2024年高考英语二轮复习测试（新高考九省专用卷）（一）
英语（全析全解）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的考生号、姓名、考点学校、考场号及座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分 7. 5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C。
1．What is the chair made of
A．Wood. B．Metal. C．Plastic.
【答案】C
【原文】W: This chair is unusual. Can you guess what material it is made of
M: Possibly a light metal.
W: No, a new kind of plastic.
2．What does the man think of the food in the restaurant
A．Boring. B．Special. C．Great.
【答案】A
【原文】W: How was your first day here in the restaurant
M: Great. I’ve enjoyed it. But the food we serve seems a bit boring.
W: What food do you think people like to eat
M: Well, I can try one of my special meals if you like.
3．Where does the man come from
A．New York. B．Washington. C．Los Angeles.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Where are you from, Karl New York or Los Angeles
M: I just told you yesterday, I’m from Washington, a city close to New York.
4．What is the next TV program
A．The news. B．A quiz show. C．A documentary about animals.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Do you know what’s on after the news Is it a quiz show
W: No, it’s a documentary about animals.
M: Oh, I like to watch programs about animals.
5．Where are the speakers
A．In a library. B．In a bookstore. C．At a coffee shop.
【答案】A
【原文】W: I’d like to check out these four books, please. By the way, is there a nice coffee shop around here
M: Yes, there’s one right down the street. Well, I’d like to remind you that your books are due in two weeks and please return them in time.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;完后，各小题给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What are the speakers doing
A．Cooking. B．Working. C．Eating.
7．What was put on the man’s finger
A．Cream. B．Bandage. C．Ice.
【答案】6．A 7．C
【原文】W: Well, the salad’s almost ready. How’s the beef going I’m starving.
M: So am I. The beef looks just about ready. Just one minute. Wow!
W: What’s the matter
M: Oh! My finger! I have burned my finger!
W: That’s terrible! I’ll get some ice and put it on your finger.
M: OK!
W: There!
M: Ah... ah... much better. The ice really works.
W: How does it feel
M: Oh! I feel well now! Thanks! Let’s eat.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Who does the book belong to
A．David. B．Mary. C．Nancy.
9．What can be known about the book
A．It sells very well.
B．It can be found in a few bookstores.
C．The book is aimed at students.
10．What will the woman do next
A．Look for the book in a bookstore.
B．Give Mary a call.
C．Bring the book right now.
【答案】8．B 9．A 10．B
【原文】W: What are you reading, David
M: The Hero Two Doors Down. I really love it.
W: Do you think I could borrow it when you’ve finished with it I’ve been looking all over for a copy, but apparently, it’s sold out at all the bookstores.
M: Oh, yeah. It’s been selling really well. But this copy isn’t mine. It belongs to Mary.
W: When do you think you’ll finish reading it
M: Tomorrow, I think.
W: So, I’ll call Mary and see what she says.
M: OK, Nancy. Let me know if she says yes so that I can give it to you as soon as I’m done.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至14题。
11．What does the woman say about the ski place
A．The snow is not good. B．It’s very crowded. C．She’s been to the place twice.
12．What did the stupid skier do to the woman
A．He took a picture of her. B．He stole her new gloves. C．He drove her into a tree.
13．How can the woman recognize the stupid skier
A．By his clothing. B．By his crazy laugh. C．By his hair and eyes.
14．What is the end of the story
A．The speakers find they both like jazz.
B．The man seems to be the stupid skier.
C．The man will teach the woman to ski.
【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B
【原文】M: Whew! It’s pretty cold today. Miss, do you often ski here
W: No, this is my first time. Actually, this is my first time skiing ever.
M: How do you like it so far
W: The snow is great, but it’s too crowded. You know, two people crashed into me on my first run, and some stupid skier was going too fast and drove me into a tree. I crashed and lost my gloves.
M: Wow, did the skier stop and apologize
W: No, he just laughed at me. Humph! You just wait until I find that guy.
M: Uh, what are you going to do to him
W: First, I’m going to break his skis. And then I will take a picture of him and post it on Facebook.
M: But how are you going to identify him
W: Oh, that’s easy. He was wearing bright red boots and a purple hat, um…just like yours.
M: Wait, wait! What do you mean Why are you looking at me You don’t think it was me, do you Um... do you like jazz music
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where are the two speakers
A．In a car. B．In a train. C．In a bus.
16．What are the speakers talking about
A．A travel to a new city. B．A light rail train. C．A traffic accident.
17．Who operates the train
A．The man. B．The train itself. C．Operators.
【答案】15．A 16．B 17．C
【原文】W: Look out!
M: Don’t worry. That’s a new light rail train. The new light rail system shares the road with street traffic.
W: For a second, I thought our car was going to run into it.
M: Didn’t you see the operator seated at the front of the train She watches out for other drivers.
W: I didn’t know the train have operators. I thought they were automatic.
M: No. They’re not like some forms of rapid transit.
W: I see that the trains ride on tracks and are powered by overhead electric lines.
M: That’s right.
W: I’d like to have a try on the light rail train.
M: OK, I’ll take you to the nearest stop. There’s the platform over there.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
18．How old is the speaker now
A．12 years old. B．15 years old. C．17 years old.
19．What did Lisa say when she was invited to a movie
A．She had to study.
B．She had watched the movie.
C．She had to see another friend.
20．What do we know about the woman and Lisa now
A．They hardly see each other.
B．They remain to be good friends.
C．They have fewer friends.
【答案】18．C 19．A 20．B
【原文】
Lisa is my best friend. She moved to Chicago from London with her family at a very young age. We first met when we were both just five years old. Her family lived next to mine, and we became friends as soon as we knew each other. We went to the same kindergarten and always played together. Now twelve years has passed. We have been friends all these years and we are still neighbors. However, at the beginning of this year I found that Lisa didn’t hang out with me as much as before. When I asked her to hang out with me, she said she was busy. One day, I asked her to go to a movie with me, but she said she bad to study for an exam at home. However, later that day, I saw her walking on the street with another girl. I became angry, ran up to her and asked her why she lied to me. That night, Lisa apologized. She said she wanted to make more friends. She didn’t tell me the truth because she was afraid she’d break my heart. After knowing the reason, I told her it was alright. Everyone needs new friends. I have also made some new friends. Now Lisa and I are still good friends. But we both have more friends than before.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Leafy greens are a great way to improve your health as they possess many vital nutrients, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. They are also low in calories, making them a good choice for those who want to manage their weight. The following salad leaves in your diet are highly recommended by nutritionists.
Spinach
Spinach is easy to get all year round. It is a good source of antioxidants, which can reduce the risk of many diseases, including heart disease and certain cancers. It’s best eaten uncooked, as part of a salad, as cooking tends to destroy the naturally occurring nutrients in the leaves.
Collard greens
Collard greens are a good source of lutein, which is important for eye health. They are full of vitamins A and C and minerals such as calcium, iron, zinc, copper and selenium, and are a good source of fibre. As with spinach, you can get them all year round.
Rocket
If you’re in the mood for a leafy green with a fresh, slightly bitter and peppery taste, consider adding rocket to your plate. Rocket is packed with nitrates — which studies have shown can boost performance in sports. Rocket is also rich in vitamins K and C, and calcium and polyphenols.
