科学幻想就是明日的科学
事实。--艾萨克·阿西莫夫
2. When she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed. (P2改)她第一次见到这个机器人时，感到害怕。
3. He (The robot) seemed more like a human than a machine (P2改)它看起来更像一个人，而不是一台机器。
4. He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice, although his facial expression never changed.(P2)虽然他的面部表情一直不变，但他的头发光滑、嗓音低沉，又高又帅。
5. She gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.(P2)渐渐地，她开始欣赏他的智慧和诚实，并开始信任他。
6. As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. (P2) 为了帮忙，托尼答应把克莱尔打扮得更美，把她的家装饰得更雅致。
7. By that time, Tony expected that the house, which was being completely transformed, would be ready. (P3) 托尼希望到那个时候，这所正在进行全面改造的房子已准备就绪。
8. A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. (P7)机器人不能伤害人类，也不能因不作为而使人类受到伤害。
9. I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes. (P8)我有一种强烈的冲动，想看一看那些正随机闪现在我眼前的事物。
10. With a sudden jolt, the Time Machine was flipped on its side, and I was thrown through the air. (P9) 突然
一阵颠簸，时间机器侧翻了，我被抛到了半空中。