兴文第二中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期2月期末考试
英语试题
第I卷 选择题(100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
How will the two speakers go to the beach tomorrow
A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot.
2.
What does the woman really mean
A. She has never gone hiking.
B. She enjoys hiking very much.
C. She enjoyed her experience of hiking.
3.
What is Tony usually like
A. Cheerful. B. Serious. C. Humorous.
4.
Why does the woman talk to the man
A. To make a reservation. B. To ask for permission. C. To express thanks.
5.
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Clothes. B. A plant. C. A season.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the man say about foxes
A. They are dangerous. B. They also eat plants. C. They look pretty and small.
7. How long do average worker ants sleep every day
A. 8 hours. B. 4-5hours. C. 48 minutes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why doesn’t the woman want to go to the Cat House
A. The food is expensive. B. It’s noisy. C. Many cats are there.
9. What impressed the man most about the Lotus restaurant
A. Its French food. B. Its modern decoration. C. Its live band.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What did the woman just do
A. She rushed for the train. B. She got off the train. C. She came back from town.
11. What do we know about the woman
A. Her coat was lost. B. Her phone was stolen. C. Her sports shoes are dirty.
12. Which word can best describe the woman
A. Disorganized. B. Reliable. C. Sporty.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the man’s work like
A. Tiring. B. Relaxing. C. Boring.
14. What is the most challenging to the man
A. Dealing with unique animals. B. Treating injured lions. C. Looking after baby animals.
15. What is the woman
A. A zookeeper. B. A reporter. C. A student.
16. What is the man’s advice to the woman
A. To get a higher degree. B. To receive some training. C. To raise a pet.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about
A. Cooling fans. B. Air conditioning. C. Room design.
18. Which country might have invented the first cooling device
A. Egypt. B. Rome. C. China.
19. Which cooling method has the longest history
A. Wet plants. B. Cold water. C. Hand fans.
20. Where is the passage most probably taken from
A. A radio programme. B. A culture magazine. C. A history book.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Ever find yourself wondering what it might be like to live in some of TV's most famous homes Famous homes can become part of the reason you fall in love with a series, so here are some of our favorites.
Big Little Lies: Madeline’s house
By far the most beautiful beach nest in the series is Madeline's house, which is actually located in Malibu. The real house boasts seven bedrooms, eight bathrooms, and a balcony surrounded by walls providing some unreal ocean views. The house is said to have its fair share of celebrity guests too. It's no wonder why!
Modern Family: Jay’s house
The two-story contemporary home is bursting with bold colors and animal prints, with many guessing that the decoration channels Gloria's strong personality. But it's the back yard that makes the house so appealing. The huge pool that's frequently spotted in various episodes is a strong reminder that we need to move to destination with more sunshine on offer.
American Horror Story: The Coven house
Although taken over by witches in the series and called “Miss Robichaux's Academy for Exceptional Young Ladies”, the elegant house is actually called Buckner Mansion. The famous home is complete with tall ceilings, impressive chandeliers, and stairs that go on forever. You can't actually visit the mansion, but you can stroll by it.
The Sopranos: Tony's house
The spacious New Jersey home has a huge dining area four bedrooms, an outside pool, and that famous curved driveway featured in the opening credits. It's no wonder the famous house has just gone on the market for 3.4 million! Research shows that the mansion may have more than doubled in value since the show. It's still on the market so you too could live like a TV star!
21. What can we learn about Madeline’s house
A. It has a huge dining area. B. It is a three-story beach house.
C. It is often visited by celebrities. D. It boasts authentic ocean views.
22. What makes Jay’s house attractive to the audience
A. Its bold colors. B. Its back yard. C. The huge pool. D. Gloria's personality.
23. Which house has been put up for sale
A. Madeline's house. B. Jay's house. C. The Coven house. D. Tony's house.
B
Liu Shuqi broke up with her boyfriend two months ago and has now found a new companion.
The handsome “man” is dressed in a white suit with a stylish haircut. He understands her emotions and feelings perfectly and gives her comfort, encouragement and support. “He is very humorous and offers some comfort when I am in a bad mood,” the 26-year-old bank employee said. The only problem is he is a virtual being and not a real boyfriend.
Liu is not alone in her choice of companion. In a digital era where people are heavily reliant on their smart devices, many of those who live alone increasingly turn to the virtual field to seek companions.
The artificial intelligence-powered digital humans, who are similar to real humans in appearance and behavior, are capable of providing 24-hour online companionship, humanlike conversation and emotional support.
They will likely become an essential part of people’s daily lives, industry experts said. Lin Kaikai and Ye Youyou, two companion-oriented virtual beings, were recently launched by Chinese tech giant Baidu Inc. Powered by Baidu’s Plato, an AI model for dialogue generation that is trained on over 10 billion parameters collected from social media conversations in both English and Chinese, the two digital humans have a smooth, more humanlike interaction.
For instance, they can participate in conversations through various forms such as texts, voice and emojis. They offer customized wake-up call services and learn about the preferences of their users, mainly through increased frequency of chats and interactions, Baidu said.
Other tech companies have also jumped on the companion-oriented virtual being trend.
Xiaoice is an AI-powered chatbot that seems to redefine the conceptions of romance and relationships among young Chinese. It has helped to comfort lonely hearts through more than 17 million virtual “girlfriends” and “boyfriends” in China.
“The rise of digital humans that serve as emotional companions is a result of technological innovation, such as the improvement in appearance, functions and interactive experience of digital humans, fueled by the enhanced deep-learning capacities based on massive user data,” said Chen Duan, director of the Digital Economy Integration Innovation Development Center at the Central University of Finance and Economics.
A set of problems though have also emerged. They include ethics, morals, data security and personal privacy protection in the industry, Chen said, while calling for efforts to formulate relevant laws and regulations on the ownership of digital characters and standardizing their behaviors.
24. What is Liu’ new companion like according to Liu Shuqi herself
A. Handsome and stylish B. Humorous and helpful
C. Perfect and supportive D. Clever and understanding
25. Why are many solitary people turning to virtual companions now
A. Because virtual companions look very like real humans.
B. Because virtual companions can offer a whole-day online companionship.
C. Because these people rely on their digital devices heavily.
D. Because these people need emotional support very much.
26. Which of the following may not be a way for virtual companions to take part in a conversation
A. Texts B. emojis C. voice D. eye-contact
27. What measures should be taken to solve the problems along with the booming of virtual companions according to Chen Duan
A. Making relative rules and laws. B. Regularize the behaviors of virtual companions.
C. Stop producing virtual companions. D. Both A and B.
C
Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem. Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. Technology companies, like AT&T, have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM(science, technology, engineering and math) skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry. How can they work together to achieve these goals Play may be the answer.
Focusing on STEM skills is important, but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today’s children to be the makers and builders of tomorrow. That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good, old fashion play.
In fact many experts argue that the most important 21st century skills aren’t related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity; skills like imagination, problem-finding and problem-solving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and take risks. These are skills acquired when kids tinker(捣鼓小玩意). High-tech industries such as NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory have found that their best overall problem solvers were master tinkerers in their youth.
There are cognitive benefits of doing things the way we did as children — building something, tearing it down, then building it up again. Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four- and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial, mathematical, and architectural activities. This type of play — especially with building blocks — helps children discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.
If play and building are critical to 21st century skill development, then that’s really good news for two reasons: Children are born builders, makers, and creators, so fostering(培养) 21st century skills may be as simple as giving kids room to play, tinker and try things out, even as they grow older; and the second piece of good news is that it doesn’t take 21st century technology to foster 21st century skills. This is especially important for under-resourced schools and communities. Taking whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important “maker” skills. And anyone, anywhere, can do it.
