2024届高考英语外刊阅读天天练： 综合训练二十一（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语外刊阅读天天练： 综合训练二十一（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-02-28 21:24:23 | ||
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高考英语外刊阅读天天练 综合训练二十一
阅读理解
Pollution,Pollination and the Sensitive Rules of Attraction
【The New York Times (Feburary 20, 2024)】
The damage that air pollution can do is wide-ranging and well known: The chemicals produced by human activities can trap heat in the atmosphere, change the chemistry of the oceans and harm human health in myriad ways. Now, a new study suggests that air pollution might also make flowers less attractive to pollinating pounds called nitrate radicals, which can be abundant in nighttime urban air, severely degrade the scent emitted by the pale evening primrose, reducing visits from pollinating hawk moths, researchers reported in Science this month.
The study focuses on the pale evening primrose, a plant with delicate flowers that open at night. Its key pollinators include hawk moths, which have exquisitely sensitive odor-detecting antennae(触角). A flower's scent is a complex olfactory bouquet that contains many chemical compounds. To identify the ingredients in the signature primrose scent, the scientists fastened plastic bags over the blooms, capturing samples of the fragrant air. When the team analyzed these samples in the lab, it identified 22 distinct chemical components.
The scientists then recorded the electrical activity of the moths' antennae when they were exposed to these scent compounds. They found that the moths were especially sensitive to a group of compounds called monoterpenes, which also help give conifers their fresh, evergreen smell.
The researchers used these attractive aromas to concoct their own simulated primrose scent. Then, they added ozone and nitrate radicals, both of which can form when pollutants produced by fossil-fuel combustion enter the atmosphere. Ozone, which forms in the presence of sunlight, is abundant during the day, whereas nitrate radicals, which are degraded by sunlight, are more dominant at night.
The scientists added ozone to the primrose scent first and observed some chemical degradation, with concentrations of two key monoterpenes dropping by roughly 30 percent.They next added nitrate radicals to the mix, which proved far more damaging, reducing these key moth attractants by as much as 84 percent compared with their original levels. They were“almost completely gone," Dr. Thornton, the leading researcher said.
The researchers believe that the problem extends far beyond the hawk moth and the primrose. Many pollinators are sensitive to monoterpenes, which are common in floral odors. Using computational modeling, the researchers calculated that in many cities around the world, pollution has reduced scent-detection distances by more than 75 percent since the preindustrial age.
Why did the scientists make use of plastic bags in the research
They used them to protect the subject of the study
They used them to detect chemical compounds
They used them to obtain samples of the fragrant air
They used them to modify the ingredients in the signature primrose scent
Which of the following statement is true according to the passage
A.Moths' antennae is more easily to react to conifers’ evergreen smell
B.The researchers used monoterpenes to make artificial primrose scent
C.Ozone produced by fossil-fuel consumption is easier to be found at night
D.Nitrate radicals forms in the absence of sunlight and changed by night
What may Dr. Thornton disagree with concerning the result of the passage
Some chemical degradation can be caused by the addition of ozone
The combination of nitrate radicals and ozone can be more damaging
Key moth attractants are almost gone after the adding of the nitrate radicals
D. Nitrate radicals are more damaging than ozone to ozone
What does the passage mainly talk about
Severe air pollution problems arise from human activites
Pollution may reduce flower pollination with less attraction to pollinators
The urgency to alleviate air pollution in the atmosphere
The loss of habitat of pollinating insects
II. 七选五
Investors Wonder About Tesla’s Future
【The Wall Street Journal (Feburary 12, 2024)】
Tesla has long sold investors on the hope of a brighter future. But these days, what is that mission __1____ As time wore on and others began chasing the EV dream, Musk positioned Tesla as a gateway for artificial intelligence through driverless cars and then humanoid robots. So what makes the company special in a world where Musk doesn’t see climate change as a near-term risk and is wavering on his commitment to pursue AI
___2___ In 2019, as some Tesla investors questioned whether the Model 3 could live up to Musk’s goals, the chief executive held a special presentation for investors to tout the company’s efforts to develop the autonomous technology by the end of 2020. ____3___ Investors seemed to buy into it. Shares more than doubled last year in part driven by investors worried that Musk was too distracted by his acquisition of the social-media platform now known as X.
