北师大版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 3 Celebrations语法点之被动语态课件(共18张PPT)

(共18张PPT)
高一英语教研组
UNIT 3 语法课
被动语态
学习目标：
1.学习被动语态的用法，并会识别和分析被动语态。
2.被动语态的时态
3.主动语态与被动语态的相互转化
例句展示
①Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family.（P52）
春节是每个中国家庭都非常重视的节日
②It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.(P52)
据说“福”字被倒贴时，幸福就会来到
③Every year, the moment I get on the train,I am surrounded by Shanxi accents
每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围 （P53）
思考：1.三个句子中标黄部分的主语分别是谁？
2.标黄部分与主语之间是什么关系？
3.标黄部分是什么时态？
4.标黄部分有什么共同点？
被动
一般现在时
am/is+done(过去分词)
总结：这三句话都使用了一般现在时的被动语态，形式为am/is/are+done
例句展示
1．(教材P52)First，the house was cleaned from top to bottom.
首先，房子从上到下都被打扫了一遍。
2．(教材P52)Next，the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.
接下来，汉字“福”被倒贴在我们的前门上
思考：1.标黄部分与主语之间是什么关系？
2.标黄部分是什么时态？
3.标黄部分有什么共同点？
被动
一般过去时
was+done(过去分词)
总结：这两句话都使用了一般过去时的被动语态，形式为was/were+done
例句展示
1．(教材P53)Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as jiaozi are being made.
厨房里也有很大的乐趣，因为正在包饺子
2．(教材P53)Most of the important Spring Festival traditions are still being practised by people across the country.
全国各地的人们人在践行着大部分重要的春节传统
思考：1.标黄部分与主语之间是什么关系？
2.标黄部分是什么时态？
3.标黄部分有什么共同点？
被动
现在进行时
am+being done(过去分词)
总结：这两句话都使用了现在进行时的被动语态，形式为am/is/are+being done
例句展示
1.(教材P52)Fireworks were being let off across the city，suddenly lighting up the night sky.
烟花在城市上空燃放，瞬间照亮了夜空。
思考：1.标黄部分与主语之间是什么关系？
2.标黄部分是什么时态？
被动
过去进行时
总结：这句话都使用了过去进行时的被动语态，形式为was/were+being done
例句展示
1.(教材P53)but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept.
但是春节的精神--家庭精神--在很大程度上得到了保留
思考：1.标黄部分与主语之间是什么关系？
2.标黄部分是什么时态？
被动
过去进行时
总结：这句话使用了现在完成时的被动语态，形式为have/has+be done
形式 构成 例句
现在时 一般式 am/is/are done Rice is grown in the south of the US
.美国南部种植水稻。
进行式 am/is/are being done English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio
广播里正在播放英语课。
完成式 has/have been done The case hasrecently been tried.
这桩案子最近已经审过了。
过去时 一般式 was/were done They were givena warm send off.
他们受到了热烈的欢送。
进行式 was/were being done We had to take a detour.The road was being repaired.
我们得绕行。这条路在维修。
总结归纳
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者
使用场合：
1.Do you know when the new railway will be put to use？
你知道新的铁路什么时候投入使用吗？
不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者
2.The novel was written by the high school student.
这部小说是由这个中学生写的。
强调动作的承受者
3.You are warmly invited to a party to be held at the Workers' Club at 7 pm on May 1.
热情邀请您参加5月1日晚上7点在工人俱乐部举行的派对　
表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者
4.Nuclear energy has been used to produce electricity.
核能已被用于发电。
在文章标题、公告、科技报告、新闻中
对点练习
1.Experiments of this kind __________(conduct) both in the US and Europe before the Second World War.
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
had been conducted
2.We can't play on the football field now because the grass __________(cut) at the moment.
is being cut
3.The young couple had to rent a car, because their car __________(repair) in the shop.
was being repaired
4.We need one more week before all the work __________(finish).
is finished
5.Yesterday, he __________ (praise) by the officer because of his good deeds.
was praised
6. Shakespeare's play Hamlet __________(make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
has been made
7.Visitors (request) not to touch the exhibits.
8.Jack is very nervous as his examination results (send) to his parents in three days.
9.The first railway in the world (design) in the last century
10.Look! A nice picture (draw) byonr toacher.
对点练习
are requested
will be sent
was designed
is being drawn
1．（全国I卷语法填空节选）When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
对标高考
are removed
is found
根据 tastes 可知，此处应用一般现在时；又因主语为 fat and salt，且 fatand salt 与动词remove 之间是动宾关系，谓语动词应用复数和被动语态，所以此处填are removed。
2．（全国I卷语法填空改编）The polar bear (find) in the Arctic Circle and somebig land masses as far south as Newfoundland.
句意：在北极圈以及一些南至纽芬兰的大块陆地上发现了北极熊。根据句意可知，The polar bear 与find之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。
无被动语态的情况：
1．不及物动词(短语)，容易出错的有：appear、die、disappear、end、fail、fall、happen、last、lie、remain、sit、spread、stand、agree with、arrive at、succeed in、happen to、take part in、belong to（属于）、break out（爆发）、come true（实现）、take place（发生）、run out（用完）、come up（发生、开始）、come out等。
例句体会：①Three days later a rash appeared.
三天后出现了皮疹。
②Very little of the house remained after the fire.
火灾之后，这座房子所剩无几。
③Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.
狮子和老虎属于猫科动物。
2.表示开始、结束、运动的动词没有被动语态，如begin、finish、start、open、close、stop、end、run、move等。
例句体会：The shop closes at 6 o'clock pm every day.
这家商店每天下午六点关门
练习：The gym ______ at 8 am and ______ at 10 pm every day.
这家健身房每天上午八点开门，晚上十点关门。
opens
closes
1.Owing to the heavy snow, the price of vegetables _________ recently.
由于这场大雪，最近蔬菜的价格上涨了。
2.To our satisfaction, our dream __________ at last.
令我们满意的是，我们的梦想最终实现了。
3.The meeting (start) at nine tomorrow.
这个会议在明天九点召开
4.A big fire (break) out in the forest in the southwest of America on April 5. 一场在4月5日在美国西南部森林的大火被扑灭
对点练习：
has risen
came true
will start
broke
主动变被动
1．把主动句的宾语用作被动句的主语；
2．把主动句的谓语动词改成“be十过去分词”的形式，作被动句的谓语
3. 把主动句的主语放到介词by后面组成介词短语，在句中作状语，可以省略
由主动语态变成被动语态时：
例句体会：
They are planting trees.（主动句）
Trees are being planted （by them）.（被动句）
对点练习：
1. We will discuss the question at the next meeting.
2. I have booked the room on the Internet.
3.Jack gave me two film tickets yesterday.
4.Everyone considered Tom to be the best student in the class.
Tom is considered to be the best student in the class.
将下列句子变为被动语态
The question will be discussed by us at the next meeting.
The room has been booked by me on the Internet.
Two tickets were given to me by Jack yesterday.
thank you！