28. What does the author say about educators
A. They seek advice from technology companies to achieve teaching goals.
B. They have been successful in preparing the workforce for companies.
C. They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.
D. They partner with technology companies to enhance teaching efficiency.
29. How can educators better develop students’ STEM skills, according to the author
A. By blending them with traditional, stimulating activities.
B. By inviting business leaders to help design curriculums.
C. By enhancing students’ ability to think in a critical way.
D. By showing students the best way to learn is through play.
30. How do children acquire the skills needed for the 21st century
A. By engaging in activities involving specific technologies.
B. By playing with things to solve problems on their own.
C. By familiarizing themselves with high-tech gadgets.
D. By mastering basic principles through teamwork.
31. What does the author advise disadvantaged schools and communities to do
A. Train students to be makers to meet future market demands.
B. Develop students’ creative skills with the resources available.
C. Engage students with challenging tasks to foster their creativity.
D. Work together with companies to improve their teaching facilities.
D
Dogs greet other dogs nose-first, as it were—sniffing each other from fore to (especially) aft. People are not quite so open about the process of sniffing each other out. But the size of the perfume industry suggests scent is important in human relations, too. There is also evidence that human beings can infer kinship (亲戚关系), deduce emotional states and even detect disease via the sense of smell.
Now, researchers of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, have gone a step further. They think they have shown, admittedly in a fairly small sample of individuals, that friends actually smell alike. They have also shown that this is probably the case from the beginning, with people picking friends at least partly on the basis of body odour (气味), rather than the body odours of people who become friends subsequently converging (趋同).
They stated their research by testing the odours of 20 pairs of established non-romantic, same-sex friends. They did this using an electronic nose and also two groups of specially employed human “smellers.” The e-nose employed a set of gas sensors to assess T-shirts worn by participants. One group of human smellers were given pairs of these shirts and asked to rate how similar they smelt. Those in the other group were asked to rate the odours of individual T-shirts on five subjective dimensions: pleasantness, intensity, attractiveness, competence and warmth. All three approaches yielded the same result. The T-shirts of friends smelt more similar to each other than the T-shirts of strangers. Friends, in other words, do indeed smell alike.
Why scent might play a role in forming friendships remains obscure. Other qualities related with being friends, including age, appearance, education, religion and race, are either immediately obvious or rapidly become so. But while some individuals have strong and noticeable body odour, many—at least since the use of soap has become widespread—do not. It is present. But it is subconscious.
32 Why are dogs and the perfume industry mentioned in Paragraph 1
A. To list some examples. B. To introduce the topic.
C To make a comparison. D. To provide relevant evidence.
33. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. The body odour is the beginning of friendship.
B. People start to smell alike after becoming friends.
C. Many people are involved as the research samples.
D. Odour-matching may be a reason for being friends.
34. How did the researchers conduct the experiment
A. By trying to yield the same result with three approaches.
B. By testing the odours of 20 non-romantic friends of the same sex.
C. By asking each group to rate the odours of T-shirts on five dimensions.
D. By employing e-nose and human smellers to assess the odours of T-shirts.
35. What does the underlined word “obscure” in the last paragraph mean
A. Unclear. B. Important. C. Obvious. D. Subjective.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It now seems like years ago that Silicon Valley’s hoodie(连帽衫) culture made male executives’ wardrobes more casual across most industries. From financial companies to insurance companies, from insurers to automakers, traditional dress codes transformed into “dress appropriately”.
Now executive men in more traditional offices are figuring out how to dress down but still look professional, and those at tech firms are growing up and wondering how to dress up but-still look cool. “ ____36____ People shouldn’t be able to point out exactly why you look as good as you do,” said Nick Hart, founder of Spencer Hart. ____37____
The sneakers
Sneakers have gone totally exclusive, with eye-opening price tags to match. ____38____ So it’s commonly seen that Netflix CEO Reed Hastings and Snap CEO Evan Spiegel have shown a preference for wearing Salomon sneakers.
____39____
Of course, great jeans with a blazer and smart loafers, if not sneakers, is a modern classic look. Some handsome main brands include the JBrand Kane fit jeans, the AG Graduate fit, and the Frame L’ Homme, said Jacci J aye of Wall Street Stylist.
The glasses
____40____ Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella is often seen in a striking pair. For colorful frames that are not overly priced, you might try Eyebobs. The company has noted that top executives like Revlon chairman Ron Perelman have been spotted in them.
A. The loafers
B. The jeans
C. It should look effortless.
D. Many people like the expensive ones.
E. If you have to wear glasses, there’s no reason why they can’t add a touch of style.
F Here are some items high-powered men are wearing when dressing for work and weekends.
G. Some executives even will throw down more than $ 1,000 for a pair.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dale Carnegie, the person who became famous for his inspirational programs has empowered people all over the world. He once said, “Perhaps tomorrow you will forget the kind ____41____you say today, but the recipient (接受者) may ____42____them over a lifetime. ”When I read Carnegie’s comment I ____43____to reflect upon one of my activities during the ____44____few days. In my opinion, what I said has had a life changing effect on ____45____person with whom I had come in contact.
I ____46____that the previous morning I had a meeting with a recent graduate of Teachers’ College to interview her for a ____47____with my tutoring agency (辅导机构). We had ____48____met before, yet when our eyes met in the ____49____room at Tim Horton’s I knew right away who she was. _____50_____we sat down to talk I explained to her that out of all the people in the room, she was the one who stood _____51_____. She “looked exactly like a teacher”. I said that as a very _____52_____comment about the “presence” she showed and the way she _____53_____herself. She thanked me and then we went on with our _____54_____. But I could tell that my comment_____55_____a lot to her.
It is very clear that the lady who has far been _____56_____in her search for a chance to begin her career in teaching may have _____57_____the strength and inspiration. She is confident to carry on pursuing her dream of being in front of a _____58_____one day. She has obviously _____59_____the right career choice just _____60_____I told herthat she“looked like a teacher” .
41. A. actions B. notes C. words D. excuses
42. A. learn B. value C. search D. hate
43. A. offered B. promised C. agreed D. decided
44. A. previous B. next C. temporary D. latter
45. A. lovely B. extra C. another D. other
46. A. announced B. believed C. explained D. recalled
47. A. direction B. position C. choice D. situation
48. A. never B. seldom C. hardly D. often
49. A. bright B. crowded C. empty D. decorative
50. A. Until B. Since C. When D. While
51. A. out B. up C. by D. aside
52. A. different B. general C. positive D. particular
53. A. fetched B. carried C. took D. brought
54. A. speech B. lesson C. lecture D. meeting
55. A. changed B. served C. offered D. meant
56. A. unsuccessful B. poor C. unhappy D. wealthy
57. A. missed B. desired C. understood D. received
58. A. future B. class C. theatre D. stage
59. A. knew B. ordered C. made D. drew
60. A. because B. though C. if D. so
第II卷 非选择题(50分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bigger isn’t always better. Just look at smartphones and personal computers. It is the continual shrinkage (缩小) of components that have caused the explosion of computing power and enabled these gadgets to be ____61____ (access) to people.
Inspired by this, researchers and scientists have been working on areas ____62____ making things small may mean big results. And this year, the Nobel Prize has broken the tradition of celebrating big by presenting the biggest prizes ____63____ discoveries on the smallest scales.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ____64____ (award) to a cellular-level experiment. The committee gave the award to Yoshinori Ohsumi of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, for his research on “autophagy”, ____65____ “self-eating” process seen in cells.
What’s more, in ____66____ (recognize) of their working on the strange properties of matter in extreme states and ____67____ (take) their research all the way down to an atomic scale, the Nobel Prize for physics went to three British-born scientists who currently work in the U.S.