And Musk appears to be distancing himself from some of the green movement that had so embraced him years ago. ___4___ That future, in Musk’s telling, involves humanoid robots, dubbed Optimus, that he says Tesla is working to develop, using the technology behind its driverless cars. ___5___ “I think,” he added, “we’ve got a good chance of shipping some number of Optimus units next year.”
A.But he also pulled back some of his expectations after Musk’s comment about control.
B.At a public event in December, Musk described the alarm over climate change as “somewhat overblown in the short term.”
C.Then, almost a year ago, Musk asked Tesla investors to take a leap of faith that the company’s future was all about rolling out AI software to enable robot cars.
D.At first, Musk was to many investors and fans the answer to climate change, especially as Elon Musk showed a zero-emissions vehicle could be both cool and profitable.
E.Any change of organizational or legal structure that impedes Tesla’s ability to participate in the development of
AI could be detrimental to the investment thesis.
F.By then, Musk had long been selling the future of Tesla as something more than just electric cars.
G.Optimus, as he said, is an extremely revolutionary product and something that he thought had the potential to far exceed the value of everything else at Tesla combined.
III. 语法填空
Oranges are the fruit of love on TikTok
【The Times(Feburary 13, 2024)】
History and legend abound with tales of grand gestures of love. The fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, grief-stricken after his wife’s death during childbirth, ___1_____(build) the Taj Mahal as a testament to their bond. The king of Babylon _____2_____(say) to have built the Hanging Gardens to remind his wife of home.
But ____3____ we approach this year’s celebration of Valentine’s Day, young couples on TikTok are not looking ___4___ grand gestures of poetry or monuments: in the world of modern romance, a simple __5_____(peel)orange will suffice. The“orange peel theory”is a viral trend ___6____one person in a couple will ask their partner to peel an orange for them. If the partner unquestioningly and ____7____(loving) peels it, the love is true and will last.
Tests like this are all over TikTok, but why are we interested in them Is it some quirk of an anxiety-ridden generation, keen ____8_____(test) the strength of their love at any turn It is hard to tell, Sturmer, a relationship counsellor said, _____9____(add): “If we are feeling pretty secure, then this stuff won’t bother us. If we are feeling more vulnerable or we’re struggling with our resilience [it] might have more of ____10____ impact.”
CB DB
DFCBG
built; is said;as;for;peeled ;where ;lovingly;to test ;adding;an
阅读理解
Pollution,Pollination and the Sensitive Rules of Attraction
【The New York Times (Feburary 20, 2024)】
The damage that air pollution can do is wide-ranging and well known: The chemicals produced by human activities can trap heat in the atmosphere, change the chemistry of the oceans and harm human health in myriad ways. Now, a new study suggests that air pollution might also make flowers less attractive to pollinating pounds called nitrate radicals, which can be abundant in nighttime urban air, severely degrade the scent emitted by the pale evening primrose, reducing visits from pollinating hawk moths, researchers reported in Science this month.
The study focuses on the pale evening primrose, a plant with delicate flowers that open at night. Its key pollinators include hawk moths, which have exquisitely sensitive odor-detecting antennae(触角). A flower's scent is a complex olfactory bouquet that contains many chemical compounds. To identify the ingredients in the signature primrose scent, the scientists fastened plastic bags over the blooms, capturing samples of the fragrant air. When the team analyzed these samples in the lab, it identified 22 distinct chemical components.
The scientists then recorded the electrical activity of the moths' antennae when they were exposed to these scent compounds. They found that the moths were especially sensitive to a group of compounds called monoterpenes, which also help give conifers their fresh, evergreen smell.
The researchers used these attractive aromas to concoct their own simulated primrose scent. Then, they added ozone and nitrate radicals, both of which can form when pollutants produced by fossil-fuel combustion enter the atmosphere. Ozone, which forms in the presence of sunlight, is abundant during the day, whereas nitrate radicals, which are degraded by sunlight, are more dominant at night.
The scientists added ozone to the primrose scent first and observed some chemical degradation, with concentrations of two key monoterpenes dropping by roughly 30 percent.They next added nitrate radicals to the mix, which proved far more damaging, reducing these key moth attractants by as much as 84 percent compared with their original levels. They were“almost completely gone," Dr. Thornton, the leading researcher said.
The researchers believe that the problem extends far beyond the hawk moth and the primrose. Many pollinators are sensitive to monoterpenes, which are common in floral odors. Using computational modeling, the researchers calculated that in many cities around the world, pollution has reduced scent-detection distances by more than 75 percent since the preindustrial age.