Romaine lettuce
Romaine lettuce is a good source of vitamins and minerals, including vitamin s A, K, C and folate. These nutrients are essential for maintaining overall health and supporting a health y immune system. Romaine is a source of fibre too, which is known to reduce your risk of heart disease, stroke, type 2diabetes and bowel cancer.
21．Why are the leafy greens a good option for people trying to control their weight
A．They are full of nutrients. B．They are affordable and tasty.
C．They contain very few calories. D．They are recommended by nutritionists.
22．Which food may be beneficial to eyes
A．Spinach. B．Collard greens. C．Rocket. D．Romaine lettuce.
23．What do spinach and romaine lettuce have in common
A．They must be cooked. B．They are available all year round.
C．They can boost performance in sports. D．They may lessen the possibility of heart disease.
【答案】21．C 22．B 23．D
【解析】本文是应用文。绿叶蔬菜是改善健康的好方法，因为它们含有许多重要的营养素、维生素、矿物质和抗氧化剂。它们的热量也很低，对于那些想要控制体重的人来说是一个不错的选择。文章主要介绍了营养师推荐的几种绿叶蔬菜。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“They are also low in calories, making them a good choice for those who want to manage their weight. (它们的热量也很低，对于那些想要控制体重的人来说是一个不错的选择。)”可知，绿叶蔬菜对于想要控制体重的人来说是一个不错的选择是因为它们含有很少的卡路里。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Collard greens部分中的“Collard greens are a good source of lutein, which is important for eye health. (羽衣甘蓝是叶黄素的良好来源，叶黄素对眼睛健康很重要。)”可知，Collard greens(羽衣甘蓝)对眼睛有好处，故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据Spinach部分中的“It is a good source of antioxidants, which can reduce the risk of many diseases, including heart disease and certain cancers. (它是抗氧化剂的良好来源，可以降低许多疾病的风险，包括心脏病和某些癌症。)”和Romaine lettuce部分中的“Romaine is a source of fibre too, which is known to reduce your risk of heart disease, stroke, type 2diabetes and bowel cancer. (罗马生菜也是纤维的来源，众所周知，它可以降低患心脏病、中风、2型糖尿病和肠癌的风险。)”可知，菠菜和罗马生菜的共同点是它们可能会降低患心脏病的可能性。故选D。
B
Most animals are active around people, which makes observing them in the wild a challenging effort for researchers. The issue is worsened with naturally shy creatures like emperor penguins (企鹅), who show signs of physical sorrow in front of humans.
The French scientist Le Maho and his team began a project to test if sending tiny robots to collect the required information would affect the penguins as harmfully. They began by fitting 34 emperor penguins with outside heart rate monitors, which could be read from a distance of 60 centimeters. They then sent a simple, four wheeled robot into a place of hatching penguins that were stationary because they were using their legs to protect eggs.
Though the penguins were a little alarmed and even cried, they did allow the robot to read their heart monitors. Even more encouraging was the fact that as soon as the robot stopped moving, the penguins' heart rates returned to normal, much more rapidly than when humans entered the place.
However, for the extremely shy emperor penguins it was still too disturbing. After some discussions, their first attempt failed terribly. Fortunately, the scientists decided to try to cover the robot as a penguin chick for Le Maho's team, a British production company working on a news film, and it was also trying getting into the penguin place using secret cameras. The two worked together to create a lovely chick robot that the emperor penguins immediately considered as one of their own.
Covered in soft fuzz (绒毛) just like a real baby emperor penguin, it is so believable that the chicks gather around it, just as they do with each other. The penguins not only accept the robot, but they even sing to it, and appear a little disappointed when the “chick” doesn't respond—an error the scientists plan to correct with the next group of robot penguins. Not surprisingly, the penguins show almost no stress as the lovely “spy” walks around the place, gathering all kinds of information about their day-to-day lives.
24．Once humans approach emperor penguins, they tend to .
A．show their shyness B．feel disturbed and sad
C．take action more actively D．dive into the sea right away
25．What does the underlined word “stationary” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Still. B．Strong. C．Hungry. D．Dynamic.
26．What is the advantage of the chick robot compared with the four wheeled robot
A．It has two creative working teams.
B．It has made less errors in gathering information.
C．It is more believable to get close to the real penguins.
D．It is more capable of communicating with the real penguins.
27．What will the scientists do with the next group of robot penguins
A．Fix new heart monitors to get accurate heart rates.
B．Develop their audio system and get them to sing.
C．Change their looks and make them look more lovely.
D．Improve the technique to restore their communicative function.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家利用“小鸡”机器人来收集帝企鹅的信息，以免这种企鹅在人类接近的时候感到不安和悲伤。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“The issue is worsened with naturally shy creatures like emperor penguins(企鹅), who show signs of physical sorrow in front of humans.(这个问题在像帝企鹅这样天生害羞的动物身上更加严重，它们在人类面前表现出身体上的悲伤)”以及第四段“However, for the extremely shy emperor penguins it was still too disturbing.(然而，对于极度害羞的帝企鹅来说，这仍然太令人不安了)”可知，一旦人类接近帝企鹅，它们往往会感到不安和悲伤。故选B。
25．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“because they were using their legs to protect eggs”可知，企鹅要用腿保护蛋，所以它们是静止的。故划线词意思是“静止的”。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Covered in soft fuzz (绒毛) just like a real baby emperor penguin, it is so believable that the chicks gather around it, just as they do with each other. The penguins not only accept the robot, but they even sing to it, and appear a little disappointed when the “chick” doesn't respond—an error the scientists plan to correct with the next group of robot penguins.(它被柔软的绒毛覆盖着，就像一只真正的小帝企鹅，它是如此可信，以至于小企鹅们聚集在它周围，就像它们彼此之间一样。企鹅们不仅接受了机器人，甚至还对着它唱歌，当“小鸡”没有回应时，它们显得有点失望——科学家们计划用下一组机器人企鹅来纠正这个错误)”可知，小鸡机器人与四轮机器人相比优势在于接近真实的企鹅，企鹅更容易相信。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据“Covered in soft fuzz (绒毛) just like a real baby emperor penguin, it is so believable that the chicks gather around it, just as they do with each other. (它被柔软的绒毛覆盖着，就像一只真正的小帝企鹅，它是如此可信，以至于小企鹅们聚集在它周围，就像它们彼此之间一样)”可推知，小鸡机器人因为有绒毛覆盖，所以被帝企鹅接受了，故推测科学家将要改变下一批机器企鹅的外表，让他们看起来更可爱。故选C。
C
Is future you It might seem like a strange philosophical question. But the answer to how you think about your future self could make the difference between decisions you ultimately find satisfying and ones you might eventually regret.
The brain patterns that emerge on an MRI (核磁共振成像) when people think about their future selves most like the brain patterns that arise when they think about strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, our future selves look like other people. If you see future you as a different person, why should you save money, eat healthier or exercise more regularly to benefit that stranger
However, if you see the interests of your distant self as more like those of your present self, you are considerably more likely to do things today that benefit you tomorrow. A paper in the journal PLoS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well-being. In a project led by Joseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 to 75, he found that those who perceived a great overlap (重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being more satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling out the initial survey.