Another exceptional new field is ____68____ of nano-technology. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to a scientist who managed to build the world’s tiniest machines out of molecules. Small as the subjects are, the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge. More ____69____ (important), their invention may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind.
The ground-breaking discoveries in physics, “have started a firestorm of research, and it will only be less than a generation _____70_____ their research leads to advances as unimaginable to us now as lasers and computer chips were a hundred years ago,” Laura H. Greene, president-elect of the American Physical Society told The New York Times.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
At a young age, I repeatedly heard a sentence from my grandparents, “Honesty is the best policy.” I didn’t true understand it until I was nine, when I broke a window of our classroom after the school. As no one saw it, I hurried home and tell my family happily about my “good luck”. Therefore, my father seriously said to me, “You know our family mottos: Honesty is the best policy. You broke the window, and you should responsible for it.” The next day, I apologized for my teacher. Instead of blame me, my teacher praised myself for my honesty. All in all, be honesty, and you’ll benefit from it!
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 假定你是学生会主席李华，近期你学校开展“党在我心中”英文演讲比赛活动，你代表学生会邀请你的一位外籍老师Mary参加此次活动，并担任评委工作。内容包括：
1.活动时间和地点；
2.活动主题为“党在我心中”；
3.比赛主要议程。
4.期待参与。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.符合英文邀请函格式要求。
3.参考词汇：
中国共产党the Communist Party of China (or the CPC)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________兴文第二中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期2月期末考试
英语试题
第I卷 选择题(100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
How will the two speakers go to the beach tomorrow
A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: What shall we do tomorrow, dear
M: If it doesn’t rain, we’ll drive to the beach with Philip.
W: It will be fine. I just heard it on the radio.
2.
What does the woman really mean
A. She has never gone hiking.
B. She enjoys hiking very much.
C. She enjoyed her experience of hiking.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】M:Do you ever go hiking
W:Funny you asked. Last Sunday, Beth and I decided to go hiking in the mountains near our house just for a change.
M:How was it
W:Wonderful!As a matter of fact, we can’t wait to go again this weekend.
3.
What is Tony usually like
A. Cheerful. B. Serious. C. Humorous.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s come over Tony He’s been telling jokes all morning.
W: I think he must have had some very good news. I saw him reading a letter earlier on.
M: He’s not his usual serious self. It’s strange to see him so light-hearted.
4.
Why does the woman talk to the man
A. To make a reservation. B. To ask for permission. C. To express thanks.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I use your bathroom, please
M: Of course! I think someone’s using the downstairs bathroom right now, but there’s another one upstairs. The door is on your left. Oh, and the light control is just outside the door. People always struggle to find it!
W: Great, thanks!
5.
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Clothes. B. A plant. C. A season.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s only 13 degrees Celsius. You’d better wear long-sleeve clothes.
W: Okay. Oh, look, the maple leaves have turned red! And some of the trees are already beginning to drop their leaves.
M: Yes, falling leaves are the first sign of autumn.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the man say about foxes
A. They are dangerous. B. They also eat plants. C. They look pretty and small.
7. How long do average worker ants sleep every day
A. 8 hours. B. 4-5hours. C. 48 minutes.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I watched the Animal World with my parents last night. I learned many interesting facts. For example, a kind of fox eats not only meat, but also apples, pears, carrots, etc.
W: Really I used to think foxes only eat meat. I once saw a piece of news that a fox had hurt a man.
M: Maybe the fox was trying to protect itself. You know what It’s a magic world. Humans need to sleep for at least 8 hours, while average worker ant takes approximately 250 naps each day, with each one lasting just over a minute. That adds up to 4 hours and 48 minutes of sleep per day. I felt surprised when I knew it.
W: Cool, I think ants are really hard-working. I want to watch the show, too. Maybe I’ll watch it after work.
M: It’s really worth seeing.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why doesn’t the woman want to go to the Cat House
A. The food is expensive. B. It’s noisy. C. Many cats are there.
9. What impressed the man most about the Lotus restaurant
A. Its French food. B. Its modern decoration. C. Its live band.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Would you like to eat out with me this Saturday
M: Of course. Where shall we go I remember you love Beijing Roast Duck.
W: Yeah, I do love it. But this time, let’s try something different. How about the Cat House
M: Good idea. I know that many people have written positive reviews about that restaurant, but it’s a bit expensive.
W: Oh, wait! Some reviews say it’s always full of young kids. They play with the cats in the restaurant. It must be very noisy. I don’t think it’s a good choice.
M: Then, how about the Lotus restaurant It’s a modernly decorated place with good French food. What impressed me most last time I was there was its live band, but as for the noise...
W: A live band Cool! Let’s go there.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What did the woman just do
A. She rushed for the train. B. She got off the train. C. She came back from town.
11. What do we know about the woman
A. Her coat was lost. B. Her phone was stolen. C. Her sports shoes are dirty.
12. Which word can best describe the woman
A. Disorganized. B. Reliable. C. Sporty.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh my goodness...I’ve just made it! For once, the train was on time!
M: You did have to run pretty fast. I saw you from way back there, and I was worried I’d have to go into town on my own!
W: Everything went wrong. I couldn’t find my mobile phone and then one of the heels of my black shoes broke off. That’s why I’m wearing my sports shoes. I didn’t want to, because they’re really dirty. I didn’t have time to clean them after my last run. And they don’t match my coat at all.
M: Well, at least you were able to run fast!
W: That’s true!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the man’s work like
A. Tiring. B. Relaxing. C. Boring.
14. What is the most challenging to the man
A. Dealing with unique animals. B. Treating injured lions. C. Looking after baby animals.
15 What is the woman
A. A zookeeper. B. A reporter. C. A student.
16. What is the man’s advice to the woman
A. To get a higher degree. B. To receive some training. C. To raise a pet.
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Andy, as a worker in a large zoo, what is a typical day for you like
M: Basically, I’m on the go all day. Yesterday, I started off by checking a baby camel. Then I went to see a lion.
W: What did you find
M: What worries me is that the lion’s injured back should have got better but it hasn’t. The lion is still in pain. You know, an injured lion is dangerous.
W: What do you think of your job
M: I love this job, but sometimes it’s difficult. Performing an operation on huge animals like elephants is pretty demanding, but what I find the most challenging is working with species that are really unique.
W: If I want to work in this area, what should I do
M: Today, you college students are facing a totally different time. When you finish your zoology degree, you’re qualified to treat pets, but you have to do specialized training. Good luck in your future career!
W: OK. Thanks for your guidance!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about
A. Cooling fans. B. Air conditioning. C. Room design.
18. Which country might have invented the first cooling device
A. Egypt. B. Rome. C. China.
19. Which cooling method has the longest history
A. Wet plants. B. Cold water. C. Hand fans.
20. Where is the passage most probably taken from
A. A radio programme. B. A culture magazine. C. A history book.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】The desire to stay cool is, of course, nothing new.
The ancient Egyptians and Romans employed various techniques to cool down their buildings from the outside heat. Some people have even claimed that the first air conditioning device was invented in ancient Egypt. The ancient Egyptians would hang wet plants outside their windows, and when the air came into the house, it would be cooled by the cool water drops on the plants.
The Romans understood that if they could bring cold water under their houses, then the temperature inside would fall. And if we really stretch the meaning of the phrase “air conditioning”, then hand fans have been used since the very beginning of the history. People realized that they could move air by waving something and it would cool them down for a while.
The Chinese inventor Ding Huan went a step further in the second century and invented a fan that could go around, similar to fans we might see today, although it was powered by servants.
That’s all for today. Please stay tuned for more updates.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Ever find yourself wondering what it might be like to live in some of TV's most famous homes Famous homes can become part of the reason you fall in love with a series, so here are some of our favorites.