Why did the scientists make use of plastic bags in the research
They used them to protect the subject of the study
They used them to detect chemical compounds
They used them to obtain samples of the fragrant air
They used them to modify the ingredients in the signature primrose scent
Which of the following statement is true according to the passage
A.Moths' antennae is more easily to react to conifers’ evergreen smell
B.The researchers used monoterpenes to make artificial primrose scent
C.Ozone produced by fossil-fuel consumption is easier to be found at night
D.Nitrate radicals forms in the absence of sunlight and changed by night
What may Dr. Thornton disagree with concerning the result of the passage
Some chemical degradation can be caused by the addition of ozone
The combination of nitrate radicals and ozone can be more damaging
Key moth attractants are almost gone after the adding of the nitrate radicals
D. Nitrate radicals are more damaging than ozone to ozone
What does the passage mainly talk about
Severe air pollution problems arise from human activites
Pollution may reduce flower pollination with less attraction to pollinators
The urgency to alleviate air pollution in the atmosphere
The loss of habitat of pollinating insects
II. 七选五
Investors Wonder About Tesla’s Future
【The Wall Street Journal (Feburary 12, 2024)】
Tesla has long sold investors on the hope of a brighter future. But these days, what is that mission __1____ As time wore on and others began chasing the EV dream, Musk positioned Tesla as a gateway for artificial intelligence through driverless cars and then humanoid robots. So what makes the company special in a world where Musk doesn’t see climate change as a near-term risk and is wavering on his commitment to pursue AI
___2___ In 2019, as some Tesla investors questioned whether the Model 3 could live up to Musk’s goals, the chief executive held a special presentation for investors to tout the company’s efforts to develop the autonomous technology by the end of 2020. ____3___ Investors seemed to buy into it. Shares more than doubled last year in part driven by investors worried that Musk was too distracted by his acquisition of the social-media platform now known as X.
And Musk appears to be distancing himself from some of the green movement that had so embraced him years ago. ___4___ That future, in Musk’s telling, involves humanoid robots, dubbed Optimus, that he says Tesla is working to develop, using the technology behind its driverless cars. ___5___ “I think,” he added, “we’ve got a good chance of shipping some number of Optimus units next year.”
A.But he also pulled back some of his expectations after Musk’s comment about control.
B.At a public event in December, Musk described the alarm over climate change as “somewhat overblown in the short term.”
C.Then, almost a year ago, Musk asked Tesla investors to take a leap of faith that the company’s future was all about rolling out AI software to enable robot cars.
D.At first, Musk was to many investors and fans the answer to climate change, especially as Elon Musk showed a zero-emissions vehicle could be both cool and profitable.
E.Any change of organizational or legal structure that impedes Tesla’s ability to participate in the development of
AI could be detrimental to the investment thesis.
F.By then, Musk had long been selling the future of Tesla as something more than just electric cars.
G.Optimus, as he said, is an extremely revolutionary product and something that he thought had the potential to far exceed the value of everything else at Tesla combined.
III. 语法填空
Oranges are the fruit of love on TikTok
【The Times(Feburary 13, 2024)】
History and legend abound with tales of grand gestures of love. The fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, grief-stricken after his wife’s death during childbirth, ___1_____(build) the Taj Mahal as a testament to their bond. The king of Babylon _____2_____(say) to have built the Hanging Gardens to remind his wife of home.
But ____3____ we approach this year’s celebration of Valentine’s Day, young couples on TikTok are not looking ___4___ grand gestures of poetry or monuments: in the world of modern romance, a simple __5_____(peel)orange will suffice. The“orange peel theory”is a viral trend ___6____one person in a couple will ask their partner to peel an orange for them. If the partner unquestioningly and ____7____(loving) peels it, the love is true and will last.
Tests like this are all over TikTok, but why are we interested in them Is it some quirk of an anxiety-ridden generation, keen ____8_____(test) the strength of their love at any turn It is hard to tell, Sturmer, a relationship counsellor said, _____9____(add): “If we are feeling pretty secure, then this stuff won’t bother us. If we are feeling more vulnerable or we’re struggling with our resilience [it] might have more of ____10____ impact.”
CB DB
DFCBG
built; is said;as;for;peeled ;where ;lovingly;to test ;adding;an