So how can we better befriend our future selves and feel more connected to their fates The psychological mindset with what we call ”vividness interventions“ works. We have found, for instance, that showing people images of their older, grayer selves increases intentions to save for the long term. Besides, you might try writing a letter to-and then from-your future self. As demonstrated by Yuta Chishima and Anne Wilson in their 2020 study in the journal Self and Identity, when high-school students engaged in this type of ”send-and-reply“ exercise, they experienced elevated (升高的) levels of feelings of similarity with their future selves.
Letter-writing and visualization exercises are just a couple of ways we can connect with our future selves and beyond, but the larger lesson here is clear: If we can treat our distant selves as if they are people we love, care about and want to support, we can start making choices for them that improve our lives-both today and tomorrow.
28．What’s the function of paragraph 2
A．Generating further discussion. B．Introducing a research result.
C．Showing the effect of the finding. D．Concluding various viewpoints.
29．How does the author prove his statements
A．By offering relevant statistics. B．By using quotations.
C．By referring to previous findings. D．By making comparisons.
30．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Benefits of befriending our future selves.
B．Ways of connecting with our future selves.
C．Methods of changing psychological mindsets.
D．Possibilities of us becoming our future selves.
31．What does the article want to tell us
A．Making future plans makes a difference.
B．Our future selves look like other people.
C．Getting to know your future self benefits.
D．Your choice affects the fates of strangers.
【答案】28．A 29．C 30．B 31．C
【解析】这是一片说明文。文章主要介绍了与自己未来建立联系的好处，以及如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段“The brain patterns that emerge on an MRI(核磁共振成像)when people think about their future selves most like the brain patterns that arise when they think about strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, our future selves look like other people. If you see future you as a different person, why should you save money, eat healthier or exercise more regularly to benefit that stranger (当人们思考未来的自我时，核磁共振成像上出现的大脑模式最像是当他们思考陌生人时产生的大脑模式。这一发现表明，在大脑的眼中，我们未来的自己看起来和其他人一样。如果你把未来的自己视为一个不同的人，你为什么要省钱、吃得更健康或更经常地锻炼来造福那个陌生人？)”可推知，本段通过设问来引出下文，产生进一步的讨论，为什么要和未来的自己建立联系。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话到最后一句话“A paper in the journal PLoS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well-being. In a project led by Joseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 to 75, he found that those who perceived a great overlap(重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being more satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling out the initial survey. (《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要。在Joseph Reiff领导的一个项目中，包括5000名年龄在20岁至75岁之间的成年人，他发现那些认为自己现在和未来的品质有很大重叠的人，在完成最初的调查10年后，最终对自己的生活更加满意)”可推知，作者通过参考先前的发现来证明他的陈述。故选C。
30．主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句话“So how can we better befriend our future selves and feel more connected to their fates (那么，我们如何才能更好地与未来的自己成为朋友，并与他们的命运更加紧密地联系在一起呢？)”以及全段内容来看，本段主要介绍了与未来的自己联系的方式。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段中第二句话“But the answer to how you think about your future self could make the difference between decisions you ultimately find satisfying and ones you might eventually regret.(但是，你如何看待未来的自己的答案可能会决定你最终感到满意的决定和你最终可能后悔的决定)”及第三段的第二、三句话“A paper in the journal PLoS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well-being.(《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要)”和最后一段“Letter-writing and visualization exercises are just a couple of ways we can connect with our future selves and beyond, but the larger lesson here is clear: If we can treat our distant selves as if they are people we love, care about and want to support, we can start making choices for them that improve our lives-both today and tomorrow(写信和可视化练习只是我们与未来自我和未来自我联系的几种方式，但这里更大的教训是明确的：如果我们能把遥远的自我当作我们爱、关心和想要支持的人来对待，我们就能开始为他们做出选择，改善我们今天和明天的生活)”可知，文章介绍了与未来自己建立联系的好处，如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。由此推知，这篇文章想告诉我们了解未来的自己的利好处。故选C。
D
Have you ever forgotten items when trying to recall a shopping list Or dialed the wrong phone number when attempting to memorise one The brain mechanisms (机制) that cause us to draw a blank in such situations have now been identified.
Our working memory keeps small pieces of information that are readily accessible for planning, understanding and solving problems. But it will have “swap errors”. For example, if we are shown a red square and n blue circle, and are then asked what colour the circle was, we might say red,
To understand why we make such errors, Jeff Johnston at Columbia University and his colleagues recorded the brain activity of two monkeys because a monkey’s working memory is very similar to humans.
The monkeys were shown two differently coloured squares, one above the other, for half a second. After a short delay, a black spot appeared in the same location as one of the squares, and then disappeared. The animals were trained to tell the colour of the square they were supposed to be remembering based on the spot’s location, by staring at the matching colour on a rotatable (可旋转的) wheel. When doing this for about 3 hours over multiple sessions, the monkeys performed the task correctly between 60 and 82 percent of the time, but occasionally made swap errors.
The research suggests that the brain responses linked to swap errors emerged before the animals decided which colour to report. They appeared to arise during “selection” when certain items stored in working memory are enhanced at the expense of others, rather than occurring as a result of them forgetting or a failure to correctly encode (编码) items in their working memory.
“Everyone assumed there were simpler explanations like failure to encode or forgetting, but this very cool study shows that working memory errors come from a previously unknown source,” says Earl Miller at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The team is planning further experiments to gain a better understanding of mechanisms underlying swap errors.
32．What is the function of working memory
A．To identify the errors in understanding. B．To reduce the occurrence of mind blanking.
C．To develop the way of distinguishing colours. D．To store information at the ready for mental use.
33．What were the monkeys tasked with in the research
A．Correcting their errors over multiple sessions. B．Playing a matching game on a rotatable wheel.
C．Reporting the colour of the square to memorize. D．Figuring out the exact position of the black spot.
34．What does the research suggest about swap errors
A．They are unusual brain responses. B．They show a tendency for forgetfulness.
C．They have an effect on working memory. D．They are the outcome of memory selection.
35．What is Earl Miller’s attitude towards the research finding
A．Unclear. B．Appreciative. C．Objective. D．Dismissive.