Big Little Lies: Madeline’s house
By far the most beautiful beach nest in the series is Madeline's house, which is actually located in Malibu. The real house boasts seven bedrooms, eight bathrooms, and a balcony surrounded by walls providing some unreal ocean views. The house is said to have its fair share of celebrity guests too. It's no wonder why!
Modern Family: Jay’s house
The two-story contemporary home is bursting with bold colors and animal prints, with many guessing that the decoration channels Gloria's strong personality. But it's the back yard that makes the house so appealing. The huge pool that's frequently spotted in various episodes is a strong reminder that we need to move to destination with more sunshine on offer.
American Horror Story: The Coven house
Although taken over by witches in the series and called “Miss Robichaux's Academy for Exceptional Young Ladies”, the elegant house is actually called Buckner Mansion. The famous home is complete with tall ceilings, impressive chandeliers, and stairs that go on forever. You can't actually visit the mansion, but you can stroll by it.
The Sopranos: Tony's house
The spacious New Jersey home has a huge dining area, four bedrooms, an outside pool, and that famous curved driveway featured in the opening credits. It's no wonder the famous house has just gone on the market for 3.4 million! Research shows that the mansion may have more than doubled in value since the show. It's still on the market so you too could live like a TV star!
21. What can we learn about Madeline’s house
A It has a huge dining area. B. It is a three-story beach house.
C. It is often visited by celebrities. D. It boasts authentic ocean views.
22. What makes Jay’s house attractive to the audience
A. Its bold colors. B. Its back yard. C. The huge pool. D. Gloria's personality.
23. Which house has been put up for sale
A. Madeline's house. B. Jay's house. C. The Coven house. D. Tony's house.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了一些电视上最著名的房子的信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由Big Little Lies: Madeline’s house项下“The house is said to have its fair share of celebrity guests too.”（据说这所房子也有不少名人客人）可知，Madeline的房子有很多名人访客，故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由Modern Family: Jay’s house项下“But it’s the back yard that makes the house so appealing.”（但正是后院让这所房子如此吸引人。）可知，这所房子吸引人的地方是后院，故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。由The Sopranos: Tony’s house项下“It’s no wonder the famous house has just gone on the market for 3.4 million!”（难怪这座著名的房子刚刚以340万的价格上市出售！）可知，Tony的房子在市场出售中，故选D项。
B
Liu Shuqi broke up with her boyfriend two months ago and has now found a new companion.
The handsome “man” is dressed in a white suit with a stylish haircut. He understands her emotions and feelings perfectly and gives her comfort, encouragement and support. “He is very humorous and offers some comfort when I am in a bad mood,” the 26-year-old bank employee said. The only problem is he is a virtual being and not a real boyfriend.
Liu is not alone in her choice of companion. In a digital era where people are heavily reliant on their smart devices, many of those who live alone increasingly turn to the virtual field to seek companions.
The artificial intelligence-powered digital humans, who are similar to real humans in appearance and behavior, are capable of providing 24-hour online companionship, humanlike conversation and emotional support.
They will likely become an essential part of people’s daily lives, industry experts said. Lin Kaikai and Ye Youyou, two companion-oriented virtual beings, were recently launched by Chinese tech giant Baidu Inc. Powered by Baidu’s Plato, an AI model for dialogue generation that is trained on over 10 billion parameters collected from social media conversations in both English and Chinese, the two digital humans have a smooth, more humanlike interaction.
For instance, they can participate in conversations through various forms such as texts, voice and emojis. They offer customized wake-up call services and learn about the preferences of their users, mainly through increased frequency of chats and interactions, Baidu said.
Other tech companies have also jumped on the companion-oriented virtual being trend.
Xiaoice is an AI-powered chatbot that seems to redefine the conceptions of romance and relationships among young Chinese. It has helped to comfort lonely hearts through more than 17 million virtual “girlfriends” and “boyfriends” in China.
“The rise of digital humans that serve as emotional companions is a result of technological innovation, such as the improvement in appearance, functions and interactive experience of digital humans, fueled by the enhanced deep-learning capacities based on massive user data,” said Chen Duan, director of the Digital Economy Integration Innovation Development Center at the Central University of Finance and Economics.
A set of problems though have also emerged. They include ethics, morals, data security and personal privacy protection in the industry, Chen said, while calling for efforts to formulate relevant laws and regulations on the ownership of digital characters and standardizing their behaviors.
24. What is Liu’ new companion like according to Liu Shuqi herself
A. Handsome and stylish B. Humorous and helpful
C. Perfect and supportive D. Clever and understanding
25. Why are many solitary people turning to virtual companions now
A. Because virtual companions look very like real humans.
B. Because virtual companions can offer a whole-day online companionship.
C. Because these people rely on their digital devices heavily.
D. Because these people need emotional support very much.
26. Which of the following may not be a way for virtual companions to take part in a conversation
A. Texts B. emojis C. voice D. eye-contact
27. What measures should be taken to solve the problems along with the booming of virtual companions according to Chen Duan
A. Making relative rules and laws. B. Regularize the behaviors of virtual companions.
C. Stop producing virtual companions. D. Both A and B.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今虚拟伴侣流行的现象，分析了背后的原因以及业内专家表示，它们可能会成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。且其他科技公司也加入了以伴侣为导向的虚拟存在趋势。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“He understands her emotions and feelings perfectly and gives her comfort, encouragement and support. “He is very humorous and offers some comfort when I am in a bad mood,” the 26-year-old bank employee said.(他完全理解她的情绪和感受，给她安慰、鼓励和支持。这位26岁的银行职员说：“他很幽默，在我心情不好的时候给我一些安慰。”)”可知，刘的新伴侣幽默且对她有帮助。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In a digital era where people are heavily reliant on their smart devices, many of those who live alone increasingly turn to the virtual field to seek companions.(在一个人们严重依赖智能设备的数字时代，许多独居者越来越多地转向虚拟领域寻找伴侣)”可知，许多孤独的人现在转向虚拟伴侣是因为这些人严重依赖他们的数字设备。故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“For instance, they can participate in conversations through various forms such as texts, voice and emojis.(例如，他们可以通过文本、语音和表情符号等各种形式参与对话)”可知，眼神交流不是虚拟同伴参与对话的方式。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“They include ethics, morals, data security and personal privacy protection in the industry, Chen said, while calling for efforts to formulate relevant laws and regulations on the ownership of digital characters and standardizing their behaviors.(陈说，这些问题包括行业的伦理、道德、数据安全和个人隐私保护，同时呼吁努力制定有关数字人物所有权的相关法律法规，规范他们的行为)”可知，随着虚拟伴侣的蓬勃发展，应该制定相关法规和规范虚拟同伴的行为。故选D。
C
Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem. Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. Technology companies, like AT&T, have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM(science, technology, engineering and math) skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry. How can they work together to achieve these goals Play may be the answer.
Focusing on STEM skills is important but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today’s children to be the makers and builders of tomorrow. That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good, old fashion play.
In fact many experts argue that the most important 21st century skills aren’t related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity; skills like imagination, problem-finding and problem-solving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and take risks. These are skills acquired when kids tinker(捣鼓小玩意). High-tech industries such as NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory have found that their best overall problem solvers were master tinkerers in their youth.
There are cognitive benefits of doing things the way we did as children — building something, tearing it down, then building it up again. Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four- and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial, mathematical, and architectural activities. This type of play — especially with building blocks — helps children discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.
If play and building are critical to 21st century skill development, then that’s really good news for two reasons: Children are born builders, makers, and creators, so fostering(培养) 21st century skills may be as simple as giving kids room to play, tinker and try things out, even as they grow older; and the second piece of good news is that it doesn’t take 21st century technology to foster 21st century skills. This is especially important for under-resourced schools and communities. Taking whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important “maker” skills. And anyone, anywhere, can do it.
28. What does the author say about educators
A. They seek advice from technology companies to achieve teaching goals.
B. They have been successful in preparing the workforce for companies.
C. They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.
D. They partner with technology companies to enhance teaching efficiency.
29. How can educators better develop students’ STEM skills, according to the author
A. By blending them with traditional, stimulating activities.
B. By inviting business leaders to help design curriculums.
C. By enhancing students’ ability to think in a critical way.
D. By showing students the best way to learn is through play.
30. How do children acquire the skills needed for the 21st century
A. By engaging in activities involving specific technologies.
B. By playing with things to solve problems on their own.
C. By familiarizing themselves with high-tech gadgets.
D. By mastering basic principles through teamwork.
31. What does the author advise disadvantaged schools and communities to do
A. Train students to be makers to meet future market demands.
B. Develop students’ creative skills with the resources available.
C. Engage students with challenging tasks to foster their creativity.
D. Work together with companies to improve their teaching facilities.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着科技公司对具有STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)技能的员工的需求的增加，传统的动手游戏重新流行起来，STEM技能与传统的、动手的创造性活动相结合，是令今天的孩子成为明天的创造者和建设者的最佳方式。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. (老师们想让学生们为成功的未来做好准备)”可知，教育者帮助学生获得未来成功所需的技能。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Focusing on STEM skills is important, but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today’s children to be the makers and builders of tomorrow. (专注于STEM技能很重要，但现实情况是，STEM技能与传统的、动手的创造性活动相结合，会得到增强，更具相关性。事实证明，这种结合是让今天的孩子成为明天的创造者和建设者的最佳方式)”可知，作者认为通过将它们与传统的、刺激的活动相结合时教育者能更好的培养学生的STEM能力。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“In fact many experts argue that the most important 21st century skills aren’t related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity, skills like imagination, problem-finding and problem-solving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and take risks. These are skills acquired when kids tinker (鼓捣小玩意). (事实上，许多专家认为，21世纪最重要的技能与特定的技术或主题无关，而是与创造力、想象力、发现问题和解决问题、团队合作、乐观、耐心以及实验和冒险的能力等技能有关。这些都是孩子们在动手时习得的技能)”可知，孩子们鼓捣小玩意时获得创造力、想象力、发现问题和解决问题、团队合作、乐观、耐心以及实验和冒险的能力。故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“and the second piece of good news is that it doesn’t take 21st century technology to foster 21st century skills. This is especially important for under-resourced schools and communities. Taking whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important ‘maker’ skills. And anyone, anywhere, can do it. (第二个好消息是，培养21世纪的技能并不需要21世纪的技术。这对资源不足的学校和社区尤其重要。使用任何手边的材料并对其进行修补是一种使用这些重要的‘制造者’技能的简单方法。任何人在任何地方都可以做到。)”可知，对于弱势学校和社区，让孩子们使用手边的任何材料是把孩子们培养成为21世纪的“制造者”的最简单的方法，故选A项。
D
Dogs greet other dogs nose-first, as it were—sniffing each other from fore to (especially) aft. People are not quite so open about the process of sniffing each other out. But the size of the perfume industry suggests scent is important in human relations, too. There is also evidence that human beings can infer kinship (亲戚关系), deduce emotional states and even detect disease via the sense of smell.
Now, researchers of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, have gone a step further. They think they have shown, admittedly in a fairly small sample of individuals, that friends actually smell alike. They have also shown that this is probably the case from the beginning, with people picking friends at least partly on the basis of body odour (气味), rather than the body odours of people who become friends subsequently converging (趋同).
They stated their research by testing the odours of 20 pairs of established non-romantic, same-sex friends. They did this using an electronic nose and also two groups of specially employed human “smellers.” The e-nose employed a set of gas sensors to assess T-shirts worn by participants. One group of human smellers were given pairs of these shirts and asked to rate how similar they smelt. Those in the other group were asked to rate the odours of individual T-shirts on five subjective dimensions: pleasantness, intensity, attractiveness, competence and warmth. All three approaches yielded the same result. The T-shirts of friends smelt more similar to each other than the T-shirts of strangers. Friends, in other words, do indeed smell alike.
Why scent might play a role in forming friendships remains obscure. Other qualities related with being friends, including age, appearance, education, religion and race, are either immediately obvious or rapidly become so. But while some individuals have strong and noticeable body odour, many—at least since the use of soap has become widespread—do not. It is present. But it is subconscious.
32. Why are dogs and the perfume industry mentioned in Paragraph 1
A. To list some examples. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To make a comparison. D. To provide relevant evidence.
33. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. The body odour is the beginning of friendship.
B. People start to smell alike after becoming friends.
C. Many people are involved as the research samples.
D. Odour-matching may be a reason for being friends.
34. How did the researchers conduct the experiment
A. By trying to yield the same result with three approaches.
B. By testing the odours of 20 non-romantic friends of the same sex.
C. By asking each group to rate the odours of T-shirts on five dimensions.
D. By employing e-nose and human smellers to assess the odours of T-shirts.
35. What does the underlined word “obscure” in the last paragraph mean
A. Unclear. B. Important. C. Obvious. D. Subjective.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一个科学发现：气味可能在友谊的形成过程中起作用。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Dogs greet other dogs nose-first, as it were—sniffing each other from fore to (especially) aft. (狗与狗打招呼时先用鼻子，就像从前到后(尤其是)互相嗅对方一样。)”以及本段中“There is also evidence that human beings can infer kinship (亲戚关系), deduce emotional states and even detect disease via the sense of smell.(也有证据表明，人类可以通过嗅觉推断亲属关系，推断情绪状态，甚至检测疾病。)”可知，文章开头以狗狗为例，说明狗狗通过嗅觉来确定对方，由此为了引出文章的主题即人类也可以通过嗅觉推断亲属或者朋友关系，推断情绪状态。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Now, researchers of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, have gone a step further. They think they have shown, admittedly in a fairly small sample of individuals, that friends actually smell alike. (现在，以色列魏茨曼科学研究所的研究人员又向前迈进了一步。他们认为他们已经证明了——诚然，在相当小的个体样本中——朋友们的气味实际上是相似的。)”可知，以色列魏茨曼科学研究所的研究人员认为，朋友们的气味实际上是相似的。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“They stated their research by testing the odours of 20 pairs of established non-romantic, same-sex friends. They did this using an electronic nose and also two groups of specially employed human “smellers.” The e-nose employed a set of gas sensors to assess T-shirts worn by participants. (他们通过测试20对没有恋爱关系的同性朋友的气味来陈述他们的研究。他们使用电子鼻和两组专门雇佣的人类“嗅探员”来做到这一点。电子鼻使用了一套气体传感器来评估参与者穿的t恤。)”可知，研究人员通过使用电子鼻和人类嗅觉来评估T恤的气味，从而进行实验。故选D。
【35题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的句子“Other qualities related with being friends, including age, appearance, education, religion and race, are either immediately obvious or rapidly become so. But while some individuals have strong and noticeable body odour, many—at least since the use of soap has become widespread—do not. It is present. But it is subconscious.(与交朋友有关的其他品质，包括年龄、外貌、教育程度、宗教和种族，要么是显而易见的，要么很快就会显现出来。但是，虽然有些人有强烈而明显的体味，但大多数人——至少自从肥皂的使用变得普遍以来——并没有。它就在眼前。但这是潜意识的。)”可知，为什么气味可能在友谊的行程中起作用还不清楚。因此划线词obscure的意思为“不清楚”。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It now seems like years ago that Silicon Valley’s hoodie(连帽衫) culture made male executives’ wardrobes more casual across most industries. From financial companies to insurance companies, from insurers to automakers, traditional dress codes transformed into “dress appropriately”.