【答案】32．D 33．C 34．D 35．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是工作记忆以及针对工作记忆为什么会出现错误的相关研究过程以及发现。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Our working memory keeps small pieces of information that are readily accessible for planning, understanding and solving problems. (我们的工作记忆保存着小块的信息，这些信息很容易用于计划、理解和解决问题)”可知，工作记忆的功能是把信息储存起来以备脑力使用。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段“The monkeys were shown two differently coloured squares, one above the other, for half a second. After a short delay, a black spot appeared in the same location as one of the squares, and then disappeared. The animals were trained to tell the colour of the square they were supposed to be remembering based on the spot’s location, by staring at the matching colour on a rotatable (可旋转的) wheel. (给猴子看两个不同颜色的方块，一个在另一个上面，持续半秒钟。在短暂的延迟后，一个黑点出现在与其中一个方块相同的位置，然后消失。动物们经过训练，通过盯着一个可旋转的轮子上的对应颜色，说出它们应该根据点的位置所记住的正方形的颜色。)”可知，在这项研究中，猴子的任务是报告要记忆的正方形颜色。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The research suggests that the brain responses linked to swap errors emerged before the animals decided which colour to report. They appeared to arise during “selection” when certain items stored in working memory are enhanced at the expense of others, rather than occurring as a result of them forgetting or a failure to correctly encode (编码) items in their working memory. (研究表明，与交换错误相关的大脑反应在动物决定报告哪种颜色之前就出现了。它们似乎是在“选择”过程中出现的，当储存在工作记忆中的某些项目以牺牲其他项目为代价而得到加强时，而不是由于他们忘记或未能正确编码工作记忆中的项目而出现的。)”可知，关于交换错误，研究表明是记忆选择的结果。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Everyone assumed there were simpler explanations like failure to encode or forgetting, but this very cool study shows that working memory errors come from a previously unknown source,” says Earl Miller at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (麻省理工学院的厄尔·米勒说：“每个人都认为有更简单的解释，比如编码失败或遗忘，但这项非常酷的研究表明，工作记忆错误来自一个以前未知的来源。”)”可推知，厄尔·米勒对研究发现的态度是积极欣赏的。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. 36
One of the winners of this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal, who is 68 years old and works at the University of Copenhagen. When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world.”
37 They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful. But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case. The researchers looked into past Nobel Prize winners and their students. 38 some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests. They are, in a way, learning how to be creative.
Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood, metal or in the arts than most scientists. The researchers also found that the Nobel winners have an open mind about their life experiences. Unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up their outside interests, 39
The researchers say that, even among people who do not win big prizes, those with many interests are often successful. They pointed to a 2022 report about students who study two major fields in college. 40 Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centered on only one study area.
A．That study plan is called a “double major”.
B．What we believe is of great benefits to them.
C．Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.
D．They discovered that if they helped each other afterwards,
E．Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity.
F．They found that when the students of winners went on to win Nobel Prizes,
G．But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.
【答案】36．G 37．C 38．F 39．E 40．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对诺贝尔奖获得者的研究发现，这些获奖者通常有多个领域的知识，广博的知识使他们在工作中能用不同的角度和方法思考问题。
36．根据上文“Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.(专家们经常告诉学生们，毕业后要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作)”及下文“When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world.”(在描述自己的职业生涯时，梅尔达尔说，他最初是一名工程师，但后来改行做化学，因为他“想了解这个世界”)”可知，专家们经常告诉学生们要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作，但是一些诺贝尔获奖者却做过不同的工作。由此可知，G. But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.(但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣很重要)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
37．根据上文“When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world.”(在描述自己的职业生涯时，梅尔达尔说，他最初是一名工程师，但后来改行做化学，因为他“想了解这个世界”)”可知，上文讲述了梅尔达尔的经历。下文“They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.(他们可能认为他们必须把他们的工作和学校生活集中在一个领域才能成功)”说明梅尔达尔的经历和他们认为的成功经验是不一样的。由此可知，C. Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.(梅尔达尔的经历可能会让学生们感到惊讶)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
38．根据上文“The researchers looked into past Nobel Prize winners and their students.(研究人员调查了过去的诺贝尔奖得主和他们的学生)”及下文“some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.(他们从老师那里学到的一些东西是如何过一种有多种兴趣的生活)”可知，此处在讲述过去的诺贝尔奖得主对他们的学生的影响。由此可知，F. They found that when the students of winners went on to win Nobel Prizes,(他们发现，当获奖者的学生后来获得诺贝尔奖时)能够承上启下，符合语境。其中students是关键词。故选F。
39．根据上文“Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood, metal or in the arts than most scientists. The researchers also found that the Nobel winners have an open mind about their life experiences. Unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up their outside interests,(诺贝尔奖得主在与木材、金属或艺术打交道方面的经验是大多数科学家的九倍。研究人员还发现，诺贝尔奖获得者对自己的生活经历持开放态度。不像许多人花很长时间在工作上，放弃他们的业余爱好)”可知，诺贝尔奖获得者兴趣广泛，而且不会放弃他们的业余爱好。由此可知，E. Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity.(诺贝尔奖得主认为他们的爱好对创造力很重要)能够衔接上文，符合语境。其中hobbies对应上文中的outside interests。故选E。
40．根据上文“They pointed to a 2022 report about students who study two major fields in college.(他们指出，2022年的一份报告是关于在大学里学习两个专业的学生的)”及下文“Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centered on only one study area.(双学位的学生往往比那些只专注于一个研究领域的学生更有创造力，对创业更感兴趣)”可知，此处在讲述双学位的问题。由此可知，A. That study plan is called a “double major”.(那个学习计划叫做“双学位”)能够承上启下，符合语境。其中double major是关键词。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A little girl was enjoying the beautiful garden in her home. Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants, which he 41 with great care.
The girl was 42 by a plant full of delicate flowers. She approached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she 43 that the plant was in a pile of filth (污秽). She could not tolerate the 44 of dirt with such fantastic flowers.
She worked out a plan to clean the plant. She 45 the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its 46 in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant on a clean stone and went away, proud that she had done a great 47 .
Later her father came to the garden and spotted the uprooted plant, which had lain 48 in the baking sun. His little daughter ran over to 49 her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reported 50 .
The father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant and told her that the filthy soil was the best 51 to grow that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the 52 soil for each plant. 53 , God provides each of us with the best 54 required for optimum (最佳) spiritual growth. But it may appear to be 55 and we may even complain to God about our difficulty.