Now executive men in more traditional offices are figuring out how to dress down but still look professional, and those at tech firms are growing up and wondering how to dress up but-still look cool. “ ____36____ People shouldn’t be able to point out exactly why you look as good as you do,” said Nick Hart, founder of Spencer Hart. ____37____
The sneakers
Sneakers have gone totally exclusive, with eye-opening price tags to match. ____38____ So it’s commonly seen that Netflix CEO Reed Hastings and Snap CEO Evan Spiegel have shown a preference for wearing Salomon sneakers.
____39____
Of course, great jeans with a blazer and smart loafers, if not sneakers, is a modern classic look. Some handsome main brands include the JBrand Kane fit jeans, the AG Graduate fit, and the Frame L’ Homme, said Jacci J aye of Wall Street Stylist.
The glasses
____40____ Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella is often seen in a striking pair. For colorful frames that are not overly priced, you might try Eyebobs. The company has noted that top executives like Revlon chairman Ron Perelman have been spotted in them.
A. The loafers
B. The jeans
C. It should look effortless.
D. Many people like the expensive ones.
E. If you have to wear glasses, there’s no reason why they can’t add a touch of style.
F. Here are some items high-powered men are wearing when dressing for work and weekends.
G. Some executives even will throw down more than $ 1,000 for a pair.
【答案】36. C 37. F 38. G 39. B 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了一些成功男士的穿搭。
【36题详解】
根据下文“People shouldn’t be able to point out exactly why you look as good as you do”(人们不应该能够确切地指出你为什么看起来这么好)可知，本空为Nick所说的话的一部分，此处表示穿搭应该看起来毫不费力，达到既休闲又很专业的效果。但这种时尚又不是别人能轻易看出门道的。选项C“看起来应该毫不费力。”和下文意思一致。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Now executive men in more traditional offices are figuring out how to dress down but still look professional, and those at tech firms are growing up and wondering how to dress up but-still look cool. “ ____1____ People shouldn’t be able to point out exactly why you look as good as you do,” said Nick Hart, founder of Spencer Hart.”(现在，在更传统的办公室里，高管们正在研究如何打扮得得体，但看起来仍然很专业，而科技公司的高管们也在成长，想知道如何打扮，但看起来依然很酷。斯宾塞·哈特的创始人尼克·哈特说：“人们不应该确切地指出你为什么看起来这么好。”)和下文“The sneakers”(运动鞋)，“The glasses”(眼镜)可知，此空承上启下，前文描述现在传统办公室的男高管们想要穿得既休闲又看起来很专业，而科技公司的男高管们想要穿得正式又看起来很酷，但这种时尚又不是别人能轻易看出门道的。下文接着是引出成功男士所穿着的一些小物件。选项F“下面是一些高级男士在上班和周末着装时所穿的衣服。”和上下文意思一致。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Sneakers have gone totally exclusive, with eye-opening price tags to match.”(运动鞋已经变得完全独一无二，其价格标签令人瞠目结舌。)和下文“So it’s commonly seen that Netflix CEO Reed Hastings and Snap CEO Evan Spiegel have shown a preference for wearing Salomon sneakers.”(因此，Netflix首席执行官里德 黑斯廷斯（Reed Hastings）和Snap首席执行官埃文 斯皮格尔（Evan Spiegel）都倾向于穿Salomon运动鞋。)可知，前文提到现在一些球鞋价格昂贵，此处接着描述高管们仍愿意一掷千金只为一双球鞋，所以下文提到经常能看到一些高管们穿着salomon这个品牌的运动鞋。选项G“一些高管甚至会买一双鞋支付超过1000美元。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Of course, great jeans with a blazer and smart loafers, if not sneakers, is a modern classic look. Some handsome main brands include the JBrand Kane fit jeans, the AG Graduate fit, and the Frame L’ Homme, said Jacci J aye of Wall Street Stylist.”(当然，如果不是运动鞋的话，搭配运动夹克和休闲鞋的牛仔裤是现代经典造型。华尔街造型师Jacci J aye表示，一些帅气的主要品牌包括JBrand Kane合身牛仔裤、AG Graduate合身牛仔裤和Frame L’Homme。)可知，这一段内容介绍的主体为牛仔裤。选项B“牛仔裤”和下文意思一致。故选B。
【40题详解】
根据上文小标题“The glasses”(眼镜)可知，这一段主要讲述的是眼镜对时尚的影响。选项E“如果你必须戴眼镜，那就没有理由不能增添一点时尚感。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dale Carnegie, the person who became famous for his inspirational programs has empowered people all over the world. He once said, “Perhaps tomorrow you will forget the kind ____41____you say today, but the recipient (接受者) may ____42____them over a lifetime. ”When I read Carnegie’s comment I ____43____to reflect upon one of my activities during the ____44____few days. In my opinion, what I said has had a life changing effect on ____45____person with whom I had come in contact.
I ____46____that the previous morning I had a meeting with a recent graduate of Teachers’ College to interview her for a ____47____with my tutoring agency (辅导机构). We had ____48____met before, yet when our eyes met in the ____49____room at Tim Horton’s I knew right away who she was. _____50_____we sat down to talk I explained to her that out of all the people in the room, she was the one who stood _____51_____. She “looked exactly like a teacher”. I said that as a very _____52_____comment about the “presence” she showed and the way she _____53_____herself. She thanked me and then we went on with our _____54_____. But I could tell that my comment_____55_____a lot to her.
It is very clear that the lady who has far been _____56_____in her search for a chance to begin her career in teaching may have _____57_____the strength and inspiration. She is confident to carry on pursuing her dream of being in front of a _____58_____one day. She has obviously _____59_____the right career choice just _____60_____I told herthat she“looked like a teacher” .