41．A．weeded out B．brought up C．attended to D．fed on
42．A．caught B．attracted C．attacked D．shocked
43．A．recalled B．noted C．recognized D．concluded
44．A．formation B．presentation C．presence D．composition
45．A．held B．picked C．pulled D．dragged
46．A．flowers B．branches C．leaves D．roots
47．A．deed B．deal C．operation D．project
48．A．burning B．bathing C．breathing D．dying
49．A．confirm B．exhibit C．evaluate D．celebrate
50．A．innocently B．distantly C．decisively D．thoughtlessly
51．A．shelter B．medicine C．medium D．venue
52．A．right B．same C．dirty D．loose
53．A．Moreover B．Likewise C．Rather D．Nevertheless
54．A．environment B．mode C．neighbourhood D．opportunity
55．A．invisible B．disorganized C．improper D．unpleasant
【答案】
41．C 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．C 46．D 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．C 52．A 53．B 54．A 55．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩好心办了坏事，在看到美丽的花长在污泥中后，她把花从泥土中拔起，清洗了根部的泥土，差点让花死掉，而父亲教育她污泥恰是种植这株植物的最佳培养基。上帝实际上也为我们每个人提供了最佳的精神成长环境，虽然有时这种环境并不令人愉快。
41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的父亲收集了很多珍贵的稀有植物，他非常细心地照料这些植物。A. weeded out清除；B. brought up抚养；C. attended to照料；D. fed on以……为食。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词rare and prized plants作补充说明，先行词在从句中作空处谓语的宾语，再结合下文“with great care”可知，她的父亲应该是细心地照料这些珍贵的稀有植物。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩被一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引。A. caught捕捉；B. attracted吸引；C. attacked攻击；D. shocked震惊。根据下文“She approached it and admired its striking beauty.”可知，女孩走过去欣赏这株美丽的植物，因此是被它吸引。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，她注意到这株植物长在一堆污泥中。A. recalled回忆起；B. noted注意到；C. recognized辨认出；D. concluded得出结论。根据下文“that the plant was in a pile of filth”可推知，植物长在一堆污泥中是女孩走近后注意到的情况。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不能容忍这样美丽的花上存在泥土。A. formation形成；B. presentation展示；C. presence存在；D. composition组成。根据上文“that the plant was in a pile of filth”可知，植物长在一堆污泥中，因此女孩是觉得花上不应该存在泥土。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来，用自来水冲洗根部，直到所有的泥土都被洗干净。A. held握着；B. picked采，摘；C. pulled拔出；D. dragged拖，拉。根据下文“the plant with all her might from the dirt”可推知，她是用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来。故选C。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来，用自来水冲洗根部，直到所有的泥土都被洗干净。A. flowers花；B. branches树枝；C. leaves叶子；D. roots根。根据上文“She the plant with all her might from the dirt”和常识可知，从泥土里出来的植物根部会有泥土，因此是用自来水冲洗根部。故选D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她把植物放在一块干净的石头上便离开了，她为自己做了一件好事而自豪。A. deed行为；B. deal交易；C. operation操作；D. project项目。根据上文“She the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away.”可知，女孩想办法清除了这株植物上的泥土，由此推之，她会觉得自己为植物做了件好事，do a good deed是固定短语，意为“做一件好事”。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她的父亲来到花园，发现了那棵被连根拔起的植物，它已经在烈日下奄奄一息了。A. burning燃烧；B. bathing洗澡；C. breathing呼吸；D. dying死亡。根据下文“The father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant”可知，被连根拔起的植物在烈日下快死了。故选D。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的小女儿跑过来展示她的成就。A. confirm确认；B. exhibit展示；C. evaluate评估；D. celebrate庆祝。根据上文“proud that she had done a great ”可知，女孩对自己做的事情感到很骄傲，因此会向父亲展示自己的成就。故选B。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“爸爸，我把它清理干净了。”她天真地说。A. innocently天真地；B. distantly遥远地；C. decisively果断地；D. thoughtlessly漫不经心地。根据上文“I have cleaned it, Daddy”可知，女孩认为自己清理了这株植物上的污泥，是做了正确的事情，却不知道自己犯了错误，因此是天真地说话。故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲告诉她，她的处理方法几乎杀死了那株植物，并告诉她污秽的泥土是种植那株植物的最佳培养基。A. shelter庇护所；B. medicine药物；C. medium培养基；D. venue场所。根据上文“the filthy soil”和下文“to grow that plant”可推知，污秽的泥土应该是种植该植物的最佳培养基。故选C。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个好的园丁会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。A. right合适的；B. same相同的；C. dirty脏的；D. loose松的。根据上文“A great gardener”可推知，好的园丁熟知植物的习性，会为植物混合合适的土壤。故选A。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝也为我们每个人提供最佳的精神成长环境。A. Moreover此外；B. Likewise同样地；C. Rather相反地；D. Nevertheless然而。根据上文“A great gardener mixes the soil for each plant.”和下文“God provides each of us with the best required for optimum (最佳) spiritual growth.”可知，作者从园丁培育植物谈到上帝培育人的精神成长，两者有相似之处，应用Likewise“同样地”来衔接。故选B。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝也为我们每个人提供最佳的精神成长环境。A. environment环境；B. mode模式；C. neighbourhood街区；D. opportunity机会。根据上文“soil for each plant”可推知，此处是类比，土壤之于植物，正如环境之于人。故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它可能看起来不愉快，我们甚至可能向上帝抱怨我们的困难。A. invisible看不见的；B. disorganized混乱的；C. improper不适当的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据下文“we may even complain to God about our difficulty”可知，我们可能会向上帝抱怨我们的困难，因此指它可能看起来不愉快。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatable Brick Beds Warm NE China Homes
In northeast China’s chilly winter, getting into a warm bed is made possible by an ancient heatable brick bed that could date back more than two thousand years 56 is still widely used today. These beds not only bring warmth to local residents, but also continue the folk culture of northeast China.
The bed is made of bricks or other forms of fired clay with 57 width of about1.7m to 2.3 m and a length that can be determined according to the length of the bedroom. It uses a ducted heating system similar to the Roman hypocaust, 58 (compose) of a stove, a bed and a chimney. The stove 59 (use) to burn firewood. Smoke and heat generated by burning firewood pass through an internal hollow and curved flue system to heat the bed above. Smoke is eventually discharged outward through the chimney. The bed retains heat well, 60 enables people 61 (have) a comfortable sleeping environment in the cold winter. In addition, 62 (sleep) on the heatable brick bed for a prolonged period is good for the blood 63 (circulate) and metabolism of the body, and can relieve some diseases such as arthritis and waist and leg pain.
The heatable brick bed is not only used as a bed, but also a living area for the family. People 64 (routine) have their meals and family 65 (gathering) on the bed in cold winters. The bed is a symbol of home that embodies the emotion and love they feel towards their families.
【答案】
56．and 57．a 58．composed 59．is used 60．which 61．to have 62．sleeping 63．circulation 64．routinely 65．gatherings
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍中国东北火炕的历史、构造、功能等。它不仅给当地居民带来了温暖，而且延续了中国东北的文化。
56．考查连词。句意：在中国东北寒冷的冬天里，一张古老的可加热的火炕使人们躺在温暖的炕上成为可能，这种火炕有2000多年的历史且今天仍被广泛使用。that引导定语从句，从句中谓语“could date back…”与“is still widely used today”并列，故填and。
57．考查冠词。句意：这种火炕是由砖或其它形式的烧制陶土做成的，宽度为1.7米到2.3米，长度则根据房间的长度来确定。a width of是固定搭配，意为“宽度为”，故填a。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：它使用类似于罗马人的地暖火坑那样的管道加热系统，由一个火炉，一张床和一个烟囱组成。“be composed of”意为“由……组成”，此处省略be，用过去分词做后置定语，故填composed。
59．考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：这种炉子被用来燃烧柴火。分析句子成分可知该句缺谓语，描述现在的事实用一般现在时，且主语stove与谓语use是被动关系，主语为单数，故填is used。
60．考查定语从句。句意：这种火炕保温性能好，这使人们在寒冷的冬天有一个舒适的睡眠环境。该空前是一个完整的句子，且有逗号隔开，由此分析可知后面是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系代词在从句中做主语，故填which。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能做某事”，不定式在句中做宾语补足语，故填to have。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：除此之外，长期睡在可加热的火炕上对血液循环和身体的新陈代谢有好处，能减少疾病，如：关节炎，腰疼和腿疼。分析句子结构可知，该句缺主语，动名词做主语表示习惯性、经常行的动作，故填sleeping。
63．考查名词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处需用名词作宾语，circulation“循环”，不可数，故填circulation。
64．考查副词。句意：在寒冷的冬天里，人们通常在火炕上吃饭和家庭聚会。分析句子结构可知，此处需要用副词做状语修饰谓语动词have，故填routinely。
65．考查名词的单复数。句意同上。gathering是可数名词，设空处和前面的名词meals 构成并列关系，用复数形式，故填gatherings.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友George来信说他对中国人贴春联(Spring Festival couplets)的习俗很感兴趣，希望给他回信简要介绍一下。内容包括：
1.贴春联的习俗；2.春联的寓意。
注意：
1.词数80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear George,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours;
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear George,
Very glad to hear from you. I’ve learned that you show great interest in Chinese Spring Festival Couplets. Here, I’ll tell you something about it.
Spring Festival Couplet, Chunlian in Chinese, is the most common and important custom when celebrating Chinese New Year. The tradition dates back to thousands of years ago. With black or golden characters written on red paper, Spring Festival Couplets are composed of a pair of poetry lines pasted on the front door. Putting up couplets expresses people’s delight and hopes for a better life in the coming new year.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的美国朋友George来信说他对中国人贴春联(Spring Festival couplets)的习俗很感兴趣，希望给他回信简要介绍一下。内容包括：1.贴春联的习俗；2.春联的寓意。
1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→happy
重要的：important→significant
追溯到：date back to→date from
由……组成：be composed of=be made up of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With black or golden characters written on red paper, Spring Festival Couplets are composed of a pair of poetry lines pasted on the front door.
拓展句：With black or golden characters written on red paper, Spring Festival Couplets are composed of a pair of poetry lines, which are pasted on the front door.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’ve learned that you show great interest in Chinese Spring Festival Couplets.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Spring Festival Couplet, Chunlian in Chinese, is the most common and important custom when celebrating Chinese New Year. （运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Katie was happily jumping rope on the grass in front of her house facing the expansive city park just across the road. The neighborhood residents often enjoyed walking around the lake in the park, and on this pleasant day, with the sun casting its warm light, Katie spent the unhurried moments devoted to her jumping routine.
Her thoughts were focused on her jumping: how to match the spinning of the jump rope in her hands and the jumping of her feet so that they didn’t get mixed, causing her to trip. When her mind and muscles were working together, and when every move flowed smoothly, all of it felt pretty good in the afternoon sunshine. While jumping, she remembered that her grandmother had given her the jump rope for Christmas. She knew that her grandmother didn’t have a lot of money and had to save up to buy the jump rope for her. Before Christmas, her grandmother had taken her to some toy shops to look at different things, hoping to find out what Katie wanted. When Katie finally got the gift, it was not just a jump rope but the very jump rope she had wanted for a long time. She felt especially loved by her considerate grandmother.
The warmth of the afternoon sun enhanced the joy Katie felt as she skipped along. Suddenly a boy rushed across the road to her. Without any warning he robbed her of her jump rope, shouting, “Give me that” and raced back across the road towards the park.
Empty-handed, Katie was left in confusion. It took her a while to recover from the shock. When she came to her senses and realized the theft of her grandma’s gift, tear swelled up. A wave of anger and disappointment swept over her. But in that moment of upset, something unusual in the park captured her attention.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Following the boy quickly, she spotted a group of kids crying anxiously by the lake.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After making sure the drowning girl was okay, the boy walked up to Katie with the jump rope.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Following the boy quickly, she spotted a group of kids crying anxiously by the lake. The boy who had taken her jump rope was sprinting towards them. As Katie neared the water, she saw, to her horror, a little girl was struggling in the water. The boy was throwing one end of Katie’s jump rope out for the child to grab. Fortunately, the little girl caught hold of it. Without a moment’s hesitation, Katie stepped forward to lend a helping hand. Working in tandem, they pulled the child onto the bank.
After making sure the drowning girl was okay, the boy walked up to Katie with the jump rope. Handing it to Katie, he gave a shy smile and apologized, “I’m sorry if I frightened you just now, but I had to act quickly in an emergency. I can’t swim, you know. It was your jump rope that served as a lifeline.” Katie’s initial anger had transformed into appreciation for the boy’s quick response to save the little girl. She replied she didn’t mind her jump rope being snatched at all. Instead, she was glad about the part her jump rope had played in the rescue.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Katie一天在公园跳绳，绳子是祖母省吃俭用给她买的，Katie很珍惜，但是突然一个男孩抢走了跳绳，当Katie追过去时，发现男孩是为了救一个溺水的女孩，Katie立马上去帮忙，救下女孩后，男孩向Katie道歉，Katie为她的跳绳能救人感到由衷的高兴。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她迅速跟在男孩后面，发现一群孩子在湖边焦急地哭泣。”可知，第一段可描写Katie发现男孩抢她的跳绳的目的是救人，她也立马上去帮忙。
②由第二段首句内容“在确定溺水的女孩安然无恙后，男孩拿着跳绳走向凯蒂。”可知，第二段可描写男孩向Katie道歉，Katie为自己的跳绳在营救中发挥的作用感到高兴。
2. 续写线索：在公园跳绳——跳绳被抢——追过去，发现是在救人——帮忙——道歉——感到高兴。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①冲刺：sprint/dash/rush
②抓住：catch hold of/grab/grasp
③惊吓：frighten/scare/horrify
情绪类
①愤怒：anger/rage/fury
②感激：appreciation/thankfulness/gratitude
【点睛】[高分句型1]As Katie neared the water, she saw, to her horror, a little girl was struggling in the water.(as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]She replied she didn’t mind her jump rope being snatched at all.(省略that的宾语从句)2024年高考英语二轮复习测试卷（新高考九省专用卷） （二）
英语·答题卡
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2
．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5
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3
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4
．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。
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第四部分 写作
(共两节 满分40分)
第一节
应用文 (满分15分)
____
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
读后续写
(满分25分)
Following the boy quickly, she spotted a group of kids crying anxiously by the lake.
___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After making sure the drowning girl was okay, the boy walked up to Katie with the jump rope.
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请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
)2024年高考英语二轮复习测试（新高考九省专用卷）（一）
英语（全析全解）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的考生号、姓名、考点学校、考场号及座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分 7. 5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C。
1．What is the chair made of
A．Wood. B．Metal. C．Plastic.
2．What does the man think of the food in the restaurant
A．Boring. B．Special. C．Great.
3．Where does the man come from
A．New York. B．Washington. C．Los Angeles.
4．What is the next TV program
A．The news. B．A quiz show. C．A documentary about animals.
5．Where are the speakers
A．In a library. B．In a bookstore. C．At a coffee shop.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;完后，各小题给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What are the speakers doing
A．Cooking. B．Working. C．Eating.
7．What was put on the man’s finger
A．Cream. B．Bandage. C．Ice.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Who does the book belong to
A．David. B．Mary. C．Nancy.
9．What can be known about the book
A．It sells very well.
B．It can be found in a few bookstores.
C．The book is aimed at students.
10．What will the woman do next
A．Look for the book in a bookstore.
B．Give Mary a call.
C．Bring the book right now.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至14题。
11．What does the woman say about the ski place
A．The snow is not good. B．It’s very crowded. C．She’s been to the place twice.
12．What did the stupid skier do to the woman
A．He took a picture of her. B．He stole her new gloves. C．He drove her into a tree.