41. A. actions B. notes C. words D. excuses
42. A. learn B. value C. search D. hate
43. A. offered B. promised C. agreed D. decided
44. A. previous B. next C. temporary D. latter
45. A. lovely B. extra C. another D. other
46. A. announced B. believed C. explained D. recalled
47. A. direction B. position C. choice D. situation
48. A. never B. seldom C. hardly D. often
49. A. bright B. crowded C. empty D. decorative
50. A. Until B. Since C. When D. While
51. A. out B. up C. by D. aside
52. A. different B. general C. positive D. particular
53. A. fetched B. carried C. took D. brought
54. A. speech B. lesson C. lecture D. meeting
55. A. changed B. served C. offered D. meant
56. A. unsuccessful B. poor C. unhappy D. wealthy
57. A. missed B. desired C. understood D. received
58. A. future B. class C. theatre D. stage
59. A. knew B. ordered C. made D. drew
60. A. because B. though C. if D. so
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以卡内基为例指出有时候我们说过的话自己都不记得了，但可能对听到这话的人产生极大影响。并引出了自己的人生故事，讲述了自己的正面评价对一个大学毕业求职的女孩产生了重大影响。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他曾经说过：“也许明天你会忘记今天所说的好话，但接受者可能会在一生中珍视它们。”A. actions 行动；B. notes 笔记；C. words 言语；D. excuses 借口。根据下文“what I said has had a life changing effect（我所说的话产生了改变生活的影响）”可知，此处指说的话产生的影响。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他曾经说过：“也许明天你会忘记今天所说的好话，但接受者可能会在一生中珍视它们。”。A. learn 学习；B. value 重视；C. search 研究；D. hate 讨厌。根据上文“Dale Carnegie, the person who became famous for his inspirational programs has empowered people all over the world.（戴尔·卡内基是一位因其励志节目而闻名的人，他赋予了全世界人民力量。）”可知，戴尔·卡内基影响大，即接收到他的话语、思想的人都很重视他所说的。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我读到卡耐基的评论时，我决定反思一下前几天我的一项活动。A. offered 提供；B. promised 保证；C. agreed 同意；D. decided 决定。根据下文“reflect upon one of my activities（反思一下前几天我的一项活动）”可知，此处表示作者看了卡耐基的评论，并受到影响，因此他才决定反思。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我读到卡耐基的评论时，我决定反思一下前几天我的一项活动。A. previous 之前的；B. next 其次的；C. temporary 暂时的；D. latter 后者的。根据上文“reflect upon one of my activities（反思一下前几天我的一项活动）”可知，反思的内容肯定是已经发生过的，即发生在之前的日子里。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，我所说的话对我接触过的另一个人产生了改变生活的影响。A. lovely 可爱的；B. extra 额外的；C. another 另一个的；D. other 其他的。根据上文“the recipient（接受者）”可知，就像接受了卡耐基的话语的人一样，作者反思的也是接了他的话语的人，即与她交流接触的另一个人。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回忆，前一天早上，我和一位刚毕业的师范学院毕业生开会，面试她是否能任职我的辅导机构的职位。A. announced 宣布；B. believed 相信；C. explained 解释；D. recalled 回忆。根据上文“reflect upon one of my activities（反思一下我的一项活动）”可知，反思与回想，回顾一下差不多。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回忆，前一天早上，我和一位刚毕业的师范学院毕业生开会，面试她是否能任职我的辅导机构的职位。A. direction 方向；B. position 职位；C. choice 选择；D. situation 处境。根据下文“She “looked exactly like a teacher” .（她“看起来很像老师”。）”可知，面试的原因肯定是看下她能不能在我的辅导机构做老师，即一个职位。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们以前从未见过面，但当我们的目光在蒂姆·霍顿拥挤的房间里相遇时，我马上就知道她是谁。A. never 从不；B. seldom 很少；C. hardly 几乎不；D. often 常常。根据下文“yet when our eyes met in the crowded room at Tim Horton’s I knew right away who she was.（但当我们的目光在蒂姆·霍顿拥挤的房间里相遇时，我马上就知道她是谁。）”可知，前后存在转折关系，即虽然两人从没见过，但是作者觉得认识她。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们以前从未见过面，但当我们的目光在蒂姆·霍顿拥挤的房间里相遇时，我马上就知道她是谁。A. bright 鲜艳的；B. crowded 拥挤的；C. empty 空的；D. decorative 装饰的。根据下文“out of all the people in the room, she was the one who stood out.（在房间里的所有人中，她是最突出的。）”可知，这个房间挤满了人。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们坐下来交谈时，我向她解释说，在房间里的所有人中，她是最突出的。A. Until 直到；B. Since 自从；C. When 当…时；D. While 然而。根据下文“I explained to her that out of all the people in the room, she was the one who stood out.（我向她解释说，在房间里的所有人中，她是最突出的。）”可知，在面试中能够向她解释，肯定是当他们进入面试流程了，坐下来交谈的时候。故选C项。
51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们坐下来交谈时，我向她解释说，在房间里的所有人中，她是最突出的。A. out 在外部；B. up 在上面；C. by 通过；D. aside 在旁边。根据下文“She “looked exactly like a teacher” .（她“看起来很像老师”。）”可知，作者一眼就看到这个女孩，因为她看起来像是一个老师，即她在人群中凸显出来了，而词组stand out 意为“突出，超群”符合语境。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我这么说是对她表现出的“存在”和她的行为举止一个非常积极的评价。A. different 不同的；B. general 普遍的；C. positive 积极的；D. particular 特殊的。根据上文“She “looked exactly like a teacher” .（她“看起来很像老师”。）”可知，对于一个应聘教师职位的人而言，这无疑是一个积极正面的评价。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我这么说是对她表现出的“存在”和她的行为举止一个非常积极的评价。A. fetched 抓；B. carried 携带；C. took 拿；D. brought 买。根据上文“She “looked exactly like a teacher” .（她“看起来很像老师”。）”可知，应聘老师的人行为举止应该像一个老师，而carry oneself意为“表现，行为举止”，符合语境。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她感谢了我，然后我们继续会议流程。A. speech 演讲；B. lesson 课程；C. lecture 演讲；D. meeting 会议。根据上文“I had a meeting with a recent graduate of Teachers’ College to interview her（我和一位刚毕业的师范学院毕业生开会，面试她）”可知，他们是在面试会议上交流。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我知道我的评价对她意味深重。A. changed 改变；B. served 可用作；C. offered 提供；D. meant 意味着。根据上文“what I said has had a life changing effect on another person with whom I had come in contact. （我所说的话对我接触过的另一个人产生了改变生活的影响。）”可知，影响很大，即代表着意味深重。故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这位女士一直没有成功寻找到开始教学生涯的机会，在我这她可能得到了力量和启发。A. unsuccessful 不成功的；B. poor 贫穷的；C. unhappy 不开心的；D. wealthy 富裕的。根据上文“I recalled that the previous morning I had a meeting with a recent graduate of Teachers’ College to interview her for a position with my tutoring agency (辅导机构).（我和一位刚毕业的师范学院毕业生开会，面试她是否能任职我的辅导机构的职位。）”可知，作为刚毕业的求职者，这位女孩肯定还没有成功找到工作机会。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这位女士一直没有成功寻找到开始教学生涯的机会，在我这她可能得到了力量和启发。A. missed 错过；B. desired 渴望；C. understood 理解；D. received 获得。根据上文“what I said has had a life changing effect（我所说的话产生了改变生活的影响）”可知，这足以改变生活的影响莫过于来自获得的力量和启发。故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有信心继续追求自己的梦想，有一天能站在教室前面。A. future 将来；B. class 教室；C. theatre 剧院；D. stage 舞台。根据上文“begin her career in teaching（开启教学生涯）”可知，她将来要站在讲台上，即教室的前面。故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她显然做出了正确的职业选择，因为我告诉她，她“看起来像个老师”。A. knew 知道；B. ordered 命令；C. made 做出，制造；D. drew 绘画。根据下文“career choice（职业选择）”可知，合适的动词搭配应该是“做选择”。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：她显然做出了正确的职业选择，因为我告诉她，她“看起来像个老师”。A. because 因为；B. though 即使；C. if 如果；D. so 所以。根据上文“what I said has had a life changing effect（我所说的话产生了改变生活的影响）”可知，作者对她产生的影响，原因在于作者说的话。故选A项。
第II卷 非选择题(50分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bigger isn’t always better. Just look at smartphones and personal computers. It is the continual shrinkage (缩小) of components that have caused the explosion of computing power and enabled these gadgets to be ____61____ (access) to people.
Inspired by this, researchers and scientists have been working on areas ____62____ making things small may mean big results. And this year, the Nobel Prize has broken the tradition of celebrating big by presenting the biggest prizes ____63____ discoveries on the smallest scales.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ____64____ (award) to a cellular-level experiment. The committee gave the award to Yoshinori Ohsumi of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, for his research on “autophagy”, ____65____ “self-eating” process seen in cells.
What’s more in ____66____ (recognize) of their working on the strange properties of matter in extreme states and ____67____ (take) their research all the way down to an atomic scale, the Nobel Prize for physics went to three British-born scientists who currently work in the U.S.
Another exceptional new field is ____68____ of nano-technology. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to a scientist who managed to build the world’s tiniest machines out of molecules. Small as the subjects are, the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge. More ____69____ (important), their invention may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind.
The ground-breaking discoveries in physics, “have started a firestorm of research, and it will only be less than a generation _____70_____ their research leads to advances as unimaginable to us now as lasers and computer chips were a hundred years ago,” Laura H. Greene, president-elect of the American Physical Society told The New York Times.
【答案】61. accessible
62. where 63. to
64. was awarded
65. a 66. recognition
67. taking 68. that
69. importantly
70. before
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章告诉我们大的并不一定就是好的，受此启发，研究人员和科学家一直在研究一些领域，把事情做得小可能意味着大结果，因而今年的诺贝尔奖也打破了传统，将最高奖项颁给了规模最小的发现。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：正是组件的不断缩小导致了计算能力的爆炸式增长，并使这些小工具能够为人们所用。结合句意及空前的to be以及空后的介词to可知应填形容词形式accessible，短语be accessible to意为“容易接近的，容易进入的”。故填accessible。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：受此启发，研究人员和科学家一直在研究一些领域，把事情做得小可能意味着大结果。结合句意空处所在句子为定语从句，先行词为areas，从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：今年，诺贝尔奖打破了传统，将最高奖项颁给了规模最小的发现。结合句意空处应填介词to，present…to…意为“赠送；授予”，固定搭配。故填to。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意；诺贝尔生理学或医学奖颁发给了一个细胞水平的实验。分析句子结构可知空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，且主语The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine与动词award之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：委员会将该奖项颁给了东京工业大学的Yoshinori Ohsumi，以表彰他对细胞中一种“自噬”过程的研究。结合句意及空后的名词process可知此处表示“一种过程”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意：更重要的是，为了表彰他们在极端状态下研究物质的奇怪性质，并将他们的研究一直延伸到原子尺度，诺贝尔物理学奖授予了三位目前在美国工作的英国出生的科学家。结合句意及空前的介词in和空后的介词of可知应填名词形式recognition，作宾语。in recognition of 意为“承认……而；为酬谢”，固定搭配。故填recognition。
【67题详解】
考查动名词。句意：更重要的是，为了表彰他们在极端状态下研究物质的奇怪性质，并将他们的研究一直延伸到原子尺度，诺贝尔物理学奖授予了三位目前在美国工作的英国出生的科学家。结合句意及空前的并列连词and以及前文的working可知应填动名词形式taking，作宾语。故填taking。
【68题详解】
考查代词。句意：另一个特殊的新领域是纳米技术。结合句意空处应填替代词that，that所替代的词可以是可数的，也可以是不可数的，此时的that相当于the+名词，此处相当于the field。故填that。
【69题详解】
考查副词。句意：更重要的是，他们的发明甚至可能最终转化为造福人类的产品。结合句意空处应填副词形式importantly，作整个句子的状语。故填importantly。
【70题详解】
考查连词。句意：物理学上的这些突破性发现，“已经掀起了一场研究风暴，在不到一代人的时间里，他们的研究就会带来我们现在无法想象的进步，就像一百年前的激光和计算机芯片一样。”美国物理学会当选主席Laura H. Greene告诉《纽约时报》。结合句意空处应填连词，依据空前的it will be less than a generation可知应填时间状语从句的引导词before，it will be +时间段+before…固定句型，意为“要过多久才会……”，故填before。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
At a young age, I repeatedly heard a sentence from my grandparents, “Honesty is the best policy.” I didn’t true understand it until I was nine, when I broke a window of our classroom after the school. As no one saw it, I hurried home and tell my family happily about my “good luck”. Therefore, my father seriously said to me, “You know our family mottos: Honesty is the best policy. You broke the window, and you should responsible for it.” The next day, I apologized for my teacher. Instead of blame me, my teacher praised myself for my honesty. All in all, be honesty, and you’ll benefit from it!
【答案】1.true→truly
2.去掉the
3.tell→told
4.Therefore→However
5.mottos→motto
6.在should后加be
7.for→to
8.blame→blaming
9.myself→me
10.honesty→honest
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“我”小时候打破教室窗户后溜之大吉，却被父亲教训要诚实，“我”主动向老师道歉后获得了老师的表扬，于是“我”真正理解了家训“诚实为上策”的含义。
【详解】1.考查副词。句意：我直到九岁时才真正明白，那天我放学后打破了我们教室的窗户。修饰动词understand应用副词truly表示“真正地”作状语。故将true改为truly。
2.考查冠词。句意：我直到九岁时才真正明白，那天我放学后打破了我们教室的窗户。after school意为“放学后”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用零冠词。故去掉the。
3.考查一般过去时。句意：因为没人看到，我赶紧回家，高兴地告诉我的家人我的“好运”。根据“I hurried home”可知，此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故将tell改为told。
4.考查副词。句意：但是，父亲严肃地对我说：“你知道我们家的格言：诚实为上策。你打破了窗户，你应该对此负责。”根据“Honesty is the best policy”和“about my “good luck””可知，前后构成转折关系，所以应用副词however表示“但是”作状语。故将Therefore改为However。
5.考查可数名词单复数。句意：但是，父亲严肃地对我说：“你知道我们家的格言：诚实为上策。你打破了窗户，你应该对此负责。”根据“Honesty is the best policy”可知，此处是指一条格言，motto意为“格言”，为可数名词，所以此处应用单数形式。故将mottos改为motto。
6.考查系动词和情态动词用法。句意：但是，父亲严肃地对我说：“你知道我们家的格言：诚实为上策。你打破了窗户，你应该对此负责。”be responsible for意为“对……负责”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用be动词。在情态动词should后be动词应用原形。故在should后加be。
7.考查介词。句意：第二天，我向老师道歉。根据“my teacher”可知，此处是指向某人道歉，apologize to意为“向……道歉”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词to。故将for改为to。
8.考查动名词。句意：老师非但没有责备我，反而表扬了我的诚实。在介词of后应用动名词作宾语。故将blame改为blaming。
9.考查代词。句意：老师非但没有责备我，反而表扬了我的诚实。句子主语为my teacher，和宾语并不相同，所以此处不应用反身代词作宾语，而应用宾格me。故将myself改为me。
10.考查形容词。句意：总之，要诚实，你会从中受益的！在be动词后应用形容词honest表示“诚实的”作表语。故将honesty改为honest。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 假定你是学生会主席李华，近期你学校开展“党在我心中”英文演讲比赛活动，你代表学生会邀请你的一位外籍老师Mary参加此次活动，并担任评委工作。内容包括：
1.活动时间和地点；
2.活动主题为“党在我心中”；
3.比赛主要议程。
4.期待参与。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.符合英文邀请函格式要求。
3.参考词汇：
中国共产党the Communist Party of China (or the CPC)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mary:
On behalf of our student union, I sincerely invite you to participate in an English speech contest and serve as a judge.
Aimed to raise the awareness of loving our Party, a speech contest themed “the CPC in my heart” will be held in Academic Reporting Hall at 3:00 p.m. on November 20. After all the competitors finish their speeches, each judge will make a comment on the speakers, and give a mark comprehensively. According to the scores, the competitors will be awarded different prizes. At the end of the competition, the winners will have photos taken with all the judges.
I am looking forward to your participation.
Yours
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教写一封学校活动的邀请信。
【详解】词汇积累
代表：On behalf of→ representing
真诚地：sincerely→ faithfully
参加：participate in→ join in → take part in
比赛：contest→ competition
旨在：aimed to→ intended to
评论：make a comment on→ comment on
综合地：comprehensively→ overall
期待：looking forward to→ anticipate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句1：At the end of the competition, the winners will have photos taken with all the judges.
拓展句1：When the competition come to an end, the winners will have photos taken with all the judges.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Aimed to raise the awareness of loving our Party, a speech contest themed “the CPC in my heart” will be held in Academic Reporting Hall at 3:00 p.m. on November 20.（运用了分词作状语。）
【高分句型2】After all the competitors finish their speeches, each judge will make a comment on the speakers, and give a mark comprehensively.（运用了时间状语从句。）