13．How can the woman recognize the stupid skier
A．By his clothing. B．By his crazy laugh. C．By his hair and eyes.
14．What is the end of the story
A．The speakers find they both like jazz.
B．The man seems to be the stupid skier.
C．The man will teach the woman to ski.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where are the two speakers
A．In a car. B．In a train. C．In a bus.
16．What are the speakers talking about
A．A travel to a new city. B．A light rail train. C．A traffic accident.
17．Who operates the train
A．The man. B．The train itself. C．Operators.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
18．How old is the speaker now
A．12 years old. B．15 years old. C．17 years old.
19．What did Lisa say when she was invited to a movie
A．She had to study.
B．She had watched the movie.
C．She had to see another friend.
20．What do we know about the woman and Lisa now
A．They hardly see each other.
B．They remain to be good friends.
C．They have fewer friends.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Leafy greens are a great way to improve your health as they possess many vital nutrients, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. They are also low in calories, making them a good choice for those who want to manage their weight. The following salad leaves in your diet are highly recommended by nutritionists.
Spinach
Spinach is easy to get all year round. It is a good source of antioxidants, which can reduce the risk of many diseases, including heart disease and certain cancers. It’s best eaten uncooked, as part of a salad, as cooking tends to destroy the naturally occurring nutrients in the leaves.
Collard greens
Collard greens are a good source of lutein, which is important for eye health. They are full of vitamins A and C and minerals such as calcium, iron, zinc, copper and selenium, and are a good source of fibre. As with spinach, you can get them all year round.
Rocket
If you’re in the mood for a leafy green with a fresh, slightly bitter and peppery taste, consider adding rocket to your plate. Rocket is packed with nitrates — which studies have shown can boost performance in sports. Rocket is also rich in vitamins K and C, and calcium and polyphenols.
Romaine lettuce
Romaine lettuce is a good source of vitamins and minerals, including vitamin s A, K, C and folate. These nutrients are essential for maintaining overall health and supporting a health y immune system. Romaine is a source of fibre too, which is known to reduce your risk of heart disease, stroke, type 2diabetes and bowel cancer.
21．Why are the leafy greens a good option for people trying to control their weight
A．They are full of nutrients. B．They are affordable and tasty.
C．They contain very few calories. D．They are recommended by nutritionists.
22．Which food may be beneficial to eyes
A．Spinach. B．Collard greens. C．Rocket. D．Romaine lettuce.
23．What do spinach and romaine lettuce have in common
A．They must be cooked. B．They are available all year round.
C．They can boost performance in sports. D．They may lessen the possibility of heart disease.
B
Most animals are active around people, which makes observing them in the wild a challenging effort for researchers. The issue is worsened with naturally shy creatures like emperor penguins (企鹅), who show signs of physical sorrow in front of humans.
The French scientist Le Maho and his team began a project to test if sending tiny robots to collect the required information would affect the penguins as harmfully. They began by fitting 34 emperor penguins with outside heart rate monitors, which could be read from a distance of 60 centimeters. They then sent a simple, four wheeled robot into a place of hatching penguins that were stationary because they were using their legs to protect eggs.
Though the penguins were a little alarmed and even cried, they did allow the robot to read their heart monitors. Even more encouraging was the fact that as soon as the robot stopped moving, the penguins' heart rates returned to normal, much more rapidly than when humans entered the place.
However, for the extremely shy emperor penguins it was still too disturbing. After some discussions, their first attempt failed terribly. Fortunately, the scientists decided to try to cover the robot as a penguin chick for Le Maho's team, a British production company working on a news film, and it was also trying getting into the penguin place using secret cameras. The two worked together to create a lovely chick robot that the emperor penguins immediately considered as one of their own.
Covered in soft fuzz (绒毛) just like a real baby emperor penguin, it is so believable that the chicks gather around it, just as they do with each other. The penguins not only accept the robot, but they even sing to it, and appear a little disappointed when the “chick” doesn't respond—an error the scientists plan to correct with the next group of robot penguins. Not surprisingly, the penguins show almost no stress as the lovely “spy” walks around the place, gathering all kinds of information about their day-to-day lives.
24．Once humans approach emperor penguins, they tend to .
A．show their shyness B．feel disturbed and sad
C．take action more actively D．dive into the sea right away
25．What does the underlined word “stationary” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Still. B．Strong. C．Hungry. D．Dynamic.
26．What is the advantage of the chick robot compared with the four wheeled robot
A．It has two creative working teams.
B．It has made less errors in gathering information.
C．It is more believable to get close to the real penguins.
D．It is more capable of communicating with the real penguins.
27．What will the scientists do with the next group of robot penguins
A．Fix new heart monitors to get accurate heart rates.
B．Develop their audio system and get them to sing.
C．Change their looks and make them look more lovely.
D．Improve the technique to restore their communicative function.
C
Is future you It might seem like a strange philosophical question. But the answer to how you think about your future self could make the difference between decisions you ultimately find satisfying and ones you might eventually regret.
The brain patterns that emerge on an MRI (核磁共振成像) when people think about their future selves most like the brain patterns that arise when they think about strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, our future selves look like other people. If you see future you as a different person, why should you save money, eat healthier or exercise more regularly to benefit that stranger
However, if you see the interests of your distant self as more like those of your present self, you are considerably more likely to do things today that benefit you tomorrow. A paper in the journal PLoS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well-being. In a project led by Joseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 to 75, he found that those who perceived a great overlap (重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being more satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling out the initial survey.
So how can we better befriend our future selves and feel more connected to their fates The psychological mindset with what we call ”vividness interventions“ works. We have found, for instance, that showing people images of their older, grayer selves increases intentions to save for the long term. Besides, you might try writing a letter to-and then from-your future self. As demonstrated by Yuta Chishima and Anne Wilson in their 2020 study in the journal Self and Identity, when high-school students engaged in this type of ”send-and-reply“ exercise, they experienced elevated (升高的) levels of feelings of similarity with their future selves.
Letter-writing and visualization exercises are just a couple of ways we can connect with our future selves and beyond, but the larger lesson here is clear: If we can treat our distant selves as if they are people we love, care about and want to support, we can start making choices for them that improve our lives-both today and tomorrow.
28．What’s the function of paragraph 2
A．Generating further discussion. B．Introducing a research result.
C．Showing the effect of the finding. D．Concluding various viewpoints.
29．How does the author prove his statements
A．By offering relevant statistics. B．By using quotations.
C．By referring to previous findings. D．By making comparisons.
30．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Benefits of befriending our future selves.
B．Ways of connecting with our future selves.
C．Methods of changing psychological mindsets.
D．Possibilities of us becoming our future selves.
31．What does the article want to tell us
A．Making future plans makes a difference.
B．Our future selves look like other people.
C．Getting to know your future self benefits.
D．Your choice affects the fates of strangers.
D
Have you ever forgotten items when trying to recall a shopping list Or dialed the wrong phone number when attempting to memorise one The brain mechanisms (机制) that cause us to draw a blank in such situations have now been identified.
Our working memory keeps small pieces of information that are readily accessible for planning, understanding and solving problems. But it will have “swap errors”. For example, if we are shown a red square and n blue circle, and are then asked what colour the circle was, we might say red,
To understand why we make such errors, Jeff Johnston at Columbia University and his colleagues recorded the brain activity of two monkeys because a monkey’s working memory is very similar to humans.
The monkeys were shown two differently coloured squares, one above the other, for half a second. After a short delay, a black spot appeared in the same location as one of the squares, and then disappeared. The animals were trained to tell the colour of the square they were supposed to be remembering based on the spot’s location, by staring at the matching colour on a rotatable (可旋转的) wheel. When doing this for about 3 hours over multiple sessions, the monkeys performed the task correctly between 60 and 82 percent of the time, but occasionally made swap errors.
The research suggests that the brain responses linked to swap errors emerged before the animals decided which colour to report. They appeared to arise during “selection” when certain items stored in working memory are enhanced at the expense of others, rather than occurring as a result of them forgetting or a failure to correctly encode (编码) items in their working memory.
“Everyone assumed there were simpler explanations like failure to encode or forgetting, but this very cool study shows that working memory errors come from a previously unknown source,” says Earl Miller at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The team is planning further experiments to gain a better understanding of mechanisms underlying swap errors.
32．What is the function of working memory
A．To identify the errors in understanding. B．To reduce the occurrence of mind blanking.
C．To develop the way of distinguishing colours. D．To store information at the ready for mental use.
33．What were the monkeys tasked with in the research
A．Correcting their errors over multiple sessions. B．Playing a matching game on a rotatable wheel.
C．Reporting the colour of the square to memorize. D．Figuring out the exact position of the black spot.
34．What does the research suggest about swap errors
A．They are unusual brain responses. B．They show a tendency for forgetfulness.
C．They have an effect on working memory. D．They are the outcome of memory selection.
35．What is Earl Miller’s attitude towards the research finding
A．Unclear. B．Appreciative. C．Objective. D．Dismissive.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. 36
One of the winners of this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal, who is 68 years old and works at the University of Copenhagen. When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world.”
37 They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful. But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case. The researchers looked into past Nobel Prize winners and their students. 38 some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests. They are, in a way, learning how to be creative.
Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood, metal or in the arts than most scientists. The researchers also found that the Nobel winners have an open mind about their life experiences. Unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up their outside interests, 39
The researchers say that, even among people who do not win big prizes, those with many interests are often successful. They pointed to a 2022 report about students who study two major fields in college. 40 Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centered on only one study area.
A．That study plan is called a “double major”.
B．What we believe is of great benefits to them.
C．Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.
D．They discovered that if they helped each other afterwards,
E．Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity.
F．They found that when the students of winners went on to win Nobel Prizes,
G．But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A little girl was enjoying the beautiful garden in her home. Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants, which he 41 with great care.
The girl was 42 by a plant full of delicate flowers. She approached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she 43 that the plant was in a pile of filth (污秽). She could not tolerate the 44 of dirt with such fantastic flowers.
She worked out a plan to clean the plant. She 45 the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its 46 in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant on a clean stone and went away, proud that she had done a great 47 .
Later her father came to the garden and spotted the uprooted plant, which had lain 48 in the baking sun. His little daughter ran over to 49 her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reported 50 .
The father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant and told her that the filthy soil was the best 51 to grow that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the 52 soil for each plant. 53 , God provides each of us with the best 54 required for optimum (最佳) spiritual growth. But it may appear to be 55 and we may even complain to God about our difficulty.
41．A．weeded out B．brought up C．attended to D．fed on
42．A．caught B．attracted C．attacked D．shocked
43．A．recalled B．noted C．recognized D．concluded
44．A．formation B．presentation C．presence D．composition
45．A．held B．picked C．pulled D．dragged
46．A．flowers B．branches C．leaves D．roots
47．A．deed B．deal C．operation D．project
48．A．burning B．bathing C．breathing D．dying
49．A．confirm B．exhibit C．evaluate D．celebrate
50．A．innocently B．distantly C．decisively D．thoughtlessly
51．A．shelter B．medicine C．medium D．venue
52．A．right B．same C．dirty D．loose
53．A．Moreover B．Likewise C．Rather D．Nevertheless
54．A．environment B．mode C．neighbourhood D．opportunity
55．A．invisible B．disorganized C．improper D．unpleasant
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatable Brick Beds Warm NE China Homes
In northeast China’s chilly winter, getting into a warm bed is made possible by an ancient heatable brick bed that could date back more than two thousand years 56 is still widely used today. These beds not only bring warmth to local residents, but also continue the folk culture of northeast China.
The bed is made of bricks or other forms of fired clay with 57 width of about1.7m to 2.3 m and a length that can be determined according to the length of the bedroom. It uses a ducted heating system similar to the Roman hypocaust, 58 (compose) of a stove, a bed and a chimney. The stove 59 (use) to burn firewood. Smoke and heat generated by burning firewood pass through an internal hollow and curved flue system to heat the bed above. Smoke is eventually discharged outward through the chimney. The bed retains heat well, 60 enables people 61 (have) a comfortable sleeping environment in the cold winter. In addition, 62 (sleep) on the heatable brick bed for a prolonged period is good for the blood 63 (circulate) and metabolism of the body, and can relieve some diseases such as arthritis and waist and leg pain.
The heatable brick bed is not only used as a bed, but also a living area for the family. People 64 (routine) have their meals and family 65 (gathering) on the bed in cold winters. The bed is a symbol of home that embodies the emotion and love they feel towards their families.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友George来信说他对中国人贴春联(Spring Festival couplets)的习俗很感兴趣，希望给他回信简要介绍一下。内容包括：
1.贴春联的习俗；2.春联的寓意。
注意：
1.词数80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear George,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours;
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Katie was happily jumping rope on the grass in front of her house facing the expansive city park just across the road. The neighborhood residents often enjoyed walking around the lake in the park, and on this pleasant day, with the sun casting its warm light, Katie spent the unhurried moments devoted to her jumping routine.
Her thoughts were focused on her jumping: how to match the spinning of the jump rope in her hands and the jumping of her feet so that they didn’t get mixed, causing her to trip. When her mind and muscles were working together, and when every move flowed smoothly, all of it felt pretty good in the afternoon sunshine. While jumping, she remembered that her grandmother had given her the jump rope for Christmas. She knew that her grandmother didn’t have a lot of money and had to save up to buy the jump rope for her. Before Christmas, her grandmother had taken her to some toy shops to look at different things, hoping to find out what Katie wanted. When Katie finally got the gift, it was not just a jump rope but the very jump rope she had wanted for a long time. She felt especially loved by her considerate grandmother.
The warmth of the afternoon sun enhanced the joy Katie felt as she skipped along. Suddenly a boy rushed across the road to her. Without any warning he robbed her of her jump rope, shouting, “Give me that” and raced back across the road towards the park.
Empty-handed, Katie was left in confusion. It took her a while to recover from the shock. When she came to her senses and realized the theft of her grandma’s gift, tear swelled up. A wave of anger and disappointment swept over her. But in that moment of upset, something unusual in the park captured her attention.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Following the boy quickly, she spotted a group of kids crying anxiously by the lake.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After making sure the drowning girl was okay, the boy walked up to Katie with the jump rope.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
